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О различных температурных шкалах

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Bankn8II©$A edited this page Feb 15, 2024 · 2 revisions
<html> &lt;body&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;page&#45;header&quot;&gt; &#45;&#45;   &#124; &lt;h1&gt;   &#124; О различных температурных шкалах &lt;/h1&gt;   &#124; &lt;/div&gt;   &#124;     &#124;     &#124;     &#124;     &#124;     &#124; &lt;div&gt;   &#124; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;История&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;p style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Слово «температура» возникло в те времена, когда люди считали, что в более нагретых телах содержится большее количество особого вещества — теплорода, чем в менее нагретых. Поэтому температура воспринималась как крепость смеси вещества тела и теплорода. По этой причине единицы измерения крепости спиртных напитков и температуры называются одинаково — градусами. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;p style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Из того, что температура &#45; это кинетическая энергия молекул, ясно, что наиболее естественно измерять её в энергетических единицах (т.е. в системе СИ в джоулях). Однако измерение температуры началось задолго до создания молекулярно&#45;кинетической теории, поэтому практические шкалы измеряют температуру в условных единицах — градусах.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;h3 style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; margin: auto 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a title=&quot;.D0.A8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B0_.D0.9A.D0&quot; name=&quot;.D0.A8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B0_.D0.9A.D0&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw&#45;headline&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Шкала Кельвина&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;   &#124; &lt;p style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;В термодинамике используется шкала Кельвина, в которой температура отсчитывается от абсолютного нуля (состояние, соответствующее минимальной теоретически возможной внутренней энергии тела), а один кельвин равен 1/273.16 расстояния от абсолютного нуля до тройной точки воды (состояния, при котором лёд, вода и водяной пар находятся в равновесии). Для пересчета кельвинов в энергетические единицы служит постоянная Больцмана. Используются также производные единицы: килокельвин, мегакельвин, милликельвин и т.д.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;h3 style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; margin: auto 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a title=&quot;.D0.A8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B0_.D0.A6.D0&quot; name=&quot;.D0.A8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B0_.D0.A6.D0&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw&#45;headline&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Шкала Цельсия&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;   &#124; &lt;p style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;В быту используется шкала Цельсия, в которой за 0 принимают точку замерзания воды, а за 100° точку кипения воды при атмосферном давлении. Поскольку температура замерзания и кипения воды недостаточно хорошо определена, в настоящее время шкалу Цельсия определяют через шкалу Кельвина: градус Цельсия равен кельвину, абсолютный ноль принимается за −273,15 °C. Шкала Цельсия практически очень удобна, поскольку вода очень распространена на нашей планете и на ней основана наша жизнь. Ноль Цельсия — особая точка для &lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext;&quot;&gt;метеорологии&lt;/span&gt;, поскольку замерзание атмосферной воды существенно всё меняет.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;h3 style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; margin: auto 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a title=&quot;.D0.A8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B0_.D0.A4.D0&quot; name=&quot;.D0.A8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B0_.D0.A4.D0&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw&#45;headline&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Шкала Фаренгейта&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;   &#124; &lt;p style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;В Англии и, в особенности, в США используется шкала Фаренгейта. В этой шкале на 100 градусов раздёлен интервал от температуры самой холодной зимы в городе, где жил Фаренгейт, до температуры человеческого тела. Ноль градусов Цельсия — это 32 градуса Фаренгейта, а градус Фаренгейта равен 5/9 градуса Цельсия.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;p style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;В настоящее время принято следующее определение шкалы Фаренгейта: это температурная шкала, 1 градус которой (1 °F) равен 1/180 разности температур кипения воды и таяния льда при атмосферном давлении, а точка таяния льда имеет температуру +32 °F. Температура по шкале Фаренгейта связана с температурой по шкале Цельсия (t °С) соотношением t °С = 5/9 (t °F &#45; 32), то есть изменение температуры на 1 °F соответствует изменению на 5/9 °С. Предложена Г. Фаренгейтом в 1724.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;h3 style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; margin: auto 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a title=&quot;.D0.A8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B0_.D0.A0.D0&quot; name=&quot;.D0.A8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B0_.D0.A0.D0&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw&#45;headline&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Шкала Реомюра&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;   &#124; &lt;p style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Предложенна в 1730 году Р. А. Реомюром, который описал изобретённый им спиртовой термометр.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;p style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Единица — градус Реомюра (°R), 1 °R равен 1/80 части температурного интервала между опорными точками — температурой таяния льда (0 °R) и кипения воды (80 °R)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;p style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;1 °R = 1,25 °C.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;p style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;В настоящее время шкала вышла из употребления, дольше всего она сохранялась во Франции, на родине автора.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;h2 style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; margin: 12pt 0cm 3pt; text&#45;align: center;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;a title=&quot;.D0.9F.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B5.D1.85.D0.BE.D0.&quot; name=&quot;.D0.9F.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B5.D1.85.D0.BE.D0.&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;   &#124; &lt;div&gt;   &#124; &lt;table class=&quot;MsoNormalTable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;tbody&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: center;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Пересчёт температуры между основными шкалами&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Кельвин&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Цельсий&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Фаренгейт&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Кельвин (K)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;= K&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;= С + 273,15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;= (F + 459,67) / 1,8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Цельсий (°C)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;= K − 273,15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;= C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;= (F − 32) / 1,8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Фаренгейт (°F)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;= K · 1,8 − 459,67&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;= C · 1,8 + 32&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.2pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: medium none #ece9d8;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;= F&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tbody&gt;   &#124; &lt;/table&gt;   &#124; &lt;/div&gt;   &#124; &lt;p style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a title=&quot;.D0.A1.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.&quot; name=&quot;.D0.A1.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw&#45;headline&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Сравнение температурных шкал&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;table class=&quot;MsoNormalTable&quot; style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f9f9f9; margin: auto auto auto 0.5pt; width: 709px; height: 396px; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;tbody&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #eeeeff; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Описание&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #eeeeff; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Кельвин&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #eeeeff; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Цельсий &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #eeeeff; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Фаренгейт&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #eeeeff; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ньютон&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #eeeeff; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Реомюр&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Абсолютный ноль&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;−273.15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;−459.67&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;−90.14&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;−218.52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Температура таяния смеси Фаренгейта (соли и льда в равных количествах)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;255.37&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;−17.78&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;−5.87&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;−14.22&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;family: Geneva, Arial, sans&#45;serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Температура замерзания воды (нормальные условия)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;273.15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;32&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;family: Geneva, Arial, sans&#45;serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Средняя температура человеческого тела&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;¹&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;310.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;36.8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;98.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;12.21&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;29.6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;family: Geneva, Arial, sans&#45;serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Температура кипения воды (нормальные условия)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;373.15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;212&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;33&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;family: Geneva, Arial, sans&#45;serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;family: Geneva, Arial, sans&#45;serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Температура поверхности Солнца&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;5800&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;5526&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;9980&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;1823&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 2.4pt; background&#45;color: transparent; border: 1pt solid #aaaaaa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 12pt 0cm; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;4421&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tbody&gt;   &#124; &lt;/table&gt;   &#124; &lt;p style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #f8fcff; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;¹ Нормальная температура человеческого тела — 36.6 °C ±0.7 °C, или 98.2 °F ±1.3 °F. Приводимое обычно значение 98.6 °F &#45; это точное преобразование в шкалу Фаренгейта принятого в Германии в XIX веке значения 37 °C. Поскольку это значение не входит в диапазон нормальной температуры по современным представлениям, можно говорить, что оно содержит избыточную (неверную) точность. Некоторые значения в этой таблице были округлены.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: center;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Сопоставление шкал Фаренгейта и Цельсия&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: center;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;(&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;F&lt;/strong&gt; &#45; шкала Фаренгейта, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C&lt;/strong&gt; &#45; шкала Цельсия)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: center;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;div&gt;   &#124; &lt;table class=&quot;MsoNormalTable&quot; style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white; border&#45;collapse: collapse; border: medium none &#45;moz&#45;use&#45;text&#45;color;&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;tbody&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #cccccc; border: 1pt inset #cccccc;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;F&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: inset inset inset none; border&#45;color: #cccccc #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #cccccc;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: inset inset inset none; border&#45;color: #cccccc #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #cccccc;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: inset inset inset none; border&#45;color: #cccccc #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #cccccc;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; 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font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: medium 1pt 1pt; border&#45;style: none inset inset; border&#45;color: #ece9d8 #cccccc #cccccc; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #fafafa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&#45;459.67&lt;br /&gt;&#45;450&lt;br /&gt;&#45;400&lt;br /&gt;&#45;350&lt;br /&gt;&#45;300&lt;br /&gt;&#45;250&lt;br /&gt;&#45;200&lt;br /&gt;&#45;190&lt;br /&gt;&#45;180&lt;br /&gt;&#45;170&lt;br /&gt;&#45;160&lt;br /&gt;&#45;150&lt;br /&gt;&#45;140&lt;br /&gt;&#45;130&lt;br /&gt;&#45;120&lt;br /&gt;&#45;110&lt;br /&gt;&#45;100&lt;br /&gt;&#45;95&lt;br /&gt;&#45;90&lt;br /&gt;&#45;85&lt;br /&gt;&#45;80&lt;br /&gt;&#45;75&lt;br /&gt;&#45;70&lt;br /&gt;&#45;65 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: none inset inset none; border&#45;color: #ece9d8 #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #fafafa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&#45;273.15&lt;br /&gt;&#45;267.8&lt;br /&gt;&#45;240.0&lt;br /&gt;&#45;212.2&lt;br /&gt;&#45;184.4&lt;br /&gt;&#45;156.7&lt;br /&gt;&#45;128.9&lt;br /&gt;&#45;123.3&lt;br /&gt;&#45;117.8&lt;br /&gt;&#45;112.2&lt;br /&gt;&#45;106.7&lt;br /&gt;&#45;101.1&lt;br /&gt;&#45;95.6&lt;br /&gt;&#45;90.0&lt;br /&gt;&#45;84.4&lt;br /&gt;&#45;78.9&lt;br /&gt;&#45;73.3&lt;br /&gt;&#45;70.6&lt;br /&gt;&#45;67.8&lt;br /&gt;&#45;65.0&lt;br /&gt;&#45;62.2&lt;br /&gt;&#45;59.4&lt;br /&gt;&#45;56.7&lt;br /&gt;&#45;53.9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: none inset inset none; border&#45;color: #ece9d8 #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #fafafa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: none inset inset none; border&#45;color: #ece9d8 #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #fafafa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&#45;60&lt;br /&gt;&#45;55&lt;br /&gt;&#45;50&lt;br /&gt;&#45;45&lt;br /&gt;&#45;40&lt;br /&gt;&#45;35&lt;br /&gt;&#45;30&lt;br /&gt;&#45;25&lt;br /&gt;&#45;20&lt;br /&gt;&#45;19&lt;br /&gt;&#45;18&lt;br /&gt;&#45;17&lt;br /&gt;&#45;16&lt;br /&gt;&#45;15&lt;br /&gt;&#45;14&lt;br /&gt;&#45;13&lt;br /&gt;&#45;12&lt;br /&gt;&#45;11&lt;br /&gt;&#45;10&lt;br /&gt;&#45;9&lt;br /&gt;&#45;8&lt;br /&gt;&#45;7&lt;br /&gt;&#45;6&lt;br /&gt;&#45;5 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: none inset inset none; border&#45;color: #ece9d8 #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #fafafa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&#45;51.1&lt;br /&gt;&#45;48.3&lt;br /&gt;&#45;45.6&lt;br /&gt;&#45;42.8&lt;br /&gt;&#45;40.0&lt;br /&gt;&#45;37.2&lt;br /&gt;&#45;34.4&lt;br /&gt;&#45;31.7&lt;br /&gt;&#45;28.9&lt;br /&gt;&#45;28.3&lt;br /&gt;&#45;27.8&lt;br /&gt;&#45;27.2&lt;br /&gt;&#45;26.7&lt;br /&gt;&#45;26.1&lt;br /&gt;&#45;25.6&lt;br /&gt;&#45;25.0&lt;br /&gt;&#45;24.4&lt;br /&gt;&#45;23.9&lt;br /&gt;&#45;23.3&lt;br /&gt;&#45;22.8&lt;br /&gt;&#45;22.2&lt;br /&gt;&#45;21.7&lt;br /&gt;&#45;21.1&lt;br /&gt;&#45;20.6 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: none inset inset none; border&#45;color: #ece9d8 #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #fafafa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: none inset inset none; border&#45;color: #ece9d8 #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #fafafa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&#45;4&lt;br /&gt;&#45;3&lt;br /&gt;&#45;2&lt;br /&gt;&#45;1&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1&lt;br /&gt;2&lt;br /&gt;3&lt;br /&gt;4&lt;br /&gt;5&lt;br /&gt;6&lt;br /&gt;7&lt;br /&gt;8&lt;br /&gt;9&lt;br /&gt;10&lt;br /&gt;11&lt;br /&gt;12&lt;br /&gt;13&lt;br /&gt;14&lt;br /&gt;15&lt;br /&gt;16&lt;br /&gt;17&lt;br /&gt;18&lt;br /&gt;19 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: none inset inset none; border&#45;color: #ece9d8 #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #fafafa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&#45;20.0&lt;br /&gt;&#45;19.4&lt;br /&gt;&#45;18.9&lt;br /&gt;&#45;18.3&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&#45;17.8&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#45;17.2&lt;br /&gt;&#45;16.7&lt;br /&gt;&#45;16.1&lt;br /&gt;&#45;15.6&lt;br /&gt;&#45;15.0&lt;br /&gt;&#45;14.4&lt;br /&gt;&#45;13.9&lt;br /&gt;&#45;13.3&lt;br /&gt;&#45;12.8&lt;br /&gt;&#45;12.2&lt;br /&gt;&#45;11.7&lt;br /&gt;&#45;11.1&lt;br /&gt;&#45;10.6&lt;br /&gt;&#45;10.0&lt;br /&gt;&#45;9.4&lt;br /&gt;&#45;8.9&lt;br /&gt;&#45;8.3&lt;br /&gt;&#45;7.8&lt;br /&gt;&#45;7.2 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: none inset inset none; border&#45;color: #ece9d8 #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #fafafa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: none inset inset none; border&#45;color: #ece9d8 #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #fafafa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;20&lt;br /&gt;21&lt;br /&gt;22&lt;br /&gt;23&lt;br /&gt;24&lt;br /&gt;25&lt;br /&gt;30&lt;br /&gt;35&lt;br /&gt;40&lt;br /&gt;45&lt;br /&gt;50&lt;br /&gt;55&lt;br /&gt;60&lt;br /&gt;65&lt;br /&gt;70&lt;br /&gt;75&lt;br /&gt;80&lt;br /&gt;85&lt;br /&gt;90&lt;br /&gt;95&lt;br /&gt;100&lt;br /&gt;125&lt;br /&gt;150&lt;br /&gt;200 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 1.8pt; border&#45;width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; border&#45;style: none inset inset none; border&#45;color: #ece9d8 #cccccc #cccccc #ece9d8; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% #fafafa;&quot;&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;&#45;6.7&lt;br /&gt;&#45;6.1&lt;br /&gt;&#45;5.6&lt;br /&gt;&#45;5.0&lt;br /&gt;&#45;4.4&lt;br /&gt;&#45;3.9&lt;br /&gt;&#45;1.1&lt;br /&gt;1.7&lt;br /&gt;4.4&lt;br /&gt;7.2&lt;br /&gt;10.0&lt;br /&gt;12.8&lt;br /&gt;15.6&lt;br /&gt;18.3&lt;br /&gt;21.1&lt;br /&gt;23.9&lt;br /&gt;26.7&lt;br /&gt;29.4&lt;br /&gt;32.2&lt;br /&gt;35.0&lt;br /&gt;37.8&lt;br /&gt;51.7&lt;br /&gt;65.6&lt;br /&gt;93.3 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;/td&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tr&gt;   &#124; &lt;/tbody&gt;   &#124; &lt;/table&gt;   &#124; &lt;/div&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font&#45;size: 10pt; font&#45;family: Arial;&quot;&gt;Для перевода градусов цельсия в кельвины необходимо пользоваться формулой &lt;strong&gt;T=t+T&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; где T&#45; температура в кельвинах, t&#45; температура в градусах цельсия, T&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;=273.15 кельвина. По размеру градус Цельсия равен Кельвину.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &#124; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text&#45;align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/body&gt; </html>
  1. Outer Circle Внешнее КоЛЬцо ჹარეgun წრე 'g'არეგანული, გარეწრიული'
SI base units
Symbol Name Quantity
s second time
m metre length
kg kilogram mass
A ampere electric current
K kelvin thermodynamic temperature
mol mole amount of substance
cd candela luminous intensity

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Базовые единицы СИ
Символ Имя Количество
c секунда время
м метр длина
кг килограмм масса
Аh ампер электрический ток
К кельвин термодинамическая температура
mიл моль количество вещества
cД кандела сила света
Größe Einheit Einheiten-
zeichen 		in anderen
SI-Einheiten
ausgedrückt 		in SI-Basis-
Einheiten
ausgedrückt
ebener Winkel Radiant rad m/m 1
Raumwinkel Steradiant sr m2/m2 1
Frequenz Hertz Hz s−1
Kraft Newton N J/m kg  m  s−2
Druck Pascal Pa N/m2 kg  m−1  s−2
Energie, Arbeit, Wärmemenge Joule J N  m; W  s kg  m2  s−2
Leistung Watt W J/s; V  A kg  m2  s−3
elektrische Ladung Coulomb C A  s
elektrische Spannung Volt V W/A; J/C kg  m2  s−3  A−1
elektrische Kapazität Farad F C/V kg−1  m−2  s4  A2
elektrischer Widerstand Ohm Ω V/A kg  m2  s−3  A−2
elektrischer Leitwert Siemens S A/V kg−1  m−2  s3  A2
magnetischer Fluss Weber Wb V  s kg  m2  s−2  A−1
magnetische Flussdichte Tesla T Wb/m2 kg  s−2  A−1
Induktivität Henry H Wb/A kg  m2  s−2  A−2
Celsius-Temperatur Grad Celsius °C K
Lichtstrom Lumen lm cd  sr cd
Beleuchtungsstärke Lux lx lm/m2 cd  m−2
Radioaktivität Becquerel Bq s−1
Energiedosis Gray Gy J/kg m2  s−2
Äquivalentdosis Sievert Sv J/kg m2  s−2
katalytische Aktivität Katal kat mol  s−1

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