[pylint] - Implement non-ascii-module-import (C2403) (#8056)

## Summary

Adds [`non-ascii-module-import` /
`C2403`](https://pylint.pycqa.org/en/latest/user_guide/messages/convention/non-ascii-module-import.html)

See #970

## Test Plan

`cargo test` and manually

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/pylint/non_ascii_module_import.py

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from os.path import join as łos  # Error
+from os.path import join as los  # OK
+
+import os.path.join as łos  # Error
+import os.path.join as los  # OK
+
+import os.path.łos  # Error (recommend an ASCII alias)
+import os.path.los  # OK
+
+from os.path import łos  # Error (recommend an ASCII alias)
+from os.path import los  # OK
+
+from os.path.łos import foo  # OK
+from os.path.los import foo  # OK
+
+from os.path import łos as foo  # OK
+from os.path import los as foo  # OK

crates/ruff_linter/src/checkers/ast/analyze/statement.rs

@@ -547,6 +547,9 @@ pub(crate) fn statement(stmt: &Stmt, checker: &mut Checker) {
             }
 
             for alias in names {
+                if checker.enabled(Rule::NonAsciiImportName) {
+                    pylint::rules::non_ascii_module_import(checker, alias);
+                }
                 if let Some(asname) = &alias.asname {
                     if checker.enabled(Rule::BuiltinVariableShadowing) {
                         flake8_builtins::rules::builtin_variable_shadowing(
@@ -698,8 +701,8 @@ pub(crate) fn statement(stmt: &Stmt, checker: &mut Checker) {
                 range: _,
             },
         ) => {
-            let module = module.as_deref();
             let level = *level;
+            let module = module.as_deref();
             if checker.enabled(Rule::ModuleImportNotAtTopOfFile) {
                 pycodestyle::rules::module_import_not_at_top_of_file(checker, stmt);
             }
@@ -712,6 +715,11 @@ pub(crate) fn statement(stmt: &Stmt, checker: &mut Checker) {
                     }
                 }
             }
+            if checker.enabled(Rule::NonAsciiImportName) {
+                for alias in names {
+                    pylint::rules::non_ascii_module_import(checker, alias);
+                }
+            }
             if checker.enabled(Rule::UnnecessaryFutureImport) {
                 if checker.settings.target_version >= PythonVersion::Py37 {
                     if let Some("__future__") = module {

crates/ruff_linter/src/codes.rs

@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@ pub fn code_to_rule(linter: Linter, code: &str) -> Option<(RuleGroup, Rule)> {
         (Pylint, "C0205") => (RuleGroup::Stable, rules::pylint::rules::SingleStringSlots),
         (Pylint, "C0208") => (RuleGroup::Stable, rules::pylint::rules::IterationOverSet),
         (Pylint, "C0414") => (RuleGroup::Stable, rules::pylint::rules::UselessImportAlias),
+        (Pylint, "C2403") => (RuleGroup::Preview, rules::pylint::rules::NonAsciiImportName),
         #[allow(deprecated)]
         (Pylint, "C1901") => (RuleGroup::Nursery, rules::pylint::rules::CompareToEmptyString),
         (Pylint, "C3002") => (RuleGroup::Stable, rules::pylint::rules::UnnecessaryDirectLambdaCall),

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/pylint/mod.rs

@@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test_case(Rule::LiteralMembership, Path::new("literal_membership.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::GlobalAtModuleLevel, Path::new("global_at_module_level.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::UnnecessaryLambda, Path::new("unnecessary_lambda.py"))]
+    #[test_case(Rule::NonAsciiImportName, Path::new("non_ascii_module_import.py"))]
     fn rules(rule_code: Rule, path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
         let snapshot = format!("{}_{}", rule_code.noqa_code(), path.to_string_lossy());
         let diagnostics = test_path(

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/pylint/rules/mod.rs

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ pub(crate) use misplaced_bare_raise::*;
 pub(crate) use named_expr_without_context::*;
 pub(crate) use nested_min_max::*;
 pub(crate) use no_self_use::*;
+pub(crate) use non_ascii_module_import::*;
 pub(crate) use nonlocal_without_binding::*;
 pub(crate) use property_with_parameters::*;
 pub(crate) use redefined_loop_name::*;
@@ -100,6 +101,7 @@ mod misplaced_bare_raise;
 mod named_expr_without_context;
 mod nested_min_max;
 mod no_self_use;
+mod non_ascii_module_import;
 mod nonlocal_without_binding;
 mod property_with_parameters;
 mod redefined_loop_name;

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/pylint/rules/non_ascii_module_import.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+use ruff_python_ast::Alias;
+
+use ruff_diagnostics::{Diagnostic, Violation};
+use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
+use ruff_text_size::Ranged;
+
+use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
+
+/// ## What it does
+/// Checks for the use of non-ASCII characters in import statements.
+///
+/// ## Why is this bad?
+/// Pylint discourages the use of non-ASCII characters in symbol names as
+/// they can cause confusion and compatibility issues.
+///
+/// ## Example
+/// ```python
+/// import bár
+/// ```
+///
+/// Use instead:
+/// ```python
+/// import bar
+/// ```
+///
+/// If the module is third-party, use an ASCII-only alias:
+/// ```python
+/// import bár as bar
+/// ```
+///
+/// ## References
+/// - [PEP 672](https://peps.python.org/pep-0672/)
+#[violation]
+pub struct NonAsciiImportName {
+    name: String,
+    kind: Kind,
+}
+
+impl Violation for NonAsciiImportName {
+    #[derive_message_formats]
+    fn message(&self) -> String {
+        let Self { name, kind } = self;
+        match kind {
+            Kind::Aliased => {
+                format!(
+                    "Module alias `{name}` contains a non-ASCII character, use an ASCII-only alias"
+                )
+            }
+            Kind::Unaliased => {
+                format!(
+                    "Module name `{name}` contains a non-ASCII character, use an ASCII-only alias"
+                )
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+enum Kind {
+    /// The import uses a non-ASCII alias (e.g., `import foo as bár`).
+    Aliased,
+    /// The imported module is non-ASCII, and could be given an ASCII alias (e.g., `import bár`).
+    Unaliased,
+}
+
+/// PLC2403
+pub(crate) fn non_ascii_module_import(checker: &mut Checker, alias: &Alias) {
+    if let Some(asname) = &alias.asname {
+        if asname.as_str().is_ascii() {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        checker.diagnostics.push(Diagnostic::new(
+            NonAsciiImportName {
+                name: asname.to_string(),
+                kind: Kind::Aliased,
+            },
+            asname.range(),
+        ));
+    } else {
+        if alias.name.as_str().is_ascii() {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        checker.diagnostics.push(Diagnostic::new(
+            NonAsciiImportName {
+                name: alias.name.to_string(),
+                kind: Kind::Unaliased,
+            },
+            alias.name.range(),
+        ));
+    }
+}

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/pylint/snapshots/ruff_linter__rules__pylint__tests__PLC2403_non_ascii_module_import.py.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+source: crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/pylint/mod.rs
+---
+non_ascii_module_import.py:1:29: PLC2403 Module alias `łos` contains a non-ASCII character, use an ASCII-only alias
+  |
+1 | from os.path import join as łos  # Error
+  |                             ^^^ PLC2403
+2 | from os.path import join as los  # OK
+  |
+
+non_ascii_module_import.py:4:24: PLC2403 Module alias `łos` contains a non-ASCII character, use an ASCII-only alias
+  |
+2 | from os.path import join as los  # OK
+3 | 
+4 | import os.path.join as łos  # Error
+  |                        ^^^ PLC2403
+5 | import os.path.join as los  # OK
+  |
+
+non_ascii_module_import.py:7:8: PLC2403 Module name `os.path.łos` contains a non-ASCII character, use an ASCII-only alias
+  |
+5 | import os.path.join as los  # OK
+6 | 
+7 | import os.path.łos  # Error (recommend an ASCII alias)
+  |        ^^^^^^^^^^^ PLC2403
+8 | import os.path.los  # OK
+  |
+
+non_ascii_module_import.py:10:21: PLC2403 Module name `łos` contains a non-ASCII character, use an ASCII-only alias
+   |
+ 8 | import os.path.los  # OK
+ 9 | 
+10 | from os.path import łos  # Error (recommend an ASCII alias)
+   |                     ^^^ PLC2403
+11 | from os.path import los  # OK
+   |
+
+