diff --git a/test/framework/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/telemetry/RecordingInstruments.java b/test/framework/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/telemetry/RecordingInstruments.java
index 35417c16e7e1c..49e667bb74e5b 100644
--- a/test/framework/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/telemetry/RecordingInstruments.java
+++ b/test/framework/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/telemetry/RecordingInstruments.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 import org.elasticsearch.telemetry.metric.LongUpDownCounter;
 import org.elasticsearch.telemetry.metric.LongWithAttributes;
 
+import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ public String getName() {
         }
     }
 
-    protected interface NumberWithAttributesObserver extends Supplier<Tuple<Number, Map<String, Object>>> {
+    protected interface NumberWithAttributesObserver extends Supplier<Collection<Tuple<Number, Map<String, Object>>>> {
 
     }
 
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ public void run() {
                     return;
                 }
                 var observation = observer.get();
-                call(observation.v1(), observation.v2());
+                observation.forEach(o -> call(o.v1(), o.v2()));
             }
         }
 
@@ -109,10 +110,10 @@ public void incrementBy(double inc, Map<String, Object> attributes) {
     }
 
     public static class RecordingDoubleGauge extends CallbackRecordingInstrument implements DoubleGauge {
-        public RecordingDoubleGauge(String name, Supplier<DoubleWithAttributes> observer, MetricRecorder<Instrument> recorder) {
+        public RecordingDoubleGauge(String name, Supplier<Collection<DoubleWithAttributes>> observer, MetricRecorder<Instrument> recorder) {
             super(name, () -> {
                 var observation = observer.get();
-                return new Tuple<>(observation.value(), observation.attributes());
+                return observation.stream().map(o -> new Tuple<>((Number) o.value(), o.attributes())).toList();
             }, recorder);
         }
     }
@@ -172,10 +173,14 @@ public void incrementBy(long inc, Map<String, Object> attributes) {
 
     public static class RecordingAsyncLongCounter extends CallbackRecordingInstrument implements LongAsyncCounter {
 
-        public RecordingAsyncLongCounter(String name, Supplier<LongWithAttributes> observer, MetricRecorder<Instrument> recorder) {
+        public RecordingAsyncLongCounter(
+            String name,
+            Supplier<Collection<LongWithAttributes>> observer,
+            MetricRecorder<Instrument> recorder
+        ) {
             super(name, () -> {
                 var observation = observer.get();
-                return new Tuple<>(observation.value(), observation.attributes());
+                return observation.stream().map(o -> new Tuple<>((Number) o.value(), o.attributes())).toList();
             }, recorder);
         }
 
@@ -183,10 +188,14 @@ public RecordingAsyncLongCounter(String name, Supplier<LongWithAttributes> obser
 
     public static class RecordingAsyncDoubleCounter extends CallbackRecordingInstrument implements DoubleAsyncCounter {
 
-        public RecordingAsyncDoubleCounter(String name, Supplier<DoubleWithAttributes> observer, MetricRecorder<Instrument> recorder) {
+        public RecordingAsyncDoubleCounter(
+            String name,
+            Supplier<Collection<DoubleWithAttributes>> observer,
+            MetricRecorder<Instrument> recorder
+        ) {
             super(name, () -> {
                 var observation = observer.get();
-                return new Tuple<>(observation.value(), observation.attributes());
+                return observation.stream().map(o -> new Tuple<>((Number) o.value(), o.attributes())).toList();
             }, recorder);
         }
 
@@ -194,10 +203,10 @@ public RecordingAsyncDoubleCounter(String name, Supplier<DoubleWithAttributes> o
 
     public static class RecordingLongGauge extends CallbackRecordingInstrument implements LongGauge {
 
-        public RecordingLongGauge(String name, Supplier<LongWithAttributes> observer, MetricRecorder<Instrument> recorder) {
+        public RecordingLongGauge(String name, Supplier<Collection<LongWithAttributes>> observer, MetricRecorder<Instrument> recorder) {
             super(name, () -> {
                 var observation = observer.get();
-                return new Tuple<>(observation.value(), observation.attributes());
+                return observation.stream().map(o -> new Tuple<>((Number) o.value(), o.attributes())).toList();
             }, recorder);
         }
     }
diff --git a/test/framework/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/telemetry/RecordingMeterRegistry.java b/test/framework/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/telemetry/RecordingMeterRegistry.java
index 97fe0ad1370ef..392445aa77a8f 100644
--- a/test/framework/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/telemetry/RecordingMeterRegistry.java
+++ b/test/framework/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/telemetry/RecordingMeterRegistry.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 import org.elasticsearch.telemetry.metric.MeterRegistry;
 
 import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
 /**
@@ -72,9 +73,7 @@ protected DoubleUpDownCounter buildDoubleUpDownCounter(String name, String descr
 
     @Override
     public DoubleGauge registerDoubleGauge(String name, String description, String unit, Supplier<DoubleWithAttributes> observer) {
-        DoubleGauge instrument = buildDoubleGauge(name, description, unit, observer);
-        recorder.register(instrument, InstrumentType.fromInstrument(instrument), name, description, unit);
-        return instrument;
+        return registerDoublesGauge(name, description, unit, () -> Collections.singleton(observer.get()));
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -84,7 +83,9 @@ public DoubleGauge registerDoublesGauge(
         String unit,
         Supplier<Collection<DoubleWithAttributes>> observer
     ) {
-        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("not implemented");
+        DoubleGauge instrument = buildDoubleGauge(name, description, unit, observer);
+        recorder.register(instrument, InstrumentType.fromInstrument(instrument), name, description, unit);
+        return instrument;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -92,7 +93,12 @@ public DoubleGauge getDoubleGauge(String name) {
         return (DoubleGauge) recorder.getInstrument(InstrumentType.DOUBLE_GAUGE, name);
     }
 
-    protected DoubleGauge buildDoubleGauge(String name, String description, String unit, Supplier<DoubleWithAttributes> observer) {
+    protected DoubleGauge buildDoubleGauge(
+        String name,
+        String description,
+        String unit,
+        Supplier<Collection<DoubleWithAttributes>> observer
+    ) {
         return new RecordingInstruments.RecordingDoubleGauge(name, observer, recorder);
     }
 
@@ -121,9 +127,7 @@ public LongCounter registerLongCounter(String name, String description, String u
 
     @Override
     public LongAsyncCounter registerLongAsyncCounter(String name, String description, String unit, Supplier<LongWithAttributes> observer) {
-        LongAsyncCounter instrument = new RecordingInstruments.RecordingAsyncLongCounter(name, observer, recorder);
-        recorder.register(instrument, InstrumentType.fromInstrument(instrument), name, description, unit);
-        return instrument;
+        return registerLongsAsyncCounter(name, description, unit, () -> Collections.singleton(observer.get()));
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -133,7 +137,9 @@ public LongAsyncCounter registerLongsAsyncCounter(
         String unit,
         Supplier<Collection<LongWithAttributes>> observer
     ) {
-        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("not implemented");
+        LongAsyncCounter instrument = new RecordingInstruments.RecordingAsyncLongCounter(name, observer, recorder);
+        recorder.register(instrument, InstrumentType.fromInstrument(instrument), name, description, unit);
+        return instrument;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -148,9 +154,7 @@ public DoubleAsyncCounter registerDoubleAsyncCounter(
         String unit,
         Supplier<DoubleWithAttributes> observer
     ) {
-        DoubleAsyncCounter instrument = new RecordingInstruments.RecordingAsyncDoubleCounter(name, observer, recorder);
-        recorder.register(instrument, InstrumentType.fromInstrument(instrument), name, description, unit);
-        return instrument;
+        return registerDoublesAsyncCounter(name, description, unit, () -> Collections.singleton(observer.get()));
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -160,7 +164,9 @@ public DoubleAsyncCounter registerDoublesAsyncCounter(
         String unit,
         Supplier<Collection<DoubleWithAttributes>> observer
     ) {
-        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("not implemented");
+        DoubleAsyncCounter instrument = new RecordingInstruments.RecordingAsyncDoubleCounter(name, observer, recorder);
+        recorder.register(instrument, InstrumentType.fromInstrument(instrument), name, description, unit);
+        return instrument;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -196,14 +202,14 @@ protected LongUpDownCounter buildLongUpDownCounter(String name, String descripti
 
     @Override
     public LongGauge registerLongGauge(String name, String description, String unit, Supplier<LongWithAttributes> observer) {
-        LongGauge instrument = buildLongGauge(name, description, unit, observer);
-        recorder.register(instrument, InstrumentType.fromInstrument(instrument), name, description, unit);
-        return instrument;
+        return registerLongsGauge(name, description, unit, () -> Collections.singleton(observer.get()));
     }
 
     @Override
     public LongGauge registerLongsGauge(String name, String description, String unit, Supplier<Collection<LongWithAttributes>> observer) {
-        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("not implemented");
+        LongGauge instrument = buildLongGauge(name, description, unit, observer);
+        recorder.register(instrument, InstrumentType.fromInstrument(instrument), name, description, unit);
+        return instrument;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -211,7 +217,7 @@ public LongGauge getLongGauge(String name) {
         return (LongGauge) recorder.getInstrument(InstrumentType.LONG_GAUGE, name);
     }
 
-    protected LongGauge buildLongGauge(String name, String description, String unit, Supplier<LongWithAttributes> observer) {
+    protected LongGauge buildLongGauge(String name, String description, String unit, Supplier<Collection<LongWithAttributes>> observer) {
         return new RecordingInstruments.RecordingLongGauge(name, observer, recorder);
     }