Add analyzer for StringBuilder(char)

[eduherminio]

Context:

• Adding a StringBuilder(char) constructor was originally proposed in Add StringBuilder(Char) #20848 due to the existing StringBuilder(int capacity) constructor accepting a char as an argument (i.e.: StringBuilder('a')), but the proposal was finally rejected.

• Since this scenario will generally denote a bug, the possibility of creating an analyzer for it was brought up during the review of the proposal, but apparently was discarded or never formalized.

• After opening a GH discussion about it, I was suggested in to formally propose the creation of such analyzer (StringBuilder: char constructor #46052 (comment)).

[Dotnet-GitSync-Bot]

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[GrabYourPitchforks]

I wonder if this can be turned into a generalized heuristic. Some possible examples:

If the parameter is named capacity, count, or similar; and if the input to the parameter is a char which has been auto-widened to an int; trigger the analyzer.

If there are two method overloads MyMethod(..., string, ...) and MyMethod(..., int, ...) (but no MyMethod(..., char, ...)), and if the call site matched the second overload because a char was auto-widened to an int, trigger the analyzer.