From 5f05975677e3593647f82b6083787d88f76b6fa7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pieter Wuille <pieter.wuille@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 18 Oct 2015 03:58:23 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Faster secp256k1_rand_int implementation

---
 src/testrand_impl.h | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/testrand_impl.h b/src/testrand_impl.h
index 057dc5408a..d45d2400cc 100644
--- a/src/testrand_impl.h
+++ b/src/testrand_impl.h
@@ -45,19 +45,40 @@ static uint32_t secp256k1_rand_bits(int bits) {
 }
 
 static uint32_t secp256k1_rand_int(uint32_t range) {
+    /* We want a uniform integer between 0 and range-1, inclusive.
+     * B is the smallest number such that range <= 2**B.
+     * two mechanisms implemented here:
+     * - generate B bits numbers until one below range is found, and return it
+     * - find the largest multiple M of range that is <= 2**(B+A), generate B+A
+     *   bits numbers until one below M is found, and return it modulo range
+     * The second mechanism consumes A more bits of entropy in every iteration,
+     * but may need fewer iterations due to M being closer to 2**(B+A) then 
+     * range is to 2**B. The array below (indexed by B) contains a 0 when the
+     * first mechanism is to be used, and the number A otherwise.
+     */
+    static const int addbits[] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 1, 0};
+    uint32_t trange, mult;
     int bits = 0;
-    uint32_t ret = range - 1;
     if (range <= 1) {
         return 0;
     }
-    while (ret > 0) {
-        ret >>= 1;
+    trange = range - 1;
+    while (trange > 0) {
+        trange >>= 1;
         bits++;
     }
-    while (1) {
-        ret = secp256k1_rand_bits(bits);
-        if (ret < range) {
-            return ret;
+    if (addbits[bits]) {
+        bits = bits + addbits[bits];
+        mult = ((~((uint32_t)0)) >> (32 - bits)) / range;
+        trange = range * mult;
+    } else {
+        trange = range;
+        mult = 1;
+    }
+    while(1) {
+        uint32_t x = secp256k1_rand_bits(bits);
+        if (x < trange) {
+            return (mult == 1) ? x : (x % range);
         }
     }
 }