diff --git a/arrow/compute/exprs/types.go b/arrow/compute/exprs/types.go
index 0a42e6cd..d1adbdaa 100644
--- a/arrow/compute/exprs/types.go
+++ b/arrow/compute/exprs/types.go
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ func init() {
 		}
 	}
 
-	for _, fn := range []string{"and", "or"} {
+	for _, fn := range []string{"and", "or", "not"} {
 		err := DefaultExtensionIDRegistry.AddSubstraitScalarToArrow(
 			extensions.ID{URI: SubstraitBooleanFuncsURI, Name: fn},
 			simpleMapSubstraitToArrowFunc)
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func init() {
 		}
 	}
 
-	for _, fn := range []string{"and_kleene", "or_kleene"} {
+	for _, fn := range []string{"and_kleene", "or_kleene", "not"} {
 		err := DefaultExtensionIDRegistry.AddArrowToSubstrait(fn,
 			simpleMapArrowToSubstraitFunc(SubstraitBooleanFuncsURI))
 		if err != nil {
diff --git a/arrow/compute/internal/kernels/scalar_boolean.go b/arrow/compute/internal/kernels/scalar_boolean.go
index cc5d0aec..36598a09 100644
--- a/arrow/compute/internal/kernels/scalar_boolean.go
+++ b/arrow/compute/internal/kernels/scalar_boolean.go
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import (
 
 type computeWordFN func(leftTrue, leftFalse, rightTrue, rightFalse uint64) (outValid, outData uint64)
 
-func computeKleene(computeWord computeWordFN, ctx *exec.KernelCtx, left, right *exec.ArraySpan, out *exec.ExecResult) error {
+func computeKleene(computeWord computeWordFN, _ *exec.KernelCtx, left, right *exec.ArraySpan, out *exec.ExecResult) error {
 	var (
 		inBMs = [4]bitutil.Bitmap{
 			{Data: left.Buffers[0].Buf, Offset: left.Offset, Len: left.Len},
@@ -332,3 +332,16 @@ func (KleeneAndNotOpKernel) CallScalarLeft(ctx *exec.KernelCtx, left scalar.Scal
 func (KleeneAndNotOpKernel) CallScalarRight(ctx *exec.KernelCtx, left *exec.ArraySpan, right scalar.Scalar, out *exec.ExecResult) error {
 	return (KleeneAndOpKernel{}).CallScalarRight(ctx, left, invertScalar(right), out)
 }
+
+func NotExecKernel(ctx *exec.KernelCtx, batch *exec.ExecSpan, out *exec.ExecResult) error {
+	bitutil.InvertBitmap(batch.Values[0].Array.Buffers[1].Buf, int(batch.Values[0].Array.Offset),
+		int(batch.Values[0].Array.Len), out.Buffers[1].Buf, int(out.Offset))
+
+	out.Buffers[0] = batch.Values[0].Array.Buffers[0]
+	if out.Buffers[0].SelfAlloc {
+		out.Buffers[0].SelfAlloc = false
+	}
+	out.Nulls = batch.Values[0].Array.Nulls
+
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/arrow/compute/scalar_bool.go b/arrow/compute/scalar_bool.go
index a46d221b..9a64382a 100644
--- a/arrow/compute/scalar_bool.go
+++ b/arrow/compute/scalar_bool.go
@@ -93,6 +93,11 @@ var (
 		For a different null behavior, see function "and".`,
 		ArgNames: []string{"x", "y"},
 	}
+	notDoc = FunctionDoc{
+		Summary:     "Logical 'not' boolean values",
+		Description: "Negates the input boolean value",
+		ArgNames:    []string{"x"},
+	}
 )
 
 func makeFunction(reg FunctionRegistry, name string, arity int, ex exec.ArrayKernelExec, doc FunctionDoc, nulls exec.NullHandling) {
@@ -130,4 +135,6 @@ func RegisterScalarBoolean(reg FunctionRegistry) {
 		andNotKleeneDoc, exec.NullComputedPrealloc)
 	makeFunction(reg, "or_kleene", 2, kernels.SimpleBinary[kernels.KleeneOrOpKernel],
 		orKleeneDoc, exec.NullComputedPrealloc)
+	makeFunction(reg, "not", 1, kernels.NotExecKernel, notDoc,
+		exec.NullComputedNoPrealloc)
 }
diff --git a/arrow/compute/scalar_bool_test.go b/arrow/compute/scalar_bool_test.go
index 63b5ab2d..78db5de6 100644
--- a/arrow/compute/scalar_bool_test.go
+++ b/arrow/compute/scalar_bool_test.go
@@ -152,3 +152,31 @@ func TestBooleanKleeneKernels(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestBooleanNot(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		inputJSON, expectedJSON string
+	}{
+		{"[true, true, false, false]", "[false, false, true, true]"},
+		{"[null, true, null, false]", "[null, false, null, true]"},
+		{"[null, null, null, null]", "[null, null, null, null]"},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		mem := memory.NewCheckedAllocator(memory.DefaultAllocator)
+		defer mem.AssertSize(t, 0)
+
+		input, _, err := array.FromJSON(mem, arrow.FixedWidthTypes.Boolean,
+			strings.NewReader(tt.inputJSON))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer input.Release()
+
+		expected, _, err := array.FromJSON(mem, arrow.FixedWidthTypes.Boolean,
+			strings.NewReader(tt.expectedJSON))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer expected.Release()
+
+		checkScalarUnary(t, "not", compute.NewDatumWithoutOwning(input),
+			compute.NewDatumWithoutOwning(expected), nil)
+	}
+}