diff --git a/.github/workflows/python.yml b/.github/workflows/python.yml
index 916db2580e371..854d792f3100d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python.yml
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ jobs:
       ARROW_BUILD_TESTS: OFF
       PYARROW_TEST_LARGE_MEMORY: ON
       # Current oldest supported version according to https://endoflife.date/macos
-      MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET: 10.15
+      MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET: 12.0
     steps:
       - name: Checkout Arrow
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
diff --git a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_macos_build.sh b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_macos_build.sh
index d5430f26748eb..92b962f1740bd 100755
--- a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_macos_build.sh
+++ b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_macos_build.sh
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ rm -rf ${source_dir}/python/pyarrow/*.so.*
 
 echo "=== (${PYTHON_VERSION}) Set SDK, C++ and Wheel flags ==="
 export _PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM="macosx-${MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET}-${arch}"
-export MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=${MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET:-10.15}
+export MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=${MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET:-12.0}
 export SDKROOT=${SDKROOT:-$(xcrun --sdk macosx --show-sdk-path)}
 
 if [ $arch = "arm64" ]; then
diff --git a/ci/vcpkg/arm64-osx-static-debug.cmake b/ci/vcpkg/arm64-osx-static-debug.cmake
index f511819a2edd9..32ae7bc433489 100644
--- a/ci/vcpkg/arm64-osx-static-debug.cmake
+++ b/ci/vcpkg/arm64-osx-static-debug.cmake
@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ set(VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE static)
 
 set(VCPKG_CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Darwin)
 set(VCPKG_OSX_ARCHITECTURES arm64)
-set(VCPKG_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET "11.0")
+set(VCPKG_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET "12.0")
 
 set(VCPKG_BUILD_TYPE debug)
diff --git a/ci/vcpkg/arm64-osx-static-release.cmake b/ci/vcpkg/arm64-osx-static-release.cmake
index 43d65efb2651b..dde46cd763afe 100644
--- a/ci/vcpkg/arm64-osx-static-release.cmake
+++ b/ci/vcpkg/arm64-osx-static-release.cmake
@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ set(VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE static)
 
 set(VCPKG_CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Darwin)
 set(VCPKG_OSX_ARCHITECTURES arm64)
-set(VCPKG_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET "11.0")
+set(VCPKG_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET "12.0")
 
 set(VCPKG_BUILD_TYPE release)
diff --git a/ci/vcpkg/universal2-osx-static-debug.cmake b/ci/vcpkg/universal2-osx-static-debug.cmake
index 8abc1ebf838f1..d3ef0d67eb719 100644
--- a/ci/vcpkg/universal2-osx-static-debug.cmake
+++ b/ci/vcpkg/universal2-osx-static-debug.cmake
@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ set(VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE static)
 
 set(VCPKG_CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Darwin)
 set(VCPKG_OSX_ARCHITECTURES "x86_64;arm64")
-set(VCPKG_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET "10.15")
+set(VCPKG_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET "12.0")
 
 set(VCPKG_BUILD_TYPE debug)
diff --git a/ci/vcpkg/universal2-osx-static-release.cmake b/ci/vcpkg/universal2-osx-static-release.cmake
index 2eb36c15175b2..3018aa93e5fbb 100644
--- a/ci/vcpkg/universal2-osx-static-release.cmake
+++ b/ci/vcpkg/universal2-osx-static-release.cmake
@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ set(VCPKG_LIBRARY_LINKAGE static)
 
 set(VCPKG_CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Darwin)
 set(VCPKG_OSX_ARCHITECTURES "x86_64;arm64")
-set(VCPKG_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET "10.15")
+set(VCPKG_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET "12.0")
 
 set(VCPKG_BUILD_TYPE release)
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/flight/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/src/arrow/flight/CMakeLists.txt
index 98f93705f6f56..835c4fc83bf18 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/flight/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/flight/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -26,6 +26,12 @@ endif()
 if(WIN32)
   list(APPEND ARROW_FLIGHT_LINK_LIBS ws2_32.lib)
 endif()
+# Updating the MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET to 12 required us to explicitly
+# link Flight with OpenSSL on macOS. Read this comment for more details:
+# https://github.com/apache/arrow/pull/43137#pullrequestreview-2267476893
+if(APPLE AND ARROW_USE_OPENSSL)
+  list(APPEND ARROW_FLIGHT_LINK_LIBS ${ARROW_OPENSSL_LIBS})
+endif()
 
 set(ARROW_FLIGHT_TEST_LINKAGE "${ARROW_TEST_LINKAGE}")
 if(Protobuf_USE_STATIC_LIBS)
diff --git a/dev/tasks/tasks.yml b/dev/tasks/tasks.yml
index cae34c3231381..7f52fe7b05232 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/tasks.yml
+++ b/dev/tasks/tasks.yml
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ tasks:
 
 {############################## Wheel macOS ####################################}
 
-{% for macos_version, macos_codename in [("10.15", "catalina")] %}
+{% for macos_version, macos_codename in [("12.0", "monterey")] %}
   {% set platform_tag = "macosx_{}_x86_64".format(macos_version.replace('.', '_')) %}
 
   wheel-macos-{{ macos_codename }}-{{ python_tag }}-amd64:
@@ -424,25 +424,25 @@ tasks:
       arrow_jemalloc: "ON"
       python_version: "{{ python_version }}"
       macos_deployment_target: "{{ macos_version }}"
-      runs_on: "macos-13"
+      runs_on: "macos-12"
       vcpkg_arch: "amd64"
     artifacts:
       - pyarrow-{no_rc_version}-{{ python_tag }}-{{ abi_tag }}-{{ platform_tag }}.whl
 
 {% endfor %}
 
-  wheel-macos-big-sur-{{ python_tag }}-arm64:
+  wheel-macos-monterey-{{ python_tag }}-arm64:
     ci: github
     template: python-wheels/github.osx.yml
     params:
       arch: "arm64"
       arrow_jemalloc: "OFF"
       python_version: "{{ python_version }}"
-      macos_deployment_target: "11.0"
+      macos_deployment_target: "12.0"
       runs_on: "macos-14"
       vcpkg_arch: "arm64"
     artifacts:
-      - pyarrow-{no_rc_version}-{{ python_tag }}-{{ python_tag }}-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl
+      - pyarrow-{no_rc_version}-{{ python_tag }}-{{ python_tag }}-macosx_12_0_arm64.whl
 
 {############################## Wheel Windows ################################}
 
diff --git a/dev/tasks/verify-rc/github.macos.yml b/dev/tasks/verify-rc/github.macos.yml
index 4bc3fff71b64a..e2bc7895c6d05 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/verify-rc/github.macos.yml
+++ b/dev/tasks/verify-rc/github.macos.yml
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 {% set use_conda = use_conda|default(False) %}
 # env: is generated by macros.github_header()
   # Current oldest supported version according to https://endoflife.date/macos
-  MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET: "10.15"
+  MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET: "12.0"
 
 jobs:
   verify:
diff --git a/python/CMakeLists.txt b/python/CMakeLists.txt
index 5d5eeaf8157b4..1a18b2b173acb 100644
--- a/python/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/python/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ set(CMAKE_MACOSX_RPATH 1)
 if(DEFINED ENV{MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET})
   set(CMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET $ENV{MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET})
 else()
-  set(CMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 10.15)
+  set(CMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 12.0)
 endif()
 
 # Generate a Clang compile_commands.json "compilation database" file for use
diff --git a/ruby/red-arrow/ext/arrow/extconf.rb b/ruby/red-arrow/ext/arrow/extconf.rb
index 28ccd0b2d59e1..a3005cd56f270 100644
--- a/ruby/red-arrow/ext/arrow/extconf.rb
+++ b/ruby/red-arrow/ext/arrow/extconf.rb
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
   symbols_in_external_bundles.each do |symbol|
     $DLDFLAGS << " -Wl,-U,#{symbol}"
   end
-  mmacosx_version_min = "-mmacosx-version-min=10.15"
+  mmacosx_version_min = "-mmacosx-version-min=12.0"
   $CFLAGS << " #{mmacosx_version_min}"
   $CXXFLAGS << " #{mmacosx_version_min}"
 end