Linux kernel driver for Elastic Fabric Adapter (EFA)
====================================================

Overview
========
Elastic Fabric Adapter (EFA), a new network device that provides reliable
userspace communication and kernel bypass capabilities, targeting more
consistent latency and higher throughput than traditional TCP-based
communication. EFA is first implemented in AWS EC2 instances, and is optimized
to cloud-scale network infrastructure.

EFA brings the scalability, flexibility, and elasticity of cloud to
tightly-coupled applications like HPC and Machine Learning Training, that
would benefit from the lower and more consistent latency and higher throughput.
Applications would use Libfabric (https://github.com/ofiwg/libfabric) as the
userspace library to use EFA.

Currently, EFA supports datagram send/receive operations and does not support
connection-oriented or read/write operations. EFA supports unreliable
datagrams (UD) as well as a new Scalable (unordered) Reliable Datagram protocol
(SRD). SRD provides support for reliable datagrams and more complete error
handling than typically seen with other Reliable Datagram (RD) implementations,
but, unlike RD, it does not support ordering or segmentation.

EFA depends on having ib_core and ib user verbs compiled with the kernel.
User verbs are supported via a dedicated userspace libfabric provider,
all kernel verbs and in-kernel services are currently not supported.

Driver compilation
==================
For list of supported kernels and distributions, please refer to the release
notes documentation in the same directory.
Prerequisites:
Kernel must be compiled with CONFIG_INFINIBAND_USER_ACCESS in Kconfig.

sudo yum update
sudo yum install gcc
sudo yum install kernel-devel-$(uname -r)

Compilation:
Run "make", efa.ko is created inside the folder.

Driver installation
===================
Loading driver
--------------
modprobe ib_core
modprobe ib_uverbs
insmod efa.ko

For automatic driver start upon the OS boot
sudo vi /etc/modules-load.d/efa.conf
insert "efa" to the file
copy the efa.ko to /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/
sudo depmod
If previous driver was loaded from initramfs - it will have to be
updated as well (i.e. dracut)

Restart the OS (sudo reboot and reconnect)

Supported PCI vendor ID/device IDs
==================================
1d0f:efa0 - EFA used in EC2 virtualized and bare-metal instances.

EFA Source Code Directory Structure
===================================
efa_main.c, efa.h - Main Linux kernel driver.
efa_com.[ch], efa_com_cmd.[ch]      - Management communication layer.
                                      This layer is responsible for the
                                      handling all the management (admin)
                                      communication between the device and the
                                      driver.
efa_common_defs.h - Common definitions for efa_com layer.
efa_admin_defs.h, efa_admin_cmd_defs.h - Definition of EFA management interface.
efa_regs_defs.h   - Definition of EFA PCI memory-mapped (MMIO) registers.
efa_sysfs.[ch]    - Sysfs files.
efa_pci_id_tbl.h  - Supported device IDs.
efa_bitmap.c      - Bitmap allocation services for the driver. Currently used
                    for Protection Domains numbers.
efa-abi.h         - Kernel driver <-> Userspace provider ABI.

Management Interface
====================
EFA management interface is exposed by means of:
- PCIe Configuration Space
- Device Registers
- Admin Queue (AQ) and Admin Completion Queue (ACQ)
- Asynchronous Event Notification Queue (AENQ)

AQ is used for submitting management commands, and the
results/responses are reported asynchronously through ACQ.

EFA introduces a small set of management commands.
Most of the management operations are framed in a generic get/set feature
command.

The following admin queue commands are supported:
- Create/Destroy Queue Pair
- Create/Destroy Completion Queue
- Create/Destroy Memory Region
- Create/Destroy Address Handle
- Allocate/Deallocate Protection Domain
- Get feature
- Set feature
- Query device

Refer to efa_admin_cmds_defs.h for the list of supported get/set feature
properties.

The Asynchronous Event Notification Queue (AENQ) is a unidirectional
queue used by the EFA device to send to the driver events that cannot
be reported using ACQ. AENQ events are subdivided into groups. Each
group may have multiple syndromes, as shown below:

The events are:
	Group                   Syndrome
	Keep-Alive              - X -

ACQ and AENQ share the same MSI-X vector.

Interrupt Modes
===============
Management interrupt registration is performed when the Linux kernel
probes the adapter, and it is un-registered when the adapter is
removed.

The management interrupt is named:
   efa-mgmnt@pci:<PCI domain:bus:slot.function>

Data Path Interface
===================
I/O operations are based on Queue Pairs (QPs) - Send Queues (SQs) and Receive
Queues (RQs).  Each queue has a Completion Queue (CQ) associated with it.

The QPs and CQs are implemented as Work/Completion Queue Elements (WQEs/CQEs)
rings in contiguous physical memory.

The EFA supports Low Latency Queue (LLQ) mode for SQs:
In this mode the userspace provider writes the WQEs directly to the EFA device
memory space, while the packet data resides in the host's memory. The device
uses a dedicated PCI device memory BAR, which is mapped with write-combine
capability.

The RQs reside in the host's memory. The EFA device fetches the EFA RX WQEs and
packet data from host memory.

The user notifies the EFA device of new WQEs by writing to a dedicated PCI
device memory BAR referred as Doorbells BAR which is mapped to the userspace
provider.