diff --git a/gradle/libraries.toml b/gradle/libraries.toml
index 8fb50122d52..8155eb818c0 100644
--- a/gradle/libraries.toml
+++ b/gradle/libraries.toml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ androidx-sqlite = "2.3.1"
 # This is used by the gradle integration tests to get the artifacts locally
 apollo = "4.0.0-beta.4-SNAPSHOT"
 # Used by the apollo-tooling project which uses a published version of Apollo
-apollo-published = "4.0.0-beta.2"
+apollo-published = "4.0.0-beta.3"
 cache = "2.0.2"
 # See https://developer.android.com/jetpack/androidx/releases/compose-kotlin
 compose-compiler = "1.5.5-dev-k2.0.0-Beta1-06b8ae672a4"
diff --git a/intellij-plugin/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/ijplugin/telemetry/TelemetryNetworking.kt b/intellij-plugin/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/ijplugin/telemetry/TelemetryNetworking.kt
index dff725d94d1..c7d6600dba8 100644
--- a/intellij-plugin/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/ijplugin/telemetry/TelemetryNetworking.kt
+++ b/intellij-plugin/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/ijplugin/telemetry/TelemetryNetworking.kt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ suspend fun executeTelemetryNetworkCall(telemetrySession: TelemetrySession) {
       instanceId = telemetrySession.instanceId,
       properties = telemetrySession.properties.map { it.toToolingTelemetryProperty() },
       events = telemetrySession.events.map { it.toTelemetryEvent() },
-  ).getOrThrow()
+  )
 }
 
 @OptIn(ApolloInternal::class)
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-api/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/exception/Exceptions.kt b/libraries/apollo-api/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/exception/Exceptions.kt
index 5e55c56af20..1acaed970d0 100644
--- a/libraries/apollo-api/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/exception/Exceptions.kt
+++ b/libraries/apollo-api/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/exception/Exceptions.kt
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ class ApolloWebSocketClosedException(
 /**
  * The response was received but the response code was not 200
  *
- * @param statusCode: the HTTP status code
- * @param headers: the HTTP headers
- * @param body: the HTTP error body. By default, [body] is always null. You can opt-in [exposeHttpErrorBody] in [HttpNetworkTransport]
+ * @param statusCode the HTTP status code
+ * @param headers the HTTP headers
+ * @param body the HTTP error body. By default, [body] is always null. You can opt-in [HttpNetworkTransport.httpExposeErrorBody]
  * if you need it. If you're doing this, you **must** call [BufferedSource.close] on [body] to avoid sockets and other resources leaking.
  */
 class ApolloHttpException(
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ class JsonDataException(message: String) : ApolloException(message)
  */
 class ApolloParseException(message: String? = null, cause: Throwable? = null) : ApolloException(message = message, cause = cause)
 
-class ApolloGraphQLException(val error: Error): ApolloException("GraphQL error") {
+class ApolloGraphQLException(val error: Error): ApolloException("GraphQL error: '${error.message}'") {
   constructor(errors: List<Error>): this(errors.first())
 
   @Deprecated("Use error instead", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR)
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-debug-server/src/androidMain/resources/schema.graphqls b/libraries/apollo-debug-server/src/androidMain/resources/schema.graphqls
index d5a35986076..2499c8b275b 100644
--- a/libraries/apollo-debug-server/src/androidMain/resources/schema.graphqls
+++ b/libraries/apollo-debug-server/src/androidMain/resources/schema.graphqls
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 type Query {
     apolloClients: [ApolloClient!]!
+    """
+    Returns null if an ApolloClient with the given id is not found.
+    """
     apolloClient(id: ID!): ApolloClient
 }
 
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/build.gradle.kts b/libraries/apollo-tooling/build.gradle.kts
index a017d1f1a02..31c04ac02e7 100644
--- a/libraries/apollo-tooling/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/build.gradle.kts
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ apollo {
       endpointUrl.set("https://graphql.api.apollographql.com/api/graphql")
       schemaFile.set(file("src/main/graphql/platform-api/internal/schema.graphqls"))
     }
+    mapScalar("Void", "kotlin.Unit", "com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.VoidAdapter")
     mapScalar("Timestamp", "java.time.Instant", "com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.TimestampAdapter")
   }
 }
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/graphql/graphql/extra.graphqls b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/graphql/graphql/extra.graphqls
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1ca17ae35cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/graphql/graphql/extra.graphqls
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+extend schema @link(url: "https://specs.apollo.dev/nullability/v0.1", import: ["@catch", "CatchTo"])
+extend schema @catch(to: THROW)
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/graphql/platform-api/internal/extra.graphqls b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/graphql/platform-api/internal/extra.graphqls
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..324284c91ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/graphql/platform-api/internal/extra.graphqls
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+extend schema @link(url: "https://specs.apollo.dev/nullability/v0.1", import: ["@semanticNonNull", "@catch", "CatchTo"])
+extend schema @catch(to: THROW)
+
+extend type Service @semanticNonNull(field: "statsWindow")
+extend type ServiceMutation @semanticNonNull(field: "registerOperationsWithResponse")
+extend type ServiceStatsWindow @semanticNonNull(field: "fieldLatencies")
+extend type RegisterOperationsMutationResponse @semanticNonNull(field: "invalidOperations")
+# Not sure if errors can be null or not
+# extend type InvalidOperation @semanticNonNull(field: "errors")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/graphql/platform-api/public/extra.graphqls b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/graphql/platform-api/public/extra.graphqls
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d682ff1c5f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/graphql/platform-api/public/extra.graphqls
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+extend schema @link(url: "https://specs.apollo.dev/nullability/v0.1", import: ["@semanticNonNull", "@catch", "CatchTo"])
+extend schema @catch(to: THROW)
+
+extend type GraphMutation @semanticNonNull(field: "uploadSchema")
+extend type GraphMutation @semanticNonNull(field: "publishSubgraph")
+extend type GraphVariant @semanticNonNull(field: "latestPublication")
+extend type SchemaPublication @semanticNonNull(field: "schema")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/FieldInsights.kt b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/FieldInsights.kt
index a9d5306ff7e..c8da4f06d78 100644
--- a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/FieldInsights.kt
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/FieldInsights.kt
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling
 
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.annotations.ApolloExperimental
-import com.apollographql.apollo3.exception.ApolloGraphQLException
-import com.apollographql.apollo3.exception.ApolloHttpException
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.platformapi.internal.FieldLatenciesQuery
 import java.time.Instant
 
@@ -32,45 +30,32 @@ object FieldInsights {
             percentile = percentile,
         )
     ).execute()
-    val data = response.data
-    return when {
-      data == null -> {
-        val cause = when (val e = response.exception!!) {
-          is ApolloHttpException -> {
-            val body = e.body?.use { it.readUtf8() } ?: ""
-            Exception("Cannot fetch field latencies: (code: ${e.statusCode})\n$body", e)
-          }
-
-          is ApolloGraphQLException -> {
-            Exception("Cannot fetch field latencies: ${e.errors.joinToString { it.message }}")
-          }
-
-          else -> {
-            Exception("Cannot fetch field latencies: ${e.message}", e)
-          }
-        }
-        FieldLatenciesResult.Error(cause = cause)
-      }
 
-      data.service == null && response.hasErrors() -> {
-        FieldLatenciesResult.Error(cause = Exception("Cannot fetch field latencies: ${response.errors!!.joinToString { it.message }}"))
-      }
+    val data = response.data
+    if (data == null) {
+      return FieldLatenciesResult.Error(cause = response.toException("Cannot fetch field latencies"))
+    }
 
-      else -> {
-        FieldLatencies(fieldLatencies = data.service?.statsWindow?.fieldLatencies?.mapNotNull {
-          val parentType = it.groupBy.parentType ?: return@mapNotNull null
-          val fieldName = it.groupBy.fieldName ?: return@mapNotNull null
-          val durationMs = it.metrics.fieldHistogram.durationMs ?: return@mapNotNull null
-          FieldLatencies.FieldLatency(
-              parentType = parentType,
-              fieldName = fieldName,
-              durationMs = durationMs
-          )
-        } ?: emptyList())
-      }
+    val service = data.service
+    if (service == null) {
+      // As of Dec-2023, service doesn't return an error when it is null
+      // Better safe than sorry though, and we still display the GraphQL errors.
+      return FieldLatenciesResult.Error(cause = Exception("Cannot find service $serviceId: ${response.errors?.joinToString { it.message }}}"))
     }
+
+    return FieldLatencies(fieldLatencies = service.statsWindow.fieldLatencies.mapNotNull {
+      val parentType = it.groupBy.parentType ?: return@mapNotNull null
+      val fieldName = it.groupBy.fieldName ?: return@mapNotNull null
+      val durationMs = it.metrics.fieldHistogram.durationMs ?: return@mapNotNull null
+      FieldLatencies.FieldLatency(
+          parentType = parentType,
+          fieldName = fieldName,
+          durationMs = durationMs
+      )
+    })
   }
 
+
   @ApolloExperimental
   sealed interface FieldLatenciesResult {
     @ApolloExperimental
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/PersistedQueriesUploader.kt b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/PersistedQueriesUploader.kt
index 7e4116dd981..c671cd6fe1d 100644
--- a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/PersistedQueriesUploader.kt
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/PersistedQueriesUploader.kt
@@ -15,10 +15,18 @@ class PersistedQuery(
 )
 
 sealed interface PublishOperationsResult
-object GraphNotFound: PublishOperationsResult
-class PermissionError(val message: String): PublishOperationsResult
-class CannotModifyOperationBody(val message: String): PublishOperationsResult
-class PublishOperationsSuccess(val added: Int, val removed: Int, val identical: Int, val updated: Int, val unaffected: Int, val name: String, val revision: Int) : PublishOperationsResult
+object GraphNotFound : PublishOperationsResult
+class PermissionError(val message: String) : PublishOperationsResult
+class CannotModifyOperationBody(val message: String) : PublishOperationsResult
+class PublishOperationsSuccess(
+    val added: Int,
+    val removed: Int,
+    val identical: Int,
+    val updated: Int,
+    val unaffected: Int,
+    val name: String,
+    val revision: Int,
+) : PublishOperationsResult
 
 @ApolloExperimental
 fun publishOperations(
@@ -38,11 +46,15 @@ fun publishOperations(
         .execute()
   }
 
-  val graph1 = response.dataOrThrow().graph
+  val data = response.data
+  if (data == null) {
+    throw response.toException("Cannot publish operations")
+  }
+
+  val graph1 = data.graph
   if (graph1 == null) {
     return GraphNotFound
   }
-
   val ops = graph1.persistedQueryList.publishOperations
   return when {
     ops.onPublishOperationsResult != null -> {
@@ -57,12 +69,16 @@ fun publishOperations(
           ops.onPublishOperationsResult.build.revision
       )
     }
+
     ops.onPermissionError != null -> {
       PermissionError(ops.onPermissionError.message)
     }
+
     ops.onCannotModifyOperationBodyError != null -> {
       CannotModifyOperationBody(ops.onCannotModifyOperationBodyError.message)
     }
-    else -> error("")
+
+    else -> error("Unknown ops: ${ops.__typename}")
   }
+
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/RegisterOperations.kt b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/RegisterOperations.kt
index 87f39a9ef64..665c5e41596 100644
--- a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/RegisterOperations.kt
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/RegisterOperations.kt
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling
 
+import com.apollographql.apollo3.annotations.ApolloDeprecatedSince
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.annotations.ApolloExperimental
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.api.Optional
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.ast.GQLArgument
@@ -26,8 +27,6 @@ import com.apollographql.apollo3.ast.transform
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.compiler.APOLLO_VERSION
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.compiler.OperationIdGenerator
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.compiler.operationoutput.OperationOutput
-import com.apollographql.apollo3.exception.ApolloGraphQLException
-import com.apollographql.apollo3.exception.ApolloHttpException
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.platformapi.internal.RegisterOperationsMutation
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.platformapi.internal.type.RegisteredClientIdentityInput
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.platformapi.internal.type.RegisteredOperationInput
@@ -225,6 +224,8 @@ object RegisterOperations {
     return OperationIdGenerator.Sha256.apply(normalize(), "")
   }
 
+  @Deprecated("Use persisted queries and publishOperations instead. See https://www.apollographql.com/docs/graphos/operations/persisted-queries/")
+  @ApolloDeprecatedSince(ApolloDeprecatedSince.Version.v4_0_0)
   fun registerOperations(
       key: String,
       graphID: String,
@@ -256,29 +257,21 @@ object RegisterOperations {
     val response = runBlocking { call.execute() }
     val data = response.data
     if (data == null) {
-      when (val e = response.exception!!) {
-        is ApolloHttpException -> {
-          val body = e.body?.use { it.readUtf8() } ?: ""
-          throw Exception("Cannot push operations: (code: ${e.statusCode})\n$body", e)
-        }
+      throw response.toException("Cannot push operations")
+    }
 
-        is ApolloGraphQLException -> {
-          throw Exception("Cannot push operations: ${e.errors.joinToString { it.message }}")
-        }
+    val service = data.service
+    if (service == null) {
+      throw Exception("Cannot push operations: cannot find service '$graphID': ${response.errors?.joinToString { it.message }}")
+    }
 
-        else -> {
-          throw Exception("Cannot push operations: ${e.message}", e)
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      val errors = data.service?.registerOperationsWithResponse?.invalidOperations?.flatMap {
-        it.errors ?: emptyList()
-      } ?: emptyList()
+    val errors = data.service.registerOperationsWithResponse.invalidOperations.flatMap {
+      it.errors ?: emptyList()
+    }
 
-      check(errors.isEmpty()) {
-        "Cannot push operations:\n${errors.joinToString("\n")}"
-      }
-      println("Operations pushed successfully")
+    if (errors.isNotEmpty()) {
+      throw Exception("Cannot push operations:\n${errors.joinToString("\n")}")
     }
+    println("Operations pushed successfully")
   }
 }
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/SchemaDownloader.kt b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/SchemaDownloader.kt
index 0146e0dff74..6da2a943d2d 100644
--- a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/SchemaDownloader.kt
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/SchemaDownloader.kt
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import com.apollographql.apollo3.ast.toFullSchemaGQLDocument
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.ast.toGQLDocument
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.ast.toSDL
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.ast.toUtf8
+import com.apollographql.apollo3.exception.ApolloHttpException
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.network.okHttpClient
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.SchemaHelper.reworkFullTypeFragment
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.SchemaHelper.reworkInputValueFragment
@@ -166,21 +167,27 @@ object SchemaDownloader {
     val apolloClient = ApolloClient.Builder()
         .serverUrl(endpoint)
         .okHttpClient(SchemaHelper.newOkHttpClient(insecure))
+        .httpExposeErrorBody(true)
         .build()
     val response = runBlocking {
       apolloClient.query(DownloadSchemaQuery(graphID = graph, variant = variant))
           .httpHeaders(headers.map { HttpHeader(it.key, it.value) } + HttpHeader("x-api-key", key))
           .execute()
     }
-    if (response.exception != null) throw response.exception!!
-    if (response.errors?.isNotEmpty() == true) {
-      throw Exception("Cannot retrieve document from $endpoint: ${response.errors!!.joinToString { it.message }}\nCheck graph id and variant")
+    val data = response.data
+
+    if (data == null) {
+      throw response.toException("Cannot download schema")
+    }
+
+    if (data.graph == null) {
+      throw Exception("Cannot retrieve graph '$graph': ${response.errors?.joinToString { it.message }}")
     }
-    val document = response.data?.graph?.variant?.latestPublication?.schema?.document
-    check(document != null) {
-      "Cannot retrieve document from $endpoint\nCheck graph id and variant"
+
+    if (data.graph.variant == null) {
+      throw Exception("Cannot retrieve variant '$variant': ${response.errors?.joinToString { it.message }}")
     }
-    return document
+    return data.graph.variant.latestPublication.schema.document
   }
 
   inline fun <reified T> Any?.cast() = this as? T
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/SchemaHelper.kt b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/SchemaHelper.kt
index 169a8eb1d58..901644845e5 100644
--- a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/SchemaHelper.kt
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/SchemaHelper.kt
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import com.apollographql.apollo3.ast.GQLDefinition
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.ast.GQLField
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.ast.GQLFragmentDefinition
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.ast.GQLOperationDefinition
-import com.apollographql.apollo3.exception.ApolloHttpException
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.network.http.DefaultHttpEngine
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.network.okHttpClient
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.GraphQLFeature.*
@@ -82,17 +81,12 @@ internal object SchemaHelper {
           .httpHeaders(headers.map { HttpHeader(it.key, it.value) })
           .execute()
     }
-    response.exception?.let { e ->
-      if (e is ApolloHttpException) {
-        val body = e.body?.use { it.readUtf8() } ?: ""
-        throw Exception("Cannot execute pre-introspection query from $endpoint: (code: ${e.statusCode})\n$body", e)
-      }
-      throw e
-    }
-    if (response.errors?.isNotEmpty() == true) {
-      throw Exception("Cannot execute pre-introspection query from $endpoint: ${response.errors!!.joinToString { it.message }}")
+    val data = response.data
+    if (data == null) {
+      throw response.toException("Cannot execute pre-introspection query from $endpoint")
     }
-    return response.data!!
+
+    return data
   }
 
   internal fun executeIntrospectionQuery(
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/SchemaUploader.kt b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/SchemaUploader.kt
index 73ccfb7abcf..f8b746f24e2 100644
--- a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/SchemaUploader.kt
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/SchemaUploader.kt
@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@ package com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.ApolloClient
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.annotations.ApolloExperimental
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.api.http.HttpHeader
-import com.apollographql.apollo3.exception.ApolloGraphQLException
-import com.apollographql.apollo3.exception.ApolloHttpException
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.platformapi.public.PublishMonolithSchemaMutation
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.platformapi.public.PublishSubgraphSchemaMutation
 import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking
@@ -68,27 +66,18 @@ object SchemaUploader {
     val response = runBlocking { call.execute() }
     val data = response.data
     if (data == null) {
-      when (val e = response.exception!!) {
-        is ApolloHttpException -> {
-          val body = e.body?.use { it.readUtf8() } ?: ""
-          throw Exception("Cannot upload schema: (code: ${e.statusCode})\n$body", e)
-        }
+      throw response.toException("Cannot upload schema")
+    }
 
-        is ApolloGraphQLException -> {
-          throw Exception("Cannot upload schema: ${e.errors.joinToString { it.message }}")
-        }
+    if (data.graph == null) {
+      throw Exception("Cannot retrieve graph '$graphID': ${response.errors?.joinToString { it.message }}")
+    }
 
-        else -> {
-          throw Exception("Cannot upload schema: ${e.message}", e)
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      val code = data.graph?.uploadSchema?.code
-      val message = data.graph?.uploadSchema?.message
-      val success = data.graph?.uploadSchema?.success
-      check(success == true) {
-        "Cannot upload schema (code: $code): $message"
-      }
+    val code = data.graph.uploadSchema.code
+    val message = data.graph.uploadSchema.message
+    val success = data.graph.uploadSchema.success
+    if (!success) {
+      throw Exception("Cannot upload schema (code: $code): $message")
     }
   }
 
@@ -114,25 +103,14 @@ object SchemaUploader {
     val response = runBlocking { call.execute() }
     val data = response.data
     if (data == null) {
-      when (val e = response.exception!!) {
-        is ApolloHttpException -> {
-          val body = e.body?.use { it.readUtf8() } ?: ""
-          throw Exception("Cannot upload schema: (code: ${e.statusCode})\n$body", e)
-        }
-
-        is ApolloGraphQLException -> {
-          throw Exception("Cannot upload schema: ${e.errors.joinToString { it.message }}")
-        }
-
-        else -> {
-          throw Exception("Cannot upload schema: ${e.message}", e)
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      val errors = data.graph?.publishSubgraph?.errors?.filterNotNull()?.joinToString("\n") { it.code + ": " + it.message }
-      check(errors.isNullOrEmpty()) {
-        "Cannot upload schema:\n$errors"
-      }
+      throw response.toException("Cannot upload schema")
+    }
+    if (data.graph == null) {
+      throw Exception("Cannot find graph '$graphID': ${response.errors?.joinToString { it.message }}")
+    }
+    val errors = data.graph.publishSubgraph.errors.filterNotNull().joinToString("\n") { it.code + ": " + it.message }
+    if (errors.isNotEmpty()) {
+      throw Exception("Cannot upload schema: $errors")
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/Telemetry.kt b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/Telemetry.kt
index 31b6bac28f6..8303a37f706 100644
--- a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/Telemetry.kt
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/Telemetry.kt
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ package com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling
 
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.annotations.ApolloInternal
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.api.Optional
-import com.apollographql.apollo3.exception.ApolloGraphQLException
-import com.apollographql.apollo3.exception.ApolloHttpException
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.platformapi.internal.TrackApolloKotlinUsageMutation
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.platformapi.internal.type.ApolloKotlinUsageEventInput
 import com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling.platformapi.internal.type.ApolloKotlinUsagePropertyInput
@@ -19,7 +17,7 @@ object Telemetry {
       instanceId: String,
       properties: List<TelemetryProperty>,
       events: List<TelemetryEvent>,
-  ): Result<Unit> {
+  ) {
     val apolloClient = newInternalPlatformApiApolloClient(serverUrl = serverUrl ?: INTERNAL_PLATFORM_API_URL)
     val response = apolloClient.mutation(
         TrackApolloKotlinUsageMutation(
@@ -39,23 +37,9 @@ object Telemetry {
             },
         )
     ).execute()
-    return when (val e = response.exception) {
-      null -> {
-        Result.success(Unit)
-      }
 
-      is ApolloHttpException -> {
-        val body = e.body?.use { it.readUtf8() } ?: ""
-        Result.failure(Exception("Cannot track Apollo Kotlin usage: (code: ${e.statusCode})\n$body", e))
-      }
-
-      is ApolloGraphQLException -> {
-        Result.failure(Exception("Cannot track Apollo Kotlin usage: ${e.errors.joinToString { it.message }}"))
-      }
-
-      else -> {
-        Result.failure(Exception("Cannot track Apollo Kotlin usage: ${e.message}", e))
-      }
+    if (response.data == null) {
+      throw response.toException("Cannot track Apollo Kotlin usage")
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/VoidAdapter.kt b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/VoidAdapter.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6edace43b88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/VoidAdapter.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling
+
+import com.apollographql.apollo3.api.Adapter
+import com.apollographql.apollo3.api.CustomScalarAdapters
+import com.apollographql.apollo3.api.json.JsonReader
+import com.apollographql.apollo3.api.json.JsonWriter
+
+internal object VoidAdapter : Adapter<Unit> {
+  override fun fromJson(reader: JsonReader, customScalarAdapters: CustomScalarAdapters): Unit {
+    return Unit
+  }
+
+  override fun toJson(writer: JsonWriter, customScalarAdapters: CustomScalarAdapters, value: Unit) {
+    writer.nullValue()
+  }
+}
diff --git a/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/exceptions.kt b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/exceptions.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..df0f623bbb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libraries/apollo-tooling/src/main/kotlin/com/apollographql/apollo3/tooling/exceptions.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package com.apollographql.apollo3.tooling
+
+import com.apollographql.apollo3.api.ApolloResponse
+import com.apollographql.apollo3.api.Operation
+import com.apollographql.apollo3.exception.ApolloHttpException
+
+/**
+ * returns an [Exception] that represents [ApolloResponse]
+ *
+ * Handles:
+ * - the case where [ApolloResponse.exception] is null and [ApolloResponse.data] is also null
+ * - reading the HTTP body if [com.apollographql.apollo3.ApolloClient.Builder.httpExposeErrorBody] is true
+ */
+internal fun <D: Operation.Data> ApolloResponse<D>.toException(context: String): Exception {
+  return when (val e = exception) {
+    is ApolloHttpException -> {
+      val body = e.body?.use { it.readUtf8() } ?: ""
+      Exception("$context: (code: ${e.statusCode})\n$body", e)
+    }
+
+    null -> {
+      Exception("$context: ${errors?.joinToString { it.message }}")
+    }
+
+    else -> {
+      Exception("$context: ${e.message}", e)
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file