vote

Summary

vote.aleo is a general vote program.

Anyone can issue new proposals, proposers can issue tickets to the voters, and voters can vote without exposing their identity.

This example is inspired by the aleo-vote example written by the Aleo community.

Noteworthy Features

Voter identity is concealed by privately passing a voter's ballot into a function. Proposal information and voting results are revealed using the public mapping datatype in Leo.

How to Run

Follow the Leo Installation Instructions.

This vote program can be run using the following bash script. Locally, it will execute Leo program functions to create proposals, create tickets, and make votes.

cd vote
./run.sh

The .env file contains a private key and address. This is the account that will be used to sign transactions and is checked for record ownership. When executing programs as different parties, be sure to set the private_key field in .env to the appropriate value. You can check out how we've set things up in ./run.sh for a full example of how to run the program as different parties.

Walkthrough

• Functions
• Step 0: Create a Proposal
• Step 1: Voter 1 issues a ticket and makes a vote
• Step 2: Voter 2 issues a ticket and makes a vote
• Step 3: How votes are tallied

Functions

Propose

Anyone can issue a new proposal publicly by calling propose function.

Create Ticket

Proposers can create new tickets for proposed proposals.

Ticket is a record with owner and pid, it can be used to vote for the specific proposal - pid, and can only be used(voted) by the ticket owner.

Vote

A ticket owner can use their ticket record to vote agree / disagree with the specific proposal - pid. Since the ticket record can be used as an input privately, the voter's privacy is protected.

Create a Proposal

We will be playing the role of three parties.

The private key and address of the proposer.
private_key: APrivateKey1zkp8CZNn3yeCseEtxuVPbDCwSyhGW6yZKUYKfgXmcpoGPWH
address: aleo1rhgdu77hgyqd3xjj8ucu3jj9r2krwz6mnzyd80gncr5fxcwlh5rsvzp9px

The private key and address of voter 1.
private_key: APrivateKey1zkp2RWGDcde3efb89rjhME1VYA8QMxcxep5DShNBR6n8Yjh
address: aleo1s3ws5tra87fjycnjrwsjcrnw2qxr8jfqqdugnf0xzqqw29q9m5pqem2u4t

The private key and address of voter 2.
private_key: APrivateKey1zkp2GUmKbVsuc1NSj28pa1WTQuZaK5f1DQJAT6vPcHyWokG
address: aleo1ashyu96tjwe63u0gtnnv8z5lhapdu4l5pjsl2kha7fv7hvz2eqxs5dz0rg

Let's propose a new ballot. Take on the role of the proposer and run the propose transition function. We've provided the necessary information as inputs to the propose function.

echo "
NETWORK=testnet3
PRIVATE_KEY=APrivateKey1zkp8CZNn3yeCseEtxuVPbDCwSyhGW6yZKUYKfgXmcpoGPWH
" > .env

leo run propose "{ 
  title: 2077160157502449938194577302446444field, 
  content: 1452374294790018907888397545906607852827800436field, 
  proposer: aleo1rhgdu77hgyqd3xjj8ucu3jj9r2krwz6mnzyd80gncr5fxcwlh5rsvzp9px
}"

You'll see that the output generates a new record with the proposal information and sets a public mapping with the proposal id as an argument input. The public mapping will be queryable on-chain.

Voter 1 makes a vote

Let's create a new private ticket to make a vote. Take on the role of voter 1 and run the new_ticket transition. The inputs take a unique ticket ID and the voter's public address.

echo "
NETWORK=testnet3
PRIVATE_KEY=APrivateKey1zkp2RWGDcde3efb89rjhME1VYA8QMxcxep5DShNBR6n8Yjh
" > .env

leo run new_ticket 2264670486490520844857553240576860973319410481267184439818180411609250173817field aleo1s3ws5tra87fjycnjrwsjcrnw2qxr8jfqqdugnf0xzqqw29q9m5pqem2u4t

You'll see a new private ticket created belonging to the owner, and a public mapping in the vote program to track the ID of that ticket.

Voter 1 can now vote privately on their ticket. Call the agree or disagree transition function, which takes the voter's ticket output as the input.

leo run agree "{
  owner: aleo1s3ws5tra87fjycnjrwsjcrnw2qxr8jfqqdugnf0xzqqw29q9m5pqem2u4t.private,
  pid: 2264670486490520844857553240576860973319410481267184439818180411609250173817field.private,
  _nonce: 1738483341280375163846743812193292672860569105378494043894154684192972730518group.public
}"

Voter 2 makes a vote

Let's create a new private ticket for voter 2. Take on the role of voter 1 and run the new_ticket transition. The inputs take a unique ticket ID and the voter's public address.

echo "
NETWORK=testnet3
PRIVATE_KEY=APrivateKey1zkp2GUmKbVsuc1NSj28pa1WTQuZaK5f1DQJAT6vPcHyWokG
" > .env

leo run new_ticket 2158670485494560943857353240576760973319410481267184429818180411607250143681field aleo1ashyu96tjwe63u0gtnnv8z5lhapdu4l5pjsl2kha7fv7hvz2eqxs5dz0rg

Voter 2 can now vote privately on their ticket. Call the agree or disagree transition function, which takes the voter's ticket output as the input.

leo run disagree "{
  owner: aleo1ashyu96tjwe63u0gtnnv8z5lhapdu4l5pjsl2kha7fv7hvz2eqxs5dz0rg.private,
  pid: 2158670485494560943857353240576760973319410481267184429818180411607250143681field.private,
  _nonce: 6511154004161574129036815174288926693337549214513234790975047364416273541105group.public
}"

How votes are tallied

Votes on the ticket are private. But the sum total of the agreements and disagreements are shown on-chain in the public mapping. You can query this data on-chain.