//bindings/pydrake/examples violate ODR

[EricCousineau-TRI]

As @jwnimmer-tri pointed out on Slack, targets underneath //bindings/pydrake/examples presently violate ODR, similar to #8908.

At present, we are getting lucky that we do not encounter the same segfault as #8908, but it may happen shortly. This should be fixed, most ideally by having all examples link to drake_shared_library, or even better, using granular shared libraries (#7294).

In attempting to reproduce along the lines of #8908, it seems that we are extra lucky in that it does not cause a segfault akin to bazel test //examples/kuka_iiwa_arm:kuka_simulation_test when not linking targets directly to libdrake.so via cc_binary(..., srcs = ["...:libdrake.so"]):
https://github.com/RobotLocomotion/drake/compare/master...EricCousineau-TRI:issue/8908-repro-wip?expand=1#diff-9454df01e25d57f36c12f3b200dc2988
(EricCousineau-TRI@1067f19)

For this reason, we should maybe consider this a low priority pending resolution of #7294?

[jwnimmer-tri]

If we have chosen to install pydrake libraries with these (and more) example plants, then it follows that we should also be installing the C++ flavor of the libraries as well. The correct solution here is to expand libdrake.so to include these plants, and then we can remove the incorrect cc_deps from the pydrake build rules for them.

The next step to make that happen is to make the library_lint also apply to the examples folders (currently they are all ignored); I'll work on that.