Extend ReadOnlySpan<byte> optimization for static data to work with ASCII/UTF8 strings

[benaadams]

Could this (#24621) work with byte strings? As writing them out is fairly impenetrable e.g.

static ReadOnlySpan<byte> ContinueBytes =>
    new byte[] { (byte)'H', (byte)'T', (byte)'T', (byte)'P', (byte)'/', (byte)'1', (byte)'.', (byte)'1', (byte)' ', (byte)'1', (byte)'0', (byte)'0', (byte)' ', (byte)'C', (byte)'o', (byte)'n', (byte)'t', (byte)'i', (byte)'n', (byte)'u', (byte)'e', (byte)'\r', (byte)'\n', (byte)'\r', (byte)'\n' };

So it would be nice if it worked with UTF8 and/or ASCII encoding, so this worked instead (both preferably):

static ReadOnlySpan<byte> ContinueBytes =>
    Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("HTTP/1.1 100 Continue\r\n\r\n");

Example: dotnet/aspnetcore#7422

/cc @VSadov @stephentoub @jkotas @KrzysztofCwalina @jaredpar @jcouv

[vcsjones]

My personal preference would for some string literal modifier to exist like b"abc" (a la Rust) that is of type ROS<byte> and be limited to ASCII characters. Other prefixes could exist for other encodings, though I wonder how endianness would work.

[GrabYourPitchforks]

This would mesh generally with the proposals we've been shooting around internally re:

Utf8String theStr = utf8"Hello world!"; // or similar

And since the current proposal is to have a free conversion from Utf8String to ROS<byte> (just like how there's a free conversion from string to ROS<char>), this should generate the desired behavior in the end.

[benaadams]

I hear talk of something like this, which would be more terse and a bit better:

static ReadOnlySpan<byte> ContinueBytes => u8"HTTP/1.1 100 Continue\r\n\r\n";

Working via implicit Utf8String => ReadOnlySpan<byte> conversion (and hopefully the Utf8String using the same load from data as ReadOnlySpan<byte>?)

/cc @GrabYourPitchforks

[Thaina]

Isn't string internally char and should be ReadOnlySpan<char> ?

[benaadams]

Not 8 bit string data (i.e. ASCII and UTF8); they are a list of bytes, so ReadOnlySpan<byte>

UTF16 strings sort of work https://github.com/dotnet/coreclr/issues/22511 with

static ReadOnlySpan<char> Hello => "Hello".AsSpan();

But if you want to do 8 bit you have to do:

// "HTTP/1.1 100 Continue\r\n\r\n"
static ReadOnlySpan<byte> ContinueBytes => new byte[] { (byte)'H', (byte)'T', (byte)'T', (byte)'P', (byte)'/', (byte)'1', (byte)'.', (byte)'1', (byte)' ', (byte)'1', (byte)'0', (byte)'0', (byte)' ', (byte)'C', (byte)'o', (byte)'n', (byte)'t', (byte)'i', (byte)'n', (byte)'u', (byte)'e', (byte)'\r', (byte)'\n', (byte)'\r', (byte)'\n' };

[VSadov]

It feels like having to write new byte[] { (byte)'H', (byte)'T', (byte)'T', (byte)'P', ... should be fixed first. Looks gross.

Once there is a utf8 literal (or a wellknown/intrinsic conversion from string), hooking up the optimization should be fairly easy.

[scalablecory]

I think string literals are good special cases to have.

Long term I would love something like C++'s constexpr to generalize things like this.

[ufcpp]

According to LDM Sept. 16, 2019, UTF-8 string literals are emitted as UTF-16, at least in the initial implementation.
So I decided to create a source generator for this purpose.

[alrz]

I think uft8 strings addressed this already?

What I was looking for was to how embed some binary data as part of code generation, similar to https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/312986896dafdbf2475601be8fa0a2faefc40b2f/csharp/src/Google.Protobuf/WellKnownTypes/Wrappers.pb.cs#L25

Currently that can be done using ROS<byte> data = "\x000a\x000b"u8 etc but this would be a lot longer than base64 encoding.