diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/helpers_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/helpers_test.go
index 00564d86034a..5b4b112a5a8b 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/helpers_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/helpers_test.go
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ func (r *Replica) GetRaftLogSize() (int64, bool) {
 func (r *Replica) GetCachedLastTerm() uint64 {
 	r.mu.RLock()
 	defer r.mu.RUnlock()
-	return r.mu.lastTerm
+	return r.mu.lastTermNotDurable
 }
 
 func (r *Replica) IsRaftGroupInitialized() bool {
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/raft_log_queue.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/raft_log_queue.go
index eb305fcae327..70ec7779bf8b 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/raft_log_queue.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/raft_log_queue.go
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ func newTruncateDecision(ctx context.Context, r *Replica) (truncateDecision, err
 
 	const anyRecipientStore roachpb.StoreID = 0
 	pendingSnapshotIndex := r.getSnapshotLogTruncationConstraintsRLocked(anyRecipientStore)
-	lastIndex := r.mu.lastIndex
+	lastIndex := r.mu.lastIndexNotDurable
 	// NB: raftLogSize above adjusts for pending truncations that have already
 	// been successfully replicated via raft, but logSizeTrusted does not see if
 	// those pending truncations would cause a transition from trusted =>
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica.go
index eb72b9c650e2..270b137fd799 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica.go
@@ -397,12 +397,12 @@ type Replica struct {
 		mergeTxnID uuid.UUID
 		// The state of the Raft state machine.
 		state kvserverpb.ReplicaState
-		// Last index/term written to the raft log (not necessarily durable
-		// locally or committed by the group). Note that lastTerm may be 0 (and
-		// thus invalid) even when lastIndex is known, in which case the term
-		// will have to be retrieved from the Raft log entry. Use the
+		// Last index/term written to the raft log (not necessarily durable locally
+		// or committed by the group). Note that lastTermNotDurable may be 0 (and
+		// thus invalid) even when lastIndexNotDurable is known, in which case the
+		// term will have to be retrieved from the Raft log entry. Use the
 		// invalidLastTerm constant for this case.
-		lastIndex, lastTerm uint64
+		lastIndexNotDurable, lastTermNotDurable uint64
 		// A map of raft log index of pending snapshots to deadlines.
 		// Used to prohibit raft log truncations that would leave a gap between
 		// the snapshot and the new first index. The map entry has a zero
@@ -1294,7 +1294,7 @@ func (r *Replica) State(ctx context.Context) kvserverpb.RangeInfo {
 	r.mu.RLock()
 	defer r.mu.RUnlock()
 	ri.ReplicaState = *(protoutil.Clone(&r.mu.state)).(*kvserverpb.ReplicaState)
-	ri.LastIndex = r.mu.lastIndex
+	ri.LastIndex = r.mu.lastIndexNotDurable
 	ri.NumPending = uint64(r.numPendingProposalsRLocked())
 	ri.RaftLogSize = r.mu.raftLogSize
 	ri.RaftLogSizeTrusted = r.mu.raftLogSizeTrusted
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_init.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_init.go
index b5964c917b3b..c2494e35bba7 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_init.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_init.go
@@ -208,11 +208,11 @@ func (r *Replica) loadRaftMuLockedReplicaMuLocked(desc *roachpb.RangeDescriptor)
 	if r.mu.state, err = r.mu.stateLoader.Load(ctx, r.Engine(), desc); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	r.mu.lastIndex, err = r.mu.stateLoader.LoadLastIndex(ctx, r.Engine())
+	r.mu.lastIndexNotDurable, err = r.mu.stateLoader.LoadLastIndex(ctx, r.Engine())
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	r.mu.lastTerm = invalidLastTerm
+	r.mu.lastTermNotDurable = invalidLastTerm
 
 	// Ensure that we're not trying to load a replica with a different ID than
 	// was used to construct this Replica.
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go
index 994471cb9564..9db90f1af469 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go
@@ -720,8 +720,8 @@ func (r *Replica) handleRaftReadyRaftMuLocked(
 	var msgStorageAppend, msgStorageApply raftpb.Message
 	r.mu.Lock()
 	state := logstore.RaftState{ // used for append below
-		LastIndex: r.mu.lastIndex,
-		LastTerm:  r.mu.lastTerm,
+		LastIndex: r.mu.lastIndexNotDurable,
+		LastTerm:  r.mu.lastTermNotDurable,
 		ByteSize:  r.mu.raftLogSize,
 	}
 	leaderID := r.mu.leaderID
@@ -890,13 +890,13 @@ func (r *Replica) handleRaftReadyRaftMuLocked(
 			stats.tSnapEnd = timeutil.Now()
 			stats.snap.applied = true
 
-			// r.mu.lastIndex, r.mu.lastTerm and r.mu.raftLogSize were updated in
-			// applySnapshot, but we also want to make sure we reflect these changes in
-			// the local variables we're tracking here.
+			// r.mu.lastIndexNotDurable, r.mu.lastTermNotDurable and r.mu.raftLogSize
+			// were updated in applySnapshot, but we also want to make sure we reflect
+			// these changes in the local variables we're tracking here.
 			r.mu.RLock()
 			state = logstore.RaftState{
-				LastIndex: r.mu.lastIndex,
-				LastTerm:  r.mu.lastTerm,
+				LastIndex: r.mu.lastIndexNotDurable,
+				LastTerm:  r.mu.lastTermNotDurable,
 				ByteSize:  r.mu.raftLogSize,
 			}
 			r.mu.RUnlock()
@@ -946,8 +946,8 @@ func (r *Replica) handleRaftReadyRaftMuLocked(
 	// leader ID.
 	r.mu.Lock()
 	// TODO(pavelkalinnikov): put logstore.RaftState to r.mu directly.
-	r.mu.lastIndex = state.LastIndex
-	r.mu.lastTerm = state.LastTerm
+	r.mu.lastIndexNotDurable = state.LastIndex
+	r.mu.lastTermNotDurable = state.LastTerm
 	r.mu.raftLogSize = state.ByteSize
 	var becameLeader bool
 	if r.mu.leaderID != leaderID {
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raftstorage.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raftstorage.go
index 22cef1a6f55d..40a78cf4bb4a 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raftstorage.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raftstorage.go
@@ -111,19 +111,19 @@ func (r *Replica) raftEntriesLocked(lo, hi, maxBytes uint64) ([]raftpb.Entry, er
 	return (*replicaRaftStorage)(r).Entries(lo, hi, maxBytes)
 }
 
-// invalidLastTerm is an out-of-band value for r.mu.lastTerm that
-// invalidates lastTerm caching and forces retrieval of Term(lastTerm)
-// from the raftEntryCache/RocksDB.
+// invalidLastTerm is an out-of-band value for r.mu.lastTermNotDurable that
+// invalidates lastTermNotDurable caching and forces retrieval of
+// Term(lastIndexNotDurable) from the raftEntryCache/Pebble.
 const invalidLastTerm = 0
 
 // Term implements the raft.Storage interface.
 // Term requires that r.mu is held for writing because it requires exclusive
 // access to r.mu.stateLoader.
 func (r *replicaRaftStorage) Term(i uint64) (uint64, error) {
-	// TODO(nvanbenschoten): should we set r.mu.lastTerm when
-	//   r.mu.lastIndex == i && r.mu.lastTerm == invalidLastTerm?
-	if r.mu.lastIndex == i && r.mu.lastTerm != invalidLastTerm {
-		return r.mu.lastTerm, nil
+	// TODO(nvanbenschoten): should we set r.mu.lastTermNotDurable when
+	//   r.mu.lastIndexNotDurable == i && r.mu.lastTermNotDurable == invalidLastTerm?
+	if r.mu.lastIndexNotDurable == i && r.mu.lastTermNotDurable != invalidLastTerm {
+		return r.mu.lastTermNotDurable, nil
 	}
 	ctx := r.AnnotateCtx(context.TODO())
 	return logstore.LoadTerm(ctx, r.mu.stateLoader.StateLoader, r.store.Engine(), r.RangeID,
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ func (r *Replica) GetTerm(i uint64) (uint64, error) {
 
 // raftLastIndexRLocked requires that r.mu is held for reading.
 func (r *Replica) raftLastIndexRLocked() uint64 {
-	return r.mu.lastIndex
+	return r.mu.lastIndexNotDurable
 }
 
 // LastIndex implements the raft.Storage interface.
@@ -731,13 +731,13 @@ func (r *Replica) applySnapshot(
 	// performance implications are not likely to be drastic. If our
 	// feelings about this ever change, we can add a LastIndex field to
 	// raftpb.SnapshotMetadata.
-	r.mu.lastIndex = state.RaftAppliedIndex
+	r.mu.lastIndexNotDurable = state.RaftAppliedIndex
 
 	// TODO(sumeer): We should be able to set this to
 	// nonemptySnap.Metadata.Term. See
 	// https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pull/75675#pullrequestreview-867926687
 	// for a discussion regarding this.
-	r.mu.lastTerm = invalidLastTerm
+	r.mu.lastTermNotDurable = invalidLastTerm
 	r.mu.raftLogSize = 0
 	// Update the store stats for the data in the snapshot.
 	r.store.metrics.subtractMVCCStats(ctx, r.tenantMetricsRef, *r.mu.state.Stats)
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_sideload_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_sideload_test.go
index 74501c638a78..19633d18dd8d 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_sideload_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_sideload_test.go
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ func TestRaftSSTableSideloading(t *testing.T) {
 
 	rsl := logstore.NewStateLoader(tc.repl.RangeID)
 	lo := tc.repl.mu.state.TruncatedState.Index + 1
-	hi := tc.repl.mu.lastIndex + 1
+	hi := tc.repl.mu.lastIndexNotDurable + 1
 
 	tc.store.raftEntryCache.Clear(tc.repl.RangeID, hi)
 	ents, err := logstore.LoadEntries(