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Helen: Optimizing CTR Prediction Models with Frequency-wise Hessian Eigenvalue Regularization

Welcome to the official repository of the Helen Optimizer, a plug-and-play optimization algorithm tailored specifically for Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction models.

Implemented in PyTorch, Helen is designed to seamlessly integrate into your CTR prediction workflows, enhancing the model performance by frequency-wise Hessian eigenvalue regularization. Dive deeper into the technicalities of Helen by reading our paper.

Please star this repo and cite us if you find Helen useful. Thank you!

@inproceedings{zhu2024helen,
  author    = {Zhu, Zirui and Liu, Yong and Zheng, Zangwei and Guo, Huifeng and You, Yang},
  title     = {Helen: Optimizing CTR Prediction Models with Frequency-wise Hessian Eigenvalue Regularization},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2024 (WWW '24)},
  year      = {2024},
  doi       = {10.1145/3589334.3645463},
  publisher = {ACM}
  }

Optimizer Usage

It is easy to use Helen to train your own CTR prediction model.

There are three key steps in the update process of Helen: count the feature frequency, first step for perturbation, second step for real update.

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from optim import Helen

# init the optimizer
data, feature_specs = YourDataset()       # a map contains information like vocab_size

model = YourModel(data)                   # CTR prediction model is dependent on the data

feature_params_map = ...                  # a map from feature name to its parameters

embed_params = model.get_embed_params()   # get the embedding parameters
net_params = model.get_net_params()       # get the dense network parameters

optimizer = Helen(embed_params, net_params, lr_embed=1e-3, lr_net=1e-3, rho=0.05, net_pert=True, bound=0.3)

for X, y in data:
    # 1. count the occurrence of each feature in the batch
    optimizer.count_feature_occurrence(X, feature_params_map, feature_specs)
	
    # 2. first forward-backward pass
    loss = loss_function(model(X), y)
    optimizer.zero_grad()
    loss.backward()
    optimizer.first_step(zero_grad=True)
    
    # 3. second forward-backward pass
    loss = loss_function(model(X), y)
    loss.backward()
    optimizer.second_step()

The most tricky part is you need to construct a map from feature field to its corresponding embedding of the model. If your training pipeline is totally different from FuxiCTR, you may implement Helen.count_feature_occurrence, which should be straightforward.

Running Environment

We recommend using Docker for reproducing the experiments.

Use the provided Dockerfile to build a Docker Image.

If docker is not available for your machine, here are some important dependencies.

  • pytorch 1.10
  • hydra-core 1.2.0
  • tqdm
  • pandas 1.3.5
  • scipy 1.7.3
  • scikit-learn 1.0.2
  • h5py 3.7.0
  • tensorboard 2.10.1

Run the experiments

In our paper, we use three public datasets, Avazu, Criteo and Taobao, all preprocessed by BARS.

Please follow their instruction to download the datasets.

To reproduce the results of DeepFM on Criteo datasets.

python main.py data=Criteo model=DeepFM optim=Helen optim.rho=0.05 optim.net_pert=True

We provide 7 models in this repo. You can specify the model by the args model in [DNN, WideDeep, PNN, DeepFM, DCN, DLRM, DCNv2].

Acknowledgement

Our training code is based on FuxiCTR. The implementation of Helen is inspired by this wonderful repo. We sincerely thank for their wonderful work.