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Astronaut Training Program

History of the Human Spaceflight Programs

  • Pioneers of Rocket Science and Space Exploration

  • First Space Flights

    • First Unmanned Space Flight
    • First Animal Space Flight
    • First Human Space Flight
  • Brief history of NASA Space Programs

    • Mercury Program
    • Gemini Program
    • Apollo Program
    • Skylab Program
    • Space Shuttle Program
  • USSR and Russian Federation Space Program

    • Vostok Program
    • Soyuz Program
    • Lunar Program
    • Salyut Program
    • Intercosmos Program and General Hermaszewski's Space Flight
    • MIR Space Station

Astronaut Selection Process

  • Selection Process Roadmap

  • Astronaut Selection Criteria

    • Psychological Condition
    • Physical Condition
    • Medical Condition
    • Technical and Science Skills Criteria
    • Pilot Experience Criteria
  • Astronaut Selection in the Government Agencies

    • NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration (USA)
    • Roscosmos (Russian Federation)
    • ESA - European Space Agency
    • JAXA - Japanese Astronautics and Space Exploration Agency
    • CNSA - China People Republic Space Agency
    • CSA - Canadian Space Agency

Astronaut Candidate Theoretical Education

  • Basic Training Course

  • Foreign Language and Culture Learning

    • Russian Language Learning
    • Preparation for Work in Multicultural Environment
  • Theoretical Education in Technology and Natural Sciences

  • Orbital Mechanics Education

    • Lifting to Orbit
    • Orbital Maneuvering
    • Orbital plane and inclination changes
    • Rendezvous and Docking
    • De-orbit
    • Celestial Navigation and Star Tracking
  • Non-technical Operations and Communication

    • Social Media Usage S.T.E.M. Field Advocacy
    • Public Speaking and Space Advocacy
    • Photography
    • Amateur Ham Radio

Orbital Mechanics

  • Rocket equation

  • Delta-v

  • Delta-v budget

  • Impulsive maneuvers

  • Applying a low thrust over a longer period of time

  • Assists

    • Oberth effect
    • Gravitational assist
  • Transfer orbits

    • Hohmann transfer
    • Bi-elliptic transfer
    • Low energy transfer
    • Orbital inclination change
    • Constant Thrust Trajectory
  • Rendezvous and docking

  • Orbit phasing

Trainings and Simulations

  • Medical, Physical and Psychological Preparation

    • Medical Training
    • Dental Training
    • Physical Preparation and Endurance Training
    • Psychological training for long duration society isolation
    • Leadership and Team Work Training Courses
  • Extreme Environment Survival Training

    • Winter Survival
    • Desert Survival
    • Jungle and Swamp Survival
    • Water Spacecraft Egress and Sea Survival
    • CAVES Missions
    • NEEMO Missions
    • Pangaea Missions
  • Microgravity Environment Work Simulation

    • Microgravity Simulating Devices
    • Centrifuge Training for Increased Gravitational Acceleration Endurance - High G-Forces
    • Zero-G Parabolic Flights
  • Emergency Situations

    • Water Rescue Operations
    • Emergency Launchpad Escape
    • Launch Abort Systems and Modes

ISS Systems Training

  • Modules Architecture and Traversing ISS

  • ISS Systems Usage, Maintenance and Repair

  • ISS Storage and Catalogue System for Objects and Tools

  • Radio Communication Systems

  • ISS Orbit Changes

  • Astronaut Exercise Devices

  • Toilet Usage

  • Personal Hygiene

  • Astronaut Wardrobe and Wear

  • Food Preparation

  • Trash Disposal

  • ISS Astronaut Sample Time Schedule

  • Free Time Use

  • Off-nominal ISS Situations

    • ISS Fire
    • Crew Medical Problems
    • Crew Member Death
    • ISS Depressurization
    • ISS Emergency Evacuation
    • Ammonia Leak
    • Water Treatment Problems
    • Toilet Problems
    • Problems with Air Purification and Circulation System
    • Problems with Power Generation and Electrical Systems

Robotics Systems Training

  • Canada Arm 2 Manipulator Operations

    • Spacecraft Docking
    • EVA Assist
  • Spacecraft On-orbit Capture

  • Driving Robotic Rovers on Earth from Orbit

  • Virtual Reality Devices

Space Suit Familiarization

  • General Space Suit Characteristics

    • Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment
    • Space Suit Biomedical Systems
    • Helmet
    • Torso
    • Computer
    • Arms
    • Gloves
    • Legs and Boots
    • Portable Life Support System
    • Tools Placeholders
    • Patches and Insignia
  • Space Suit List

    • IVA - Intravehicular Activity Suits
    • EVA - Extravehicular Activity Suits
  • Space Suit Characteristics

    • Sokol (IVA Space Suit)
    • Orlan MKS (EVA Space Suit)
    • ACES and MACES (IVA Space Suits)
    • EMU (EVA Space Suit)
  • Space Suit Maintenance

  • EVA Space Suit Emergency Systems

    • SAFER
  • Augmentation

Extravehicular Activity

  • Space Suit Familiarization

    • Suit Leak Check
    • Space Suit Biomedical Systems
    • Using Special Tools
    • Using EVA Aids ie. Foot Restraints, Canadarm2
  • Computer and Virtual Reality Simulations

  • Neutral Buoyancy Simulations

    • Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory - NASA
    • Neutral Buoyancy Facility - ESA
    • Hydro Lab - Roscosmos
  • Communication and Roles During EVA

    • Astronaut Roles and Duties
    • MCC Roles and Duties
    • Communication Protocol
  • Extravehicular Activity Protocol

    • Pre-EVA preparation ie. Suit Maintenance, Pre-Breathing
    • EVA and Tasks
    • Post-EVA procedures
  • Extravehicular Activity on Celestial Bodies

    • Moon Extravehicular Activity
    • Planetary Extravehicular Activity
    • Asteroid Extravehicular Activity
  • Vehicles Support

  • Non-nominal Situations

    • Space Suit Emergency Systems
    • Safety Procedures
  • Extravehicular Activity Tasks

    • Photo and Video Camera Setup
    • Flag Planting
    • Vostok and Gemini Program EVA Demonstration
    • ISS Systems Installation
    • ISS Systems Maintenance

Flight Operations

  • Navigation

  • High-Performance Jets

  • Soyuz - Avionics, Guidance and Navigation Controls

  • Off-nominal Situations

    • Decompression
    • Fire
    • Launch Escape Systems
    • Launch Abort Modes
    • Emergency De-orbit
    • Ballistic Reentry
    • Jet Aircraft Flight Operations
    • Space Debris Avoidance
    • On-orbit Collisions
    • Off-nominal Docking Situations

Mission Specific Training

  • Science, Research and Experiments in Microgravity Environment

    • Cognitive Science
    • Biological Science
    • Chemistry Research
    • Engineering and Technological Research
    • Physics Experiments
    • Medical Experiments
    • Physiological Research
    • Low Earth Orbit Exploration
  • Astronaut Specializations

    • Commander
    • Pilot
    • Payload Specialist
    • Mission Specialist
    • Flight Engineer
    • Science Officer
    • Spaceflight Participants
    • Flight Surgeon
    • Educator Mission Specialist
  • Pre-flight Traditions

  • Pre-flight Medical Examinations

Space Tourist Training

  • Space Tourism Definition

    • Stratospheric Flights
    • Sub-Orbital Flights
    • Orbital Flights
  • Commercial Companies Offering Space Travel

    • Space Adventures
    • Virgin Galactic
    • Blue Origin
    • Bigelow Aerospace
  • To-date Space Tourists

    • Space Tourists List
    • Application Process and Selection Criteria
    • Training Process for the Space Tourist Candidates
    • Space Tourist Tasks on ISS
  • Private Organizations and Commercial Programs

    • HE Space Operations
  • Commercial Crew Transport Program

    • Boeing
    • SpaceX
    • Orbital ATK
    • Sierra Nevada Corporation

Return to Earth

  • Return to Earth Preparation

    • Undocking
    • Orbit Lowering
    • De-orbit Burn
  • Reentry and Soyuz Spacecraft Landing

    • Nominal Atmospheric Reentry
    • Ballistic Curve Atmospheric Reentry
    • 'Soft' Landing
  • Things that Astronauts Do After Landing

    • Medical Examinations - Sight, Cardiovascular, Musculoskeletal
    • Physical Examinations
    • Dexterity Requiring Tasks - Outpost Construction

Astronaut Ground Operations

  • New Equipment Testing
  • Help with Training New Astronauts
  • Astronaut Selection Committee
  • Analog Missions
  • Working in the Simulators to Fix Problems on Orbit
  • Working as a CapCom
  • S.T.E.M. and Space Advocacy
  • Mercury, Gemini, Apollo and Apollo Application Era Astronauts Tasks