[CT-2066] Handle old param/flag names in new CLI

[jtcohen6]

We're renaming some flags to match the common naming convention:

• no_print → print
• flags.DEFER_MODE / (env var) DBT_DEFER_TO_STATE → defer
• flags.FAVOR_STATE_MODE → favor_state
• flags.ARTIFACT_STATE_PATH / (env var) DBT_ARTIFACT_STATE_PATH → state
• (--single-threaded was renamed, but it's not something we publicly document, and it might only be relevant for dbt-rpc?)

Acceptance criteria: We continue to respect the old name:

• respect the old name in env var
• respect the old name in CLI flag
• raise a deprecation warning encouraging them to switch over to the new name
• have tests for each flag changed

I'm less concerned about the CLI flag, which raises a clear error already:

$ python3 -m dbt.cli.main --no-send-anonymous-usage-stats run
Usage: python -m dbt.cli.main [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...
Try 'python -m dbt.cli.main -h' for help.

Error: No such option: --no-send-anonymous-usage-stats (Possible options: --anonymous-usage-stats, --no-anonymous-usage-stats)

[stu-k]

After speaking with @iknox-fa, we can keep the send_anonymous_usage_stats as is, as it conforms with existing naming of params. I will edit the issue description to remove this change, and any mentions of the UserConfig, as this was the only env var held in UserConfig.

[jtcohen6]

@stu-k The no_print → print rename should also be relevant for UserConfig, since this is in the same category of "global config" that's settable in three places (CLI flag, env var, user config): https://docs.getdbt.com/reference/global-configs#suppress-print-messages-in-stdout

I see it's actually missing from the class here! That's an oversight, and speaks to the way that the definition and initialization of these configs have been poorly coordinated to date.

Not very high priority, so I'd be open to discussing kicking it out of scope — just want to make sure we're aligned on the functionality that's documented / expected.

[stu-k]

@jtcohen6 This work is currently turning out large enough that I'd rather keep that out of scope for now.

[jtcohen6]

@stu-k Opened as a new ticket: #7036