From dcf66078604c3c174875423b168330d87f788466 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Zack Newman Date: Tue, 17 Jan 2023 08:29:44 -0500 Subject: [PATCH] Add versioning policy. (#2519) * Add versioning policy. Addresses (does not fix) #2518. This follows [Proposal: Cosign Versioning][versioning-proposal], which in turn follows https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/discussions/2365. After getting approval on this PR, I will update #2518 to include a checklist containing the following (possibly linking to separate bugs): - [ ] (docs) Communicate the new version policy to Cosign users. - [ ] (process/CI) Separate CLI and API releases (with different tagging schemes). - [ ] (process/CI) Use gorelease or similar to catch breaking API changes. - [ ] (code) Add library support for deprecations (see also https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/issues/2510) - [ ] (testing) E2E testing for old Cosign versions (Also client libraries, once they're stable). [versioning-proposal]: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1urWUPhtzXKWqL9CoaEw4Z35v5IDl9yrTRQ40XlYekOo/edit# Signed-off-by: Zachary Newman * Reword private-by-default for Sigstore API Signed-off-by: Zachary Newman * Minor rewordings Signed-off-by: Zachary Newman * Another minor rewording Signed-off-by: Zachary Newman Signed-off-by: Zachary Newman --- CLI.md | 5 ++ DEPRECATIONS.md | 10 --- VERSIONING.md | 203 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 208 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) create mode 100644 CLI.md delete mode 100644 DEPRECATIONS.md create mode 100644 VERSIONING.md diff --git a/CLI.md b/CLI.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5c975626dc5 --- /dev/null +++ b/CLI.md @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +# Cosign CLI Conventions + +* The *primary* output of any command should be to STDOUT. The format should be + described in the documentation of each command. +* Output to STDERR is informational only. diff --git a/DEPRECATIONS.md b/DEPRECATIONS.md deleted file mode 100644 index ee6d1cf9af3..00000000000 --- a/DEPRECATIONS.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,10 +0,0 @@ -# Deprecations - -This doc lists deprecated features in `cosign`. -You can read more about Sigstore's deprecation policy [here](https://docs.sigstore.dev/api-stability)! - -| **Feature Being Deprecated** | **API Stability Level** | **Earliest Date of Removal** | -|------------------------------|-------------------------|------------------------------| -| My feature | Experimental/Beta/GA | DD/MM/YY | -| | | | -| | | | diff --git a/VERSIONING.md b/VERSIONING.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d4e29d1bc45 --- /dev/null +++ b/VERSIONING.md @@ -0,0 +1,203 @@ +# Cosign Versioning Policy + +This is the versioning policy regarding the stability of Cosign, both the API and CLI. + +**tl;dr (CLI):** semver for specific behaviors, but with deprecations. + +**tl;dr (API):** no guarantees at all (for now). + +Principles: + +- Provide well-versioned, very reliable tools/libraries that people can write + scripts/code against. +- Provide places for experimentation and rapid-development, not covered under + versioning guarantees. +- Be explicit about what is and isn’t covered. +- Better to promise a weaker guarantee and stick to it consistently than to be + vague about what is/isn’t covered and technically comply, or not comply at + all. + +## Cosign CLI + +The Cosign CLI’s version numbers are of the form `MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`, but it is +explicitly not covered by [semantic versioning][semver] guarantees. Instead, you +should interpret version numbers as follows: + +**Major version increases.** These are "large changes." You should expect to +need to rewrite scripts after these. There are no compatibility guarantees about +the behavior or shape of the CLI. These should be infrequent and correspond to +big improvements in the user experience. + +**Minor version increases.** These are "small changes." If you’ve been paying +attention to and fixing deprecation warnings (see +["Deprecation"](#deprecation)), your scripts should continue to work (provided +they only depend on explicitly guaranteed Cosign behavior; see "What's +covered?"). + +**Patch version increases.** These are "bug fix" releases only, and should +always be adopted.. + +[semver]: https://semver.org + +### What's covered? + +Only behavior explicitly listed here is covered (to counter [Hyrum's +Law][hyrums-law]). + +* Any documented behavior (i.e., behavior described in the output of `cosign -h`). + If the wording is ambiguous, the behavior may change as long as the + corresponding documentation changes to make it less ambiguous. +* Output to standard output, *when described in the documentation*. Each command + should describe its default output format (ideally with examples). + * Any scripts should *only* rely on standard output. + * Consumers using compliant parsers will continue to be able parse the output of Cosign. + * New fields may be added, but fields will not be removed. +* Additional conventions documented in [CLI.md](CLI.md). + +What’s *not* covered? + +* Output to standard error is *not* covered and may change at any time. +* If the Sigstore API changes, the output of Cosign may change. +* Fixes to security bugs (for instance, something invalid used to pass + verification, but now it does not). However, "security features" should not + break backwards-compatibility. +* Any "unstable" commands. + +Violations of this are generally considered bugs; we will issue patch releases +for each affected minor version. In some (rare) cases, an exception may be made +with the approval of the Cosign maintainers as long as the decision results in +an update to this versioning policy. + +[hyrums-law]: https://www.hyrumslaw.com/ + +### Feature stability + +It’s important to enable rapid iteration on the development of new Cosign +features while providing stability to users of more-mature features. As such, +the Cosign CLI will support the following release levels with corresponding +guarantees: + +* **Experimental**: No guarantees. May change in a backwards-incompatible way or + be removed at any time without warning. +* Generally available (**GA**): follows the guidelines in this document. + +Users must explicitly indicate that they want to opt-in to experimental behavior +by setting the environment variable `COSIGN_EXPERIMENTAL=1`. + +### Supported versions + +**Full support.** We fully support only the latest release of the Cosign CLI. + +**Security support.** We will backport security fixes to all major versions +released in the past year. We may backport security fixes, depending on +severity, to all minor versions released in the last year. We may choose to +backport security "features" as well. + +### Deprecation + +Any behavior may be deprecated at any time with sufficient warning. For GA +features, that period is 6 months from the Cosign release in which the +deprecation was first announced; the first subsequent Cosign release should +remove that feature. A new major version voids all deprecation timeline +guarantees, and any deprecated behaviors can be removed at that time. + +Deprecation requires: + +* When users invoke the deprecated behavior, print a deprecation message to + standard error. + * The message should look something like: + ``` + WARNING: $BEHAVIOR is deprecated and will be removed in a Cosign release + soon after $DEPRECATION_DATE (see $GITHUB_ISSUE_LINK). Instead, please + $ALTERNATIVE. + ``` + * If we can’t tell whether a user is using the deprecated behavior (for + instance, if we’re going to remove a field), print the message every time. + * There MAY be a way to turn off the message. In many cases, this will just be + by using the alternative. Otherwise, we can consider adding a flag (which is + now subject to a deprecation period of its own). +* A release note at the introduction of the deprecation, along with the removal + of the behavior. +* Any documentation that refers to the deprecated behavior in the Cosign + repository should have the same information as in the message. + * Other documentation will be updated on a best-effort basis. + +For a list of currently deprecated behavior, search the codebase (all deprecated +behavior will use a shared "deprecation" library and therefore be easy to find). + +### Rationale/background + +Currently, many folks assume that the Cosign CLI follows semantic versioning. We +have a bunch of breaking changes blocked on a 2.0 release. Even after that +point, there are a number of proposed breaking changes/overhauls proposed. But +there’s hesitancy to publish another major version. Further, semver doesn’t lend +itself to a regular deprecation train (marking things deprecated, then ripping +out after a fixed period of time); rather, in semver, you always have to wait +for a new major version, which batches together a bunch of proposed deprecated +behavior. + +Approaches considered include: + +* Follow semver. Bump major versions frequently (this is why Chrome is at + version 107 and Firefox is at 106, and gcloud is at version 409). I think this + is actually way more user-hostile; it effectively means "there are no + compatibility guarantees." +* Follow semver. Avoid major version releases. I think that Sigstore and Cosign + are developing too rapidly to commit to avoid breaking things. Further, this + winds up preventing incremental improvements to the CLI in favor of huge + changes. For instance, right now with the v2 work underway the codebase is in + an awkward spot and would take a fair bit of work/branch management to push a + minor version release; realistically, the next release will be v2 even if we + have bug fixes we could push before then. + +## API support for old Cosign versions + +Starting with Cosign CLI v2, the Sigstore infrastructure should support old +Cosign versions for one year past release, and six months past the availability +of a suitable replacement. Any breakage here will be considered a bug and should +be rolled back or fixed. + +We will run end-to-end tests for all prior supported minor versions. + +## Cosign API + +The Cosign API is versioned independently of the Cosign CLI. Version numbers are +`MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`. For now, there are **no stability guarantees**: + +* The library will undergo a serious refactor to make using it much + safer/easier. +* Most callers (anybody not dealing with OCI registries/containers) will want + [sigstore-go][] instead. +* At a future major version, the library will follow semantic versioning (and + this policy will be updated). +* After that point, only code in pkg/ will be covered by semver; Cosign will + follow semver strictly. + * Functionality should be private (either language-private or in a "private" + package like `internal/` or `cmd/`) by default, and exposing it publicly + will be a deliberate choice. + * In-development features will live under a new `pkg/experimental/` directory, + which will not be covered by semver. + * Updating a library is safer than updating a CLI tool, so we will bump major + versions liberally (though not excessively). + +### Rationale/background + +We are not currently maintaining the Cosign API as if it’s a 1.0 library. There +are breaking changes all the time, and contributors don’t even seem to notice +(users might, but they haven’t complained much)! So effectively it's got no +versioning policy as-is; this just makes that official. + +The only reason it’s marked 1.0 is because the CLI was marked 1.0; it certainly +isn’t ready for semver guarantees ([which Golang requires][go-semver]). Also, it +doesn’t make sense to tie the versions of the API and CLI to each other. If I +wanted to do a big refactor of the API that didn't affect the CLI, that might +require a major version bump even if the CLI was entirely unchanged. + +Soon, [sigstore-go][] will be the default Golang API for Sigstore; this library +will have a well-thought-out API and be stable. After that point, we can +refactor Cosign to use it (see [Sigstore in Golang][sigstore-in-golang]) and +then clean up the Cosign API for those who need OCI support. + +[go-semver]: https://go.dev/doc/modules/release-workflow#breaking +[sigstore-go]: https://github.com/sigstore/sigstore-go +[sigstore-in-golang]: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1aZfk1TlzcuaO0uz76M9D26-gAvoZLn0oCAKvkbuhcPM/edit