diff --git a/memstore/src/lib.rs b/memstore/src/lib.rs
index b7a875732..6acb8d938 100644
--- a/memstore/src/lib.rs
+++ b/memstore/src/lib.rs
@@ -52,13 +52,13 @@ pub struct ClientRequest {
 
 /// Helper trait to build `ClientRequest` for `MemStore` in generic test code.
 pub trait IntoMemClientRequest<T> {
-    fn make_request(client_id: &str, serial: u64) -> T;
+    fn make_request(client_id: impl ToString, serial: u64) -> T;
 }
 
 impl IntoMemClientRequest<ClientRequest> for ClientRequest {
-    fn make_request(client_id: &str, serial: u64) -> Self {
+    fn make_request(client_id: impl ToString, serial: u64) -> Self {
         Self {
-            client: client_id.into(),
+            client: client_id.to_string(),
             serial,
             status: format!("request-{}", serial),
         }
diff --git a/openraft/src/config/config.rs b/openraft/src/config/config.rs
index 2704a028e..02d049f82 100644
--- a/openraft/src/config/config.rs
+++ b/openraft/src/config/config.rs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use std::ops::Deref;
 use std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool;
 use std::time::Duration;
 
+use anyerror::AnyError;
 use clap::Parser;
 use rand::thread_rng;
 use rand::Rng;
@@ -26,6 +27,12 @@ pub enum SnapshotPolicy {
     /// A snapshot will be generated once the log has grown the specified number of logs since
     /// the last snapshot.
     LogsSinceLast(u64),
+
+    /// Openraft will never trigger a snapshot building.
+    /// With this option, the application calls
+    /// [`Raft::trigger_snapshot()`](`crate::Raft::trigger_snapshot`) to manually trigger a
+    /// snapshot.
+    Never,
 }
 
 impl SnapshotPolicy {
@@ -35,6 +42,7 @@ impl SnapshotPolicy {
             SnapshotPolicy::LogsSinceLast(threshold) => {
                 state.committed().next_index() >= state.snapshot_last_log_id().next_index() + threshold
             }
+            SnapshotPolicy::Never => false,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -50,17 +58,21 @@ fn parse_bytes_with_unit(src: &str) -> Result<u64, ConfigError> {
 }
 
 fn parse_snapshot_policy(src: &str) -> Result<SnapshotPolicy, ConfigError> {
+    if src == "never" {
+        return Ok(SnapshotPolicy::Never);
+    }
+
     let elts = src.split(':').collect::<Vec<_>>();
     if elts.len() != 2 {
         return Err(ConfigError::InvalidSnapshotPolicy {
-            syntax: "since_last:<num>".to_string(),
+            syntax: "never|since_last:<num>".to_string(),
             invalid: src.to_string(),
         });
     }
 
     if elts[0] != "since_last" {
         return Err(ConfigError::InvalidSnapshotPolicy {
-            syntax: "since_last:<num>".to_string(),
+            syntax: "never|since_last:<num>".to_string(),
             invalid: src.to_string(),
         });
     }
@@ -258,7 +270,10 @@ impl Config {
     ///
     /// The first element in `args` must be the application name.
     pub fn build(args: &[&str]) -> Result<Config, ConfigError> {
-        let config = <Self as Parser>::parse_from(args);
+        let config = <Self as Parser>::try_parse_from(args).map_err(|e| ConfigError::ParseError {
+            source: AnyError::from(&e),
+            args: args.iter().map(|x| x.to_string()).collect(),
+        })?;
         config.validate()
     }
 
diff --git a/openraft/src/config/config_test.rs b/openraft/src/config/config_test.rs
index 3e3207627..0708e7dbe 100644
--- a/openraft/src/config/config_test.rs
+++ b/openraft/src/config/config_test.rs
@@ -93,6 +93,20 @@ fn test_build() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn test_config_snapshot_policy() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let config = Config::build(&["foo", "--snapshot-policy=never"])?;
+    assert_eq!(SnapshotPolicy::Never, config.snapshot_policy);
+
+    let config = Config::build(&["foo", "--snapshot-policy=since_last:3"])?;
+    assert_eq!(SnapshotPolicy::LogsSinceLast(3), config.snapshot_policy);
+
+    let res = Config::build(&["foo", "--snapshot-policy=bar:3"]);
+    assert!(res.is_err());
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn test_config_enable_tick() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let config = Config::build(&["foo", "--enable-tick=false"])?;
diff --git a/openraft/src/config/error.rs b/openraft/src/config/error.rs
index b5d4a9442..5ff8a4df4 100644
--- a/openraft/src/config/error.rs
+++ b/openraft/src/config/error.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
+use anyerror::AnyError;
+
 /// Error variants related to configuration.
 #[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
 #[derive(PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum ConfigError {
+    #[error("ParseError: {source} while parsing ({args:?})")]
+    ParseError { source: AnyError, args: Vec<String> },
+
     /// The min election timeout is not smaller than the max election timeout.
     #[error("election timeout: min({min}) must be < max({max})")]
     ElectionTimeout { min: u64, max: u64 },
diff --git a/tests/tests/log_compaction/main.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_building/main.rs
similarity index 83%
rename from tests/tests/log_compaction/main.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_building/main.rs
index 0b9d5cbf6..a0e8afe57 100644
--- a/tests/tests/log_compaction/main.rs
+++ b/tests/tests/snapshot_building/main.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #[path = "../fixtures/mod.rs"]
 mod fixtures;
 
-mod t10_compaction;
+mod t10_build_snapshot;
 mod t35_building_snapshot_does_not_block_append;
 mod t35_building_snapshot_does_not_block_apply;
+mod t60_snapshot_policy_never;
diff --git a/tests/tests/log_compaction/t10_compaction.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_building/t10_build_snapshot.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from tests/tests/log_compaction/t10_compaction.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_building/t10_build_snapshot.rs
index cedd01cb3..9941ac409 100644
--- a/tests/tests/log_compaction/t10_compaction.rs
+++ b/tests/tests/snapshot_building/t10_build_snapshot.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ use crate::fixtures::RaftRouter;
 /// - send enough requests to the node that log compaction will be triggered.
 /// - add new nodes and assert that they receive the snapshot.
 #[async_entry::test(worker_threads = 8, init = "init_default_ut_tracing()", tracing_span = "debug")]
-async fn compaction() -> Result<()> {
+async fn build_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     let snapshot_threshold: u64 = 50;
 
     // Setup test dependencies.
diff --git a/tests/tests/log_compaction/t35_building_snapshot_does_not_block_append.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_building/t35_building_snapshot_does_not_block_append.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/log_compaction/t35_building_snapshot_does_not_block_append.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_building/t35_building_snapshot_does_not_block_append.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/log_compaction/t35_building_snapshot_does_not_block_apply.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_building/t35_building_snapshot_does_not_block_apply.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/log_compaction/t35_building_snapshot_does_not_block_apply.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_building/t35_building_snapshot_does_not_block_apply.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot_building/t60_snapshot_policy_never.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_building/t60_snapshot_policy_never.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..57394a6d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/tests/snapshot_building/t60_snapshot_policy_never.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use anyhow::Result;
+use futures::StreamExt;
+use maplit::btreeset;
+use openraft::Config;
+use openraft::SnapshotPolicy;
+
+use crate::fixtures::init_default_ut_tracing;
+use crate::fixtures::RaftRouter;
+
+/// Compaction test.
+///
+/// What does this test do?
+///
+/// - build a stable single node cluster.
+/// - send enough requests to the node that log compaction will be triggered.
+/// - add new nodes and assert that they receive the snapshot.
+#[async_entry::test(worker_threads = 8, init = "init_default_ut_tracing()", tracing_span = "debug")]
+async fn snapshot_policy_never() -> Result<()> {
+    let n_logs: u64 = 6000;
+    let default_config = Config::default().snapshot_policy;
+    let default_threshold = if let SnapshotPolicy::LogsSinceLast(n) = default_config {
+        n
+    } else {
+        panic!("snapshot_policy must be never");
+    };
+
+    assert!(
+        n_logs > default_threshold,
+        "snapshot_threshold must be greater than default threshold"
+    );
+
+    // Setup test dependencies.
+    let config = Arc::new(
+        Config {
+            snapshot_policy: SnapshotPolicy::Never,
+            enable_tick: false,
+            ..Default::default()
+        }
+        .validate()?,
+    );
+    let mut router = RaftRouter::new(config.clone());
+
+    tracing::info!("--- initializing cluster");
+    let mut log_index = router.new_cluster(btreeset! {0}, btreeset! {}).await?;
+
+    let mut clients = futures::stream::FuturesUnordered::new();
+
+    let n_clients = 20;
+    for i in 0..n_clients {
+        let per_client = n_logs / n_clients;
+        let r = router.clone();
+        clients.push(async move {
+            let client_id = format!("{}", i);
+            r.client_request_many(0, &client_id, per_client as usize).await
+        });
+        log_index += per_client;
+    }
+
+    while clients.next().await.is_some() {}
+
+    tracing::info!(log_index, "--- log_index: {}", log_index);
+    router
+        .wait(&0, timeout())
+        .log(Some(log_index), format_args!("write log upto {}", log_index))
+        .await?;
+
+    let wait_snapshot_res = router
+        .wait(&0, Some(Duration::from_millis(3_000)))
+        .metrics(|m| m.snapshot.is_some(), "no snapshot will be built")
+        .await;
+
+    assert!(wait_snapshot_res.is_err(), "no snapshot should be built");
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn timeout() -> Option<Duration> {
+    Some(Duration::from_millis(1_000))
+}
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/main.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/main.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/main.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/main.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t10_api_install_snapshot.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t10_api_install_snapshot.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t10_api_install_snapshot.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t10_api_install_snapshot.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t20_startup_snapshot.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t20_startup_snapshot.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t20_startup_snapshot.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t20_startup_snapshot.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t20_trigger_snapshot.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t20_trigger_snapshot.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t20_trigger_snapshot.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t20_trigger_snapshot.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t30_purge_in_snapshot_logs.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t30_purge_in_snapshot_logs.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t30_purge_in_snapshot_logs.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t30_purge_in_snapshot_logs.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t31_snapshot_overrides_membership.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t31_snapshot_overrides_membership.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t31_snapshot_overrides_membership.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t31_snapshot_overrides_membership.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t32_snapshot_uses_prev_snap_membership.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t32_snapshot_uses_prev_snap_membership.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t32_snapshot_uses_prev_snap_membership.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t32_snapshot_uses_prev_snap_membership.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t33_snapshot_delete_conflict_logs.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t33_snapshot_delete_conflict_logs.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t33_snapshot_delete_conflict_logs.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t33_snapshot_delete_conflict_logs.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t34_replication_does_not_block_purge.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t34_replication_does_not_block_purge.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t34_replication_does_not_block_purge.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t34_replication_does_not_block_purge.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t50_snapshot_line_rate_to_snapshot.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t50_snapshot_line_rate_to_snapshot.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t50_snapshot_line_rate_to_snapshot.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t50_snapshot_line_rate_to_snapshot.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t50_snapshot_when_lacking_log.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t50_snapshot_when_lacking_log.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t50_snapshot_when_lacking_log.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t50_snapshot_when_lacking_log.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t51_after_snapshot_add_learner_and_request_a_log.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t51_after_snapshot_add_learner_and_request_a_log.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t51_after_snapshot_add_learner_and_request_a_log.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t51_after_snapshot_add_learner_and_request_a_log.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t60_snapshot_chunk_size.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t60_snapshot_chunk_size.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t60_snapshot_chunk_size.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t60_snapshot_chunk_size.rs
diff --git a/tests/tests/snapshot/t90_issue_808_snapshot_to_unreachable_node_should_not_block.rs b/tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t90_issue_808_snapshot_to_unreachable_node_should_not_block.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/tests/snapshot/t90_issue_808_snapshot_to_unreachable_node_should_not_block.rs
rename to tests/tests/snapshot_streaming/t90_issue_808_snapshot_to_unreachable_node_should_not_block.rs