diff --git a/console/program/src/data/literal/mod.rs b/console/program/src/data/literal/mod.rs
index 5b904165ca..62777da9d8 100644
--- a/console/program/src/data/literal/mod.rs
+++ b/console/program/src/data/literal/mod.rs
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ mod parse;
 mod sample;
 mod serialize;
 mod size_in_bits;
+mod size_in_bytes;
 mod to_bits;
 mod to_type;
 mod variant;
diff --git a/console/program/src/data/literal/size_in_bytes.rs b/console/program/src/data/literal/size_in_bytes.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc3a434ec1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/console/program/src/data/literal/size_in_bytes.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2023 Aleo Systems Inc.
+// This file is part of the snarkVM library.
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at:
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::*;
+
+impl<N: Network> Literal<N> {
+    /// Returns the size in bytes of this literal.
+    #[allow(clippy::cast_possible_truncation)]
+    pub fn size_in_bytes(&self) -> u16 {
+        // Note: This upcast to u32 and downcast to u16 is safe because the size of a literal is
+        // always less than or equal to u16::MAX bits, and we are dividing by 8, so the result will
+        // always fit in a u16.
+        (((self.size_in_bits() as u32) + 7) / 8) as u16
+    }
+}
diff --git a/console/program/src/data_types/literal_type/mod.rs b/console/program/src/data_types/literal_type/mod.rs
index cb5e4dae49..d6ddf2f5a0 100644
--- a/console/program/src/data_types/literal_type/mod.rs
+++ b/console/program/src/data_types/literal_type/mod.rs
@@ -15,8 +15,12 @@
 mod bytes;
 mod parse;
 mod serialize;
+mod size_in_bits;
+mod size_in_bytes;
 
+use snarkvm_console_account::Signature;
 use snarkvm_console_network::prelude::*;
+use snarkvm_console_types::{prelude::*, Boolean};
 
 use core::fmt::{self, Debug, Display};
 use num_derive::FromPrimitive;
diff --git a/console/program/src/data_types/literal_type/size_in_bits.rs b/console/program/src/data_types/literal_type/size_in_bits.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..19db4593a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/console/program/src/data_types/literal_type/size_in_bits.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2023 Aleo Systems Inc.
+// This file is part of the snarkVM library.
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at:
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::*;
+
+impl LiteralType {
+    /// Returns the number of bits of this literal type.
+    ///
+    /// For string literals, this method returns the maximum number of bits that can be stored in the string.
+    pub fn size_in_bits<N: Network>(&self) -> u16 {
+        let size = match self {
+            Self::Address => Address::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::Boolean => Boolean::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::Field => Field::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::Group => Group::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::I8 => I8::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::I16 => I16::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::I32 => I32::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::I64 => I64::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::I128 => I128::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::U8 => U8::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::U16 => U16::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::U32 => U32::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::U64 => U64::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::U128 => U128::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::Scalar => Scalar::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::Signature => Signature::<N>::size_in_bits(),
+            Self::String => N::MAX_STRING_BYTES.saturating_mul(8) as usize,
+        };
+        u16::try_from(size).or_halt_with::<N>("Literal exceeds u16::MAX bits.")
+    }
+}
diff --git a/console/program/src/data_types/literal_type/size_in_bytes.rs b/console/program/src/data_types/literal_type/size_in_bytes.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2862b0f218
--- /dev/null
+++ b/console/program/src/data_types/literal_type/size_in_bytes.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2023 Aleo Systems Inc.
+// This file is part of the snarkVM library.
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at:
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::*;
+
+impl LiteralType {
+    /// Returns the number of bytes of this literal.
+    ///
+    /// For string literals, this method returns the maximum number of bytes that can be stored in the string.
+    #[allow(clippy::cast_possible_truncation)]
+    pub fn size_in_bytes<N: Network>(&self) -> u16 {
+        // Note: This upcast to u32 and downcast to u16 is safe because the size of a literal is
+        // always less than or equal to u16::MAX bits, and we are dividing by 8, so the result will
+        // always fit in a u16.
+        (((self.size_in_bits::<N>() as u32) + 7) / 8) as u16
+    }
+}
diff --git a/parameters/src/testnet3/resources/block.genesis b/parameters/src/testnet3/resources/block.genesis
index fa73cde84a..c0b70008f2 100644
Binary files a/parameters/src/testnet3/resources/block.genesis and b/parameters/src/testnet3/resources/block.genesis differ
diff --git a/synthesizer/program/src/lib.rs b/synthesizer/program/src/lib.rs
index 6e32c776f8..556d9ed922 100644
--- a/synthesizer/program/src/lib.rs
+++ b/synthesizer/program/src/lib.rs
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ impl<N: Network, Instruction: InstructionTrait<N>, Command: CommandTrait<N>> Pro
     /// Returns a reference to the function with the given name.
     pub fn get_function_ref(&self, name: &Identifier<N>) -> Result<&FunctionCore<N, Instruction, Command>> {
         // Attempt to retrieve the function.
-        let function = self.functions.get(name).ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Function '{name}' is not defined."))?;
+        let function = self.functions.get(name).ok_or(anyhow!("Function '{}/{name}' is not defined.", self.id))?;
         // Ensure the function name matches.
         ensure!(function.name() == name, "Expected function '{name}', but found function '{}'", function.name());
         // Ensure the number of inputs is within the allowed range.
diff --git a/synthesizer/src/vm/helpers/cost.rs b/synthesizer/src/vm/helpers/cost.rs
index 6f349baa84..e3a962b03a 100644
--- a/synthesizer/src/vm/helpers/cost.rs
+++ b/synthesizer/src/vm/helpers/cost.rs
@@ -12,16 +12,17 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-use crate::VM;
+use crate::{
+    prelude::{Stack, StackProgramTypes},
+    VM,
+};
 use console::{
     prelude::*,
-    program::{LiteralType, PlaintextType},
+    program::{FinalizeType, Identifier, LiteralType, PlaintextType},
 };
 use ledger_block::{Deployment, Execution};
 use ledger_store::ConsensusStorage;
-use synthesizer_program::{Command, Finalize, Instruction};
-
-use std::collections::HashMap;
+use synthesizer_program::{CastType, Command, Finalize, Instruction, Operand, StackProgram};
 
 /// Returns the *minimum* cost in microcredits to publish the given deployment (total cost, (storage cost, namespace cost)).
 pub fn deployment_cost<N: Network>(deployment: &Deployment<N>) -> Result<(u64, (u64, u64))> {
@@ -59,34 +60,20 @@ pub fn execution_cost<N: Network, C: ConsensusStorage<N>>(
     // Compute the storage cost in microcredits.
     let storage_cost = execution.size_in_bytes()?;
 
-    // Prepare the program lookup.
-    let lookup = execution
-        .transitions()
-        .map(|transition| {
-            let program_id = transition.program_id();
-            Ok((*program_id, vm.process().read().get_program(program_id)?.clone()))
-        })
-        .collect::<Result<HashMap<_, _>>>()?;
-
     // Compute the finalize cost in microcredits.
     let mut finalize_cost = 0u64;
     // Iterate over the transitions to accumulate the finalize cost.
     for transition in execution.transitions() {
-        // Retrieve the program ID.
-        let program_id = transition.program_id();
-        // Retrieve the function name.
-        let function_name = transition.function_name();
-        // Retrieve the program.
-        let program = lookup.get(program_id).ok_or(anyhow!("Program '{program_id}' is missing"))?;
+        // Retrieve the program ID and function name.
+        let (program_id, function_name) = (transition.program_id(), transition.function_name());
         // Retrieve the finalize cost.
-        let cost = match program.get_function(function_name)?.finalize_logic() {
-            Some(finalize) => cost_in_microcredits(finalize)?,
-            None => continue,
-        };
+        let cost = cost_in_microcredits(vm.process().read().get_stack(program_id)?, function_name)?;
         // Accumulate the finalize cost.
-        finalize_cost = finalize_cost
-            .checked_add(cost)
-            .ok_or(anyhow!("The finalize cost computation overflowed for an execution"))?;
+        if cost > 0 {
+            finalize_cost = finalize_cost
+                .checked_add(cost)
+                .ok_or(anyhow!("The finalize cost computation overflowed on '{program_id}/{function_name}'"))?;
+        }
     }
 
     // Compute the total cost in microcredits.
@@ -98,107 +85,292 @@ pub fn execution_cost<N: Network, C: ConsensusStorage<N>>(
 }
 
 /// Returns the minimum number of microcredits required to run the finalize.
-pub fn cost_in_microcredits<N: Network>(finalize: &Finalize<N>) -> Result<u64> {
-    // Defines the cost of each command.
+pub fn cost_in_microcredits<N: Network>(stack: &Stack<N>, function_name: &Identifier<N>) -> Result<u64> {
+    /// A helper function to determine the plaintext type in bytes.
+    fn plaintext_size_in_bytes<N: Network>(stack: &Stack<N>, plaintext_type: &PlaintextType<N>) -> Result<u64> {
+        match plaintext_type {
+            PlaintextType::Literal(literal_type) => Ok(literal_type.size_in_bytes::<N>() as u64),
+            PlaintextType::Struct(struct_name) => {
+                // Retrieve the struct from the stack.
+                let struct_ = stack.program().get_struct(struct_name)?;
+                // Retrieve the size of the struct name.
+                let size_of_name = struct_.name().to_bytes_le()?.len() as u64;
+                // Retrieve the size of all the members of the struct.
+                let size_of_members = struct_.members().iter().try_fold(0u64, |acc, (_, member_type)| {
+                    acc.checked_add(plaintext_size_in_bytes(stack, member_type)?).ok_or(anyhow!(
+                        "Overflowed while computing the size of the struct '{}/{struct_name}' - {member_type}",
+                        stack.program_id()
+                    ))
+                })?;
+                // Return the size of the struct.
+                Ok(size_of_name.saturating_add(size_of_members))
+            }
+            PlaintextType::Array(array_type) => {
+                // Retrieve the number of elements in the array.
+                let num_elements = **array_type.length() as u64;
+                // Compute the size of an array element.
+                let size_of_element = plaintext_size_in_bytes(stack, array_type.next_element_type())?;
+                // Return the size of the array.
+                Ok(num_elements.saturating_mul(size_of_element))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// A helper function to compute the following: base_cost + (byte_multiplier * size_of_operands).
+    fn cost_in_size<'a, N: Network>(
+        stack: &Stack<N>,
+        finalize: &Finalize<N>,
+        operands: impl IntoIterator<Item = &'a Operand<N>>,
+        byte_multiplier: u64,
+        base_cost: u64,
+    ) -> Result<u64> {
+        // Retrieve the finalize types.
+        let finalize_types = stack.get_finalize_types(finalize.name())?;
+        // Compute the size of the operands.
+        let size_of_operands = operands.into_iter().try_fold(0u64, |acc, operand| {
+            // Determine the size of the operand.
+            let operand_size = match finalize_types.get_type_from_operand(stack, operand)? {
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(plaintext_type) => plaintext_size_in_bytes(stack, &plaintext_type)?,
+                FinalizeType::Future(future) => {
+                    bail!("Future '{future}' is not a valid operand in the finalize scope");
+                }
+            };
+            // Safely add the size to the accumulator.
+            acc.checked_add(operand_size).ok_or(anyhow!(
+                "Overflowed while computing the size of the operand '{operand}' in '{}/{}' (finalize)",
+                stack.program_id(),
+                finalize.name()
+            ))
+        })?;
+        // Return the cost.
+        Ok(base_cost.saturating_add(byte_multiplier.saturating_mul(size_of_operands)))
+    }
+
+    // Finalize costs for compute heavy operations, derived as:
+    // `BASE_COST + (PER_BYTE_COST * SIZE_IN_BYTES)`.
+
+    const CAST_BASE_COST: u64 = 500;
+    const CAST_PER_BYTE_COST: u64 = 30;
+
+    const HASH_BASE_COST: u64 = 10_000;
+    const HASH_PER_BYTE_COST: u64 = 30;
+
+    const HASH_BHP_BASE_COST: u64 = 50_000;
+    const HASH_BHP_PER_BYTE_COST: u64 = 300;
+
+    const HASH_PSD_BASE_COST: u64 = 40_000;
+    const HASH_PSD_PER_BYTE_COST: u64 = 75;
+
+    const MAPPING_BASE_COST: u64 = 10_000;
+    const MAPPING_PER_BYTE_COST: u64 = 10;
+
+    const SET_BASE_COST: u64 = 10_000;
+    const SET_PER_BYTE_COST: u64 = 100;
+
+    // Retrieve the finalize logic.
+    let Some(finalize) = stack.get_function_ref(function_name)?.finalize_logic() else {
+        // Return a finalize cost of 0, if the function does not have a finalize scope.
+        return Ok(0);
+    };
+
+    // Measure the cost of each command.
     let cost = |command: &Command<N>| match command {
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Abs(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::AbsWrapped(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Add(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::AddWrapped(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::And(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::AssertEq(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::AssertNeq(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Async(_)) => bail!("`async` is not supported in finalize."),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Call(_)) => bail!("`call` is not supported in finalize."),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Cast(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CastLossy(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CommitBHP256(_)) => Ok(200_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CommitBHP512(_)) => Ok(200_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CommitBHP768(_)) => Ok(200_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CommitBHP1024(_)) => Ok(200_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CommitPED64(_)) => Ok(100_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CommitPED128(_)) => Ok(100_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Div(_)) => Ok(10_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::DivWrapped(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Double(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::GreaterThan(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::GreaterThanOrEqual(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashBHP256(_)) => Ok(100_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashBHP512(_)) => Ok(100_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashBHP768(_)) => Ok(100_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashBHP1024(_)) => Ok(100_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashKeccak256(_)) => Ok(100_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashKeccak384(_)) => Ok(100_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashKeccak512(_)) => Ok(100_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashPED64(_)) => Ok(20_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashPED128(_)) => Ok(30_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashPSD2(hash)) => match hash.destination_type() {
-            PlaintextType::Literal(LiteralType::Address) | PlaintextType::Literal(LiteralType::Group) => Ok(600_000),
-            PlaintextType::Literal(..) => Ok(60_000),
-            plaintext_type => bail!("`hash.psd2` is not supported for plaintext type '{plaintext_type}'"),
-        },
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashPSD4(hash)) => match hash.destination_type() {
-            PlaintextType::Literal(LiteralType::Address) | PlaintextType::Literal(LiteralType::Group) => Ok(700_000),
-            PlaintextType::Literal(..) => Ok(100_000),
-            plaintext_type => bail!("`hash.psd4` is not supported for plaintext type '{plaintext_type}'"),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Abs(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::AbsWrapped(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Add(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::AddWrapped(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::And(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::AssertEq(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::AssertNeq(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Async(_)) => bail!("'async' is not supported in finalize"),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Call(_)) => bail!("'call' is not supported in finalize"),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Cast(cast)) => match cast.cast_type() {
+            CastType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Literal(_)) => Ok(500),
+            CastType::Plaintext(plaintext_type) => Ok(plaintext_size_in_bytes(stack, plaintext_type)?
+                .saturating_mul(CAST_PER_BYTE_COST)
+                .saturating_add(CAST_BASE_COST)),
+            CastType::GroupXCoordinate
+            | CastType::GroupYCoordinate
+            | CastType::Record(_)
+            | CastType::ExternalRecord(_) => Ok(500),
         },
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashPSD8(hash)) => match hash.destination_type() {
-            PlaintextType::Literal(LiteralType::Address) | PlaintextType::Literal(LiteralType::Group) => Ok(800_000),
-            PlaintextType::Literal(..) => Ok(200_000),
-            plaintext_type => bail!("`hash.psd8` is not supported for plaintext type '{plaintext_type}'"),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CastLossy(cast_lossy)) => match cast_lossy.cast_type() {
+            CastType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Literal(_)) => Ok(500),
+            CastType::Plaintext(plaintext_type) => Ok(plaintext_size_in_bytes(stack, plaintext_type)?
+                .saturating_mul(CAST_PER_BYTE_COST)
+                .saturating_add(CAST_BASE_COST)),
+            CastType::GroupXCoordinate
+            | CastType::GroupYCoordinate
+            | CastType::Record(_)
+            | CastType::ExternalRecord(_) => Ok(500),
         },
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashSha3_256(_)) => Ok(100_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashSha3_384(_)) => Ok(100_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashSha3_512(_)) => Ok(100_000),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CommitBHP256(commit)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, commit.operands(), HASH_BHP_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BHP_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CommitBHP512(commit)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, commit.operands(), HASH_BHP_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BHP_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CommitBHP768(commit)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, commit.operands(), HASH_BHP_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BHP_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CommitBHP1024(commit)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, commit.operands(), HASH_BHP_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BHP_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CommitPED64(commit)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, commit.operands(), HASH_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::CommitPED128(commit)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, commit.operands(), HASH_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Div(div)) => {
+            // Ensure `div` has exactly two operands.
+            ensure!(div.operands().len() == 2, "'div' must contain exactly 2 operands");
+            // Retrieve the finalize types.
+            let finalize_types = stack.get_finalize_types(finalize.name())?;
+            // Retrieve the price by the operand type.
+            match finalize_types.get_type_from_operand(stack, &div.operands()[0])? {
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Literal(LiteralType::Field)) => Ok(1_500),
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Literal(_)) => Ok(500),
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Array(_)) => bail!("'div' does not support arrays"),
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Struct(_)) => bail!("'div' does not support structs"),
+                FinalizeType::Future(_) => bail!("'div' does not support futures"),
+            }
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::DivWrapped(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Double(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::GreaterThan(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::GreaterThanOrEqual(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashBHP256(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_BHP_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BHP_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashBHP512(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_BHP_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BHP_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashBHP768(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_BHP_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BHP_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashBHP1024(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_BHP_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BHP_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashKeccak256(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashKeccak384(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashKeccak512(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashPED64(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashPED128(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashPSD2(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_PSD_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_PSD_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashPSD4(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_PSD_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_PSD_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashPSD8(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_PSD_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_PSD_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashSha3_256(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashSha3_384(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashSha3_512(hash)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, hash.operands(), HASH_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_BASE_COST)
+        }
         Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashManyPSD2(_)) => {
-            bail!("`hash_many.psd2` is not supported in finalize.")
+            bail!("`hash_many.psd2` is not supported in finalize")
         }
         Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashManyPSD4(_)) => {
-            bail!("`hash_many.psd4` is not supported in finalize.")
+            bail!("`hash_many.psd4` is not supported in finalize")
         }
         Command::Instruction(Instruction::HashManyPSD8(_)) => {
-            bail!("`hash_many.psd8` is not supported in finalize.")
-        }
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Inv(_)) => Ok(10_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::IsEq(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::IsNeq(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::LessThan(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::LessThanOrEqual(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Modulo(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Mul(_)) => Ok(150_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::MulWrapped(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Nand(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Neg(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Nor(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Not(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Or(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Pow(_)) => Ok(20_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::PowWrapped(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Rem(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::RemWrapped(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::SignVerify(_)) => Ok(250_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Shl(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::ShlWrapped(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Shr(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::ShrWrapped(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Square(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::SquareRoot(_)) => Ok(120_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Sub(_)) => Ok(10_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::SubWrapped(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Ternary(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Xor(_)) => Ok(2_000),
-        // TODO: The following 'finalize' commands are currently priced higher than expected.
-        //  Expect these numbers to change as their usage is stabilized.
-        Command::Await(_) => Ok(2_000),
-        Command::Contains(_) => Ok(12_500),
-        Command::Get(_) => Ok(25_000),
-        Command::GetOrUse(_) => Ok(25_000),
+            bail!("`hash_many.psd8` is not supported in finalize")
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Inv(_)) => Ok(2_500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::IsEq(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::IsNeq(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::LessThan(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::LessThanOrEqual(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Modulo(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Mul(mul)) => {
+            // Ensure `mul` has exactly two operands.
+            ensure!(mul.operands().len() == 2, "'mul' must contain exactly 2 operands");
+            // Retrieve the finalize types.
+            let finalize_types = stack.get_finalize_types(finalize.name())?;
+            // Retrieve the price by operand type.
+            match finalize_types.get_type_from_operand(stack, &mul.operands()[0])? {
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Literal(LiteralType::Group)) => Ok(10_000),
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Literal(LiteralType::Scalar)) => Ok(10_000),
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Literal(_)) => Ok(500),
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Array(_)) => bail!("'mul' does not support arrays"),
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Struct(_)) => bail!("'mul' does not support structs"),
+                FinalizeType::Future(_) => bail!("'mul' does not support futures"),
+            }
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::MulWrapped(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Nand(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Neg(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Nor(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Not(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Or(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Pow(pow)) => {
+            // Ensure `pow` has at least one operand.
+            ensure!(!pow.operands().is_empty(), "'pow' must contain at least 1 operand");
+            // Retrieve the finalize types.
+            let finalize_types = stack.get_finalize_types(finalize.name())?;
+            // Retrieve the price by operand type.
+            match finalize_types.get_type_from_operand(stack, &pow.operands()[0])? {
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Literal(LiteralType::Field)) => Ok(1_500),
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Literal(_)) => Ok(500),
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Array(_)) => bail!("'pow' does not support arrays"),
+                FinalizeType::Plaintext(PlaintextType::Struct(_)) => bail!("'pow' does not support structs"),
+                FinalizeType::Future(_) => bail!("'pow' does not support futures"),
+            }
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::PowWrapped(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Rem(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::RemWrapped(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::SignVerify(sign)) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, sign.operands(), HASH_PSD_PER_BYTE_COST, HASH_PSD_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Shl(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::ShlWrapped(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Shr(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::ShrWrapped(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Square(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::SquareRoot(_)) => Ok(2_500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Sub(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::SubWrapped(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Ternary(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Instruction(Instruction::Xor(_)) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Await(_) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Contains(command) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, [command.key()], MAPPING_PER_BYTE_COST, MAPPING_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::Get(command) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, [command.key()], MAPPING_PER_BYTE_COST, MAPPING_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::GetOrUse(command) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, [command.key()], MAPPING_PER_BYTE_COST, MAPPING_BASE_COST)
+        }
         Command::RandChaCha(_) => Ok(25_000),
-        Command::Remove(_) => Ok(10_000),
-        Command::Set(_) => Ok(100_000),
-        Command::BranchEq(_) | Command::BranchNeq(_) => Ok(5_000),
-        Command::Position(_) => Ok(1_000),
+        Command::Remove(_) => Ok(MAPPING_BASE_COST),
+        Command::Set(command) => {
+            cost_in_size(stack, finalize, [command.key(), command.value()], SET_PER_BYTE_COST, SET_BASE_COST)
+        }
+        Command::BranchEq(_) | Command::BranchNeq(_) => Ok(500),
+        Command::Position(_) => Ok(100),
     };
+
+    // Aggregate the cost of all commands in the program.
     finalize
         .commands()
         .iter()
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/arrays_in_finalize.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/arrays_in_finalize.out
index 3c8c0a5f79..c824f27366 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/arrays_in_finalize.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/arrays_in_finalize.out
@@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"4142282429236500615355458184132048110685981096704230785688374794403057659904field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1y9t0y4lvhm43qdzlfjmfzh8985vfnx9ms368p07x5lsemet5ey8qt0ssjn,\n    21790u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"4377505400197346320325166594762058980060035444514726670451291598609377642278field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1y9t0y4lvhm43qdzlfjmfzh8985vfnx9ms368p07x5lsemet5ey8qt0ssjn,\n    7030u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/complex_finalization.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/complex_finalization.out
index 3fe0366770..0a3673e69a 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/complex_finalization.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/complex_finalization.out
@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ additional:
       - '{"type":"future","id":"1924141467746445803895332427121150983883397442046587101238781615037989484141field","value":"{\n  program_id: three_program.aleo,\n  function_name: e,\n  arguments: [\n    {\n      program_id: two_program.aleo,\n      function_name: b,\n      arguments: [\n        {\n          program_id: zero_program.aleo,\n          function_name: c,\n          arguments: [\n            aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n          ]\n        },\n        {\n          program_id: one_program.aleo,\n          function_name: d,\n          arguments: [\n            aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n          ]\n        },\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      program_id: one_program.aleo,\n      function_name: d,\n      arguments: [\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      program_id: zero_program.aleo,\n      function_name: c,\n      arguments: [\n        aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n      ]\n    },\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8\n  ]\n}"}'
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"3917070306191507021417247334289380256159485279427720000635170701460828577188field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8,\n    1313203u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"7684699263458955489500469434952154401333918354263231036610964274134089849729field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8,\n    264403u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/count_usages.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/count_usages.out
index 462b19bc6e..b24c3cd022 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/count_usages.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/count_usages.out
@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ additional:
       - '{"type":"future","id":"8376420147018709384724335862198143063714524641135069419096866845262064600524field","value":"{\n  program_id: basic_math.aleo,\n  function_name: sub_and_count,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1mrughg5ssadd9fc2uwve7l6u24xn76kyz24zsjtzta03vgkq4vpqggl6fg\n  ]\n}"}'
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"8324153878106944143887476538634343411354922556646605767561376149695827127954field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8,\n    263488u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"1938790837765091012488580924817661279880431670012907855909045111976774319119field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1kw4knandael9qcpxs6g36rr6h7dwvjz6q25ueah6zz9v57zjlvxsx5llq8,\n    54628u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/hello.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/hello.out
index 9d6f611257..ece9240964 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/hello.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/hello.out
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"767846553614807977239719420369516970523795400922031195070118946602953295894field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo10knkelvnd55fsaarm25wch7p9suf2tqlgwy5k4nxwms6d262xyfqm2tccr,\n    5366u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"693105314299332215857089088059023707332082928469565896605175974356642396813field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo10knkelvnd55fsaarm25wch7p9suf2tqlgwy5k4nxwms6d262xyfqm2tccr,\n    2366u64\n  ]\n}"}'
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"3684392356443869477382230822477215940928201767871507287501762026606131450149field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo10knkelvnd55fsaarm25wch7p9suf2tqlgwy5k4nxwms6d262xyfqm2tccr,\n    5366u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"1441674302389531937522747153756222779025502860728835603548501000282337153942field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo10knkelvnd55fsaarm25wch7p9suf2tqlgwy5k4nxwms6d262xyfqm2tccr,\n    2366u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/mapping_operations.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/mapping_operations.out
index 2e7a5fd334..cf0ee56ebb 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/mapping_operations.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/mapping_operations.out
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"2092697046318791120140968816339851333886436511238705667711902517471851427507field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1eakarna6a70pg9r0l9qal20faejwctgur5xt7lnc2a42wj2yssfqc89rk8,\n    154842u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"3819478822099171120366229999148101503444113586997605769708785149006145735527field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1eakarna6a70pg9r0l9qal20faejwctgur5xt7lnc2a42wj2yssfqc89rk8,\n    53072u64\n  ]\n}"}'
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"5451185020177869968712311682344650503963494688356610676016967063974610448346field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1eakarna6a70pg9r0l9qal20faejwctgur5xt7lnc2a42wj2yssfqc89rk8,\n    154842u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"4954497220272524572712674911495917535980779254032408121375814942204186632211field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1eakarna6a70pg9r0l9qal20faejwctgur5xt7lnc2a42wj2yssfqc89rk8,\n    53072u64\n  ]\n}"}'
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"2284917219703505613501488644232038072426366368973461661148269133200617380349field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1eakarna6a70pg9r0l9qal20faejwctgur5xt7lnc2a42wj2yssfqc89rk8,\n    154842u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"4374767356370294298106071783882769062590961601732098604265421591312847844881field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1eakarna6a70pg9r0l9qal20faejwctgur5xt7lnc2a42wj2yssfqc89rk8,\n    53072u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/public_wallet.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/public_wallet.out
index 8c14c6e65f..97dfd95336 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/public_wallet.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/public_wallet.out
@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ additional:
       - '{"type":"future","id":"6870476253411913047431672168259118946802015453568356666196082705096404310887field","value":"{\n  program_id: token.aleo,\n  function_name: mint_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1sry3pke49ykrf0aeshf889tr98r4c86p5f4ms766795ssdwfdyqq9jdg0j,\n    10u64\n  ]\n}"}'
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"5525308133544540763757385329943115018858161100889529786580724367369238892field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1d3e2je2m2hsxwdsvntvf4jnnlj459ywfry6ch2qwrpy6l6r6yvpq8e88h5,\n    131265u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"8242741303045788366029769877408013430285170870359415275077024518285491239453field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1d3e2je2m2hsxwdsvntvf4jnnlj459ywfry6ch2qwrpy6l6r6yvpq8e88h5,\n    27585u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/read_external_mapping.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/read_external_mapping.out
index 981eab75c7..51f9402e04 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/read_external_mapping.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/read_external_mapping.out
@@ -50,24 +50,24 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"1980579904176887149609836662057476775778939283569912608145754425251637674937field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1xe2fps8f9xpdas2q0fqy22uraenk84tvvzetrsyxgnwy6445h59s6wv78x,\n    28511u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"2460846645005462366786666390638662805054402091600049454074156831399214194828field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1xe2fps8f9xpdas2q0fqy22uraenk84tvvzetrsyxgnwy6445h59s6wv78x,\n    12331u64\n  ]\n}"}'
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"5447803391825137175441907904975044117223783214516201758332272734273947792008field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1xe2fps8f9xpdas2q0fqy22uraenk84tvvzetrsyxgnwy6445h59s6wv78x,\n    28539u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"6275256556950672117831015896650227423786495892079094886222239210235424203607field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1xe2fps8f9xpdas2q0fqy22uraenk84tvvzetrsyxgnwy6445h59s6wv78x,\n    12359u64\n  ]\n}"}'
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"3860882066519028066548084960516274925487614453365218041993564070381791439271field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1f6eg623knp66cwx0926w3plgdgzcmfpgyrzgnjz90mucgs3z7s9qls4upm,\n    101242u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"8372199321635126203021619457748641319234355407813689190122379673577134950885field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1f6eg623knp66cwx0926w3plgdgzcmfpgyrzgnjz90mucgs3z7s9qls4upm,\n    14542u64\n  ]\n}"}'
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"6950398885728475979865392048432051837738192098568760171018607474283886122052field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1xe2fps8f9xpdas2q0fqy22uraenk84tvvzetrsyxgnwy6445h59s6wv78x,\n    28511u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"610670209921538255900619170127761975836076634836989613464070279109494487943field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1xe2fps8f9xpdas2q0fqy22uraenk84tvvzetrsyxgnwy6445h59s6wv78x,\n    12331u64\n  ]\n}"}'
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"1611419113948590934439813710994891232204055145464765197156009306482292108171field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1f6eg623knp66cwx0926w3plgdgzcmfpgyrzgnjz90mucgs3z7s9qls4upm,\n    101246u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"7567328850021607310717103237149585492311011209064307935458393135932696315699field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1f6eg623knp66cwx0926w3plgdgzcmfpgyrzgnjz90mucgs3z7s9qls4upm,\n    14546u64\n  ]\n}"}'
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"4567702067011150795800469439274536831772194733575217584709850797127644395715field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1xe2fps8f9xpdas2q0fqy22uraenk84tvvzetrsyxgnwy6445h59s6wv78x,\n    28511u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"1006453709257039404896819728350834886286831571018854714236513706501168842517field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1xe2fps8f9xpdas2q0fqy22uraenk84tvvzetrsyxgnwy6445h59s6wv78x,\n    12331u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/test_branch.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/test_branch.out
index 7a740e7321..a92ddf6b41 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/test_branch.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/test_branch.out
@@ -25,12 +25,12 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"1171608727776431644975750070732912123034332726467525754602888924054094288537field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1x3r205zqql5ywy0cqqt74k0r0htuusn0d037ycxe8ftt9ep8hyzsmqz4dh,\n    17300u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"7173480694908809256108540320075206508452674100243861581665566642817871381991field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1x3r205zqql5ywy0cqqt74k0r0htuusn0d037ycxe8ftt9ep8hyzsmqz4dh,\n    3500u64\n  ]\n}"}'
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"7463420514229578917100663094481004916008770860159447604880946437006571567641field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1x3r205zqql5ywy0cqqt74k0r0htuusn0d037ycxe8ftt9ep8hyzsmqz4dh,\n    17300u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"8282914561152876827019335440647738942468939906336223802339463037044326143146field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1x3r205zqql5ywy0cqqt74k0r0htuusn0d037ycxe8ftt9ep8hyzsmqz4dh,\n    3500u64\n  ]\n}"}'
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"6487859374829903867805258250383686562413912996473658489745407025850659518586field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1x3r205zqql5ywy0cqqt74k0r0htuusn0d037ycxe8ftt9ep8hyzsmqz4dh,\n    17300u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"5334579863811891704545979925237596250682151556306514860044024145517585546947field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1x3r205zqql5ywy0cqqt74k0r0htuusn0d037ycxe8ftt9ep8hyzsmqz4dh,\n    3500u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/test_rand.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/test_rand.out
index 532aef5b20..57dd18584c 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/test_rand.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/test_rand.out
@@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ outputs:
     test_rand.aleo/rand_chacha_check:
       outputs:
       - '{"type":"future","id":"488590592441422127997725386233571306457829570948543232762424611162021835080field","value":"{\n  program_id: test_rand.aleo,\n  function_name: rand_chacha_check,\n  arguments: [\n    0field,\n    false\n  ]\n}"}'
-  speculate: the execution was accepted
+  speculate: the execution was rejected
   add_next_block: succeeded.
 - verified: true
   execute:
     test_rand.aleo/rand_chacha_check:
       outputs:
       - '{"type":"future","id":"884323248557348741020456011434839803868309861690594536593949575748229817915field","value":"{\n  program_id: test_rand.aleo,\n  function_name: rand_chacha_check,\n  arguments: [\n    1field,\n    true\n  ]\n}"}'
-  speculate: the execution was accepted
+  speculate: the execution was rejected
   add_next_block: succeeded.
 additional:
 - child_outputs:
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"4462067028953176194433456128612215180254915580822913622860423763786957990093field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1uchf7kruskpp8thlnfeya9qeklcjss27j6rtu74zz7ch559neqystgslsp,\n    28376u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"1282129350700700594940680024596897867110148414308708700842921386046440366011field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1uchf7kruskpp8thlnfeya9qeklcjss27j6rtu74zz7ch559neqystgslsp,\n    26876u64\n  ]\n}"}'
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"7019143888326425189688317194740968171760456342747217065687761270408913083348field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1uchf7kruskpp8thlnfeya9qeklcjss27j6rtu74zz7ch559neqystgslsp,\n    28376u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"2838401481340464124610411329302176081664394080829994051209644145406827373864field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo1uchf7kruskpp8thlnfeya9qeklcjss27j6rtu74zz7ch559neqystgslsp,\n    26876u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/timelock.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/timelock.out
index fb8c6b56dc..bddb3741aa 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/timelock.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/timelock.out
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"6311501351515915084600267933817246658800627224158118036734300141828790673821field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo12tksdptp7hvxly8tkm3um08fvf53qpehsgdgqfvy9pe3sewcq5ysjg5myy,\n    5196u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"945360682200179475934660913543316288826823363735980525242738043528572749037field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo12tksdptp7hvxly8tkm3um08fvf53qpehsgdgqfvy9pe3sewcq5ysjg5myy,\n    2196u64\n  ]\n}"}'
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"3727428454041721032579660663546168001221206494621052639644496834224868473189field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo12tksdptp7hvxly8tkm3um08fvf53qpehsgdgqfvy9pe3sewcq5ysjg5myy,\n    5196u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"4407865525570721713881622682558869732652022922248324986891224724282763545029field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo12tksdptp7hvxly8tkm3um08fvf53qpehsgdgqfvy9pe3sewcq5ysjg5myy,\n    2196u64\n  ]\n}"}'
diff --git a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/unused_position.out b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/unused_position.out
index 71a183aa9c..3c78b6e8a7 100644
--- a/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/unused_position.out
+++ b/synthesizer/tests/expectations/vm/execute_and_finalize/unused_position.out
@@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ additional:
 - child_outputs:
     credits.aleo/fee_public:
       outputs:
-      - '{"type":"future","id":"2621696734847465496099117263198227992906624839872816115893439464172566198419field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo12tksdptp7hvxly8tkm3um08fvf53qpehsgdgqfvy9pe3sewcq5ysjg5myy,\n    2208u64\n  ]\n}"}'
+      - '{"type":"future","id":"4500648057971642536326023581723419344508470174070904810378001320229962188845field","value":"{\n  program_id: credits.aleo,\n  function_name: fee_public,\n  arguments: [\n    aleo12tksdptp7hvxly8tkm3um08fvf53qpehsgdgqfvy9pe3sewcq5ysjg5myy,\n    1308u64\n  ]\n}"}'