diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/AirLoopHVACDOAS.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/AirLoopHVACDOAS.cc
index 02eb18bca70..0ef6461c08a 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/AirLoopHVACDOAS.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/AirLoopHVACDOAS.cc
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ namespace AirLoopHVACDOAS {
                         if (!(CompNum == 1 || CompNum == state.dataAirLoop->OutsideAirSys(thisDOAS.m_OASystemNum).NumComponents)) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "The fan placement is either first as blow through or last as draw through in" + CurrentModuleObject +
                                             " = " + state.dataAirLoop->OutsideAirSys(thisDOAS.m_OASystemNum).ComponentName(CompNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "The current position is number " + General::RoundSigDigits(CompNum));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("The current position is number {}", CompNum));
                             errorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == "FAN:COMPONENTMODEL") {
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ namespace AirLoopHVACDOAS {
                         if (!(CompNum == 1 || CompNum == state.dataAirLoop->OutsideAirSys(thisDOAS.m_OASystemNum).NumComponents)) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "The fan placement is either first as blow through or last as draw through in" + CurrentModuleObject +
                                             " = " + state.dataAirLoop->OutsideAirSys(thisDOAS.m_OASystemNum).ComponentName(CompNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "The current position is number " + General::RoundSigDigits(CompNum));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("The current position is number {}", CompNum));
                             errorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == "COIL:COOLING:WATER") {
@@ -742,8 +742,8 @@ namespace AirLoopHVACDOAS {
                 thisDOAS.NumOfAirLoops = fields.at("number_of_airloophvac"); //
                 if (thisDOAS.NumOfAirLoops < 1) {
                     cFieldName = "Number of AirLoopHVAC";
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + thisDOAS.Name + "\" " + cFieldName + " = " +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(thisDOAS.NumOfAirLoops));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    fmt::format("{}, \"{}\" {} = {}", cCurrentModuleObject, thisDOAS.Name, cFieldName, thisDOAS.NumOfAirLoops));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The minimum value should be 1.");
                     errorsFound = true;
                 }
@@ -1021,8 +1021,8 @@ namespace AirLoopHVACDOAS {
                 if (loop.ConveCount == 0) {
                     ++loop.ConveCount;
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Convergence limit is above 1.0e-6 for unit=" + loop.Name);
-                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The max difference of node temperatures between AirLoopDOAS outlet and OA mixer inlet =" +
-                                               General::RoundSigDigits(maxDiff, 6));
+                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                        state, format("The max difference of node temperatures between AirLoopDOAS outlet and OA mixer inlet ={:.6R}", maxDiff));
                 } else {
                     ++loop.ConveCount;
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, loop.Name +
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/AirflowNetwork/src/Properties.cpp b/src/EnergyPlus/AirflowNetwork/src/Properties.cpp
index e880ce854ea..7acc211702c 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/AirflowNetwork/src/Properties.cpp
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/AirflowNetwork/src/Properties.cpp
@@ -73,18 +73,18 @@ namespace AirflowNetwork {
             if (lowerLimitErrIdx == 0) {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "Air temperature below lower limit of -20C for conductivity calculation");
             }
-            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Air temperature below lower limit of -20C for conductivity calculation. "
-                                           "Air temperature of " + General::RoundSigDigits(LowerLimit, 1) +
-                                           " used for conductivity calculation.",
+            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("Air temperature below lower limit of -20C for conductivity calculation. Air temperature of {:.1R} "
+                                                  "used for conductivity calculation.",
+                                                  LowerLimit),
                                            lowerLimitErrIdx);
             T = LowerLimit;
         } else if (T > UpperLimit) {
             if (upperLimitErrIdx == 0) {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "Air temperature above upper limit of 70C for conductivity calculation");
             }
-            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Air temperature below lower limit of 70C for conductivity calculation. "
-                                           "Air temperature of " + General::RoundSigDigits(UpperLimit, 1) +
-                                           " used for conductivity calculation.",
+            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("Air temperature above upper limit of 70C for conductivity calculation. Air temperature of {:.1R} "
+                                                  "used for conductivity calculation.",
+                                                  UpperLimit),
                                            upperLimitErrIdx);
             T = UpperLimit;
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/AirflowNetworkBalanceManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/AirflowNetworkBalanceManager.cc
index 20aa733c346..79cba0e991f 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/AirflowNetworkBalanceManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/AirflowNetworkBalanceManager.cc
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
     using Fans::GetFanOutletNode;
     using Fans::GetFanType;
     using Fans::GetFanVolFlow;
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
     using Psychrometrics::PsyCpAirFnW;
     using Psychrometrics::PsyHFnTdbW;
     using Psychrometrics::PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW;
@@ -377,8 +377,12 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                 if (fields.find("reference_barometric_pressure") != fields.end()) { // not required field, has default value
                     pressure = fields.at("reference_barometric_pressure");
                     if (std::abs((pressure - StdBaroPress) / StdBaroPress) > 0.1) { // 10% off
-                        ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + ": " + CurrentModuleObject + ": Pressure = " + RoundSigDigits(pressure, 0) +
-                                         " differs by more than 10% from Standard Barometric Pressure = " + RoundSigDigits(StdBaroPress, 0) + '.');
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{}: {}: Pressure = {:.0R} differs by more than 10% from Standard Barometric Pressure = {:.0R}.",
+                                                RoutineName,
+                                                CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                pressure,
+                                                StdBaroPress));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                     }
                     if (pressure <= 31000.0) {
@@ -874,7 +878,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + ": " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                         ShowContinueError(state,
                             "..This object specifies that only 3 opening factors will be used. So, the value of Opening Factor #2 is set to 1.0.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value was " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneCompDetOpeningData(i).OpenFac2, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("..Input value was {:.2R}", MultizoneCompDetOpeningData(i).OpenFac2));
                         MultizoneCompDetOpeningData(i).OpenFac2 = 1.0;
                     }
                 } else if (N >= 3) {
@@ -889,7 +893,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + ": " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..This object specifies that 4 opening factors will be used. So, the value of Opening Factor #4 "
                                               "is set to 1.0.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value was " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneCompDetOpeningData(i).OpenFac4, 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("..Input value was {:.2R}", MultizoneCompDetOpeningData(i).OpenFac4));
                             MultizoneCompDetOpeningData(i).OpenFac4 = 1.0;
                         }
                         MultizoneCompDetOpeningData(i).DischCoeff4 = cds[3];                 // Discharge coefficient for opening factor #4
@@ -901,7 +905,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + ": " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..This object specifies that only 3 opening factors will be used. So, the value of Opening Factor #3 "
                                               "is set to 1.0.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value was " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneCompDetOpeningData(i).OpenFac3, 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("..Input value was {:.2R}", MultizoneCompDetOpeningData(i).OpenFac3));
                             MultizoneCompDetOpeningData(i).OpenFac3 = 1.0;
                         }
                     }
@@ -1245,8 +1249,11 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
         CurrentModuleObject = "AirflowNetwork:Distribution:Component:Fan";
         state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->DisSysNumOfCVFs = inputProcessor->getNumObjectsFound(state, CurrentModuleObject);
         if (state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->DisSysNumOfCVFs > 0 && state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->DisSysNumOfCVFs != inputProcessor->getNumObjectsFound(state, "AirLoopHVAC")) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "The number of entered AirflowNetwork:Distribution:Component:Fan objects is " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->DisSysNumOfCVFs));
-            ShowSevereError(state, "The number of entered AirLoopHVAC objects is " + RoundSigDigits(inputProcessor->getNumObjectsFound(state, "AirLoopHVAC")));
+            ShowSevereError(state,
+                            format("The number of entered AirflowNetwork:Distribution:Component:Fan objects is {}",
+                                   state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->DisSysNumOfCVFs));
+            ShowSevereError(state,
+                            format("The number of entered AirLoopHVAC objects is {}", inputProcessor->getNumObjectsFound(state, "AirLoopHVAC")));
             ShowContinueError(state, "Both numbers should be equal. Please check your inputs.");
             success = false;
         }
@@ -1666,16 +1673,18 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                 state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MinOpeningTime = Numbers(1);
                 if (state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MinOpeningTime < 0.0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, " + cNumericFields(1) + " < 0.0");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MinOpeningTime, 1) +
-                                      ", Value will be reset to 0.0");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 0.0",
+                                             state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MinOpeningTime));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..for " + cAlphaFields(1) + " = \"" + state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).Name);
                     state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MinOpeningTime = 0.0;
                 }
                 state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MinClosingTime = Numbers(2);
                 if (state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MinClosingTime < 0.0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, " + cNumericFields(2) + " < 0.0");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MinClosingTime, 1) +
-                                      ", Value will be reset to 0.0");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 0.0",
+                                             state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MinClosingTime));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..for " + cAlphaFields(1) + " = \"" + state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).Name);
                     state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MinClosingTime = 0.0;
                 }
@@ -1723,8 +1732,9 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                     state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).ComfortBouPoint = Numbers(3);
                     if (state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).ComfortBouPoint < 0.0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, " + cNumericFields(3) + " < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).ComfortBouPoint, 1) +
-                                          ", Value will be reset to 10.0 as default");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 10.0 as default",
+                                                 state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).ComfortBouPoint));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..for " + cAlphaFields(1) + " = \"" + state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).Name);
                         state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).ComfortBouPoint = 10.0;
                     }
@@ -1735,8 +1745,10 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                                  CurveValue(state, state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).ComfortHighTempCurveNum, Numbers(3))) > 0.1) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object: The difference of both curve values at boundary point > 0.1");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Both curve names are = " + cAlphaFields(2) + " and " + cAlphaFields(3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The input value of " + cNumericFields(3) + " = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).ComfortBouPoint, 1));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("The input value of {} = {:.1R}",
+                                                 cNumericFields(3),
+                                                 state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).ComfortBouPoint));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -1744,8 +1756,9 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                     state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MaxPPD = Numbers(4);
                     if (state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MaxPPD < 0.0 || state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MaxPPD > 100.0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, " + cNumericFields(4) + " beyond 0.0 and 100.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MaxPPD, 1) +
-                                          ", Value will be reset to 10.0 as default");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 10.0 as default",
+                                                 state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MaxPPD));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..for " + cAlphaFields(1) + " = \"" + state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).Name);
                         state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->OccupantVentilationControl(i).MaxPPD = 10.0;
                     }
@@ -2149,7 +2162,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
             }
             if (MultizoneZoneData(i).OpenFactor > 1.0 || MultizoneZoneData(i).OpenFactor < 0.0) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, " + cNumericFields(1) + " is out of range [0.0,1.0]");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneZoneData(i).OpenFactor, 2) + ", Value will be set to 1.0");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("..Input value = {:.2R}, Value will be set to 1.0", MultizoneZoneData(i).OpenFactor));
                 MultizoneZoneData(i).OpenFactor = 1.0;
             }
 
@@ -2158,20 +2171,22 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                 if (SELECT_CASE_var == "TEMPERATURE") { // checks on Temperature control
                     if (MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueTemp < 0.0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, " + cNumericFields(2) + " < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueTemp, 1) + ", Value will be set to 0.0");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be set to 0.0", MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueTemp));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..for " + cAlphaFields(1) + " = \"" + MultizoneZoneData(i).ZoneName);
                         MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueTemp = 0.0;
                     }
                     if (MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueTemp >= 100.0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, " + cNumericFields(2) + " >= 100.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueTemp, 1) + ", Value will be reset to 0.0");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 0.0", MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueTemp));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..for " + cAlphaFields(1) + " = \"" + MultizoneZoneData(i).ZoneName);
                         MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueTemp = 0.0;
                     }
                     if (MultizoneZoneData(i).UpValueTemp <= MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueTemp) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, " + cNumericFields(3) + " <= " + cNumericFields(2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value for " + cNumericFields(3) + " = " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneZoneData(i).UpValueTemp, 1) +
-                                          ", Value will be reset to 100.0");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("..Input value for {} = {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 100.0",
+                                                 cNumericFields(3),
+                                                 MultizoneZoneData(i).UpValueTemp));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..for " + cAlphaFields(1) + " = \"" + MultizoneZoneData(i).ZoneName);
                         MultizoneZoneData(i).UpValueTemp = 100.0;
                     }
@@ -2179,21 +2194,22 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                 } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == "ENTHALPY") { // checks for Enthalpy control
                     if (MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueEnth < 0.0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, " + cNumericFields(4) + " < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueEnth, 1) + ", Value will be reset to 0.0");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 0.0", MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueEnth));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..for " + cAlphaFields(1) + " = \"" + MultizoneZoneData(i).ZoneName);
                         MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueEnth = 0.0;
                     }
                     if (MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueEnth >= 300000.0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, " + cNumericFields(4) + " >= 300000.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueEnth, 1) +
-                                          ", Value will be reset to 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 0.0.", MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueEnth));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..for " + cAlphaFields(1) + " = \"" + MultizoneZoneData(i).ZoneName);
                         MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueEnth = 0.0;
                     }
                     if (MultizoneZoneData(i).UpValueEnth <= MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueEnth) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, " + cNumericFields(5) + " <= " + cNumericFields(4));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value for " + cNumericFields(5) + "= " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneZoneData(i).UpValueEnth, 1) +
-                                          ", Value will be reset to 300000.0");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("..Input value for {}= {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 300000.0",
+                                                 cNumericFields(5),
+                                                 MultizoneZoneData(i).UpValueEnth));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..for " + cAlphaFields(1) + " = \"" + MultizoneZoneData(i).ZoneName);
                         MultizoneZoneData(i).UpValueEnth = 300000.0;
                     }
@@ -2258,7 +2274,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                     if (UtilityRoutines::SameString(AirflowNetworkSimu.HeightOption, "ExternalNode") && lNumericBlanks(1)) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object =" + Alphas(1) + ". The input of " + cNumericFields(1) +
                                          " is required, but a blank is found.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The default value is assigned as " + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(1), 1));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The default value is assigned as {:.1R}", Numbers(1)));
                     }
                     MultizoneExternalNodeData(i).ExtNum = AirflowNetworkNumOfZones + i;          // External node number
                     MultizoneExternalNodeData(i).curve = CurveManager::GetCurveIndex(state, Alphas(2)); // Wind pressure curve
@@ -2389,7 +2405,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                 if (MultizoneSurfaceData(i).Factor > 1.0 || MultizoneSurfaceData(i).Factor <= 0.0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object=" + MultizoneSurfaceData(i).SurfName + ", " + cNumericFields(1) +
                                      " is out of range (0.0,1.0]");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneSurfaceData(i).Factor, 2) + ", Value will be set to 1.0");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..Input value = {:.2R}, Value will be set to 1.0", MultizoneSurfaceData(i).Factor));
                     MultizoneSurfaceData(i).Factor = 1.0;
                 }
                 // Get input of ventilation control and associated data
@@ -2807,8 +2823,10 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                                 "surfaces defined in " +
                                 CurrentModuleObject + " objects ");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "has to be equal to the number of AirflowNetwork:MultiZone:ExternalNode objects.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The entered number of external nodes is " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->AirflowNetworkNumOfExtNode) +
-                                  ". The entered number of external surfaces is " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->AirflowNetworkNumOfExtSurfaces) + '.');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("The entered number of external nodes is {}. The entered number of external surfaces is {}.",
+                                         state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->AirflowNetworkNumOfExtNode,
+                                         state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->AirflowNetworkNumOfExtSurfaces));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
         }
@@ -2898,22 +2916,22 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                         }
                         if (MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueTemp < 0.0) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, Low Temperature difference value < 0.0d0");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value=" + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueTemp, 1) +
-                                              ", Value will be reset to 0.0.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("..Input value={:.1R}, Value will be reset to 0.0.", MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueTemp));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..for Surface = \"" + MultizoneSurfaceData(i).SurfName + "\"");
                             MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueTemp = 0.0;
                         }
                         if (MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueTemp >= 100.0) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, Low Temperature difference value >= 100.0d0");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueTemp, 1) +
-                                              ", Value will be reset to 0.0");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 0.0", MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueTemp));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..for Surface = \"" + MultizoneSurfaceData(i).SurfName + "\"");
                             MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueTemp = 0.0;
                         }
                         if (MultizoneSurfaceData(i).UpValueTemp <= MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueTemp) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, Upper Temperature <= Lower Temperature difference value.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneSurfaceData(i).UpValueTemp, 1) +
-                                              ", Value will be reset to 100.0");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 100.0", MultizoneSurfaceData(i).UpValueTemp));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..for Surface = \"" + MultizoneSurfaceData(i).SurfName + "\"");
                             MultizoneSurfaceData(i).UpValueTemp = 100.0;
                         }
@@ -2934,22 +2952,22 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                         }
                         if (MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueEnth < 0.0) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, Low Enthalpy difference value < 0.0d0");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueEnth, 1) +
-                                              ", Value will be reset to 0.0");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 0.0", MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueEnth));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..for Surface = \"" + MultizoneSurfaceData(i).SurfName + "\"");
                             MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueEnth = 0.0;
                         }
                         if (MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueEnth >= 300000.0) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, Low Enthalpy difference value >= 300000.0");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueEnth, 1) +
-                                              ", Value will be reset to 0.0");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be reset to 0.0", MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueEnth));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..for Surface = \"" + MultizoneSurfaceData(i).SurfName + "\"");
                             MultizoneZoneData(i).LowValueEnth = 0.0;
                         }
                         if (MultizoneSurfaceData(i).UpValueEnth <= MultizoneSurfaceData(i).LowValueEnth) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " object, Upper Enthalpy <= Lower Enthalpy difference value.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "..Input value = " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneSurfaceData(i).UpValueEnth, 1) +
-                                              ", Value will be set to 300000.0");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("..Input value = {:.1R}, Value will be set to 300000.0", MultizoneSurfaceData(i).UpValueEnth));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..for Surface = \"" + MultizoneSurfaceData(i).SurfName + "\"");
                             MultizoneSurfaceData(i).UpValueEnth = 300000.0;
                         }
@@ -3021,8 +3039,11 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "SurfaceAverageCalculation is entered for field = Wind Pressure Coefficient Type.");
                 ShowContinueError(state,
                     "The AirflowNetwork model provides wind pressure coefficients for 4 vertical exterior orientations and 1 horizontal roof.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " There are only " + RoundSigDigits(n) +
-                                  " exterior surface orientations defined in this input file using AirflowNetwork:MultiZone:Surface objects.");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format(
+                        " There are only {} exterior surface orientations defined in this input file using AirflowNetwork:MultiZone:Surface objects.",
+                        n));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Reconsider if this is your modeling intent. Simulation continues.");
             }
         }
@@ -4676,7 +4697,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                                     "The inputs of component name field as a heat exchanger in AIRFLOWNETWORK:DISTRIBUTION:LINKAGE is not correct");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "The entered name of heat exchanger is " + DisSysCompHXData(i).name +
                                       " in AirflowNetwork:Distribution:Component:HeatExchanger objects");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The correct appearance number is 2. The entered appearance number is " + RoundSigDigits(count));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("The correct appearance number is 2. The entered appearance number is {}", count));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if ((!DisSysCompHXData(i).CoilParentExists) && count != 1) {
@@ -4684,7 +4705,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                                     "The inputs of component name field as a heat exchanger in AIRFLOWNETWORK:DISTRIBUTION:LINKAGE is not correct");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "The entered name of heat exchanger is " + DisSysCompHXData(i).name +
                                       " in AirflowNetwork:Distribution:Component:HeatExchanger objects");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The correct appearance number is 1. The entered appearance number is " + RoundSigDigits(count));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("The correct appearance number is 1. The entered appearance number is {}", count));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -5839,7 +5860,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                         if (MultizoneSurfaceData(i).ExtLargeOpeningErrCount < 2) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "AirflowNetwork: The window or door is open during HVAC system operation " +
                                              MultizoneSurfaceData(i).SurfName);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "The window or door opening factor is " + RoundSigDigits(MultizoneSurfaceData(i).OpenFactor, 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("The window or door opening factor is {:.2R}", MultizoneSurfaceData(i).OpenFactor));
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         } else {
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "AirFlowNetwork: " + MultizoneSurfaceData(i).SurfName +
@@ -5929,8 +5950,8 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                         ++ErrCountLowPre;
                         ShowWarningError(state, "The calculated pressure with minimum exhaust fan rate is lower than the pressure setpoint. The pressure "
                                          "control is unable to perform.");
-                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Calculated pressure = " + RoundSigDigits(ZonePressure1, 2) +
-                                                   "[Pa], Pressure setpoint =" + RoundSigDigits(PressureSet, 2));
+                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
+                                                   format("Calculated pressure = {:.2R}[Pa], Pressure setpoint ={:.2R}", ZonePressure1, PressureSet));
                     } else {
                         ++ErrCountLowPre;
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, AirflowNetworkNodeData(PressureControllerData(1).AFNNodeNum).Name +
@@ -5951,8 +5972,8 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                             ++ErrCountHighPre;
                             ShowWarningError(state, "The calculated pressure with maximum exhaust fan rate is higher than the pressure setpoint. The "
                                              "pressure control is unable to perform.");
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Calculated pressure = " + RoundSigDigits(ZonePressure2, 2) +
-                                                       "[Pa], Pressure setpoint = " + RoundSigDigits(PressureSet, 2));
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                state, format("Calculated pressure = {:.2R}[Pa], Pressure setpoint = {:.2R}", ZonePressure2, PressureSet));
                         } else {
                             ++ErrCountHighPre;
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -5973,7 +5994,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                             if (ErrCountVar == 0) {
                                 ++ErrCountVar;
                                 ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded pressure setpoint using an exhaust fan. Simulation continues.");
-                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Exhaust fan flow rate = " + RoundSigDigits(ExhaustFanMassFlowRate, 4));
+                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Exhaust fan flow rate = {:.4R}", ExhaustFanMassFlowRate));
                             } else {
                                 ++ErrCountVar;
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, PressureControllerData(1).Name +
@@ -6008,8 +6029,8 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                         ++ErrCountLowPre;
                         ShowWarningError(state, "The calculated pressure with minimum relief air rate is lower than the pressure setpoint. The pressure "
                                          "control is unable to perform.");
-                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Calculated pressure = " + RoundSigDigits(ZonePressure1, 2) +
-                                                   "[Pa], Pressure setpoint =" + RoundSigDigits(PressureSet, 2));
+                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
+                                                   format("Calculated pressure = {:.2R}[Pa], Pressure setpoint ={:.2R}", ZonePressure1, PressureSet));
                     } else {
                         ++ErrCountLowPre;
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, AirflowNetworkNodeData(PressureControllerData(1).AFNNodeNum).Name +
@@ -6031,8 +6052,8 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                             ++ErrCountHighPre;
                             ShowWarningError(state, "The calculated pressure with maximum relief air rate is higher than the pressure setpoint. The "
                                              "pressure control is unable to perform.");
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Calculated pressure = " + RoundSigDigits(ZonePressure2, 2) +
-                                                       "[Pa], Pressure setpoint = " + RoundSigDigits(PressureSet, 2));
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                state, format("Calculated pressure = {:.2R}[Pa], Pressure setpoint = {:.2R}", ZonePressure2, PressureSet));
                         } else {
                             ++ErrCountHighPre;
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -6052,7 +6073,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                             if (ErrCountVar == 0) {
                                 ++ErrCountVar;
                                 ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded pressure setpoint using relief air. Simulation continues.");
-                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Relief air flow rate = " + RoundSigDigits(ReliefMassFlowRate, 4));
+                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Relief air flow rate = {:.4R}", ReliefMassFlowRate));
                             } else {
                                 ++ErrCountVar;
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, PressureControllerData(1).Name +
@@ -6366,7 +6387,7 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                 } // End of wind direction loop
                 // Add new table
                 vals[12] = vals[0]; // Enforce periodicity
-                curveIndex[FacadeNum - 1] = AirflowNetworkBalanceManager::makeTable(state, "!WPCTABLE" + std::to_string(FacadeNum), dirs30GridIndex, vals);
+                curveIndex[FacadeNum - 1] = AirflowNetworkBalanceManager::makeTable(state, format("!WPCTABLE{}", FacadeNum), dirs30GridIndex, vals);
             } // End of facade number loop
 
         } else { //-calculate the advanced single sided wind pressure coefficients
@@ -6444,14 +6465,17 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
 
             for (FacadeNum = 1; FacadeNum <= 4; ++FacadeNum) {
                 valsByFacade[FacadeNum - 1].push_back(valsByFacade[FacadeNum - 1][0]); // Enforce periodicity
-                curveIndex[FacadeNum - 1] = AirflowNetworkBalanceManager::makeTable(state, "!SSWPCTABLEFACADE" + std::to_string(FacadeNum), dirs10GridIndex, valsByFacade[FacadeNum - 1]);
+                curveIndex[FacadeNum - 1] = AirflowNetworkBalanceManager::makeTable(
+                    state, format("!SSWPCTABLEFACADE{}", FacadeNum), dirs10GridIndex, valsByFacade[FacadeNum - 1]);
             }
             FacadeNum = 5;
             valsByFacade[FacadeNum - 1].push_back(valsByFacade[FacadeNum - 1][0]); // Enforce periodicity
-            curveIndex[FacadeNum - 1] = AirflowNetworkBalanceManager::makeTable(state, "!SSWPCTABLEFACADE" + std::to_string(FacadeNum), dirs30GridIndex, valsByFacade[FacadeNum - 1]);
+            curveIndex[FacadeNum - 1] = AirflowNetworkBalanceManager::makeTable(
+                state, format("!SSWPCTABLEFACADE{}", FacadeNum), dirs30GridIndex, valsByFacade[FacadeNum - 1]);
             for (unsigned facadeNum = 6; facadeNum <= valsByFacade.size(); ++facadeNum) {
                 valsByFacade[facadeNum - 1].push_back(valsByFacade[facadeNum - 1][0]); // Enforce periodicity
-                curveIndex[facadeNum - 1] = AirflowNetworkBalanceManager::makeTable(state, "!SSWPCTABLE" + std::to_string(facadeNum), dirs10GridIndex, valsByFacade[facadeNum - 1]);
+                curveIndex[facadeNum - 1] =
+                    AirflowNetworkBalanceManager::makeTable(state, format("!SSWPCTABLE{}", facadeNum), dirs10GridIndex, valsByFacade[facadeNum - 1]);
             }
         }
         // Connect the external nodes to the new curves
@@ -8907,10 +8931,11 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                                          "is above 10% with fan operation mode = ContFanCycCoil.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "The added zone loads using the AirflowNetwork model may not be accurate because the zone loads are "
                                           "calculated based on the mass flow rate during HVAC operation.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state,
-                            "The mass flow rate during HVAC operation = " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirLoop->AirLoopAFNInfo(AirLoopNum).LoopSystemOnMassFlowrate, 2) +
-                            " The mass flow rate during no HVAC operation = " +
-                            RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirLoop->AirLoopAFNInfo(AirLoopNum).LoopSystemOffMassFlowrate, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("The mass flow rate during HVAC operation = {:.2R} The mass flow rate during no HVAC operation = {:.2R}",
+                                   state.dataAirLoop->AirLoopAFNInfo(AirLoopNum).LoopSystemOnMassFlowrate,
+                                   state.dataAirLoop->AirLoopAFNInfo(AirLoopNum).LoopSystemOffMassFlowrate));
                         state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->UpdateAirflowNetworkMyOneTimeFlag = false;
                     }
                 }
@@ -8941,8 +8966,10 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "The mass flow rate difference is found between System Node = '" +
                                              NodeID(AirflowNetworkNodeData(Node3).EPlusNodeNum) + "' and AFN Link = '" +
                                              AirflowNetworkLinkageData(i).Name + "'.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "The system node max mass flow rate = " + RoundSigDigits(NodeMass, 3) +
-                                              " kg/s. The AFN node mass flow rate = " + RoundSigDigits(AFNMass, 3) + " kg.s.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("The system node max mass flow rate = {:.3R} kg/s. The AFN node mass flow rate = {:.3R} kg.s.",
+                                                     NodeMass,
+                                                     AFNMass));
                             WriteFlag = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -10341,8 +10368,10 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
             if (state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->NumOfExhaustFans != AirflowNetworkNumOfExhFan) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "The number of " + CurrentModuleObject +
                                 " is not equal to the number of Fan:ZoneExhaust fans defined in ZoneHVAC:EquipmentConnections");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The number of " + CurrentModuleObject + " is " + RoundSigDigits(AirflowNetworkNumOfExhFan));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The number of Zone exhaust fans defined in ZoneHVAC:EquipmentConnections is " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->NumOfExhaustFans));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The number of {} is {}", CurrentModuleObject, AirflowNetworkNumOfExhFan));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("The number of Zone exhaust fans defined in ZoneHVAC:EquipmentConnections is {}",
+                                         state.dataAirflowNetworkBalanceManager->NumOfExhaustFans));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -10660,11 +10689,12 @@ namespace AirflowNetworkBalanceManager {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "The wind pressure coefficient model for this zone will be set to \"STANDARD\" and simulation continues.");
                     MultizoneZoneData(AFNZnNum).SingleSidedCpType = "STANDARD";
                 } else if (NumofExtSurfInZone(AFNZnNum) > 2) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "AirflowNetwork:Multizone:Zone = " + MultizoneZoneData(AFNZnNum).ZoneName +
-                                     " has single side wind pressure coefficient type \"ADVANCED\", but has " +
-                                     RoundSigDigits(NumofExtSurfInZone(AFNZnNum)) +
-                                     " exterior AirflowNetwork:MultiZone:Component:DetailedOpening and/or "
-                                     "AirflowNetwork:MultiZone:Component:SimpleOpening objects.");
+                    ShowWarningError(
+                        state,
+                        format("AirflowNetwork:Multizone:Zone = {} has single side wind pressure coefficient type \"ADVANCED\", but has {} exterior "
+                               "AirflowNetwork:MultiZone:Component:DetailedOpening and/or AirflowNetwork:MultiZone:Component:SimpleOpening objects.",
+                               MultizoneZoneData(AFNZnNum).ZoneName,
+                               NumofExtSurfInZone(AFNZnNum)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Zones must have exactly two openings in order for the \"ADVANCED\" single side wind pressure coefficient "
                                       "model to be used.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "The wind pressure coefficient model for this zone will be set to \"STANDARD\" and simulation continues.");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/All_Simple_Sizing.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/All_Simple_Sizing.cc
index 478423c881d..a49727f53a4 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/All_Simple_Sizing.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/All_Simple_Sizing.cc
@@ -168,11 +168,10 @@ Real64 ASHRAEMinSATCoolingSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalVal
                     this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName + ", Developer Error: Component sizing incomplete.";
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowSevereError(state, msg);
-                msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString +
-                      ", DataCapacityUsedForSizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing, 1);
+                msg = format("SizingString = {}, DataCapacityUsedForSizing = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString + ", DataFlowUsedForSizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataFlowUsedForSizing, 1);
+                msg = format("SizingString = {}, DataFlowUsedForSizing = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->dataFlowUsedForSizing);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             }
@@ -192,15 +191,13 @@ Real64 ASHRAEMinSATCoolingSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalVal
                     this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName + ", Developer Error: Component sizing incomplete.";
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowSevereError(state, msg);
-                msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString +
-                      ", DataCapacityUsedForSizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing, 1);
+                msg = format("SizingString = {}, DataCapacityUsedForSizing = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString + ", DataFlowUsedForSizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataFlowUsedForSizing, 1);
+                msg = format("SizingString = {}, DataFlowUsedForSizing = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->dataFlowUsedForSizing);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString +
-                      ", DataZoneUsedForSizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(Real64(this->dataZoneUsedForSizing), 0);
+                msg = format("SizingString = {}, DataZoneUsedForSizing = {:.0T}", this->sizingString, Real64(this->dataZoneUsedForSizing));
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             }
         }
@@ -230,11 +227,10 @@ Real64 ASHRAEMaxSATHeatingSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalVal
                     this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName + ", Developer Error: Component sizing incomplete.";
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowSevereError(state, msg);
-                msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString +
-                      ", DataCapacityUsedForSizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing, 1);
+                msg = format("SizingString = {}, DataCapacityUsedForSizing = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString + ", DataFlowUsedForSizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataFlowUsedForSizing, 1);
+                msg = format("SizingString = {}, DataFlowUsedForSizing = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->dataFlowUsedForSizing);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             }
@@ -254,15 +250,13 @@ Real64 ASHRAEMaxSATHeatingSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalVal
                     this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName + ", Developer Error: Component sizing incomplete.";
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowSevereError(state, msg);
-                msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString +
-                      ", DataCapacityUsedForSizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing, 1);
+                msg = format("SizingString = {}, DataCapacityUsedForSizing = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString + ", DataFlowUsedForSizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataFlowUsedForSizing, 1);
+                msg = format("SizingString = {}, DataFlowUsedForSizing = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->dataFlowUsedForSizing);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString +
-                      ", DataZoneUsedForSizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(Real64(this->dataZoneUsedForSizing), 0);
+                msg = format("SizingString = {}, DataZoneUsedForSizing = {:.0T}", this->sizingString, Real64(this->dataZoneUsedForSizing));
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/Base.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/Base.cc
index 3a1963d184b..7c0296fef90 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/Base.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/Base.cc
@@ -401,11 +401,10 @@ void BaseSizer::selectSizerOutput(EnergyPlusData &state, bool &errorsFound)
                     std::string msg = this->callingRoutine + ": Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName;
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowMessage(state, msg);
-                    msg =
-                        "User-Specified " + this->sizingStringScalable + this->sizingString + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->originalValue, 5);
+                    msg = format("User-Specified {}{} = {:.5R}", this->sizingStringScalable, this->sizingString, this->originalValue);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "differs from Design Size " + this->sizingString + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 5);
+                    msg = format("differs from Design Size {} = {:.5R}", this->sizingString, this->autoSizedValue);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     msg = "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.";
@@ -421,7 +420,7 @@ void BaseSizer::selectSizerOutput(EnergyPlusData &state, bool &errorsFound)
             std::string msg = this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName + ", Developer Error: Component sizing incomplete.";
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             ShowSevereError(state, msg);
-            msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString + ", SizingResult = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->originalValue, 1);
+            msg = format("SizingString = {}, SizingResult = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->originalValue);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             this->errorType = AutoSizingResultType::ErrorType1;
@@ -527,11 +526,10 @@ void BaseSizer::select2StgDXHumCtrlSizerOutput(EnergyPlusData &state, bool &erro
                     std::string msg = this->callingRoutine + ": Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName;
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowMessage(state, msg);
-                    msg =
-                        "User-Specified " + this->sizingStringScalable + this->sizingString + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->originalValue, 5);
+                    msg = format("User-Specified {}{} = {:.5R}", this->sizingStringScalable, this->sizingString, this->originalValue);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "differs from Design Size " + this->sizingString + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 5);
+                    msg = format("differs from Design Size {} = {:.5R}", this->sizingString, this->autoSizedValue);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     msg = "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.";
@@ -547,7 +545,7 @@ void BaseSizer::select2StgDXHumCtrlSizerOutput(EnergyPlusData &state, bool &erro
             std::string msg = this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName + ", Developer Error: Component sizing incomplete.";
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             ShowSevereError(state, msg);
-            msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString + ", SizingResult = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->originalValue, 1);
+            msg = format("SizingString = {}, SizingResult = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->originalValue);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             this->errorType = AutoSizingResultType::ErrorType1;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingAirFlowSizing.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingAirFlowSizing.cc
index 0344152c560..d59c6125315 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingAirFlowSizing.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingAirFlowSizing.cc
@@ -91,9 +91,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else {
                         if (DataSizing::ZoneCoolingOnlyFan) {
@@ -102,11 +103,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (DataSizing::ZoneHeatingOnlyFan) {
                             this->autoSizedValue = this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow;
@@ -114,11 +114,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow) {
                             this->autoSizedValue = this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirVolFlow;
@@ -126,11 +125,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                             this->autoSizedValue = this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow;
@@ -138,11 +136,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                             this->autoSizedValue = max(this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirVolFlow,
@@ -152,24 +149,20 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                     this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                     dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                        format("{}/{} {}",
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                               coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                                 }
                             } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow) {
                                 if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                     this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                     dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                        format("{}/{} {}",
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                               coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                                 }
                             }
                         } else {
@@ -180,24 +173,20 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                     this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                     dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                        format("{}/{} {}",
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                               coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                                 }
                             } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow) {
                                 if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                     this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                     dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                        format("{}/{} {}",
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                               coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                                 }
                             }
                         }
@@ -209,9 +198,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (DataSizing::ZoneHeatingOnlyFan) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow;
@@ -219,9 +209,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFracOfAutosizedCoolingAirflow * this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirVolFlow;
@@ -229,9 +220,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow;
@@ -239,9 +231,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue =
@@ -253,11 +246,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue ==
                                    this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow) {
@@ -265,11 +257,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -282,11 +273,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue ==
                                    this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow) {
@@ -294,11 +284,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -309,9 +298,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (DataSizing::ZoneHeatingOnlyFan) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow;
@@ -319,9 +309,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFracOfAutosizedCoolingAirflow * this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirVolFlow;
@@ -329,9 +320,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow;
@@ -339,9 +331,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue =
@@ -353,11 +346,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue ==
                                    this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow) {
@@ -365,11 +357,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -382,11 +373,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue ==
                                    this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow) {
@@ -394,11 +384,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -409,9 +398,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (DataSizing::ZoneHeatingOnlyFan) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
@@ -419,9 +409,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFlowPerCoolingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedCoolingCapacity;
@@ -429,9 +420,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
@@ -439,9 +431,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = max(this->dataFlowPerCoolingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedCoolingCapacity,
@@ -451,22 +444,20 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity) {
                             if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -477,22 +468,20 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity) {
                             if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -503,9 +492,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (DataSizing::ZoneHeatingOnlyFan) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
@@ -513,9 +503,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFlowPerCoolingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedCoolingCapacity;
@@ -523,9 +514,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
@@ -533,9 +525,10 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = max(this->dataFlowPerCoolingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedCoolingCapacity,
@@ -545,22 +538,20 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity) {
                             if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -571,22 +562,20 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity) {
                             if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -658,7 +647,7 @@ Real64 CoolingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
             std::string msg = this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName + ", Developer Error: Component sizing incomplete.";
             ShowSevereError(state, msg);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
-            msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString + ", SizingResult = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 1);
+            msg = format("SizingString = {}, SizingResult = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->autoSizedValue);
             ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             errorsFound = true;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingCapacitySizing.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingCapacitySizing.cc
index a1f6cea1ac4..1446744d397 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingCapacitySizing.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingCapacitySizing.cc
@@ -220,31 +220,27 @@ Real64 CoolingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue,
                 this->dataDesAccountForFanHeat = true; // reset for next water coil
                 if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && this->autoSizedValue <= 0.0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, this->callingRoutine + ": Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Rated Total Cooling Capacity = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 2) + " [W]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Rated Total Cooling Capacity = {:.2T} [W]", this->autoSizedValue));
                     if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingCapacity) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Capacity passed by parent object to size child component = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 2) + " [W]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Capacity passed by parent object to size child component = {:.2T} [W]", this->autoSizedValue));
                     } else {
                         if (UtilityRoutines::SameString(this->compType, "COIL:COOLING:WATER") ||
                             UtilityRoutines::SameString(this->compType, "COIL:COOLING:WATER:DETAILEDGEOMETRY") ||
                             UtilityRoutines::SameString(this->compType, "ZONEHVAC:IDEALLOADSAIRSYSTEM")) {
                             if (this->termUnitIU || this->zoneEqFanCoil) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Capacity passed by parent object to size child component = " +
-                                                  General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 2) + " [W]");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("...Capacity passed by parent object to size child component = {:.2T} [W]", this->autoSizedValue));
                             } else {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Air flow rate used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DesVolFlow, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Coil inlet air temperature used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilInTemp, 2) +
-                                                  " [C]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Coil outlet air temperature used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilOutTemp, 2) +
-                                                  " [C]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air flow rate used for sizing = {:.5T} [m3/s]", DesVolFlow));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Coil inlet air temperature used for sizing = {:.2T} [C]", CoilInTemp));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Coil outlet air temperature used for sizing = {:.2T} [C]", CoilOutTemp));
                             }
                         } else {
                             if (CoilOutTemp > -999.0) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Air flow rate used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DesVolFlow, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Coil inlet air temperature used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilInTemp, 2) +
-                                                  " [C]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Coil outlet air temperature used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilOutTemp, 2) +
-                                                  " [C]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air flow rate used for sizing = {:.5T} [m3/s]", DesVolFlow));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Coil inlet air temperature used for sizing = {:.2T} [C]", CoilInTemp));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Coil outlet air temperature used for sizing = {:.2T} [C]", CoilOutTemp));
                             } else {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Capacity used to size child component set to 0 [W]");
                             }
@@ -445,18 +441,18 @@ Real64 CoolingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue,
                 this->dataDesAccountForFanHeat = true;                                 // reset for next water coil
                 if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && this->autoSizedValue <= 0.0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, this->callingRoutine + ": Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Rated Total Cooling Capacity = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 2) + " [W]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Rated Total Cooling Capacity = {:.2T} [W]", this->autoSizedValue));
                     if (this->oaSysFlag || this->airLoopSysFlag ||
                         this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).CoolingCapMethod == DataSizing::CapacityPerFloorArea ||
                         (this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).CoolingCapMethod == DataSizing::CoolingDesignCapacity &&
                          this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).CoolingTotalCapacity)) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Capacity passed by parent object to size child component = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 2) + " [W]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Capacity passed by parent object to size child component = {:.2T} [W]", this->autoSizedValue));
                     } else {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Air flow rate used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DesVolFlow, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Outdoor air fraction used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(OutAirFrac, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Coil inlet air temperature used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilInTemp, 2) + " [C]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Coil outlet air temperature used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilOutTemp, 2) + " [C]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air flow rate used for sizing = {:.5T} [m3/s]", DesVolFlow));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Outdoor air fraction used for sizing = {:.2T}", OutAirFrac));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Coil inlet air temperature used for sizing = {:.2T} [C]", CoilInTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Coil outlet air temperature used for sizing = {:.2T} [C]", CoilOutTemp));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -468,7 +464,7 @@ Real64 CoolingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue,
             std::string msg = this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName + ", Developer Error: Component sizing incomplete.";
             ShowSevereError(state, msg);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
-            msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString + ", SizingResult = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 1);
+            msg = format("SizingString = {}, SizingResult = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->autoSizedValue);
             ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             errorsFound = true;
@@ -493,11 +489,12 @@ Real64 CoolingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue,
                         ShowWarningError(state, this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + this->sizingString +
                                           " will be limited by the minimum rated volume flow per rated total capacity ratio.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...DX coil volume flow rate (m3/s ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DesVolFlow, 6));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Requested capacity (W ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Requested flow/capacity ratio (m3/s/W ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum flow/capacity ratio (m3/s/W ) = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(DataHVACGlobals::MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT), 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...DX coil volume flow rate (m3/s ) = {:.6T}", DesVolFlow));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Requested capacity (W ) = {:.3T}", this->autoSizedValue));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Requested flow/capacity ratio (m3/s/W ) = {:.3T}", RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Minimum flow/capacity ratio (m3/s/W ) = {:.3T}",
+                                                 DataHVACGlobals::MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT)));
                     }
 
                     DXFlowPerCapMinRatio = (DesVolFlow / DataHVACGlobals::MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT)) /
@@ -505,18 +502,19 @@ Real64 CoolingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue,
                     this->autoSizedValue = DesVolFlow / DataHVACGlobals::MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT);
 
                     if (!this->dataEMSOverride && state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && this->printWarningFlag) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Adjusted capacity ( W ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Adjusted capacity ( W ) = {:.3T}", this->autoSizedValue));
                     }
                 } else if (RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap > DataHVACGlobals::MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT)) {
                     if (!this->dataEMSOverride && state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && this->printWarningFlag) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + this->sizingString +
                                           " will be limited by the maximum rated volume flow per rated total capacity ratio.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...DX coil volume flow rate ( m3/s ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DesVolFlow, 6));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Requested capacity ( W ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Requested flow/capacity ratio ( m3/s/W ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum flow/capacity ratio ( m3/s/W ) = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(DataHVACGlobals::MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT), 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...DX coil volume flow rate ( m3/s ) = {:.6T}", DesVolFlow));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Requested capacity ( W ) = {:.3T}", this->autoSizedValue));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Requested flow/capacity ratio ( m3/s/W ) = {:.3T}", RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Maximum flow/capacity ratio ( m3/s/W ) = {:.3T}",
+                                                 DataHVACGlobals::MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT)));
                     }
 
                     DXFlowPerCapMaxRatio = DesVolFlow / DataHVACGlobals::MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT) /
@@ -524,7 +522,7 @@ Real64 CoolingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue,
                     this->autoSizedValue = DesVolFlow / DataHVACGlobals::MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT);
 
                     if (!this->dataEMSOverride && state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && this->printWarningFlag) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Adjusted capacity ( W ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Adjusted capacity ( W ) = {:.3T}", this->autoSizedValue));
                     }
                 }
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingSHRSizing.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingSHRSizing.cc
index 878f527ff88..2312a7a1711 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingSHRSizing.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingSHRSizing.cc
@@ -149,9 +149,9 @@ void CoolingSHRSizer::updateSizingString()
         }
     } else if (this->coilType_Num == DataHVACGlobals::CoilDX_MultiSpeedCooling) {
         if (this->isEpJSON) {
-            this->sizingString = "speed_" + General::TrimSigDigits(DataSizing::DataDXSpeedNum) + "_rated_sensible_heat_ratio";
+            this->sizingString = fmt::format("speed_{}_rated_sensible_heat_ratio", DataSizing::DataDXSpeedNum);
         } else {
-            this->sizingString = "Speed " + General::TrimSigDigits(DataSizing::DataDXSpeedNum) + " Rated Sensible Heat Ratio";
+            this->sizingString = fmt::format("Speed {} Rated Sensible Heat Ratio", DataSizing::DataDXSpeedNum);
         }
     } else if (this->coilType_Num == DataHVACGlobals::CoilVRF_FluidTCtrl_Cooling) {
         if (this->isEpJSON) {
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingWaterDesAirOutletHumRatSizing.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingWaterDesAirOutletHumRatSizing.cc
index c50520ef089..bbc25577b6e 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingWaterDesAirOutletHumRatSizing.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingWaterDesAirOutletHumRatSizing.cc
@@ -102,10 +102,10 @@ Real64 CoolingWaterDesAirOutletHumRatSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _
                 this->callingRoutine + ":" + " Coil=\"" + this->compName + "\", Cooling Coil has leaving humidity ratio > entering humidity ratio.";
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             ShowWarningError(state, msg);
-            msg = "    Wair,in =  " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->dataDesInletAirHumRat, 6) + " [kgWater/kgDryAir]";
+            msg = format("    Wair,in =  {:.6R} [kgWater/kgDryAir]", this->dataDesInletAirHumRat);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-            msg = "    Wair,out = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 6) + " [kgWater/kgDryAir]";
+            msg = format("    Wair,out = {:.6R} [kgWater/kgDryAir]", this->autoSizedValue);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             if (this->dataDesInletAirHumRat > 0.016) {
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ Real64 CoolingWaterDesAirOutletHumRatSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _
             msg = "....coil leaving humidity ratio will be reset to:";
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-            msg = "    Wair,out = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 6) + " [kgWater/kgDryAir]";
+            msg = format("    Wair,out = {:.6R} [kgWater/kgDryAir]", this->autoSizedValue);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             ShowContinueError(state, msg);
         }
@@ -133,24 +133,24 @@ Real64 CoolingWaterDesAirOutletHumRatSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _
                                   "temperature > design air entering humidity ratio.";
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowWarningError(state, msg);
-                msg = "    Wair,in =  " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->dataDesInletAirHumRat, 6) + " [kgWater/kgDryAir]";
+                msg = format("    Wair,in =  {:.6R} [kgWater/kgDryAir]", this->dataDesInletAirHumRat);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "    Wair,out = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 6) + " [kgWater/kgDryAir]";
+                msg = format("    Wair,out = {:.6R} [kgWater/kgDryAir]", this->autoSizedValue);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "    Inlet chilled water temperature = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->dataDesInletWaterTemp, 3) + " [C]";
+                msg = format("    Inlet chilled water temperature = {:.3R} [C]", this->dataDesInletWaterTemp);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "    Minimum humidity ratio at saturation for inlet chilled water temperature = " +
-                      General::RoundSigDigits(desHumRatAtWaterInTemp, 6) + " [kgWater/kgDryAir]";
+                msg = format("    Minimum humidity ratio at saturation for inlet chilled water temperature = {:.6R} [kgWater/kgDryAir]",
+                             desHumRatAtWaterInTemp);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                 this->autoSizedValue = this->dataDesInletAirHumRat;
                 msg = "....coil leaving humidity ratio will be reset to:";
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "    Wair,out = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 6) + " [kgWater/kgDryAir]";
+                msg = format("    Wair,out = {:.6R} [kgWater/kgDryAir]", this->autoSizedValue);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingWaterDesAirOutletTempSizing.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingWaterDesAirOutletTempSizing.cc
index 59eb08fe4a4..668bb34dd16 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingWaterDesAirOutletTempSizing.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/CoolingWaterDesAirOutletTempSizing.cc
@@ -102,17 +102,17 @@ Real64 CoolingWaterDesAirOutletTempSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _or
                                   "\", Cooling Coil has leaving air temperature < entering water temperature.";
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowWarningError(state, msg);
-                msg = "    Tair,out  =  " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 3);
+                msg = format("    Tair,out  =  {:.3R}", this->autoSizedValue);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "    Twater,in = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->dataDesInletWaterTemp, 3);
+                msg = format("    Twater,in = {:.3R}", this->dataDesInletWaterTemp);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                 this->autoSizedValue = this->dataDesInletWaterTemp + 0.5;
                 msg = "....coil leaving air temperature will be reset to:";
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "    Tair,out = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 3);
+                msg = format("    Tair,out = {:.3R}", this->autoSizedValue);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             }
@@ -159,14 +159,14 @@ Real64 CoolingWaterDesAirOutletTempSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _or
                                   "\", Cooling Coil has leaving air temperature < entering water temperature.";
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowWarningError(state, msg);
-                msg = "    Tair,out  =  " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 3);
+                msg = format("    Tair,out  =  {:.3R}", this->autoSizedValue);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "    Twater,in = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->dataDesInletWaterTemp, 3);
+                msg = format("    Twater,in = {:.3R}", this->dataDesInletWaterTemp);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                 this->autoSizedValue = this->dataDesInletWaterTemp + 0.5;
                 msg = "....coil leaving air temperature will be reset to:";
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "    Tair,out = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 3);
+                msg = format("    Tair,out = {:.3R}", this->autoSizedValue);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/HeatingAirFlowSizing.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/HeatingAirFlowSizing.cc
index f1376837df3..cde76257832 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/HeatingAirFlowSizing.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/HeatingAirFlowSizing.cc
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ Real64 HeatingAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, b
             std::string msg = this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName + ", Developer Error: Component sizing incomplete.";
             ShowSevereError(state, msg);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
-            msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString + ", SizingResult = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 1);
+            msg = format("SizingString = {}, SizingResult = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->autoSizedValue);
             ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             errorsFound = true;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/HeatingCapacitySizing.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/HeatingCapacitySizing.cc
index 08446720ed7..931d99b8419 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/HeatingCapacitySizing.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/HeatingCapacitySizing.cc
@@ -193,16 +193,16 @@ Real64 HeatingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue,
                 }
                 if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && this->autoSizedValue <= 0.0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, this->callingRoutine + ": Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Rated Total Heating Capacity = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 2) + " [W]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Rated Total Heating Capacity = {:.2T} [W]", this->autoSizedValue));
                     if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingCapacity ||
                         (this->dataCoolCoilCap > 0.0 && this->dataFlowUsedForSizing > 0.0)) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Capacity passed by parent object to size child component = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(NominalCapacityDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Capacity passed by parent object to size child component = {:.2T} [W]", NominalCapacityDes));
                     } else {
                         if (CoilOutTemp > -999.0) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Air flow rate used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DesVolFlow, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Coil inlet air temperature used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilInTemp, 2) + " [C]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Coil outlet air temperature used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilOutTemp, 2) + " [C]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air flow rate used for sizing = {:.5T} [m3/s]", DesVolFlow));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Coil inlet air temperature used for sizing = {:.2T} [C]", CoilInTemp));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Coil outlet air temperature used for sizing = {:.2T} [C]", CoilOutTemp));
                         } else {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Capacity used to size child component set to 0 [W]");
                         }
@@ -366,15 +366,14 @@ Real64 HeatingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue,
                 this->autoSizedValue = NominalCapacityDes * this->dataHeatSizeRatio * this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
                 if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && this->autoSizedValue <= 0.0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, this->callingRoutine + ": Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Rated Total Heating Capacity = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 2) + " [W]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Rated Total Heating Capacity = {:.2T} [W]", this->autoSizedValue));
                     if (CoilOutTemp > -999.0) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Air flow rate used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DesVolFlow, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Outdoor air fraction used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(OutAirFrac, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Coil inlet air temperature used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilInTemp, 2) + " [C]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Coil outlet air temperature used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilOutTemp, 2) + " [C]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air flow rate used for sizing = {:.5T} [m3/s]", DesVolFlow));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Outdoor air fraction used for sizing = {:.2T}", OutAirFrac));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Coil inlet air temperature used for sizing = {:.2T} [C]", CoilInTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Coil outlet air temperature used for sizing = {:.2T} [C]", CoilOutTemp));
                     } else {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Capacity passed by parent object to size child component = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DesCoilLoad, 2) +
-                                          " [W]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Capacity passed by parent object to size child component = {:.2T} [W]", DesCoilLoad));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -386,7 +385,7 @@ Real64 HeatingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue,
             std::string msg = this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName + ", Developer Error: Component sizing incomplete.";
             ShowSevereError(state, msg);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
-            msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString + ", SizingResult = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 1);
+            msg = format("SizingString = {}, SizingResult = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->autoSizedValue);
             ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             errorsFound = true;
@@ -411,11 +410,12 @@ Real64 HeatingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue,
                         ShowWarningError(state, this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + this->sizingString +
                                           " will be limited by the minimum rated volume flow per rated total capacity ratio.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...DX coil volume flow rate (m3/s ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DesVolFlow, 6));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Requested capacity (W ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Requested flow/capacity ratio (m3/s/W ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum flow/capacity ratio (m3/s/W ) = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(DataHVACGlobals::MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT), 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...DX coil volume flow rate (m3/s ) = {:.6T}", DesVolFlow));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Requested capacity (W ) = {:.3T}", this->autoSizedValue));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Requested flow/capacity ratio (m3/s/W ) = {:.3T}", RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Minimum flow/capacity ratio (m3/s/W ) = {:.3T}",
+                                                 DataHVACGlobals::MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT)));
                     }
 
                     DXFlowPerCapMinRatio = (DesVolFlow / DataHVACGlobals::MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT)) /
@@ -423,18 +423,19 @@ Real64 HeatingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue,
                     this->autoSizedValue = DesVolFlow / DataHVACGlobals::MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT);
 
                     if (!this->dataEMSOverride && state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && this->printWarningFlag) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Adjusted capacity ( W ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Adjusted capacity ( W ) = {:.3T}", this->autoSizedValue));
                     }
                 } else if (RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap > DataHVACGlobals::MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT)) {
                     if (!this->dataEMSOverride && state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && this->printWarningFlag) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + this->sizingString +
                                           " will be limited by the maximum rated volume flow per rated total capacity ratio.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...DX coil volume flow rate ( m3/s ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DesVolFlow, 6));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Requested capacity ( W ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Requested flow/capacity ratio ( m3/s/W ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum flow/capacity ratio ( m3/s/W ) = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(DataHVACGlobals::MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT), 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...DX coil volume flow rate ( m3/s ) = {:.6T}", DesVolFlow));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Requested capacity ( W ) = {:.3T}", this->autoSizedValue));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Requested flow/capacity ratio ( m3/s/W ) = {:.3T}", RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Maximum flow/capacity ratio ( m3/s/W ) = {:.3T}",
+                                                 DataHVACGlobals::MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT)));
                     }
 
                     DXFlowPerCapMaxRatio = DesVolFlow / DataHVACGlobals::MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT) /
@@ -442,7 +443,7 @@ Real64 HeatingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue,
                     this->autoSizedValue = DesVolFlow / DataHVACGlobals::MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DataHVACGlobals::DXCT);
 
                     if (!this->dataEMSOverride && state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && this->printWarningFlag) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Adjusted capacity ( W ) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Adjusted capacity ( W ) = {:.3T}", this->autoSizedValue));
                     }
                 }
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/SystemAirFlowSizing.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/SystemAirFlowSizing.cc
index cf360be9a01..de3b172a46e 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/SystemAirFlowSizing.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/SystemAirFlowSizing.cc
@@ -87,22 +87,20 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow) {
                             if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).AirVolFlow) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = "Unknown";
@@ -114,11 +112,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->zoneHeatingOnlyFan) {
                             this->autoSizedValue = this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow;
@@ -126,11 +123,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow) {
                             this->autoSizedValue = this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirVolFlow;
@@ -138,11 +134,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                             this->autoSizedValue = this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow;
@@ -150,11 +145,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                             this->autoSizedValue = max(this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirVolFlow,
@@ -164,24 +158,20 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                     this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                     dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                        format("{}/{} {}",
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                               coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                                 }
                             } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow) {
                                 if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                     this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                     dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                        format("{}/{} {}",
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                               coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                                 }
                             }
                         } else {
@@ -192,24 +182,20 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                     this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                     dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                        format("{}/{} {}",
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                               coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                                 }
                             } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow) {
                                 if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                     this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                     dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                        format("{}/{} {}",
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                               coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                                 }
                             }
                         }
@@ -221,9 +207,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneHeatingOnlyFan) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow;
@@ -231,9 +218,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFracOfAutosizedCoolingAirflow * this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirVolFlow;
@@ -241,9 +229,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow;
@@ -251,9 +240,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue =
@@ -265,11 +255,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue ==
                                    this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow) {
@@ -277,11 +266,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -294,11 +282,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue ==
                                    this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow) {
@@ -306,11 +293,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -321,9 +307,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneHeatingOnlyFan) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow;
@@ -331,9 +318,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFracOfAutosizedCoolingAirflow * this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirVolFlow;
@@ -341,9 +329,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow;
@@ -351,9 +340,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue =
@@ -365,11 +355,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue ==
                                    this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow) {
@@ -377,11 +366,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -394,11 +382,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue ==
                                    this->dataFracOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow * this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow) {
@@ -406,11 +393,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -421,9 +407,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneHeatingOnlyFan) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
@@ -431,9 +418,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFlowPerCoolingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedCoolingCapacity;
@@ -441,9 +429,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
@@ -451,9 +440,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = max(this->dataFlowPerCoolingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedCoolingCapacity,
@@ -463,22 +453,20 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity) {
                             if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -489,22 +477,20 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity) {
                             if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -515,9 +501,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneHeatingOnlyFan) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
@@ -525,9 +512,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFlowPerCoolingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedCoolingCapacity;
@@ -535,9 +523,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
@@ -545,9 +534,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = max(this->dataFlowPerCoolingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedCoolingCapacity,
@@ -557,22 +547,20 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity) {
                             if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -583,22 +571,20 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->dataFlowPerHeatingCapacity * this->dataAutosizedHeatingCapacity) {
                             if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -609,9 +595,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && !this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue = this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow;
@@ -619,9 +606,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                             DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                             dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                format("{}/{} {}",
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                       coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                         }
                     } else if (this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirFlow && this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
                         this->autoSizedValue =
@@ -631,22 +619,20 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->zoneEqSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatingAirVolFlow) {
                             if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -660,11 +646,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                             }
                         } else if (this->zoneHeatingOnlyFan) {
                             this->autoSizedValue = this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow;
@@ -672,11 +657,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                             }
                         } else {
                             this->autoSizedValue = max(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesCoolVolFlow,
@@ -686,24 +670,20 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                     this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Title;
                                     dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+                                        format("{}/{} {}",
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                               coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax));
                                 }
                             } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).DesHeatVolFlow) {
                                 if (this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
                                     this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                     dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+                                        format("{}/{} {}",
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                               coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax));
                                 }
                             }
                         }
@@ -762,16 +742,13 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 if (DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD > 0 &&
                                     DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Title;
-                                    dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " +
+                                    dateTimeFanPeak = format(
+                                        "{}/{} {}",
+                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Month,
+                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).DayOfMonth,
                                         coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state,
                                             DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum)
-                                                .TimeStepAtCoolFlowPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD));
+                                                .TimeStepAtCoolFlowPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD)));
                                 }
 
                             } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->unitarySysEqSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatingAirVolFlow) {
@@ -779,11 +756,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                     this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                     dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).SysHeatAirTimeStepPk);
+                                        format("{}/{} {}",
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                               coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).SysHeatAirTimeStepPk));
                                 }
                             }
                         } else if (this->unitarySysEqSizing(this->curSysNum).CoolingAirFlow) {
@@ -791,16 +767,13 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                             if (DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD > 0 &&
                                 DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Title;
-                                dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " +
+                                dateTimeFanPeak = format(
+                                    "{}/{} {}",
+                                    state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Month,
+                                    state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).DayOfMonth,
                                     coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state,
                                         DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum)
-                                            .TimeStepAtCoolFlowPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD));
+                                            .TimeStepAtCoolFlowPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD)));
                             }
                         } else if (this->unitarySysEqSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatingAirFlow) {
                             this->autoSizedValue = this->unitarySysEqSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatingAirVolFlow;
@@ -808,9 +781,10 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).SysHeatAirTimeStepPk);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).SysHeatAirTimeStepPk));
                             }
 
                         } else {
@@ -820,26 +794,22 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                     this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                     dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).SysHeatAirTimeStepPk);
+                                        format("{}/{} {}",
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                               coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).SysHeatAirTimeStepPk));
                                 }
                             } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).DesCoolVolFlow) {
                                 if (DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD > 0 &&
                                     DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                     DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Title;
-                                    dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Month) +
-                                        "/" +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                            state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).DayOfMonth) +
-                                        " " +
+                                    dateTimeFanPeak = format(
+                                        "{}/{} {}",
+                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Month,
+                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).DayOfMonth,
                                         coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state,
                                             DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum)
-                                                .TimeStepAtCoolFlowPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD));
+                                                .TimeStepAtCoolFlowPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD)));
                                 }
                             }
                         }
@@ -850,24 +820,22 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
                                 this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
                                 dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).SysHeatAirTimeStepPk);
+                                    format("{}/{} {}",
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Month,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                           coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).SysHeatAirTimeStepPk));
                             }
                         } else if (this->autoSizedValue == this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).DesCoolVolFlow) {
                             if (DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD > 0 &&
                                 DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
                                 DDNameFanPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Title;
-                                dateTimeFanPeak =
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Month) +
-                                    "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(
-                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " +
+                                dateTimeFanPeak = format(
+                                    "{}/{} {}",
+                                    state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Month,
+                                    state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).DayOfMonth,
                                     coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state,
                                         DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum)
-                                            .TimeStepAtCoolFlowPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD));
+                                            .TimeStepAtCoolFlowPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(this->curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD)));
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -882,7 +850,7 @@ Real64 SystemAirFlowSizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValue, bo
             std::string msg = this->callingRoutine + ' ' + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName + ", Developer Error: Component sizing incomplete.";
             ShowSevereError(state, msg);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
-            msg = "SizingString = " + this->sizingString + ", SizingResult = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 1);
+            msg = format("SizingString = {}, SizingResult = {:.1T}", this->sizingString, this->autoSizedValue);
             ShowContinueError(state, msg);
             this->addErrorMessage(msg);
             errorsFound = true;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/WaterHeatingCapacitySizing.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/WaterHeatingCapacitySizing.cc
index a0ef667abd8..7bef24bd79d 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/WaterHeatingCapacitySizing.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/WaterHeatingCapacitySizing.cc
@@ -122,27 +122,27 @@ Real64 WaterHeatingCapacitySizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalVa
                 std::string msg = this->callingRoutine + ": Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->compType + ' ' + this->compName;
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, msg);
-                msg = "...Rated Total Heating Capacity = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 2) + " [W]";
+                msg = format("...Rated Total Heating Capacity = {:.2T} [W]", this->autoSizedValue);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                msg = "...Air flow rate used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DesMassFlow / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir, 5) + " [m3/s]";
+                msg = format("...Air flow rate used for sizing = {:.5T} [m3/s]", DesMassFlow / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir);
                 this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                 ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                 if (this->termUnitSingDuct || this->termUnitPIU || this->termUnitIU || this->zoneEqFanCoil || this->zoneEqUnitHeater) {
-                    msg = "...Air flow rate used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DesMassFlow / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir, 5) + " [m3/s]";
+                    msg = format("...Air flow rate used for sizing = {:.5T} [m3/s]", DesMassFlow / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "...Plant loop temperature difference = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataWaterCoilSizHeatDeltaT, 2) + " [C]";
+                    msg = format("...Plant loop temperature difference = {:.2T} [C]", this->dataWaterCoilSizHeatDeltaT);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                 } else {
-                    msg = "...Coil inlet air temperature used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilInTemp, 2) + " [C]";
+                    msg = format("...Coil inlet air temperature used for sizing = {:.2T} [C]", CoilInTemp);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "...Coil outlet air temperature used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilOutTemp, 2) + " [C]";
+                    msg = format("...Coil outlet air temperature used for sizing = {:.2T} [C]", CoilOutTemp);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "...Coil outlet air humidity ratio used for sizing = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoilOutHumRat, 2) + " [kgWater/kgDryAir]";
+                    msg = format("...Coil outlet air humidity ratio used for sizing = {:.2T} [kgWater/kgDryAir]", CoilOutHumRat);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/WaterHeatingCoilUASizing.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/WaterHeatingCoilUASizing.cc
index d784312bd77..7d3525833a6 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/WaterHeatingCoilUASizing.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Autosizing/WaterHeatingCoilUASizing.cc
@@ -88,57 +88,55 @@ Real64 WaterHeatingCoilUASizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValu
                     msg = "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating coil UA";
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Lower UA estimate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(UA0, 6) + " W/m2-K (0.1% of Design Coil Load)";
+                    msg = format("  Lower UA estimate = {:.6T} W/m2-K (0.1% of Design Coil Load)", UA0);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Upper UA estimate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(UA1, 6) + " W/m2-K (100% of Design Coil Load)";
+                    msg = format("  Upper UA estimate = {:.6T} W/m2-K (100% of Design Coil Load)", UA1);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Final UA estimate when iterations exceeded limit = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 6) + " W/m2-K";
+                    msg = format("  Final UA estimate when iterations exceeded limit = {:.6T} W/m2-K", this->autoSizedValue);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     msg = "  Zone \"" + this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).ZoneName +
                           "\" coil sizing conditions (may be different than Sizing inputs):";
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Coil inlet air temperature     = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesInletAirTemp, 3) + " C";
+                    msg = format("  Coil inlet air temperature     = {:.3T} C", this->dataDesInletAirTemp);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Coil inlet air humidity ratio  = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesInletAirHumRat, 3) + " kgWater/kgDryAir";
+                    msg = format("  Coil inlet air humidity ratio  = {:.3T} kgWater/kgDryAir", this->dataDesInletAirHumRat);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Coil inlet air mass flow rate  = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataFlowUsedForSizing, 6) + " kg/s";
+                    msg = format("  Coil inlet air mass flow rate  = {:.6T} kg/s", this->dataFlowUsedForSizing);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     // TotWaterHeatingCoilRate is set in CALL to CalcSimpleHeatingCoil
-                    msg = "  Design Coil Capacity           = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesignCoilCapacity, 3) + " W";
+                    msg = format("  Design Coil Capacity           = {:.3T} W", this->dataDesignCoilCapacity);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     if (this->dataNomCapInpMeth) {
-                        msg = "  Design Coil Load               = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing, 3) + " W";
+                        msg = format("  Design Coil Load               = {:.3T} W", this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg = "  Coil outlet air temperature    = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesOutletAirTemp, 3) + " C";
+                        msg = format("  Coil outlet air temperature    = {:.3T} C", this->dataDesOutletAirTemp);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg = "  Coil outlet air humidity ratio = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesOutletAirHumRat, 3) + " kgWater/kgDryAir";
+                        msg = format("  Coil outlet air humidity ratio = {:.3T} kgWater/kgDryAir", this->dataDesOutletAirHumRat);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     } else if (this->termUnitSingDuct || this->termUnitPIU || this->termUnitIU || this->zoneEqFanCoil) {
-                        msg = "  Design Coil Load               = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing, 3) + " W";
+                        msg = format("  Design Coil Load               = {:.3T} W", this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     } else {
-                        msg = "  Design Coil Load               = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing, 3) + " W";
+                        msg = format("  Design Coil Load               = {:.3T} W", this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg =
-                            "  Coil outlet air temperature    = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDesTemp, 3) +
-                            " C";
+                        msg = format("  Coil outlet air temperature    = {:.3T} C", this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDesTemp);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg = "  Coil outlet air humidity ratio = " +
-                              General::TrimSigDigits(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDesHumRat, 3) + " kgWater/kgDryAir";
+                        msg = format("  Coil outlet air humidity ratio = {:.3T} kgWater/kgDryAir",
+                                     this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDesHumRat);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     }
@@ -152,53 +150,51 @@ Real64 WaterHeatingCoilUASizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValu
                     msg = "  Bad starting values for UA";
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Lower UA estimate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(UA0, 6) + " W/m2-K (0.1% of Design Coil Load)";
+                    msg = format("  Lower UA estimate = {:.6T} W/m2-K (0.1% of Design Coil Load)", UA0);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Upper UA estimate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(UA1, 6) + " W/m2-K (100% of Design Coil Load)";
+                    msg = format("  Upper UA estimate = {:.6T} W/m2-K (100% of Design Coil Load)", UA1);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     msg = "  Zone \"" + this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).ZoneName +
                           "\" coil sizing conditions (may be different than Sizing inputs):";
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Coil inlet air temperature     = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesInletAirTemp, 3) + " C";
+                    msg = format("  Coil inlet air temperature     = {:.3T} C", this->dataDesInletAirTemp);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Coil inlet air humidity ratio  = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesInletAirHumRat, 3) + " kgWater/kgDryAir";
+                    msg = format("  Coil inlet air humidity ratio  = {:.3T} kgWater/kgDryAir", this->dataDesInletAirHumRat);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Coil inlet air mass flow rate  = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataFlowUsedForSizing, 6) + " kg/s";
+                    msg = format("  Coil inlet air mass flow rate  = {:.6T} kg/s", this->dataFlowUsedForSizing);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Design Coil Capacity           = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesignCoilCapacity, 3) + " W";
+                    msg = format("  Design Coil Capacity           = {:.3T} W", this->dataDesignCoilCapacity);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     if (this->dataNomCapInpMeth) {
-                        msg = "  Design Coil Load               = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing, 3) + " W";
+                        msg = format("  Design Coil Load               = {:.3T} W", this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg = "  Coil outlet air temperature    = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesOutletAirTemp, 3) + " C";
+                        msg = format("  Coil outlet air temperature    = {:.3T} C", this->dataDesOutletAirTemp);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg = "  Coil outlet air humidity ratio = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesOutletAirHumRat, 3) + " kgWater/kgDryAir";
+                        msg = format("  Coil outlet air humidity ratio = {:.3T} kgWater/kgDryAir", this->dataDesOutletAirHumRat);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     } else if (this->termUnitSingDuct || this->termUnitPIU || this->termUnitIU || this->zoneEqFanCoil) {
-                        msg = "  Design Coil Load               = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing, 3) + " W";
+                        msg = format("  Design Coil Load               = {:.3T} W", this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     } else {
-                        msg = "  Design Coil Load               = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing, 3) + " W";
+                        msg = format("  Design Coil Load               = {:.3T} W", this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg =
-                            "  Coil outlet air temperature    = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDesTemp, 3) +
-                            " C";
+                        msg = format("  Coil outlet air temperature    = {:.3T} C", this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDesTemp);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg = "  Coil outlet air humidity ratio = " +
-                              General::TrimSigDigits(this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDesHumRat, 3) + " kgWater/kgDryAir";
+                        msg = format("  Coil outlet air humidity ratio = {:.3T} kgWater/kgDryAir",
+                                     this->finalZoneSizing(this->curZoneEqNum).HeatDesHumRat);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     }
@@ -213,11 +209,10 @@ Real64 WaterHeatingCoilUASizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValu
                         msg = "  Plant Sizing object = " + this->plantSizData(this->dataPltSizHeatNum).PlantLoopName;
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg = "  Plant design loop exit temperature = " +
-                              General::TrimSigDigits(this->plantSizData(this->dataPltSizHeatNum).ExitTemp, 3) + " C";
+                        msg = format("  Plant design loop exit temperature = {:.3T} C", this->plantSizData(this->dataPltSizHeatNum).ExitTemp);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg = "  Plant design loop delta T          = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataWaterCoilSizHeatDeltaT, 3) + " C";
+                        msg = format("  Plant design loop delta T          = {:.3T} C", this->dataWaterCoilSizHeatDeltaT);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     }
@@ -267,39 +262,39 @@ Real64 WaterHeatingCoilUASizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValu
                     msg = "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating coil UA";
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Lower UA estimate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(UA0, 6) + " W/m2-K (1% of Design Coil Load)";
+                    msg = format("  Lower UA estimate = {:.6T} W/m2-K (1% of Design Coil Load)", UA0);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Upper UA estimate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(UA1, 6) + " W/m2-K (100% of Design Coil Load)";
+                    msg = format("  Upper UA estimate = {:.6T} W/m2-K (100% of Design Coil Load)", UA1);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Final UA estimate when iterations exceeded limit = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->autoSizedValue, 6) + " W/m2-K";
+                    msg = format("  Final UA estimate when iterations exceeded limit = {:.6T} W/m2-K", this->autoSizedValue);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     msg = "  AirloopHVAC \"" + this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).AirPriLoopName +
                           "\" coil sizing conditions (may be different than Sizing inputs):";
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Coil inlet air temperature     = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesInletAirTemp, 3) + " C";
+                    msg = format("  Coil inlet air temperature     = {:.3T} C", this->dataDesInletAirTemp);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Coil inlet air humidity ratio  = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesInletAirHumRat, 3) + " kgWater/kgDryAir";
+                    msg = format("  Coil inlet air humidity ratio  = {:.3T} kgWater/kgDryAir", this->dataDesInletAirHumRat);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Coil inlet air mass flow rate  = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataFlowUsedForSizing, 6) + " kg/s";
+                    msg = format("  Coil inlet air mass flow rate  = {:.6T} kg/s", this->dataFlowUsedForSizing);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Design Coil Capacity           = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesignCoilCapacity, 3) + " W";
+                    msg = format("  Design Coil Capacity           = {:.3T} W", this->dataDesignCoilCapacity);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Design Coil Load               = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing, 3) + " W";
+                    msg = format("  Design Coil Load               = {:.3T} W", this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     if (this->dataNomCapInpMeth) {
-                        msg = "  Coil outlet air temperature    = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesOutletAirTemp, 3) + " C";
+                        msg = format("  Coil outlet air temperature    = {:.3T} C", this->dataDesOutletAirTemp);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg = "  Coil outlet air humidity ratio = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesOutletAirHumRat, 3) + " kgWater/kgDryAir";
+                        msg = format("  Coil outlet air humidity ratio = {:.3T} kgWater/kgDryAir", this->dataDesOutletAirHumRat);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     }
@@ -313,36 +308,36 @@ Real64 WaterHeatingCoilUASizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValu
                     msg = "  Bad starting values for UA";
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Lower UA estimate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(UA0, 6) + " W/m2-K (1% of Design Coil Load)";
+                    msg = format("  Lower UA estimate = {:.6T} W/m2-K (1% of Design Coil Load)", UA0);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Upper UA estimate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(UA1, 6) + " W/m2-K (100% of Design Coil Load)";
+                    msg = format("  Upper UA estimate = {:.6T} W/m2-K (100% of Design Coil Load)", UA1);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     msg = "  AirloopHVAC \"" + this->finalSysSizing(this->curSysNum).AirPriLoopName +
                           "\" coil sizing conditions (may be different than Sizing inputs):";
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Coil inlet air temperature     = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesInletAirTemp, 3) + " C";
+                    msg = format("  Coil inlet air temperature     = {:.3T} C", this->dataDesInletAirTemp);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Coil inlet air humidity ratio  = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesInletAirHumRat, 3) + " kgWater/kgDryAir";
+                    msg = format("  Coil inlet air humidity ratio  = {:.3T} kgWater/kgDryAir", this->dataDesInletAirHumRat);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Coil inlet air mass flow rate  = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataFlowUsedForSizing, 6) + " kg/s";
+                    msg = format("  Coil inlet air mass flow rate  = {:.6T} kg/s", this->dataFlowUsedForSizing);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Design Coil Capacity           = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesignCoilCapacity, 3) + " W";
+                    msg = format("  Design Coil Capacity           = {:.3T} W", this->dataDesignCoilCapacity);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                    msg = "  Design Coil Load               = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing, 3) + " W";
+                    msg = format("  Design Coil Load               = {:.3T} W", this->dataCapacityUsedForSizing);
                     this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                     ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     if (this->dataNomCapInpMeth) {
-                        msg = "  Coil outlet air temperature    = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesOutletAirTemp, 3) + " C";
+                        msg = format("  Coil outlet air temperature    = {:.3T} C", this->dataDesOutletAirTemp);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg = "  Coil outlet air humidity ratio = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataDesOutletAirHumRat, 3) + " kgWater/kgDryAir";
+                        msg = format("  Coil outlet air humidity ratio = {:.3T} kgWater/kgDryAir", this->dataDesOutletAirHumRat);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     }
@@ -356,11 +351,10 @@ Real64 WaterHeatingCoilUASizer::size(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 _originalValu
                         msg = "  Plant Sizing object = " + this->plantSizData(this->dataPltSizHeatNum).PlantLoopName;
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg = "  Plant design loop exit temperature = " +
-                              General::TrimSigDigits(this->plantSizData(this->dataPltSizHeatNum).ExitTemp, 3) + " C";
+                        msg = format("  Plant design loop exit temperature = {:.3T} C", this->plantSizData(this->dataPltSizHeatNum).ExitTemp);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
-                        msg = "  Plant design loop delta T          = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->dataWaterCoilSizHeatDeltaT, 3) + " C";
+                        msg = format("  Plant design loop delta T          = {:.3T} C", this->dataWaterCoilSizHeatDeltaT);
                         this->addErrorMessage(msg);
                         ShowContinueError(state, msg);
                     }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/BaseboardElectric.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/BaseboardElectric.cc
index e3ae4aeda0c..feed934131d 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/BaseboardElectric.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/BaseboardElectric.cc
@@ -98,7 +98,6 @@ namespace BaseboardElectric {
         // This subroutine simulates the Electric Baseboard units.
 
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::ZoneSysEnergyDemand;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         int BaseboardNum; // index of unit in baseboard array
         Real64 QZnReq;    // zone load not yet satisfied
@@ -120,13 +119,19 @@ namespace BaseboardElectric {
         } else {
             BaseboardNum = CompIndex;
             if (BaseboardNum > baseboard->NumBaseboards || BaseboardNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimElectricBaseboard:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(baseboard->NumBaseboards) + ", Entered Unit name=" + EquipName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimElectricBaseboard:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      BaseboardNum,
+                                      baseboard->NumBaseboards,
+                                      EquipName));
             }
             if (baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).CheckEquipName) {
                 if (EquipName != baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipName) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimElectricBaseboard: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) + ", Unit name=" + EquipName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipName);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimElectricBaseboard: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          BaseboardNum,
+                                          EquipName,
+                                          baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipName));
                 }
                 baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).CheckEquipName = false;
             }
@@ -169,7 +174,6 @@ namespace BaseboardElectric {
         using DataSizing::HeatingDesignCapacity;
         using DataZoneEquipment::BBElectricConvective_Num;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipList;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("GetBaseboardInput: "); // include trailing blank space
@@ -256,8 +260,10 @@ namespace BaseboardElectric {
                         thisBaseboard.ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum);
                         if (thisBaseboard.ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0 && thisBaseboard.ScaledHeatingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisBaseboard.EquipName);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                     rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -273,8 +279,10 @@ namespace BaseboardElectric {
                         if (thisBaseboard.ScaledHeatingCapacity <= 0.0) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisBaseboard.EquipName);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFieldNames(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                     rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         } else if (thisBaseboard.ScaledHeatingCapacity == AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisBaseboard.EquipName);
@@ -294,8 +302,10 @@ namespace BaseboardElectric {
                         thisBaseboard.ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum);
                         if (thisBaseboard.ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisBaseboard.EquipName);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                     rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -446,7 +456,6 @@ namespace BaseboardElectric {
         using namespace DataSizing;
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HeatingCapacitySizing;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("SizeElectricBaseboard");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/BaseboardRadiator.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/BaseboardRadiator.cc
index 00c07d5e3e0..7fdf76e2069 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/BaseboardRadiator.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/BaseboardRadiator.cc
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ namespace BaseboardRadiator {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::ZoneSysEnergyDemand;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SetActuatedBranchFlowRate;
 
         int BaseboardNum; // index of unit in baseboard array
@@ -156,13 +156,19 @@ namespace BaseboardRadiator {
         } else {
             BaseboardNum = CompIndex;
             if (BaseboardNum > baseboard->NumBaseboards || BaseboardNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimBaseboard:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(baseboard->NumBaseboards) + ", Entered Unit name=" + EquipName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimBaseboard:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      BaseboardNum,
+                                      baseboard->NumBaseboards,
+                                      EquipName));
             }
             if (baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).CheckEquipName) {
                 if (EquipName != baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimBaseboard: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) + ", Unit name=" + EquipName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimBaseboard: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          BaseboardNum,
+                                          EquipName,
+                                          baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID));
                 }
                 baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).CheckEquipName = false;
             }
@@ -260,7 +266,6 @@ namespace BaseboardRadiator {
         using GlobalNames::VerifyUniqueBaseboardName;
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using namespace DataSizing;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("GetBaseboardInput: "); // include trailing blank space
@@ -350,8 +355,10 @@ namespace BaseboardRadiator {
                         baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum);
                         if (baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0 && baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + " = " + baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                     rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -367,8 +374,10 @@ namespace BaseboardRadiator {
                         if (baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity <= 0.0) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + " = " + baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFieldNames(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                     rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         } else if (baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity == AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + " = " + baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
@@ -388,8 +397,10 @@ namespace BaseboardRadiator {
                         baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum);
                         if (baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + " = " + baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                     rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -640,7 +651,7 @@ namespace BaseboardRadiator {
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HeatingCapacitySizing;
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using PlantUtilities::RegisterPlantCompDesignFlow;
 
@@ -784,10 +795,10 @@ namespace BaseboardRadiator {
                                     AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeBaseboard: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:Baseboard:Convective:Water=\"" +
                                                 baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Water Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(WaterVolFlowRateMaxUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(WaterVolFlowRateMaxDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Maximum Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", WaterVolFlowRateMaxUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", WaterVolFlowRateMaxDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -925,9 +936,10 @@ namespace BaseboardRadiator {
                                                      baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID + "\"");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Design UA set equal to design coil load for " + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" +
                                                       baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID + "\"");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design coil load used during sizing = " + RoundSigDigits(DesCoilLoad, 5) + " W.");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Inlet water temperature used during sizing = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterInletTemp, 5) + " C.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design coil load used during sizing = {:.5R} W.", DesCoilLoad));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Inlet water temperature used during sizing = {:.5R} C.",
+                                                             baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterInletTemp));
                                 }
                             }
                         } else { // baseboard design load is less than output at UA = 0.001 * design load so set UA to minimum value
@@ -937,9 +949,10 @@ namespace BaseboardRadiator {
                                                  baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID + "\"");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Design UA set equal to 0.001 * design coil load for " + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" +
                                                   baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID + "\"");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Design coil load used during sizing = " + RoundSigDigits(DesCoilLoad, 5) + " W.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Inlet water temperature used during sizing = " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterInletTemp, 5) + " C.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Design coil load used during sizing = {:.5R} W.", DesCoilLoad));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Inlet water temperature used during sizing = {:.5R} C.",
+                                                         baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterInletTemp));
                             }
                         }
 
@@ -965,8 +978,8 @@ namespace BaseboardRadiator {
                                 if ((std::abs(UADes - UAUser) / UAUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeBaseboard: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:Baseboard:Convective:Water=\"" +
                                                 baseboard->Baseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified U-Factor Times Area Value of " + RoundSigDigits(UAUser, 2) + " [W/K]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size U-Factor Times Area Value of " + RoundSigDigits(UADes, 2) + " [W/K]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified U-Factor Times Area Value of {:.2R} [W/K]", UAUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size U-Factor Times Area Value of {:.2R} [W/K]", UADes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/BoilerSteam.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/BoilerSteam.cc
index 683cf9a0c28..7f94dee3872 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/BoilerSteam.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/BoilerSteam.cc
@@ -238,15 +238,13 @@ namespace BoilerSteam {
 
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(5) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(5) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(5), 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(5), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(5)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3) == 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3), 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             thisBoiler.BoilerInletNodeNum = NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode(state,
@@ -518,9 +516,8 @@ namespace BoilerSteam {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - NomCapUser) / NomCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizePump: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NomCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -610,8 +607,8 @@ namespace BoilerSteam {
             if (this->PressErrIndex == 0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "Boiler:Steam=\"" + this->Name + "\", Saturation Pressure is greater than Maximum Operating Pressure,");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Lower Input Temperature");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Steam temperature=[" + General::RoundSigDigits(this->BoilerOutletTemp, 2) + "] C");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Refrigerant Saturation Pressure =[" + General::RoundSigDigits(this->BoilerPressCheck, 0) + "] Pa");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Steam temperature=[{:.2R}] C", this->BoilerOutletTemp));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Refrigerant Saturation Pressure =[{:.0R}] Pa", this->BoilerPressCheck));
             }
             ShowRecurringSevereErrorAtEnd(state, "Boiler:Steam=\"" + this->Name +
                                               "\", Saturation Pressure is greater than Maximum Operating Pressure..continues",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Boilers.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Boilers.cc
index 3b7c0b009f3..0a66f4e0116 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Boilers.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Boilers.cc
@@ -224,8 +224,7 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::Boilers {
             thisBoiler.NomCap = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) == 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + " must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -236,8 +235,7 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::Boilers {
             thisBoiler.NomEffic = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2) == 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ShowSevereError(state, "..." + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -597,9 +595,8 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::Boilers {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - NomCapUser) / NomCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeBoilerHotWater: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NomCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -649,10 +646,9 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::Boilers {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpBoilerVolFlowRate - VolFlowRateUser) / VolFlowRateUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeBoilerHotWater: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Water Flow Rate of " + General::RoundSigDigits(VolFlowRateUser, 2) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpBoilerVolFlowRate, 2) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Design Water Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", VolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Design Water Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", tmpBoilerVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -852,18 +848,19 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::Boilers {
                     ++this->EffCurveOutputError;
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Boiler:HotWater \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Normalized Boiler Efficiency Curve output is less than or equal to 0.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve input x value (PLR)     = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->BoilerPLR, 5));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve input x value (PLR)     = {:.5T}", this->BoilerPLR));
                     if (state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(this->EfficiencyCurvePtr).NumDims == 2) {
                         if (this->CurveTempMode == TempMode::ENTERINGBOILERTEMP) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve input y value (Tinlet) = " +
-                                              General::TrimSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(BoilerInletNode).Temp, 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve input y value (Tinlet) = {:.2T}", DataLoopNode::Node(BoilerInletNode).Temp));
                         } else if (this->CurveTempMode == TempMode::LEAVINGBOILERTEMP) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve input y value (Toutlet) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->BoilerOutletTemp, 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve input y value (Toutlet) = {:.2T}", this->BoilerOutletTemp));
                         }
                     }
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output (normalized eff) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(EffCurveOutput, 5));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Calculated Boiler efficiency  = " + General::TrimSigDigits(BoilerEff, 5) +
-                                      " (Boiler efficiency = Nominal Thermal Efficiency * Normalized Boiler Efficiency Curve output)");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output (normalized eff) = {:.5T}", EffCurveOutput));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Calculated Boiler efficiency  = {:.5T} (Boiler efficiency = Nominal Thermal Efficiency * Normalized "
+                                             "Boiler Efficiency Curve output)",
+                                             BoilerEff));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "...Curve output reset to 0.01 and simulation continues.");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Boiler:HotWater \"" + this->Name +
@@ -884,18 +881,19 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::Boilers {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Boiler:HotWater \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Calculated Boiler Efficiency is greater than 1.1.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Boiler Efficiency calculations shown below.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve input x value (PLR)     = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->BoilerPLR, 5));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve input x value (PLR)     = {:.5T}", this->BoilerPLR));
                     if (state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(this->EfficiencyCurvePtr).NumDims == 2) {
                         if (this->CurveTempMode == TempMode::ENTERINGBOILERTEMP) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve input y value (Tinlet) = " +
-                                              General::TrimSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(BoilerInletNode).Temp, 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve input y value (Tinlet) = {:.2T}", DataLoopNode::Node(BoilerInletNode).Temp));
                         } else if (this->CurveTempMode == TempMode::LEAVINGBOILERTEMP) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve input y value (Toutlet) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->BoilerOutletTemp, 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve input y value (Toutlet) = {:.2T}", this->BoilerOutletTemp));
                         }
                     }
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output (normalized eff) = " + General::TrimSigDigits(EffCurveOutput, 5));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Calculated Boiler efficiency  = " + General::TrimSigDigits(BoilerEff, 5) +
-                                      " (Boiler efficiency = Nominal Thermal Efficiency * Normalized Boiler Efficiency Curve output)");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output (normalized eff) = {:.5T}", EffCurveOutput));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Calculated Boiler efficiency  = {:.5T} (Boiler efficiency = Nominal Thermal Efficiency * Normalized "
+                                             "Boiler Efficiency Curve output)",
+                                             BoilerEff));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "...Curve output reset to 1.1 and simulation continues.");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Boiler:HotWater \"" + this->Name +
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/BranchInputManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/BranchInputManager.cc
index f4fbaaa66ac..f0c4df7774d 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/BranchInputManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/BranchInputManager.cc
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
         // returns number and names to the outside calling routine.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         int Found;     // Points to correct Branch List/Branch
         bool ErrFound; // True when error has occurred (cannot find Branch List)
@@ -176,7 +175,7 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
         if (isize(BranchNames) < NumBranchNames) {
             ShowSevereError(state, "GetBranchList: Branch Names array not big enough to hold Branch Names");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Input BranchListName=" + BranchListName + ", in Loop=" + LoopName);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "BranchName Array size=" + TrimSigDigits(size(BranchNames)) + ", but input size=" + TrimSigDigits(NumBranchNames));
+            ShowContinueError(state, fmt::format("BranchName Array size={}, but input size={}", size(BranchNames), (NumBranchNames)));
             ErrFound = true;
         } else {
             BranchNames = "";
@@ -250,7 +249,6 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
         // Branch Name and returns it in "list structure" to the calling routine.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int Count; // Loop Counter
@@ -270,7 +268,7 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
         if (MinCompsAllowed < NumComps) {
             ShowSevereError(state, "GetBranchData: Component List arrays not big enough to hold Number of Components");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Input BranchName=" + BranchName + ", in Loop=" + LoopName);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Max Component Array size=" + TrimSigDigits(MinCompsAllowed) + ", but input size=" + TrimSigDigits(NumComps));
+            ShowContinueError(state, fmt::format("Max Component Array size={}, but input size={}", MinCompsAllowed, NumComps));
             ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding conditions.");
         }
 
@@ -385,7 +383,6 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
         // routine can either use this flow or use then branch flow for sizing.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // FUNCTION LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int CompNum;
@@ -403,7 +400,7 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
         FanName = std::string();
 
         if (NumBranches == 0) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "GetBranchFanTypeName:  Branch index not found = " + TrimSigDigits(BranchNum));
+            ShowSevereError(state, fmt::format("GetBranchFanTypeName:  Branch index not found = {}", BranchNum));
             ErrFound = true;
         } else {
             if (BranchNum > 0 && BranchNum <= NumBranches) {
@@ -419,7 +416,7 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
                 }
                 if (FanType.empty()) ErrFound = true;
             } else {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "GetBranchFanTypeName:  Branch index not found = " + TrimSigDigits(BranchNum));
+                ShowSevereError(state, fmt::format("GetBranchFanTypeName:  Branch index not found = {}", BranchNum));
                 ErrFound = true;
             }
         }
@@ -612,7 +609,6 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
         // if this connector list name is a mixer or not.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int Count;    // Loop Counter
@@ -694,8 +690,7 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
 
                 if (NumInletNodes > isize(InletNodeNames) || NumInletNodes > isize(InletNodeNums)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "GetLoopMixer: Connector:Mixer=" + MixerName + " contains too many inlets for size of Inlet Array.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Max array size=" + TrimSigDigits(size(InletNodeNames)) +
-                                      ", Mixer statement inlets=" + TrimSigDigits(NumInletNodes));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, fmt::format("Max array size={}, Mixer statement inlets={}", size(InletNodeNames), NumInletNodes));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition.");
                 }
                 InletNodeNums = 0;
@@ -755,7 +750,6 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
         // if this connector list name is a splitter or not.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int Count;    // Loop Counter
@@ -841,8 +835,7 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
 
                 if (NumOutletNodes > isize(OutletNodeNames) || NumOutletNodes > isize(OutletNodeNums)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "GetLoopSplitter: Connector:Splitter=" + SplitterName + " contains too many outlets for size of Outlet Array.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Max array size=" + TrimSigDigits(size(OutletNodeNames)) +
-                                      ", Splitter statement outlets=" + TrimSigDigits(NumOutletNodes));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, fmt::format("Max array size={}, Splitter statement outlets={}", size(OutletNodeNames), NumOutletNodes));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition.");
                 }
                 OutletNodeNums = 0;
@@ -1087,7 +1080,6 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
     {
         // Using
         using CurveManager::GetPressureCurveTypeAndIndex;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         PressureCurveType pressureCurveType;
@@ -1127,8 +1119,7 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
             }
             if (Comp > NumInComps) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Number of Arguments indicate [" + RoundSigDigits(NumInComps) + "], but count of fields indicates [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Comp) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, fmt::format("...Number of Arguments indicate [{}], but count of fields indicates [{}]", NumInComps, Comp));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...examine " + CurrentModuleObject + " carefully.");
                 continue;
             }
@@ -1259,7 +1250,6 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
         //        \object-list Branches
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("GetBranchListInput: ");
@@ -1357,7 +1347,7 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataBranchInputManager->BranchList(BCount).Name + "\", invalid data.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..invalid: duplicate branch name specified in the list.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..Branch Name=" + TestName);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Branch Name #" + TrimSigDigits(Loop) + " is duplicate.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, fmt::format("..Branch Name #{} is duplicate.", Loop));
                 ErrFound = true;
             }
         }
@@ -1668,7 +1658,6 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
         //         \object-list Branches
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int NumAlphas;           // Used to retrieve names from IDF
@@ -1749,9 +1738,12 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
             for (Loop = 1; Loop <= state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).NumOutletBranches; ++Loop) {
                 Found = UtilityRoutines::FindItemInList(state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).OutletBranchNames(Loop), state.dataBranchInputManager->Branch);
                 if (Found == 0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "GetSplitterInput: Invalid Branch=" + state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).OutletBranchNames(Loop) +
-                                    ", referenced as Outlet Branch # " + TrimSigDigits(Loop) + " to " + CurrentModuleObject + '=' +
-                                    state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).Name);
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    fmt::format("GetSplitterInput: Invalid Branch={}, referenced as Outlet Branch # {} to {}={}",
+                                                state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).OutletBranchNames(Loop),
+                                                Loop,
+                                                CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).Name));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -1764,15 +1756,17 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
                 if (TestName != state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).OutletBranchNames(Loop)) continue;
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + '=' + state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).Name + " specifies an outlet node name the same as the inlet node.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..Inlet Node=" + TestName);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Outlet Node #" + TrimSigDigits(Loop) + " is duplicate.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, fmt::format("..Outlet Node #{} is duplicate.", Loop));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             for (Loop = 1; Loop <= state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).NumOutletBranches; ++Loop) {
                 for (Loop1 = Loop + 1; Loop1 <= state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).NumOutletBranches; ++Loop1) {
                     if (state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).OutletBranchNames(Loop) != state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).OutletBranchNames(Loop1)) continue;
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + '=' + state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).Name + " specifies duplicate outlet nodes in its outlet node list.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Outlet Node #" + TrimSigDigits(Loop) + " Name=" + state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).OutletBranchNames(Loop));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Outlet Node #" + TrimSigDigits(Loop) + " is duplicate.");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        fmt::format("..Outlet Node #{} Name={}", Loop, state.dataBranchInputManager->Splitters(Count).OutletBranchNames(Loop)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, fmt::format("..Outlet Node #{} is duplicate.", Loop));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -1895,7 +1889,6 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
         //         \object-list Branches
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int NumAlphas;           // Used to retrieve names from IDF
@@ -1978,8 +1971,12 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
             for (Loop = 1; Loop <= state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).NumInletBranches; ++Loop) {
                 Found = UtilityRoutines::FindItemInList(state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).InletBranchNames(Loop), state.dataBranchInputManager->Branch);
                 if (Found == 0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "GetMixerInput: Invalid Branch=" + state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).InletBranchNames(Loop) + ", referenced as Inlet Branch # " +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(Loop) + " in " + CurrentModuleObject + '=' + state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).Name);
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("GetMixerInput: Invalid Branch={}, referenced as Inlet Branch # {} in {}={}",
+                                           state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).InletBranchNames(Loop),
+                                           Loop,
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).Name));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -1992,15 +1989,16 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
                 if (TestName != state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).InletBranchNames(Loop)) continue;
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + '=' + state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).Name + " specifies an inlet node name the same as the outlet node.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..Outlet Node=" + TestName);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Inlet Node #" + TrimSigDigits(Loop) + " is duplicate.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("..Inlet Node #{} is duplicate.", Loop));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             for (Loop = 1; Loop <= state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).NumInletBranches; ++Loop) {
                 for (Loop1 = Loop + 1; Loop1 <= state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).NumInletBranches; ++Loop1) {
                     if (state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).InletBranchNames(Loop) != state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).InletBranchNames(Loop1)) continue;
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + '=' + state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).Name + " specifies duplicate inlet nodes in its inlet node list.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Inlet Node #" + TrimSigDigits(Loop) + " Name=" + state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).InletBranchNames(Loop));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Inlet Node #" + TrimSigDigits(Loop) + " is duplicate.");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, fmt::format("..Inlet Node #{} Name={}", Loop, state.dataBranchInputManager->Mixers(Count).InletBranchNames(Loop)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, fmt::format("..Inlet Node #{} is duplicate.", Loop));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -2354,7 +2352,6 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataErrorTracking::TotalSevereErrors;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int NumDanglingCount;        // when mustprint not true, count and report
@@ -2402,7 +2399,7 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
             ShowContinueError(state, "Look for mistyped branch or component names/types.");
         }
         if (!mustprint && NumDanglingCount > 0) {
-            ShowSevereMessage(state, "AuditBranches: There are " + RoundSigDigits(NumDanglingCount) + " branch(es) that do not appear on any BranchList.");
+            ShowSevereMessage(state, fmt::format("AuditBranches: There are {} branch(es) that do not appear on any BranchList.", NumDanglingCount));
             TotalSevereErrors += NumDanglingCount;
             ShowContinueError(state, "Use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; for detail of each branch not on a branch list.");
         }
@@ -2422,7 +2419,6 @@ namespace BranchInputManager {
         // Also, input and output nodes.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int Loop;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.cc
index ee773aac6c2..86a35c04588 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.cc
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataBranchNodeConnections.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.hh>
 
 namespace EnergyPlus::BranchNodeConnections {
@@ -299,7 +298,6 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::BranchNodeConnections {
         // Needs description, as appropriate.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int Loop1;
@@ -616,7 +614,7 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::BranchNodeConnections {
                                     state.dataBranchNodeConnections->NodeConnections(Loop1).ObjectName);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Object has multiple connections on both inlet and outlet fluid streams.");
                     for (Loop2 = 1; Loop2 <= MaxFluidStream; ++Loop2) {
-                        if (FluidStreamCounts(Loop2)) ShowContinueError(state, "...occurs in Fluid Stream [" + RoundSigDigits(Loop2) + "].");
+                        if (FluidStreamCounts(Loop2)) ShowContinueError(state, format("...occurs in Fluid Stream [{}].", Loop2));
                     }
                     ++ErrorCounter;
                     ErrorsFound = true;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/CMakeLists.txt b/src/EnergyPlus/CMakeLists.txt
index 03e8c745897..75a16febec5 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ endif()
 
 add_library( energyplusparser STATIC ${INPUTPARSING_SRC} )
 add_dependencies( energyplusparser GenerateEmbeddedEpJSONSchema )
-target_link_libraries( energyplusparser re2 )
+target_link_libraries( energyplusparser re2 fmt::fmt)
 if(UNIX AND NOT APPLE)
   target_link_libraries( energyplusparser dl )
 endif()
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/CTElectricGenerator.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/CTElectricGenerator.cc
index b911f54ba1c..8d7a5f6cd33 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/CTElectricGenerator.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/CTElectricGenerator.cc
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ namespace CTElectricGenerator {
 
             state.dataCTElectricGenerator->CTGenerator(genNum).RatedPowerOutput = NumArray(1);
             if (NumArray(1) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(1), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), NumArray(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ChilledCeilingPanelSimple.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ChilledCeilingPanelSimple.cc
index d696e714f9b..1cafee3757f 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ChilledCeilingPanelSimple.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ChilledCeilingPanelSimple.cc
@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_CoolingPanel_Simple;
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::ZoneSysEnergyDemand;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int CoolingPanelNum; // Index of unit in baseboard array
@@ -150,13 +149,19 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
         } else {
             CoolingPanelNum = CompIndex;
             if (CoolingPanelNum > state.dataChilledCeilingPanelSimple->NumCoolingPanels || CoolingPanelNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimCoolingPanelSimple:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoolingPanelNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataChilledCeilingPanelSimple->NumCoolingPanels) + ", Entered Unit name=" + EquipName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimCoolingPanelSimple:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      CoolingPanelNum,
+                                      state.dataChilledCeilingPanelSimple->NumCoolingPanels,
+                                      EquipName));
             }
             if (state.dataChilledCeilingPanelSimple->CheckEquipName(CoolingPanelNum)) {
                 if (EquipName != state.dataChilledCeilingPanelSimple->CoolingPanel(CoolingPanelNum).EquipID) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimCoolingPanelSimple: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoolingPanelNum) + ", Unit name=" + EquipName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + state.dataChilledCeilingPanelSimple->CoolingPanel(CoolingPanelNum).EquipID);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimCoolingPanelSimple: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          CoolingPanelNum,
+                                          EquipName,
+                                          state.dataChilledCeilingPanelSimple->CoolingPanel(CoolingPanelNum).EquipID));
                 }
                 state.dataChilledCeilingPanelSimple->CheckEquipName(CoolingPanelNum) = false;
             }
@@ -187,7 +192,9 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
                     ThisCP.CalcCoolingPanel(state, CoolingPanelNum);
                 } else {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "SimCoolingPanelSimple: Errors in CoolingPanel=" + state.dataChilledCeilingPanelSimple->CoolingPanel(CoolingPanelNum).EquipID);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid or unimplemented equipment type=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataChilledCeilingPanelSimple->CoolingPanel(CoolingPanelNum).EquipType));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Invalid or unimplemented equipment type={}",
+                                             state.dataChilledCeilingPanelSimple->CoolingPanel(CoolingPanelNum).EquipType));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding condition causes termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -224,8 +231,7 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
         using DataLoopNode::ObjectIsNotParent;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_CoolingPanel_Simple;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
@@ -332,12 +338,12 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
             if (ThisCP.RatedWaterTemp > MaxWaterTempAvg + 0.001) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxWaterTempAvg, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxWaterTempAvg));
                 ThisCP.RatedWaterTemp = MaxWaterTempAvg;
             } else if (ThisCP.RatedWaterTemp < MinWaterTempAvg - 0.001) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
                                  " was lower than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinWaterTempAvg, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.2R}].", MinWaterTempAvg));
                 ThisCP.RatedWaterTemp = MinWaterTempAvg;
             }
 
@@ -345,12 +351,12 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
             if (ThisCP.RatedZoneAirTemp > MaxWaterTempAvg + 0.001) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxWaterTempAvg, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxWaterTempAvg));
                 ThisCP.RatedZoneAirTemp = MaxWaterTempAvg;
             } else if (ThisCP.RatedZoneAirTemp < MinWaterTempAvg - 0.001) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
                                  " was lower than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinWaterTempAvg, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.2R}].", MinWaterTempAvg));
                 ThisCP.RatedZoneAirTemp = MinWaterTempAvg;
             }
 
@@ -358,7 +364,7 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
             if (ThisCP.RatedWaterFlowRate < 0.00001 || ThisCP.RatedWaterFlowRate > 10.0) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
                                  " is an invalid Standard Water mass flow rate.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to a default value=[" + RoundSigDigits(WaterMassFlowDefault, 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to a default value=[{:.1R}].", WaterMassFlowDefault));
                 ThisCP.RatedWaterFlowRate = WaterMassFlowDefault;
             }
 
@@ -368,7 +374,7 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
                     ThisCP.ScaledCoolingCapacity = rNumericArgs(4);
                     if (ThisCP.ScaledCoolingCapacity < 0.0 && ThisCP.ScaledCoolingCapacity != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + " = " + ThisCP.EquipID);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(4) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(4), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFieldNames(4), rNumericArgs(4)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -386,7 +392,7 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
                     if (ThisCP.CoolingCapMethod <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + " = " + ThisCP.EquipID);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFieldNames(5) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(5));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFieldNames(5), rNumericArgs(5)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (ThisCP.ScaledCoolingCapacity == DataSizing::AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + " = " + ThisCP.EquipID);
@@ -406,7 +412,7 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
                     ThisCP.ScaledCoolingCapacity = rNumericArgs(6);
                     if (ThisCP.ScaledCoolingCapacity < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + " = " + ThisCP.EquipID);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(6) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(6), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFieldNames(6), rNumericArgs(6)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -425,12 +431,12 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
             if ((ThisCP.WaterVolFlowRateMax <= MinWaterFlowRate) && ThisCP.WaterVolFlowRateMax != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
                                  " was less than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinWaterFlowRate, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.2R}].", MinWaterFlowRate));
                 ThisCP.WaterVolFlowRateMax = MinWaterFlowRate;
             } else if (ThisCP.WaterVolFlowRateMax > MaxWaterFlowRate) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxWaterFlowRate, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxWaterFlowRate));
                 ThisCP.WaterVolFlowRateMax = MaxWaterFlowRate;
             }
 
@@ -487,13 +493,13 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
             if (ThisCP.FracRadiant < MinFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(10) +
                                  " was lower than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFraction, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.2R}].", MinFraction));
                 ThisCP.FracRadiant = MinFraction;
             }
             if (ThisCP.FracRadiant > MaxFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(10) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxFraction));
                 ThisCP.FracRadiant = MaxFraction;
             }
 
@@ -512,13 +518,13 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
             if (ThisCP.FracDistribPerson < MinFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(11) +
                                  " was lower than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFraction, 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.3R}].", MinFraction));
                 ThisCP.FracDistribPerson = MinFraction;
             }
             if (ThisCP.FracDistribPerson > MaxFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(11) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.3R}].", MaxFraction));
                 ThisCP.FracDistribPerson = MaxFraction;
             }
 
@@ -526,7 +532,7 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
             if ((ThisCP.TotSurfToDistrib < MinDistribSurfaces) && (ThisCP.FracRadiant > MinFraction)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 "\", the number of surface/radiant fraction groups entered was less than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...the minimum that must be entered=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinDistribSurfaces) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...the minimum that must be entered=[{}].", MinDistribSurfaces));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ThisCP.TotSurfToDistrib = 0; // error
             }
@@ -563,13 +569,13 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
                 if (ThisCP.FracDistribToSurf(SurfNum) > MaxFraction) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(SurfNum + 8) +
                                      "was greater than the allowable maximum.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxFraction));
                     ThisCP.TotSurfToDistrib = MaxFraction;
                 }
                 if (ThisCP.FracDistribToSurf(SurfNum) < MinFraction) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(SurfNum + 8) +
                                      "was less than the allowable minimum.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFraction, 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MinFraction));
                     ThisCP.TotSurfToDistrib = MinFraction;
                 }
                 if (ThisCP.SurfacePtr(SurfNum) != 0) {
@@ -589,13 +595,14 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 "\", Summed radiant fractions for people + surface groups < 1.0");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "This would result in some of the radiant energy delivered by the high temp radiant heater being lost.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The sum of all radiation fractions to surfaces = " +
-                                  TrimSigDigits((AllFracsSummed - ThisCP.FracDistribPerson), 5));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The radiant fraction to people = " + TrimSigDigits(ThisCP.FracDistribPerson, 5));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "So, all radiant fractions including surfaces and people = " + TrimSigDigits(AllFracsSummed, 5));
                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                    "This means that the fraction of radiant energy that would be lost from the high temperature radiant heater would be = " +
-                    TrimSigDigits((1.0 - AllFracsSummed), 5));
+                                  format("The sum of all radiation fractions to surfaces = {:.5T}", (AllFracsSummed - ThisCP.FracDistribPerson)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The radiant fraction to people = {:.5T}", ThisCP.FracDistribPerson));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("So, all radiant fractions including surfaces and people = {:.5T}", AllFracsSummed));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("This means that the fraction of radiant energy that would be lost from the high temperature radiant heater "
+                                         "would be = {:.5T}",
+                                         (1.0 - AllFracsSummed)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Please check and correct this so that all radiant energy is accounted for in " + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + " = " +
                                   cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -900,7 +907,7 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::MyPlantSizingIndex;
         using PlantUtilities::RegisterPlantCompDesignFlow;
 
@@ -1061,10 +1068,9 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
                                 ShowMessage(state,
                                     "SizeCoolingPanel: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:CoolingPanel:RadiantConvective:Water = \"" +
                                     ThisCP.EquipID + "\".");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Cool Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(WaterVolFlowMaxCoolUser, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Cool Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(WaterVolFlowMaxCoolDes, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Cool Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", WaterVolFlowMaxCoolUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Cool Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", WaterVolFlowMaxCoolDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1179,7 +1185,7 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::CurDeadBandOrSetback;
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::ZoneSysEnergyDemand;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyTdpFnWPb;
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
@@ -1271,11 +1277,11 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + " [" + this->EquipID +
                                            "] inlet water temperature below dew-point temperature--potential for condensation exists");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Flow to the simple cooling panel will be shut-off to avoid condensation");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Water inlet temperature = " + RoundSigDigits(waterInletTemp, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Zone dew-point temperature + safety delta T= " + RoundSigDigits(DewPointTemp + this->CondDewPtDeltaT, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Water inlet temperature = {:.2R}", waterInletTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone dew-point temperature + safety delta T= {:.2R}", DewPointTemp + this->CondDewPtDeltaT));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Note that a " + RoundSigDigits(this->CondDewPtDeltaT, 4) +
-                                          " C safety was chosen in the input for the shut-off criteria");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("Note that a {:.4R} C safety was chosen in the input for the shut-off criteria", this->CondDewPtDeltaT));
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + " [" + this->EquipID + "] condensation shut-off occurrence continues.",
                                                    this->CondErrIndex,
@@ -1601,7 +1607,6 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::QCoolingPanelSurf;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::QCoolingPanelToPerson;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         Real64 const SmallestArea(0.001); // Smallest area in meters squared (to avoid a divide by zero)
@@ -1636,16 +1641,16 @@ namespace CoolingPanelSimple {
                     if (ThisSurfIntensity > MaxRadHeatFlux) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "DistributeCoolingPanelRadGains:  excessive thermal radiation heat flux intensity detected");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Surface = " + ThisSurf.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Surface area = " + RoundSigDigits(ThisSurf.Area, 3) + " [m2]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface area = {:.3R} [m2]", ThisSurf.Area));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + " = " + ThisCP.EquipID);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Radiation intensity = " + RoundSigDigits(ThisSurfIntensity, 2) + " [W/m2]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Radiation intensity = {:.2R} [W/m2]", ThisSurfIntensity));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Assign a larger surface area or more surfaces in " + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple);
                         ShowFatalError(state, "DistributeCoolingPanelRadGains:  excessive thermal radiation heat flux intensity detected");
                     }
                 } else {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "DistributeCoolingPanelRadGains:  surface not large enough to receive thermal radiation heat flux");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Surface = " + ThisSurf.Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Surface area = " + RoundSigDigits(ThisSurf.Area, 3) + " [m2]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface area = {:.3R} [m2]", ThisSurf.Area));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple + " = " + ThisCP.EquipID);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Assign a larger surface area or more surfaces in " + cCMO_CoolingPanel_Simple);
                     ShowFatalError(state, "DistributeCoolingPanelRadGains:  surface not large enough to receive thermal radiation heat flux");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerAbsorption.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerAbsorption.cc
index 2b4b996f361..2f32b6bdbec 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerAbsorption.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerAbsorption.cc
@@ -171,10 +171,14 @@ namespace ChillerAbsorption {
                                                                         FirstHVACIteration);
 
         } else {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "SimBLASTAbsorber: Invalid LoopNum passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(calledFromLocation.loopNum) +
-                           ", Unit name=" + this->Name + ", stored chilled water loop=" + General::TrimSigDigits(this->CWLoopNum) +
-                           ", stored condenser water loop=" + General::TrimSigDigits(this->CDLoopNum) +
-                           ", stored generator loop=" + General::TrimSigDigits(this->GenLoopNum));
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("SimBLASTAbsorber: Invalid LoopNum passed={}, Unit name={}, stored chilled water loop={}, stored condenser water "
+                                  "loop={}, stored generator loop={}",
+                                  calledFromLocation.loopNum,
+                                  this->Name,
+                                  this->CWLoopNum,
+                                  this->CDLoopNum,
+                                  this->GenLoopNum));
         }
     }
 
@@ -281,8 +285,7 @@ namespace ChillerAbsorption {
                 thisChiller.NomPumpPowerWasAutoSized = true;
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -458,8 +461,7 @@ namespace ChillerAbsorption {
 
             if (thisChiller.GeneratorVolFlowRate == 0.0 &&
                 thisChiller.GenHeatSourceType == DataLoopNode::NodeType_Water) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(16) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(16), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(16), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(16)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Generator water flow rate must be greater than 0 when absorber generator fluid type is hot water.");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -962,9 +964,8 @@ namespace ChillerAbsorption {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - NomCapUser) / NomCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorption: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NomCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1014,9 +1015,8 @@ namespace ChillerAbsorption {
                         if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                             if ((std::abs(tmpNomPumpPower - NomPumpPowerUser) / NomPumpPowerUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorption: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Pumping Power of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomPumpPowerUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Pumping Power of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomPumpPower, 2) +
-                                                  " [W]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Pumping Power of {:.2R} [W]", NomPumpPowerUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Pumping Power of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomPumpPower));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1060,10 +1060,11 @@ namespace ChillerAbsorption {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpEvapVolFlowRate - EvapVolFlowRateUser) / EvapVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorption: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(EvapVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpEvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", EvapVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpEvapVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1135,10 +1136,11 @@ namespace ChillerAbsorption {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpCondVolFlowRate - CondVolFlowRateUser) / CondVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorption: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(CondVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", CondVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpCondVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1209,10 +1211,12 @@ namespace ChillerAbsorption {
                                         if ((std::abs(tmpGeneratorVolFlowRate - GeneratorVolFlowRateUser) / GeneratorVolFlowRateUser) >
                                             DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorption: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                              General::RoundSigDigits(GeneratorVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                              General::RoundSigDigits(tmpGeneratorVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                            ShowContinueError(
+                                                state,
+                                                format("User-Specified Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", GeneratorVolFlowRateUser));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                              format("differs from Design Size Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                                     tmpGeneratorVolFlowRate));
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                         }
@@ -1268,10 +1272,12 @@ namespace ChillerAbsorption {
                                         if ((std::abs(tmpGeneratorVolFlowRate - GeneratorVolFlowRateUser) / GeneratorVolFlowRateUser) >
                                             DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorption: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                              General::RoundSigDigits(GeneratorVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                              General::RoundSigDigits(tmpGeneratorVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                            ShowContinueError(
+                                                state,
+                                                format("User-Specified Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", GeneratorVolFlowRateUser));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                              format("differs from Design Size Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                                     tmpGeneratorVolFlowRate));
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerElectricEIR.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerElectricEIR.cc
index f73c24a7a74..7e10df4974a 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerElectricEIR.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerElectricEIR.cc
@@ -455,15 +455,13 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) == 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             thisChiller.RefCOP = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2) == 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             thisChiller.TempRefEvapOut = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3);
@@ -486,9 +484,12 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
 
             if (thisChiller.MinPartLoadRat > thisChiller.MaxPartLoadRat) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7) + " [" + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7), 3) +
-                                  "] > " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8) + " [" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8), 3) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.3R}] > {} [{:.3R}]",
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Minimum part load ratio must be less than or equal to the maximum part load ratio ");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -496,7 +497,7 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
             if (thisChiller.MinUnloadRat < thisChiller.MinPartLoadRat ||
                 thisChiller.MinUnloadRat > thisChiller.MaxPartLoadRat) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10), 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + " must be greater than or equal to the " +
                                   DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + " must be less than or equal to the " +
@@ -507,7 +508,7 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
             if (thisChiller.OptPartLoadRat < thisChiller.MinPartLoadRat ||
                 thisChiller.OptPartLoadRat > thisChiller.MaxPartLoadRat) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(9), 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(9)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9) + " must be greater than or equal to the " +
                                   DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9) + " must be less than or equal to the " +
@@ -521,7 +522,7 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
             if (thisChiller.CompPowerToCondenserFrac < 0.0 ||
                 thisChiller.CompPowerToCondenserFrac > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(12) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(12), 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(12), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(12)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(12) + " must be greater than or equal to zero");
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(12) + " must be less than or equal to one");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -645,7 +646,7 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         "Capacity ratio as a function of temperature curve output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at reference conditions.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at reference conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at reference conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -657,7 +658,7 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         "Energy input ratio as a function of temperature curve output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at reference conditions.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at reference conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at reference conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -668,7 +669,7 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         "Energy input ratio as a function of part-load ratio curve output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at reference conditions.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at reference conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at reference conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1280,10 +1281,11 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpEvapVolFlowRate - EvapVolFlowRateUser) / EvapVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerElectricEIR: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(EvapVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpEvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", EvapVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpEvapVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1347,9 +1349,8 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - RefCapUser) / RefCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerElectricEIR: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Reference Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(RefCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Reference Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Reference Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", RefCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Reference Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1414,10 +1415,11 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpCondVolFlowRate - CondVolFlowRateUser) / CondVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerElectricEIR: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Reference Condenser Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(CondVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Reference Condenser Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Reference Condenser Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", CondVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Reference Condenser Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpCondVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1499,10 +1501,10 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
                             if ((std::abs(tempHeatRecVolFlowRate - nomHeatRecVolFlowRateUser) / nomHeatRecVolFlowRateUser) >
                                 DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerElectricEIR: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(nomHeatRecVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(tempHeatRecVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("User-Specified Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", nomHeatRecVolFlowRateUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tempHeatRecVolFlowRate));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1805,10 +1807,12 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
                 !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 ++this->ChillerCapFTError;
                 ShowWarningError(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:EIR \"" + this->Name + "\":");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Chiller Capacity as a Function of Temperature curve output is negative (" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(this->ChillerCapFT, 3) + ").");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an Evaporator Outlet Temp of " + General::RoundSigDigits(EvapOutletTempSetPoint, 1) +
-                                  " and a Condenser Inlet Temp of " + General::RoundSigDigits(condInletTemp, 1) + '.');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" Chiller Capacity as a Function of Temperature curve output is negative ({:.3R}).", this->ChillerCapFT));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" Negative value occurs using an Evaporator Outlet Temp of {:.1R} and a Condenser Inlet Temp of {:.1R}.",
+                                         EvapOutletTempSetPoint,
+                                         condInletTemp));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
             } else if (DataPlant::PlantLoop(this->CWLoopNum).LoopSide(this->CWLoopSideNum).FlowLock != 0 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 ++this->ChillerCapFTError;
@@ -2095,10 +2099,11 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
                 !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 ++this->ChillerEIRFTError;
                 ShowWarningError(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:EIR \"" + this->Name + "\":");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Chiller EIR as a Function of Temperature curve output is negative (" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(this->ChillerEIRFT, 3) + ").");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an Evaporator Outlet Temp of " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->EvapOutletTemp, 1) +
-                                  " and a Condenser Inlet Temp of " + General::RoundSigDigits(condInletTemp, 1) + '.');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Chiller EIR as a Function of Temperature curve output is negative ({:.3R}).", this->ChillerEIRFT));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" Negative value occurs using an Evaporator Outlet Temp of {:.1R} and a Condenser Inlet Temp of {:.1R}.",
+                                         this->EvapOutletTemp,
+                                         condInletTemp));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
             } else if (DataPlant::PlantLoop(this->CWLoopNum).LoopSide(this->CWLoopSideNum).FlowLock != 0 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 ++this->ChillerEIRFTError;
@@ -2117,9 +2122,8 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
                 !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 ++this->ChillerEIRFPLRError;
                 ShowWarningError(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:EIR \"" + this->Name + "\":");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Chiller EIR as a function of PLR curve output is negative (" + General::RoundSigDigits(this->ChillerEIRFPLR, 3) +
-                                  ").");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using a part-load ratio of " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadRat, 3) + '.');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Chiller EIR as a function of PLR curve output is negative ({:.3R}).", this->ChillerEIRFPLR));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative value occurs using a part-load ratio of {:.3R}.", PartLoadRat));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
             } else if (DataPlant::PlantLoop(this->CWLoopNum).LoopSide(this->CWLoopSideNum).FlowLock != 0 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 ++this->ChillerEIRFPLRError;
@@ -2150,7 +2154,7 @@ namespace ChillerElectricEIR {
                 // DSU? maybe this could be handled earlier, check if this component has a load and an evap flow rate
                 // then if cond flow is zero, just make a request to the condenser,
                 // then just say it couldn't run until condenser loop wakes up.
-                // CALL ShowFatalError('Program Terminates due to previous error condition.')
+                // CALL ShowFatalError(state, 'Program Terminates due to previous error condition.')
             }
         } else { // Air Cooled or Evap Cooled
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerExhaustAbsorption.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerExhaustAbsorption.cc
index a8df124c43e..2f1d149bae5 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerExhaustAbsorption.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerExhaustAbsorption.cc
@@ -978,9 +978,8 @@ namespace ChillerExhaustAbsorption {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - NomCapUser) / NomCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerHeaterAbsorptionDoubleEffect: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NomCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1045,10 +1044,11 @@ namespace ChillerExhaustAbsorption {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpEvapVolFlowRate - EvapVolFlowRateUser) / EvapVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorptionDoubleEffect: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(EvapVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpEvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", EvapVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpEvapVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1117,10 +1117,10 @@ namespace ChillerExhaustAbsorption {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate - HeatRecVolFlowRateUser) / HeatRecVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerHeaterAbsorptionDoubleEffect: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Hot Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(HeatRecVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Hot Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Design Hot Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", HeatRecVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Design Hot Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1200,10 +1200,11 @@ namespace ChillerExhaustAbsorption {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpCondVolFlowRate - CondVolFlowRateUser) / CondVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorptionDoubleEffect: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(CondVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", CondVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpCondVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1602,9 +1603,9 @@ namespace ChillerExhaustAbsorption {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "ChillerHeater:Absorption:DoubleEffect \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         "...Exhaust temperature and flow input from Micro Turbine is not sufficient during cooling to run the chiller ");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Value of Exhaust air inlet temp =" + General::TrimSigDigits(lExhaustInTemp, 4) + " C.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... and Exhaust air flow rate of " + General::TrimSigDigits(lExhaustInFlow, 2) + " kg/s.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Value of minimum absorber leaving temp =" + General::TrimSigDigits(AbsLeavingTemp, 4) + " C.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Value of Exhaust air inlet temp ={:.4T} C.", lExhaustInTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... and Exhaust air flow rate of {:.2T} kg/s.", lExhaustInFlow));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Value of minimum absorber leaving temp ={:.4T} C.", AbsLeavingTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Either increase the Exhaust temperature (min required = 350 C )  or flow or both of Micro Turbine to meet "
                                       "the min available potential criteria.");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Simulation will continue.");
@@ -1891,9 +1892,9 @@ namespace ChillerExhaustAbsorption {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "ChillerHeater:Absorption:DoubleEffect \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         "...Exhaust temperature and flow input from Micro Turbine is not sufficient to run the chiller during heating .");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Value of Exhaust air inlet temp =" + General::TrimSigDigits(lExhaustInTemp, 4) + " C.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... and Exhaust air flow rate of " + General::TrimSigDigits(lExhaustInFlow, 2) + " kg/s.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Value of minimum absorber leaving temp =" + General::TrimSigDigits(AbsLeavingTemp, 4) + " C.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Value of Exhaust air inlet temp ={:.4T} C.", lExhaustInTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... and Exhaust air flow rate of {:.2T} kg/s.", lExhaustInFlow));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Value of minimum absorber leaving temp ={:.4T} C.", AbsLeavingTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Either increase the Exhaust temperature (min required = 350 C  )  or flow or both of Micro Turbine to meet "
                                       "the min available potential criteria.");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Simulation will continue.");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerGasAbsorption.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerGasAbsorption.cc
index 6bf05e863f6..2d272d11967 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerGasAbsorption.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerGasAbsorption.cc
@@ -970,9 +970,8 @@ namespace ChillerGasAbsorption {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - NomCapUser) / NomCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerHeaterAbsorptionDirectFired: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NomCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1036,10 +1035,11 @@ namespace ChillerGasAbsorption {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpEvapVolFlowRate - EvapVolFlowRateUser) / EvapVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorptionDirectFired: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(EvapVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpEvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", EvapVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpEvapVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1108,10 +1108,10 @@ namespace ChillerGasAbsorption {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate - HeatRecVolFlowRateUser) / HeatRecVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerHeaterAbsorptionDirectFired: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Hot Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(HeatRecVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Hot Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Design Hot Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", HeatRecVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Design Hot Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1192,10 +1192,11 @@ namespace ChillerGasAbsorption {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpCondVolFlowRate - CondVolFlowRateUser) / CondVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorptionDirectFired: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(CondVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", CondVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpCondVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerIndirectAbsorption.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerIndirectAbsorption.cc
index d598636d99f..c68c9b8824b 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerIndirectAbsorption.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerIndirectAbsorption.cc
@@ -165,10 +165,14 @@ namespace ChillerIndirectAbsorption {
                                                                         FirstHVACIteration);
 
         } else {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "SimIndirectAbsorber: Invalid LoopNum passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(calledFromLocation.loopNum) +
-                           ", Unit name=" + this->Name + ", stored chilled water loop=" + General::TrimSigDigits(this->CWLoopNum) +
-                           ", stored condenser water loop=" + General::TrimSigDigits(this->CDLoopNum) +
-                           ", stored generator loop=" + General::TrimSigDigits(this->GenLoopNum));
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("SimIndirectAbsorber: Invalid LoopNum passed={}, Unit name={}, stored chilled water loop={}, stored condenser "
+                                  "water loop={}, stored generator loop={}",
+                                  calledFromLocation.loopNum,
+                                  this->Name,
+                                  this->CWLoopNum,
+                                  this->CDLoopNum,
+                                  this->GenLoopNum));
         }
     }
 
@@ -268,8 +272,7 @@ namespace ChillerIndirectAbsorption {
                 thisChiller.NomPumpPowerWasAutoSized = true;
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -1049,9 +1052,8 @@ namespace ChillerIndirectAbsorption {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - NomCapUser) / NomCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorptionIndirect: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NomCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1105,9 +1107,8 @@ namespace ChillerIndirectAbsorption {
                         if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                             if ((std::abs(tmpNomPumpPower - NomPumpPowerUser) / NomPumpPowerUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorptionIndirect: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Pumping Power of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomPumpPowerUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Pumping Power of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomPumpPower, 2) +
-                                                  " [W]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Pumping Power of {:.2R} [W]", NomPumpPowerUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Pumping Power of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomPumpPower));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1152,10 +1153,11 @@ namespace ChillerIndirectAbsorption {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpEvapVolFlowRate - EvapVolFlowRateUser) / EvapVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerElectricIndirect: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(EvapVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpEvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", EvapVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpEvapVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1236,10 +1238,11 @@ namespace ChillerIndirectAbsorption {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpCondVolFlowRate - CondVolFlowRateUser) / CondVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorptionIndirect: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(CondVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", CondVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpCondVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1323,10 +1326,12 @@ namespace ChillerIndirectAbsorption {
                                         if ((std::abs(tmpGeneratorVolFlowRate - GeneratorVolFlowRateUser) / GeneratorVolFlowRateUser) >
                                             DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorptionIndirect: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                              General::RoundSigDigits(GeneratorVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                              General::RoundSigDigits(tmpGeneratorVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                            ShowContinueError(
+                                                state,
+                                                format("User-Specified Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", GeneratorVolFlowRateUser));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                              format("differs from Design Size Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                                     tmpGeneratorVolFlowRate));
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                         }
@@ -1398,10 +1403,12 @@ namespace ChillerIndirectAbsorption {
                                         if ((std::abs(tmpGeneratorVolFlowRate - GeneratorVolFlowRateUser) / GeneratorVolFlowRateUser) >
                                             DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerAbsorptionIndirect: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                              General::RoundSigDigits(GeneratorVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                              General::RoundSigDigits(tmpGeneratorVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                            ShowContinueError(
+                                                state,
+                                                format("User-Specified Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", GeneratorVolFlowRateUser));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                              format("differs from Design Size Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                                     tmpGeneratorVolFlowRate));
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                         }
@@ -1535,10 +1542,10 @@ namespace ChillerIndirectAbsorption {
                 if (this->MinCondInletTempCtr < 1) {
                     ++this->MinCondInletTempCtr;
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Chiller:Absorption:Indirect \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Entering condenser water temperature below specified minimum (" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->MinCondInletTemp, 3) + " C).");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Entering condenser water temperature = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(this->CondInletNodeNum).Temp, 3) + " C.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Entering condenser water temperature below specified minimum ({:.3R} C).", this->MinCondInletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Entering condenser water temperature = {:.3R} C.", DataLoopNode::Node(this->CondInletNodeNum).Temp));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "...simulation continues.");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Entering condenser water temperature below specified minimum error continues.",
@@ -1556,10 +1563,12 @@ namespace ChillerIndirectAbsorption {
                     if (this->MinGenInletTempCtr < 1) {
                         ++this->MinGenInletTempCtr;
                         ShowWarningError(state, "Chiller:Absorption:Indirect \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Entering generator fluid temperature below specified minimum (" +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(this->MinGeneratorInletTemp, 3) + " C).");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Entering generator fluid temperature = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(this->GeneratorInletNodeNum).Temp, 3) + " C.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...Entering generator fluid temperature below specified minimum ({:.3R} C).", this->MinGeneratorInletTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...Entering generator fluid temperature = {:.3R} C.", DataLoopNode::Node(this->GeneratorInletNodeNum).Temp));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "...simulation continues.");
                     } else {
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Entering generator fluid temperature below specified minimum error continues.",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerReformulatedEIR.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerReformulatedEIR.cc
index b653f261a81..67a585cba77 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerReformulatedEIR.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ChillerReformulatedEIR.cc
@@ -410,16 +410,14 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) == 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             thisChiller.RefCOP = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2) == 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -427,9 +425,12 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
             thisChiller.TempRefCondOut = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(4);
             if (thisChiller.TempRefEvapOut >= thisChiller.TempRefCondOut) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3) + " [" + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3), 2) +
-                                  "] >= " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4) + " [" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(4), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.2R}] >= {} [{:.2R}]",
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(4)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Reference Leaving Chilled Water Temperature must be less than Reference Leaving Condenser Water Temperature ");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -451,9 +452,12 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
 
             if (thisChiller.MinPartLoadRat > thisChiller.MaxPartLoadRat) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7) + " [" + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7), 3) +
-                                  "] > " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8) + " [" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8), 3) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.3R}] > {} [{:.3R}]",
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Minimum part load ratio must be less than or equal to the maximum part load ratio ");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -461,7 +465,7 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
             if (thisChiller.MinUnloadRat < thisChiller.MinPartLoadRat ||
                 thisChiller.MinUnloadRat > thisChiller.MaxPartLoadRat) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10), 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + " must be greater than or equal to the " +
                                   DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + " must be less than or equal to the " +
@@ -472,7 +476,7 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
             if (thisChiller.OptPartLoadRat < thisChiller.MinPartLoadRat ||
                 thisChiller.OptPartLoadRat > thisChiller.MaxPartLoadRat) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(9), 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(9)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9) + " must be greater than or equal to the " +
                                   DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9) + " must be less than or equal to the " +
@@ -485,7 +489,7 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
             if (thisChiller.CompPowerToCondenserFrac < 0.0 ||
                 thisChiller.CompPowerToCondenserFrac > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(11), 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(11)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11) + " must be greater than or equal to zero");
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11) + " must be less than or equal to one");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -1058,10 +1062,11 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpEvapVolFlowRate - EvapVolFlowRateUser) / EvapVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerElectricReformulatedEIR: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(EvapVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpEvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", EvapVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpEvapVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1136,9 +1141,8 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - RefCapUser) / RefCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "Size:ChillerElectricReformulatedEIR: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Reference Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(RefCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Reference Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Reference Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", RefCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Reference Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1208,10 +1212,11 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpCondVolFlowRate - CondVolFlowRateUser) / CondVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "Size:ChillerElectricReformulatedEIR: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(CondVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", CondVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpCondVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1271,10 +1276,12 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate - DesignHeatRecVolFlowRateUser) / DesignHeatRecVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "Size:ChillerElectricReformulatedEIR: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DesignHeatRecVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("User-Specified Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", DesignHeatRecVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("differs from Design Size Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                             tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1323,7 +1330,7 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
                 if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Capacity ratio as a function of temperature curve output is not equal to 1.0");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "(+ or - 10%) at reference conditions for Chiller:Electric:ReformulatedEIR = " + equipName);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at reference conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at reference conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
                 CurveManager::GetCurveMinMaxValues(state,this->ChillerCapFTIndex,
                                                    this->ChillerCAPFTXTempMin,
@@ -1337,7 +1344,7 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
                 if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Energy input ratio as a function of temperature curve output is not equal to 1.0");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "(+ or - 10%) at reference conditions for Chiller:Electric:ReformulatedEIR = " + equipName);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at reference conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at reference conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
                 CurveManager::GetCurveMinMaxValues(state,this->ChillerEIRFTIndex,
                                                    this->ChillerEIRFTXTempMin,
@@ -1356,7 +1363,7 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
                 if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Energy input ratio as a function of part-load ratio curve output is not equal to 1.0");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "(+ or - 10%) at reference conditions for Chiller:Electric:ReformulatedEIR = " + equipName);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at reference conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at reference conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
 
                 if (this->PartLoadCurveType == PLR::LeavingCondenserWaterTemperature) {
@@ -1376,15 +1383,19 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
                 }
 
                 if (this->ChillerEIRFPLRPLRMin < 0 || this->ChillerEIRFPLRPLRMin >= this->ChillerEIRFPLRPLRMax || this->ChillerEIRFPLRPLRMin > 1) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid minimum value of PLR = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->ChillerEIRFPLRPLRMin, 3) +
-                                    " in bicubic curve = " + this->EIRFPLRName + " which is used");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("Invalid minimum value of PLR = {:.3T} in bicubic curve = {} which is used",
+                                           this->ChillerEIRFPLRPLRMin,
+                                           this->EIRFPLRName));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "by Chiller:Electric:ReformulatedEIR = " + equipName + '.');
                     ShowContinueError(state, "The minimum value of PLR [y] must be from zero to 1, and less than the maximum value of PLR.");
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (this->ChillerEIRFPLRPLRMax > 1.1 || this->ChillerEIRFPLRPLRMax <= this->ChillerEIRFPLRPLRMin || this->ChillerEIRFPLRPLRMax < 0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid maximum value of PLR = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->ChillerEIRFPLRPLRMax, 3) +
-                                    " in bicubic curve = " + this->EIRFPLRName + " which is used");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("Invalid maximum value of PLR = {:.3T} in bicubic curve = {} which is used",
+                                           this->ChillerEIRFPLRPLRMax,
+                                           this->EIRFPLRName));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "by Chiller:Electric:ReformulatedEIR = " + equipName + '.');
                     ShowContinueError(state, "The maximum value of PLR [y] must be from zero to 1.1, and greater than the minimum value of PLR.");
                     ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -2320,13 +2331,14 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
         if (this->EvapOutletTemp < CAPFTXTmin || this->EvapOutletTemp > CAPFTXTmax) {
             ++this->CAPFTXIter;
             if (this->CAPFTXIter == 1) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name + "\": The evaporator outlet temperature (" +
-                                 General::TrimSigDigits(this->EvapOutletTemp, 2) +
-                                 " C) is outside the range of evaporator outlet temperatures (X var) given in Cooling Capacity Function of "
-                                 "Temperature biquadratic curve = " +
-                                 this->CAPFTName);
-                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The range specified = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CAPFTXTmin, 2) + " C to " +
-                                           General::TrimSigDigits(CAPFTXTmax, 2) + " C.");
+                ShowWarningError(
+                    state,
+                    format("CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"{}\": The evaporator outlet temperature ({:.2T} C) is outside the range of evaporator "
+                           "outlet temperatures (X var) given in Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature biquadratic curve = {}",
+                           this->Name,
+                           this->EvapOutletTemp,
+                           this->CAPFTName));
+                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("The range specified = {:.2T} C to {:.2T} C.", CAPFTXTmin, CAPFTXTmax));
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name +
                                                    "\": The evap outlet temp range in Cooling Capacity Function of Temp curve error continues.",
                                                this->CAPFTXIterIndex,
@@ -2344,13 +2356,15 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
         if (this->EvapOutletTemp < EIRFTXTmin || this->EvapOutletTemp > EIRFTXTmax) {
             ++this->EIRFTXIter;
             if (this->EIRFTXIter == 1) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name + "\": The evaporator outlet temperature (" +
-                                 General::TrimSigDigits(this->EvapOutletTemp, 2) +
-                                 " C) is outside the range of evaporator outlet temperatures (X var) given in Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio "
-                                 "Function of Temperature biquadratic curve = " +
-                                 this->EIRFTName);
-                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The range specified = " + General::TrimSigDigits(EIRFTXTmin, 2) + " C to " +
-                                           General::TrimSigDigits(EIRFTXTmax, 2) + " C.");
+                ShowWarningError(
+                    state,
+                    format(
+                        "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"{}\": The evaporator outlet temperature ({:.2T} C) is outside the range of evaporator "
+                        "outlet temperatures (X var) given in Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature biquadratic curve = {}",
+                        this->Name,
+                        this->EvapOutletTemp,
+                        this->EIRFTName));
+                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("The range specified = {:.2T} C to {:.2T} C.", EIRFTXTmin, EIRFTXTmax));
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                     "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name +
                         "\": The evap outlet temp range in Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temp curve error continues.",
@@ -2401,13 +2415,14 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
         if (this->CondOutletTemp < CAPFTYTmin || this->CondOutletTemp > CAPFTYTmax) {
             ++this->CAPFTYIter;
             if (this->CAPFTYIter == 1) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name + "\": The condenser outlet temperature (" +
-                                 General::TrimSigDigits(this->CondOutletTemp, 2) +
-                                 " C) is outside the range of condenser outlet temperatures (Y var) given in Cooling Capacity Function of "
-                                 "Temperature biquadratic curve = " +
-                                 this->CAPFTName);
-                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The range specified = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CAPFTYTmin, 2) + " C to " +
-                                           General::TrimSigDigits(CAPFTYTmax, 2) + " C.");
+                ShowWarningError(
+                    state,
+                    format("CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"{}\": The condenser outlet temperature ({:.2T} C) is outside the range of condenser "
+                           "outlet temperatures (Y var) given in Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature biquadratic curve = {}",
+                           this->Name,
+                           this->CondOutletTemp,
+                           this->CAPFTName));
+                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("The range specified = {:.2T} C to {:.2T} C.", CAPFTYTmin, CAPFTYTmax));
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name +
                                                    "\": The cond outlet temp range in Cooling Capacity Function of Temp curve error continues.",
                                                this->CAPFTYIterIndex,
@@ -2425,13 +2440,15 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
         if (this->CondOutletTemp < EIRFTYTmin || this->CondOutletTemp > EIRFTYTmax) {
             ++this->EIRFTYIter;
             if (this->EIRFTYIter == 1) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name + "\": The condenser outlet temperature (" +
-                                 General::TrimSigDigits(this->CondOutletTemp, 2) +
-                                 " C) is outside the range of condenser outlet temperatures (Y var) given in Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio "
-                                 "Function of Temperature biquadratic curve = " +
-                                 this->EIRFTName);
-                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The range specified = " + General::TrimSigDigits(EIRFTYTmin, 2) + " C to " +
-                                           General::TrimSigDigits(EIRFTYTmax, 2) + " C.");
+                ShowWarningError(
+                    state,
+                    format(
+                        "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"{}\": The condenser outlet temperature ({:.2T} C) is outside the range of condenser "
+                        "outlet temperatures (Y var) given in Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature biquadratic curve = {}",
+                        this->Name,
+                        this->CondOutletTemp,
+                        this->EIRFTName));
+                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("The range specified = {:.2T} C to {:.2T} C.", EIRFTYTmin, EIRFTYTmax));
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                     "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name +
                         "\": The cond outlet temp range in Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio as a Function of Temp curve error continues.",
@@ -2452,13 +2469,14 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
             if (this->CondOutletTemp < EIRFPLRTmin || this->CondOutletTemp > EIRFPLRTmax) {
                 ++this->EIRFPLRTIter;
                 if (this->EIRFPLRTIter == 1) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name + "\": The condenser outlet temperature (" +
-                                     General::TrimSigDigits(this->CondOutletTemp, 2) +
-                                     " C) is outside the range of condenser outlet temperatures (X var) given in Electric Input to Cooling Output "
-                                     "Ratio Function of Part-load Ratio bicubic curve = " +
-                                     this->EIRFPLRName);
-                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The range specified = " + General::TrimSigDigits(EIRFPLRTmin, 2) + " C to " +
-                                               General::TrimSigDigits(EIRFPLRTmax, 2) + " C.");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"{}\": The condenser outlet temperature ({:.2T} C) is outside the "
+                                            "range of condenser outlet temperatures (X var) given in Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function "
+                                            "of Part-load Ratio bicubic curve = {}",
+                                            this->Name,
+                                            this->CondOutletTemp,
+                                            this->EIRFPLRName));
+                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("The range specified = {:.2T} C to {:.2T} C.", EIRFPLRTmin, EIRFPLRTmax));
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                         "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name +
                             "\": The cond outlet temp range in Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of PLR curve error continues.",
@@ -2479,13 +2497,14 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
         if (this->ChillerPartLoadRatio < EIRFPLRPLRmin || this->ChillerPartLoadRatio > EIRFPLRPLRmax) {
             ++this->EIRFPLRPLRIter;
             if (this->EIRFPLRPLRIter == 1) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name + "\": The part-load ratio (" +
-                                 General::TrimSigDigits(this->ChillerPartLoadRatio, 3) +
-                                 ") is outside the range of part-load ratios (Y var) given in Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of "
-                                 "Part-load Ratio bicubic curve = " +
-                                 this->EIRFPLRName);
-                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The range specified = " + General::TrimSigDigits(EIRFPLRPLRmin, 3) + " to " +
-                                           General::TrimSigDigits(EIRFPLRPLRmax, 3) + '.');
+                ShowWarningError(
+                    state,
+                    format("CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"{}\": The part-load ratio ({:.3T}) is outside the range of part-load ratios (Y var) "
+                           "given in Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part-load Ratio bicubic curve = {}",
+                           this->Name,
+                           this->ChillerPartLoadRatio,
+                           this->EIRFPLRName));
+                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("The range specified = {:.3T} to {:.3T}.", EIRFPLRPLRmin, EIRFPLRPLRmax));
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                     "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name +
                         "\": The part-load ratio range in Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of PLRatio curve error continues.",
@@ -2537,10 +2556,12 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
             if (this->ChillerCapFTError < 1 && DataPlant::PlantLoop(PlantLoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).FlowLock != 0 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 ++this->ChillerCapFTError;
                 ShowWarningError(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name + "\":");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Chiller Capacity as a Function of Temperature curve output is negative (" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(this->ChillerCapFT, 3) + ").");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an Evaporator Leaving Temp of " + General::RoundSigDigits(EvapOutletTempSetPoint, 1) +
-                                  " and a Condenser Leaving Temp of " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->CondOutletTemp, 1) + '.');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" Chiller Capacity as a Function of Temperature curve output is negative ({:.3R}).", this->ChillerCapFT));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" Negative value occurs using an Evaporator Leaving Temp of {:.1R} and a Condenser Leaving Temp of {:.1R}.",
+                                         EvapOutletTempSetPoint,
+                                         this->CondOutletTemp));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
             } else if (DataPlant::PlantLoop(PlantLoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).FlowLock != 0 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 ++this->ChillerCapFTError;
@@ -2558,10 +2579,12 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
             if (this->ChillerEIRFTError < 1 && DataPlant::PlantLoop(PlantLoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).FlowLock != 0 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 ++this->ChillerEIRFTError;
                 ShowWarningError(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name + "\":");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Reformulated Chiller EIR as a Function of Temperature curve output is negative (" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(this->ChillerEIRFT, 3) + ").");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an Evaporator Leaving Temp of " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->EvapOutletTemp, 1) +
-                                  " and a Condenser Leaving Temp of " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->CondOutletTemp, 1) + '.');
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state, format(" Reformulated Chiller EIR as a Function of Temperature curve output is negative ({:.3R}).", this->ChillerEIRFT));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" Negative value occurs using an Evaporator Leaving Temp of {:.1R} and a Condenser Leaving Temp of {:.1R}.",
+                                         this->EvapOutletTemp,
+                                         this->CondOutletTemp));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
             } else if (DataPlant::PlantLoop(PlantLoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).FlowLock != 0 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 ++this->ChillerEIRFTError;
@@ -2601,10 +2624,13 @@ namespace ChillerReformulatedEIR {
             if (this->ChillerEIRFPLRError < 1 && DataPlant::PlantLoop(PlantLoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).FlowLock != 0 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 ++this->ChillerEIRFPLRError;
                 ShowWarningError(state, "CHILLER:ELECTRIC:REFORMULATEDEIR \"" + this->Name + "\":");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Chiller EIR as a function of PLR and condenser water temperature curve output is negative (" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(this->ChillerEIRFPLR, 3) + ").");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using a part-load ratio of " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->ChillerPartLoadRatio, 3) +
-                                  " and a Condenser Leaving Temp of " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->CondOutletTemp, 1) + " C.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" Chiller EIR as a function of PLR and condenser water temperature curve output is negative ({:.3R}).",
+                                         this->ChillerEIRFPLR));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" Negative value occurs using a part-load ratio of {:.3R} and a Condenser Leaving Temp of {:.1R} C.",
+                                         this->ChillerPartLoadRatio,
+                                         this->CondOutletTemp));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
             } else if (DataPlant::PlantLoop(PlantLoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).FlowLock != 0 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 ++this->ChillerEIRFPLRError;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Coils/CoilCoolingDXCurveFitSpeed.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Coils/CoilCoolingDXCurveFitSpeed.cc
index edf1ac0be8c..7c5973371a3 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Coils/CoilCoolingDXCurveFitSpeed.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Coils/CoilCoolingDXCurveFitSpeed.cc
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ void CoilCoolingDXCurveFitSpeed::instantiateFromInputSpec(EnergyPlus::EnergyPlus
             ShowContinueError(state, "Waste Heat Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name = " + input_data.waste_heat_function_of_temperature_curve_name);
             ShowContinueError(state,
                 "...Waste Heat Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
         }
     }
 
@@ -174,8 +174,7 @@ void CoilCoolingDXCurveFitSpeed::instantiateFromInputSpec(EnergyPlus::EnergyPlus
         if (MinCurveVal < 0.7) {
             ShowWarningError(state, routineName + this->object_name + "=\"" + this->name + "\", invalid");
             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + fieldName + "=\"" + curveName + "\" has out of range values.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = " + General::TrimSigDigits(MinCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                              General::TrimSigDigits(MinCurveVal, 3));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MinCurvePLR, MinCurveVal));
             ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve minimum to 0.7 and simulation continues.");
             CurveManager::SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, this->indexPLRFPLF, errorsFound, 0.7, _);
         }
@@ -183,8 +182,7 @@ void CoilCoolingDXCurveFitSpeed::instantiateFromInputSpec(EnergyPlus::EnergyPlus
         if (MaxCurveVal > 1.0) {
             ShowWarningError(state, routineName + this->object_name + "=\"" + this->name + "\", invalid");
             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + fieldName + " = " + curveName + " has out of range value.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = " + General::TrimSigDigits(MaxCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                              General::TrimSigDigits(MaxCurveVal, 3));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MaxCurvePLR, MaxCurveVal));
             ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve maximum to 1.0 and simulation continues.");
             CurveManager::SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, this->indexPLRFPLF, errorsFound, _, 1.0);
         }
@@ -419,7 +417,7 @@ void CoilCoolingDXCurveFitSpeed::CalcSpeedOutput(EnergyPlus::EnergyPlusData &sta
         A0 = -std::log(RatedCBF) * RatedAirMassFlowRate;
     } else {
         // This is bad - results in CBF = 1.0 which results in divide by zero below: hADP = inletState.h - hDelta / (1.0 - CBF)
-        ShowFatalError(state, RoutineName + "Rated CBF=" + General::RoundSigDigits(RatedCBF, 6) + " is <= 0.0 for " + object_name + "=" + name);
+        ShowFatalError(state, format("{}Rated CBF={:.6R} is <= 0.0 for {}={}", RoutineName, RatedCBF, object_name, name));
         A0 = 0.0;
     }
     Real64 ADiff = -A0 / AirMassFlow;
@@ -557,8 +555,8 @@ Real64 CoilCoolingDXCurveFitSpeed::CalcBypassFactor(EnergyPlus::EnergyPlusData &
             Real64 adjustedSHR = (Psychrometrics::PsyHFnTdbW(tdb, outw) - outh) / deltaH;
             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + object_name + " \"" + name +
                              "\", SHR adjusted to achieve valid outlet air properties and the simulation continues.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Initial SHR = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->grossRatedSHR, 5));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Adjusted SHR = " + General::RoundSigDigits(adjustedSHR, 5));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Initial SHR = {:.5R}", this->grossRatedSHR));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Adjusted SHR = {:.5R}", adjustedSHR));
         }
     }
 
@@ -579,7 +577,7 @@ Real64 CoilCoolingDXCurveFitSpeed::CalcBypassFactor(EnergyPlus::EnergyPlusData &
     if (slopeAtConds <= 0.0) {
         // TODO: old dx coil protects against slopeAtConds < 0, but no = 0 - not sure why, 'cause that'll cause divide by zero
         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + object_name + " \"" + name + "\" -- coil bypass factor calculation invalid input conditions.");
-        ShowContinueError(state, "deltaT = " + General::RoundSigDigits(deltaT, 3) + " and deltaHumRat = " + General::RoundSigDigits(deltaHumRat, 3));
+        ShowContinueError(state, format("deltaT = {:.3R} and deltaHumRat = {:.3R}", deltaT, deltaHumRat));
         ShowFatalError(state, "Errors found in calculating coil bypass factors");
     }
 
@@ -612,8 +610,7 @@ Real64 CoilCoolingDXCurveFitSpeed::CalcBypassFactor(EnergyPlus::EnergyPlusData &
 
     if (iter > maxIter) {
         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + object_name + " \"" + name + "\" -- coil bypass factor calculation did not converge after max iterations.");
-        ShowContinueError(state, "The RatedSHR of [" + General::RoundSigDigits(this->grossRatedSHR, 3) +
-                          "], entered by the user or autosized (see *.eio file),");
+        ShowContinueError(state, format("The RatedSHR of [{:.3R}], entered by the user or autosized (see *.eio file),", this->grossRatedSHR));
         ShowContinueError(state, "may be causing this. The line defined by the coil rated inlet air conditions");
         ShowContinueError(state, "(26.7C drybulb and 19.4C wetbulb) and the RatedSHR (i.e., slope of the line) must intersect");
         ShowContinueError(state, "the saturation curve of the psychrometric chart. If the RatedSHR is too low, then this");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/CommandLineInterface.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/CommandLineInterface.cc
index c5f0f217683..3644e0caf11 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/CommandLineInterface.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/CommandLineInterface.cc
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ namespace CommandLineInterface {
                 DisplayString(state, "ERROR: Multiple input files specified:");
                 for (size_type i = 0; i < opt.lastArgs.size(); ++i) {
                     std::string const &arg(*opt.lastArgs[i]);
-                    DisplayString(state, "  Input file #" + std::to_string(i + 1) + ": " + arg);
+                    DisplayString(state, format("  Input file #{}: {}", i + 1, arg));
                 }
                 DisplayString(state, errorFollowUp);
                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/CondenserLoopTowers.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/CondenserLoopTowers.cc
index d52fd0be5ff..5723e0e6a6a 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/CondenserLoopTowers.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/CondenserLoopTowers.cc
@@ -2248,9 +2248,10 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Tower Design Range Temperature specified in tower = " + this->Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "is inconsistent with Design Loop Delta Temperature specified in Sizing:Plant object = " +
                                           DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).PlantLoopName + ".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..The Design Range Temperature specified in tower is = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesRange, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..The Design Loop Delta Temperature specified in plant sizing data is = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("..The Design Range Temperature specified in tower is = {:.2T}", this->DesRange));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("..The Design Loop Delta Temperature specified in plant sizing data is = {:.2T}",
+                                                 DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT));
                     }
                     // check if the tower approach is different from plant sizing data
                     DesTowerApproachFromPlant = DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp - this->DesInletAirWBTemp;
@@ -2260,10 +2261,9 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "The Design Approach Temperature from inputs specified in Sizing:Plant object = " +
                                           DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).PlantLoopName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "is inconsistent with Design Approach Temperature specified in tower = " + this->Name + ".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..The Design Approach Temperature from inputs specified is = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(DesTowerApproachFromPlant, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..The Design Approach Temperature specified in tower is = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesApproach, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("..The Design Approach Temperature from inputs specified is = {:.2T}", DesTowerApproachFromPlant));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("..The Design Approach Temperature specified in tower is = {:.2T}", this->DesApproach));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -2461,17 +2461,22 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                     // This conditional statement is to trap when the user specified condenser/tower water design setpoint
                     //  temperature is less than design inlet air wet bulb temperature
                     if (DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp <= this->DesInletAirWBTemp) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "Error when autosizing the UA value for cooling tower = " + this->Name +
-                                        ". Design Loop Exit Temperature must be greater than " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesInletAirWBTemp, 2) +
-                                        " C when autosizing the tower UA.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The Design Loop Exit Temperature specified in Sizing:Plant object = " +
-                                          DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).PlantLoopName + " (" +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2) + " C)");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "is less than or equal to the design inlet air wet-bulb temperature of " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesInletAirWBTemp, 2) + " C.");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("Error when autosizing the UA value for cooling tower = {}. Design Loop Exit Temperature must be "
+                                               "greater than {:.2T} C when autosizing the tower UA.",
+                                               this->Name,
+                                               this->DesInletAirWBTemp));
                         ShowContinueError(state,
-                            "If using HVACTemplate:Plant:ChilledWaterLoop, then check that input field Condenser Water Design Setpoint must be > " +
-                            General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesInletAirWBTemp, 2) + " C if autosizing the cooling tower.");
+                                          format("The Design Loop Exit Temperature specified in Sizing:Plant object = {} ({:.2T} C)",
+                                                 DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).PlantLoopName,
+                                                 DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("is less than or equal to the design inlet air wet-bulb temperature of {:.2T} C.", this->DesInletAirWBTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("If using HVACTemplate:Plant:ChilledWaterLoop, then check that input field Condenser Water Design "
+                                                 "Setpoint must be > {:.2T} C if autosizing the cooling tower.",
+                                                 this->DesInletAirWBTemp));
                         ShowFatalError(state, "Autosizing of cooling tower fails for tower = " + this->Name + '.');
                     }
 
@@ -2549,28 +2554,33 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                     //  => This basically means that approach is negative, which is impossible (must be > 0 per IDD)
                     // * If not, hardcoded above to 21C
                     if (DesTowerExitWaterTemp <= this->DesInletAirWBTemp) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "Error when autosizing the UA value for cooling tower = " + this->Name +
-                                        ". Design Tower Exit Temperature must be greater than " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesInletAirWBTemp, 2) +
-                                        " C when autosizing the tower UA.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The User-specified Design Loop Exit Temperature=" + General::TrimSigDigits(DesTowerExitWaterTemp, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "is less than or equal to the design inlet air wet-bulb temperature of " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesInletAirWBTemp, 2) + " C.");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("Error when autosizing the UA value for cooling tower = {}. Design Tower Exit Temperature must be "
+                                               "greater than {:.2T} C when autosizing the tower UA.",
+                                               this->Name,
+                                               this->DesInletAirWBTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The User-specified Design Loop Exit Temperature={:.2T}", DesTowerExitWaterTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("is less than or equal to the design inlet air wet-bulb temperature of {:.2T} C.", this->DesInletAirWBTemp));
 
                         if (this->TowerInletCondsAutoSize) {
                             ShowContinueError(state,
-                                "Because you did not specify the Design Approach Temperature, and you do not have a Sizing:Plant object, "
-                                "it was defaulted to " +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(DesTowerExitWaterTemp, 2) + " C.");
+                                              format("Because you did not specify the Design Approach Temperature, and you do not have a "
+                                                     "Sizing:Plant object, it was defaulted to {:.2T} C.",
+                                                     DesTowerExitWaterTemp));
                         } else {
                             // Should never get there...
                             ShowContinueError(state,
-                                "The Design Loop Exit Temperature is the sum of the design air inlet wet-bulb temperature= " +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesInletAirWBTemp, 2) +
-                                " C plus the cooling tower design approach temperature = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesApproach, 2) + "C.");
+                                              format("The Design Loop Exit Temperature is the sum of the design air inlet wet-bulb temperature= "
+                                                     "{:.2T} C plus the cooling tower design approach temperature = {:.2T}C.",
+                                                     this->DesInletAirWBTemp,
+                                                     this->DesApproach));
                         }
                         ShowContinueError(state,
-                            "If using HVACTemplate:Plant:ChilledWaterLoop, then check that input field Condenser Water Design Setpoint must be > " +
-                            General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesInletAirWBTemp, 2) + " C if autosizing the cooling tower.");
+                                          format("If using HVACTemplate:Plant:ChilledWaterLoop, then check that input field Condenser Water Design "
+                                                 "Setpoint must be > {:.2T} C if autosizing the cooling tower.",
+                                                 this->DesInletAirWBTemp));
                         ShowFatalError(state, "Autosizing of cooling tower fails for tower = " + this->Name + '.');
                     }
 
@@ -2884,19 +2894,19 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Tower inlet design water temperature assumed to be 35.0 C.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Tower inlet design air dry-bulb temperature assumed to be 35.0 C.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Tower inlet design air wet-bulb temperature assumed to be 25.6 C.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Tower load assumed to be " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->HeatRejectCapNomCapSizingRatio, 3) +
-                                      " times free convection capacity of " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->TowerFreeConvNomCap, 0) + " W.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Tower load assumed to be {:.3T} times free convection capacity of {:.0T} W.",
+                                             this->HeatRejectCapNomCapSizingRatio,
+                                             this->TowerFreeConvNomCap));
 
                     Real64 OutWaterTemp; // outlet water temperature during sizing [C]
                     OutWaterTemp = this->calculateSimpleTowerOutletTemp(state, Par(3), Par(4), UA0);
                     Real64 CoolingOutput = Par(5) * Par(3) * (this->WaterTemp - OutWaterTemp); // tower capacity during sizing [W]
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Tower capacity at lower UA guess (" + General::TrimSigDigits(UA0, 4) +
-                                      ") = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoolingOutput, 0) + " W.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Tower capacity at lower UA guess ({:.4T}) = {:.0T} W.", UA0, CoolingOutput));
 
                     OutWaterTemp = this->calculateSimpleTowerOutletTemp(state, Par(3), Par(4), UA1);
                     CoolingOutput = Par(5) * Par(3) * (this->WaterTemp - OutWaterTemp);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Tower capacity at upper UA guess (" + General::TrimSigDigits(UA1, 4) +
-                                      ") = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CoolingOutput, 0) + " W.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Tower capacity at upper UA guess ({:.4T}) = {:.0T} W.", UA1, CoolingOutput));
 
                     if (CoolingOutput < DesTowerLoad) {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Free convection capacity should be less than tower capacity at upper UA guess.");
@@ -3149,9 +3159,10 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Tower Design Range Temperature specified in tower = " + this->Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "is inconsistent with Design Loop Delta Temperature specified in Sizing:Plant object = " +
                                       DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).PlantLoopName + ".");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..The Design Range Temperature specified in tower is = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesRange, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..The Design Loop Delta Temperature specified iin plant sizing data is = " +
-                                      General::TrimSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..The Design Range Temperature specified in tower is = {:.2T}", this->DesRange));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("..The Design Loop Delta Temperature specified iin plant sizing data is = {:.2T}",
+                                             DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT));
                 }
                 // check if the tower approach is different from plant sizing data
                 DesTowerApproachFromPlant = DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp - this->DesInletAirWBTemp;
@@ -3161,9 +3172,9 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "The Design Approach Temperature from inputs specified in Sizing:Plant object = " +
                                       DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).PlantLoopName);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "is inconsistent with Design Approach Temperature specified in tower = " + this->Name + ".");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..The Design Approach Temperature from inputs specified is = " +
-                                      General::TrimSigDigits(DesTowerApproachFromPlant, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..The Design Approach Temperature specified in tower is = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesApproach, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("..The Design Approach Temperature from inputs specified is = {:.2T}", DesTowerApproachFromPlant));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..The Design Approach Temperature specified in tower is = {:.2T}", this->DesApproach));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -3236,9 +3247,8 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomTowerCap - NomCapUser) / NomCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeVSMerkelTower: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomTowerCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NomCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomTowerCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -3275,10 +3285,10 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpTowerFreeConvNomCap - NomCapUser) / NomCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeVSMerkelTower: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Free Convection Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomCapUser, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Free Convection Nominal Capacity of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpTowerFreeConvNomCap, 2) + " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Free Convection Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NomCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Free Convection Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpTowerFreeConvNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -3319,10 +3329,8 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpDesignWaterFlowRate - NomDesWaterFlowUser) / NomDesWaterFlowUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeVSMerkelTower: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Water Flow Rate of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomDesWaterFlowUser, 2) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Water Flow Rate of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpDesignWaterFlowRate, 2) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Design Water Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", NomDesWaterFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Water Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", tmpDesignWaterFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -3365,10 +3373,8 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                             if ((std::abs(tmpDesignAirFlowRate - DesignAirFlowRateUser) / DesignAirFlowRateUser) >
                                 DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVSMerkelTower: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Air Flow Rate of " + General::RoundSigDigits(DesignAirFlowRateUser, 2) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Air Flow Rate of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpDesignAirFlowRate, 2) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Design Air Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", DesignAirFlowRateUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Air Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", tmpDesignAirFlowRate));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -3404,10 +3410,12 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                             if ((std::abs(tmpFreeConvAirFlowRate - FreeConvAirFlowUser) / FreeConvAirFlowUser) >
                                 DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVSMerkelTower: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Free Convection Regime Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(FreeConvAirFlowUser, 2) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Free Convection Regime Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(tmpFreeConvAirFlowRate, 2) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("User-Specified Design Free Convection Regime Air Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", FreeConvAirFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("differs from Design Free Convection Regime Air Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", tmpFreeConvAirFlowRate));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -3950,8 +3958,8 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                         if ((std::abs(tmpHighSpeedFanPower - HighSpeedFanPowerUser) / HighSpeedFanPowerUser) >
                             DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeVSMerkelTower: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Fan Power of " + General::RoundSigDigits(HighSpeedFanPowerUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Fan Power of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpHighSpeedFanPower, 2) + " [W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Design Fan Power of {:.2R} [W]", HighSpeedFanPowerUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Fan Power of {:.2R} [W]", tmpHighSpeedFanPower));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -5048,9 +5056,10 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                         ++this->VSMerkelAFRErrorIter;
                         ShowWarningError(state, cCoolingTower_VariableSpeedMerkel +
                                          " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating variable speed fan ratio for unit = " + this->Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated air flow ratio  = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits((std::abs(MyLoad) - MinSpeedFanQdot) / (FullSpeedFanQdot - MinSpeedFanQdot), 4));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated air flow ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->airFlowRateRatio, 4));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Estimated air flow ratio  = {:.4R}",
+                                                 (std::abs(MyLoad) - MinSpeedFanQdot) / (FullSpeedFanQdot - MinSpeedFanQdot)));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated air flow ratio = {:.4R}", this->airFlowRateRatio));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The calculated air flow ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -5067,7 +5076,7 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                         ++this->VSMerkelAFRErrorFail;
                         ShowWarningError(state, cCoolingTower_VariableSpeedMerkel +
                                          " - solver failed calculating variable speed fan ratio for unit = " + this->Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated air flow ratio  = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->airFlowRateRatio, 4));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated air flow ratio  = {:.4R}", this->airFlowRateRatio));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The estimated air flow ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -5527,9 +5536,9 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
 
         //   check boundaries of independent variables and post warnings to individual buffers to print at end of time step
         if (Twb < state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinInletAirWBTemp || Twb > state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MaxInletAirWBTemp) {
-            OutputChar = General::RoundSigDigits(Twb, 2);
-            OutputCharLo = General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinInletAirWBTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharHi = General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MaxInletAirWBTemp, 2);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.2R}", Twb);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.2R}", state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinInletAirWBTemp);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.2R}", state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MaxInletAirWBTemp);
             if (Twb < state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinInletAirWBTemp) {
                 TwbCapped = state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinInletAirWBTemp;
             }
@@ -5543,7 +5552,7 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                 state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).TwbBuffer2 = " ...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " + OutputCharHi +
                                                    ". Occurrence info = " + DataEnvironment::EnvironmentName + ", " + DataEnvironment::CurMnDy + ' ' +
                                                    General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                TrimValue = General::RoundSigDigits(TwbCapped, 6);
+                TrimValue = format("{:.6R}", TwbCapped);
                 state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).TwbBuffer3 = " ...Inlet air wet-bulb temperature passed to the model = " + TrimValue;
                 state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).TwbLast = Twb;
             } else {
@@ -5554,9 +5563,9 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
         }
 
         if (Tr < state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinRangeTemp || Tr > state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MaxRangeTemp) {
-            OutputChar = General::RoundSigDigits(Tr, 2);
-            OutputCharLo = General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinRangeTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharHi = General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MaxRangeTemp, 2);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.2R}", Tr);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.2R}", state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinRangeTemp);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.2R}", state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MaxRangeTemp);
             if (Tr < state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinRangeTemp) {
                 TrCapped = state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinRangeTemp;
             }
@@ -5570,7 +5579,7 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                 state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).TrBuffer2 = " ...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " + OutputCharHi +
                                                   ". Occurrence info = " + DataEnvironment::EnvironmentName + ", " + DataEnvironment::CurMnDy + ' ' +
                                                   General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                TrimValue = General::RoundSigDigits(Tr, 5);
+                TrimValue = format("{:.5R}", Tr);
                 state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).TrBuffer3 = " ...Tower range temperature passed to the model = " + TrimValue;
                 state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).TrLast = Tr;
             } else {
@@ -5581,9 +5590,9 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
         }
 
         if (Ta < state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinApproachTemp || Ta > state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MaxApproachTemp) {
-            OutputChar = General::RoundSigDigits(Ta, 2);
-            OutputCharLo = General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinApproachTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharHi = General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MaxApproachTemp, 2);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.2R}", Ta);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.2R}", state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinApproachTemp);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.2R}", state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MaxApproachTemp);
             if (Ta < state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinApproachTemp) {
                 TaCapped = state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinApproachTemp;
             }
@@ -5597,7 +5606,7 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                 state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).TaBuffer2 = " ...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " + OutputCharHi +
                                                   ". Occurrence info = " + DataEnvironment::EnvironmentName + ", " + DataEnvironment::CurMnDy + ' ' +
                                                   General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                TrimValue = General::RoundSigDigits(Ta, 5);
+                TrimValue = format("{:.5R}", Ta);
                 state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).TaBuffer3 = " ...Tower approach temperature passed to the model = " + TrimValue;
                 state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).TaLast = Ta;
             } else {
@@ -5613,9 +5622,9 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
             state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).PrintWFRRMessage = false;
         } else {
             if (WaterFlowRateRatio < state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinWaterFlowRatio || WaterFlowRateRatio > state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MaxWaterFlowRatio) {
-                OutputChar = General::RoundSigDigits(WaterFlowRateRatio, 2);
-                OutputCharLo = General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinWaterFlowRatio, 2);
-                OutputCharHi = General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MaxWaterFlowRatio, 2);
+                OutputChar = format("{:.2R}", WaterFlowRateRatio);
+                OutputCharLo = format("{:.2R}", state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinWaterFlowRatio);
+                OutputCharHi = format("{:.2R}", state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MaxWaterFlowRatio);
                 if (WaterFlowRateRatio < state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinWaterFlowRatio) {
                     WaterFlowRateRatioCapped = state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).MinWaterFlowRatio;
                 }
@@ -5629,7 +5638,7 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
                     state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).WFRRBuffer2 = " ...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " + OutputCharHi +
                                                         ". Occurrence info = " + DataEnvironment::EnvironmentName + ", " + DataEnvironment::CurMnDy +
                                                         ' ' + General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                    TrimValue = General::RoundSigDigits(WaterFlowRateRatioCapped, 5);
+                    TrimValue = format("{:.5R}", WaterFlowRateRatioCapped);
                     state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).WFRRBuffer3 = " ...Water flow rate ratio passed to the model = " + TrimValue;
                     state.dataCondenserLoopTowers->towers(this->VSTower).WaterFlowRateRatioLast = WaterFlowRateRatio;
                 } else {
@@ -5908,9 +5917,9 @@ namespace CondenserLoopTowers {
             if (this->HighMassFlowErrorCount < 2) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, this->TowerType + " \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Condenser Loop Mass Flow Rate is much greater than the towers design mass flow rate.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Condenser Loop Mass Flow Rate = " +
-                                  General::TrimSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(this->WaterOutletNodeNum).MassFlowRate, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Tower Design Mass Flow Rate   = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesWaterMassFlowRate, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" Condenser Loop Mass Flow Rate = {:.6T}", DataLoopNode::Node(this->WaterOutletNodeNum).MassFlowRate));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Tower Design Mass Flow Rate   = {:.6T}", this->DesWaterMassFlowRate));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             } else {
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Construction.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Construction.cc
index b13d3663212..2d7d52716ee 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Construction.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Construction.cc
@@ -232,17 +232,20 @@ namespace Construction {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "InitConductionTransferFunctions: Found Material that is too thin and/or too highly conductive, "
                                             "material name = " +
                                             dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "High conductivity Material layers are not well supported for internal source constructions, "
-                                              "material conductivity = " +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Conductivity, 3) + " [W/m-K]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Material thermal diffusivity = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Alpha, 3) + " [m2/s]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Material with this thermal diffusivity should have thickness > " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(ThicknessThreshold, 5) + " [m]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("High conductivity Material layers are not well supported for internal source constructions, "
+                                                     "material conductivity = {:.3R} [W/m-K]",
+                                                     dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Conductivity));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Material thermal diffusivity = {:.3R} [m2/s]", Alpha));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("Material with this thermal diffusivity should have thickness > {:.5R} [m]", ThicknessThreshold));
                             if (dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Thickness < DataHeatBalance::ThinMaterialLayerThreshold) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Material may be too thin to be modeled well, thickness = " +
-                                                          General::RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Thickness, 5) + " [m]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Material with this thermal diffusivity should have thickness > " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataHeatBalance::ThinMaterialLayerThreshold, 5) + " [m]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Material may be too thin to be modeled well, thickness = {:.5R} [m]",
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Thickness));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Material with this thermal diffusivity should have thickness > {:.5R} [m]",
+                                                         DataHeatBalance::ThinMaterialLayerThreshold));
                             }
                             dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).WarnedForHighDiffusivity = true;
                         }
@@ -275,8 +278,7 @@ namespace Construction {
 
                     ShowSevereError(state, "InitConductionTransferFunctions: Material=" + dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Name +
                                     "R Value below lowest allowed value");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Lowest allowed value=[" + General::RoundSigDigits(RValueLowLimit, 3) + "], Material R Value=[" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(lr(Layer), 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Lowest allowed value=[{:.3R}], Material R Value=[{:.3R}].", RValueLowLimit, lr(Layer)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
 
                 } else { // A valid user defined R-value is available.
@@ -956,7 +958,7 @@ namespace Construction {
                         DoCTFErrorReport = true;
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                         break;
-                        //            CALL ShowFatalError('Program terminated for reasons listed (InitConductionTransferFunctions) ')
+                        //            CALL ShowFatalError(state, 'Program terminated for reasons listed (InitConductionTransferFunctions) ')
                     }
 
                 } // ... end of CTF calculation loop.
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ConvectionCoefficients.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ConvectionCoefficients.cc
index ba9bd349aa3..4f50f80b355 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ConvectionCoefficients.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ConvectionCoefficients.cc
@@ -111,7 +111,6 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
     using namespace DataHeatBalance;
     using namespace DataSurfaces;
     using namespace DataVectorTypes;
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
     // Coefficients that modify the convection coeff based on surface roughness
     Array1D<Real64> const RoughnessMultiplier(6, {2.17, 1.67, 1.52, 1.13, 1.11, 1.0});
@@ -1273,10 +1272,14 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                                 UserExtConvectionCoeffs(TotExtConvCoeff).WhichSurface = Found;
                                 if (Numbers(NumField) < LowHConvLimit || Numbers(NumField) > HighHConvLimit) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + ", out of range value");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(Ptr) + '=' + Alphas(Ptr) + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(NumField) + "=[" +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(Numbers(NumField), 5) + "].");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Out-of-range from low/high limits=[>=" + RoundSigDigits(LowHConvLimit, 9) +
-                                                      ", <=" + RoundSigDigits(HighHConvLimit, 1) + "].");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("{}={}, {}=[{:.5R}].",
+                                                             cAlphaFieldNames(Ptr),
+                                                             Alphas(Ptr),
+                                                             cNumericFieldNames(NumField),
+                                                             Numbers(NumField)));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("Out-of-range from low/high limits=[>={:.9R}, <={:.1R}].", LowHConvLimit, HighHConvLimit));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Limits are set (or default) in HeatBalanceAlgorithm object.");
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
@@ -1352,10 +1355,14 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                                 UserIntConvectionCoeffs(TotIntConvCoeff).WhichSurface = Found;
                                 if (Numbers(NumField) < LowHConvLimit || Numbers(NumField) > HighHConvLimit) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + ", out of range value");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(Ptr) + '=' + Alphas(Ptr) + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(NumField) + "=[" +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(Numbers(NumField), 5) + "].");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Out-of-range from low/high limits=[>=" + RoundSigDigits(LowHConvLimit, 9) +
-                                                      ", <=" + RoundSigDigits(HighHConvLimit, 1) + "].");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("{}={}, {}=[{:.5R}].",
+                                                             cAlphaFieldNames(Ptr),
+                                                             Alphas(Ptr),
+                                                             cNumericFieldNames(NumField),
+                                                             Numbers(NumField)));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("Out-of-range from low/high limits=[>={:.9R}, <={:.1R}].", LowHConvLimit, HighHConvLimit));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Limits are set (or default) in HeatBalanceAlgorithm object.");
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
@@ -1484,10 +1491,14 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                                 UserExtConvectionCoeffs(TotExtConvCoeff).WhichSurface = -999;
                                 if (Numbers(NumField) < LowHConvLimit || Numbers(NumField) > HighHConvLimit) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + ", out of range value");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(Ptr) + '=' + Alphas(Ptr) + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(NumField) + "=[" +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(Numbers(NumField), 5) + "].");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Out-of-range from low/high limits=[>=" + RoundSigDigits(LowHConvLimit, 9) +
-                                                      ", <=" + RoundSigDigits(HighHConvLimit, 1) + "].");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("{}={}, {}=[{:.5R}].",
+                                                             cAlphaFieldNames(Ptr),
+                                                             Alphas(Ptr),
+                                                             cNumericFieldNames(NumField),
+                                                             Numbers(NumField)));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("Out-of-range from low/high limits=[>={:.9R}, <={:.1R}].", LowHConvLimit, HighHConvLimit));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Limits are set (or default) in HeatBalanceAlgorithm object.");
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
@@ -1565,10 +1576,14 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                                 UserIntConvectionCoeffs(TotIntConvCoeff).WhichSurface = -999;
                                 if (Numbers(NumField) < LowHConvLimit || Numbers(NumField) > HighHConvLimit) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + ", out of range value");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(Ptr) + '=' + Alphas(Ptr) + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(NumField) + "=[" +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(Numbers(NumField), 5) + "].");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Out-of-range from low/high limits=[>=" + RoundSigDigits(LowHConvLimit, 9) +
-                                                      ", <=" + RoundSigDigits(HighHConvLimit, 1) + "].");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("{}={}, {}=[{:.5R}].",
+                                                             cAlphaFieldNames(Ptr),
+                                                             Alphas(Ptr),
+                                                             cNumericFieldNames(NumField),
+                                                             Numbers(NumField)));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("Out-of-range from low/high limits=[>={:.9R}, <={:.1R}].", LowHConvLimit, HighHConvLimit));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Limits are set (or default) in HeatBalanceAlgorithm object.");
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
@@ -1656,8 +1671,8 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
             if (CheckScheduleValueMinMax(state, UserIntConvectionCoeffs(Loop).ScheduleIndex, ">=", LowHConvLimit, "<=", HighHConvLimit)) continue;
             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Surface=\"" + UserIntConvectionCoeffs(Loop).SurfaceName + "\", out-of-range convection coefficient:");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Out-of-range value found in schedule=" + UserIntConvectionCoeffs(Loop).ScheduleName);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "User supplied convection coefficients must be in range [>=" + RoundSigDigits(LowHConvLimit, 9) +
-                              ", <=" + RoundSigDigits(HighHConvLimit, 1) + ']');
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("User supplied convection coefficients must be in range [>={:.9R}, <={:.1R}]", LowHConvLimit, HighHConvLimit));
             ShowContinueError(state, "Limits are set (or default) in HeatBalanceAlgorithm object.");
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
@@ -1668,8 +1683,8 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
             if (CheckScheduleValueMinMax(state, UserExtConvectionCoeffs(Loop).ScheduleIndex, ">=", LowHConvLimit, "<=", HighHConvLimit)) continue;
             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Surface=\"" + UserExtConvectionCoeffs(Loop).SurfaceName + "\", out-of-range convection coefficient:");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Out-of-range value found in schedule=" + UserExtConvectionCoeffs(Loop).ScheduleName);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "User supplied convection coefficients must be in range [>=" + RoundSigDigits(LowHConvLimit, 9) +
-                              ", <=" + RoundSigDigits(HighHConvLimit, 1) + ']');
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("User supplied convection coefficients must be in range [>={:.9R}, <={:.1R}]", LowHConvLimit, HighHConvLimit));
             ShowContinueError(state, "Limits are set (or default) in HeatBalanceAlgorithm object.");
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
@@ -1696,7 +1711,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                 }
             }
             if (Count > 0) {
-                ShowSevereMessage(state, RoutineName + RoundSigDigits(Count) + " surfaces had different outside convection algorithms specified when");
+                ShowSevereMessage(state, RoutineName + format("{} surfaces had different outside convection algorithms specified when", Count));
                 ShowContinueError(state,
                     "the Zone Outside Convection Algorithm specifies \"SimpleCombined\". SimpleCombined will be used for these surfaces.");
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
@@ -1858,7 +1873,6 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         // type to that surface.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int SurfNum;
@@ -1905,10 +1919,10 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                 }
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && (SurfaceCountOutside > 0 || SurfaceCountInside > 0)) {
                     if (SurfaceCountOutside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountOutside) + " Outside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Outside", SurfaceCountOutside);
                     }
                     if (SurfaceCountInside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountInside) + " Inside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Inside", SurfaceCountInside);
                     }
                     ShowWarningError(state, "User Supplied Convection Coefficients, Multiple Surface Assignments=\"" + SurfaceTypes +
                                      "\", not overwriting already assigned values for " + OverwriteMessage + " assignments.");
@@ -1950,10 +1964,10 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                 }
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && (SurfaceCountOutside > 0 || SurfaceCountInside > 0)) {
                     if (SurfaceCountOutside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountOutside) + " Outside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Outside", SurfaceCountOutside);
                     }
                     if (SurfaceCountInside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountInside) + " Inside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Inside", SurfaceCountInside);
                     }
                     ShowWarningError(state, "User Supplied Convection Coefficients, Multiple Surface Assignments=\"" + SurfaceTypes +
                                      "\", not overwriting already assigned values for " + OverwriteMessage + " assignments.");
@@ -1995,10 +2009,10 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                 }
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && (SurfaceCountOutside > 0 || SurfaceCountInside > 0)) {
                     if (SurfaceCountOutside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountOutside) + " Outside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Outside", SurfaceCountOutside);
                     }
                     if (SurfaceCountInside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountInside) + " Inside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Inside", SurfaceCountInside);
                     }
                     ShowWarningError(state, "User Supplied Convection Coefficients, Multiple Surface Assignments=\"" + SurfaceTypes +
                                      "\", not overwriting already assigned values for " + OverwriteMessage + " assignments.");
@@ -2040,10 +2054,10 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                 }
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && (SurfaceCountOutside > 0 || SurfaceCountInside > 0)) {
                     if (SurfaceCountOutside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountOutside) + " Outside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Outside", SurfaceCountOutside);
                     }
                     if (SurfaceCountInside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountInside) + " Inside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Inside", SurfaceCountInside);
                     }
                     ShowWarningError(state, "User Supplied Convection Coefficients, Multiple Surface Assignments=\"" + SurfaceTypes +
                                      "\", not overwriting already assigned values for " + OverwriteMessage + " assignments.");
@@ -2085,10 +2099,10 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                 }
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && (SurfaceCountOutside > 0 || SurfaceCountInside > 0)) {
                     if (SurfaceCountOutside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountOutside) + " Outside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Outside", SurfaceCountOutside);
                     }
                     if (SurfaceCountInside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountInside) + " Inside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Inside", SurfaceCountInside);
                     }
                     ShowWarningError(state, "User Supplied Convection Coefficients, Multiple Surface Assignments=\"" + SurfaceTypes +
                                      "\", not overwriting already assigned values for " + OverwriteMessage + " assignments.");
@@ -2129,10 +2143,10 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                 }
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && (SurfaceCountOutside > 0 || SurfaceCountInside > 0)) {
                     if (SurfaceCountOutside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountOutside) + " Outside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Outside", SurfaceCountOutside);
                     }
                     if (SurfaceCountInside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountInside) + " Inside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Inside", SurfaceCountInside);
                     }
                     ShowWarningError(state, "User Supplied Convection Coefficients, Multiple Surface Assignments=\"" + SurfaceTypes +
                                      "\", not overwriting already assigned values for " + OverwriteMessage + " assignments.");
@@ -2174,10 +2188,10 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                 }
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && (SurfaceCountOutside > 0 || SurfaceCountInside > 0)) {
                     if (SurfaceCountOutside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountOutside) + " Outside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Outside", SurfaceCountOutside);
                     }
                     if (SurfaceCountInside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountInside) + " Inside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Inside", SurfaceCountInside);
                     }
                     ShowWarningError(state, "User Supplied Convection Coefficients, Multiple Surface Assignments=\"" + SurfaceTypes +
                                      "\", not overwriting already assigned values for " + OverwriteMessage + " assignments.");
@@ -2219,10 +2233,10 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                 }
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && (SurfaceCountOutside > 0 || SurfaceCountInside > 0)) {
                     if (SurfaceCountOutside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountOutside) + " Outside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Outside", SurfaceCountOutside);
                     }
                     if (SurfaceCountInside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountInside) + " Inside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Inside", SurfaceCountInside);
                     }
                     ShowWarningError(state, "User Supplied Convection Coefficients, Multiple Surface Assignments=\"" + SurfaceTypes +
                                      "\", not overwriting already assigned values for " + OverwriteMessage + " assignments.");
@@ -2264,10 +2278,10 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                 }
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && (SurfaceCountOutside > 0 || SurfaceCountInside > 0)) {
                     if (SurfaceCountOutside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountOutside) + " Outside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Outside", SurfaceCountOutside);
                     }
                     if (SurfaceCountInside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountInside) + " Inside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Inside", SurfaceCountInside);
                     }
                     ShowWarningError(state, "User Supplied Convection Coefficients, Multiple Surface Assignments=\"" + SurfaceTypes +
                                      "\", not overwriting already assigned values for " + OverwriteMessage + " assignments.");
@@ -2309,10 +2323,10 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                 }
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings && (SurfaceCountOutside > 0 || SurfaceCountInside > 0)) {
                     if (SurfaceCountOutside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountOutside) + " Outside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Outside", SurfaceCountOutside);
                     }
                     if (SurfaceCountInside > 0) {
-                        OverwriteMessage = TrimSigDigits(SurfaceCountInside) + " Inside";
+                        OverwriteMessage = format("{} Inside", SurfaceCountInside);
                     }
                     ShowWarningError(state, "User Supplied Convection Coefficients, Multiple Surface Assignments=\"" + SurfaceTypes +
                                      "\", not overwriting already assigned values for " + OverwriteMessage + " assignments.");
@@ -3256,7 +3270,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         using Psychrometrics::PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW;
 
         // Locals
-        Real64 const OneThird((1.0 / 3.0)); // 1/3 in highest precision
+        static constexpr Real64 OneThird((1.0 / 3.0)); // 1/3 in highest precision
         static Real64 const pow_5_25(0.56 * root_4(1.0E+5));
         static Real64 const pow_11_25(0.56 * root_4(1.0E+11));
         static Real64 const pow_11_2(0.58 * std::pow(1.0E+11, 0.2));
@@ -3397,7 +3411,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         // for adaptive convection algorithm
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::ScanForReports;
         using Vectors::CreateNewellAreaVector;
         using Vectors::CreateNewellSurfaceNormalVector;
@@ -4238,7 +4252,6 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         //  - then calls a routine with a large case statement that calls model equations.
 
         // USE STATEMENTS:
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // this next call sets up the flow regime and assigns a classification to surface
         //  TODO: candidate for rework to do zone level calcs once rather than for each surface
@@ -4251,7 +4264,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         // if ( std::isnan( HConvIn( SurfNum ) ) ) { // Use IEEE_IS_NAN when GFortran supports it
         //// throw Error
         // ShowSevereError(state,  "Inside convection coefficient is out of bound = " + Surface( SurfNum ).Name );
-        // ShowFatalError( "Inside convection coefficient model number = " + TrimSigDigits( Surface( SurfNum ).IntConvHcModelEq ) );
+        // ShowFatalError(state,  "Inside convection coefficient model number = " + TrimSigDigits( Surface( SurfNum ).IntConvHcModelEq ) );
         //}
     }
 
@@ -4992,7 +5005,6 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         //       RE-ENGINEERED  na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         {
             auto const SELECT_CASE_var(Surface(SurfNum).OutConvClassification);
@@ -5035,8 +5047,9 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                     Surface(SurfNum).OutConvHfUserCurveIndex = state.dataConvectionCoefficient->OutsideFaceAdaptiveConvectionAlgo.HNatUstableHorizUserCurveNum;
                 }
             } else {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "MapExtConvClassificationToHcModels: caught unknown outdoor surfce classification:" +
-                                RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).OutConvClassification));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("MapExtConvClassificationToHcModels: caught unknown outdoor surfce classification:{}",
+                                       Surface(SurfNum).OutConvClassification));
             }
         }
     }
@@ -7439,7 +7452,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                     if (state.dataConvectionCoefficient->CalcGoldsteinNovoselacCeilingDiffuserWindowErrorIDX1 == 0) {
                         ShowSevereMessage(state,
                             "CalcGoldsteinNovoselacCeilingDiffuserWindow: Convection model not evaluated (bad relative window location)");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Value for window location = " + RoundSigDigits(WindowLocationType));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Value for window location = {}", WindowLocationType));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for zone named = " + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Convection surface heat transfer coefficient set to 9.999 [W/m2-K] and the simulation continues");
                     }
@@ -7452,7 +7465,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
             if (state.dataConvectionCoefficient->CalcGoldsteinNovoselacCeilingDiffuserWindowErrorIDX2 == 0) {
                 ShowSevereMessage(state,
                     "CalcGoldsteinNovoselacCeilingDiffuserWindow: Convection model not evaluated (zero zone exterior perimeter length)");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value for zone exterior perimeter length = " + RoundSigDigits(ZoneExtPerimLength, 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value for zone exterior perimeter length = {:.5R}", ZoneExtPerimLength));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for zone named = " + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Convection surface heat transfer coefficient set to 9.999 [W/m2-K] and the simulation continues");
             }
@@ -7514,7 +7527,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
                 WindowLocationType != InConvWinLoc_NotSet) {
                 if (state.dataConvectionCoefficient->CalcGoldsteinNovoselacCeilingDiffuserWallErrorIDX1 == 0) {
                     ShowSevereMessage(state, "CalcGoldsteinNovoselacCeilingDiffuserWall: Convection model not evaluated (bad relative window location)");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Value for window location = " + RoundSigDigits(WindowLocationType));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Value for window location = {}", WindowLocationType));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for zone named = " + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Convection surface heat transfer coefficient set to 9.999 [W/m2-K] and the simulation continues");
                 }
@@ -7525,7 +7538,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         } else {
             if (state.dataConvectionCoefficient->CalcGoldsteinNovoselacCeilingDiffuserWallErrorIDX2 == 0) {
                 ShowSevereMessage(state, "CalcGoldsteinNovoselacCeilingDiffuserWall: Convection model not evaluated (zero zone exterior perimeter length)");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value for zone exterior perimeter length = " + RoundSigDigits(ZoneExtPerimLength, 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value for zone exterior perimeter length = {:.5R}", ZoneExtPerimLength));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for zone named = " + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Convection surface heat transfer coefficient set to 9.999 [W/m2-K] and the simulation continues");
             }
@@ -7576,7 +7589,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         if (ZoneExtPerimLength <= 0.0) {
             if (state.dataConvectionCoefficient->CalcGoldsteinNovoselacCeilingDiffuserFloorErrorIDX == 0) {
                 ShowSevereMessage(state, "CalcGoldsteinNovoselacCeilingDiffuserFloor: Convection model not evaluated (zero zone exterior perimeter length)");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value for zone exterior perimeter length = " + RoundSigDigits(ZoneExtPerimLength, 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value for zone exterior perimeter length = {:.5R}", ZoneExtPerimLength));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for zone named = " + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Convection surface heat transfer coefficient set to 9.999 [W/m2-K] and the simulation continues");
             }
@@ -7654,7 +7667,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         } else {
             if (state.dataConvectionCoefficient->CalcSparrowWindwardErrorIDX == 0) {
                 ShowSevereMessage(state, "CalcSparrowWindward: Convection model not evaluated (bad face area)");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value for effective face area = " + RoundSigDigits(FaceArea, 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value for effective face area = {:.5R}", FaceArea));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for surface named = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Convection surface heat transfer coefficient set to 9.999 [W/m2-K] and the simulation continues");
             }
@@ -7671,7 +7684,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         } else {
             if (state.dataConvectionCoefficient->CalcSparrowLeewardErrorIDX == 0) {
                 ShowSevereMessage(state, "CalcSparrowLeeward: Convection model not evaluated (bad face area)");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value for effective face area = " + RoundSigDigits(FaceArea, 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value for effective face area = {:.5R}", FaceArea));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for surface named = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Convection surface heat transfer coefficient set to 9.999 [W/m2-K] and the simulation continues");
             }
@@ -7902,7 +7915,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         } else {
             if (state.dataConvectionCoefficient->CalcMitchellErrorIDX == 0) {
                 ShowSevereMessage(state, "CalcMitchell: Convection model not evaluated (bad length scale)");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value for effective length scale = " + RoundSigDigits(LengthScale, 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value for effective length scale = {:.5R}", LengthScale));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for surface named = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Convection surface heat transfer coefficient set to 9.999 [W/m2-K] and the simulation continues");
             }
@@ -8006,7 +8019,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         } else {
             if (state.dataConvectionCoefficient->CalcEmmelVerticalErrorIDX == 0) {
                 ShowSevereMessage(state, "CalcEmmelVertical: Convection model wind angle calculation suspect (developer issue)");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value for theta angle = " + RoundSigDigits(Theta, 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value for theta angle = {:.5R}", Theta));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for surface named = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Convection model uses high theta correlation and the simulation continues");
             }
@@ -8064,7 +8077,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         } else {
             if (state.dataConvectionCoefficient->CalcEmmelRoofErrorIDX == 0) {
                 ShowSevereMessage(state, "CalcEmmelRoof: Convection model wind angle calculation suspect (developer issue)");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value for theta angle = " + RoundSigDigits(Theta, 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value for theta angle = {:.5R}", Theta));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for surface named = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Convection model uses high theta correlation and the simulation continues");
             }
@@ -8156,7 +8169,7 @@ namespace ConvectionCoefficients {
         } else {
             if (state.dataConvectionCoefficient->CalcClearRoofErrorIDX == 0) {
                 ShowSevereMessage(state, "CalcClearRoof: Convection model not evaluated (bad value for distance to roof edge)");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value for distance to roof edge =" + RoundSigDigits(x, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value for distance to roof edge ={:.3R}", x));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for surface named = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Convection surface heat transfer coefficient set to 9.999 [W/m2-K] and the simulation continues");
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/CoolTower.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/CoolTower.cc
index eb62f1d49ef..759f50b8625 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/CoolTower.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/CoolTower.cc
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ namespace CoolTower {
         // and stores it in the Cooltower data structure.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using WaterManager::SetupTankDemandComponent;
 
@@ -256,99 +256,99 @@ namespace CoolTower {
             state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MaxWaterFlowRate = rNumericArgs(1); // Maximum limit of water supply
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MaxWaterFlowRate > MaximumWaterFlowRate) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MaxWaterFlowRate = MaximumWaterFlowRate;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(1) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaximumWaterFlowRate, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MaximumWaterFlowRate));
             }
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MaxWaterFlowRate < MinimumWaterFlowRate) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MaxWaterFlowRate = MinimumWaterFlowRate;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(1) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinimumWaterFlowRate, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MinimumWaterFlowRate));
             }
 
             state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).TowerHeight = rNumericArgs(2); // Get effctive tower height
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).TowerHeight > MaxHeight) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).TowerHeight = MaxHeight;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(2) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxHeight, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(2), rNumericArgs(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MaxHeight));
             }
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).TowerHeight < MinHeight) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).TowerHeight = MinHeight;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(2) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinHeight, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(2), rNumericArgs(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MinHeight));
             }
 
             state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).OutletArea = rNumericArgs(3); // Get outlet area
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).OutletArea > MaxValue) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).OutletArea = MaxValue;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(3) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxValue, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(3), rNumericArgs(3)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MaxValue));
             }
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).OutletArea < MinValue) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).OutletArea = MinValue;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(3) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinValue, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(3), rNumericArgs(3)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MinValue));
             }
 
             state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MaxAirVolFlowRate = rNumericArgs(4); // Maximum limit of air flow to the space
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MaxAirVolFlowRate > MaxValue) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MaxAirVolFlowRate = MaxValue;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(4) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(4), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxValue, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(4), rNumericArgs(4)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MaxValue));
             }
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MaxAirVolFlowRate < MinValue) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MaxAirVolFlowRate = MinValue;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(4) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(4), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinValue, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(4), rNumericArgs(4)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MinValue));
             }
 
             state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MinZoneTemp = rNumericArgs(5); // Get minimum temp limit which gets this cooltower off
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MinZoneTemp > MaxValue) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MinZoneTemp = MaxValue;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(5) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxValue, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(5), rNumericArgs(5)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MaxValue));
             }
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MinZoneTemp < MinValue) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).MinZoneTemp = MinValue;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(5) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinValue, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(5), rNumericArgs(5)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MinValue));
             }
 
             state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).FracWaterLoss = rNumericArgs(6); // Fraction of water loss
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).FracWaterLoss > MaxFrac) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).FracWaterLoss = MaxFrac;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(6) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(6), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFrac, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(6), rNumericArgs(6)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MaxFrac));
             }
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).FracWaterLoss < MinFrac) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).FracWaterLoss = MinFrac;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(6) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(6), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFrac, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(6), rNumericArgs(6)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MinFrac));
             }
 
             state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).FracFlowSched = rNumericArgs(7); // Fraction of loss of air flow
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).FracFlowSched > MaxFrac) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).FracFlowSched = MaxFrac;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(7) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(7), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFrac, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(7), rNumericArgs(7)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MaxFrac));
             }
             if (state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).FracFlowSched < MinFrac) {
                 state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).FracFlowSched = MinFrac;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(7) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(7), 5) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Allowable=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFrac, 2) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.5R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(7), rNumericArgs(7)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum Allowable=[{:.2R}].", MinFrac));
             }
 
             state.dataCoolTower->CoolTowerSys(CoolTowerNum).RatedPumpPower = rNumericArgs(8); // Get rated pump power
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/CurveManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/CurveManager.cc
index ef721cc7fe7..2d95d75f13f 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/CurveManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/CurveManager.cc
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@
 #include <cmath>
 #include <string>
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <fstream>
 #include <limits>
 
 // ObjexxFCL Headers
@@ -66,7 +65,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSystemVariables.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/EMSManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GlobalNames.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.hh>
@@ -262,7 +260,6 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts; // Data for field names, blank numerics
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int NumBiQuad;                   // Number of biquadratic curve objects in the input data file
@@ -379,14 +376,12 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(7) > Numbers(8)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(7) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(7), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(8) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(8), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(7), Numbers(7), cNumericFieldNames(8), Numbers(8)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (Numbers(9) > Numbers(10)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(9) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(9), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(10) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(10), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(9), Numbers(9), cNumericFieldNames(10), Numbers(10)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (NumAlphas >= 2) {
@@ -520,8 +515,7 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(5) > Numbers(6)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(5) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(5), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(6) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(6), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{}[{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(5), Numbers(5), cNumericFieldNames(6), Numbers(6)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (NumAlphas >= 2) {
@@ -576,8 +570,7 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(6) > Numbers(7)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(6) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(6), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(7) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(7), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{}[{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(6), Numbers(6), cNumericFieldNames(7), Numbers(7)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (NumAlphas >= 2) {
@@ -630,8 +623,7 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(4) > Numbers(5)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(4) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(4), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(5), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(4), Numbers(4), cNumericFieldNames(5), Numbers(5)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (NumAlphas >= 2) {
@@ -689,14 +681,12 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(7) > Numbers(8)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(7) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(7), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(8) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(8), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(7), Numbers(7), cNumericFieldNames(8), Numbers(8)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (Numbers(9) > Numbers(10)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(9) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(9), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(10) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(10), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(9), Numbers(9), cNumericFieldNames(10), Numbers(10)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (NumAlphas >= 2) {
@@ -759,14 +749,12 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(7) > Numbers(8)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(7) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(7), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(8) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(8), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(7), Numbers(7), cNumericFieldNames(8), Numbers(8)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (Numbers(9) > Numbers(10)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(9) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(9), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(10) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(10), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(9), Numbers(9), cNumericFieldNames(10), Numbers(10)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (NumAlphas >= 2) {
@@ -823,8 +811,7 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(3) > Numbers(4)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(3) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(3), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(4) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(4), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(3), Numbers(3), cNumericFieldNames(4), Numbers(4)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (NumAlphas >= 2) {
@@ -886,14 +873,14 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(11) > Numbers(12)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(11) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(11), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(12) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(12), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(11), Numbers(11), cNumericFieldNames(12), Numbers(12)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (Numbers(13) > Numbers(14)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(13) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(13), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(14) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(14), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(13), Numbers(13), cNumericFieldNames(14), Numbers(14)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (NumAlphas >= 2) {
@@ -982,20 +969,20 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(28) > Numbers(29)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(28) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(28), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(29) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(29), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(28), Numbers(28), cNumericFieldNames(29), Numbers(29)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (Numbers(30) > Numbers(31)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(30) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(30), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(31) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(31), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(30), Numbers(30), cNumericFieldNames(31), Numbers(31)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (Numbers(32) > Numbers(33)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(32) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(32), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(33) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(33), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(32), Numbers(32), cNumericFieldNames(33), Numbers(33)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (NumAlphas >= 2) {
@@ -1067,26 +1054,24 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(6) > Numbers(7)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(6) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(6), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(7) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(7), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(6), Numbers(6), cNumericFieldNames(7), Numbers(7)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (Numbers(8) > Numbers(9)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(8) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(8), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(9) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(9), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(8), Numbers(8), cNumericFieldNames(9), Numbers(9)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (Numbers(10) > Numbers(11)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(10) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(10), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(11) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(11), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(10), Numbers(10), cNumericFieldNames(11), Numbers(11)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (Numbers(12) > Numbers(13)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(12) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(12), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(13) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(13), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(12), Numbers(12), cNumericFieldNames(13), Numbers(13)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1205,14 +1190,12 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(5) > Numbers(6)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(5) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(5), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(6) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(6), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{}[{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(5), Numbers(5), cNumericFieldNames(6), Numbers(6)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (Numbers(7) > Numbers(8)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(7) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(7), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(8) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(8), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{}[{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(7), Numbers(7), cNumericFieldNames(8), Numbers(8)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1258,8 +1241,7 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(5) > Numbers(6)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(5) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(5), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(6) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(6), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{}[{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(5), Numbers(5), cNumericFieldNames(6), Numbers(6)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1316,8 +1298,7 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(6) > Numbers(7)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(6) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(6), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(7) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(7), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{}[{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(6), Numbers(6), cNumericFieldNames(7), Numbers(7)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1372,8 +1353,7 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(4) > Numbers(5)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(4) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(4), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(5), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{}[{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(4), Numbers(4), cNumericFieldNames(5), Numbers(5)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1428,8 +1408,7 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(4) > Numbers(5)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(4) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(4), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(5), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{}[{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(4), Numbers(4), cNumericFieldNames(5), Numbers(5)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1484,8 +1463,7 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
             if (Numbers(4) > Numbers(5)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(4) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(4), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + " [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Numbers(5), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{}[{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(4), Numbers(4), cNumericFieldNames(5), Numbers(5)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1592,8 +1570,10 @@ namespace CurveManager {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "has either the same values for two consecutive wind directions, or a lower wind direction value after "
                                               "a higher wind direction value.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Wind direction values must be entered in ascending order.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(j) + " = " + RoundSigDigits(windDirs[j - 2], 2) + ' ' + cNumericFieldNames[j + 1] +
-                                              " = " + RoundSigDigits(windDirs[j - 1], 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format(
+                                    "{} = {:.2R} {} = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(j), windDirs[j - 2], cNumericFieldNames[j + 1], windDirs[j - 1]));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -1601,7 +1581,7 @@ namespace CurveManager {
                 // Check that the first table value is zero
                 if (dirMin != 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: An " + CurrentModuleObject + " object ");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "has a nonzero minimum value of " + RoundSigDigits(dirMin, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("has a nonzero minimum value of {:.2R}", dirMin));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Wind direction values must begin at zero.");
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
@@ -1656,9 +1636,10 @@ namespace CurveManager {
                     MaxTableNums = NumNumbers;
                     if (NumNumbers != numWindDir) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + Alphas(1));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The number of data entries must match the number of wind directions given in the wind pressure "
-                                          "coefficient array. Number of data entries = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(NumNumbers));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("The number of data entries must match the number of wind directions given in the wind pressure "
+                                                 "coefficient array. Number of data entries = {}",
+                                                 NumNumbers));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         std::vector<double> axis;
@@ -2101,10 +2082,12 @@ namespace CurveManager {
             std::size_t row = colAndRow.second;  // 0 indexed
             auto &content = contents[col];
             if (col >= numColumns) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "File \"" + filePath + "\" : Requested column (" + General::RoundSigDigits(col+1) + ") exceeds the number of columns (" + General::RoundSigDigits(numColumns) + ").");
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("File \"{}\" : Requested column ({}) exceeds the number of columns ({}).", filePath, col + 1, numColumns));
             }
             if (row >= numRows) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "File \"" + filePath + "\" : Requested starting row (" + General::RoundSigDigits(row+1) + ") exceeds the number of rows (" + General::RoundSigDigits(numRows) + ").");
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("File \"{}\" : Requested starting row ({}) exceeds the number of rows ({}).", filePath, row + 1, numRows));
             }
             std::vector<double> array(numRows - row);
             std::transform(content.begin() + row, content.end(), array.begin(), [](const std::string &str) {
@@ -2146,7 +2129,7 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
         for (CurveIndex = 1; CurveIndex <= state.dataCurveManager->NumCurves; ++CurveIndex) {
             for (int dim = 1; dim <= state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(CurveIndex).NumDims; ++dim) {
-                std::string numStr = std::to_string(dim);
+                std::string numStr = fmt::to_string(dim);
 
                 // TODO: Make CurveInput an Array for better looping here...
                 switch (dim) {
@@ -2520,13 +2503,14 @@ namespace CurveManager {
             // Not compatible
             ShowSevereError(state, routineName + objectType + "=\"" + objectName + "\"");
             ShowContinueError(state, "...Invalid curve for " + curveFieldText + ".");
-            std::string validString = std::to_string(validDims[0]);
+            std::string validString = fmt::to_string(validDims[0]);
             for (std::size_t i = 1; i < validDims.size(); i++) {
-                validString += " or " + std::to_string(validDims[i]);
+                validString += format(" or {}", validDims[i]);
             }
             std::string plural1 = curveDim > 1 ? "s" : "";
             std::string plural2 = validDims[validDims.size()-1] > 1 ? "s" : "";
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Input curve=\"" + state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(CurveIndex).Name + "\" has " + std::to_string(curveDim) + " dimension" + plural1 + ".");
+            ShowContinueError(
+                state, format("...Input curve=\"{}\" has {} dimension{}.", state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(CurveIndex).Name, curveDim, plural1));
             ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve type must have " + validString + " dimension" + plural2 + ".");
             return true;
         }
@@ -2668,7 +2652,6 @@ namespace CurveManager {
         // Certain curve types have set limits (e.g., PLF curve should not be greater than 1 or less than 0.7).
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         if (CurveIndex > 0 && CurveIndex <= state.dataCurveManager->NumCurves) {
 
@@ -2684,8 +2667,9 @@ namespace CurveManager {
 
         } else {
 
-            ShowSevereError(state, "SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues: CurveIndex=[" + TrimSigDigits(CurveIndex) +
-                            "] not in range of curves=[1:" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataCurveManager->NumCurves) + "].");
+            ShowSevereError(
+                state,
+                format("SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues: CurveIndex=[{}] not in range of curves=[1:{}].", CurveIndex, state.dataCurveManager->NumCurves));
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
     }
@@ -2944,7 +2928,6 @@ namespace CurveManager {
         //   Trans. ASIVIE, J. of Fluids Engineering 103: 89-90.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         Real64 CalculateMoodyFrictionFactor;
@@ -2975,8 +2958,8 @@ namespace CurveManager {
             CalculateMoodyFrictionFactor = std::pow(Term3, -2.0);
         } else {
             if (!state.dataCurveManager->FrictionFactorErrorHasOccurred) {
-                RR = RoundSigDigits(RoughnessRatio, 7);
-                Re = RoundSigDigits(ReynoldsNumber, 1);
+                RR = format("{:.7R}", RoughnessRatio);
+                Re = format("{:.1R}", ReynoldsNumber);
                 ShowSevereError(state, "Plant Pressure System: Error in moody friction factor calculation");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Current Conditions: Roughness Ratio=" + RR + "; Reynolds Number=" + Re);
                 ShowContinueError(state, "These conditions resulted in an unhandled numeric issue.");
@@ -3019,7 +3002,7 @@ namespace CurveManager {
             if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, callingRoutineObj + "=\"" + objectName + "\" curve values");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cFieldName + " = " + cFieldValue + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output at rated conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DElightManagerF.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DElightManagerF.cc
index 27f852ec863..50b4e624d31 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DElightManagerF.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DElightManagerF.cc
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ namespace DElightManagerF {
         using namespace DataSurfaces;      // Gives access to Surface data
         using namespace DataStringGlobals; // Gives access to Program Path and Current Time/Date
         using namespace DataDaylighting;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using InternalHeatGains::CheckLightsReplaceableMinMaxForZone;
         using InternalHeatGains::GetDesignLightingLevelForZone;
 
@@ -579,20 +579,29 @@ namespace DElightManagerF {
                                 // Validate that Reference Point coordinates are within the host Zone
                                 if (RefPt_WCS_Coord(1) < zn.MinimumX || RefPt_WCS_Coord(1) > zn.MaximumX) {
                                     ShowWarningError(state, "DElightInputGenerator:Reference point X Value outside Zone Min/Max X, Zone=" + zn.Name);
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, "...X Reference Point= " + RoundSigDigits(RefPt_WCS_Coord(1), 2) + ", Zone Minimum X= " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(zn.MinimumX, 2) + ", Zone Maximum X= " + RoundSigDigits(zn.MaximumX, 2));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("...X Reference Point= {:.2R}, Zone Minimum X= {:.2R}, Zone Maximum X= {:.2R}",
+                                                           zn.MinimumX,
+                                                           RefPt_WCS_Coord(1),
+                                                           zn.MaximumX));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                                 if (RefPt_WCS_Coord(2) < zn.MinimumY || RefPt_WCS_Coord(2) > zn.MaximumY) {
                                     ShowWarningError(state, "DElightInputGenerator:Reference point Y Value outside Zone Min/Max Y, Zone=" + zn.Name);
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, "...Y Reference Point= " + RoundSigDigits(RefPt_WCS_Coord(2), 2) + ", Zone Minimum Y= " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(zn.MinimumY, 2) + ", Zone Maximum Y= " + RoundSigDigits(zn.MaximumY, 2));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("...Y Reference Point= {:.2R}, Zone Minimum Y= {:.2R}, Zone Maximum Y= {:.2R}",
+                                                           zn.MinimumY,
+                                                           RefPt_WCS_Coord(2),
+                                                           zn.MaximumY));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                                 if (RefPt_WCS_Coord(3) < Zone(izone).MinimumZ || RefPt_WCS_Coord(3) > zn.MaximumZ) {
                                     ShowWarningError(state, "DElightInputGenerator:Reference point Z Value outside Zone Min/Max Z, Zone=" + zn.Name);
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, "...Z Reference Point= " + RoundSigDigits(RefPt_WCS_Coord(3), 2) + ", Zone Minimum Z= " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(zn.MinimumZ, 2) + ", Zone Maximum Z= " + RoundSigDigits(zn.MaximumZ, 2));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("...Z Reference Point= {:.2R}, Zone Minimum Z= {:.2R}, Zone Maximum Z= {:.2R}",
+                                                           zn.MinimumZ,
+                                                           RefPt_WCS_Coord(3),
+                                                           zn.MaximumZ));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DXCoils.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DXCoils.cc
index 55d0a306caa..bc955d9aff0 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DXCoils.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DXCoils.cc
@@ -263,7 +263,6 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         // Manages the simulation of a single speed on/off DX coil.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int DXCoilNum;       // index of fan coil unit being simulated
@@ -285,13 +284,16 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         } else {
             DXCoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (DXCoilNum > NumDXCoils || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimDXCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of DX Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(NumDXCoils) + ", Coil name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state, format("SimDXCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of DX Coils={}, Coil name={}", DXCoilNum, NumDXCoils, CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(DXCoilNum)) {
                 if (!CompName.empty() && CompName != DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimDXCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) + ", Coil name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimDXCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                                          DXCoilNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(DXCoilNum) = false;
             }
@@ -389,7 +391,6 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         // Manages the simulation of a multi speed DX coil.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -420,13 +421,17 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         } else {
             DXCoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (DXCoilNum > NumDXCoils || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimDXCoilMultiSpeed: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of DX Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(NumDXCoils) + ", Coil name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format("SimDXCoilMultiSpeed: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of DX Coils={}, Coil name={}", DXCoilNum, NumDXCoils, CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(DXCoilNum)) {
                 if (!CompName.empty() && CompName != DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimDXCoilMultiSpeed: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) + ", Coil name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimDXCoilMultiSpeed: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                                          DXCoilNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(DXCoilNum) = false;
             }
@@ -506,7 +511,6 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         // multiple stages, or sub-cool reheat for humidity control.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("SimDXCoilMultiMode");
@@ -569,13 +573,17 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         } else {
             DXCoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (DXCoilNum > NumDXCoils || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimDXCoilMultiMode: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of DX Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(NumDXCoils) + ", Coil name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format("SimDXCoilMultiMode: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of DX Coils={}, Coil name={}", DXCoilNum, NumDXCoils, CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(DXCoilNum)) {
                 if ((CompName != "") && (CompName != DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name)) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimDXCoilMultiMode: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) + ", Coil name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimDXCoilMultiMode: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                                          DXCoilNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(DXCoilNum) = false;
             }
@@ -848,7 +856,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using DataSizing::AutoSize;
         using EMSManager::ManageEMS;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using GlobalNames::VerifyUniqueCoilName;
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using OutAirNodeManager::CheckOutAirNodeNumber;
@@ -1057,7 +1065,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCOP(1) = Numbers(3);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCOP(1) <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(3) + " must be > 0.0, entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0.0, entered value=[{:.2T}].", cNumericFields(3), Numbers(3)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1223,8 +1231,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     if (MinCurveVal < 0.7) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(9) + "=\"" + Alphas(9) + "\" has out of range values.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MinCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(MinCurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MinCurvePLR, MinCurveVal));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve minimum to 0.7 and simulation continues.");
                         SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(1), ErrorsFound, 0.7, _);
                     }
@@ -1232,8 +1240,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     if (MaxCurveVal > 1.0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(9) + " = " + Alphas(9) + " has out of range value.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(MaxCurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MaxCurvePLR, MaxCurveVal));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve maximum to 1.0 and simulation continues.");
                         SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(1), ErrorsFound, _, 1.0);
                     }
@@ -1296,7 +1304,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondEffect(1) < 0.0 || DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondEffect(1) > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(11) + " cannot be < 0.0 or > 1.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(11), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(11)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1304,7 +1312,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow(1) < 0.0 && DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow(1) != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(12) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(12), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(12)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1312,7 +1320,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower(1) < 0.0 && DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower(1) != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(13) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(13), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(13)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1321,7 +1329,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(14) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(14), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(14)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1366,7 +1374,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (Numbers(16) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(16) + " must be >= 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(16), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(16)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1378,7 +1386,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).BasinHeaterSetPointTemp < 2.0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", freeze possible");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(17) + " is < 2 {C}. Freezing could occur.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(17), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(17)));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1510,7 +1518,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity = Numbers(1);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(1) + " must be >= 0.0, entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(1), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 0.0, entered value=[{:.2T}].", cNumericFields(1), Numbers(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1522,8 +1530,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             //  Check if requested number of capacity stages exceeds limits
             if ((DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumCapacityStages > MaxCapacityStages) || (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumCapacityStages < 1)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...illegal " + cNumericFields(3) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumCapacityStages));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Valid range is 1 to " + TrimSigDigits(MaxCapacityStages));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...illegal {} = {}", cNumericFields(3), DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumCapacityStages));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Valid range is 1 to {}", MaxCapacityStages));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1532,8 +1540,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             //  Check if requested number of enhanced dehumidification modes exceeds limits
             if ((DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumDehumidModes > MaxDehumidModes) || (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumDehumidModes < 0)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...illegal " + cNumericFields(4) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumDehumidModes));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Valid range is 0 to " + TrimSigDigits(MaxDehumidModes));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...illegal {} = {}", cNumericFields(4), DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumDehumidModes));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Valid range is 0 to {}", MaxDehumidModes));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1754,8 +1762,9 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                                     if (MinCurveVal < 0.7) {
                                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + PerfObjectType + "=\"" + PerfObjectName + "\", invalid");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields2(6) + " = " + Alphas2(6) + " has out of range value.");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MinCurvePLR, 2) +
-                                                          " is " + TrimSigDigits(MinCurveVal, 3));
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state,
+                                            format("...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MinCurvePLR, MinCurveVal));
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve minimum to 0.7 and simulation continues.");
                                         SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(PerfModeNum), ErrorsFound, 0.7, _);
                                     }
@@ -1763,8 +1772,9 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                                     if (MaxCurveVal > 1.0) {
                                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + PerfObjectType + "=\"" + PerfObjectName + "\", invalid");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields2(6) + " = " + Alphas2(6) + " has out of range value.");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxCurvePLR, 2) +
-                                                          " is " + TrimSigDigits(MaxCurveVal, 3));
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state,
+                                            format("...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MaxCurvePLR, MaxCurveVal));
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve maximum to 1.0 and simulation continues.");
                                         SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(PerfModeNum), ErrorsFound, _, 1.0);
                                     }
@@ -1819,7 +1829,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondEffect(PerfModeNum) < 0.0 || DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondEffect(PerfModeNum) > 1.0) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + PerfObjectType + "=\"" + PerfObjectName + "\", invalid");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields2(10) + " cannot be < 0.0 or > 1.0.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers2(10), 2) + "].");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers2(10)));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
 
@@ -1827,7 +1837,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow(PerfModeNum) < 0.0 && DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow(PerfModeNum) != AutoSize) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + PerfObjectType + "=\"" + PerfObjectName + "\", invalid");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields2(11) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers2(11), 2) + "].");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers2(11)));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
 
@@ -1836,7 +1846,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow(PerfModeNum) != AutoSize) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + PerfObjectType + "=\"" + PerfObjectName + "\", invalid");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields2(12) + " cannot be less than zero.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers2(12), 2) + "].");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers2(12)));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
 
@@ -1892,8 +1902,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 for (CapacityStageNum = (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumCapacityStages + 1); CapacityStageNum <= MaxCapacityStages; ++CapacityStageNum) {
                     if ((AlphaIndex <= NumAlphas) && ((!Alphas(AlphaIndex).empty()) || (!Alphas(AlphaIndex + 1).empty()))) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Capacity Stage " + TrimSigDigits(CapacityStageNum) + " not active. Therefore," +
-                                          cAlphaFields(AlphaIndex));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Capacity Stage {} not active. Therefore,{}", CapacityStageNum, cAlphaFields(AlphaIndex)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... and " + cAlphaFields(AlphaIndex + 1) + " fields will be ignored.");
                     }
                     AlphaIndex += 2;
@@ -1946,7 +1955,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (Numbers(6) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(6) + " must be >= 0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(6), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(6)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1958,7 +1967,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).BasinHeaterSetPointTemp < 2.0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", freeze possible");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(7) + " is < 2 {C}. Freezing could occur.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(7), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(7)));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -2193,8 +2202,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     if (MinCurveVal < 0.7) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(9) + " = " + Alphas(9) + " has out of range value.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MinCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(MinCurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MinCurvePLR, MinCurveVal));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve minimum to 0.7 and simulation continues.");
                         SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(1), ErrorsFound, 0.7, _);
                     }
@@ -2202,8 +2211,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     if (MaxCurveVal > 1.0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(9) + " = " + Alphas(9) + " has out of range value.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(MaxCurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MaxCurvePLR, MaxCurveVal));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve maximum to 1.0 and simulation continues.");
                         SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(1), ErrorsFound, _, 1.0);
                     }
@@ -2290,7 +2299,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(8) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(8), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(8)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2611,8 +2620,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     if (MinCurveVal < 0.7) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(9) + " = " + Alphas(9) + " has out of range value.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MinCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(MinCurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MinCurvePLR, MinCurveVal));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve minimum to 0.7 and simulation continues.");
                         SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(1), ErrorsFound, 0.7, _);
                     }
@@ -2620,8 +2629,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     if (MaxCurveVal > 1.0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(9) + " = " + Alphas(9) + " has out of range value.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(MaxCurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MaxCurvePLR, MaxCurveVal));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve maximum to 1.0 and simulation continues.");
                         SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(1), ErrorsFound, _, 1.0);
                     }
@@ -2737,7 +2746,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondEffect(1) < 0.0 || DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondEffect(1) > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(11) + " cannot be < 0.0 or > 1.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(11), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(11)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2745,7 +2754,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow(1) < 0.0 && DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow(1) != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(12) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(12), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(12)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2753,7 +2762,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower(1) < 0.0 && DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower(1) != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(13) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(13), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(13)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2761,7 +2770,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondEffect2 < 0.0 || DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondEffect2 > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(14) + " cannot be cannot be < 0.0 or > 1.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(14), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(14)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2769,7 +2778,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow2 < 0.0 && DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow2 != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(15) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(15), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(15)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2777,7 +2786,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower2 < 0.0 && DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower2 != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(16) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(16), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(16)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2817,7 +2826,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (Numbers(17) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(17) + " must be >= 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(17), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(17)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2829,7 +2838,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).BasinHeaterSetPointTemp < 2.0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", freeze possible");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(18) + " is < 2 {C}. Freezing could occur.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(18), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(18)));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -2971,21 +2980,21 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap2 = Numbers(1);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap2 <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(1) + " must be > 0.0, entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(1), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0.0, entered value=[{:.2T}].", cNumericFields(1), Numbers(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCOP(1) = Numbers(2);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCOP(1) <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(2) + " must be > 0.0, entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(2), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0.0, entered value=[{:.2T}].", cNumericFields(2), Numbers(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedSHR(1) = Numbers(3);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedSHR(1) <= 0.0 || DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedSHR(1) > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(3) + " must be > 0 and <= 1.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0 and <= 1.  entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(3), Numbers(3)));
 
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -2993,21 +3002,21 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletDBTemp = Numbers(4);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletDBTemp <= 5.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(4) + " must be > 5 {C}.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(4), 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 5 {{C}}.  entered value=[{:.1T}].", cNumericFields(4), Numbers(4)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletWBTemp = Numbers(5);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletWBTemp <= 5.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(5) + " must be > 5 {C}.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(5), 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 5 {{C}}.  entered value=[{:.1T}].", cNumericFields(5), Numbers(5)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletWaterTemp = Numbers(6);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletWaterTemp <= 25.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(6) + " must be > 25 {C}.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(6), 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 25 {{C}}.  entered value=[{:.1T}].", cNumericFields(6), Numbers(6)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3015,7 +3024,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedAirVolFlowRate(1) != DataGlobalConstants::AutoCalculate()) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedAirVolFlowRate(1) <= 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(7) + " must be > 0.0.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(7), 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0.0.  entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(7), Numbers(7)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3025,7 +3034,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedHPWHCondWaterFlow != DataGlobalConstants::AutoCalculate()) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedHPWHCondWaterFlow <= 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(8) + " must be > 0.0  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(8), 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0.0  entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(8), Numbers(8)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 //   check the range of flow rate to be >= 1 gpm/ton and <= 5 gpm/ton
@@ -3035,8 +3044,9 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         "..." + cNumericFields(8) + " per watt of " + cNumericFields(1) +
                         " is outside the recommended range of >= 1.79405E-8 m3/s/W (0.083 gpm/MBH) and <= 8.97024E-8 m3/s/W (0.417 gpm/MBH).");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Entered Flow rate per watt = [" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits((DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedHPWHCondWaterFlow / DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap2), 10) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Entered Flow rate per watt = [{:.10T}].",
+                                             (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedHPWHCondWaterFlow / DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap2)));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -3073,14 +3083,14 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HPWHCondPumpElecNomPower = Numbers(9);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HPWHCondPumpElecNomPower < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(9) + " must be >= 0.0  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(9), 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 0.0  entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(9), Numbers(9)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HPWHCondPumpFracToWater = Numbers(10);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HPWHCondPumpFracToWater <= 0.0 || DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HPWHCondPumpFracToWater > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(10) + " must be >= 0 and <= 1.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(10), 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 0 and <= 1.  entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(10), Numbers(10)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3108,14 +3118,14 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity = Numbers(11);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(11) + " must be >= 0.0  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(11), 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 0.0  entered value=[{:.1T}].", cNumericFields(11), Numbers(11)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MaxOATCrankcaseHeater = Numbers(12);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MaxOATCrankcaseHeater < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(12) + " must be >= 0 {C}.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(12), 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 0 {{C}}.  entered value=[{:.1T}].", cNumericFields(12), Numbers(12)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3351,8 +3361,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                         if (MinCurveVal < 0.7) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(16) + " = " + Alphas(16) + " has out of range value.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MinCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(MinCurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MinCurvePLR, MinCurveVal));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve minimum to 0.7 and simulation continues.");
                             SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(1), ErrorsFound, 0.7, _);
                         }
@@ -3360,8 +3370,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                         if (MaxCurveVal > 1.0) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(16) + " = " + Alphas(16) + " has out of range value.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(MaxCurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MaxCurvePLR, MaxCurveVal));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve maximum to 1.0 and simulation continues.");
                             SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(1), ErrorsFound, _, 1.0);
                         }
@@ -3417,21 +3427,21 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap2 = Numbers(1);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap2 <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(1) + " must be > 0.0, entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(1), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0.0, entered value=[{:.2T}].", cNumericFields(1), Numbers(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCOP(1) = Numbers(2);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCOP(1) <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(2) + " must be > 0.0, entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(2), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0.0, entered value=[{:.2T}].", cNumericFields(2), Numbers(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedSHR(1) = Numbers(3);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedSHR(1) <= 0.0 || DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedSHR(1) > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(3) + " must be > 0 and <= 1.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0 and <= 1.  entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(3), Numbers(3)));
 
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -3439,21 +3449,21 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletDBTemp = Numbers(4);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletDBTemp <= 5.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(4) + " must be > 5 {C}.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(4), 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 5 {{C}}.  entered value=[{:.1T}].", cNumericFields(4), Numbers(4)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletWBTemp = Numbers(5);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletWBTemp <= 5.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(5) + " must be > 5 {C}.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(5), 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 5 {{C}}.  entered value=[{:.1T}].", cNumericFields(5), Numbers(5)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletWaterTemp = Numbers(6);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletWaterTemp <= 25.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(6) + " must be > 25 {C}.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(6), 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 25 {{C}}.  entered value=[{:.1T}].", cNumericFields(6), Numbers(6)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3461,7 +3471,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedAirVolFlowRate(1) != DataGlobalConstants::AutoCalculate()) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedAirVolFlowRate(1) <= 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(7) + " must be > 0.0.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(7), 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0.0.  entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(7), Numbers(7)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3507,14 +3517,14 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity = Numbers(8);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(8) + " must be >= 0.0  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(8), 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 0.0  entered value=[{:.1T}].", cNumericFields(8), Numbers(8)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MaxOATCrankcaseHeater = Numbers(9);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MaxOATCrankcaseHeater < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(9) + " must be >= 0 {C}.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(9), 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 0 {{C}}.  entered value=[{:.1T}].", cNumericFields(9), Numbers(9)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3698,8 +3708,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                         if (MinCurveVal < 0.7) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(10) + " = " + Alphas(10) + " has out of range value.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MinCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(MinCurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MinCurvePLR, MinCurveVal));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve minimum to 0.7 and simulation continues.");
                             SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(1), ErrorsFound, 0.7, _);
                         }
@@ -3707,8 +3717,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                         if (MaxCurveVal > 1.0) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(10) + " = " + Alphas(10) + " has out of range value.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(MaxCurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MaxCurvePLR, MaxCurveVal));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve maximum to 1.0 and simulation continues.");
                             SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(1), ErrorsFound, _, 1.0);
                         }
@@ -3850,7 +3860,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(2) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(2), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3883,7 +3893,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).BasinHeaterPowerFTempDiff = Numbers(4);
             if (Numbers(4) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(4) + " must be >= 0.0, entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(4), 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 0.0, entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(4), Numbers(4)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3895,7 +3905,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).BasinHeaterSetPointTemp < 2.0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", freeze possible");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(5) + " is less than 2 {C}. Freezing could occur.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(5), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", Numbers(5)));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -3923,7 +3933,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds = Numbers(6); // Number of speeds
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds < 2) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(6) + " must be >= 2. entered number is " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(6), 0));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 2. entered number is {:.0T}", cNumericFields(6), Numbers(6)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -4118,8 +4128,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields2(17 + (I - 1) * 6) + " = " + Alphas2(17 + (I - 1) * 6) +
                                               " has out of range value.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MinCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(MinCurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MinCurvePLR, MinCurveVal));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve minimum to 0.7 and simulation continues.");
                             SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(PerfModeNum), ErrorsFound, 0.7, _);
                         }
@@ -4128,8 +4138,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields2(17 + (I - 1) * 6) + " = " + Alphas2(17 + (I - 1) * 6) +
                                               " has out of range value.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(MaxCurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MaxCurvePLR, MaxCurveVal));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve maximum to 1.0 and simulation continues.");
                             SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSPLFFPLR(I), ErrorsFound, _, 1.0);
                         }
@@ -4140,29 +4150,37 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSTwet_Rated(I) = Numbers(12 + (I - 1) * 13);
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSTwet_Rated(I) < 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(12 + (I - 1) * 13) + " cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSTwet_Rated(I), 4) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...{} cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[{:.4T}].",
+                                             cNumericFields(12 + (I - 1) * 13),
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSTwet_Rated(I)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSGamma_Rated(I) = Numbers(13 + (I - 1) * 13);
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSGamma_Rated(I) < 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(13 + (I - 1) * 13) + " cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSGamma_Rated(I), 4) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...{} cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[{:.4T}].",
+                                             cNumericFields(13 + (I - 1) * 13),
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSGamma_Rated(I)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSMaxONOFFCyclesperHour(I) = Numbers(14 + (I - 1) * 13);
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Gamma_Rated(I) < 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(14 + (I - 1) * 13) + " cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSMaxONOFFCyclesperHour(I), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...{} cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[{:.2T}].",
+                                             cNumericFields(14 + (I - 1) * 13),
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSMaxONOFFCyclesperHour(I)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSLatentCapacityTimeConstant(I) = Numbers(15 + (I - 1) * 13);
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Gamma_Rated(I) < 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(15 + (I - 1) * 13) + " cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSLatentCapacityTimeConstant(I), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...{} cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[{:.2T}].",
+                                             cNumericFields(15 + (I - 1) * 13),
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSLatentCapacityTimeConstant(I)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -4187,7 +4205,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFields(18 + (I - 1) * 6) + " = " + Alphas(18 + (I - 1) * 6));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(18 + (I - 1) * 6) +
                                                   " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -4196,24 +4214,28 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondEffect(I) = Numbers(17 + (I - 1) * 13);
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondEffect(I) < 0.0 || DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondEffect(I) > 1.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(17 + (I - 1) * 13) + " cannot be < 0.0 or > 1.0, entered value=[" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(Numbers(17 + (I - 1) * 13), 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...{} cannot be < 0.0 or > 1.0, entered value=[{:.3T}].",
+                                             cNumericFields(17 + (I - 1) * 13),
+                                             Numbers(17 + (I - 1) * 13)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondAirFlow(I) = Numbers(18 + (I - 1) * 13);
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondAirFlow(I) < 0.0 && DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondAirFlow(I) != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(18 + (I - 1) * 13) + " cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(Numbers(18 + (I - 1) * 13), 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("...{} cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(18 + (I - 1) * 13), Numbers(18 + (I - 1) * 13)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPower(I) = Numbers(19 + (I - 1) * 13);
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPower(I) < 0.0 && DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPower(I) != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(19 + (I - 1) * 13) + " cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(Numbers(19 + (I - 1) * 13), 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("...{} cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(19 + (I - 1) * 13), Numbers(19 + (I - 1) * 13)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -4301,7 +4323,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity = Numbers(3);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(3) + " cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} cannot be < 0.0, entered value=[{:.2T}].", cNumericFields(3), Numbers(3)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -4403,7 +4425,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds = Numbers(9); // Number of speeds
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds < 2) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(9) + " must be >= 2. entered number is " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(9), 0));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 2. entered number is {:.0T}", cNumericFields(9), Numbers(9)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -4609,8 +4631,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                         if (MinCurveVal < 0.7) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(14 + (I - 1) * 6) + " = " + Alphas(14 + (I - 1) * 6) + " has out of range value.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MinCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(MinCurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MinCurvePLR, MinCurveVal));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve minimum to 0.7 and simulation continues.");
                             SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(1), ErrorsFound, 0.7, _);
                             SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSPLFFPLR(I), ErrorsFound, 0.7, _);
@@ -4619,8 +4641,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                         if (MaxCurveVal > 1.0) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(14 + (I - 1) * 6) + " = " + Alphas(14 + (I - 1) * 6) + " has out of range value.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(MaxCurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MaxCurvePLR, MaxCurveVal));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve maximum to 1.0 and simulation continues.");
                             SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSPLFFPLR(I), ErrorsFound, _, 1.0);
                         }
@@ -6022,7 +6044,6 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::ZoneAirHumRat;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::ZT;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static Real64 SmallDifferenceTest(0.00000001);
@@ -6069,9 +6090,12 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 ((RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap - MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) > SmallDifferenceTest)) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
                                  "\": Rated air volume flow rate per watt of rated total water heating capacity is out of range");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                  "], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap, 3) + "], Max Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" +
-                                  TrimSigDigits(MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "]. See Input-Output Reference Manual for valid range.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Max Rated Vol Flow Per "
+                                         "Watt=[{:.3T}]. See Input-Output Reference Manual for valid range.",
+                                         MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                         RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap,
+                                         MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)));
             }
             HPInletAirHumRat =
                 PsyWFnTdbTwbPb(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletDBTemp, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedInletWBTemp, StdPressureSeaLevel, RoutineName);
@@ -6198,10 +6222,12 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                         ((RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap - MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) > SmallDifferenceTest)) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, "Sizing: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
                                          "\": Rated air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                          "], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap, 3) +
-                                          "], Max Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                          "]. See Input Output Reference Manual for valid range.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Max Rated Vol Flow Per "
+                                                 "Watt=[{:.3T}]. See Input Output Reference Manual for valid range.",
+                                                 MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap,
+                                                 MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)));
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -6312,10 +6338,12 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                             ((RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap - MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) > SmallDifferenceTest)) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "Sizing: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
                                              "\": Rated air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                              "], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap, 3) +
-                                              "], Max Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                              "]. See Input Output Reference Manual for valid range.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Max Rated Vol Flow Per "
+                                                     "Watt=[{:.3T}]. See Input Output Reference Manual for valid range.",
+                                                     MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                     RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap,
+                                                     MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "for CoilPerformance:DX:Cooling mode: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoilPerformanceName(Mode));
                         }
                         DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedAirMassFlowRate(Mode) =
@@ -6363,10 +6391,12 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                         ((RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap - MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) > SmallDifferenceTest)) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, "Sizing: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
                                          ": Rated air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                          "], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap, 3) +
-                                          "], Max Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                          "]. See Input-Output Reference Manual for valid range.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Max Rated Vol Flow Per "
+                                                 "Watt=[{:.3T}]. See Input-Output Reference Manual for valid range.",
+                                                 MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap,
+                                                 MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)));
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -6444,10 +6474,12 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     ((RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap - MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) > SmallDifferenceTest)) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Coil:Cooling:DX:TwoSpeed \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
                                      "\": At low speed rated air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                      "], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap, 3) +
-                                      "], Max Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                      "]. See Input-Output Reference Manual for valid range.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Max Rated Vol Flow Per "
+                                             "Watt=[{:.3T}]. See Input-Output Reference Manual for valid range.",
+                                             MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                             RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap,
+                                             MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)));
                 }
 
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedAirMassFlowRate2 =
@@ -6473,13 +6505,19 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 for (Mode = 1; Mode <= DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds; ++Mode) {
                     // Check for zero capacity or zero max flow rate
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode) <= 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "Sizing: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                        " has zero rated total capacity at speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("Sizing: {} {} has zero rated total capacity at speed {}",
+                                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                               Mode));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode) <= 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "Sizing: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                        " has zero rated air flow rate at speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("Sizing: {} {} has zero rated air flow rate at speed {}",
+                                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                               Mode));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (ErrorsFound) {
@@ -6489,13 +6527,19 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap = DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode) / DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode);
                     if (((MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT) - RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap) > SmallDifferenceTest) ||
                         ((RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap - MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) > SmallDifferenceTest)) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "Sizing: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                         "\": Rated air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at speed " +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(Mode));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                          "], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap, 3) +
-                                          "], Max Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                          "]. See Input Output Reference Manual for valid range.");
+                        ShowWarningError(
+                            state,
+                            format(
+                                "Sizing: {} \"{}\": Rated air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at speed {}",
+                                DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                Mode));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Max Rated Vol Flow Per "
+                                                 "Watt=[{:.3T}]. See Input Output Reference Manual for valid range.",
+                                                 MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap,
+                                                 MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)));
                     }
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirMassFlowRate(Mode) =
                         DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode) *
@@ -6525,13 +6569,17 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap = DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode) / DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode);
                     if (((MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT) - RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap) > SmallDifferenceTest) ||
                         ((RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap - MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) > SmallDifferenceTest)) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "Coil:Heating:DX:MultiSpeed " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                         ": Rated air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range at speed " +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(Mode));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                          "], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap, 3) +
-                                          "], Max Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[" + TrimSigDigits(MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                          "]. See Input Output Reference Manual for valid range.");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("Coil:Heating:DX:MultiSpeed {}: Rated air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity "
+                                                "is out of range at speed {}",
+                                                DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                Mode));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Min Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Rated Vol Flow Per Watt=[{:.3T}], Max Rated Vol Flow Per "
+                                                 "Watt=[{:.3T}]. See Input Output Reference Manual for valid range.",
+                                                 MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 RatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap,
+                                                 MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -6629,8 +6677,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataSizing;
         using CurveManager::CurveValue;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
         using StandardRatings::CalcDXCoilStandardRating;
 
@@ -7099,10 +7146,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                                 if ((std::abs(SecCoilAirFlowDes - SecCoilAirFlowUser) / SecCoilAirFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeDxCoil: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' +
                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(SecCoilAirFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(SecCoilAirFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", SecCoilAirFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", SecCoilAirFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -7216,16 +7263,18 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow2 > DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow(Mode)) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "SizeDXCoil: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
                                         ", Evaporative Condenser low speed air flow must be less than or equal to high speed air flow.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow2, 2) + " > " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow(Mode), 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow2, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondAirFlow(Mode)));
                         ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                     }
 
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower2 > DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower(Mode)) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "SizeDXCoil: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
                                         ", Evaporative Condenser low speed pump power must be less than or equal to high speed pump power.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower2, 2) + " > " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower(Mode), 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}",
+                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower2,
+                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower(Mode)));
                         ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                     }
 
@@ -7233,8 +7282,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                         ShowSevereError(state,
                             "SizeDXCoil: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
                             ", Rated Total Cooling Capacity, Low Speed must be less than or equal to Rated Total Cooling Capacity, High Speed.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap2, 2) + " > " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap(Mode), 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap2, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap(Mode)));
                         ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                     }
 
@@ -7242,8 +7291,9 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                         ShowFatalError(state,
                             "SizeDXCoil: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
                             ", Rated Air Volume Flow Rate, low speed must be less than or equal to Rated Air Volume Flow Rate, high speed.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedAirVolFlowRate2, 2) + " > " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode), 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedAirVolFlowRate2, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode)));
                         ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                     }
                 }
@@ -7361,10 +7411,17 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             // Ensure flow rate at lower speed must be lower or equal to the flow rate at higher speed. Otherwise, a severe error is isssued.
             for (Mode = 1; Mode <= DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds - 1; ++Mode) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode) > DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode + 1)) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "SizeDXCoil: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + ", Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) +
-                                     " Rated Air Flow Rate must be less than or equal to Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode + 1) + " Rated Air Flow Rate.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode), 2) + " > " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode + 1), 2));
+                    ShowWarningError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SizeDXCoil: {} {}, Speed {} Rated Air Flow Rate must be less than or equal to Speed {} Rated Air Flow Rate.",
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                               Mode,
+                               Mode + 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}",
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode),
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode + 1)));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -7450,11 +7507,15 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             // Ensure capacity at lower speed must be lower or equal to the capacity at higher speed.
             for (Mode = 1; Mode <= DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds - 1; ++Mode) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode) > DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode + 1)) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "SizeDXCoil: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + ", Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) +
-                                     " Rated Total Cooling Capacity must be less than or equal to Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode + 1) +
-                                     " Rated Total Cooling Capacity.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode), 2) + " > " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode + 1), 2));
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("SizeDXCoil: {} {}, Speed {} Rated Total Cooling Capacity must be less than or equal to Speed {} Rated "
+                                            "Total Cooling Capacity.",
+                                            DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                            DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                            Mode,
+                                            Mode + 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode), DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode + 1)));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -7516,27 +7577,30 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 }
                 if (IsAutoSize) {
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondAirFlow(Mode) = MSEvapCondAirFlowDes;
-                    BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                    BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state,
+                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
                                                  DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
-                                                 "Design Size Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate [m3/s]",
+                                                 format("Design Size Speed {} Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate [m3/s]", Mode),
                                                  MSEvapCondAirFlowDes);
                 } else {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondAirFlow(Mode) > 0.0 && MSEvapCondAirFlowDes > 0.0 && !HardSizeNoDesRun) {
                         MSEvapCondAirFlowUser = DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondAirFlow(Mode);
-                        BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                        BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state,
+                                                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
                                                      DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
-                                                     "Design Size Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate [m3/s]",
+                                                     format("Design Size Speed {} Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate [m3/s]", Mode),
                                                      MSEvapCondAirFlowDes,
-                                                     "User-Specified Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate [m3/s]",
+                                                     format("User-Specified Speed {} Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate [m3/s]", Mode),
                                                      MSEvapCondAirFlowUser);
                         if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                             if ((std::abs(MSEvapCondAirFlowDes - MSEvapCondAirFlowUser) / MSEvapCondAirFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeDxCoil: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' +
                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MSEvapCondAirFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MSEvapCondAirFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("User-Specified Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MSEvapCondAirFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("differs from Design Size Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MSEvapCondAirFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -7548,11 +7612,16 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             // Ensure evaporative condenser airflow rate at lower speed must be lower or equal to one at higher speed.
             for (Mode = 1; Mode <= DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds - 1; ++Mode) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondAirFlow(Mode) > DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondAirFlow(Mode + 1)) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "SizeDXCoil: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + ", Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) +
-                                     " Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate must be less than or equal to Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode + 1) +
-                                     " Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondAirFlow(Mode), 2) + " > " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondAirFlow(Mode + 1), 2));
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("SizeDXCoil: {} {}, Speed {} Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate must be less than or equal to Speed {} "
+                                            "Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate.",
+                                            DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                            DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                            Mode,
+                                            Mode + 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondAirFlow(Mode), DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondAirFlow(Mode + 1)));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -7574,30 +7643,32 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 // Design Size data is always available
                 if (IsAutoSize) {
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPower(Mode) = MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerDes;
-                    BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                    BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state,
+                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
                                                  DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
-                                                 "Design Size Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) +
-                                                     " Rated Evaporative Condenser Pump Power Consumption [W]",
+                                                 format("Design Size Speed {} Rated Evaporative Condenser Pump Power Consumption [W]", Mode),
                                                  MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerDes);
                 } else {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPower(Mode) > 0.0 && MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerDes > 0.0 && !HardSizeNoDesRun) {
                         MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerUser = DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPower(Mode);
                         BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state,
-                            DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
-                            DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
-                            "Design Size Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " Rated Evaporative Condenser Pump Power Consumption [W]",
-                            MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerDes,
-                            "User-Specified Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " Rated Evaporative Condenser Pump Power Consumption [W]",
-                            MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerUser);
+                                                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                     format("Design Size Speed {} Rated Evaporative Condenser Pump Power Consumption [W]", Mode),
+                                                     MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerDes,
+                                                     format("User-Specified Speed {} Rated Evaporative Condenser Pump Power Consumption [W]", Mode),
+                                                     MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerUser);
                         if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                             if ((std::abs(MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerDes - MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerUser) / MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerUser) >
                                 AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeDxCoil: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' +
                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Evaporative Condenser Pump Rated Power Consumption of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Evaporative Condenser Pump Rated Power Consumption of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("User-Specified Evaporative Condenser Pump Rated Power Consumption of {:.2R} [W]",
+                                                         MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Evaporative Condenser Pump Rated Power Consumption of {:.2R} [W]",
+                                                         MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPowerDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -7609,11 +7680,17 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             // Ensure evaporative condesner pump power at lower speed must be lower or equal to one at higher speed.
             for (Mode = 1; Mode <= DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds - 1; ++Mode) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPower(Mode) > DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPower(Mode + 1)) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "SizeDXCoil: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + ", Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) +
-                                     " Rated Evaporative Condenser Pump Power Consumption must be less than or equal to Speed " +
-                                     TrimSigDigits(Mode + 1) + " Rated Evaporative Condenser Pump Power Consumption.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPower(Mode), 2) + " > " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPower(Mode + 1), 2));
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("SizeDXCoil: {} {}, Speed {} Rated Evaporative Condenser Pump Power Consumption must be less than or "
+                                            "equal to Speed {} Rated Evaporative Condenser Pump Power Consumption.",
+                                            DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                            DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                            Mode,
+                                            Mode + 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}",
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPower(Mode),
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSEvapCondPumpElecNomPower(Mode + 1)));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -7683,10 +7760,17 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             // Ensure flow rate at lower speed must be lower or equal to the flow rate at higher speed. Otherwise, a severe error is isssued.
             for (Mode = 1; Mode <= DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds - 1; ++Mode) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode) > DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode + 1)) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "SizeDXCoil: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + ", Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) +
-                                     " Rated Air Flow Rate must be less than or equal to Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode + 1) + " Rated Air Flow Rate.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode), 2) + " > " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode + 1), 2));
+                    ShowWarningError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SizeDXCoil: {} {}, Speed {} Rated Air Flow Rate must be less than or equal to Speed {} Rated Air Flow Rate.",
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                               Mode,
+                               Mode + 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}",
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode),
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode + 1)));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -7701,27 +7785,29 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     SecCoilAirFlowDes = DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode) * DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSSecCoilAirFlowScalingFactor(Mode);
                     if (IsAutoSize) {
                         DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSSecCoilAirFlow(Mode) = SecCoilAirFlowDes;
-                        BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                        BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state,
+                                                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
                                                      DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
-                                                     "Design Size Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate [m3/s]",
+                                                     format("Design Size Speed {} Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate [m3/s]", Mode),
                                                      SecCoilAirFlowDes);
                     } else {
                         if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSSecCoilAirFlow(Mode) > 0.0 && SecCoilAirFlowDes > 0.0 && !HardSizeNoDesRun) {
                             SecCoilAirFlowUser = DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSSecCoilAirFlow(Mode);
-                            BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                            BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state,
+                                                         DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
                                                          DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
-                                                         "Design Size Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate [m3/s]",
+                                                         format("Design Size Speed {} Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate [m3/s]", Mode),
                                                          SecCoilAirFlowDes,
-                                                         "User-Specified Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate [m3/s]",
+                                                         format("User-Specified Speed {} Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate [m3/s]", Mode),
                                                          SecCoilAirFlowUser);
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(SecCoilAirFlowDes - SecCoilAirFlowUser) / SecCoilAirFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeDxCoil: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' +
                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(SecCoilAirFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(SecCoilAirFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", SecCoilAirFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Secondary Coil Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", SecCoilAirFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -7817,11 +7903,15 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             // Ensure capacity at lower speed must be lower or equal to the capacity at higher speed.
             for (Mode = 1; Mode <= DXCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds - 1; ++Mode) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode) > DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode + 1)) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "SizeDXCoil: " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + ", Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) +
-                                     " Rated Total Heating Capacity must be less than or equal to Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode + 1) +
-                                     " Rated Total Heating Capacity.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode), 2) + " > " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode + 1), 2));
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("SizeDXCoil: {} {}, Speed {} Rated Total Heating Capacity must be less than or equal to Speed {} Rated "
+                                            "Total Heating Capacity.",
+                                            DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                            DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                            Mode,
+                                            Mode + 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode), DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode + 1)));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -7854,10 +7944,9 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                         if ((std::abs(DefrostCapacityDes - DefrostCapacityUser) / DefrostCapacityUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, "SizeDxCoil: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + ' ' +
                                                DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(DefrostCapacityUser, 2) +
-                                              "[W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity of " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(DefrostCapacityDes, 2) + "[W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity of {:.2R}[W]", DefrostCapacityUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("differs from Design Size Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity of {:.2R}[W]", DefrostCapacityDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -8007,7 +8096,6 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         using DataHVACGlobals::DXCoilTotalCapacity;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HPWHInletDBTemp;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HPWHInletWBTemp;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("CalcHPWHDXCoil");
@@ -8084,13 +8172,16 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (HeatCapFTemp < 0.0) {
                 if (Coil.HCapFTempErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, Coil.DXCoilType + " \"" + Coil.Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " HPWH Heating Capacity Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(HeatCapFTemp, 3) + ").");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format(" HPWH Heating Capacity Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).", HeatCapFTemp));
                     if (state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(Coil.HCapFTemp).NumDims == 2) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an inlet air temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirTemp, 1) +
-                                          " and an inlet water temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletWaterTemp, 1) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format(" Negative value occurs using an inlet air temperature of {:.1T} and an inlet water temperature of {:.1T}.",
+                                   InletAirTemp,
+                                   InletWaterTemp));
                     } else {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an inlet air temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirTemp, 1) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative value occurs using an inlet air temperature of {:.1T}.", InletAirTemp));
                     }
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                 }
@@ -8119,13 +8210,16 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (HeatCOPFTemp < 0.0) {
                 if (Coil.HCOPFTempErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, Coil.DXCoilType + " \"" + Coil.Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " HPWH Heating COP Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(HeatCOPFTemp, 3) + ").");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format(" HPWH Heating COP Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).", HeatCOPFTemp));
                     if (state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(Coil.HCOPFTemp).NumDims == 2) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an inlet air temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirTemp, 1) +
-                                          " and an inlet water temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletWaterTemp, 1) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format(" Negative value occurs using an inlet air temperature of {:.1T} and an inlet water temperature of {:.1T}.",
+                                   InletAirTemp,
+                                   InletWaterTemp));
                     } else {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an inlet air temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirTemp, 1) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative value occurs using an inlet air temperature of {:.1T}.", InletAirTemp));
                     }
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                 }
@@ -8151,9 +8245,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (HeatCapFAirFlow < 0.0) {
                 if (Coil.HCapFAirFlowErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, Coil.DXCoilType + " \"" + Coil.Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " HPWH Heating Capacity Modifier curve (function of air flow fraction) output is negative (" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(HeatCapFAirFlow, 3) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an air flow fraction of " + TrimSigDigits(AirFlowRateRatio, 3) + '.');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format(" HPWH Heating Capacity Modifier curve (function of air flow fraction) output is negative ({:.3T}).",
+                                             HeatCapFAirFlow));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative value occurs using an air flow fraction of {:.3T}.", AirFlowRateRatio));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -8175,9 +8270,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (HeatCOPFAirFlow < 0.0) {
                 if (Coil.HCOPFAirFlowErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, Coil.DXCoilType + " \"" + Coil.Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " HPWH Heating COP Modifier curve (function of air flow fraction) output is negative (" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(HeatCOPFAirFlow, 3) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an air flow fraction of " + TrimSigDigits(AirFlowRateRatio, 3) + '.');
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format(" HPWH Heating COP Modifier curve (function of air flow fraction) output is negative ({:.3T}).", HeatCOPFAirFlow));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative value occurs using an air flow fraction of {:.3T}.", AirFlowRateRatio));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -8199,9 +8295,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (HeatCapFWaterFlow < 0.0) {
                 if (Coil.HCapFWaterFlowErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, Coil.DXCoilType + " \"" + Coil.Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " HPWH Heating Capacity Modifier curve (function of water flow fraction) output is negative (" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(HeatCapFWaterFlow, 3) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using a water flow fraction of " + TrimSigDigits(WaterFlowRateRatio, 3) + '.');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format(" HPWH Heating Capacity Modifier curve (function of water flow fraction) output is negative ({:.3T}).",
+                                             HeatCapFWaterFlow));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative value occurs using a water flow fraction of {:.3T}.", WaterFlowRateRatio));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -8223,9 +8320,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (HeatCOPFWaterFlow < 0.0) {
                 if (Coil.HCOPFWaterFlowErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, Coil.DXCoilType + " \"" + Coil.Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " HPWH Heating COP Modifier curve (function of water flow fraction) output is negative (" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(HeatCOPFWaterFlow, 3) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using a water flow fraction of " + TrimSigDigits(WaterFlowRateRatio, 3) + '.');
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format(" HPWH Heating COP Modifier curve (function of water flow fraction) output is negative ({:.3T}).", HeatCOPFWaterFlow));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative value occurs using a water flow fraction of {:.3T}.", WaterFlowRateRatio));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -8396,8 +8494,6 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
         using General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("CalcDoe2DXCoil: ");
@@ -8623,8 +8719,9 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer1);
                     ShowContinueError(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer2);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... Possible reasons for low outlet air dry-bulb temperatures are: This DX coil");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "   1) may have a low inlet air dry-bulb temperature. Inlet air temperature = " +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).FullLoadInletAirTempLast, 3) + " C.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("   1) may have a low inlet air dry-bulb temperature. Inlet air temperature = {:.3T} C.",
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).FullLoadInletAirTempLast));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "   2) may have a low air flow rate per watt of cooling capacity. Check inputs.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "   3) is used as part of a HX assisted cooling coil which uses a high sensible effectiveness. Check inputs.");
                 }
@@ -8679,12 +8776,18 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType_Num != CoilDX_HeatPumpWaterHeaterWrapped &&
                 ((VolFlowperRatedTotCap < MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) || (VolFlowperRatedTotCap > MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)))) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).ErrIndex1 == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                       "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at " +
-                                       RoundSigDigits(VolFlowperRatedTotCap, 3) + " m3/s/W.");
+                    ShowWarningMessage(
+                        state,
+                        format("{}{}=\"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at {:.3R} m3/s/W.",
+                               RoutineName,
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                               VolFlowperRatedTotCap));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                      "--" + RoundSigDigits(MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + ']');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[{:.3R}--{:.3R}]",
+                                             MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                             MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Possible causes include inconsistent air flow rates in system components,");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "or variable air volume [VAV] system using incorrect coil type.");
                 }
@@ -8699,12 +8802,18 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                        ((VolFlowperRatedTotCap < MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) ||
                         (VolFlowperRatedTotCap > MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)))) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).ErrIndex1 == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                       "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total water heating capacity is out of range at " +
-                                       RoundSigDigits(VolFlowperRatedTotCap, 2) + " m3/s/W.");
+                    ShowWarningMessage(
+                        state,
+                        format("{}{}=\"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total water heating capacity is out of range at {:.2R} m3/s/W.",
+                               RoutineName,
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                               VolFlowperRatedTotCap));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                      "--" + RoundSigDigits(MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + ']');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[{:.3R}--{:.3R}]",
+                                             MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                             MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Possible causes may be that the parent object is calling for an actual supply air flow rate that is much "
                                       "higher or lower than the DX coil rated supply air flow rate.");
                 }
@@ -8738,9 +8847,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowTempLast = OutdoorDryBulb;
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowAmbErrIndex == 0) {
                         DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowAmbBuffer1 =
-                            DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                            "\" - Air-cooled condenser inlet dry-bulb temperature below 0 C. Outdoor dry-bulb temperature = " +
-                            RoundSigDigits(OutdoorDryBulb, 2);
+                            format("{} \"{}\" - Air-cooled condenser inlet dry-bulb temperature below 0 C. Outdoor dry-bulb temperature = {:.2R}",
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                   OutdoorDryBulb);
                         DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowAmbBuffer2 =
                             " ... Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " + CurMnDy + ' ' + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
                     }
@@ -8751,9 +8861,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowTempLast = OutdoorWetBulb;
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowAmbErrIndex == 0) {
                         DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowAmbBuffer1 =
-                            DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                            "\" - Evap-cooled condenser inlet wet-bulb temperature below 10 C. Outdoor wet-bulb temperature = " +
-                            RoundSigDigits(OutdoorWetBulb, 2);
+                            format("{} \"{}\" - Evap-cooled condenser inlet wet-bulb temperature below 10 C. Outdoor wet-bulb temperature = {:.2R}",
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                   OutdoorWetBulb);
                         DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowAmbBuffer2 =
                             " ... Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " + CurMnDy + ' ' + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
                     }
@@ -8781,18 +8892,21 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     if (TotCapTempModFac < 0.0) {
                         if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CCapFTempErrorIndex == 0) {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\":");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " Total Cooling Capacity Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(TotCapTempModFac, 3) + ").");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format(" Total Cooling Capacity Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).",
+                                                     TotCapTempModFac));
                             if (state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CCapFTemp(Mode)).NumDims == 2) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using a condenser inlet air temperature of " +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) + " and an inlet air wet-bulb temperature of " +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(InletAirWetBulbC, 1) + '.');
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format(" Negative value occurs using a condenser inlet air temperature of {:.1T} and an inlet air "
+                                                         "wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T}.",
+                                                         CondInletTemp,
+                                                         InletAirWetBulbC));
                             } else {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using a condenser inlet air temperature of " +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) + '.');
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format(" Negative value occurs using a condenser inlet air temperature of {:.1T}.", CondInletTemp));
                             }
                             if (Mode > 1) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, " Negative output results from stage " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " compressor operation.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative output results from stage {} compressor operation.", Mode));
                             }
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                         }
@@ -8811,12 +8925,14 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     if (TotCapFlowModFac < 0.0) {
                         if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CCapFFlowErrorIndex == 0) {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\":");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " Total Cooling Capacity Modifier curve (function of flow fraction) output is negative (" +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(TotCapFlowModFac, 3) + ").");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an air flow fraction of " + TrimSigDigits(AirMassFlowRatio, 3) + '.');
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format(" Total Cooling Capacity Modifier curve (function of flow fraction) output is negative ({:.3T}).",
+                                       TotCapFlowModFac));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative value occurs using an air flow fraction of {:.3T}.", AirMassFlowRatio));
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                             if (Mode > 1) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, " Negative output results from stage " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " compressor operation.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative output results from stage {} compressor operation.", Mode));
                             }
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -8885,14 +9001,12 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType_Num == CoilDX_HeatPumpWaterHeaterPumped ||
                         DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType_Num == CoilDX_HeatPumpWaterHeaterWrapped) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", PLF curve value");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The PLF curve value = " + TrimSigDigits(PLF, 3) +
-                                          " for part-load ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(PartLoadRatio, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The PLF curve value = {:.3T} for part-load ratio = {:.3T}", PLF, PartLoadRatio));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "PLF curve values must be >= 0.7. PLF has been reset to 0.7 and simulation is continuing.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "].");
                     } else {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", PLF curve value");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The PLF curve value = " + TrimSigDigits(PLF, 3) +
-                                          " for part-load ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(PartLoadRatio, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The PLF curve value = {:.3T} for part-load ratio = {:.3T}", PLF, PartLoadRatio));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "PLF curve values must be >= 0.7. PLF has been reset to 0.7 and simulation is continuing.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "].");
                     }
@@ -8921,15 +9035,15 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType_Num == CoilDX_HeatPumpWaterHeaterPumped ||
                         DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType_Num == CoilDX_HeatPumpWaterHeaterWrapped) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", runtime fraction");
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, "The runtime fraction exceeded 1.0. [" + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction, 4) +
-                                           "].");
+                        ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                           format("The runtime fraction exceeded 1.0. [{:.4R}].", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Runtime fraction reset to 1 and the simulation will continue.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "].");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     } else {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", runtime fraction");
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, "The runtime fraction exceeded 1.0. [" + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction, 4) +
-                                           "].");
+                        ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                           format("The runtime fraction exceeded 1.0. [{:.4R}].", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Runtime fraction reset to 1 and the simulation will continue.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "].");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -9001,10 +9115,11 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).FullLoadOutAirTempLast = FullLoadOutAirTemp;
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutletTempIndex == 0) {
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).FullLoadInletAirTempLast = InletAirDryBulbTemp;
-                    DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer1 = DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                                          "\" - Full load outlet air dry-bulb temperature < 2C. This indicates the possibility of "
-                                                          "coil frost/freeze. Outlet temperature = " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(FullLoadOutAirTemp, 2) + " C.";
+                    DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer1 = format("{} \"{}\" - Full load outlet air dry-bulb temperature < 2C. This indicates the "
+                                                                 "possibility of coil frost/freeze. Outlet temperature = {:.2R} C.",
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                                 FullLoadOutAirTemp);
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer2 =
                         " ...Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " + CurMnDy + ' ' + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
                 }
@@ -9154,17 +9269,21 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 if (EIRTempModFac < 0.0) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EIRFTempErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(EIRTempModFac, 3) + ").");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format(" Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).", EIRTempModFac));
                         if (state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EIRFTemp(Mode)).NumDims == 2) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using a condenser inlet air temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) +
-                                              " and an inlet air wet-bulb temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirWetBulbC, 1) + '.');
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format(" Negative value occurs using a condenser inlet air temperature of {:.1T} and an inlet air "
+                                                     "wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T}.",
+                                                     CondInletTemp,
+                                                     InletAirWetBulbC));
                         } else {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using a condenser inlet air temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) +
-                                              '.');
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format(" Negative value occurs using a condenser inlet air temperature of {:.1T}.", CondInletTemp));
                         }
                         if (Mode > 1) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " Negative output results from stage " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " compressor operation.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative output results from stage {} compressor operation.", Mode));
                         }
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
@@ -9183,12 +9302,13 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 if (EIRFlowModFac < 0.0) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EIRFFlowErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "=\"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of flow fraction) output is negative (" +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(EIRFlowModFac, 3) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an air flow fraction of " + TrimSigDigits(AirMassFlowRatio, 3) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format(" Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of flow fraction) output is negative ({:.3T}).", EIRFlowModFac));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative value occurs using an air flow fraction of {:.3T}.", AirMassFlowRatio));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                         if (Mode > 1) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " Negative output results from stage " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " compressor operation.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative output results from stage {} compressor operation.", Mode));
                         }
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -9384,8 +9504,6 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
         using General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
         //  REAL(r64), INTENT(IN), OPTIONAL :: CoolingHeatingPLR   ! used for cycling fan RH control
@@ -9586,8 +9704,9 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer1);
                     ShowContinueError(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer2);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... Possible reasons for low outlet air dry-bulb temperatures are: This DX coil");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "   1) may have a low inlet air dry-bulb temperature. Inlet air temperature = " +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).FullLoadInletAirTempLast, 3) + " C.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("   1) may have a low inlet air dry-bulb temperature. Inlet air temperature = {:.3T} C.",
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).FullLoadInletAirTempLast));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "   2) may have a low air flow rate per watt of cooling capacity. Check inputs.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "   3) is used as part of a HX assisted cooling coil which uses a high sensible effectiveness. Check inputs.");
                 }
@@ -9632,28 +9751,33 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (!FirstHVACIteration && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag &&
                 ((VolFlowperRatedTotCap < MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) || (VolFlowperRatedTotCap > MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)))) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).ErrIndex1 == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                       "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at " +
-                                       RoundSigDigits(VolFlowperRatedTotCap, 3) + " m3/s/W.");
+                    ShowWarningMessage(
+                        state,
+                        format("{} \"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at {:.3R} m3/s/W.",
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                               VolFlowperRatedTotCap));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "--" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + ']');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[{:.3R}--{:.3R}]",
+                                             MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                             MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Possible causes include inconsistent air flow rates in system components,");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...or mixing manual inputs with autosize inputs. Also check the following values and calculations.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Volume Flow Rate per Rated Total Capacity = Volume Flow Rate / Rated Total Capacity");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Volume Flow Rate = Air Mass Flow Rate / Air Density");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Data used for calculations:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Rated Total Capacity = " + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap(Mode), 2) + " W.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Rated Total Capacity = {:.2R} W.", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap(Mode)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Volume Flow Rate = Air Mass Flow Rate / Air Density");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Volume Flow Rate   = " + RoundSigDigits(AirVolumeFlowRate, 8) + " m3/s.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Mass Flow Rate = " + RoundSigDigits(AirMassFlow, 8) + " kg/s.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Density        = " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW(state, OutdoorPressure, InletAirDryBulbTemp, InletAirHumRat), 8) + " kg/m3.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Volume Flow Rate   = {:.8R} m3/s.", AirVolumeFlowRate));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air Mass Flow Rate = {:.8R} kg/s.", AirMassFlow));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Air Density        = {:.8R} kg/m3.",
+                                             PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW(state, OutdoorPressure, InletAirDryBulbTemp, InletAirHumRat)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Data used for air density calculation:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Outdoor Air Pressure     = " + RoundSigDigits(OutdoorPressure, 3) + " Pa.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Inlet Air Dry-Bulb Temp  = " + RoundSigDigits(InletAirDryBulbTemp, 3) + " C.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Inlet Air Humidity Ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(InletAirHumRat, 8) + " kgWater/kgDryAir.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Outdoor Air Pressure     = {:.3R} Pa.", OutdoorPressure));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Inlet Air Dry-Bulb Temp  = {:.3R} C.", InletAirDryBulbTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Inlet Air Humidity Ratio = {:.8R} kgWater/kgDryAir.", InletAirHumRat));
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
@@ -9683,10 +9807,12 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PrintLowAmbMessage = true;
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowTempLast = OutdoorDryBulb;
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowAmbErrIndex == 0) {
-                    DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowAmbBuffer1 = DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                                      "\" - Condenser inlet temperature below " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MinOATCompressor, 2) +
-                                                      " C. Condenser inlet temperature = " + RoundSigDigits(OutdoorDryBulb, 2);
+                    DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowAmbBuffer1 =
+                        format("{} \"{}\" - Condenser inlet temperature below {:.2R} C. Condenser inlet temperature = {:.2R}",
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MinOATCompressor,
+                               OutdoorDryBulb);
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowAmbBuffer2 =
                         " ... Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " + CurMnDy + ' ' + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
                 }
@@ -9698,8 +9824,11 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HighTempLast = OutdoorDryBulb;
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HighAmbErrIndex == 0) {
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HighAmbBuffer1 =
-                        DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\" - Condenser inlet temperature above " +
-                        RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MaxOATCompressor, 2) + " C. Condenser temperature = " + RoundSigDigits(OutdoorDryBulb, 2);
+                        format("{} \"{}\" - Condenser inlet temperature above {:.2R} C. Condenser temperature = {:.2R}",
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MaxOATCompressor,
+                               OutdoorDryBulb);
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HighAmbBuffer2 =
                         " ... Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " + CurMnDy + ' ' + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
                 }
@@ -9717,12 +9846,17 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (TotCapTempModFac < 0.0) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CCapFTempErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Total Cooling Capacity Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(TotCapTempModFac, 3) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using a condenser inlet temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) +
-                                      " and an inlet air wet-bulb temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirWetBulbC, 1) + '.');
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format(" Total Cooling Capacity Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).", TotCapTempModFac));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format(
+                            " Negative value occurs using a condenser inlet temperature of {:.1T} and an inlet air wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T}.",
+                            CondInletTemp,
+                            InletAirWetBulbC));
                     if (Mode > 1) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Negative output results from stage " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " compressor operation.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative output results from stage {} compressor operation.", Mode));
                     }
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                 }
@@ -9743,12 +9877,13 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             if (TotCapFlowModFac < 0.0) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CCapFFlowErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Total Cooling Capacity Modifier curve (function of flow fraction) output is negative (" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(TotCapFlowModFac, 3) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an air flow fraction of " + TrimSigDigits(AirMassFlowRatio, 3) + '.');
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format(" Total Cooling Capacity Modifier curve (function of flow fraction) output is negative ({:.3T}).", TotCapFlowModFac));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative value occurs using an air flow fraction of {:.3T}.", AirMassFlowRatio));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     if (Mode > 1) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Negative output results from stage " + TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " compressor operation.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format(" Negative output results from stage {} compressor operation.", Mode));
                     }
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -9806,8 +9941,11 @@ namespace DXCoils {
 
             if (PLF < 0.7) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).ErrIndex2 == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "The PLF curve value for the DX cooling coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " =" + RoundSigDigits(PLF, 3) +
-                                       " for part-load ratio =" + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadRatio, 3));
+                    ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                       format("The PLF curve value for the DX cooling coil {} ={:.3R} for part-load ratio ={:.3R}",
+                                              DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                              PLF,
+                                              PartLoadRatio));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "PLF curve values must be >= 0.7. PLF has been reset to 0.7 and simulation is continuing.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Cooling:DX:SingleSpeed].");
                 }
@@ -9820,8 +9958,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction = CompCycRatio / PLF;
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction > 1.0 && std::abs(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction - 1.0) > 0.001) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).ErrIndex3 == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "The runtime fraction for DX cooling coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " exceeded 1.0. [" +
-                                       RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction, 4) + "].");
+                    ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                       format("The runtime fraction for DX cooling coil {} exceeded 1.0. [{:.4R}].",
+                                              DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                              DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Runtime fraction reset to 1 and the simulation will continue.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Cooling:DX:SingleSpeed].");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -9869,10 +10009,11 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).FullLoadOutAirTempLast = FullLoadOutAirTemp;
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutletTempIndex == 0) {
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).FullLoadInletAirTempLast = InletAirDryBulbTemp;
-                    DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer1 = DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                                          "\" - Full load outlet air dry-bulb temperature < 2C. This indicates the possibility of "
-                                                          "coil frost/freeze. Outlet temperature = " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(FullLoadOutAirTemp, 2) + " C.";
+                    DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer1 = format("{} \"{}\" - Full load outlet air dry-bulb temperature < 2C. This indicates the "
+                                                                 "possibility of coil frost/freeze. Outlet temperature = {:.2R} C.",
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                                 FullLoadOutAirTemp);
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer2 =
                         " ...Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " + CurMnDy + ' ' + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
                 }
@@ -10037,7 +10178,6 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         using CurveManager::CurveValue;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::ZoneAirHumRat;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::ZT;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("CalcDXHeatingCoil");
@@ -10168,12 +10308,17 @@ namespace DXCoils {
 
             if ((VolFlowperRatedTotCap < MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) || (VolFlowperRatedTotCap > MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT))) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).ErrIndex1 == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                       "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range at " +
-                                       RoundSigDigits(VolFlowperRatedTotCap, 3) + " m3/s/W.");
+                    ShowWarningMessage(
+                        state,
+                        format("{} \"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range at {:.3R} m3/s/W.",
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                               DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                               VolFlowperRatedTotCap));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) +
-                                      "--" + RoundSigDigits(MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + ']');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[{:.3R}--{:.3R}]",
+                                             MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                             MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Possible causes include inconsistent air flow rates in system components or");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "inconsistent supply air fan operation modes in coil and unitary system objects.");
                 }
@@ -10223,8 +10368,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
 
             if (TotCapTempModFac < 0.0) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CAPFTErrIndex == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "The TotCapTempModFac curve value for DX heating coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " =" +
-                                       RoundSigDigits(TotCapTempModFac, 2));
+                    ShowWarningMessage(
+                        state, format("The TotCapTempModFac curve value for DX heating coil {} ={:.2R}", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name, TotCapTempModFac));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "TotCapTempModFac curve value must be > 0. TotCapTempModFac curve value has been reset to 0.0 and "
                                       "simulation is continuing.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for TotCapTempModFac curve guidance [ " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " ].");
@@ -10340,8 +10485,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
 
             if (EIRTempModFac < 0.0) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).EIRFTErrIndex == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "The EIRTempModFac curve value for DX heating coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " =" +
-                                       RoundSigDigits(EIRTempModFac, 2));
+                    ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                       format("The EIRTempModFac curve value for DX heating coil {} ={:.2R}", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name, EIRTempModFac));
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         "EIRTempModFac curve value must be > 0.  EIRTempModFac curve value has been reset to 0.0 and simulation is continuing.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for EIRTempModFac curve guidance [ " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " ].");
@@ -10369,8 +10514,11 @@ namespace DXCoils {
 
             if (PLF < 0.7) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLRErrIndex == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "The PLF curve value for DX heating coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " =" + RoundSigDigits(PLF, 2) +
-                                       " for part-load ratio =" + RoundSigDigits(PLRHeating, 2));
+                    ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                       format("The PLF curve value for DX heating coil {} ={:.2R} for part-load ratio ={:.2R}",
+                                              DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                              PLF,
+                                              PLRHeating));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "PLF curve values must be >= 0.7. PLF has been reset to 0.7 and simulation is continuing.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Heating:DX:SingleSpeed].");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -10382,8 +10530,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction = (PLRHeating / PLF);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction > 1.0 && std::abs(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction - 1.0) > 0.001) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).ErrIndex4 == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "The runtime fraction for DX heating coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " exceeded 1.0. [" +
-                                       RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction, 4) + "].");
+                    ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                       format("The runtime fraction for DX heating coil {} exceeded 1.0. [{:.4R}].",
+                                              DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                              DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Runtime fraction is set to 1.0 and the simulation continues...");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Heating:DX:SingleSpeed].");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -11091,7 +11241,6 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         // conditions. From this information, coil bypass factor is calculated.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         Real64 CBF(0.0); // the result - the coil bypass factor
@@ -11145,18 +11294,19 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             ShowContinueError(state, "capacity, increase the rated air volume flow rate, or reduce the rated sensible heat ratio for this coil.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "If autosizing, it is recommended that all three of these values be autosized.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "...Inputs used for calculating cooling coil bypass factor.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Inlet Air Temperature     = " + RoundSigDigits(InletAirTemp, 2) + " C");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Outlet Air Temperature    = " + RoundSigDigits(OutletAirTemp, 2) + " C");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Inlet Air Humidity Ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits(InletAirHumRat, 6) + " kgWater/kgDryAir");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Outlet Air Humidity Ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(OutletAirHumRat, 6) + " kgWater/kgDryAir");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Total Cooling Capacity used in calculation = " + RoundSigDigits(TotCap, 2) + " W");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Mass Flow Rate used in calculation     = " + RoundSigDigits(AirMassFlowRate, 6) + " kg/s");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Volume Flow Rate used in calculation   = " + RoundSigDigits(AirVolFlowRate, 6) + " m3/s");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Inlet Air Temperature     = {:.2R} C", InletAirTemp));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Outlet Air Temperature    = {:.2R} C", OutletAirTemp));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Inlet Air Humidity Ratio  = {:.6R} kgWater/kgDryAir", InletAirHumRat));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Outlet Air Humidity Ratio = {:.6R} kgWater/kgDryAir", OutletAirHumRat));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Total Cooling Capacity used in calculation = {:.2R} W", TotCap));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air Mass Flow Rate used in calculation     = {:.6R} kg/s", AirMassFlowRate));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air Volume Flow Rate used in calculation   = {:.6R} m3/s", AirVolFlowRate));
             if (TotCap > 0.0) {
                 if (((MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT) - AirVolFlowRate / TotCap) > SmallDifferenceTest) ||
                     ((AirVolFlowRate / TotCap - MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) > SmallDifferenceTest)) {
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Volume Flow Rate per Watt of Rated Cooling Capacity is also out of bounds at = " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(AirVolFlowRate / TotCap, 7) + " m3/s/W");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Air Volume Flow Rate per Watt of Rated Cooling Capacity is also out of bounds at = {:.7R} m3/s/W",
+                                             AirVolFlowRate / TotCap));
                 }
             }
             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -11168,8 +11318,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 HTinHumRatOut = PsyHFnTdbW(InletAirTemp, OutletAirHumRat);
                 adjustedSHR = (HTinHumRatOut - OutletAirEnthalpy) / DeltaH;
                 ShowContinueError(state, "CalcCBF: SHR adjusted to achieve valid outlet air properties and the simulation continues.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "CalcCBF: initial SHR = " + RoundSigDigits(SHR, 5));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "CalcCBF: adjusted SHR = " + RoundSigDigits(adjustedSHR, 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("CalcCBF: initial SHR = {:.5R}", SHR));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("CalcCBF: adjusted SHR = {:.5R}", adjustedSHR));
             }
         }
         DeltaT = InletAirTemp - OutletAirTemp;
@@ -11181,18 +11331,19 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             ShowContinueError(state, "capacity, rated air volume flow rate, or rated sensible heat ratio for this coil.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "If autosizing, it is recommended that all three of these values be autosized.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "...Inputs used for calculating cooling coil bypass factor.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Inlet Air Temperature     = " + RoundSigDigits(InletAirTemp, 2) + " C");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Outlet Air Temperature    = " + RoundSigDigits(OutletAirTemp, 2) + " C");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Inlet Air Humidity Ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits(InletAirHumRat, 6) + " kgWater/kgDryAir");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Outlet Air Humidity Ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(OutletAirHumRat, 6) + " kgWater/kgDryAir");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Total Cooling Capacity used in calculation = " + RoundSigDigits(TotCap, 2) + " W");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Mass Flow Rate used in calculation     = " + RoundSigDigits(AirMassFlowRate, 6) + " kg/s");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Volume Flow Rate used in calculation   = " + RoundSigDigits(AirVolFlowRate, 6) + " m3/s");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Inlet Air Temperature     = {:.2R} C", InletAirTemp));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Outlet Air Temperature    = {:.2R} C", OutletAirTemp));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Inlet Air Humidity Ratio  = {:.6R} kgWater/kgDryAir", InletAirHumRat));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Outlet Air Humidity Ratio = {:.6R} kgWater/kgDryAir", OutletAirHumRat));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Total Cooling Capacity used in calculation = {:.2R} W", TotCap));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air Mass Flow Rate used in calculation     = {:.6R} kg/s", AirMassFlowRate));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air Volume Flow Rate used in calculation   = {:.6R} m3/s", AirVolFlowRate));
             if (TotCap > 0.0) {
                 if (((MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT) - AirVolFlowRate / TotCap) > SmallDifferenceTest) ||
                     ((AirVolFlowRate / TotCap - MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) > SmallDifferenceTest)) {
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Volume Flow Rate per Watt of Rated Cooling Capacity is also out of bounds at = " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(AirVolFlowRate / TotCap, 7) + " m3/s/W");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Air Volume Flow Rate per Watt of Rated Cooling Capacity is also out of bounds at = {:.7R} m3/s/W",
+                                             AirVolFlowRate / TotCap));
                 }
             }
             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -11207,19 +11358,20 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             //   outlet air humidity ratio can't be less than zero.
             ShowSevereError(state, UnitType + " \"" + UnitName + "\"");
             ShowContinueError(state, "...Invalid slope or outlet air condition when calculating cooling coil bypass factor.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Slope = " + RoundSigDigits(SlopeAtConds, 8));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Inlet Air Temperature     = " + RoundSigDigits(InletAirTemp, 2) + " C");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Outlet Air Temperature    = " + RoundSigDigits(OutletAirTemp, 2) + " C");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Inlet Air Humidity Ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits(InletAirHumRat, 6) + " kgWater/kgDryAir");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Outlet Air Humidity Ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(OutletAirHumRat, 6) + " kgWater/kgDryAir");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Total Cooling Capacity used in calculation = " + RoundSigDigits(TotCap, 2) + " W");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Mass Flow Rate used in calculation     = " + RoundSigDigits(AirMassFlowRate, 6) + " kg/s");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Volume Flow Rate used in calculation   = " + RoundSigDigits(AirVolFlowRate, 6) + " m3/s");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Slope = {:.8R}", SlopeAtConds));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Inlet Air Temperature     = {:.2R} C", InletAirTemp));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Outlet Air Temperature    = {:.2R} C", OutletAirTemp));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Inlet Air Humidity Ratio  = {:.6R} kgWater/kgDryAir", InletAirHumRat));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Outlet Air Humidity Ratio = {:.6R} kgWater/kgDryAir", OutletAirHumRat));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Total Cooling Capacity used in calculation = {:.2R} W", TotCap));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air Mass Flow Rate used in calculation     = {:.6R} kg/s", AirMassFlowRate));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air Volume Flow Rate used in calculation   = {:.6R} m3/s", AirVolFlowRate));
             if (TotCap > 0.0) {
                 if (((MinRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT) - AirVolFlowRate / TotCap) > SmallDifferenceTest) ||
                     ((AirVolFlowRate / TotCap - MaxRatedVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) > SmallDifferenceTest)) {
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Volume Flow Rate per Watt of Rated Cooling Capacity is also out of bounds at = " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(AirVolFlowRate / TotCap, 7) + " m3/s/W");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Air Volume Flow Rate per Watt of Rated Cooling Capacity is also out of bounds at = {:.7R} m3/s/W",
+                                             AirVolFlowRate / TotCap));
                 }
             }
             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -11271,7 +11423,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             CBF = min(1.0, (OutletAirEnthalpy - ADPEnthalpy) / (InletAirEnthalpy - ADPEnthalpy));
             if (Iter > IterMax && PrintFlag) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, UnitType + " \"" + UnitName + "\" -- coil bypass factor calculation did not converge after max iterations.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The RatedSHR of [" + RoundSigDigits(SHR, 3) + "], entered by the user or autosized (see *.eio file),");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The RatedSHR of [{:.3R}], entered by the user or autosized (see *.eio file),", SHR));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "may be causing this. The line defined by the coil rated inlet air conditions");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "(26.7C drybulb and 19.4C wetbulb) and the RatedSHR (i.e., slope of the line) must intersect");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "the saturation curve of the psychrometric chart. If the RatedSHR is too low, then this");
@@ -11710,8 +11862,6 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         using DataHVACGlobals::MSHPMassFlowRateHigh;
         using DataHVACGlobals::MSHPMassFlowRateLow;
         using DataHVACGlobals::MSHPWasteHeat;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -11850,15 +12000,20 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 ShowContinueError(state, "When AirMassFlow > 0.0 and CycRatio > 0.0 and SpeedNum > 1, then MSHPMassFlowRateLow and MSHPMassFlowRateHigh "
                                   "must also be > 0.0");
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "AirMassFlow=" + RoundSigDigits(AirMassFlow, 3) + ",CycRatio=" + RoundSigDigits(CycRatio, 3) + ",SpeedNum=" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(double(SpeedNum), 0) + ", MSHPMassFlowRateLow=" + RoundSigDigits(MSHPMassFlowRateLow, 3) +
-                                  ", MSHPMassFlowRateHigh=" + RoundSigDigits(MSHPMassFlowRateHigh, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("AirMassFlow={:.3R},CycRatio={:.3R},SpeedNum={:.0R}, MSHPMassFlowRateLow={:.3R}, MSHPMassFlowRateHigh={:.3R}",
+                           AirMassFlow,
+                           double(SpeedNum),
+                           CycRatio,
+                           MSHPMassFlowRateLow,
+                           MSHPMassFlowRateHigh));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding condition(s) causes termination.");
             } else {
                 ShowContinueError(state, "When AirMassFlow > 0.0 and CycRatio > 0.0, then MSHPMassFlowRateHigh must also be > 0.0");
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "AirMassFlow=" + RoundSigDigits(AirMassFlow, 3) + ",CycRatio=" + RoundSigDigits(CycRatio, 3) +
-                                  ", MSHPMassFlowRateHigh=" + RoundSigDigits(MSHPMassFlowRateHigh, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state, format("AirMassFlow={:.3R},CycRatio={:.3R}, MSHPMassFlowRateHigh={:.3R}", AirMassFlow, CycRatio, MSHPMassFlowRateHigh));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding condition(s) causes termination.");
             }
         } else if (CycRatio > 1.0 || SpeedRatio > 1.0) {
@@ -11866,7 +12021,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                             " Developer error - inconsistent speed ratios.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "CycRatio and SpeedRatio must be between 0.0 and 1.0");
             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "CycRatio=" + RoundSigDigits(CycRatio, 1) + ", SpeedRatio = " + RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 1));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("CycRatio={:.1R}, SpeedRatio = {:.1R}", CycRatio, SpeedRatio));
             ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding condition(s) causes termination.");
         }
 
@@ -11907,24 +12062,29 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 VolFlowperRatedTotCap = AirVolumeFlowRate / DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(SpeedNumLS);
                 if ((VolFlowperRatedTotCap < MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) || (VolFlowperRatedTotCap > MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT))) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumLS) == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                           "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at speed " +
-                                           TrimSigDigits(SpeedNumLS) + '.');
+                        ShowWarningMessage(
+                            state,
+                            format("{} \"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at speed {}.",
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                   SpeedNumLS));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "--" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "] Current value is " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(VolFlowperRatedTotCap, 3) + " m3/s/W");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[{:.3R}--{:.3R}] Current value is {:.3R} m3/s/W",
+                                                 MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 VolFlowperRatedTotCap));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Possible causes include inconsistent air flow rates in system components or");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "inconsistent supply air fan operation modes in coil and unitary system objects.");
                     }
-                    ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
-                        DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                            "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at speed " +
-                            TrimSigDigits(SpeedNumLS) + " error continues...",
-                        DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumLS),
-                        VolFlowperRatedTotCap,
-                        VolFlowperRatedTotCap);
+                    ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("{} \"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range "
+                                                                 "at speed {} error continues...",
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                                 SpeedNumLS),
+                                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumLS),
+                                                   VolFlowperRatedTotCap,
+                                                   VolFlowperRatedTotCap);
                 }
 
                 // Check for valid air volume flow per rated total cooling capacity (200 - 500 cfm/ton) at high speed
@@ -11934,24 +12094,29 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 VolFlowperRatedTotCap = AirVolumeFlowRate / DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(SpeedNumHS);
                 if ((VolFlowperRatedTotCap < MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) || (VolFlowperRatedTotCap > MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT))) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumHS) == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                           "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at speed " +
-                                           TrimSigDigits(SpeedNumHS) + '.');
+                        ShowWarningMessage(
+                            state,
+                            format("{} \"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at speed {}.",
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                   SpeedNumHS));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "--" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "] Current value is " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(VolFlowperRatedTotCap, 3) + " m3/s/W");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[{:.3R}--{:.3R}] Current value is {:.3R} m3/s/W",
+                                                 MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 VolFlowperRatedTotCap));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Possible causes include inconsistent air flow rates in system components or");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "inconsistent supply air fan operation modes in coil and unitary system objects.");
                     }
-                    ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
-                        DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                            "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at speed " +
-                            TrimSigDigits(SpeedNumHS) + " error continues...",
-                        DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumHS),
-                        VolFlowperRatedTotCap,
-                        VolFlowperRatedTotCap);
+                    ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("{} \"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range "
+                                                                 "at speed {} error continues...",
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                                 SpeedNumHS),
+                                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumHS),
+                                                   VolFlowperRatedTotCap,
+                                                   VolFlowperRatedTotCap);
                 }
 
                 // Adjust high speed coil bypass factor for actual maximum air flow rate.
@@ -12229,24 +12394,29 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 VolFlowperRatedTotCap = AirVolumeFlowRate / DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(SpeedNum);
                 if ((VolFlowperRatedTotCap < MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) || (VolFlowperRatedTotCap > MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT))) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNum) == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                           "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at speed " +
-                                           TrimSigDigits(SpeedNum) + '.');
+                        ShowWarningMessage(
+                            state,
+                            format("{} \"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at speed {}.",
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                   SpeedNum));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "--" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "] Current value is " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(VolFlowperRatedTotCap, 3) + " m3/s/W");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[{:.3R}--{:.3R}] Current value is {:.3R} m3/s/W",
+                                                 MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 MaxCoolVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 VolFlowperRatedTotCap));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Possible causes include inconsistent air flow rates in system components or");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "inconsistent supply air fan operation modes in coil and unitary system objects.");
                     }
-                    ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
-                        DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                            "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range at speed " +
-                            TrimSigDigits(SpeedNumHS) + " error continues...",
-                        DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumHS),
-                        VolFlowperRatedTotCap,
-                        VolFlowperRatedTotCap);
+                    ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("{} \"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total cooling capacity is out of range "
+                                                                 "at speed {} error continues...",
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                                 SpeedNumHS),
+                                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumHS),
+                                                   VolFlowperRatedTotCap,
+                                                   VolFlowperRatedTotCap);
                 }
 
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CondenserType(SpeedNum) == EvapCooled) {
@@ -12300,8 +12470,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 PLF = CurveValue(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSPLFFPLR(SpeedNum), CycRatio);
                 if (FanOpMode == CycFanCycCoil && CycRatio == 1.0 && PLF != 1.0) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFErrIndex == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, "The PLF curve value for DX cooling coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " =" + RoundSigDigits(PLF, 2) +
-                                           " for part-load ratio = 1");
+                        ShowWarningMessage(
+                            state, format("The PLF curve value for DX cooling coil {} ={:.2R} for part-load ratio = 1", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name, PLF));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "PLF curve value must be = 1.0 and has been reset to 1.0. Simulation is continuing.");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     }
@@ -12541,8 +12711,6 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         using DataHVACGlobals::MSHPMassFlowRateHigh;
         using DataHVACGlobals::MSHPMassFlowRateLow;
         using DataHVACGlobals::MSHPWasteHeat;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
         // SpeedRatio varies between 1.0 (maximum speed) and 0.0 (minimum speed)
@@ -12636,15 +12804,20 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 ShowContinueError(state, "When AirMassFlow > 0.0 and CycRatio > 0.0 and SpeedNum > 1, then MSHPMassFlowRateLow and MSHPMassFlowRateHigh "
                                   "must also be > 0.0");
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "AirMassFlow=" + RoundSigDigits(AirMassFlow, 3) + ",CycRatio=" + RoundSigDigits(CycRatio, 3) + ",SpeedNum=" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(double(SpeedNum), 0) + ", MSHPMassFlowRateLow=" + RoundSigDigits(MSHPMassFlowRateLow, 3) +
-                                  ", MSHPMassFlowRateHigh=" + RoundSigDigits(MSHPMassFlowRateHigh, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("AirMassFlow={:.3R},CycRatio={:.3R},SpeedNum={:.0R}, MSHPMassFlowRateLow={:.3R}, MSHPMassFlowRateHigh={:.3R}",
+                           AirMassFlow,
+                           double(SpeedNum),
+                           CycRatio,
+                           MSHPMassFlowRateLow,
+                           MSHPMassFlowRateHigh));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding condition(s) causes termination.");
             } else {
                 ShowContinueError(state, "When AirMassFlow > 0.0 and CycRatio > 0.0, then MSHPMassFlowRateHigh must also be > 0.0");
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "AirMassFlow=" + RoundSigDigits(AirMassFlow, 3) + ",CycRatio=" + RoundSigDigits(CycRatio, 3) +
-                                  ", MSHPMassFlowRateHigh=" + RoundSigDigits(MSHPMassFlowRateHigh, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state, format("AirMassFlow={:.3R},CycRatio={:.3R}, MSHPMassFlowRateHigh={:.3R}", AirMassFlow, CycRatio, MSHPMassFlowRateHigh));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding condition(s) causes termination.");
             }
         } else if (CycRatio > 1.0 || SpeedRatio > 1.0) {
@@ -12652,7 +12825,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                             " Developer error - inconsistent speed ratios.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "CycRatio and SpeedRatio must be between 0.0 and 1.0");
             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "CycRatio=" + RoundSigDigits(CycRatio, 1) + ", SpeedRatio = " + RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 1));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("CycRatio={:.1R}, SpeedRatio = {:.1R}", CycRatio, SpeedRatio));
             ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding condition(s) causes termination.");
         }
 
@@ -12718,24 +12891,29 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 VolFlowperRatedTotCap = AirVolumeFlowRate / DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(SpeedNumLS);
                 if ((VolFlowperRatedTotCap < MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) || (VolFlowperRatedTotCap > MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT))) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumLS) == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                           "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range at speed " +
-                                           TrimSigDigits(SpeedNumLS) + '.');
+                        ShowWarningMessage(
+                            state,
+                            format("{} \"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range at speed {}.",
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                   SpeedNumLS));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "--" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "] Current value is " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(VolFlowperRatedTotCap, 3) + " m3/s/W");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[{:.3R}--{:.3R}] Current value is {:.3R} m3/s/W",
+                                                 MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 VolFlowperRatedTotCap));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Possible causes include inconsistent air flow rates in system components or");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "inconsistent supply air fan operation modes in coil and unitary system objects.");
                     }
-                    ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
-                        DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                            "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range at speed " +
-                            TrimSigDigits(SpeedNumLS) + " error continues...",
-                        DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumLS),
-                        VolFlowperRatedTotCap,
-                        VolFlowperRatedTotCap);
+                    ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("{} \"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range "
+                                                                 "at speed {} error continues...",
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                                 SpeedNumLS),
+                                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumLS),
+                                                   VolFlowperRatedTotCap,
+                                                   VolFlowperRatedTotCap);
                 }
 
                 // Check for valid air volume flow per rated total cooling capacity (200 - 600 cfm/ton) at high speed
@@ -12745,24 +12923,29 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 VolFlowperRatedTotCap = AirVolumeFlowRate / DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(SpeedNumHS);
                 if ((VolFlowperRatedTotCap < MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT)) || (VolFlowperRatedTotCap > MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT))) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumHS) == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                           "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range at speed " +
-                                           TrimSigDigits(SpeedNumHS) + '.');
+                        ShowWarningMessage(
+                            state,
+                            format("{} \"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range at speed {}.",
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                   SpeedNumHS));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "--" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "] Current value is " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(VolFlowperRatedTotCap, 3) + " m3/s/W");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[{:.3R}--{:.3R}] Current value is {:.3R} m3/s/W",
+                                                 MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 VolFlowperRatedTotCap));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Possible causes include inconsistent air flow rates in system components or");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "inconsistent supply air fan operation modes in coil and unitary system objects.");
                     }
-                    ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
-                        DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                            "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range at speed " +
-                            TrimSigDigits(SpeedNumHS) + " error continues...",
-                        DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumHS),
-                        VolFlowperRatedTotCap,
-                        VolFlowperRatedTotCap);
+                    ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("{} \"{}\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range "
+                                                                 "at speed {} error continues...",
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                                 SpeedNumHS),
+                                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSErrIndex(SpeedNumHS),
+                                                   VolFlowperRatedTotCap,
+                                                   VolFlowperRatedTotCap);
                 }
 
                 // Get total capacity modifying factor (function of temperature) for off-rated conditions
@@ -12867,8 +13050,12 @@ namespace DXCoils {
 
                 if (PLF < 0.7) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLRErrIndex == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, "The PLF curve value at high speed for DX multispeed heating coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " =" +
-                                           RoundSigDigits(PLF, 2) + " for part-load ratio =" + RoundSigDigits(PLRHeating, 2));
+                        ShowWarningMessage(
+                            state,
+                            format("The PLF curve value at high speed for DX multispeed heating coil {} ={:.2R} for part-load ratio ={:.2R}",
+                                   DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                   PLF,
+                                   PLRHeating));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "PLF curve values must be >= 0.7. PLF has been reset to 0.7 and simulation is continuing.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Heating:DX:MultiSpeed].");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -12880,8 +13067,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction = (PLRHeating / PLF);
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction > 1.0 && std::abs(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction - 1.0) > 0.001) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).ErrIndex4 == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, "The runtime fraction at high speed for DX multispeed heating coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                           " exceeded 1.0. [" + RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction, 4) + "].");
+                        ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                           format("The runtime fraction at high speed for DX multispeed heating coil {} exceeded 1.0. [{:.4R}].",
+                                                  DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                  DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Runtime fraction is set to 1.0 and the simulation continues...");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Heating:DX:SingleSpeed].");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -12984,10 +13173,11 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
                                            "\" - Air volume flow rate per watt of rated total heating capacity is out of range at speed 1.");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "--" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT), 3) + "] Current value is " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(VolFlowperRatedTotCap, 3) + " m3/s/W");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Expected range for VolumeFlowPerRatedTotalCapacity=[{:.3R}--{:.3R}] Current value is {:.3R} m3/s/W",
+                                                 MinOperVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 MaxHeatVolFlowPerRatedTotCap(DXCT),
+                                                 VolFlowperRatedTotCap));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Possible causes include inconsistent air flow rates in system components or");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "inconsistent supply air fan operation modes in coil and unitary system objects.");
                     }
@@ -13096,8 +13286,8 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 PLF = CurveValue(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).MSPLFFPLR(1), PLRHeating); // Calculate part-load factor
                 if (FanOpMode == CycFanCycCoil && CycRatio == 1.0 && PLF != 1.0) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLFErrIndex == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, "The PLF curve value for DX heating coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " =" + RoundSigDigits(PLF, 2) +
-                                           " for part-load ratio = 1");
+                        ShowWarningMessage(
+                            state, format("The PLF curve value for DX heating coil {} ={:.2R} for part-load ratio = 1", DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name, PLF));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "PLF curve value must be = 1.0 and has been reset to 1.0. Simulation is continuing.");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     }
@@ -13110,8 +13300,11 @@ namespace DXCoils {
 
                 if (PLF < 0.7) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLRErrIndex == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, "The PLF curve value for DX heating coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " =" + RoundSigDigits(PLF, 2) +
-                                           " for part-load ratio =" + RoundSigDigits(PLRHeating, 2));
+                        ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                           format("The PLF curve value for DX heating coil {} ={:.2R} for part-load ratio ={:.2R}",
+                                                  DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                  PLF,
+                                                  PLRHeating));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "PLF curve values must be >= 0.7. PLF has been reset to 0.7 and simulation is continuing.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Heating:DX:SingleSpeed].");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -13123,8 +13316,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction = (PLRHeating / PLF);
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction > 1.0 && std::abs(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction - 1.0) > 0.001) {
                     if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).ErrIndex4 == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, "The runtime fraction for DX heating coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " exceeded 1.0. [" +
-                                           RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction, 4) + "].");
+                        ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                           format("The runtime fraction for DX heating coil {} exceeded 1.0. [{:.4R}].",
+                                                  DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                  DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Runtime fraction is set to 1.0 and the simulation continues...");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Heating:DX:SingleSpeed].");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -13419,7 +13614,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using CurveManager::CurveValue;
         using DataEnvironment::OutBaroPress;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
@@ -14991,7 +15186,6 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         // Also, this is an illustration of setting Data from an outside source.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Obtains and Allocates DXCoils
         if (GetCoilsInputFlag) {
@@ -15000,8 +15194,9 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         }
 
         if (DXCoilNum <= 0 || DXCoilNum > NumDXCoils) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "SetDXCoolingCoilData: called with DX Cooling Coil Number out of range=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                            " should be >0 and <" + TrimSigDigits(NumDXCoils));
+            ShowSevereError(
+                state,
+                format("SetDXCoolingCoilData: called with DX Cooling Coil Number out of range={} should be >0 and <{}", DXCoilNum, NumDXCoils));
             ErrorsFound = true;
             return;
         }
@@ -15673,8 +15868,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
         using General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow::OACompOffMassFlow;
         using HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow::OACompOnMassFlow;
         using namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow;
@@ -15849,8 +16043,9 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer1);
                     ShowContinueError(state, DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer2);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... Possible reasons for low outlet air dry-bulb temperatures are: This DX coil");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "   1) may have a low inlet air dry-bulb temperature. Inlet air temperature = " +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).FullLoadInletAirTempLast, 3) + " C.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("   1) may have a low inlet air dry-bulb temperature. Inlet air temperature = {:.3T} C.",
+                                             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).FullLoadInletAirTempLast));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "   2) may have a low air flow rate per watt of cooling capacity. Check inputs.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "   3) is used as part of a HX assisted cooling coil which uses a high sensible effectiveness. Check inputs.");
                 }
@@ -15979,8 +16174,11 @@ namespace DXCoils {
 
             if (PLF < 0.7) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).ErrIndex2 == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "The PLF curve value for the DX cooling coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " =" + RoundSigDigits(PLF, 3) +
-                                       " for part-load ratio =" + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadRatio, 3));
+                    ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                       format("The PLF curve value for the DX cooling coil {} ={:.3R} for part-load ratio ={:.3R}",
+                                              DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                              PLF,
+                                              PartLoadRatio));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "PLF curve values must be >= 0.7. PLF has been reset to 0.7 and simulation is continuing.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Cooling:DX:SingleSpeed].");
                 }
@@ -15993,8 +16191,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction = CompCycRatio / PLF;
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction > 1.0 && std::abs(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction - 1.0) > 0.001) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).ErrIndex3 == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "The runtime fraction for DX cooling coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " exceeded 1.0. [" +
-                                       RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction, 4) + "].");
+                    ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                       format("The runtime fraction for DX cooling coil {} exceeded 1.0. [{:.4R}].",
+                                              DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                              DXCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolingCoilRuntimeFraction));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Runtime fraction reset to 1 and the simulation will continue.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Cooling:DX:SingleSpeed].");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -16030,10 +16230,11 @@ namespace DXCoils {
                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).FullLoadOutAirTempLast = OutletAirTemp;
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutletTempIndex == 0) {
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).FullLoadInletAirTempLast = InletAirDryBulbTemp;
-                    DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer1 = DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + " \"" + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                                          "\" - Full load outlet air dry-bulb temperature < 2C. This indicates the possibility of "
-                                                          "coil frost/freeze. Outlet temperature = " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(OutletAirTemp, 2) + " C.";
+                    DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer1 = format("{} \"{}\" - Full load outlet air dry-bulb temperature < 2C. This indicates the "
+                                                                 "possibility of coil frost/freeze. Outlet temperature = {:.2R} C.",
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).DXCoilType,
+                                                                 DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                                                 OutletAirTemp);
                     DXCoil(DXCoilNum).LowOutTempBuffer2 =
                         " ...Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " + CurMnDy + " " + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
                 }
@@ -16121,7 +16322,7 @@ namespace DXCoils {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using CurveManager::CurveValue;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow::OACompOffMassFlow;
         using HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow::OACompOnMassFlow;
         using namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow;
@@ -16307,8 +16508,11 @@ namespace DXCoils {
 
             if (PLF < 0.7) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).PLRErrIndex == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "The PLF curve value for DX heating coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " =" + RoundSigDigits(PLF, 2) +
-                                       " for part-load ratio =" + RoundSigDigits(PLRHeating, 2));
+                    ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                       format("The PLF curve value for DX heating coil {} ={:.2R} for part-load ratio ={:.2R}",
+                                              DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                              PLF,
+                                              PLRHeating));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "PLF curve values must be >= 0.7. PLF has been reset to 0.7 and simulation is continuing.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Heating:DX:SingleSpeed].");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -16320,8 +16524,10 @@ namespace DXCoils {
             DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction = (PLRHeating / PLF);
             if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction > 1.0 && std::abs(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction - 1.0) > 0.001) {
                 if (DXCoil(DXCoilNum).ErrIndex4 == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "The runtime fraction for DX heating coil " + DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + " exceeded 1.0. [" +
-                                       RoundSigDigits(DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction, 4) + "].");
+                    ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                       format("The runtime fraction for DX heating coil {} exceeded 1.0. [{:.4R}].",
+                                              DXCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                              DXCoil(DXCoilNum).HeatingCoilRuntimeFraction));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Runtime fraction is set to 1.0 and the simulation continues...");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Heating:DX:SingleSpeed].");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.cc
index 7421de17b48..636ee9ad9d2 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.cc
@@ -370,7 +370,6 @@ namespace DataEnvironment {
         // 1976 U.S. Standard Atmosphere. 1976. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         Real64 LocalOutDryBulbTemp; // Return result for function (C)
@@ -393,7 +392,7 @@ namespace DataEnvironment {
 
         if (LocalOutDryBulbTemp < -100.0) {
             ShowSevereError(state, "OutDryBulbTempAt: outdoor drybulb temperature < -100 C");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...check heights, this height=[" + RoundSigDigits(Z, 0) + "].");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...check heights, this height=[{:.0R}].", Z));
             ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition(s).");
         }
 
@@ -419,7 +418,6 @@ namespace DataEnvironment {
         // 1976 U.S. Standard Atmosphere. 1976. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         Real64 LocalOutWetBulbTemp; // Return result for function (C)
@@ -442,7 +440,7 @@ namespace DataEnvironment {
 
         if (LocalOutWetBulbTemp < -100.0) {
             ShowSevereError(state, "OutWetBulbTempAt: outdoor wetbulb temperature < -100 C");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...check heights, this height=[" + RoundSigDigits(Z, 0) + "].");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...check heights, this height=[{:.0R}].", Z));
             ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition(s).");
         }
 
@@ -469,7 +467,6 @@ namespace DataEnvironment {
         // 1976 U.S. Standard Atmosphere. 1976. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         Real64 LocalOutDewPointTemp; // Return result for function (C)
@@ -492,7 +489,7 @@ namespace DataEnvironment {
 
         if (LocalOutDewPointTemp < -100.0) {
             ShowSevereError(state, "OutDewPointTempAt: outdoor dewpoint temperature < -100 C");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...check heights, this height=[" + RoundSigDigits(Z, 0) + "].");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...check heights, this height=[{:.0R}].", Z));
             ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition(s).");
         }
 
@@ -589,10 +586,9 @@ namespace DataEnvironment {
     void SetOutBulbTempAt_error(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &Settings, Real64 const max_height, std::string const &SettingsName)
     {
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         ShowSevereError(state, "SetOutBulbTempAt: " + Settings + " Outdoor Temperatures < -100 C");
-        ShowContinueError(state, "...check " + Settings + " Heights - Maximum " + Settings + " Height=[" + RoundSigDigits(max_height, 0) + "].");
+        ShowContinueError(state, format("...check {} Heights - Maximum {} Height=[{:.0R}].", Settings, Settings, max_height));
         if (max_height >= 20000.0) {
             ShowContinueError(state, "...according to your maximum Z height, your building is somewhere in the Stratosphere.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "...look at " + Settings + " Name= " + SettingsName);
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.cc
index 0368b3872ea..45aa8029e4b 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.cc
@@ -1783,7 +1783,6 @@ namespace DataHeatBalance {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1829,8 +1828,10 @@ namespace DataHeatBalance {
             if (Blind(TotBlinds).MaxSlatAngle < Blind(TotBlinds).MinSlatAngle) {
                 errFlag = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, "WindowMaterial:Blind=\"" + Blind(inBlindNumber).Name + "\", Illegal value combination.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Minimum Slat Angle=[" + RoundSigDigits(Blind(TotBlinds).MinSlatAngle, 1) +
-                                  "], is greater than Maximum Slat Angle=[" + RoundSigDigits(Blind(TotBlinds).MaxSlatAngle, 1) + "] deg.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Minimum Slat Angle=[{:.1R}], is greater than Maximum Slat Angle=[{:.1R}] deg.",
+                                         Blind(TotBlinds).MinSlatAngle,
+                                         Blind(TotBlinds).MaxSlatAngle));
             }
 
             // Error if input slat angle not in input min/max range
@@ -1839,19 +1840,23 @@ namespace DataHeatBalance {
                 (Blind(TotBlinds).SlatAngle < Blind(TotBlinds).MinSlatAngle || Blind(TotBlinds).SlatAngle > Blind(TotBlinds).MaxSlatAngle)) {
                 errFlag = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, "WindowMaterial:Blind=\"" + Blind(inBlindNumber).Name + "\", Illegal value combination.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Slat Angle=[" + RoundSigDigits(Blind(TotBlinds).SlatAngle, 1) + "] is outside of the input min/max range, min=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(Blind(TotBlinds).MinSlatAngle, 1) + "], max=[" + RoundSigDigits(Blind(TotBlinds).MaxSlatAngle, 1) +
-                                  "] deg.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Slat Angle=[{:.1R}] is outside of the input min/max range, min=[{:.1R}], max=[{:.1R}] deg.",
+                                         Blind(TotBlinds).SlatAngle,
+                                         Blind(TotBlinds).MinSlatAngle,
+                                         Blind(TotBlinds).MaxSlatAngle));
             }
 
             // Warning if input minimum slat angle is less than that allowed by slat geometry
 
             if (Blind(TotBlinds).MinSlatAngle < MinSlatAngGeom) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "WindowMaterial:Blind=\"" + Blind(inBlindNumber).Name + "\", Illegal value combination.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Minimum Slat Angle=[" + RoundSigDigits(Blind(TotBlinds).MinSlatAngle, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than the smallest allowed by slat dimensions and spacing, min=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinSlatAngGeom, 1) +
-                                  "] deg.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Minimum Slat Angle will be set to " + RoundSigDigits(MinSlatAngGeom, 1) + " deg.");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("Minimum Slat Angle=[{:.1R}] is less than the smallest allowed by slat dimensions and spacing, min=[{:.1R}] deg.",
+                           Blind(TotBlinds).MinSlatAngle,
+                           MinSlatAngGeom));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Minimum Slat Angle will be set to {:.1R} deg.", MinSlatAngGeom));
                 Blind(TotBlinds).MinSlatAngle = MinSlatAngGeom;
             }
 
@@ -1859,10 +1864,12 @@ namespace DataHeatBalance {
 
             if (Blind(TotBlinds).MaxSlatAngle > MaxSlatAngGeom) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "WindowMaterial:Blind=\"" + Blind(inBlindNumber).Name + "\", Illegal value combination.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Maximum Slat Angle=[" + RoundSigDigits(Blind(TotBlinds).MaxSlatAngle, 1) +
-                                  "] is greater than the largest allowed by slat dimensions and spacing, [" + RoundSigDigits(MaxSlatAngGeom, 1) +
-                                  "] deg.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Maximum Slat Angle will be set to " + RoundSigDigits(MaxSlatAngGeom, 1) + " deg.");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("Maximum Slat Angle=[{:.1R}] is greater than the largest allowed by slat dimensions and spacing, [{:.1R}] deg.",
+                           Blind(TotBlinds).MaxSlatAngle,
+                           MaxSlatAngGeom));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Maximum Slat Angle will be set to {:.1R} deg.", MaxSlatAngGeom));
                 Blind(TotBlinds).MaxSlatAngle = MaxSlatAngGeom;
             }
         } else {
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DataRuntimeLanguage.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DataRuntimeLanguage.cc
index f4e2addaee8..e2f68a60268 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DataRuntimeLanguage.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DataRuntimeLanguage.cc
@@ -462,8 +462,8 @@ namespace DataRuntimeLanguage {
         }
         //  pos=SCAN(cFieldValue(1:1),InvalidStartCharacters)
         //  IF (pos > 0) THEN
-        //    CALL ShowSevereError(TRIM(cModuleObject)//'="'//TRIM(cFieldValue)//'", Invalid variable name entered.')
-        //    CALL ShowContinueError('...'//TRIM(cFieldName)//'; Names used as EMS variables cannot start with numeric characters.')
+        //    CALL ShowSevereError(state, TRIM(cModuleObject)//'="'//TRIM(cFieldValue)//'", Invalid variable name entered.')
+        //    CALL ShowContinueError(state, '...'//TRIM(cFieldName)//'; Names used as EMS variables cannot start with numeric characters.')
         //    errFlag=.TRUE.
         //    ErrorsFound = .TRUE.
         //  ENDIF
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DataSurfaceLists.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DataSurfaceLists.cc
index 9ceb2119941..ad93d4765b5 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DataSurfaceLists.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DataSurfaceLists.cc
@@ -123,7 +123,6 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::DataSurfaceLists {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataSurfaces;
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         constexpr auto CurrentModuleObject1("ZoneHVAC:LowTemperatureRadiant:SurfaceGroup");
@@ -237,8 +236,10 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::DataSurfaceLists {
                     if (SurfList(Item).SurfFlowFrac(SurfNum) < SurfListMinFlowFrac) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "The Flow Fraction for Surface " + SurfList(Item).SurfName(SurfNum) + " in Surface Group " +
                                         SurfList(Item).Name + " is too low");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Flow fraction of " + RoundSigDigits(SurfList(Item).SurfFlowFrac(SurfNum), 6) +
-                                          " is less than minimum criteria = " + RoundSigDigits(SurfListMinFlowFrac, 6));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Flow fraction of {:.6R} is less than minimum criteria = {:.6R}",
+                                                 SurfList(Item).SurfFlowFrac(SurfNum),
+                                                 SurfListMinFlowFrac));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Zero or extremely low flow fractions are not allowed. Remove this surface from the surface group or "
                                           "combine small surfaces together.");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DataTimings.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DataTimings.cc
index 1df7a9ce877..a4dc612903d 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DataTimings.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DataTimings.cc
@@ -266,6 +266,24 @@ namespace DataTimings {
         // METHODOLOGY EMPLOYED:
         // structure similar to recurring error structure.
 
+        // REFERENCES:
+        // na
+
+        // Using/Aliasing
+
+        // Locals
+        // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
+
+        // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
+
+        // INTERFACE BLOCK SPECIFICATIONS:
+        // na
+
+        // DERIVED TYPE DEFINITIONS:
+        // na
+
+        // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
+
 #ifdef EP_NO_Timings
         return;
 #endif
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DataZoneEquipment.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DataZoneEquipment.cc
index 3aeec075e7f..811480aa89c 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DataZoneEquipment.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DataZoneEquipment.cc
@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/Psychrometrics.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/ScheduleManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/UnitarySystem.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.hh>
@@ -280,8 +279,7 @@ namespace DataZoneEquipment {
         using namespace DataHVACGlobals;
         using BranchNodeConnections::SetUpCompSets;
         using namespace DataLoopNode;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using namespace ScheduleManager;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -399,15 +397,19 @@ namespace DataZoneEquipment {
         UniqueZoneEquipListNames.reserve(state.dataGlobal->NumOfZones);
 
         if (NumOfZoneEquipLists != NumOfControlledZones) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Number of Zone Equipment lists [" + TrimSigDigits(NumOfZoneEquipLists) +
-                            "] not equal Number of Controlled Zones [" + TrimSigDigits(NumOfControlledZones) + ']');
+            ShowSevereError(state,
+                            format("{}Number of Zone Equipment lists [{}] not equal Number of Controlled Zones [{}]",
+                                   RoutineName,
+                                   NumOfZoneEquipLists,
+                                   NumOfControlledZones));
             ShowContinueError(state, "..Each Controlled Zone [ZoneHVAC:EquipmentConnections] must have a corresponding (unique) ZoneHVAC:EquipmentList");
             ShowFatalError(state, "GetZoneEquipment: Incorrect number of zone equipment lists");
         }
 
         if (NumOfControlledZones > state.dataGlobal->NumOfZones) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Number of Controlled Zone objects [" + TrimSigDigits(NumOfControlledZones) +
-                            "] greater than Number of Zones [" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfZones) + ']');
+            ShowSevereError(
+                state,
+                format("{}Number of Controlled Zone objects [{}] greater than Number of Zones [{}]", RoutineName, NumOfControlledZones, state.dataGlobal->NumOfZones));
             ShowFatalError(state, RoutineName + "Too many ZoneHVAC:EquipmentConnections objects.");
         }
 
@@ -555,8 +557,12 @@ namespace DataZoneEquipment {
                         ++maxEquipCount;
                         continue;
                     }
-                    ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + thisZoneEquipList.Name +
-                                     "\", truncated list at blank field; object count=" + RoundSigDigits(maxEquipCount));
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{}{}=\"{}\", truncated list at blank field; object count={}",
+                                            RoutineName,
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            thisZoneEquipList.Name,
+                                            maxEquipCount));
                     break;
                 }
 
@@ -601,11 +607,13 @@ namespace DataZoneEquipment {
                     if ((thisZoneEquipList.CoolingPriority(ZoneEquipTypeNum) < 0) ||
                         (thisZoneEquipList.CoolingPriority(ZoneEquipTypeNum) > thisZoneEquipList.NumOfEquipTypes)) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphArray(1) + "\".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "invalid " + cNumericFields(nNumsInExtensible * ZoneEquipTypeIdx + nNumsBeforeExtensible + 1) + "=[" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(thisZoneEquipList.CoolingPriority(ZoneEquipTypeNum)) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("invalid {}=[{}].",
+                                                 cNumericFields(nNumsInExtensible * ZoneEquipTypeIdx + nNumsBeforeExtensible + 1),
+                                                 thisZoneEquipList.CoolingPriority(ZoneEquipTypeNum)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "equipment sequence must be > 0 and <= number of equipments in the list.");
                         if (thisZoneEquipList.CoolingPriority(ZoneEquipTypeNum) > 0)
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "only " + RoundSigDigits(thisZoneEquipList.NumOfEquipTypes) + " in the list.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("only {} in the list.", thisZoneEquipList.NumOfEquipTypes));
                         GetZoneEquipmentDataErrorsFound = true;
                     }
 
@@ -613,11 +621,13 @@ namespace DataZoneEquipment {
                     if ((thisZoneEquipList.HeatingPriority(ZoneEquipTypeNum) < 0) ||
                         (thisZoneEquipList.HeatingPriority(ZoneEquipTypeNum) > thisZoneEquipList.NumOfEquipTypes)) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphArray(1) + "\".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "invalid " + cNumericFields(nNumsInExtensible * ZoneEquipTypeIdx + nNumsBeforeExtensible + 2) + "=[" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(thisZoneEquipList.HeatingPriority(ZoneEquipTypeNum)) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("invalid {}=[{}].",
+                                                 cNumericFields(nNumsInExtensible * ZoneEquipTypeIdx + nNumsBeforeExtensible + 2),
+                                                 thisZoneEquipList.HeatingPriority(ZoneEquipTypeNum)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "equipment sequence must be > 0 and <= number of equipments in the list.");
                         if (thisZoneEquipList.HeatingPriority(ZoneEquipTypeNum) > 0)
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "only " + RoundSigDigits(thisZoneEquipList.NumOfEquipTypes) + " in the list.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("only {} in the list.", thisZoneEquipList.NumOfEquipTypes));
                         GetZoneEquipmentDataErrorsFound = true;
                     }
 
@@ -769,24 +779,31 @@ namespace DataZoneEquipment {
                 for (ZoneEquipTypeNum = 1; ZoneEquipTypeNum <= thisZoneEquipList.NumOfEquipTypes; ++ZoneEquipTypeNum) {
                     if (count_eq(thisZoneEquipList.CoolingPriority, ZoneEquipTypeNum) > 1) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisZoneEquipList.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...multiple assignments for Zone Equipment Cooling Sequence=" + RoundSigDigits(ZoneEquipTypeNum) +
-                                          ", must be 1-1 correspondence between sequence assignments and number of equipments.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...multiple assignments for Zone Equipment Cooling Sequence={}, must be 1-1 correspondence between "
+                                                 "sequence assignments and number of equipments.",
+                                                 ZoneEquipTypeNum));
                         GetZoneEquipmentDataErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (count_eq(thisZoneEquipList.CoolingPriority, ZoneEquipTypeNum) == 0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisZoneEquipList.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...zero assigned to Zone Equipment Cooling Sequence=" + RoundSigDigits(ZoneEquipTypeNum) +
-                                          ", apparent gap in sequence assignments in this equipment list.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...zero assigned to Zone Equipment Cooling Sequence={}, apparent gap in sequence assignments in "
+                                                 "this equipment list.",
+                                                 ZoneEquipTypeNum));
                     }
                     if (count_eq(thisZoneEquipList.HeatingPriority, ZoneEquipTypeNum) > 1) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisZoneEquipList.Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state,
-                            "...multiple assignments for Zone Equipment Heating or No-Load Sequence=" + RoundSigDigits(ZoneEquipTypeNum) +
-                            ", must be 1-1 correspondence between sequence assignments and number of equipments.");
+                                          format("...multiple assignments for Zone Equipment Heating or No-Load Sequence={}, must be 1-1 "
+                                                 "correspondence between sequence assignments and number of equipments.",
+                                                 ZoneEquipTypeNum));
                         GetZoneEquipmentDataErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (count_eq(thisZoneEquipList.HeatingPriority, ZoneEquipTypeNum) == 0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisZoneEquipList.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...zero assigned to Zone Equipment Heating or No-Load Sequence=" + RoundSigDigits(ZoneEquipTypeNum) +
-                                          ", apparent gap in sequence assignments in this equipment list.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...zero assigned to Zone Equipment Heating or No-Load Sequence={}, apparent gap in sequence "
+                                                 "assignments in this equipment list.",
+                                                 ZoneEquipTypeNum));
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -1378,8 +1395,10 @@ namespace DataZoneEquipment {
                         ReturnAirNodeNumber = thisZoneEquip.ReturnNode(1);
                         if (thisZoneEquip.NumReturnNodes > 1) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "GetReturnAirNodeForZone: " + calledFromDescription + ", request for zone return node is ambiguous.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Zone=" + thisZoneEquip.ZoneName + " has " + General::RoundSigDigits(thisZoneEquip.NumReturnNodes) +
-                                              " return nodes. First return node will be used.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Zone={} has {} return nodes. First return node will be used.",
+                                                     thisZoneEquip.ZoneName,
+                                                     thisZoneEquip.NumReturnNodes));
                         }
                     } else {
                         for (int nodeCount = 1; nodeCount <= thisZoneEquip.NumReturnNodes; ++nodeCount) {
@@ -1486,7 +1505,7 @@ namespace DataZoneEquipment {
         using DataSizing::ZOAM_IAQP;
         using DataSizing::ZOAM_ProportionalControlDesOcc;
         using DataSizing::ZOAM_ProportionalControlSchOcc;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMaxValue;
 
@@ -1703,11 +1722,12 @@ namespace DataZoneEquipment {
                                         if (OARequirements(DSOAPtr).CO2MaxMinLimitErrorCount < 2) {
                                             ShowSevereError(state, "CalcDesignSpecificationOutdoorAir DesignSpecification:OutdoorAir = \"" +
                                                             OARequirements(DSOAPtr).Name + "\".");
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "For System Outdoor Air Method = ProportionalControlBasedonOccupancySchedule, maximum "
-                                                              "target CO2 concentration (" +
-                                                              RoundSigDigits(ZoneMaxCO2, 2) +
-                                                              "), is not greater than minimum target CO2 concentration (" +
-                                                              RoundSigDigits(ZoneMinCO2, 2) + ").");
+                                            ShowContinueError(
+                                                state,
+                                                format("For System Outdoor Air Method = ProportionalControlBasedonOccupancySchedule, maximum target "
+                                                       "CO2 concentration ({:.2R}), is not greater than minimum target CO2 concentration ({:.2R}).",
+                                                       ZoneMaxCO2,
+                                                       ZoneMinCO2));
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "\"ProportionalControlBasedonOccupancySchedule\" will not be modeled. Default "
                                                               "\"Flow/Person+Flow/Area\" will be modeled. Simulation continues...");
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -1723,11 +1743,12 @@ namespace DataZoneEquipment {
                                         if (OARequirements(DSOAPtr).CO2MaxMinLimitErrorCount < 2) {
                                             ShowSevereError(state, "CalcDesignSpecificationOutdoorAir DesignSpecification:OutdoorAir = \"" +
                                                             OARequirements(DSOAPtr).Name + "\".");
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "For System Outdoor Air Method = ProportionalControlBasedonDesignOccupancy, maximum "
-                                                              "target CO2 concentration (" +
-                                                              RoundSigDigits(ZoneMaxCO2, 2) +
-                                                              "), is not greater than minimum target CO2 concentration (" +
-                                                              RoundSigDigits(ZoneMinCO2, 2) + ").");
+                                            ShowContinueError(
+                                                state,
+                                                format("For System Outdoor Air Method = ProportionalControlBasedonDesignOccupancy, maximum target "
+                                                       "CO2 concentration ({:.2R}), is not greater than minimum target CO2 concentration ({:.2R}).",
+                                                       ZoneMaxCO2,
+                                                       ZoneMinCO2));
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "\"ProportionalControlBasedonDesignOccupancy\" will not be modeled. Default "
                                                               "\"Flow/Person+Flow/Area\" will be modeled. Simulation continues...");
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DaylightingDevices.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DaylightingDevices.cc
index e6a3f873a2d..483ab2004d8 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DaylightingDevices.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DaylightingDevices.cc
@@ -219,7 +219,6 @@ namespace DaylightingDevices {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataHeatBalance::IntGainTypeOf_DaylightingDeviceTubular;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS: na
@@ -428,10 +427,14 @@ namespace DaylightingDevices {
                 if (Shelf(ShelfNum).ViewFactor < 0) CalcViewFactorToShelf(state, ShelfNum);
 
                 if (Shelf(ShelfNum).ViewFactor + Surface(WinSurf).ViewFactorSky + Surface(WinSurf).ViewFactorGround > 1.0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "DaylightingDevice:Shelf = " + Shelf(ShelfNum).Name + ":  Window view factors to sky [" +
-                                     RoundSigDigits(Surface(WinSurf).ViewFactorSky, 2) + "],");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "ground [" + RoundSigDigits(Surface(WinSurf).ViewFactorGround, 2) + "], and outside shelf [" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(Shelf(ShelfNum).ViewFactor, 2) + "] add up to > 1.0.");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("DaylightingDevice:Shelf = {}:  Window view factors to sky [{:.2R}],",
+                                            Shelf(ShelfNum).Name,
+                                            Surface(WinSurf).ViewFactorSky));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("ground [{:.2R}], and outside shelf [{:.2R}] add up to > 1.0.",
+                                             Surface(WinSurf).ViewFactorGround,
+                                             Shelf(ShelfNum).ViewFactor));
                 }
 
                 // Report calculated view factor so that user knows what to make the view factor to ground
@@ -480,7 +483,7 @@ namespace DaylightingDevices {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SafeDivide;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -599,8 +602,9 @@ namespace DaylightingDevices {
                     if (state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).TransDiff <= 1.0e-10) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + ":  Diffuser " + cAlphaArgs(3) + " construction (" +
                                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).Name + ") invalid value.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Diffuse solar transmittance of construction [" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).TransDiff, 4) + "] too small for calculations.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Diffuse solar transmittance of construction [{:.4R}] too small for calculations.",
+                                                 state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).TransDiff));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
 
@@ -609,13 +613,15 @@ namespace DaylightingDevices {
                             0.1) { // greater than 10%
                             ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             ":  Dome and diffuser areas are significantly different (>10%).");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Diffuser Area=[" + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 4) + "]; Dome Area=[" +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(Surface(TDDPipe(PipeNum).Dome).Area, 4) + "].");
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("...Diffuser Area=[{:.4R}]; Dome Area=[{:.4R}].", Surface(SurfNum).Area, Surface(TDDPipe(PipeNum).Dome).Area));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         } else {
                             ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + ":  Dome and diffuser areas differ by > .1 m2.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Diffuser Area=[" + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 4) + "]; Dome Area=[" +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(Surface(TDDPipe(PipeNum).Dome).Area, 4) + "].");
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("...Diffuser Area=[{:.4R}]; Dome Area=[{:.4R}].", Surface(SurfNum).Area, Surface(TDDPipe(PipeNum).Dome).Area));
                         }
                     }
 
@@ -666,13 +672,13 @@ namespace DaylightingDevices {
                         0.1) { // greater than 10%
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                         ":  Pipe and dome/diffuser areas are significantly different (>10%).");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Pipe Area=[" + RoundSigDigits(PipeArea, 4) + "]; Dome/Diffuser Area=[" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(Surface(TDDPipe(PipeNum).Dome).Area, 4) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("...Pipe Area=[{:.4R}]; Dome/Diffuser Area=[{:.4R}].", PipeArea, Surface(TDDPipe(PipeNum).Dome).Area));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + ":  Pipe and dome/diffuser areas differ by > .1 m2.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Pipe Area=[" + RoundSigDigits(PipeArea, 4) + "]; Dome/Diffuser Area=[" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(Surface(TDDPipe(PipeNum).Dome).Area, 4) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("...Pipe Area=[{:.4R}]; Dome/Diffuser Area=[{:.4R}].", PipeArea, Surface(TDDPipe(PipeNum).Dome).Area));
                     }
                 }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DaylightingManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DaylightingManager.cc
index c817e07bdd2..2ff893104cf 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DaylightingManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DaylightingManager.cc
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@
 #include <ObjexxFCL/string.functions.hh>
 
 // EnergyPlus Headers
-#include <EnergyPlus/Construction.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DElightManagerF.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataBSDFWindow.hh>
@@ -520,7 +519,6 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
         using DataSystemVariables::DetailedSolarTimestepIntegration;
         using DaylightingDevices::TransTDD;
         using General::BlindBeamBeamTrans;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -867,7 +865,7 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DaylightingDevices::TransTDD;
         using General::BlindBeamBeamTrans;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SafeDivide;
 
         // Locals
@@ -953,7 +951,7 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DaylightingDevices::TransTDD;
         using General::BlindBeamBeamTrans;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SafeDivide;
         using DataEnvironment::SunIsUp;
         using DataSystemVariables::DetailedSolarTimestepIntegration;
@@ -1351,7 +1349,7 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DaylightingDevices::TransTDD;
         using General::BlindBeamBeamTrans;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SafeDivide;
         using DataEnvironment::SunIsUp;
         using DataSystemVariables::DetailedSolarTimestepIntegration;
@@ -1786,7 +1784,7 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
         using DataSystemVariables::DetailedSolarTimestepIntegration;
         using General::BlindBeamBeamTrans;
         using General::POLYF;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SafeDivide;
 
         // Locals
@@ -1962,10 +1960,13 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
 
                 //            ! Error message if ref pt is too close to window.
                 if (D1a > 0.0 && D1b > 0.0 && D1b <= HW && D1a <= WW) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "CalcDaylightCoeffRefPoints: Daylighting calculation cannot be done for zone " + Zone(ZoneNum).Name +
-                                    " because reference point #" + RoundSigDigits(iRefPoint) + " is less than 0.15m (6\") from window plane " +
-                                    Surface(IWin).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Distance=[" + RoundSigDigits(ALF, 5) + "]. This is too close; check position of reference point.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("CalcDaylightCoeffRefPoints: Daylighting calculation cannot be done for zone {} because reference point "
+                                           "#{} is less than 0.15m (6\") from window plane {}",
+                                           Zone(ZoneNum).Name,
+                                           iRefPoint,
+                                           Surface(IWin).Name));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Distance=[{:.5R}]. This is too close; check position of reference point.", ALF));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition.");
                 }
             } else if (ALF < 0.1524 && ExtWinType == AdjZoneExtWin) {
@@ -1973,9 +1974,12 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "CalcDaylightCoeffRefPoints: For Zone=\"" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name + "\" External Window=\"" + Surface(IWin).Name +
                                      "\"in Zone=\"" + Zone(Surface(IWin).Zone).Name +
                                      "\" reference point is less than 0.15m (6\") from window plane ");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Distance=[" + RoundSigDigits(ALF, 1) + " m] to ref point=[" + RoundSigDigits(RREF(1), 1) + ',' +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(RREF(2), 1) + ',' + RoundSigDigits(RREF(3), 1) +
-                                      "], Inaccuracy in Daylighting Calcs may result.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Distance=[{:.1R} m] to ref point=[{:.1R},{:.1R},{:.1R}], Inaccuracy in Daylighting Calcs may result.",
+                                             ALF,
+                                             RREF(1),
+                                             RREF(2),
+                                             RREF(3)));
                     RefErrIndex(iRefPoint, IWin) = 1;
                 }
             }
@@ -1984,8 +1988,12 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                 if (MapErrIndex(iRefPoint, IWin) == 0) { // only show error message once
                     ShowWarningError(state, "CalcDaylightCoeffMapPoints: For Zone=\"" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name + "\" External Window=\"" + Surface(IWin).Name +
                                      "\"in Zone=\"" + Zone(Surface(IWin).Zone).Name + "\" map point is less than 0.15m (6\") from window plane ");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Distance=[" + RoundSigDigits(ALF, 1) + " m] map point=[" + RoundSigDigits(RREF(1), 1) + ',' +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(RREF(2), 1) + ',' + RoundSigDigits(RREF(3), 1) + "], Inaccuracy in Map Calcs may result.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Distance=[{:.1R} m] map point=[{:.1R},{:.1R},{:.1R}], Inaccuracy in Map Calcs may result.",
+                                             ALF,
+                                             RREF(1),
+                                             RREF(2),
+                                             RREF(3)));
                     MapErrIndex(iRefPoint, IWin) = 1;
                 }
             }
@@ -4517,13 +4525,15 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                     if (ZoneDaylight(zoneOfSurf).TotalDaylRefPoints > 0 && !Zone(zoneOfSurf).HasInterZoneWindow &&
                         ZoneDaylight(zoneOfSurf).DaylightMethod == SplitFluxDaylighting) {
                         for (int refPtNum = 1; refPtNum <= ZoneDaylight(zoneOfSurf).TotalDaylRefPoints; ++refPtNum) {
-                            SetupOutputVariable(state, "Daylighting Window Reference Point " + std::to_string(refPtNum) + " Illuminance",
+                            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                                format("Daylighting Window Reference Point {} Illuminance", refPtNum),
                                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::lux,
                                                 SurfaceWindow(SurfLoop).IllumFromWinAtRefPtRep(refPtNum),
                                                 "Zone",
                                                 "Average",
                                                 Surface(SurfLoop).Name);
-                            SetupOutputVariable(state, "Daylighting Window Reference Point " + std::to_string(refPtNum) + " View Luminance",
+                            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                                format("Daylighting Window Reference Point {} View Luminance", refPtNum),
                                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::cd_m2,
                                                 SurfaceWindow(SurfLoop).LumWinFromRefPtRep(refPtNum),
                                                 "Zone",
@@ -4660,8 +4670,6 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
         using DataStringGlobals::CharComma;
         using DataStringGlobals::CharSpace;
         using DataStringGlobals::CharTab;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         Array1D_int ZoneMapCount;
         int MapNum;
@@ -4745,8 +4753,9 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                 IllumMap(MapNum).Xmax = rNumericArgs(3);
                 if (rNumericArgs(2) > rNumericArgs(3)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid entry.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 2) +
-                                      "] must be <= " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("...{}[:.2R] must be <= {} [:.2R].", cNumericFieldNames(2), rNumericArgs(2), cNumericFieldNames(3), rNumericArgs(3)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 IllumMap(MapNum).Xnum = rNumericArgs(4);
@@ -4760,8 +4769,9 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                 IllumMap(MapNum).Ymax = rNumericArgs(6);
                 if (rNumericArgs(5) > rNumericArgs(6)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid entry.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(5) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 2) +
-                                      "] must be <= " + cNumericFieldNames(6) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(6), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("...{}[:.2R] must be <= {} [:.2R].", cNumericFieldNames(5), rNumericArgs(5), cNumericFieldNames(6), rNumericArgs(6)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 IllumMap(MapNum).Ynum = rNumericArgs(7);
@@ -4772,10 +4782,14 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                 }
                 if (IllumMap(MapNum).Xnum * IllumMap(MapNum).Ynum > MaxMapRefPoints) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", too many map points specified.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(4) + '[' + RoundSigDigits(IllumMap(MapNum).Xnum) + "] * " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
-                                      '[' + RoundSigDigits(IllumMap(MapNum).Ynum) + "].= [" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(IllumMap(MapNum).Xnum * IllumMap(MapNum).Ynum) + "] must be <= [" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxMapRefPoints) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...{}[{}] * {}[{}].= [{}] must be <= [{}].",
+                                             cNumericFieldNames(4),
+                                             IllumMap(MapNum).Xnum,
+                                             cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                             IllumMap(MapNum).Ynum,
+                                             IllumMap(MapNum).Xnum * IllumMap(MapNum).Ynum,
+                                             MaxMapRefPoints));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             } // MapNum
@@ -4858,8 +4872,10 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                     if (AddMapPoints > MaxMapRefPoints) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "GetDaylighting Parameters: Total Map Reference points entered is greater than maximum allowed.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in Zone=" + zone.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Maximum reference points allowed=" + TrimSigDigits(MaxMapRefPoints) +
-                                          ", entered amount ( when error first occurred )=" + TrimSigDigits(AddMapPoints));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Maximum reference points allowed={}, entered amount ( when error first occurred )={}",
+                                                 MaxMapRefPoints,
+                                                 AddMapPoints));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                         break;
                     }
@@ -4948,49 +4964,70 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                                 if ((IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(1, RefPt) < zone.MinimumX ||
                                      IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(1, RefPt) > zone.MaximumX) &&
                                     !IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtInBounds(RefPt)) {
-                                    ShowWarningError(state, "GetInputIlluminanceMap: Reference Map point #[" + RoundSigDigits(RefPt) +
-                                                     "], X Value outside Zone Min/Max X, Zone=" + zone.Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...X Reference Point= " + RoundSigDigits(IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(1, RefPt), 2) +
-                                                      ", Zone Minimum X= " + RoundSigDigits(zone.MinimumX, 2) +
-                                                      ", Zone Maximum X= " + RoundSigDigits(zone.MaximumX, 2));
+                                    ShowWarningError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("GetInputIlluminanceMap: Reference Map point #[{}], X Value outside Zone Min/Max X, Zone={}",
+                                               RefPt,
+                                               zone.Name));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("...X Reference Point= {:.2R}, Zone Minimum X= {:.2R}, Zone Maximum X= {:.2R}",
+                                                             IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(1, RefPt),
+                                                             zone.MinimumX,
+                                                             zone.MaximumX));
                                     if (IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(1, RefPt) < zone.MinimumX) {
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "...X Reference Distance Outside MinimumX= " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(zone.MinimumX - IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(1, RefPt), 4) + " m.");
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("...X Reference Distance Outside MinimumX= {:.4R} m.",
+                                                                 zone.MinimumX - IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(1, RefPt)));
                                     } else {
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "...X Reference Distance Outside MaximumX= " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(1, RefPt) - zone.MaximumX, 4) + " m.");
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("...X Reference Distance Outside MaximumX= {:.4R} m.",
+                                                                 IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(1, RefPt) - zone.MaximumX));
                                     }
                                 }
                                 if ((IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(2, RefPt) < zone.MinimumY ||
                                      IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(2, RefPt) > zone.MaximumY) &&
                                     !IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtInBounds(RefPt)) {
-                                    ShowWarningError(state, "GetInputIlluminanceMap: Reference Map point #[" + RoundSigDigits(RefPt) +
-                                                     "], Y Value outside Zone Min/Max Y, Zone=" + zone.Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Y Reference Point= " + RoundSigDigits(IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(2, RefPt), 2) +
-                                                      ", Zone Minimum Y= " + RoundSigDigits(zone.MinimumY, 2) +
-                                                      ", Zone Maximum Y= " + RoundSigDigits(zone.MaximumY, 2));
+                                    ShowWarningError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("GetInputIlluminanceMap: Reference Map point #[{}], Y Value outside Zone Min/Max Y, Zone={}",
+                                               RefPt,
+                                               zone.Name));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("...Y Reference Point= {:.2R}, Zone Minimum Y= {:.2R}, Zone Maximum Y= {:.2R}",
+                                                             IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(2, RefPt),
+                                                             zone.MinimumY,
+                                                             zone.MaximumY));
                                     if (IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(2, RefPt) < zone.MinimumY) {
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Y Reference Distance Outside MinimumY= " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(zone.MinimumY - IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(2, RefPt), 4) + " m.");
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("...Y Reference Distance Outside MinimumY= {:.4R} m.",
+                                                                 zone.MinimumY - IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(2, RefPt)));
                                     } else {
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Y Reference Distance Outside MaximumY= " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(2, RefPt) - zone.MaximumY, 4) + " m.");
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("...Y Reference Distance Outside MaximumY= {:.4R} m.",
+                                                                 IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(2, RefPt) - zone.MaximumY));
                                     }
                                 }
                                 if ((IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(3, RefPt) < zone.MinimumZ ||
                                      IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(3, RefPt) > zone.MaximumZ) &&
                                     !IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtInBounds(RefPt)) {
-                                    ShowWarningError(state, "GetInputIlluminanceMap: Reference Map point #[" + RoundSigDigits(RefPt) +
-                                                     "], Z Value outside Zone Min/Max Z, Zone=" + zone.Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Z Reference Point= " + RoundSigDigits(IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(3, RefPt), 2) +
-                                                      ", Zone Minimum Z= " + RoundSigDigits(zone.MinimumZ, 2) +
-                                                      ", Zone Maximum Z= " + RoundSigDigits(zone.MaximumZ, 2));
+                                    ShowWarningError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("GetInputIlluminanceMap: Reference Map point #[{}], Z Value outside Zone Min/Max Z, Zone={}",
+                                               RefPt,
+                                               zone.Name));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("...Z Reference Point= {:.2R}, Zone Minimum Z= {:.2R}, Zone Maximum Z= {:.2R}",
+                                                             IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(3, RefPt),
+                                                             zone.MinimumZ,
+                                                             zone.MaximumZ));
                                     if (IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(3, RefPt) < zone.MinimumZ) {
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Z Reference Distance Outside MinimumZ= " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(zone.MinimumZ - IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(3, RefPt), 4) + " m.");
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("...Z Reference Distance Outside MinimumZ= {:.4R} m.",
+                                                                 zone.MinimumZ - IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(3, RefPt)));
                                     } else {
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Z Reference Distance Outside MaximumZ= " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(3, RefPt) - zone.MaximumZ, 4) + " m.");
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("...Z Reference Distance Outside MaximumZ= {:.4R} m.",
+                                                                 IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(3, RefPt) - zone.MaximumZ));
                                     }
                                 }
                             }
@@ -5042,7 +5079,6 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
         //       MODIFIED       Glazer - July 2016 - Move geometry transformation portion, rearrange input, allow more than three reference points
         // Obtain the user input data for Daylighting:Controls object in the input file.
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         int IOStat;
         int NumAlpha;
@@ -5200,25 +5236,29 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                 zone_daylight.IllumSetPoint(refPtNum) = rNumericArgs(7 + refPtNum * 2);  // Field: Illuminance Setpoint at Reference Point
 
                 if (zone_daylight.DaylightMethod == SplitFluxDaylighting) {
-                    SetupOutputVariable(state, "Daylighting Reference Point " + std::to_string(refPtNum) + " Illuminance",
+                    SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                        format("Daylighting Reference Point {} Illuminance", refPtNum),
                                         OutputProcessor::Unit::lux,
                                         zone_daylight.DaylIllumAtRefPt(refPtNum),
                                         "Zone",
                                         "Average",
                                         zone_daylight.Name);
-                    SetupOutputVariable(state, "Daylighting Reference Point " + std::to_string(refPtNum) + " Daylight Illuminance Setpoint Exceeded Time",
+                    SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                        format("Daylighting Reference Point {} Daylight Illuminance Setpoint Exceeded Time", refPtNum),
                                         OutputProcessor::Unit::hr,
                                         zone_daylight.TimeExceedingDaylightIlluminanceSPAtRefPt(refPtNum),
                                         "Zone",
                                         "Sum",
                                         zone_daylight.Name);
-                    SetupOutputVariable(state, "Daylighting Reference Point " + std::to_string(refPtNum) + " Glare Index",
+                    SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                        format("Daylighting Reference Point {} Glare Index", refPtNum),
                                         OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                         zone_daylight.GlareIndexAtRefPt(refPtNum),
                                         "Zone",
                                         "Average",
                                         zone_daylight.Name);
-                    SetupOutputVariable(state, "Daylighting Reference Point " + std::to_string(refPtNum) + " Glare Index Setpoint Exceeded Time",
+                    SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                        format("Daylighting Reference Point {} Glare Index Setpoint Exceeded Time", refPtNum),
                                         OutputProcessor::Unit::hr,
                                         zone_daylight.TimeExceedingGlareIndexSPAtRefPt(refPtNum),
                                         "Zone",
@@ -5235,12 +5275,18 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
             Real64 sumFracs = sum(zone_daylight.FracZoneDaylit);
             if ( (1.0 - sumFracs) > FractionTolerance) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "GetDaylightingControls: Fraction of Zone controlled by the Daylighting reference points is < 1.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..discovered in \"" + cCurrentModuleObject + "\" for Zone=\"" + cAlphaArgs(2) + "\", only " +
-                        RoundSigDigits(sum(zone_daylight.FracZoneDaylit), 3) + " of the zone is controlled.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("..discovered in \"{}\" for Zone=\"{}\", only {:.3R} of the zone is controlled.",
+                                         cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                         cAlphaArgs(2),
+                                         sum(zone_daylight.FracZoneDaylit)));
             } else if ((sumFracs - 1.0) > FractionTolerance) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetDaylightingControls: Fraction of Zone controlled by the Daylighting reference points is > 1.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..discovered in \"" + cCurrentModuleObject + "\" for Zone=\"" + cAlphaArgs(2) + "\", trying to control " +
-                        RoundSigDigits(sum(zone_daylight.FracZoneDaylit), 3) + " of the zone.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("..discovered in \"{}\" for Zone=\"{}\", trying to control {:.3R} of the zone.",
+                                         cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                         cAlphaArgs(2),
+                                         sum(zone_daylight.FracZoneDaylit)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -5265,8 +5311,6 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
         //       MODIFIED       Glazer - July 2016 - separated this from GetInput function
         // For splitflux daylighting, transform the geometry
 
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
         using InternalHeatGains::CheckLightsReplaceableMinMaxForZone;
         using InternalHeatGains::GetDesignLightingLevelForZone;
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
@@ -5372,43 +5416,55 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                     if (daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(1, refPtNum) < zone.MinimumX || daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(1, refPtNum) > zone.MaximumX) {
                         daylCntrl.DaylRefPtInBounds(refPtNum) = false;
                         ShowWarningError(state, "GeometryTransformForDaylighting: Reference point X Value outside Zone Min/Max X, Zone=" + zone.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...X Reference Point= " + RoundSigDigits(daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(1, refPtNum), 2) +
-                                          ", Zone Minimum X= " + RoundSigDigits(zone.MinimumX, 2) +
-                                          ", Zone Maximum X= " + RoundSigDigits(zone.MaximumX, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...X Reference Point= {:.2R}, Zone Minimum X= {:.2R}, Zone Maximum X= {:.2R}",
+                                                 daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(1, refPtNum),
+                                                 zone.MinimumX,
+                                                 zone.MaximumX));
                         if (daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(1, refPtNum) < zone.MinimumX) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...X Reference Distance Outside MinimumX= " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(zone.MinimumX - daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(1, refPtNum), 4) + " m.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("...X Reference Distance Outside MinimumX= {:.4R} m.",
+                                                     zone.MinimumX - daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(1, refPtNum)));
                         } else {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...X Reference Distance Outside MaximumX= " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(1, refPtNum) - zone.MaximumX, 4) + " m.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("...X Reference Distance Outside MaximumX= {:.4R} m.",
+                                                     daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(1, refPtNum) - zone.MaximumX));
                         }
                     }
                     if (daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(2, refPtNum) < zone.MinimumY || daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(2, refPtNum) > zone.MaximumY) {
                         daylCntrl.DaylRefPtInBounds(refPtNum) = false;
                         ShowWarningError(state, "GeometryTransformForDaylighting: Reference point Y Value outside Zone Min/Max Y, Zone=" + zone.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Y Reference Point= " + RoundSigDigits(daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(2, refPtNum), 2) +
-                                          ", Zone Minimum Y= " + RoundSigDigits(zone.MinimumY, 2) +
-                                          ", Zone Maximum Y= " + RoundSigDigits(zone.MaximumY, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Y Reference Point= {:.2R}, Zone Minimum Y= {:.2R}, Zone Maximum Y= {:.2R}",
+                                                 daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(2, refPtNum),
+                                                 zone.MinimumY,
+                                                 zone.MaximumY));
                         if (daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(2, refPtNum) < zone.MinimumY) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Y Reference Distance Outside MinimumY= " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(zone.MinimumY - daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(2, refPtNum), 4) + " m.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("...Y Reference Distance Outside MinimumY= {:.4R} m.",
+                                                     zone.MinimumY - daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(2, refPtNum)));
                         } else {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Y Reference Distance Outside MaximumY= " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(2, refPtNum) - zone.MaximumY, 4) + " m.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("...Y Reference Distance Outside MaximumY= {:.4R} m.",
+                                                     daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(2, refPtNum) - zone.MaximumY));
                         }
                     }
                     if (daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(3, refPtNum) < zone.MinimumZ || daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(3, refPtNum) > zone.MaximumZ) {
                         daylCntrl.DaylRefPtInBounds(refPtNum) = false;
                         ShowWarningError(state, "GeometryTransformForDaylighting: Reference point Z Value outside Zone Min/Max Z, Zone=" + zone.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Z Reference Point= " + RoundSigDigits(daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(3, refPtNum), 2) +
-                                          ", Zone Minimum Z= " + RoundSigDigits(zone.MinimumZ, 2) +
-                                          ", Zone Maximum Z= " + RoundSigDigits(zone.MaximumZ, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Z Reference Point= {:.2R}, Zone Minimum Z= {:.2R}, Zone Maximum Z= {:.2R}",
+                                                 daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(3, refPtNum),
+                                                 zone.MinimumZ,
+                                                 zone.MaximumZ));
                         if (daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(3, refPtNum) < zone.MinimumZ) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Z Reference Distance Outside MinimumZ= " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(zone.MinimumZ - daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(3, refPtNum), 4) + " m.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("...Z Reference Distance Outside MinimumZ= {:.4R} m.",
+                                                     zone.MinimumZ - daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(3, refPtNum)));
                         } else {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Z Reference Distance Outside MaximumZ= " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(3, refPtNum) - zone.MaximumZ, 4) + " m.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("...Z Reference Distance Outside MaximumZ= {:.4R} m.",
+                                                     daylCntrl.DaylRefPtAbsCoord(3, refPtNum) - zone.MaximumZ));
                         }
                     }
                 } // refPtNum
@@ -5491,7 +5547,6 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
         using DataDaylighting::ZoneDaylight;
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using namespace DataDaylightingDevices;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -5589,7 +5644,6 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
 
@@ -5655,8 +5709,8 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                 // Warning if light well area is less than window area
                 if (AreaWell < (Surface(SurfNum).Area + SurfWinDividerArea(SurfNum) - 0.1)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": invalid " + cAlphaFieldNames(1) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" - Areas.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "has Area of Bottom of Well=" + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 1) +
-                                      " that is less than window area=" + RoundSigDigits(AreaWell, 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("has Area of Bottom of Well={:.1R} that is less than window area={:.1R}", Surface(SurfNum).Area, AreaWell));
                 }
 
                 if (HeightWell >= 0.0 && PerimWell > 0.0 && AreaWell > 0.0) {
@@ -6674,7 +6728,7 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
             int count = 0;
             for (std::size_t igroup = 1; igroup <= ZoneDaylight(ZoneNum).ShadeDeployOrderExtWins.size(); igroup++) {
                 std::vector<int> listOfExtWin = ZoneDaylight(ZoneNum).ShadeDeployOrderExtWins[igroup - 1];
-                for (auto IWin : listOfExtWin) {
+                for (const auto IWin : listOfExtWin) {
                     ++count;
                     // need to map back to the original order of the "loop" to not change all the other data structures
                     loop = ZoneDaylight(ZoneNum).MapShdOrdToLoopNum(count);
@@ -6719,7 +6773,7 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
 
                 std::vector<int> listOfExtWin = ZoneDaylight(ZoneNum).ShadeDeployOrderExtWins[igroup - 1];
 
-                for (auto IWin : listOfExtWin) {
+                for (const auto IWin : listOfExtWin) {
                     ++count;
                     // need to map back to the original order of the "loop" to not change all the other data structures
                     loop = ZoneDaylight(ZoneNum).MapShdOrdToLoopNum(count);
@@ -6839,7 +6893,7 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                 int countBeforeListOfExtWinLoop = count;
                 bool atLeastOneGlareControlIsActive = false;
 
-                for (auto IWin : listOfExtWin) {
+                for (const auto IWin : listOfExtWin) {
                     ++count;
                     // need to map back to the original order of the "loop" to not change all the other data structures
                     loop = ZoneDaylight(ZoneNum).MapShdOrdToLoopNum(count);
@@ -6954,7 +7008,7 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                 count = countBeforeListOfExtWinLoop;
                 breakOuterLoop = false;
 
-                for (auto IWin : listOfExtWin) {
+                for (const auto IWin : listOfExtWin) {
                     ++count;
                     // need to map back to the original order of the "loop" to not change all the other data structures
                     loop = ZoneDaylight(ZoneNum).MapShdOrdToLoopNum(count);
@@ -9922,7 +9976,6 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
         using DataStringGlobals::CharComma;
         using DataStringGlobals::CharSpace;
         using DataStringGlobals::CharTab;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -9993,7 +10046,7 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
 
             SavedMnDy(MapNum) = CurMnDyHr.substr(0, 5);
 
-            IllumMap(MapNum).Name = IllumMap(MapNum).Name + " at " + RoundSigDigits(IllumMap(MapNum).Z, 2) + 'm';
+            IllumMap(MapNum).Name = format("{} at {:.2R}m", IllumMap(MapNum).Name, IllumMap(MapNum).Z);
 
             for (R = 1; R <= ZoneDaylight(IllumMap(MapNum).Zone).TotalDaylRefPoints; ++R) {
                 RefPts(IllumMap(MapNum).Zone, R) = format("RefPt{}=({:.2R}:{:.2R}:{:.2R})", R,
@@ -10038,11 +10091,12 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                 if (IllumMap(MapNum).HeaderXLineLengthNeeded) {
                     IllumMap(MapNum).HeaderXLineLength = linelen;
                     if (static_cast<std::string::size_type>(IllumMap(MapNum).HeaderXLineLength) > len(mapLine)) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "ReportIllumMap: Map=\"" + IllumMap(MapNum).Name +
-                                         "\" -- the X Header overflows buffer -- will be truncated at " + RoundSigDigits(int(len(mapLine))) +
-                                         " characters.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...needed " + RoundSigDigits(IllumMap(MapNum).HeaderXLineLength) +
-                                          " characters. Please contact EnergyPlus support.");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("ReportIllumMap: Map=\"{}\" -- the X Header overflows buffer -- will be truncated at {} characters.",
+                                                IllumMap(MapNum).Name,
+                                                int(len(mapLine))));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...needed {} characters. Please contact EnergyPlus support.", IllumMap(MapNum).HeaderXLineLength));
                     }
                     IllumMap(MapNum).HeaderXLineLengthNeeded = false;
                 }
@@ -10052,14 +10106,14 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
                 // Write Y scale prefix and illuminance values
                 RefPt = 1;
                 for (Y = 1; Y <= IllumMap(MapNum).Ynum; ++Y) {
-                    mapLine = "(" + RoundSigDigits(IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(1, RefPt), 2) + ';' +
-                              RoundSigDigits(IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(2, RefPt), 2) + ")=";
+                    mapLine =
+                        format("({:.2R};{:.2R})=", IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(1, RefPt), IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtAbsCoord(2, RefPt));
                     for (R = RefPt; R <= RefPt + IllumMap(MapNum).Xnum - 1; ++R) {
                         IllumOut = nint(IllumMapCalc(MapNum).DaylIllumAtMapPtHr(R));
                         if (IllumMapCalc(MapNum).MapRefPtInBounds(R)) {
-                            String = RoundSigDigits(IllumOut);
+                            String = fmt::to_string(IllumOut);
                         } else {
-                            String = RoundSigDigits(IllumOut);
+                            String = fmt::to_string(IllumOut);
                             String = "*" + String;
                         }
                         mapLine += MapColSep + String;
@@ -10130,7 +10184,6 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
         using DataStringGlobals::CharComma;
         using DataStringGlobals::CharSpace;
         using DataStringGlobals::CharTab;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -10238,8 +10291,6 @@ namespace DaylightingManager {
         // may be associated with an exterior window in a daylit target zone's enclosure or an exterior window in
         // an adjacent enclosure, daylit or not, that shares interior windows with the target zone's enclosure.
 
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-
         Array1D_int ZoneExtWin;
         int WinSize;
         int RefSize;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DemandManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DemandManager.cc
index bc910823f16..c5ffd0f1b89 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DemandManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DemandManager.cc
@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::DemandManager {
         using DataHeatBalance::ZoneElectricObjects;
         using DataZoneControls::TempControlledZone;
         using DataZoneControls::TStatObjects;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using MixedAir::GetOAController;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
 
@@ -1169,8 +1169,8 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::DemandManager {
 
                 if (DemandMgr(MgrNum).LowerLimit > DemandMgr(MgrNum).UpperLimit) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid input for " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + AlphArray(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(2) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(NumArray(2), 2) + "] > " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + " [" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(NumArray(3), 2) + ']');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("{} [{:.R2}] > {} [{.R2}]", cNumericFieldNames(2), NumArray(2), cNumericFieldNames(3), NumArray(3)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(2) + " cannot be greater than " + cNumericFieldNames(3));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DesiccantDehumidifiers.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DesiccantDehumidifiers.cc
index 716acc1c94a..4443e3f74a9 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DesiccantDehumidifiers.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DesiccantDehumidifiers.cc
@@ -149,8 +149,6 @@ namespace DesiccantDehumidifiers {
     using namespace CurveManager;
     using namespace Psychrometrics;
     using FluidProperties::GetSatDensityRefrig;
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
     // Data
     // MODULE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS
@@ -234,12 +232,18 @@ namespace DesiccantDehumidifiers {
         } else {
             DesicDehumNum = CompIndex;
             if (DesicDehumNum > NumDesicDehums || DesicDehumNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimDesiccantDehumidifier:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DesicDehumNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumDesicDehums) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimDesiccantDehumidifier:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      DesicDehumNum,
+                                      NumDesicDehums,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CompName != DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).Name) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimDesiccantDehumidifier: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DesicDehumNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                               ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).Name);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimDesiccantDehumidifier: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                      DesicDehumNum,
+                                      CompName,
+                                      DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).Name));
             }
         }
 
@@ -685,14 +689,14 @@ namespace DesiccantDehumidifiers {
                 }
                 if (DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).NomProcAirVel > 4.064) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(3) +
-                                      " > 4.064 m/s.; Value in input=" + RoundSigDigits(DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).NomProcAirVel, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("{} > 4.064 m/s.; Value in input={:.3R}", cNumericFields(3), DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).NomProcAirVel));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "DEFAULT performance curves not valid outside 2.032 to 4.064 m/s (400 to 800 fpm).");
                 }
                 if (DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).NomProcAirVel < 2.032) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(3) +
-                                      " < 2.032 m/s.; Value in input=" + RoundSigDigits(DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).NomProcAirVel, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("{} < 2.032 m/s.; Value in input={:.3R}", cNumericFields(3), DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).NomProcAirVel));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "DEFAULT performance curves not valid outside 2.032 to 4.064 m/s (400 to 800 fpm).");
                 }
                 // Validate regen fan type, for default curves, can only variable volume
@@ -996,8 +1000,9 @@ namespace DesiccantDehumidifiers {
 
                     if (RegenCoilControlNodeNum > 0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).DehumType + " \"" + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(1) + " is specified as " + RoundSigDigits(DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).RegenSetPointTemp, 3) +
-                                          " C in this object.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("{} is specified as {:.3R} C in this object.", cNumericFields(1), DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).RegenSetPointTemp));
                         ShowContinueError(state, " Do not specify a coil temperature setpoint node name in the regeneration air heater object.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(9) + " = " + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).RegenCoilType);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(10) + " = " + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).RegenCoilName);
@@ -1141,8 +1146,9 @@ namespace DesiccantDehumidifiers {
 
                     if (RegenCoilControlNodeNum > 0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).DehumType + " \"" + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(1) + " is specified as " + RoundSigDigits(DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).RegenSetPointTemp, 3) +
-                                          " C in this object.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("{} is specified as {:.3R} C in this object.", cNumericFields(1), DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).RegenSetPointTemp));
                         ShowContinueError(state, " Do not specify a coil temperature setpoint node name in the regeneration air heater object.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(9) + " = " + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).RegenCoilType);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(10) + " = " + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).RegenCoilName);
@@ -2077,7 +2083,7 @@ namespace DesiccantDehumidifiers {
                             HumRatNeeded = DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).HumRatSet;
                             if (HumRatNeeded <= 0.0) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, "Dehumidifier:Desiccant:NoFans: " + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid Leaving Max Humidity Ratio Setpoint=" + TrimSigDigits(HumRatNeeded, 8));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid Leaving Max Humidity Ratio Setpoint={:.8T}", HumRatNeeded));
                                 ShowFatalError(state, "must be > 0.0");
                             }
 
@@ -2333,8 +2339,8 @@ namespace DesiccantDehumidifiers {
 
                 } else {
 
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "Invalid performance model in desiccant dehumidifier = " +
-                                   TrimSigDigits(DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).PerformanceModel_Num));
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state, format("Invalid performance model in desiccant dehumidifier = {}", DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).PerformanceModel_Num));
                 }
             } // Performance Model Part A
 
@@ -2447,8 +2453,8 @@ namespace DesiccantDehumidifiers {
 
                 } else {
 
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "Invalid performance model in desiccant dehumidifier = " +
-                                   TrimSigDigits(DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).PerformanceModel_Num));
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state, format("Invalid performance model in desiccant dehumidifier = {}", DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).PerformanceModel_Num));
 
                     // Suppress uninitialized warnings
                     ProcAirOutTemp = 0.0;
@@ -3230,7 +3236,7 @@ namespace DesiccantDehumidifiers {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallLoad;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
@@ -3302,21 +3308,23 @@ namespace DesiccantDehumidifiers {
                                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed for " + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).DehumType +
                                                    "=\"" + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).Name + "\"");
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) +
-                                                  "] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("...Iteration limit [{}] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate", SolveMaxIter));
                             }
-                            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [" +
-                                                               RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) + "]) for " + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).DehumType +
-                                                               "=\"" + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).Name + "\"",
-                                                           DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex);
+                            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
+                                format("CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [{}]) for {}=\"{}\"",
+                                       SolveMaxIter,
+                                       DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).DehumType,
+                                       DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).Name),
+                                DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex);
                         } else if (SolFlag == -2) {
                             if (DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex2 == 0) {
                                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (maximum flow limits) for " +
                                                    DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).DehumType + "=\"" + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).Name + "\"");
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Bad hot water maximum flow rate limits");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Given minimum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MinWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Given maximum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MaxHotWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given minimum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MinWaterFlow));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given maximum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MaxHotWaterFlow));
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (flow limits) for " +
                                                                DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).DehumType + "=\"" + DesicDehum(DesicDehumNum).Name + "\"",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/DualDuct.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/DualDuct.cc
index b9db22e899b..1b68f59c7bc 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/DualDuct.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/DualDuct.cc
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@
 // EnergyPlus Headers
 #include <EnergyPlus/Autosizing/Base.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataAirLoop.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataContaminantBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataConvergParams.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataDefineEquip.hh>
@@ -172,7 +171,6 @@ namespace DualDuct {
         // at the system time step.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int DDNum; // The Damper that you are currently loading input into
@@ -195,13 +193,19 @@ namespace DualDuct {
         } else {
             DDNum = CompIndex;
             if (DDNum > NumDDAirTerminal || DDNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateDualDuct: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompIndex) +
-                               ", Number of Dampers=" + TrimSigDigits(NumDDAirTerminal) + ", Damper name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimulateDualDuct: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Dampers={}, Damper name={}",
+                                      CompIndex,
+                                      NumDDAirTerminal,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(DDNum)) {
                 if (CompName != dd_airterminal(DDNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateDualDuct: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompIndex) + ", Damper name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Damper Name for that index=" + dd_airterminal(DDNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimulateDualDuct: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Damper name={}, stored Damper Name for that index={}",
+                                          CompIndex,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          dd_airterminal(DDNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(DDNum) = false;
             }
@@ -267,7 +271,6 @@ namespace DualDuct {
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using namespace DataHeatBalance;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("GetDualDuctInput: "); // include trailing bla
@@ -771,11 +774,13 @@ namespace DualDuct {
                                                          dd_airterminal(DDNum).DesignRecircFlowRate);
                         } else {
                             if (dd_airterminal(DDNum).MaxAirVolFlowRate < dd_airterminal(DDNum).DesignOAFlowRate) {
-                                ShowSevereError(state, "The value " + RoundSigDigits(dd_airterminal(DDNum).MaxAirVolFlowRate, 5) + " in " +
-                                                cNumericFields(1) + "is lower than the outdoor air requirement.");
+                                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                format("The value {:.5R} in {}is lower than the outdoor air requirement.",
+                                                       dd_airterminal(DDNum).MaxAirVolFlowRate,
+                                                       cNumericFields(1)));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + cCMO_DDVarVolOA + " = " + dd_airterminal(DDNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "The design outdoor air requirement is " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(dd_airterminal(DDNum).DesignOAFlowRate, 5));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("The design outdoor air requirement is {:.5R}", dd_airterminal(DDNum).DesignOAFlowRate));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -1581,7 +1586,6 @@ namespace DualDuct {
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::ZoneThermostatSetPointHi;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::ZoneThermostatSetPointLo;
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallTempDiff;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/EMSManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/EMSManager.cc
index 987ce6be9bc..388e80b9c52 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/EMSManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/EMSManager.cc
@@ -840,7 +840,8 @@ namespace EMSManager {
 
                     int nHandle = EMSActuatorAvailable(ActuatorVariableNum).handleCount;
                     if (nHandle > 0) {
-                        EnergyPlus::ShowWarningError(state, "Seems like you already tried to get a Handle on this Actuator " + std::to_string(nHandle) + "times.");
+                        EnergyPlus::ShowWarningError(state,
+                                                     format("Seems like you already tried to get a Handle on this Actuator {}times.", nHandle));
                         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(state, "Occurred for componentType='" +  EMSActuatorUsed(ActuatorNum).ComponentTypeName
                                 + "', controlType='" + EMSActuatorUsed(ActuatorNum).ControlTypeName
                                 + "', uniqueKey='" + EMSActuatorUsed(ActuatorNum).UniqueIDName + "'.");
@@ -1214,7 +1215,7 @@ namespace EMSManager {
                 EMSActuatorUsed(ActuatorNum).CheckedOkay = true;
                 int nHandle = EMSActuatorAvailable(ActuatorVariableNum).handleCount;
                 if (nHandle > 0) {
-                    EnergyPlus::ShowWarningError(state, "Seems like you already tried to get a Handle on this Actuator " + std::to_string(nHandle) + "times.");
+                    EnergyPlus::ShowWarningError(state, format("Seems like you already tried to get a Handle on this Actuator {}times.", nHandle));
                     EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(state, "Occurred for componentType='" +  EMSActuatorUsed(ActuatorNum).ComponentTypeName
                             + "', controlType='" + EMSActuatorUsed(ActuatorNum).ControlTypeName
                             + "', uniqueKey='" + EMSActuatorUsed(ActuatorNum).UniqueIDName + "'.");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/EarthTube.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/EarthTube.cc
index f7ed46816ca..0740881b7f8 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/EarthTube.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/EarthTube.cc
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ namespace EarthTube {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleValuesForDay;
 
@@ -225,19 +225,27 @@ namespace EarthTube {
 
             EarthTubeSys(Loop).MinTemperature = rNumericArgs(2);
             if ((EarthTubeSys(Loop).MinTemperature < -EarthTubeTempLimit) || (EarthTubeSys(Loop).MinTemperature > EarthTubeTempLimit)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) +
-                                " must have a minimum temperature between -" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeTempLimit, 0) + "C and " +
-                                RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeTempLimit, 0) + 'C');
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeSys(Loop).MinTemperature, 0));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: {}={} must have a minimum temperature between -{:.0R}C and {:.0R}C",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaFieldNames(1),
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       EarthTubeTempLimit,
+                                       EarthTubeTempLimit));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entered value={:.0R}", EarthTubeSys(Loop).MinTemperature));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             EarthTubeSys(Loop).MaxTemperature = rNumericArgs(3);
             if ((EarthTubeSys(Loop).MaxTemperature < -EarthTubeTempLimit) || (EarthTubeSys(Loop).MaxTemperature > EarthTubeTempLimit)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) +
-                                " must have a maximum temperature between -" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeTempLimit, 0) + "C and " +
-                                RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeTempLimit, 0) + 'C');
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeSys(Loop).MaxTemperature, 0));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: {}={} must have a maximum temperature between -{:.0R}C and {:.0R}C",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaFieldNames(1),
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       EarthTubeTempLimit,
+                                       EarthTubeTempLimit));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entered value={:.0R}", EarthTubeSys(Loop).MaxTemperature));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -260,30 +268,49 @@ namespace EarthTube {
 
             EarthTubeSys(Loop).FanPressure = rNumericArgs(5);
             if (EarthTubeSys(Loop).FanPressure < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(5) +
-                                " must be positive, entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeSys(Loop).FanPressure, 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: {}={}, {} must be positive, entered value={:.2R}",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaFieldNames(1),
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(5),
+                                       EarthTubeSys(Loop).FanPressure));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             EarthTubeSys(Loop).FanEfficiency = rNumericArgs(6);
             if ((EarthTubeSys(Loop).FanEfficiency <= 0.0) || (EarthTubeSys(Loop).FanEfficiency > 1.0)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state,
-                    cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(6) +
-                    " must be greater than zero and less than or equal to one, entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeSys(Loop).FanEfficiency, 2));
+                                format("{}: {}={}, {} must be greater than zero and less than or equal to one, entered value={:.2R}",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaFieldNames(1),
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(6),
+                                       EarthTubeSys(Loop).FanEfficiency));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             EarthTubeSys(Loop).r1 = rNumericArgs(7);
             if (EarthTubeSys(Loop).r1 <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
-                                " must be positive, entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeSys(Loop).r1, 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: {}={}, {} must be positive, entered value={:.2R}",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaFieldNames(1),
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                       EarthTubeSys(Loop).r1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             EarthTubeSys(Loop).r2 = rNumericArgs(8);
             if (EarthTubeSys(Loop).r2 <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(8) +
-                                " must be positive, entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeSys(Loop).r2, 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: {}={}, {} must be positive, entered value={:.2R}",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaFieldNames(1),
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(8),
+                                       EarthTubeSys(Loop).r2));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -291,29 +318,50 @@ namespace EarthTube {
 
             EarthTubeSys(Loop).PipeLength = rNumericArgs(9);
             if (EarthTubeSys(Loop).PipeLength <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(9) +
-                                " must be positive, entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeSys(Loop).PipeLength, 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: {}={}, {} must be positive, entered value={:.2R}",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaFieldNames(1),
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(9),
+                                       EarthTubeSys(Loop).PipeLength));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             EarthTubeSys(Loop).PipeThermCond = rNumericArgs(10);
             if (EarthTubeSys(Loop).PipeThermCond <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(10) +
-                                " must be positive, entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeSys(Loop).PipeThermCond, 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: {}={}, {} must be positive, entered value={:.2R}",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaFieldNames(1),
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(10),
+                                       EarthTubeSys(Loop).PipeThermCond));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             EarthTubeSys(Loop).z = rNumericArgs(11);
             if (EarthTubeSys(Loop).z <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(11) +
-                                " must be positive, entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeSys(Loop).z, 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: {}={}, {} must be positive, entered value={:.2R}",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaFieldNames(1),
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(11),
+                                       EarthTubeSys(Loop).z));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (EarthTubeSys(Loop).z <= (EarthTubeSys(Loop).r1 + EarthTubeSys(Loop).r2 + EarthTubeSys(Loop).r3)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(11) +
-                                " must be greater than 3*" + cNumericFieldNames(7) + " + " + cNumericFieldNames(8) +
-                                " entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeSys(Loop).z, 2) +
-                                " ref sum=" + RoundSigDigits(EarthTubeSys(Loop).r1 + EarthTubeSys(Loop).r2 + EarthTubeSys(Loop).r3, 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: {}={}, {} must be greater than 3*{} + {} entered value={:.2R} ref sum={:.2R}",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaFieldNames(1),
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(11),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(8),
+                                       EarthTubeSys(Loop).z,
+                                       EarthTubeSys(Loop).r1 + EarthTubeSys(Loop).r2 + EarthTubeSys(Loop).r3));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/EcoRoofManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/EcoRoofManager.cc
index 2fe2cc5f6e4..c5b6cff9036 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/EcoRoofManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/EcoRoofManager.cc
@@ -60,14 +60,12 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalFanSys.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalSurface.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSurfaces.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataWater.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/EcoRoofManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Material.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/Psychrometrics.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.hh>
 
 namespace EnergyPlus {
@@ -97,7 +95,6 @@ namespace EcoRoofManager {
     // Use statements for data only modules
     // Using/Aliasing
     using namespace DataSurfaces;
-    using namespace DataLoopNode;
     using namespace DataHeatBalance;
 
     Real64 CumRunoff(0.0); // Cumulative runoff, updated each time step (m) mult by roof area to get volume
@@ -158,7 +155,6 @@ namespace EcoRoofManager {
         using namespace DataHeatBalance;
         using namespace DataHeatBalSurface;
         using namespace DataSurfaces;
-        using namespace Psychrometrics;
         using ConvectionCoefficients::InitExteriorConvectionCoeff;
         using ConvectionCoefficients::SetExtConvectionCoeff;
         using ConvectionCoefficients::SetIntConvectionCoeff;
@@ -703,7 +699,6 @@ namespace EcoRoofManager {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataEnvironment;
         using namespace DataSurfaces;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -804,16 +799,20 @@ namespace EcoRoofManager {
                     ShowWarningError(state,
                                      "CalcEcoRoof: Too few time steps per hour for stability.");
                     if (ceil(60 * index1 / state.dataGlobal->MinutesPerTimeStep) <= 60) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Entered Timesteps per hour=[" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) +
-                                          "], Change to some value greater than or equal to [" + RoundSigDigits(60 * index1 / state.dataGlobal->MinutesPerTimeStep) +
-                                          "] for assured stability.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...Entered Timesteps per hour=[{}], Change to some value greater than or equal to [{}] for assured stability.",
+                                   state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour,
+                                   60 * index1 / state.dataGlobal->MinutesPerTimeStep));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Note that EnergyPlus has a maximum of 60 timesteps per hour");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...The program will continue, but if the simulation fails due to too low/high temperatures, instability "
                                           "here could be the reason.");
                     } else {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Entered Timesteps per hour=[" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) +
-                                          "], however the required frequency for stability [" + RoundSigDigits(60 * index1 / state.dataGlobal->MinutesPerTimeStep) +
-                                          "] is over the EnergyPlus maximum of 60.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Entered Timesteps per hour=[{}], however the required frequency for stability [{}] is over the "
+                                                 "EnergyPlus maximum of 60.",
+                                                 state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour,
+                                                 60 * index1 / state.dataGlobal->MinutesPerTimeStep));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Consider using the simple moisture diffusion calculation method for this application");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...The program will continue, but if the simulation fails due to too low/high temperatures, instability "
                                           "here could be the reason.");
@@ -951,8 +950,9 @@ namespace EcoRoofManager {
             RelativeSoilSaturationTop = (Moisture - MoistureResidual) / (MoistureMax - MoistureResidual);
             if (RelativeSoilSaturationTop < 0.0001) {
                 if (ErrIndex == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "EcoRoof: UpdateSoilProps: Relative Soil Saturation Top Moisture <= 0.0001, Value=[" +
-                                       RoundSigDigits(RelativeSoilSaturationTop, 5) + "].");
+                    ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                       format("EcoRoof: UpdateSoilProps: Relative Soil Saturation Top Moisture <= 0.0001, Value=[{:.5R}].",
+                                              RelativeSoilSaturationTop));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Value is set to 0.0001 and simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "You may wish to increase the number of timesteps to attempt to alleviate the problem.");
                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/EconomicLifeCycleCost.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/EconomicLifeCycleCost.cc
index 01a7681fa1b..1a81bcf05f3 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/EconomicLifeCycleCost.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/EconomicLifeCycleCost.cc
@@ -2178,9 +2178,9 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
             } else {
                 tableBody(1, 6) = "-- N/A --";
             }
-            tableBody(1, 7) = MonthNames(baseDateMonth) + ' ' + std::to_string(baseDateYear);
-            tableBody(1, 8) = MonthNames(serviceDateMonth) + ' ' + std::to_string(serviceDateYear);
-            tableBody(1, 9) = std::to_string(lengthStudyYears);
+            tableBody(1, 7) = format("{} {}", MonthNames(baseDateMonth), baseDateYear);
+            tableBody(1, 8) = format("{} {}", MonthNames(serviceDateMonth), serviceDateYear);
+            tableBody(1, 9) = fmt::to_string(lengthStudyYears);
             tableBody(1, 10) = RealToStr(taxRate, 4);
             {
                 auto const SELECT_CASE_var(depreciationMethod);
@@ -2235,13 +2235,13 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
             rowHead(1) = "Resource";
             rowHead(2) = "Start Date";
             for (iYear = 1; iYear <= lengthStudyYears; ++iYear) {
-                rowHead(iYear + 2) = std::to_string(iYear);
+                rowHead(iYear + 2) = fmt::to_string(iYear);
             }
             for (jObj = 1; jObj <= numUsePriceEscalation; ++jObj) { // loop through objects not columns to add names
                 columnHead(jObj) = UsePriceEscalation(jObj).name;
                 tableBody(jObj, 1) = GetResourceTypeChar(UsePriceEscalation(jObj).resource);
                 tableBody(jObj, 2) =
-                    MonthNames(UsePriceEscalation(jObj).escalationStartMonth) + ' ' + std::to_string(UsePriceEscalation(jObj).escalationStartYear);
+                    format("{} {}", MonthNames(UsePriceEscalation(jObj).escalationStartMonth), UsePriceEscalation(jObj).escalationStartYear);
             }
             for (jObj = 1; jObj <= numUsePriceEscalation; ++jObj) {
                 for (iYear = 1; iYear <= lengthStudyYears; ++iYear) {
@@ -2274,7 +2274,7 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
                 columnHead = "none";
                 rowHead(1) = "";
                 for (iYear = 1; iYear <= numYears; ++iYear) {
-                    rowHead(iYear + 1) = MonthNames(serviceDateMonth) + ' ' + std::to_string(serviceDateYear + iYear - 1);
+                    rowHead(iYear + 1) = format("{} {}", MonthNames(serviceDateMonth), serviceDateYear + iYear - 1);
                 }
                 for (jObj = 1; jObj <= numUseAdjustment; ++jObj) { // loop through objects not columns to add names
                     columnHead(jObj) = UseAdjustment(jObj).name;
@@ -2309,7 +2309,7 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
             tableBody = "";
             rowHead(1) = "";
             for (iYear = 1; iYear <= lengthStudyYears; ++iYear) {
-                rowHead(iYear + 1) = MonthNames(baseDateMonth) + ' ' + std::to_string(baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
+                rowHead(iYear + 1) = format("{} {}", MonthNames(baseDateMonth), baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
             }
             for (jObj = 1; jObj <= (numRecurringCosts + numNonrecurringCost); ++jObj) {
                 curCashFlow = countOfCostCat + jObj;
@@ -2357,7 +2357,7 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
             tableBody.allocate(numColumns, lengthStudyYears);
             tableBody = "";
             for (iYear = 1; iYear <= lengthStudyYears; ++iYear) {
-                rowHead(iYear) = MonthNames(baseDateMonth) + ' ' + std::to_string(baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
+                rowHead(iYear) = format("{} {}", MonthNames(baseDateMonth), baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
             }
             for (jObj = 1; jObj <= numResourcesUsed; ++jObj) {
                 curCashFlow = countOfCostCat + numRecurringCosts + numNonrecurringCost + jObj;
@@ -2400,7 +2400,7 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
             tableBody.allocate(numColumns, lengthStudyYears);
             tableBody = "";
             for (iYear = 1; iYear <= lengthStudyYears; ++iYear) {
-                rowHead(iYear) = MonthNames(baseDateMonth) + ' ' + std::to_string(baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
+                rowHead(iYear) = format("{} {}", MonthNames(baseDateMonth), baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
             }
             for (int jObj = 1; jObj <= numResourcesUsed; ++jObj) {
                 curCashFlow = countOfCostCat + numRecurringCosts + numNonrecurringCost + jObj;
@@ -2455,7 +2455,7 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
             columnHead(3) = "OtherCapital";
             columnHead(4) = "Total";
             for (iYear = 1; iYear <= lengthStudyYears; ++iYear) {
-                rowHead(iYear) = MonthNames(baseDateMonth) + ' ' + std::to_string(baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
+                rowHead(iYear) = format("{} {}", MonthNames(baseDateMonth), baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
                 tableBody(1, iYear) = RealToStr(CashFlow(costCatConstruction).yrAmount(iYear), 2);
                 tableBody(2, iYear) = RealToStr(CashFlow(costCatSalvage).yrAmount(iYear), 2);
                 tableBody(3, iYear) = RealToStr(CashFlow(costCatOtherCapital).yrAmount(iYear), 2);
@@ -2502,7 +2502,7 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
             columnHead(10) = "Total";
 
             for (iYear = 1; iYear <= lengthStudyYears; ++iYear) {
-                rowHead(iYear) = MonthNames(baseDateMonth) + ' ' + std::to_string(baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
+                rowHead(iYear) = format("{} {}", MonthNames(baseDateMonth), baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
                 tableBody(1, iYear) = RealToStr(CashFlow(costCatEnergy).yrAmount(iYear), 2);
                 tableBody(2, iYear) = RealToStr(CashFlow(costCatWater).yrAmount(iYear), 2);
                 tableBody(3, iYear) = RealToStr(CashFlow(costCatMaintenance).yrAmount(iYear), 2);
@@ -2555,7 +2555,7 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
             columnHead(10) = "Total";
 
             for (iYear = 1; iYear <= lengthStudyYears; ++iYear) {
-                rowHead(iYear) = MonthNames(baseDateMonth) + ' ' + std::to_string(baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
+                rowHead(iYear) = format("{} {}", MonthNames(baseDateMonth), baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
                 tableBody(1, iYear) = RealToStr(EscalatedTotEnergy(iYear), 2);
                 tableBody(2, iYear) = RealToStr(CashFlow(costCatWater).yrAmount(iYear), 2);
                 tableBody(3, iYear) = RealToStr(CashFlow(costCatMaintenance).yrAmount(iYear), 2);
@@ -2619,7 +2619,7 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
                     columnHead(jObj) = CashFlow(jObj).name;
                 }
                 for (kMonth = 1; kMonth <= lengthStudyTotalMonths; ++kMonth) {
-                    rowHead(kMonth) = MonthNames(1 + (kMonth + baseDateMonth - 2) % 12) + ' ' + std::to_string(baseDateYear + int((kMonth - 1) / 12));
+                    rowHead(kMonth) = format("{} {}", MonthNames(1 + (kMonth + baseDateMonth - 2) % 12), baseDateYear + int((kMonth - 1) / 12));
                 }
                 for (kMonth = 1; kMonth <= lengthStudyTotalMonths; ++kMonth) {
                     for (jObj = 1; jObj <= numCashFlow; ++jObj) {
@@ -2652,7 +2652,7 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
                 columnHead(kMonth) = MonthNames(kMonth);
             }
             for (iYear = 1; iYear <= lengthStudyYears; ++iYear) {
-                rowHead(iYear) = std::to_string(baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
+                rowHead(iYear) = fmt::to_string(baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
             }
             for (iYear = 1; iYear <= lengthStudyYears; ++iYear) {
                 for (kMonth = 1; kMonth <= 12; ++kMonth) {
@@ -2839,7 +2839,7 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
 
             totalPV = 0.0;
             for (iYear = 1; iYear <= lengthStudyYears; ++iYear) {
-                rowHead(iYear) = MonthNames(baseDateMonth) + ' ' + std::to_string(baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
+                rowHead(iYear) = format("{} {}", MonthNames(baseDateMonth), baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
                 tableBody(1, iYear) = RealToStr(CashFlow(costCatTotGrand).yrAmount(iYear), 2);
                 // adjust for escalated energy costs
                 Real64 yearly_total_cost =
@@ -2882,7 +2882,7 @@ namespace EconomicLifeCycleCost {
 
                 totalPV = 0.0;
                 for (iYear = 1; iYear <= lengthStudyYears; ++iYear) {
-                    rowHead(iYear) = MonthNames(baseDateMonth) + ' ' + std::to_string(baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
+                    rowHead(iYear) = format("{} {}", MonthNames(baseDateMonth), baseDateYear + iYear - 1);
                     tableBody(1, iYear) = RealToStr(DepreciatedCapital(iYear), 2);
                     tableBody(2, iYear) = RealToStr(TaxableIncome(iYear), 2);
                     tableBody(3, iYear) = RealToStr(Taxes(iYear), 2);
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/EconomicTariff.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/EconomicTariff.cc
index 90ee01564b5..915f72815b1 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/EconomicTariff.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/EconomicTariff.cc
@@ -381,7 +381,6 @@ namespace EconomicTariff {
         using OutputReportTabular::AddTOCEntry;
         using OutputReportTabular::displayTariffReport;
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         std::string const RoutineName("GetInputEconomicsTariff: ");
         int iInObj;    // loop index variable for reading in objects
@@ -715,15 +714,17 @@ namespace EconomicTariff {
                         tariff(iInObj).demandWindow = demandWindowHour;
                         tariff(iInObj).demWinTime = 1.00;
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid data");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Demand window of QuarterHour is not consistent with number of timesteps per hour [" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("Demand window of QuarterHour is not consistent with number of timesteps per hour [{}].", state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Demand window will be set to FullHour, and the simulation continues.");
                     } else if ((SELECT_CASE_var == 2) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 6) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 10) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 30)) {
                         tariff(iInObj).demandWindow = demandWindowHalf;
                         tariff(iInObj).demWinTime = 0.50;
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid data");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Demand window of QuarterHour is not consistent with number of timesteps per hour [" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("Demand window of QuarterHour is not consistent with number of timesteps per hour [{}].", state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Demand window will be set to HalfHour, and the simulation continues.");
                     } else if ((SELECT_CASE_var == 4) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 12) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 20) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 60)) {
                         tariff(iInObj).demandWindow = demandWindowQuarter;
@@ -737,8 +738,9 @@ namespace EconomicTariff {
                         tariff(iInObj).demandWindow = demandWindowHour;
                         tariff(iInObj).demWinTime = 1.00;
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid data");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Demand window of HalfHour is not consistent with number of timesteps per hour [" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("Demand window of HalfHour is not consistent with number of timesteps per hour [{}].", state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Demand window will be set to FullHour, and the simulation continues.");
                     } else if ((SELECT_CASE_var == 2) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 4) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 6) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 10) ||
                                (SELECT_CASE_var == 12) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 20) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 30) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 60)) {
@@ -3294,9 +3296,10 @@ namespace EconomicTariff {
                                (SELECT_CASE_var == kindAssignCompute) || (SELECT_CASE_var == kindTariff) || (SELECT_CASE_var == kindComputation)) {
                         // do nothing
                     } else {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "UtilityCost Debugging issue. Invalid kind of variable used (pushStack). " +
-                                         std::to_string(econVar(variablePointer).kindOfObj) +
-                                         " in tariff: " + tariff(econVar(variablePointer).tariffIndx).tariffName);
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("UtilityCost Debugging issue. Invalid kind of variable used (pushStack). {} in tariff: {}",
+                                                econVar(variablePointer).kindOfObj,
+                                                tariff(econVar(variablePointer).tariffIndx).tariffName));
                     }
                 }
                 // if the serviceCharges are being evaluated add in the monthly charges
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ElectricBaseboardRadiator.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ElectricBaseboardRadiator.cc
index e7a46f6fa8c..7b266f42ab9 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ElectricBaseboardRadiator.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ElectricBaseboardRadiator.cc
@@ -163,7 +163,6 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
         // Water baseboard module
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int BaseboardNum; // Index of unit in baseboard array
@@ -183,13 +182,19 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
         } else {
             BaseboardNum = CompIndex;
             if (BaseboardNum > NumElecBaseboards || BaseboardNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimElectricBaseboard:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumElecBaseboards) + ", Entered Unit name=" + EquipName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimElectricBaseboard:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      BaseboardNum,
+                                      NumElecBaseboards,
+                                      EquipName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(BaseboardNum)) {
                 if (EquipName != ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipName) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimElectricBaseboard: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) + ", Unit name=" + EquipName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipName);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimElectricBaseboard: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          BaseboardNum,
+                                          EquipName,
+                                          ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipName));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(BaseboardNum) = false;
             }
@@ -230,7 +235,7 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using GlobalNames::VerifyUniqueBaseboardName;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
@@ -238,7 +243,6 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
         using DataSizing::CapacityPerFloorArea;
         using DataSizing::FractionOfAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
         using DataSizing::HeatingDesignCapacity;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("GetBaseboardInput: "); // include trailing blank space
@@ -319,8 +323,10 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
                     ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum);
                     if (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0 && ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipName);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -336,8 +342,10 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
                     if (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFieldNames(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity == AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipName);
@@ -357,8 +365,10 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
                     ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum);
                     if (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipName);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -378,13 +388,13 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
             if (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant < MinFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(5) +
                                  " was lower than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFraction, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.2R}].", MinFraction));
                 ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant = MinFraction;
             }
             if (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant > MaxFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(5) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxFraction));
                 ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant = MaxFraction;
             }
 
@@ -403,19 +413,19 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
             if (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribPerson < MinFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(6) +
                                  " was lower than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFraction, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.2R}].", MinFraction));
                 ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribPerson = MinFraction;
             }
             if (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribPerson > MaxFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(6) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxFraction));
                 ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribPerson = MaxFraction;
             }
 
             ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib = NumNumbers - 6;
             //      IF (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum)%TotSurfToDistrib > MaxDistribSurfaces) THEN
-            //        CALL ShowWarningError(RoutineName//TRIM(cCurrentModuleObject)//'="'//TRIM(cAlphaArgs(1))// &
+            //        CALL ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName//TRIM(cCurrentModuleObject)//'="'//TRIM(cAlphaArgs(1))// &
             //          '", the number of surface/radiant fraction groups entered was higher than the allowable maximum.')
             //        CALL ShowContinueError(state, '...only the maximum value=['//TRIM(RoundSigDigits(MaxDistribSurfaces))// &
             //           '] will be processed.')
@@ -424,7 +434,7 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
             if ((ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib < MinDistribSurfaces) && (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant > MinFraction)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 "\", the number of surface/radiant fraction groups entered was less than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...the minimum that must be entered=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinDistribSurfaces) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...the minimum that must be entered=[{}].", MinDistribSurfaces));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib = 0; // error
             }
@@ -465,13 +475,13 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
                 if (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribToSurf(SurfNum) > MaxFraction) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(SurfNum + 6) +
                                      "was greater than the allowable maximum.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxFraction));
                     ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib = MaxFraction;
                 }
                 if (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribToSurf(SurfNum) < MinFraction) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(SurfNum + 6) +
                                      "was less than the allowable minimum.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFraction, 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MinFraction));
                     ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib = MinFraction;
                 }
                 if (ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).SurfacePtr(SurfNum) != 0) {
@@ -690,7 +700,6 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
         using namespace DataSizing;
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HeatingCapacitySizing;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("SizeElectricBaseboard");
@@ -1046,7 +1055,6 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::QElecBaseboardToPerson;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         Real64 const SmallestArea(0.001); // Smallest area in meters squared (to avoid a divide by zero)
@@ -1078,16 +1086,16 @@ namespace ElectricBaseboardRadiator {
                         if (ThisSurfIntensity > MaxRadHeatFlux) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "DistributeBBElecRadGains:  excessive thermal radiation heat flux intensity detected");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Surface = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Surface area = " + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 3) + " [m2]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface area = {:.3R} [m2]", Surface(SurfNum).Area));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + cCMO_BBRadiator_Electric + " = " + ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipName);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Radiation intensity = " + RoundSigDigits(ThisSurfIntensity, 2) + " [W/m2]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Radiation intensity = {:.2R} [W/m2]", ThisSurfIntensity));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Assign a larger surface area or more surfaces in " + cCMO_BBRadiator_Electric);
                             ShowFatalError(state, "DistributeBBElecRadGains:  excessive thermal radiation heat flux intensity detected");
                         }
                     } else {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "DistributeBBElecRadGains:  surface not large enough to receive thermal radiation heat flux");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Surface = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Surface area = " + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 3) + " [m2]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface area = {:.3R} [m2]", Surface(SurfNum).Area));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + cCMO_BBRadiator_Electric + " = " + ElecBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Assign a larger surface area or more surfaces in " + cCMO_BBRadiator_Electric);
                         ShowFatalError(state, "DistributeBBElecRadGains:  surface not large enough to receive thermal radiation heat flux");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ElectricPowerServiceManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ElectricPowerServiceManager.cc
index 66ffd449b83..14c31539a01 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ElectricPowerServiceManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ElectricPowerServiceManager.cc
@@ -2233,7 +2233,7 @@ void GeneratorController::simGeneratorGetPowerOutput(EnergyPlusData &state,
     if (electricPowerOutput < 0.0) {
         if (errCountNegElectProd_ == 0) {
             ShowWarningMessage(state, typeOfName + " named " + name + " is producing negative electric power, check generator inputs.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Electric power production rate =" + General::RoundSigDigits(electricPowerOutput, 4));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Electric power production rate ={:.4R}", electricPowerOutput));
             ShowContinueError(state, "The power will be set to zero, and the simulation continues... ");
         }
         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, typeOfName + " named " + name + " is producing negative electric power ",
@@ -3768,15 +3768,15 @@ bool ElectricStorage::determineCurrentForBatteryDischarge(EnergyPlusData &state,
             // Issue #5301 need more diagnostics for this case
             ShowWarningError(state,
                 "ElectricStorage::determineCurrentForBatteryDischarge, iteration limit exceeded, failed to solve for discharge current.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Last timestep charge available, q0 = " + General::RoundSigDigits(q0, 5));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "New Current, Inew = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Inew, 5) + " [Amps]");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Power discharge per module cell, Pw = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Pw, 5) + " ");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Charge Conversion Rate, [1/h] change rate from bound charge energy to available charge, parameter k = " +
-                              General::RoundSigDigits(k, 5));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "parameter c = " + General::RoundSigDigits(c, 5));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "parameter qmax = " + General::RoundSigDigits(qmax, 5));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Fully charged open circuit voltage, parameter E0c  = " + General::RoundSigDigits(E0c, 5));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "parameter InternalR = " + General::RoundSigDigits(InternalR, 5));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Last timestep charge available, q0 = {:.5R}", q0));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("New Current, Inew = {:.5R} [Amps]", Inew));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Power discharge per module cell, Pw = {:.5R} ", Pw));
+            ShowContinueError(
+                state, format("Charge Conversion Rate, [1/h] change rate from bound charge energy to available charge, parameter k = {:.5R}", k));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("parameter c = {:.5R}", c));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("parameter qmax = {:.5R}", qmax));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Fully charged open circuit voltage, parameter E0c  = {:.5R}", E0c));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("parameter InternalR = {:.5R}", InternalR));
             if (qmaxf == 0.0) {
                 ShowContinueError(state, "qmaxf was zero, would have divided by zero.");
             }
@@ -4009,7 +4009,7 @@ ElectricTransformer::ElectricTransformer(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string cons
             if (performanceInputMode_ == TransformerPerformanceInput::lossesMethod) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, routineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\".");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Specified " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(6) + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Specified " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(ratedCapacity_, 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Specified {} = {:.1R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), ratedCapacity_));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Transformer load and no load losses cannot be calculated with 0.0 rated capacity.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Simulation continues but transformer losses will be set to zero.");
             }
@@ -4026,8 +4026,7 @@ ElectricTransformer::ElectricTransformer(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string cons
                 maxPUL_ = ratedPUL_;
             } else if (maxPUL_ <= 0 || maxPUL_ > 1) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, routineName + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid entry.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11) + "=[" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(11), 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid {}=[{:.3R}].", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(11)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered value must be > 0 and <= 1.");
                 errorsFound = true;
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/EvaporativeCoolers.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/EvaporativeCoolers.cc
index 005dd9749d4..4b6733f02fe 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/EvaporativeCoolers.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/EvaporativeCoolers.cc
@@ -201,7 +201,6 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
         // at the system time step.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int EvapCoolNum; // The EvapCooler that you are currently loading input into
@@ -224,13 +223,18 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
         } else {
             EvapCoolNum = CompIndex;
             if (EvapCoolNum > NumEvapCool || EvapCoolNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimEvapCooler:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(EvapCoolNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumEvapCool) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format(
+                        "SimEvapCooler:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}", EvapCoolNum, NumEvapCool, CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(EvapCoolNum)) {
                 if (CompName != EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimEvapCooler: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(EvapCoolNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimEvapCooler: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          EvapCoolNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(EvapCoolNum) = false;
             }
@@ -1101,7 +1105,6 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataSizing;
         using Fans::SetFanData;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         bool CoolerOnOApath(false);
@@ -1262,9 +1265,9 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                         if ((std::abs(IndirectVolFlowRateDes - IndirectVolFlowRateUser) / IndirectVolFlowRateUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeEvaporativeCooler:Indirect:ResearchSpecial: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " +
                                         EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Secondary Fan Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(IndirectVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Secondary Fan Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(IndirectVolFlowRateDes, 5) +
-                                              " [m3/s]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Secondary Fan Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", IndirectVolFlowRateUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("differs from Design Size Secondary Fan Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", IndirectVolFlowRateDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -1341,11 +1344,12 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                 //"User-Specified Secondary Fan Flow Rate [m3/s]", IndirectVolFlowRateUser );
                 // if ( DisplayExtraWarnings ) {
                 // if ( ( std::abs( IndirectVolFlowRateDes - IndirectVolFlowRateUser ) / IndirectVolFlowRateUser ) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold ) {
-                // ShowMessage( "SizeEvaporativeCooler:Indirect:ResearchSpecial: \nPotential issue with equipment sizing for " + EvapCond( EvapCoolNum
-                // ).EvapCoolerName );  ShowContinueError(state,  "User-Specified Secondary Fan Flow Rate of " +  RoundSigDigits( IndirectVolFlowRateUser, 5
-                // ) + " [m3/s]" ); ShowContinueError(state,  "differs from Design Size Secondary Fan Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(
-                // IndirectVolFlowRateDes, 5 ) + " [m3/s]" ); ShowContinueError(state,  "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes." );
-                // ShowContinueError(state,  "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components." );
+                // ShowMessage(state,  "SizeEvaporativeCooler:Indirect:ResearchSpecial: \nPotential issue with equipment sizing for " + EvapCond(
+                // EvapCoolNum
+                // ).EvapCoolerName );  ShowContinueError(state,  "User-Specified Secondary Fan Flow Rate of " +  RoundSigDigits(
+                // IndirectVolFlowRateUser, 5 ) + " [m3/s]" ); ShowContinueError(state,  format("differs from Design Size Secondary Fan Flow Rate of
+                // {:.5R}", IndirectVolFlowRateDes) + " [m3/s]" ); ShowContinueError(state,  "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component
+                // sizes." ); ShowContinueError(state,  "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components." );
                 //}
                 //}
                 //}
@@ -1422,8 +1426,8 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                             if ((std::abs(PadAreaDes - PadAreaUser) / PadAreaUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeEvaporativeCooler:Direct:CelDekPad: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " +
                                             EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Celdek Pad Area of" + RoundSigDigits(PadAreaUser, 2) + " [m2]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Celdek Pad Area of " + RoundSigDigits(PadAreaDes, 2) + " [m2]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Celdek Pad Area of{:.2R} [m2]", PadAreaUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Celdek Pad Area of {:.2R} [m2]", PadAreaDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1461,8 +1465,8 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                         if ((std::abs(PadDepthDes - PadDepthUser) / PadDepthUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeEvaporativeCooler:Direct:CelDekPad: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " +
                                         EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Celdek Pad Depth of" + RoundSigDigits(PadDepthUser, 2) + " [m]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Celdek Pad Depth of " + RoundSigDigits(PadDepthDes, 2) + " [m]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Celdek Pad Depth of{:.2R} [m]", PadDepthUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Celdek Pad Depth of {:.2R} [m]", PadDepthDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -1553,8 +1557,8 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                             if ((std::abs(PadAreaDes - PadAreaUser) / PadAreaUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeEvaporativeCooler:Indirect:CelDekPad: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " +
                                             EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Celdek Pad Area " + RoundSigDigits(PadAreaUser, 2) + " [m2]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Celdek Pad Area of " + RoundSigDigits(PadAreaDes, 2) + " [m2]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Celdek Pad Area {:.2R} [m2]", PadAreaUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Celdek Pad Area of {:.2R} [m2]", PadAreaDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1590,8 +1594,8 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                         if ((std::abs(PadDepthDes - PadDepthUser) / PadDepthUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeEvaporativeCooler:Indirect:CelDekPad: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " +
                                         EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Celdek Pad Depth of" + RoundSigDigits(PadDepthUser, 2) + " [m]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Celdek Pad Depth of " + RoundSigDigits(PadDepthDes, 2) + " [m]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Celdek Pad Depth of{:.2R} [m]", PadDepthUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Celdek Pad Depth of {:.2R} [m]", PadDepthDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -1657,7 +1661,6 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1704,8 +1707,8 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
             if (SatEff < 0.0) { // we have a serious problem.  Pad Area and/or depth not suitable for system air flow rates
                 ShowSevereError(state, "EVAPCOOLER:DIRECT:CELDEKPAD: " + EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName + " has a problem");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Check size of Pad Area and/or Pad Depth in input");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Cooler Effectiveness calculated as: " + RoundSigDigits(SatEff, 2));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Air velocity (m/s) through pads calculated as: " + RoundSigDigits(AirVel, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Cooler Effectiveness calculated as: {:.2R}", SatEff));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Air velocity (m/s) through pads calculated as: {:.2R}", AirVel));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Program Terminates due to previous error condition");
             }
             EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).SatEff = SatEff;
@@ -2460,7 +2463,7 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
         using DataEnvironment::OutBaroPress;
         using DataEnvironment::OutDryBulbTemp;
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallLoad;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyHfgAirFnWTdb;
 
@@ -2548,8 +2551,7 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                                             "Evaporative Cooler Research Special = " +
                                             EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(MaxIte) +
-                                              "] exceeded in calculating secondary air mass flow rate");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("  Iteration limit [{}] exceeded in calculating secondary air mass flow rate", MaxIte));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "  Simulation continues");
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -2565,8 +2567,8 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                                             EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Bad secondary air mass flow rate limits");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Given minimum secondary air mass flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MassFlowRateSecMin, 3) + " kg/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Given maximum secondary air mass flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MassFlowRateSecMax, 3) + " kg/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given minimum secondary air mass flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MassFlowRateSecMin));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given maximum secondary air mass flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MassFlowRateSecMax));
                             ShowContinueError(state, " Simulation continues");
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Secondary air mass flow control failed in Indirect Evaporative Cooler Research Special = " +
@@ -2610,8 +2612,7 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                                             "Evaporative Cooler Research Special = " +
                                             EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(MaxIte) +
-                                              "] exceeded in calculating secondary air mass flow rate");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("  Iteration limit [{}] exceeded in calculating secondary air mass flow rate", MaxIte));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "  Simulation continues");
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -2627,8 +2628,8 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                                             EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Bad secondary air mass flow rate limits");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Given minimum secondary air mass flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MassFlowRateSecMin, 3) + " kg/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Given maximum secondary air mass flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MassFlowRateSecMax, 3) + " kg/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given minimum secondary air mass flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MassFlowRateSecMin));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given maximum secondary air mass flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MassFlowRateSecMax));
                             ShowContinueError(state, " Simulation continues");
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Secondary air mass flow control failed in Indirect Evaporative Cooler Research Special = " +
@@ -2659,8 +2660,7 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                                             "Evaporative Cooler Research Special = " +
                                             EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(MaxIte) +
-                                              "] exceeded in calculating secondary air mass flow rate");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("  Iteration limit [{}] exceeded in calculating secondary air mass flow rate", MaxIte));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "  Simulation continues");
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -2676,8 +2676,8 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                                             EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Bad secondary air mass flow rate limits");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Given minimum secondary air mass flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MassFlowRateSecMin, 3) + " kg/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Given maximum secondary air mass flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MassFlowRateSecMax, 3) + " kg/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given minimum secondary air mass flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MassFlowRateSecMin));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given maximum secondary air mass flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MassFlowRateSecMax));
                             ShowContinueError(state, " Simulation continues");
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Secondary air mass flow control failed in Indirect Evaporative Cooler Research Special = " +
@@ -2731,8 +2731,7 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                                             "Evaporative Cooler Research Special = " +
                                             EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(MaxIte) +
-                                              "] exceeded in calculating secondary air mass flow rate");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("  Iteration limit [{}] exceeded in calculating secondary air mass flow rate", MaxIte));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "  Simulation continues");
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -2748,8 +2747,8 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                                             EvapCond(EvapCoolNum).EvapCoolerName);
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Bad secondary air mass flow rate limits");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Given minimum secondary air mass flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MassFlowRateSecMin, 3) + " kg/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Given maximum secondary air mass flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MassFlowRateSecMax, 3) + " kg/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given minimum secondary air mass flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MassFlowRateSecMin));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given maximum secondary air mass flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MassFlowRateSecMax));
                             ShowContinueError(state, " Simulation continues");
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Secondary air mass flow control failed in Indirect Evaporative Cooler Research Special = " +
@@ -3586,7 +3585,6 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
         // public simulation routine for managing zone hvac evaporative cooler unit
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int CompNum;
@@ -3606,13 +3604,20 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
         } else {
             CompNum = CompIndex;
             if (CompNum < 1 || CompNum > NumZoneEvapUnits) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimZoneEvaporativeCoolerUnit: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                               ", Number of units =" + TrimSigDigits(NumZoneEvapUnits) + ", Entered Unit name = " + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimZoneEvaporativeCoolerUnit: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of units ={}, Entered Unit name = {}",
+                                      CompNum,
+                                      NumZoneEvapUnits,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckZoneEvapUnitName(CompNum)) {
                 if (CompName != ZoneEvapUnit(CompNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimZoneEvaporativeCoolerUnit: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored unit name for that index=" + ZoneEvapUnit(CompNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SimZoneEvaporativeCoolerUnit: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored unit name for that index={}",
+                               CompNum,
+                               CompName,
+                               ZoneEvapUnit(CompNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckZoneEvapUnitName(CompNum) = false;
             }
@@ -3647,7 +3652,7 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
         using Fans::GetFanOutletNode;
         using Fans::GetFanType;
         using Fans::GetFanVolFlow;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -4091,7 +4096,6 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipInputsFilled;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEvaporativeCoolerUnit_Num;
         using Fans::GetFanVolFlow;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
 
@@ -4142,9 +4146,9 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                 if (ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate < ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).DesignAirVolumeFlowRate) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "InitZoneEvaporativeCoolerUnit: ZoneHVAC:EvaporativeCoolerUnit = " + ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...unit fan volumetric flow rate less than evaporative cooler unit design supply air flow rate.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...fan volumetric flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate, 5) + " m3/s.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state,
-                        "...evap cooler unit volumetric flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).DesignAirVolumeFlowRate, 5) + " m3/s.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...fan volumetric flow rate = {:.5T} m3/s.", ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("...evap cooler unit volumetric flow rate = {:.5T} m3/s.", ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).DesignAirVolumeFlowRate));
                     ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).DesignAirVolumeFlowRate = ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate;
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...evaporative cooler unit design supply air flow rate will match fan flow rate and simulation continues.");
                     ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).MyEnvrn = true; // re-initialize to set mass flow rate and max mass flow rate
@@ -4281,7 +4285,6 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
         using DataSizing::CurZoneEqNum;
         using DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing;
         using DataSizing::ZoneSizingRunDone;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -4665,13 +4668,15 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                 if (ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).UnitLoadControlMaxIterErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating evap unit part load ratio, for unit=" + ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).Name);
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Unit part load ratio returned=" + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadRatio, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Unit part load ratio returned={:.2R}", PartLoadRatio));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check input for Fan Placement.");
                 }
-                ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Zone Evaporative Cooler unit part load ratio control failed (iteration limit [" +
-                                                   General::RoundSigDigits(MaxIte) + "]) for ZoneHVAC:EvaporativeCoolerUnit =\"" +
-                                                   ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).Name,
-                                               ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).UnitLoadControlMaxIterErrorIndex);
+                ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
+                    format(
+                        "Zone Evaporative Cooler unit part load ratio control failed (iteration limit [{}]) for ZoneHVAC:EvaporativeCoolerUnit =\"{}",
+                        MaxIte,
+                        ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).Name),
+                    ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).UnitLoadControlMaxIterErrorIndex);
 
             } else if (SolFla == -2) {
                 if (ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).UnitLoadControlLimitsErrorIndex == 0) {
@@ -4742,7 +4747,7 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataHVACGlobals::ZoneCompTurnFansOff;
         using DataHVACGlobals::ZoneCompTurnFansOn;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
 
@@ -4825,12 +4830,14 @@ namespace EvaporativeCoolers {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating variable speed evap unit fan speed ratio, for unit=" +
                                      ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).Name);
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Fan speed ratio returned=" + RoundSigDigits(FanSpeedRatio, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Fan speed ratio returned={:.2R}", FanSpeedRatio));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check input for Fan Placement.");
                 }
-                ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Zone Evaporative Cooler unit control failed (iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(MaxIte) +
-                                                   "]) for ZoneHVAC:EvaporativeCoolerUnit =\"" + ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).Name,
-                                               ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).UnitVSControlMaxIterErrorIndex);
+                ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
+                    format("Zone Evaporative Cooler unit control failed (iteration limit [{}]) for ZoneHVAC:EvaporativeCoolerUnit =\"{}",
+                           MaxIte,
+                           ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).Name),
+                    ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).UnitVSControlMaxIterErrorIndex);
 
             } else if (SolFla == -2) {
                 if (ZoneEvapUnit(UnitNum).UnitVSControlLimitsErrorIndex == 0) {
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/EvaporativeFluidCoolers.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/EvaporativeFluidCoolers.cc
index 532f2385cc9..0439c624b76 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/EvaporativeFluidCoolers.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/EvaporativeFluidCoolers.cc
@@ -1248,9 +1248,11 @@ namespace EvaporativeFluidCoolers {
             }
             if (DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp <= DesignEnteringAirWetBulb) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "Error when autosizing the UA value for Evaporative Fluid Cooler = " + this->Name + '.');
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Design Loop Exit Temperature (" + General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2) +
-                                  " C) must be greater than design entering air wet-bulb temperature (" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DesignEnteringAirWetBulb, 2) + " C) when autosizing the Evaporative Fluid Cooler UA.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Design Loop Exit Temperature ({:.2R} C) must be greater than design entering air wet-bulb temperature "
+                                         "({:.2R} C) when autosizing the Evaporative Fluid Cooler UA.",
+                                         DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp,
+                                         DesignEnteringAirWetBulb));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "It is recommended that the Design Loop Exit Temperature = Design Entering Air Wet-bulb Temp plus the Evaporative "
                                   "Fluid Cooler design approach temperature (e.g., 4 C).");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "If using HVACTemplate:Plant:ChilledWaterLoop, then check that input field Condenser Water Design Setpoint must be "
@@ -1419,9 +1421,10 @@ namespace EvaporativeFluidCoolers {
                     // temperature is less than design inlet air wet bulb temperature of 25.6 C
                     if (DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp <= 25.6) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "Error when autosizing the UA value for Evaporative Fluid Cooler = " + this->Name + '.');
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Loop Exit Temperature (" +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2) +
-                                          " C) must be greater than 25.6 C when autosizing the Evaporative Fluid Cooler UA.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Design Loop Exit Temperature ({:.2R} C) must be greater than 25.6 C when autosizing the "
+                                                 "Evaporative Fluid Cooler UA.",
+                                                 DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "The Design Loop Exit Temperature specified in Sizing:Plant object = " +
                                           DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).PlantLoopName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "It is recommended that the Design Loop Exit Temperature = 25.6 C plus the Evaporative Fluid Cooler design "
@@ -1459,7 +1462,7 @@ namespace EvaporativeFluidCoolers {
                     if (SolFla == -1) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded in calculating evaporative fluid cooler UA.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Autosizing of fluid cooler UA failed for evaporative fluid cooler = " + this->Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The final UA value = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA, 2) + "W/C, and the simulation continues...");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The final UA value = {:.2R}W/C, and the simulation continues...", UA));
                     } else if (SolFla == -2) {
                         this->SimSimpleEvapFluidCooler(state, Par(2), Par(3), UA0, OutWaterTempAtUA0);
                         this->SimSimpleEvapFluidCooler(state, Par(2), Par(3), UA1, OutWaterTempAtUA1);
@@ -1477,25 +1480,27 @@ namespace EvaporativeFluidCoolers {
                             "based on the autosized values shown below or to adjust design evaporative fluid cooler air inlet wet-bulb temperature.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Plant:Sizing object inputs also influence these results (e.g. DeltaT and ExitTemp).");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Inputs to the evaporative fluid cooler object:");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Load [W]                      = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(1), 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Volume Flow Rate [m3/s] = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(this->DesignWaterFlowRate, 6));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Air Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]   = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(3), 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Air Inlet Wet-bulb Temp [C]   = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(this->inletConds.AirWetBulb, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]          = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(this->inletConds.WaterTemp, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Load [W]                      = {:.2R}", Par(1)));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Volume Flow Rate [m3/s] = {:.6R}", this->DesignWaterFlowRate));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Air Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]   = {:.2R}", Par(3)));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Air Inlet Wet-bulb Temp [C]   = {:.2R}", this->inletConds.AirWetBulb));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]          = {:.2R}", this->inletConds.WaterTemp));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Inputs to the plant sizing object:");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Exit Water Temp [C]                                    = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Loop Design Temperature Difference [C]                        = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]          = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(this->inletConds.WaterTemp, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated water outlet temperature at low UA [C](UA = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA0, 2) +
-                                          " W/C)  = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutWaterTempAtUA0, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated water outlet temperature at high UA [C](UA = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA1, 2) +
-                                          " W/C)  = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutWaterTempAtUA1, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Design Exit Water Temp [C]                                    = {:.2R}",
+                                                 DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Loop Design Temperature Difference [C]                        = {:.2R}",
+                                                 DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]          = {:.2R}", this->inletConds.WaterTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("Calculated water outlet temperature at low UA [C](UA = {:.2R} W/C)  = {:.2R}", UA0, OutWaterTempAtUA0));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("Calculated water outlet temperature at high UA [C](UA = {:.2R} W/C)  = {:.2R}", UA1, OutWaterTempAtUA1));
                         ShowFatalError(state, "Autosizing of Evaporative Fluid Cooler UA failed for Evaporative Fluid Cooler = " + this->Name);
                     }
                     if (DataPlant::PlantFirstSizesOkayToFinalize) this->HighSpeedEvapFluidCoolerUA = UA;
@@ -1568,7 +1573,7 @@ namespace EvaporativeFluidCoolers {
                 if (SolFla == -1) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded in calculating evaporative fluid cooler UA.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Autosizing of fluid cooler UA failed for evaporative fluid cooler = " + this->Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The final UA value = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA, 2) + "W/C, and the simulation continues...");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("The final UA value = {:.2R}W/C, and the simulation continues...", UA));
                 } else if (SolFla == -2) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CalledFrom + ": The combination of design input values did not allow the calculation of a ");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "reasonable UA value. Review and revise design input values as appropriate. ");
@@ -1639,7 +1644,7 @@ namespace EvaporativeFluidCoolers {
                 if (SolFla == -1) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded in calculating evaporative fluid cooler UA.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Autosizing of fluid cooler UA failed for evaporative fluid cooler = " + this->Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The final UA value = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA, 2) + "W/C, and the simulation continues...");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("The final UA value = {:.2R}W/C, and the simulation continues...", UA));
                 } else if (SolFla == -2) {
                     this->SimSimpleEvapFluidCooler(state, Par(2), Par(3), UA0, OutWaterTempAtUA0);
                     this->SimSimpleEvapFluidCooler(state, Par(2), Par(3), UA1, OutWaterTempAtUA1);
@@ -1657,25 +1662,27 @@ namespace EvaporativeFluidCoolers {
                         "based on the autosized values shown below or to adjust design evaporative fluid cooler air inlet wet-bulb temperature.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Plant:Sizing object inputs also influence these results (e.g. DeltaT and ExitTemp).");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Inputs to the evaporative fluid cooler object:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Load [W]                      = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(1), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Volume Flow Rate [m3/s] = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->DesignWaterFlowRate, 6));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Air Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]   = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(3), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Air Inlet Wet-bulb Temp [C]   = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->inletConds.AirWetBulb, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]          = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->inletConds.WaterTemp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Load [W]                      = {:.2R}", Par(1)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Volume Flow Rate [m3/s] = {:.6R}", this->DesignWaterFlowRate));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Air Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]   = {:.2R}", Par(3)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Air Inlet Wet-bulb Temp [C]   = {:.2R}", this->inletConds.AirWetBulb));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]          = {:.2R}", this->inletConds.WaterTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Inputs to the plant sizing object:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Exit Water Temp [C]                                    = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Loop Design Temperature Difference [C]                        = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]          = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->inletConds.WaterTemp, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated water outlet temperature at low UA [C](UA = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA0, 2) +
-                                      " W/C)  = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutWaterTempAtUA0, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated water outlet temperature at high UA [C](UA = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA1, 2) +
-                                      " W/C)  = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutWaterTempAtUA1, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Design Exit Water Temp [C]                                    = {:.2R}",
+                                             DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Loop Design Temperature Difference [C]                        = {:.2R}",
+                                             DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]          = {:.2R}", this->inletConds.WaterTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Calculated water outlet temperature at low UA [C](UA = {:.2R} W/C)  = {:.2R}", UA0, OutWaterTempAtUA0));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("Calculated water outlet temperature at high UA [C](UA = {:.2R} W/C)  = {:.2R}", UA1, OutWaterTempAtUA1));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Autosizing of Evaporative Fluid Cooler UA failed for Evaporative Fluid Cooler = " + this->Name);
                 }
                 this->HighSpeedEvapFluidCoolerUA = UA;
@@ -1780,7 +1787,7 @@ namespace EvaporativeFluidCoolers {
                 if (SolFla == -1) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded in calculating evaporative fluid cooler UA.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Autosizing of fluid cooler UA failed for evaporative fluid cooler = " + this->Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The final UA value = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA, 2) + "W/C, and the simulation continues...");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("The final UA value = {:.2R}W/C, and the simulation continues...", UA));
                 } else if (SolFla == -2) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CalledFrom + ": The combination of design input values did not allow the calculation of a ");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "reasonable low-speed UA value. Review and revise design input values as appropriate. ");
@@ -1846,21 +1853,17 @@ namespace EvaporativeFluidCoolers {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "temperatures calculated at high and low UA values. If the Design Exit Water Temperature is ");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "out of this range, the solution will not converge and UA will not be calculated. ");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Inputs to the Evaporative Fluid Cooler model are:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Load                    = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(1), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Volume Flow Rate  = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(2), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Air Volume Flow Rate    = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(3), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Air Inlet Wet-bulb Temp = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->inletConds.AirWetBulb, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp        = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->inletConds.WaterTemp, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Exit Water Temp                                  = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]    = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->inletConds.WaterTemp, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated water outlet temperature at low UA(" + General::RoundSigDigits(UA0, 2) +
-                                      ")  = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutWaterTempAtUA0, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated water outlet temperature at high UA(" + General::RoundSigDigits(UA1, 2) +
-                                      ")  = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutWaterTempAtUA1, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Load                    = {:.2R}", Par(1)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Volume Flow Rate  = {:.2R}", Par(2)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Air Volume Flow Rate    = {:.2R}", Par(3)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Air Inlet Wet-bulb Temp = {:.2R}", this->inletConds.AirWetBulb));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp        = {:.2R}", this->inletConds.WaterTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Design Exit Water Temp                                  = {:.2R}", DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Evaporative Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]    = {:.2R}", this->inletConds.WaterTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated water outlet temperature at low UA({:.2R})  = {:.2R}", UA0, OutWaterTempAtUA0));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated water outlet temperature at high UA({:.2R})  = {:.2R}", UA1, OutWaterTempAtUA1));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Autosizing of Evaporative Fluid Cooler UA failed for Evaporative Fluid Cooler = " + this->Name);
                 }
                 this->LowSpeedEvapFluidCoolerUA = UA;
@@ -2478,9 +2481,8 @@ namespace EvaporativeFluidCoolers {
             if (this->HighMassFlowErrorCount < 2) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, this->EvapFluidCoolerType + " \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Condenser Loop Mass Flow Rate is much greater than the evaporative fluid coolers design mass flow rate.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Condenser Loop Mass Flow Rate = " +
-                                  General::TrimSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(this->WaterOutletNode).MassFlowRate, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Evaporative Fluid Cooler Design Mass Flow Rate   = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesWaterMassFlowRate, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Condenser Loop Mass Flow Rate = {:.6T}", DataLoopNode::Node(this->WaterOutletNode).MassFlowRate));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Evaporative Fluid Cooler Design Mass Flow Rate   = {:.6T}", this->DesWaterMassFlowRate));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             } else {
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -2521,7 +2523,7 @@ namespace EvaporativeFluidCoolers {
                 ShowWarningError(state, this->EvapFluidCoolerType + " \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Evaporative fluid cooler water mass flow rate near zero.");
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Actual Mass flow = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->WaterMassFlowRate, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Actual Mass flow = {:.2T}", this->WaterMassFlowRate));
             } else {
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, this->EvapFluidCoolerType + " \"" + this->Name +
                                                    "\" Evaporative fluid cooler water mass flow rate near zero error continues...",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ExteriorEnergyUse.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ExteriorEnergyUse.cc
index 34a9b3470f2..43cd100936f 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ExteriorEnergyUse.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ExteriorEnergyUse.cc
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ namespace ExteriorEnergyUse {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMaxValue;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMinValue;
@@ -178,13 +178,13 @@ namespace ExteriorEnergyUse {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + ": invalid " + cAlphaFieldNames(2) + " minimum, is < 0.0 for " +
                                         cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaArgs(2) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) + "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", cAlphaArgs(2), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + ": invalid " + cAlphaFieldNames(2) + " maximum, is < 0.0 for " +
                                         cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaArgs(2) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) + "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", cAlphaArgs(2), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -335,13 +335,13 @@ namespace ExteriorEnergyUse {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + ": invalid " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) + " minimum, is < 0.0 for " +
                                         cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaArgs(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) + "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", cAlphaArgs(3), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + ": invalid " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) + " maximum, is < 0.0 for " +
                                         cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaArgs(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) + "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", cAlphaArgs(3), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -388,13 +388,13 @@ namespace ExteriorEnergyUse {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + ": invalid " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) + " minimum, is < 0.0 for " +
                                         cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaArgs(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) + "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", cAlphaArgs(3), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + ": invalid " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) + " maximum, is < 0.0 for " +
                                         cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaArgs(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) + "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", cAlphaArgs(3), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ExternalInterface.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ExternalInterface.cc
index 5c544f4722d..bb8f03079a3 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ExternalInterface.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ExternalInterface.cc
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
         // This subroutine is for initializations of the ExternalInterface
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using RuntimeLanguageProcessor::FindEMSVariable;
         using RuntimeLanguageProcessor::isExternalInterfaceErlVariable;
         using ScheduleManager::GetDayScheduleIndex;
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
             if (FileSystem::fileExists(socCfgFilNam)) {
                 socketFD = establishclientsocket(socCfgFilNam.c_str());
                 if (socketFD < 0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "ExternalInterface: Could not open socket. File descriptor = " + TrimSigDigits(socketFD) + '.');
+                    ShowSevereError(state, format("ExternalInterface: Could not open socket. File descriptor = {}.", socketFD));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             } else {
@@ -643,9 +643,9 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
 
             if (nOutVal + nInpVar > maxVar) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "ExternalInterface: Too many variables to be exchanged.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Attempted to exchange " + TrimSigDigits(nOutVal) + " outputs");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "plus " + TrimSigDigits(nOutVal) + " inputs.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Maximum allowed is sum is " + TrimSigDigits(maxVar) + '.');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Attempted to exchange {} outputs", nOutVal));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("plus {} inputs.", nOutVal));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Maximum allowed is sum is {}.", maxVar));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "To fix, increase maxVar in ExternalInterface.cc");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -668,8 +668,8 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
             }
             StopExternalInterfaceIfError(state);
 
-            DisplayString(state, "Number of outputs in ExternalInterface = " + TrimSigDigits(nOutVal));
-            DisplayString(state, "Number of inputs  in ExternalInterface = " + TrimSigDigits(nInpVar));
+            DisplayString(state, format("Number of outputs in ExternalInterface = {}", nOutVal));
+            DisplayString(state, format("Number of inputs  in ExternalInterface = {}", nInpVar));
 
             InitExternalInterfacefirstCall = false;
 
@@ -731,7 +731,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using EMSManager::ManageEMS;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using RuntimeLanguageProcessor::ExternalInterfaceSetErlVariable;
         using RuntimeLanguageProcessor::FindEMSVariable;
         using RuntimeLanguageProcessor::isExternalInterfaceErlVariable;
@@ -790,7 +790,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
                         if (FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus != fmiOK) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "ExternalInterface/GetSetVariablesAndDoStepFMUImport: Error when trying to get outputs");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name + "\"");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Error Code = \"" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus) + "\"");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Error Code = \"{}\"", FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             StopExternalInterfaceIfError(state);
                         }
@@ -821,7 +821,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
                         if (FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus != fmiOK) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "ExternalInterface/GetSetVariablesAndDoStepFMUImport: Error when trying to get outputs");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name + "\"");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Error Code = \"" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus) + "\"");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Error Code = \"{}\"", FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             StopExternalInterfaceIfError(state);
                         }
@@ -852,7 +852,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
                         if (FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus != fmiOK) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "ExternalInterface/GetSetVariablesAndDoStepFMUImport: Error when trying to get outputs");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name + "\"");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Error Code = \"" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus) + "\"");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Error Code = \"{}\"", FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             StopExternalInterfaceIfError(state);
                         }
@@ -916,7 +916,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
                     if (FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus != fmiOK) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "ExternalInterface/GetSetVariablesAndDoStepFMUImport: Error when trying to set inputs");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "in instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Error Code = \"" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus) + "\"");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Error Code = \"{}\"", FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                         StopExternalInterfaceIfError(state);
                     }
@@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "ExternalInterface/GetSetVariablesAndDoStepFMUImport: Error when trying to");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "do the coSimulation with instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name + "\"");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Error Code = \"" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus) + "\"");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Error Code = \"{}\"", FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     StopExternalInterfaceIfError(state);
                 }
@@ -957,7 +957,6 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
         // This routine instantiates and initializes FMUs.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int i, j; // Loop counters
@@ -991,7 +990,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
                 if (FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus != fmiOK) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "ExternalInterface/CalcExternalInterfaceFMUImport: Error when trying to initialize");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name + "\"");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Error Code = \"" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus) + "\"");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Error Code = \"{}\"", FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     StopExternalInterfaceIfError(state);
                 }
@@ -1011,7 +1010,6 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
         // This routine reinitializes FMUs.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int i, j; // Loop counters
@@ -1025,7 +1023,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
                 if (FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus != fmiOK) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "ExternalInterface/CalcExternalInterfaceFMUImport: Error when trying to initialize");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name + "\"");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Error Code = \"" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus) + "\"");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Error Code = \"{}\"", FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     StopExternalInterfaceIfError(state);
                 }
@@ -1087,7 +1085,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
         using DataStringGlobals::CurrentWorkingFolder;
         using DataStringGlobals::pathChar;
         using DataSystemVariables::CheckForActualFileName;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using RuntimeLanguageProcessor::FindEMSVariable;
         using RuntimeLanguageProcessor::isExternalInterfaceErlVariable;
         using ScheduleManager::GetDayScheduleIndex;
@@ -1491,20 +1489,22 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
                 for (j = 1; j <= FMU(i).NumInstances; ++j) {
                     // check whether the number of input variables in fmu is bigger than in the idf
                     if (FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInFMU > FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInIDF) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "InitExternalInterfaceFMUImport: The number of input variables defined in input file (" +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInIDF) + ')');
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("InitExternalInterfaceFMUImport: The number of input variables defined in input file ({})",
+                                                FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInIDF));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "of instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name +
                                           "\" is less than the number of input variables");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "in the modelDescription file (" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInFMU) + ").");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("in the modelDescription file ({}).", FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInFMU));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the input file and the modelDescription file again.");
                     }
                     // check whether the number of input variables in fmu is less than in the idf
                     if (FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInFMU < FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInIDF) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "InitExternalInterfaceFMUImport: The number of input variables defined in input file (" +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInIDF) + ')');
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("InitExternalInterfaceFMUImport: The number of input variables defined in input file ({})",
+                                                FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInIDF));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "of instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name +
                                           "\" is bigger than the number of input variables");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "in the modelDescription file (" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInFMU) + ").");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("in the modelDescription file ({}).", FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInFMU));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the input file and the modelDescription file again.");
                     }
                 }
@@ -1821,27 +1821,33 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
                                                                  FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesActuator;
                     // check whether the number of output variables in fmu is bigger than in the idf
                     if (FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInFMU > FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInIDF) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "InitExternalInterfaceFMUImport: The number of output variables defined in input file (" +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInIDF) + ')');
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("InitExternalInterfaceFMUImport: The number of output variables defined in input file ({})",
+                                                FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInIDF));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "of instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name +
                                           "\" is less than the number of output variables");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "in the modelDescription file (" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInFMU) + ").");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("in the modelDescription file ({}).", FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInFMU));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the input file and the modelDescription file again.");
                     }
                     // check whether the number of output variables in fmu is less than in the idf
                     if (FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInFMU < FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInIDF) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "InitExternalInterfaceFMUImport: The number of output variables defined in input file (" +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInIDF) + ')');
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("InitExternalInterfaceFMUImport: The number of output variables defined in input file ({})",
+                                                FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInIDF));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "of instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name +
                                           "\" is bigger than the number of output variables");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "in the modelDescription file (" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInFMU) + ").");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("in the modelDescription file ({}).", FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInFMU));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the input file and the modelDescription file again.");
                     }
 
-                    DisplayString(state, "Number of inputs in instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name + "\" = \"" +
-                                  TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInIDF) + "\".");
-                    DisplayString(state, "Number of outputs in instance \"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name + "\" = \"" +
-                                  TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInIDF) + "\".");
+                    DisplayString(state, format("Number of inputs in instance \"{}\" of FMU \"{}\" = \"{}\".",
+                                         FMU(i).Instance(j).Name,
+                                         FMU(i).Name,
+                                         FMU(i).Instance(j).NumInputVariablesInIDF));
+                    DisplayString(state, format("Number of outputs in instance \"{}\" of FMU \"{}\" = \"{}\".",
+                                         FMU(i).Instance(j).Name,
+                                         FMU(i).Name,
+                                         FMU(i).Instance(j).NumOutputVariablesInIDF));
                 }
             }
             StopExternalInterfaceIfError(state);
@@ -1983,7 +1989,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
         using DataEnvironment::TotDesDays;
         using DataSystemVariables::UpdateDataDuringWarmupExternalInterface;
         using EMSManager::ManageEMS;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using RuntimeLanguageProcessor::ExternalInterfaceSetErlVariable;
         using RuntimeLanguageProcessor::FindEMSVariable;
         using RuntimeLanguageProcessor::isExternalInterfaceErlVariable;
@@ -2112,8 +2118,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
                                 ShowSevereError(state,
                                     "ExternalInterface/CalcExternalInterfaceFMUImport: Error when trying to set an input value in instance \"" +
                                     FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\"");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name + "\"; Error Code = \"" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus) +
-                                                  "\"");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("of FMU \"{}\"; Error Code = \"{}\"", FMU(i).Name, FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                                 StopExternalInterfaceIfError(state);
                             }
@@ -2170,7 +2175,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "ExternalInterface/CalcExternalInterfaceFMUImport: ");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Error when trying to set inputs in instance");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "\"" + FMU(i).Instance(j).Name + "\" of FMU \"" + FMU(i).Name + "\"");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Error Code = \"" + TrimSigDigits(FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus) + "\"");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Error Code = \"{}\"", FMU(i).Instance(j).fmistatus));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             StopExternalInterfaceIfError(state);
                         }
@@ -2281,7 +2286,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using EMSManager::ManageEMS;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using RuntimeLanguageProcessor::ExternalInterfaceSetErlVariable;
         using ScheduleManager::ExternalInterfaceSetSchedule;
         // using DataPrecisionGlobals;
@@ -2315,8 +2320,9 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
         // Socket asked to terminate simulation, but simulation continues
         if (noMoreValues && showContinuationWithoutUpdate) {
             if (haveExternalInterfaceBCVTB) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "ExternalInterface: Continue simulation without updated values from server at t =" +
-                                 TrimSigDigits(preSimTim / 3600.0, 2) + " hours");
+                ShowWarningError(
+                    state,
+                    format("ExternalInterface: Continue simulation without updated values from server at t ={:.2T} hours", preSimTim / 3600.0));
             }
             showContinuationWithoutUpdate = false;
         }
@@ -2377,8 +2383,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
 
             // Make sure we get the right number of double values, unless retVal != 0
             if ((flaRea == 0) && (!ErrorsFound) && continueSimulation && (nDblRea != isize(varInd))) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "ExternalInterface: Received \"" + TrimSigDigits(nDblRea) + "\" double values, expected \"" +
-                                TrimSigDigits(size(varInd)) + "\".");
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("ExternalInterface: Received \"{}\" double values, expected \"{}\".", nDblRea, size(varInd)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 StopExternalInterfaceIfError(state);
             }
@@ -2392,7 +2397,7 @@ namespace ExternalInterface {
                         ExternalInterfaceSetErlVariable(varInd(i), dblValRea(i));
                     } else {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "ExternalInterface: Error in finding the type of the input variable for EnergyPlus");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "variable index: " + std::to_string(i) + ". Variable will not be updated.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("variable index: {}. Variable will not be updated.", i));
                     }
                 }
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/FanCoilUnits.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/FanCoilUnits.cc
index 5c96180a1a6..6d35e115d15 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/FanCoilUnits.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/FanCoilUnits.cc
@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHVACGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalFanSys.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataIPShortCuts.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataPrecisionGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSizing.hh>
@@ -239,7 +238,6 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
         // Manages the simulation of a fan coil unit. Called from SimZone Equipment
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int FanCoilNum; // index of fan coil unit being simulated
@@ -262,13 +260,17 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
         } else {
             FanCoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (FanCoilNum > NumFanCoils || FanCoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimFanCoil:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(FanCoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumFanCoils) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format("SimFanCoil:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}", FanCoilNum, NumFanCoils, CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(FanCoilNum)) {
                 if (CompName != FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimFanCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(FanCoilNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimFanCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          FanCoilNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(FanCoilNum) = false;
             }
@@ -318,9 +320,8 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
         using BranchNodeConnections::TestCompSet;
         using Fans::GetFanDesignVolumeFlowRate;
         using Fans::GetFanType;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
-        using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using WaterCoils::GetCoilWaterInletNode;
         auto &GetHXCoilWaterInletNode(HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::GetCoilWaterInletNode);
         auto &GetHeatingCoilCapacity(HeatingCoils::GetCoilCapacity);
@@ -464,9 +465,8 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
             if (FanCoil(FanCoilNum).LowSpeedRatio > FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MedSpeedRatio) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name + "\",");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFields(2) + " is greater than the medium speed supply air flow ratio.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan Coil Unit low speed supply air flow ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).LowSpeedRatio, 5) + ' ');
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan Coit Unit medium speed supply air flow ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MedSpeedRatio, 5) +
-                                  ' ');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... Fan Coil Unit low speed supply air flow ratio = {:.5T} ", FanCoil(FanCoilNum).LowSpeedRatio));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... Fan Coit Unit medium speed supply air flow ratio = {:.5T} ", FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MedSpeedRatio));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan Coil Unit low speed supply air flow ratio and medium speed supply air flow ratio set to default values");
                 FanCoil(FanCoilNum).LowSpeedRatio = 1.0 / 3.0;
                 FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MedSpeedRatio = 2.0 / 3.0;
@@ -687,9 +687,9 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                                 FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).UnitType + ": " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFields(1) + " is greater than the maximum fan flow rate.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan Coil Unit flow = " + TrimSigDigits(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxAirVolFlow, 5) + " m3/s.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("... Fan Coil Unit flow = {:.5T} m3/s.", FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxAirVolFlow));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan = " + cFanTypes(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanType_Num) + ": " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanName);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan flow = " + TrimSigDigits(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow, 5) + " m3/s.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("... Fan flow = {:.5T} m3/s.", FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan Coil Unit flow rate reduced to match the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                                 FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxAirVolFlow = FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow;
                             }
@@ -726,9 +726,9 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                     if (FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxAirVolFlow > FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow && FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).UnitType + ": " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFields(1) + " is greater than the maximum fan flow rate.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan Coil Unit flow = " + TrimSigDigits(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxAirVolFlow, 5) + " m3/s.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Fan Coil Unit flow = {:.5T} m3/s.", FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxAirVolFlow));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan = " + cFanTypes(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanType_Num) + ": " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanName);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan flow = " + TrimSigDigits(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow, 5) + " m3/s.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Fan flow = {:.5T} m3/s.", FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan Coil Unit flow rate reduced to match the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                         FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxAirVolFlow = FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow;
                     }
@@ -754,8 +754,8 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                 if (FanCoil(FanCoilNum).LowSpeedRatio > 0.5) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name + "\",");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFields(2) + " is greater than the 50% of the supply air flow ratio.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan Coil Unit low speed supply air flow ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).LowSpeedRatio, 5) +
-                                      ' ');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("... Fan Coil Unit low speed supply air flow ratio = {:.5T} ", FanCoil(FanCoilNum).LowSpeedRatio));
                 } else if (FanCoil(FanCoilNum).LowSpeedRatio == 0.0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name + "\",");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFields(2) + " is equal to 0.");
@@ -910,8 +910,8 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                     if (FanCoil(FanCoilNum).DesignMaxOutletTemp < FanCoil(FanCoilNum).DesignMinOutletTemp) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name + "\",");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFields(11) + " is greater than " + cNumericFields(12) + ".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFields(11) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).DesignMinOutletTemp, 2) + " [C].");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFields(12) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).DesignMaxOutletTemp, 2) + " [C].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... {} = {:.2T} [C].", cNumericFields(11), FanCoil(FanCoilNum).DesignMinOutletTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... {} = {:.2T} [C].", cNumericFields(12), FanCoil(FanCoilNum).DesignMaxOutletTemp));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -1394,8 +1394,7 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
         using Fans::GetFanDesignVolumeFlowRate;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::GetHXCoilType;
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::GetHXDXCoilName;
         using PlantUtilities::MyPlantSizingIndex;
@@ -1668,9 +1667,9 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                 if (MaxAirVolFlowDes > FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).UnitType + ": " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... Maximum supply air flow rate is greater than the maximum fan flow rate.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan Coil Unit flow = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxAirVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... Fan Coil Unit flow = {:.5T} [m3/s].", MaxAirVolFlowDes));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan = " + cFanTypes(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanType_Num) + ": " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanName);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan flow = " + TrimSigDigits(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow, 5) + " [m3/s].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... Fan flow = {:.5T} [m3/s].", FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan Coil Unit flow rate reduced to match the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     MaxAirVolFlowDes = FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow;
                 }
@@ -1684,10 +1683,9 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                             if ((std::abs(MaxAirVolFlowDes - MaxAirVolFlowUser) / MaxAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeFanCoilUnit: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).UnitType + ' ' +
                                             FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Supply Air Maximum Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxAirVolFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Supply Air Maximum Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxAirVolFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Supply Air Maximum Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Supply Air Maximum Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1708,9 +1706,9 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
             if (FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxAirVolFlow > FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).UnitType + ": " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name);
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... Maximum supply air flow rate is greater than the maximum fan flow rate.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan Coil Unit flow = " + TrimSigDigits(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxAirVolFlow, 5) + " m3/s.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... Fan Coil Unit flow = {:.5T} m3/s.", FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxAirVolFlow));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan = " + cFanTypes(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanType_Num) + ": " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanName);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan flow = " + TrimSigDigits(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow, 5) + " m3/s.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... Fan flow = {:.5T} m3/s.", FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... Fan Coil Unit flow rate reduced to match the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                 FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxAirVolFlow = FanCoil(FanCoilNum).FanAirVolFlow;
             }
@@ -1752,10 +1750,9 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                             if ((std::abs(OutAirVolFlowDes - OutAirVolFlowUser) / OutAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeFanCoilUnit: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).UnitType + ' ' +
                                             FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(OutAirVolFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(OutAirVolFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", OutAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", OutAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1915,10 +1912,9 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                             if ((std::abs(MaxHotWaterVolFlowDes - MaxHotWaterVolFlowUser) / MaxHotWaterVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeFanCoilUnit: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).UnitType + ' ' +
                                             FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Hot Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxHotWaterVolFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Hot Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxHotWaterVolFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Hot Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxHotWaterVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Maximum Hot Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxHotWaterVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -2086,10 +2082,9 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                             if ((std::abs(MaxColdWaterVolFlowDes - MaxColdWaterVolFlowUser) / MaxColdWaterVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeFanCoilUnit: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).UnitType + ' ' +
                                             FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Cold Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxColdWaterVolFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                  "[m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Cold Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxColdWaterVolFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                  "[m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Cold Water Flow of {:.5R}[m3/s]", MaxColdWaterVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Maximum Cold Water Flow of {:.5R}[m3/s]", MaxColdWaterVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -2231,7 +2226,7 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::TempControlType;
         using DataZoneEquipment::CalcDesignSpecificationOutdoorAir;
         using General::SolveRoot;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyHFnTdbW;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW;
@@ -2436,11 +2431,13 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating water flow rate ");
                                     Node(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).CoolCoilFluidInletNode).MassFlowRate = CWFlow;
                                     Calc4PipeFanCoil(state, FanCoilNum, ControlledZoneNum, FirstHVACIteration, QUnitOut);
-                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Load Request = " + TrimSigDigits(QZnReq) +
-                                                               ", Final Capacity = " + TrimSigDigits(QUnitOut));
-                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Min water flow used during iterations = " + TrimSigDigits(MinWaterFlow) +
-                                                               ", Max water flow used during iterations = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxWaterFlow));
-                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Water flow rate on last iteration = " + TrimSigDigits(CWFlow));
+                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Load Request = {}, Final Capacity = {}", QZnReq, QUnitOut));
+                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("Min water flow used during iterations = {}, Max water flow used during iterations = {}",
+                                               MinWaterFlow,
+                                               MaxWaterFlow));
+                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Water flow rate on last iteration = {}", CWFlow));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "..Water flow rate set to last iteration value ");
                                 } else {
                                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Cold water flow Iteration limit exceeded in fan coil unit " +
@@ -2582,11 +2579,13 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating water flow rate ");
                                         Node(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).HeatCoilFluidInletNode).MassFlowRate = HWFlow;
                                         Calc4PipeFanCoil(state, FanCoilNum, ControlledZoneNum, FirstHVACIteration, QUnitOut);
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Load Request = " + TrimSigDigits(QZnReq) +
-                                                                   ", Final Capacity = " + TrimSigDigits(QUnitOut));
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Min water flow used during iterations = " + TrimSigDigits(MinWaterFlow) +
-                                                                   ", Max water flow used during iterations = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxWaterFlow));
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Water flow rate on last iteration = " + TrimSigDigits(HWFlow));
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Load Request = {}, Final Capacity = {}", QZnReq, QUnitOut));
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                            state,
+                                            format("Min water flow used during iterations = {}, Max water flow used during iterations = {}",
+                                                   MinWaterFlow,
+                                                   MaxWaterFlow));
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Water flow rate on last iteration = {}", HWFlow));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "..Water flow rate set to last iteration value ");
                                     } else {
                                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Hot water flow Iteration limit exceeded in fan coil unit " +
@@ -2815,11 +2814,12 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating FCU part-load ratio ");
                                     Node(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).CoolCoilFluidInletNode).MassFlowRate = PLR * FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxCoolCoilFluidFlow;
                                     Calc4PipeFanCoil(state, FanCoilNum, ControlledZoneNum, FirstHVACIteration, QUnitOut, PLR);
-                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Load Request = " + TrimSigDigits(QZnReq) +
-                                                               ", Final Capacity = " + TrimSigDigits(QUnitOut));
-                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Min part-load used during iterations = " + TrimSigDigits(PLRMin) +
-                                                               ", Max part-load used during iterations = " + TrimSigDigits(PLRMax));
-                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Part-load ratio on last iteration = " + TrimSigDigits(PLR));
+                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Load Request = {}, Final Capacity = {}", QZnReq, QUnitOut));
+                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                        state,
+                                        format(
+                                            "Min part-load used during iterations = {}, Max part-load used during iterations = {}", PLRMin, PLRMax));
+                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Part-load ratio on last iteration = {}", PLR));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "..Part-load ratio set to last iteration value ");
                                 } else {
                                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Part-load ratio cooling iteration limit exceeded in fan coil unit " +
@@ -2831,7 +2831,7 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                                 if (FanCoil(FanCoilNum).LimitErrCountC < 2) {
                                     ShowWarningError(state, "Part-load ratio cooling control failed in fan coil unit " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name);
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "  Bad part-load ratio limits");
-                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "..Part-load ratio set to " + TrimSigDigits(PLRMin));
+                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("..Part-load ratio set to {}", PLRMin));
                                 } else {
                                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Part-load ratio cooling control failed in fan coil unit " +
                                                                        FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name,
@@ -2926,11 +2926,13 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                                         Node(FanCoil(FanCoilNum).HeatCoilFluidInletNode).MassFlowRate =
                                             PLR * FanCoil(FanCoilNum).MaxHeatCoilFluidFlow;
                                         Calc4PipeFanCoil(state, FanCoilNum, ControlledZoneNum, FirstHVACIteration, QUnitOut, PLR);
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Load Request = " + TrimSigDigits(QZnReq) +
-                                                                   ", Final Capacity = " + TrimSigDigits(QUnitOut));
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Min part-load ratio used during iterations = " + TrimSigDigits(PLRMin) +
-                                                                   ", Max part-load used during iterations = " + TrimSigDigits(PLRMax));
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Part-load ratio on last iteration = " + TrimSigDigits(PLR));
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Load Request = {}, Final Capacity = {}", QZnReq, QUnitOut));
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                            state,
+                                            format("Min part-load ratio used during iterations = {}, Max part-load used during iterations = {}",
+                                                   PLRMin,
+                                                   PLRMax));
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Part-load ratio on last iteration = {}", PLR));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "..Part-load ratio set to last iteration value ");
                                     } else {
                                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Part-load ratio heating iteration limit exceeded in fan coil unit " +
@@ -2942,7 +2944,7 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                                     if (FanCoil(FanCoilNum).LimitErrCountH < 2) {
                                         ShowWarningError(state, "Part-load ratio heating control failed in fan coil unit " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name);
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "  Bad hot part-load ratio limits");
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "..Part-load ratio set to " + TrimSigDigits(PLRMin));
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("..Part-load ratio set to {}", PLRMin));
                                     } else {
                                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Part-load ratio heating control failed in fan coil unit " +
                                                                            FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name,
@@ -3260,7 +3262,7 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, "ZoneHVAC:FourPipeFanCoil=\"" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name +
                                                "\" -- Exceeded max iterations while adjusting cycling fan sensible runtime to meet the zone load "
                                                "within the cooling convergence tolerance.");
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Iterations=" + TrimSigDigits(MaxIterCycl));
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Iterations={}", MaxIterCycl));
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "ZoneHVAC:FourPipeFanCoil=\"" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name +
                                                            "\"  -- Exceeded max iterations error (sensible runtime) continues...",
@@ -3311,9 +3313,9 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, "ZoneHVAC:FourPipeFanCoil=\"" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name +
                                                "\" -- Exceeded max iterations while adjusting cycling fan sensible runtime to meet the zone load "
                                                "within the heating convergence tolerance.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Requested zone load = " + TrimSigDigits(QZnReq, 3) + " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Fan coil capacity   = " + TrimSigDigits(QUnitOut, 3) + " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Iterations=" + TrimSigDigits(MaxIterCycl));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Requested zone load = {:.3T} [W]", QZnReq));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Fan coil capacity   = {:.3T} [W]", QUnitOut));
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Iterations={}", MaxIterCycl));
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "ZoneHVAC:FourPipeFanCoil=\"" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name +
                                                            "\"  -- Exceeded max iterations error (sensible runtime) continues...",
@@ -4245,7 +4247,7 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataZoneEnergyDemands;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::TempControlType;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
 
         // Locals
@@ -4344,7 +4346,7 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "ZoneHVAC:FourPipeFanCoil=\"" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name +
                                            "\" -- Exceeded max iterations while adjusting cycling fan sensible runtime to meet the zone load within "
                                            "the cooling convergence tolerance.");
-                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Iterations=" + TrimSigDigits(MaxIterCycl));
+                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Iterations={}", MaxIterCycl));
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "ZoneHVAC:FourPipeFanCoil=\"" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name +
                                                        "\"  -- Exceeded max iterations error (sensible runtime) continues...",
@@ -4475,7 +4477,7 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                                 "ZoneHVAC:FourPipeFanCoil=\"" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name +
                                 "\" -- Exceeded max iterations while adjusting cycling fan sensible runtime to meet the zone load within "
                                 "the heating convergence tolerance.");
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Iterations=" + TrimSigDigits(MaxIterCycl));
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Iterations={}", MaxIterCycl));
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "ZoneHVAC:FourPipeFanCoil=\"" + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name +
                                                            "\"  -- Exceeded max iterations error (sensible runtime) continues...",
@@ -4503,10 +4505,9 @@ namespace FanCoilUnits {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, "Electric heating coil control failed in fan coil unit " + FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating electric heating coil capacity modulation ");
                                 Calc4PipeFanCoil(state, FanCoilNum, ZoneNum, FirstHVACIteration, QUnitOut, _, eHeatCoilPLR);
-                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Load Request = " + TrimSigDigits(QZnReq) +
-                                                           ", Final Capacity = " + TrimSigDigits(QUnitOut));
-                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Electric heating coil part load ratio used during last iterations = " +
-                                                           TrimSigDigits(eHeatCoilPLR));
+                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Load Request = {}, Final Capacity = {}", QZnReq, QUnitOut));
+                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                    state, format("Electric heating coil part load ratio used during last iterations = {}", eHeatCoilPLR));
                             } else {
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Electric heating coil Iteration limit exceeded in fan coil unit " +
                                                                    FanCoil(FanCoilNum).Name,
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Fans.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Fans.cc
index 6609b4708cc..f656ccd3ef6 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Fans.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Fans.cc
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/CurveManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataAirLoop.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataContaminantBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
@@ -188,7 +187,6 @@ namespace Fans {
         // This subroutine manages Fan component simulation.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int FanNum; // current fan number
@@ -210,13 +208,19 @@ namespace Fans {
         } else {
             FanNum = CompIndex;
             if (FanNum > state.dataFans->NumFans || FanNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateFanComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(FanNum) +
-                               ", Number of Fans=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataFans->NumFans) + ", Fan name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimulateFanComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Fans={}, Fan name={}",
+                                      FanNum,
+                                      state.dataFans->NumFans,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(FanNum)) {
                 if (!CompName.empty() && CompName != Fan(FanNum).FanName) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateFanComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(FanNum) + ", Fan name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Fan Name for that index=" + Fan(FanNum).FanName);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimulateFanComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Fan name={}, stored Fan Name for that index={}",
+                                          FanNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          Fan(FanNum).FanName));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(FanNum) = false;
             }
@@ -1186,7 +1190,6 @@ namespace Fans {
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
         using CurveManager::CurveValue;
         using CurveManager::GetCurveIndex;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1319,7 +1322,7 @@ namespace Fans {
             if (MotorSpeed > (Fan(FanNum).MotorMaxSpd + 1.e-5)) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "Drive ratio for " + Fan(FanNum).FanType + ": " + Fan(FanNum).FanName +
                                  " is too low at design conditions -- check motor speed and drive ratio inputs");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Design fan speed [rev/min]: " + RoundSigDigits(Fan(FanNum).FanSpd, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Design fan speed [rev/min]: {:.2R}", Fan(FanNum).FanSpd));
             }
 
             Fan(FanNum).FanTrq = Fan(FanNum).FanShaftPower / FanSpdRadS; //[N-m]
@@ -1335,7 +1338,7 @@ namespace Fans {
             if (Fan(FanNum).FanTrq > (Fan(FanNum).BeltMaxTorque + 1.e-5)) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "Belt for " + Fan(FanNum).FanType + ": " + Fan(FanNum).FanName +
                                  " is undersized at design conditions -- check belt inputs");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Design belt output torque (without oversizing) [Nm]: " + RoundSigDigits(Fan(FanNum).FanTrq, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Design belt output torque (without oversizing) [Nm]: {:.2R}", Fan(FanNum).FanTrq));
             }
 
             // Calculate belt max efficiency using correlations and coefficients based on AMCA data
@@ -1377,7 +1380,7 @@ namespace Fans {
             if (Fan(FanNum).BeltInputPower > (Fan(FanNum).MotorMaxOutPwr + 1.e-5)) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "Motor for " + Fan(FanNum).FanType + ": " + Fan(FanNum).FanName +
                                  " is undersized at design conditions -- check motor inputs");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Design motor output power (without oversizing) [W]: " + RoundSigDigits(Fan(FanNum).BeltInputPower, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Design motor output power (without oversizing) [W]: {:.2R}", Fan(FanNum).BeltInputPower));
             }
 
             // Calculate motor max efficiency using correlations and coefficients based on MotorMaster+ data
@@ -1418,7 +1421,7 @@ namespace Fans {
                     if (Fan(FanNum).MotorInputPower > (Fan(FanNum).VFDMaxOutPwr + 1.e-5)) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, "VFD for " + Fan(FanNum).FanType + ": " + Fan(FanNum).FanName +
                                          " is undersized at design conditions -- check VFD inputs");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Design VFD output power (without oversizing) [W]: " + RoundSigDigits(Fan(FanNum).MotorInputPower, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Design VFD output power (without oversizing) [W]: {:.2R}", Fan(FanNum).MotorInputPower));
                     }
 
                     VFDOutPwrRatio = Fan(FanNum).MotorInputPower / Fan(FanNum).VFDMaxOutPwr;       //[-]
@@ -1902,7 +1905,6 @@ namespace Fans {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using CurveManager::CurveValue;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -2015,8 +2017,7 @@ namespace Fans {
                         if (Fan(FanNum).OneTimePowerRatioCheck && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, cFanTypes(Fan(FanNum).FanType_Num) + " = " + Fan(FanNum).FanName + "\"");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Error in Fan Power Ratio curve. Curve output less than 0.0.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output = " + TrimSigDigits(SpeedRaisedToPower, 5) +
-                                              ", fan speed ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 5));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output = {:.5T}, fan speed ratio = {:.5T}", SpeedRaisedToPower, SpeedRatio));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Check curve coefficients to ensure proper power ratio as a function of fan speed ratio.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Resetting Fan Power Ratio curve output to 0.0 and the simulation continues.");
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Occurrence info:");
@@ -2030,8 +2031,7 @@ namespace Fans {
                             if (Fan(FanNum).OneTimeEffRatioCheck && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cFanTypes(Fan(FanNum).FanType_Num) + " = " + Fan(FanNum).FanName + "\"");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error in Fan Efficiency Ratio curve. Curve output less than 0.01.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output = " + TrimSigDigits(EffRatioAtSpeedRatio, 5) +
-                                                  ", fan speed ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 5));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output = {:.5T}, fan speed ratio = {:.5T}", EffRatioAtSpeedRatio, SpeedRatio));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Check curve coefficients to ensure proper efficiency ratio as a function of fan speed ratio.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Resetting Fan Efficiency Ratio curve output to 0.01 and the simulation continues.");
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Occurrence info:");
@@ -2236,7 +2236,6 @@ namespace Fans {
         using DataEnvironment::CurMnDy;
         using DataEnvironment::EnvironmentName;
         using General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -3064,7 +3063,6 @@ namespace Fans {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/FluidCoolers.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/FluidCoolers.cc
index a174a864cbf..8abecc3b72b 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/FluidCoolers.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/FluidCoolers.cc
@@ -859,9 +859,11 @@ namespace FluidCoolers {
             // temperature is less than design inlet air dry bulb temperature
             if (DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp <= this->DesignEnteringAirTemp && DataPlant::PlantFirstSizesOkayToFinalize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "Error when autosizing the UA value for fluid cooler = " + this->Name + '.');
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Design Loop Exit Temperature (" + General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2) +
-                                  " C) must be greater than design entering air dry-bulb temperature (" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(this->DesignEnteringAirTemp, 2) + " C) when autosizing the fluid cooler UA.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Design Loop Exit Temperature ({:.2R} C) must be greater than design entering air dry-bulb temperature "
+                                         "({:.2R} C) when autosizing the fluid cooler UA.",
+                                         DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp,
+                                         this->DesignEnteringAirTemp));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "It is recommended that the Design Loop Exit Temperature = design inlet air dry-bulb temp plus the Fluid Cooler "
                                   "design approach temperature (e.g., 4 C).");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "If using HVACTemplate:Plant:ChilledWaterLoop, then check that input field Condenser Water Design Setpoint must be "
@@ -907,10 +909,11 @@ namespace FluidCoolers {
                         if (DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp <= this->DesignEnteringAirTemp &&
                             DataPlant::PlantFirstSizesOkayToFinalize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "Error when autosizing the UA value for fluid cooler = " + this->Name + '.');
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Design Loop Exit Temperature (" +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2) +
-                                              " C) must be greater than design entering air dry-bulb temperature (" +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(this->DesignEnteringAirTemp, 2) + " C) when autosizing the fluid cooler UA.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Design Loop Exit Temperature ({:.2R} C) must be greater than design entering air dry-bulb "
+                                                     "temperature ({:.2R} C) when autosizing the fluid cooler UA.",
+                                                     DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp,
+                                                     this->DesignEnteringAirTemp));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "It is recommended that the Design Loop Exit Temperature = design inlet air dry-bulb temp plus the "
                                               "Fluid Cooler design approach temperature (e.g., 4 C).");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "If using HVACTemplate:Plant:ChilledWaterLoop, then check that input field Condenser Water Design "
@@ -980,10 +983,11 @@ namespace FluidCoolers {
                         if (DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp <= this->DesignEnteringAirTemp &&
                             DataPlant::PlantFirstSizesOkayToFinalize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "Error when autosizing the UA value for fluid cooler = " + this->Name + '.');
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Design Loop Exit Temperature (" +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2) +
-                                              " C) must be greater than design entering air dry-bulb temperature (" +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(this->DesignEnteringAirTemp, 2) + " C) when autosizing the fluid cooler UA.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Design Loop Exit Temperature ({:.2R} C) must be greater than design entering air dry-bulb "
+                                                     "temperature ({:.2R} C) when autosizing the fluid cooler UA.",
+                                                     DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp,
+                                                     this->DesignEnteringAirTemp));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "It is recommended that the Design Loop Exit Temperature = design inlet air dry-bulb temp plus the "
                                               "Fluid Cooler design approach temperature (e.g., 4 C).");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "If using HVACTemplate:Plant:ChilledWaterLoop, then check that input field Condenser Water Design "
@@ -1045,10 +1049,11 @@ namespace FluidCoolers {
                     // temperature is less than design inlet air dry bulb temperature
                     if (DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp <= this->DesignEnteringAirTemp && DataPlant::PlantFirstSizesOkayToFinalize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "Error when autosizing the UA value for fluid cooler = " + this->Name + '.');
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Loop Exit Temperature (" +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2) +
-                                          " C) must be greater than design entering air dry-bulb temperature (" +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(this->DesignEnteringAirTemp, 2) + " C) when autosizing the fluid cooler UA.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Design Loop Exit Temperature ({:.2R} C) must be greater than design entering air dry-bulb "
+                                                 "temperature ({:.2R} C) when autosizing the fluid cooler UA.",
+                                                 DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp,
+                                                 this->DesignEnteringAirTemp));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "It is recommended that the Design Loop Exit Temperature = design inlet air dry-bulb temp plus the Fluid "
                                           "Cooler design approach temperature (e.g., 4 C).");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "If using HVACTemplate:Plant:ChilledWaterLoop, then check that input field Condenser Water Design Setpoint "
@@ -1082,7 +1087,7 @@ namespace FluidCoolers {
                     if (SolFla == -1) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded in calculating fluid cooler UA.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Autosizing of fluid cooler UA failed for fluid cooler = " + this->Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The final UA value =" + General::RoundSigDigits(UA, 2) + " W/K, and the simulation continues...");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The final UA value ={:.2R} W/K, and the simulation continues...", UA));
                     } else if (SolFla == -2) {
                         CalcFluidCoolerOutlet(state, int(Par(2)), Par(3), Par(4), UA0, OutWaterTempAtUA0);
                         CalcFluidCoolerOutlet(state, int(Par(2)), Par(3), Par(4), UA1, OutWaterTempAtUA1);
@@ -1099,21 +1104,22 @@ namespace FluidCoolers {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "on the autosized values shown below or to adjust design fluid cooler air inlet dry-bulb temperature.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Plant:Sizing object inputs also influence these results (e.g. DeltaT and ExitTemp).");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Inputs to the fluid cooler object:");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Load [W]                       = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(1), 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Water Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]  = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(this->DesignWaterFlowRate, 6));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Air Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]    = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(4), 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Air Inlet Dry-bulb Temp [C]    = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->AirTemp, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Load [W]                       = {:.2R}", Par(1)));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Water Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]  = {:.6R}", this->DesignWaterFlowRate));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Air Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]    = {:.2R}", Par(4)));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Air Inlet Dry-bulb Temp [C]    = {:.2R}", this->AirTemp));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Inputs to the plant sizing object:");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Exit Water Temp [C]                         = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Loop Design Temperature Difference [C]             = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]           = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->WaterTemp, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated water outlet temp at low UA [C] (UA = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA0, 2) +
-                                          " W/K) = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutWaterTempAtUA0, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated water outlet temp at high UA [C](UA = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA1, 2) +
-                                          " W/K) = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutWaterTempAtUA1, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("Design Exit Water Temp [C]                         = {:.2R}", DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("Loop Design Temperature Difference [C]             = {:.2R}", DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]           = {:.2R}", this->WaterTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Calculated water outlet temp at low UA [C] (UA = {:.2R} W/K) = {:.2R}", UA0, OutWaterTempAtUA0));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Calculated water outlet temp at high UA [C](UA = {:.2R} W/K) = {:.2R}", UA1, OutWaterTempAtUA1));
                         ShowFatalError(state, "Autosizing of Fluid Cooler UA failed for fluid cooler = " + this->Name);
                     }
                     tmpHighSpeedEvapFluidCoolerUA = UA;
@@ -1191,7 +1197,7 @@ namespace FluidCoolers {
                     if (PltSizCondNum > 0) {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Autosizing of fluid cooler UA failed for fluid cooler = " + this->Name);
                     }
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The final UA value =" + General::RoundSigDigits(UA, 2) + " W/K, and the simulation continues...");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("The final UA value ={:.2R} W/K, and the simulation continues...", UA));
                 } else if (SolFla == -2) {
                     CalcFluidCoolerOutlet(state, int(Par(2)), Par(3), Par(4), UA0, OutWaterTempAtUA0);
                     CalcFluidCoolerOutlet(state, int(Par(2)), Par(3), Par(4), UA1, OutWaterTempAtUA1);
@@ -1208,23 +1214,23 @@ namespace FluidCoolers {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "on the autosized values shown below or to adjust design fluid cooler air inlet dry-bulb temperature.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Plant:Sizing object inputs also influence these results (e.g. DeltaT and ExitTemp).");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Inputs to the fluid cooler object:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Load [W]                       = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(1), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Water Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]  = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->DesignWaterFlowRate, 6));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Air Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]    = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(4), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Air Inlet Dry-bulb Temp [C]    = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->AirTemp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Load [W]                       = {:.2R}", Par(1)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Water Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]  = {:.6R}", this->DesignWaterFlowRate));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Air Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]    = {:.2R}", Par(4)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Air Inlet Dry-bulb Temp [C]    = {:.2R}", this->AirTemp));
                     if (PltSizCondNum > 0) {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Inputs to the plant sizing object:");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Design Exit Water Temp [C]                         = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Loop Design Temperature Difference [C]             = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("Design Exit Water Temp [C]                         = {:.2R}", DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("Loop Design Temperature Difference [C]             = {:.2R}", DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT));
                     };
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]           = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->WaterTemp, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated water outlet temp at low UA [C] (UA = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA0, 2) +
-                                      " W/K) = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutWaterTempAtUA0, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated water outlet temp at high UA [C] (UA = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA1, 2) +
-                                      " W/K) = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutWaterTempAtUA1, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]           = {:.2R}", this->WaterTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated water outlet temp at low UA [C] (UA = {:.2R} W/K) = {:.2R}", UA0, OutWaterTempAtUA0));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Calculated water outlet temp at high UA [C] (UA = {:.2R} W/K) = {:.2R}", UA1, OutWaterTempAtUA1));
                     if (PltSizCondNum > 0) {
                         ShowFatalError(state, "Autosizing of Fluid Cooler UA failed for fluid cooler = " + this->Name);
                     }
@@ -1341,8 +1347,7 @@ namespace FluidCoolers {
                 if (SolFla == -1) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded in calculating fluid cooler UA.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Autosizing of fluid cooler UA failed for fluid cooler = " + this->Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The final UA value at low fan speed =" + General::RoundSigDigits(UA, 2) +
-                                      " W/C, and the simulation continues...");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("The final UA value at low fan speed ={:.2R} W/C, and the simulation continues...", UA));
                 } else if (SolFla == -2) {
                     CalcFluidCoolerOutlet(state, int(Par(2)), Par(3), Par(4), UA0, OutWaterTempAtUA0);
                     CalcFluidCoolerOutlet(state, int(Par(2)), Par(3), Par(4), UA1, OutWaterTempAtUA1);
@@ -1359,21 +1364,20 @@ namespace FluidCoolers {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "on the autosized values shown below or to adjust design fluid cooler air inlet dry-bulb temperature.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Plant:Sizing object inputs also influence these results (e.g. DeltaT and ExitTemp).");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Inputs to the fluid cooler object:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Load [W]                         = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(1), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Water Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]    = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->DesignWaterFlowRate, 6));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Air Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]      = " + General::RoundSigDigits(Par(4), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Air Inlet Dry-bulb Temp [C]      = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->AirTemp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Load [W]                         = {:.2R}", Par(1)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Water Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]    = {:.6R}", this->DesignWaterFlowRate));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Air Volume Flow Rate [m3/s]      = {:.2R}", Par(4)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Air Inlet Dry-bulb Temp [C]      = {:.2R}", this->AirTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Inputs to the plant sizing object:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Exit Water Temp [C]                           = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Loop Design Temperature Difference [C]               = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Design Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]             = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->WaterTemp, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated water outlet temp at low UA [C](UA = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA0, 2) +
-                                      " W/C) = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutWaterTempAtUA0, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated water outlet temp at high UA [C](UA = " + General::RoundSigDigits(UA1, 2) +
-                                      " W/C) = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutWaterTempAtUA1, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Design Exit Water Temp [C]                           = {:.2R}", DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).ExitTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Loop Design Temperature Difference [C]               = {:.2R}", DataSizing::PlantSizData(PltSizCondNum).DeltaT));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Design Fluid Cooler Water Inlet Temp [C]             = {:.2R}", this->WaterTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated water outlet temp at low UA [C](UA = {:.2R} W/C) = {:.2R}", UA0, OutWaterTempAtUA0));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated water outlet temp at high UA [C](UA = {:.2R} W/C) = {:.2R}", UA1, OutWaterTempAtUA1));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Autosizing of Fluid Cooler UA failed for fluid cooler = " + this->Name);
                 }
                 if (DataPlant::PlantFirstSizesOkayToFinalize) this->LowSpeedFluidCoolerUA = UA;
@@ -1778,8 +1782,8 @@ namespace FluidCoolers {
             if (this->HighMassFlowErrorCount < 2) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, this->FluidCoolerType + " \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Condenser Loop Mass Flow Rate is much greater than the fluid coolers design mass flow rate.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Condenser Loop Mass Flow Rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(waterOutletNode).MassFlowRate, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Fluid Cooler Design Mass Flow Rate   = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->DesWaterMassFlowRate, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Condenser Loop Mass Flow Rate = {:.6T}", DataLoopNode::Node(waterOutletNode).MassFlowRate));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Fluid Cooler Design Mass Flow Rate   = {:.6T}", this->DesWaterMassFlowRate));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             } else {
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1820,7 +1824,7 @@ namespace FluidCoolers {
                 ShowWarningError(state, this->FluidCoolerType + " \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Fluid cooler water mass flow rate near zero.");
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Actual Mass flow = " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->WaterMassFlowRate, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Actual Mass flow = {:.2T}", this->WaterMassFlowRate));
             } else {
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, this->FluidCoolerType + " \"" + this->Name +
                                                    "\" Fluid cooler water mass flow rate near zero error continues...",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.cc
index 3e24b904392..3171161f7ac 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.cc
@@ -104,12 +104,6 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
     // supplying the same data for concentrations of 0.0 and 1.0 only.
     // Temperature data has to be supplied in ascending order only.
 
-    // REFERENCES:
-
-    // USE STATEMENTS
-    // Using/Aliasing
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
-
     // Data
     // MODULE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS
     std::string const Refrig("REFRIGERANT");
@@ -737,9 +731,12 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
                 if (FluidTemps(Loop).Temps(TempLoop) <= FluidTemps(Loop).Temps(TempLoop - 1)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " name=" + FluidTemps(Loop).Name +
                                     ", lists must have data in ascending order");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "First out of order occurrence at Temperature #(" + RoundSigDigits(TempLoop - 1) + ") {" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(FluidTemps(Loop).Temps(TempLoop - 1), 3) + "} >= Temp(" + RoundSigDigits(TempLoop) + ") {" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(FluidTemps(Loop).Temps(TempLoop), 3) + '}');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("First out of order occurrence at Temperature #({}) {{{:.R3}}} >= Temp({}) {{{:.R3}}}",
+                                             TempLoop - 1,
+                                             FluidTemps(Loop).Temps(TempLoop - 1),
+                                             TempLoop,
+                                             FluidTemps(Loop).Temps(TempLoop)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     break;
                 }
@@ -793,8 +790,11 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " Name=" + RefrigData(Loop).Name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Temperature Name=" + TempsName +
                                                   ", Temperature array and fluid saturation pressure array must have the same number of points");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Temperature # points=" + RoundSigDigits(NumNumbers) + " whereas " + RefrigData(Loop).Name +
-                                                  " # pressure points=" + RoundSigDigits(RefrigData(Loop).NumPsPoints));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Temperature # points={} whereas {} # pressure points={}",
+                                                         NumNumbers,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).Name,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).NumPsPoints));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                                 break; // the TempLoop DO Loop
                             }
@@ -866,8 +866,11 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " Name=" + RefrigData(Loop).Name);
                                 ShowSevereError(state, "Temperature Name=" + TempsName +
                                                 ", Temperature array and saturated fluid enthalpy array must have the same number of points");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Temperature # points=" + RoundSigDigits(NumNumbers) + " whereas " + RefrigData(Loop).Name +
-                                                  " # points=" + RoundSigDigits(RefrigData(Loop).NumHPoints));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Temperature # points={} whereas {} # points={}",
+                                                         NumNumbers,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).Name,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).NumHPoints));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                                 break; // the TempLoop DO Loop
                             }
@@ -941,8 +944,11 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " Name=" + RefrigData(Loop).Name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Temperature Name=" + TempsName +
                                                   ", Temperature array and saturated gas/fluid enthalpy array must have the same number of points");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Temperature # points=" + RoundSigDigits(NumNumbers) + " whereas " + RefrigData(Loop).Name +
-                                                  " # points=" + RoundSigDigits(RefrigData(Loop).NumHPoints));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Temperature # points={} whereas {} # points={}",
+                                                         NumNumbers,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).Name,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).NumHPoints));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                                 break; // the TempLoop DO Loop
                             }
@@ -1012,8 +1018,11 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " Name=" + RefrigData(Loop).Name);
                                 ShowSevereError(state, "Temperature Name=" + TempsName +
                                                 ", Temperature array and saturated fluid Cp array must have the same number of points");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Temperature # points=" + RoundSigDigits(NumNumbers) + " whereas " + RefrigData(Loop).Name +
-                                                  " # Cp points=" + RoundSigDigits(RefrigData(Loop).NumCpPoints));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Temperature # points={} whereas {} # Cp points={}",
+                                                         NumNumbers,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).Name,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).NumCpPoints));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                                 break; // the TempLoop DO Loop
                             }
@@ -1087,8 +1096,11 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " Name=" + RefrigData(Loop).Name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Temperature Name=" + TempsName +
                                                   ", Temperature array and saturated gas/fluid Cp array must have the same number of points");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Temperature # points=" + RoundSigDigits(NumNumbers) + " whereas " + RefrigData(Loop).Name +
-                                                  " # Cp points=" + RoundSigDigits(RefrigData(Loop).NumCpPoints));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Temperature # points={} whereas {} # Cp points={}",
+                                                         NumNumbers,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).Name,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).NumCpPoints));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                                 break; // the TempLoop DO Loop
                             }
@@ -1158,8 +1170,11 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " Name=" + RefrigData(Loop).Name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Temperature Name=" + TempsName +
                                                   ", Temperature array and saturated fluid density array must have the same number of points");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Temperature # points=" + RoundSigDigits(NumNumbers) + " whereas " + RefrigData(Loop).Name +
-                                                  " # Density points=" + RoundSigDigits(RefrigData(Loop).NumRhoPoints));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Temperature # points={} whereas {} # Density points={}",
+                                                         NumNumbers,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).Name,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).NumRhoPoints));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                                 break; // the TempLoop DO Loop
                             }
@@ -1233,8 +1248,11 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " Name=" + RefrigData(Loop).Name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Temperature Name=" + TempsName +
                                                   ", Temperature array and saturated gas/fluid density array must have the same number of points");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Temperature # points=" + RoundSigDigits(NumNumbers) + " whereas " + RefrigData(Loop).Name +
-                                                  " # density points=" + RoundSigDigits(RefrigData(Loop).NumRhoPoints));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Temperature # points={} whereas {} # density points={}",
+                                                         NumNumbers,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).Name,
+                                                         RefrigData(Loop).NumRhoPoints));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                                 break; // the TempLoop DO Loop
                             }
@@ -1346,7 +1364,7 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
             }
 
             if (iTemp > 1) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " has " + RoundSigDigits(iTemp - 1) + " similar errors to the previous.");
+                ShowWarningError(state, format("{}{} has {} similar errors to the previous.", RoutineName, CurrentModuleObject, iTemp - 1));
             }
 
             // **********   SUPERHEATED DATA SECTION   **********
@@ -1436,8 +1454,7 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
                     ++NumOfPressPts;
                     if (Numbers(1) <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " Name=" + RefrigData(Loop).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Negative pressures not allowed in fluid property input data, Value =[" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(1), 3) +
-                                          "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Negative pressures not allowed in fluid property input data, Value =[{:.3R}].", Numbers(1)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     PressurePtr(NumOfPressPts).Pressure = Numbers(1);
@@ -1480,9 +1497,12 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
                     if (RefrigData(Loop).SHPress(InData) <= RefrigData(Loop).SHPress(InData - 1)) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " Name=" + RefrigData(Loop).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Pressures must be entered in ascending order for fluid property data");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "First Occurrence at Pressure(" + RoundSigDigits(InData - 1) + ") {" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(RefrigData(Loop).SHPress(InData - 1), 3) + "} >= Pressure(" + RoundSigDigits(InData) +
-                                          ") {" + RoundSigDigits(RefrigData(Loop).SHPress(InData), 3) + '}');
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("First Occurrence at Pressure({}) {{{:.3R}}} >= Pressure({}) {{{:.3R}}}",
+                                                 InData - 1,
+                                                 RefrigData(Loop).SHPress(InData - 1),
+                                                 InData,
+                                                 RefrigData(Loop).SHPress(InData)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                         break;
                     }
@@ -1523,8 +1543,7 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
                     ++NumOfPressPts;
                     if (Numbers(1) <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " Name=" + RefrigData(Loop).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Negative pressures not allowed in fluid property input data, Value =[" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(1), 3) +
-                                          "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Negative pressures not allowed in fluid property input data, Value =[{:.3R}].", Numbers(1)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     PressurePtr(NumOfPressPts).Pressure = Numbers(1);
@@ -1604,7 +1623,7 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " Name=" + RefrigData(Loop).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(2) + "=\"" + Alphas(2) + "\" is not valid.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Valid choices are \"" + Enthalpy + "\", \"" + Density + "\".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Pressure value of this item=[" + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(1), 2) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Pressure value of this item=[{:.2R}].", Numbers(1)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "This fluid property will not be processed nor available for the simulation.");
                     }
                     ++iTemp;
@@ -1612,7 +1631,7 @@ namespace FluidProperties {
             }
 
             if (iTemp > 1) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " has " + RoundSigDigits(iTemp - 1) + " similar errors to the previous.");
+                ShowWarningError(state, format("{}{} has {} similar errors to the previous.", RoutineName, CurrentModuleObject, iTemp - 1));
             }
 
             if (NumOfPressPts == 0) {
@@ -4891,14 +4910,14 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
         // First, find where the actual concentration falls between the concentration data.
         // Then, interpolate if necessary.
         if (Concentration < RawConcData(1)) { // Concentration too low
-            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName +
-                             "Glycol concentration out of range for data (too low), concentration = " + RoundSigDigits(Concentration, 3));
+            ShowWarningError(state,
+                             format("{}Glycol concentration out of range for data (too low), concentration = {:.3R}", RoutineName, Concentration));
             ShowContinueError(state, "Check your data or the definition of your glycols in the GlycolConcentrations input");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Property data set to data for lowest concentration entered");
             InterpData = RawPropData(_, 1);
         } else if (Concentration > RawConcData(NumOfConcs)) { // Concentration too high
-            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName +
-                             "Glycol concentration out of range for data (too high), concentration = " + RoundSigDigits(Concentration, 3));
+            ShowWarningError(state,
+                             format("{}Glycol concentration out of range for data (too high), concentration = {:.3R}", RoutineName, Concentration));
             ShowContinueError(state, "Check your data or the definition of your glycols in the GlycolConcentrations input");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Property data set to data for highest concentration entered");
             InterpData = RawPropData(_, NumOfConcs);
@@ -4996,14 +5015,14 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
         // First, find where the actual concentration falls between the concentration data.
         // Then, interpolate if necessary.
         if (Concentration < RawConcData(1)) { // Concentration too low
-            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName +
-                             "Glycol concentration out of range for data (too low), concentration = " + RoundSigDigits(Concentration, 3));
+            ShowWarningError(state,
+                             format("{}Glycol concentration out of range for data (too low), concentration = {:.3R}", RoutineName, Concentration));
             ShowContinueError(state, "Check your data or the definition of your glycols in the GlycolConcentrations input");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Property data set to data for lowest concentration entered");
             InterpData = RawPropData(1, _);
         } else if (Concentration > RawConcData(NumOfConcs)) { // Concentration too high
-            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName +
-                             "Glycol concentration out of range for data (too high), concentration = " + RoundSigDigits(Concentration, 3));
+            ShowWarningError(state,
+                             format("{}Glycol concentration out of range for data (too high), concentration = {:.3R}", RoutineName, Concentration));
             ShowContinueError(state, "Check your data or the definition of your glycols in the GlycolConcentrations input");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Property data set to data for highest concentration entered");
             InterpData = RawPropData(NumOfConcs, _);
@@ -5801,7 +5820,7 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
                     print(state.files.debug, ",{:.3R}\n", RefrigData(RefrigNum).HshValues(Loop, RefrigData(RefrigNum).NumSuperTempPts));
                 }
                 for (Loop = 1; Loop <= RefrigData(RefrigNum).NumSuperPressPts; ++Loop) {
-                    print(state.files.debug, "Superheated Pressure:#{}={:.2R}\n", RoundSigDigits(Loop), RefrigData(RefrigNum).SHPress(Loop));
+                    print(state.files.debug, "Superheated Pressure:#{}={:.2R}\n", Loop, RefrigData(RefrigNum).SHPress(Loop));
                     print(state.files.debug, "Density Superheated Gas:");
                     for (Loop1 = 1; Loop1 <= RefrigData(RefrigNum).NumSuperTempPts - 1; ++Loop1) {
                         print(state.files.debug, ",{:.3R}", RefrigData(RefrigNum).RhoshValues(Loop, Loop1));
@@ -6067,11 +6086,13 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
             if (RefrigErrorTracking(RefrigNum).SatTempErrCount <= RefrigerantErrorLimitTest) {
                 ShowSevereMessage(state, RoutineName + "Saturation temperature is out of range for refrigerant [" + RefrigErrorTracking(RefrigNum).Name +
                                   "] supplied data: **");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Called From:" + CalledFrom + ", supplied data range=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(refrig.PsTemps(refrig.PsLowTempIndex), 2) + ',' +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(refrig.PsTemps(refrig.PsHighTempIndex), 2) + ']');
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Supplied Refrigerant Temperature=" + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2) +
-                                  " Returned saturated pressure value = " + RoundSigDigits(ReturnValue, 0));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...Called From:{}, supplied data range=[{:.2R},{:.2R}]",
+                                         CalledFrom,
+                                         refrig.PsTemps(refrig.PsLowTempIndex),
+                                         refrig.PsTemps(refrig.PsHighTempIndex)));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state, format("...Supplied Refrigerant Temperature={:.2R} Returned saturated pressure value = {:.0R}", Temperature, ReturnValue));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             }
             ShowRecurringSevereErrorAtEnd(state, RoutineName + "Saturation temperature is out of range for refrigerant [" +
@@ -6189,11 +6210,13 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
             if (RefrigErrorTracking(RefrigNum).SatPressErrCount <= RefrigerantErrorLimitTest) {
                 ShowSevereMessage(state, RoutineName + "Saturation pressure is out of range for refrigerant [" + RefrigErrorTracking(RefrigNum).Name +
                                   "] supplied data: **");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Called From:" + CalledFrom + ", supplied data range=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(refrig.PsValues(refrig.PsLowPresIndex), 0) + ',' +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(refrig.PsValues(refrig.PsHighPresIndex), 0) + ']');
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Supplied Refrigerant Pressure=" + RoundSigDigits(Pressure, 0) +
-                                  " Returned saturated temperature value =" + RoundSigDigits(ReturnValue, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...Called From:{}, supplied data range=[{:.0R},{:.0R}]",
+                                         CalledFrom,
+                                         refrig.PsValues(refrig.PsLowPresIndex),
+                                         refrig.PsValues(refrig.PsHighPresIndex)));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state, format("...Supplied Refrigerant Pressure={:.0R} Returned saturated temperature value ={:.2R}", Pressure, ReturnValue));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             }
             ShowRecurringSevereErrorAtEnd(state, RoutineName + "Saturation pressure is out of range for refrigerant [" +
@@ -6270,7 +6293,7 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
 
         if ((Quality < 0.0) || (Quality > 1.0)) {
             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + ": Refrigerant \"" + Refrigerant + "\", invalid quality, called from " + CalledFrom);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Saturated refrigerant quality must be between 0 and 1, entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(Quality, 4) + "].");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Saturated refrigerant quality must be between 0 and 1, entered value=[{:.4R}].", Quality));
             ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition.");
         }
 
@@ -6363,7 +6386,7 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
 
         if ((Quality < 0.0) || (Quality > 1.0)) {
             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Refrigerant \"" + Refrigerant + "\", invalid quality, called from " + CalledFrom);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Saturated density quality must be between 0 and 1, entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(Quality, 4) + "].");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Saturated density quality must be between 0 and 1, entered value=[{:.4R}].", Quality));
             ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition.");
         }
 
@@ -6428,11 +6451,13 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
             if (RefrigErrorTracking(RefrigNum).SatTempDensityErrCount <= RefrigerantErrorLimitTest) {
                 ShowSevereMessage(state, RoutineName + "Saturation temperature is out of range for refrigerant [" + RefrigErrorTracking(RefrigNum).Name +
                                   "] supplied data: **");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Called From:" + CalledFrom + ", supplied data range=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(refrig.RhoTemps(refrig.RhofLowTempIndex), 2) + ',' +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(refrig.RhoTemps(refrig.RhofHighTempIndex), 2) + ']');
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Supplied Refrigerant Temperature=" + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2) +
-                                  " Returned saturated density value =" + RoundSigDigits(ReturnValue, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...Called From:{}, supplied data range=[{:.2R},{:.2R}]",
+                                         CalledFrom,
+                                         refrig.RhoTemps(refrig.RhofLowTempIndex),
+                                         refrig.RhoTemps(refrig.RhofHighTempIndex)));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state, format("...Supplied Refrigerant Temperature={:.2R} Returned saturated density value ={:.2R}", Temperature, ReturnValue));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             }
             ShowRecurringSevereErrorAtEnd(state, RoutineName + "Saturation temperature is out of range for refrigerant [" +
@@ -6510,7 +6535,7 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
 
         if ((Quality < 0.0) || (Quality > 1.0)) {
             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Refrigerant \"" + Refrigerant + "\", invalid quality, called from " + CalledFrom);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Saturated density quality must be between 0 and 1, entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(Quality, 4) + "].");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Saturated density quality must be between 0 and 1, entered value=[{:.4R}].", Quality));
             ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition.");
         }
 
@@ -6727,9 +6752,9 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Refrigerant [" + RefrigErrorTracking(RefrigNum).Name +
                                        "] is saturated at the given conditions, saturated enthalpy at given temperature returned. **");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Called From:" + CalledFrom);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Refrigerant temperature = " + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Refrigerant pressure = " + RoundSigDigits(Pressure, 0));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Returned Enthalpy value = " + RoundSigDigits(ReturnValue, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Refrigerant temperature = {:.2R}", Temperature));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Refrigerant pressure = {:.0R}", Pressure));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Returned Enthalpy value = {:.3R}", ReturnValue));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, RoutineName + "Refrigerant [" + RefrigErrorTracking(RefrigNum).Name +
@@ -7034,9 +7059,9 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
                     ShowSevereMessage(state, RoutineName + "Refrigerant [" + RefrigErrorTracking(RefrigNum).Name +
                                       "] is saturated at the given enthalpy and temperature, saturated enthalpy at given temperature returned. **");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Called From:" + CalledFrom);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Refrigerant temperature = " + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Refrigerant Enthalpy = " + RoundSigDigits(Enthalpy, 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Returned Pressure value = " + RoundSigDigits(ReturnValue, 0));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Refrigerant temperature = {:.2R}", Temperature));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Refrigerant Enthalpy = {:.3R}", Enthalpy));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Returned Pressure value = {:.0R}", ReturnValue));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 }
                 if (CurSatErrCount > 0) {
@@ -7472,9 +7497,9 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + ": Refrigerant [" + RefrigErrorTracking(RefrigNum).Name +
                                    "] is saturated at the given conditions, saturated density at given temperature returned. **");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Called From:" + CalledFrom);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Refrigerant temperature = " + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Refrigerant pressure = " + RoundSigDigits(Pressure, 0));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Returned Density value = " + RoundSigDigits(saturated_density, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Refrigerant temperature = {:.2R}", Temperature));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Refrigerant pressure = {:.0R}", Pressure));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Returned Density value = {:.3R}", saturated_density));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             }
             if (SatErrCount > 0) {
@@ -7629,8 +7654,12 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
                 if (LowTempLimitErr <= GlycolErrorLimitTest) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Temperature is out of range (too low) for fluid [" + glycol_data.Name +
                                        "] specific heat supplied values **");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Called From:" + CalledFrom + ",Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2) + "], supplied data range=[" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(glycol_data.CpLowTempValue, 2) + ',' + RoundSigDigits(glycol_data.CpHighTempValue, 2) + ']');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("..Called From:{},Temperature=[{:.2R}], supplied data range=[{:.2R},{:.2R}]",
+                                             CalledFrom,
+                                             Temperature,
+                                             glycol_data.CpLowTempValue,
+                                             glycol_data.CpHighTempValue));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, RoutineName + "Temperature out of range (too low) for fluid [" + glycol_data.Name +
@@ -7648,8 +7677,12 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
                 HighTempLimitErr = ++GlycolErrorTracking(GlycolIndex).SpecHeatHighErrCount;
                 if (HighTempLimitErr <= GlycolErrorLimitTest) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Temperature is out of range (too high) for fluid [" + glycol_data.Name + "] specific heat **");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Called From:" + CalledFrom + ",Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2) + "], supplied data range=[" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(glycol_data.CpLowTempValue, 2) + ',' + RoundSigDigits(glycol_data.CpHighTempValue, 2) + ']');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("..Called From:{},Temperature=[{:.2R}], supplied data range=[{:.2R},{:.2R}]",
+                                             CalledFrom,
+                                             Temperature,
+                                             glycol_data.CpLowTempValue,
+                                             glycol_data.CpHighTempValue));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, RoutineName + "Temperature out of range (too high) for fluid [" + glycol_data.Name +
@@ -7809,9 +7842,12 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
 
             if ((LowErrorThisTime) && (LowTempLimitErr <= GlycolErrorLimitTest)) {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Temperature is out of range (too low) for fluid [" + GlycolData(GlycolIndex).Name + "] density **");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Called From:" + CalledFrom + ",Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2) + "], supplied data range=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(GlycolData(GlycolIndex).RhoLowTempValue, 2) + ',' +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(GlycolData(GlycolIndex).RhoHighTempValue, 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("..Called From:{},Temperature=[{:.2R}], supplied data range=[{:.2R},{:.2R}]",
+                                         CalledFrom,
+                                         Temperature,
+                                         GlycolData(GlycolIndex).RhoLowTempValue,
+                                         GlycolData(GlycolIndex).RhoHighTempValue));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             }
             if (LowErrorThisTime) {
@@ -7828,9 +7864,12 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
             if ((HighErrorThisTime) && (HighTempLimitErr <= GlycolErrorLimitTest)) {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Temperature is out of range (too high) for fluid [" + GlycolData(GlycolIndex).Name +
                                    "] density **");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Called From:" + CalledFrom + ",Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2) + "], supplied data range=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(GlycolData(GlycolIndex).RhoLowTempValue, 2) + ',' +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(GlycolData(GlycolIndex).RhoHighTempValue, 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("..Called From:{},Temperature=[{:.2R}], supplied data range=[{:.2R},{:.2R}]",
+                                         CalledFrom,
+                                         Temperature,
+                                         GlycolData(GlycolIndex).RhoLowTempValue,
+                                         GlycolData(GlycolIndex).RhoHighTempValue));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             }
             if (HighErrorThisTime) {
@@ -7974,9 +8013,12 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
             if ((LowErrorThisTime) && (LowTempLimitErr <= GlycolErrorLimitTest)) {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Temperature is out of range (too low) for fluid [" + GlycolData(GlycolIndex).Name +
                                    "] conductivity **");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Called From:" + CalledFrom + ",Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2) + "], supplied data range=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(GlycolData(GlycolIndex).CondLowTempValue, 2) + ',' +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(GlycolData(GlycolIndex).CondHighTempValue, 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("..Called From:{},Temperature=[{:.2R}], supplied data range=[{:.2R},{:.2R}]",
+                                         CalledFrom,
+                                         Temperature,
+                                         GlycolData(GlycolIndex).CondLowTempValue,
+                                         GlycolData(GlycolIndex).CondHighTempValue));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             }
             if (LowErrorThisTime) {
@@ -7993,9 +8035,12 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
             if ((HighErrorThisTime) && (HighTempLimitErr <= GlycolErrorLimitTest)) {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Temperature is out of range (too high) for fluid [" + GlycolData(GlycolIndex).Name +
                                    "] conductivity **");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Called From:" + CalledFrom + ",Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2) + "], supplied data range=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(GlycolData(GlycolIndex).CondLowTempValue, 2) + ',' +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(GlycolData(GlycolIndex).CondHighTempValue, 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("..Called From:{},Temperature=[{:.2R}], supplied data range=[{:.2R},{:.2R}]",
+                                         CalledFrom,
+                                         Temperature,
+                                         GlycolData(GlycolIndex).CondLowTempValue,
+                                         GlycolData(GlycolIndex).CondHighTempValue));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             }
             if (HighErrorThisTime) {
@@ -8139,9 +8184,12 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
             if ((LowErrorThisTime) && (LowTempLimitErr <= GlycolErrorLimitTest)) {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Temperature is out of range (too low) for fluid [" + GlycolData(GlycolIndex).Name +
                                    "] viscosity **");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Called From:" + CalledFrom + ",Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2) + "], supplied data range=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(GlycolData(GlycolIndex).ViscLowTempValue, 2) + ',' +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(GlycolData(GlycolIndex).ViscHighTempValue, 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("..Called From:{},Temperature=[{:.2R}], supplied data range=[{:.2R},{:.2R}]",
+                                         CalledFrom,
+                                         Temperature,
+                                         GlycolData(GlycolIndex).ViscLowTempValue,
+                                         GlycolData(GlycolIndex).ViscHighTempValue));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             }
             if (LowErrorThisTime) {
@@ -8158,9 +8206,12 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
             if ((HighErrorThisTime) && (HighTempLimitErr <= GlycolErrorLimitTest)) {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Temperature is out of range (too high) for fluid [" + GlycolData(GlycolIndex).Name +
                                    "] viscosity **");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Called From:" + CalledFrom + ",Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2) + "], supplied data range=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(GlycolData(GlycolIndex).ViscLowTempValue, 2) + ',' +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(GlycolData(GlycolIndex).ViscHighTempValue, 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("..Called From:{},Temperature=[{:.2R}], supplied data range=[{:.2R},{:.2R}]",
+                                         CalledFrom,
+                                         Temperature,
+                                         GlycolData(GlycolIndex).ViscLowTempValue,
+                                         GlycolData(GlycolIndex).ViscHighTempValue));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             }
             if (HighErrorThisTime) {
@@ -8668,8 +8719,8 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
             if (TempRangeErrCount <= RefrigerantErrorLimitTest) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "GetInterpolatedSatProp: Saturation temperature for interpolation is out of range of data supplied: **");
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Called from:" + CalledFrom);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Refrigerant temperature = " + RoundSigDigits(Temperature, 2));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Returned saturated property value = " + RoundSigDigits(ReturnValue, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Refrigerant temperature = {:.2R}", Temperature));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Returned saturated property value = {:.3R}", ReturnValue));
             } else {
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "GetInterpolatedSatProp: Refrigerant temperature for interpolation out of range error",
                                                TempRangeErrIndex,
@@ -8781,8 +8832,8 @@ CurrentModuleObject,
         }
 
         if (NumUnusedRefrig > 0 || NumUnusedGlycol > 0) {
-            if (NumUnusedRefrig > 0) ShowMessage(state, "There are " + RoundSigDigits(NumUnusedRefrig) + " unused refrigerants in input.");
-            if (NumUnusedGlycol > 0) ShowMessage(state, "There are " + RoundSigDigits(NumUnusedGlycol) + " unused glycols in input.");
+            if (NumUnusedRefrig > 0) ShowMessage(state, format("There are {} unused refrigerants in input.", NumUnusedRefrig));
+            if (NumUnusedGlycol > 0) ShowMessage(state, format("There are {} unused glycols in input.", NumUnusedGlycol));
             ShowMessage(state, "Use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayUnusedObjects; to see them.");
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/FuelCellElectricGenerator.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/FuelCellElectricGenerator.cc
index 74e2c129775..7bbb033e627 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/FuelCellElectricGenerator.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/FuelCellElectricGenerator.cc
@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ namespace FuelCellElectricGenerator {
                     FuelCell(thisFuelCell).AirSup.NumConstituents = NumAirConstit;
 
                     if (NumAirConstit > 5) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(4), 2));
+                        ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4), NumArray(4)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Fuel Cell model not set up for more than 5 air constituents");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ namespace FuelCellElectricGenerator {
                 if (std::abs(sum(FuelCell(thisFuelCell).AirSup.ConstitMolalFract) - 1.0) > 0.0001) {
 
                     ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " molar fractions do not sum to 1.0");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Sum was=" + General::RoundSigDigits(sum(FuelCell(thisFuelCell).AirSup.ConstitMolalFract), 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..Sum was={:.1R}", sum(FuelCell(thisFuelCell).AirSup.ConstitMolalFract)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + AlphArray(1));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
@@ -1560,8 +1560,7 @@ namespace FuelCellElectricGenerator {
                 DataGenerators::FuelSupply(this->FuelSupNum).CompPowerLossFactor * DataGenerators::FuelSupply(this->FuelSupNum).PfuelCompEl;
 
             if (DataGenerators::FuelSupply(this->FuelSupNum).QskinLoss < 0.0) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "problem in FuelSupply.QskinLoss " +
-                                 General::RoundSigDigits(DataGenerators::FuelSupply(this->FuelSupNum).QskinLoss, 3));
+                ShowWarningError(state, format("problem in FuelSupply.QskinLoss {:.3R}", DataGenerators::FuelSupply(this->FuelSupNum).QskinLoss));
                 DataGenerators::FuelSupply(this->FuelSupNum).QskinLoss = 0.0;
             }
 
@@ -1678,7 +1677,7 @@ namespace FuelCellElectricGenerator {
             this->AirSup.QskinLoss = this->AirSup.BlowerHeatLossFactor * this->AirSup.PairCompEl;
 
             if (this->AirSup.QskinLoss < 0.0) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "problem in AirSup.QskinLoss " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->AirSup.QskinLoss, 3));
+                ShowWarningError(state, format("problem in AirSup.QskinLoss {:.3R}", this->AirSup.QskinLoss));
                 this->AirSup.QskinLoss = 0.0;
             }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Furnaces.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Furnaces.cc
index 70446dc61d3..3b30df9c65c 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Furnaces.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Furnaces.cc
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ namespace Furnaces {
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::SimHXAssistedCoolingCoil;
         using namespace DataZoneEnergyDemands;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::TempControlType;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using IntegratedHeatPump::IntegratedHeatPumps;
         using WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple::SimWatertoAirHPSimple;
 
@@ -364,13 +364,18 @@ namespace Furnaces {
         } else {
             FurnaceNum = CompIndex;
             if (FurnaceNum > NumFurnaces || FurnaceNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimFurnace:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(FurnaceNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumFurnaces) + ", Entered Unit name=" + FurnaceName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format(
+                        "SimFurnace:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}", FurnaceNum, NumFurnaces, FurnaceName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(FurnaceNum)) {
                 if (FurnaceName != Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimFurnace: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(FurnaceNum) + ", Unit name=" + FurnaceName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimFurnace: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          FurnaceNum,
+                                          FurnaceName,
+                                          Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(FurnaceNum) = false;
             }
@@ -900,8 +905,7 @@ namespace Furnaces {
         using Fans::GetFanOutletNode;
         using Fans::GetFanType;
         using FluidProperties::GetSatDensityRefrig;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using OutAirNodeManager::CheckOutAirNodeNumber;
         using SteamCoils::GetTypeOfCoil;
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
@@ -1549,8 +1553,12 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                 if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate > FanVolFlowRate) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... The " + cNumericFields(2) + " > Max Volume Flow Rate defined in the associated fan object, should be <=.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate, 4) + "... Fan [" + FanType +
-                                      " = " + FanName + "] Max Value = " + RoundSigDigits(FanVolFlowRate, 4));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("... Entered value = {:.4R}... Fan [{} = {}] Max Value = {:.4R}",
+                                             Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate,
+                                             FanType,
+                                             FanName,
+                                             FanVolFlowRate));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The HVAC system  flow rate is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate = FanVolFlowRate;
                 }
@@ -1559,7 +1567,7 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                 if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate <= 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... The " + cNumericFields(2) + " <= 0.0, it must be > 0.0.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... Entered value = {:.2R}", Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -2684,21 +2692,21 @@ namespace Furnaces {
             Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow = Numbers(2);
             if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= 0 && Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(2) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(2), 7));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(2), Numbers(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow = Numbers(3);
             if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= 0 && Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(3) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 7));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(3), Numbers(3)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow = Numbers(4);
             if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0 && Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(4) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(4), 7));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(4), Numbers(4)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2734,16 +2742,22 @@ namespace Furnaces {
             if (FanVolFlowRate != AutoSize) {
                 if (FanVolFlowRate < Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow && Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlowRate, 7) + " in fan object " + FanName +
-                                      " is less than the maximum HVAC system air flow rate in cooling mode.");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("... air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum HVAC system air flow rate in cooling mode.",
+                               FanVolFlowRate,
+                               FanName));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The " + cNumericFields(2) + " is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow = FanVolFlowRate;
                     Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate = FanVolFlowRate;
                 }
                 if (FanVolFlowRate < Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow && Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlowRate, 7) + " in fan object " + FanName +
-                                      " is less than the maximum HVAC system air flow rate in heating mode.");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("... air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum HVAC system air flow rate in heating mode.",
+                               FanVolFlowRate,
+                               FanName));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The " + cNumericFields(3) + " is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow = FanVolFlowRate;
                     Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate = FanVolFlowRate;
@@ -3557,21 +3571,21 @@ namespace Furnaces {
             Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow = Numbers(1);
             if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= 0 && Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(1) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(1), 7));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(1), Numbers(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow = Numbers(2);
             if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= 0 && Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(2) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(2), 7));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(2), Numbers(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow = Numbers(3);
             if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0 && Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(3) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 7));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(3), Numbers(3)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3624,16 +3638,22 @@ namespace Furnaces {
             if (FanVolFlowRate != AutoSize) {
                 if (FanVolFlowRate < Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow && Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlowRate, 7) + " in fan object " + FanName +
-                                      " is less than the maximum HVAC system air flow rate in cooling mode.");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("... air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum HVAC system air flow rate in cooling mode.",
+                               FanVolFlowRate,
+                               FanName));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The " + cNumericFields(1) + " is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow = FanVolFlowRate;
                     Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate = FanVolFlowRate;
                 }
                 if (FanVolFlowRate < Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow && Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlowRate, 7) + " in fan object " + FanName +
-                                      " is less than the maximum HVAC system air flow rate in heating mode.");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("... air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum HVAC system air flow rate in heating mode.",
+                               FanVolFlowRate,
+                               FanName));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The " + cNumericFields(2) + " is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow = FanVolFlowRate;
                     Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate = FanVolFlowRate;
@@ -4407,15 +4427,19 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                 if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate > FanVolFlowRate) {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... has a Cooling or Heating Air Flow Rate > Max Fan Volume Flow Rate, should be <=.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate, 2) + "... Fan [" + FanType +
-                                      ':' + FanName + "] Max Value=" + RoundSigDigits(FanVolFlowRate, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("... Entered value={:.2R}... Fan [{}:{}] Max Value={:.2R}",
+                                             Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate,
+                                             FanType,
+                                             FanName,
+                                             FanVolFlowRate));
                 }
             }
             if (FanVolFlowRate != AutoSize && Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate != AutoSize) {
                 if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate <= 0.0) {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... has a Design Fan Flow Rate <= 0.0, it must be >0.0");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... Entered value={:.2R}", Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -4800,8 +4824,7 @@ namespace Furnaces {
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::ZoneSysMoistureDemand;
         using Fans::GetFanDesignVolumeFlowRate;
         using Fans::GetFanSpeedRatioCurveIndex;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::ScanPlantLoopsForObject;
         using SteamCoils::SimulateSteamCoilComponents;
         auto &GetCoilMaxSteamFlowRate(SteamCoils::GetCoilMaxSteamFlowRate);
@@ -4948,13 +4971,16 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                 if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate > FanVolFlowRate) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + '=' + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
                                      " has a Design Fan Volume Flow Rate > Max Fan Volume Flow Rate, should be <=");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate, 2) + "... Fan [" +
-                                      cFanTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FanType_Num) + "] Max Value=" + RoundSigDigits(FanVolFlowRate, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("... Entered value={:.2R}... Fan [{}] Max Value={:.2R}",
+                                             Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate,
+                                             cFanTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FanType_Num),
+                                             FanVolFlowRate));
                 }
                 if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate <= 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + '=' + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
                                     " has a Design Fan Volume Flow Rate <= 0.0, it must be >0.0");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... Entered value={:.2R}", Furnace(FurnaceNum).DesignFanVolFlowRate));
                 }
 
                 MySecondOneTimeFlag(FurnaceNum) = false;
@@ -5227,10 +5253,10 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...For fan type and name = " + FanType + " \"" + FanName + "\"");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Fan power ratio function of speed ratio curve has no impact if fan volumetric flow rate is the same as "
                                           "the unitary system volumetric flow rate.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Fan volumetric flow rate            = " + RoundSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate, 5) +
-                                          " m3/s.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Unitary system volumetric flow rate = " + RoundSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow, 5) +
-                                          " m3/s.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Fan volumetric flow rate            = {:.5R} m3/s.", Furnace(FurnaceNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Unitary system volumetric flow rate = {:.5R} m3/s.", Furnace(FurnaceNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow));
                     }
                 }
                 MyFanFlag(FurnaceNum) = false;
@@ -5523,9 +5549,12 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                 if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).FanVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                     //     Check fan versus system supply air flow rates
                     if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).FanVolFlow + 1e-10 < Furnace(FurnaceNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedCooling)) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                         " in fan object is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when cooling is required (" +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedCooling), 7) + ").");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when cooling "
+                                                "is required ({:.7T}).",
+                                                CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                Furnace(FurnaceNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                                Furnace(FurnaceNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedCooling)));
                         ShowContinueError(state,
                             " The MSHP system flow rate when cooling is required is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
@@ -5540,9 +5569,10 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                         // Check flow rates in other speeds and ensure flow rates are not above the max flow rate
                         for (int i = NumOfSpeedCooling - 1; i >= 1; --i) {
                             if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i) > Furnace(FurnaceNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i + 1)) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, " The MSHP system flow rate when cooling is required is reset to the flow rate at higher speed and "
-                                                  "the simulation continues at Speed" +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(i) + '.');
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format(" The MSHP system flow rate when cooling is required is reset to the flow rate at higher "
+                                                         "speed and the simulation continues at Speed{}.",
+                                                         i));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
                                 Furnace(FurnaceNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i) = Furnace(FurnaceNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i + 1);
                             }
@@ -5550,9 +5580,12 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                     }
                     if (NumOfSpeedHeating > 0) {
                         if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).FanVolFlow + 1e-10 < Furnace(FurnaceNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedHeating)) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                             " in fan object is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when heating is required (" +
-                                             TrimSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedHeating), 7) + ").");
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when "
+                                                    "heating is required ({:.7T}).",
+                                                    CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                    Furnace(FurnaceNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                                    Furnace(FurnaceNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedHeating)));
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 " The MSHP system flow rate when heating is required is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
@@ -5567,9 +5600,10 @@ namespace Furnaces {
 
                             for (int i = NumOfSpeedHeating - 1; i >= 1; --i) {
                                 if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i) > Furnace(FurnaceNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i + 1)) {
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, " The MSHP system flow rate when heating is required is reset to the flow rate at higher speed "
-                                                      "and the simulation continues at Speed" +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(i) + '.');
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format(" The MSHP system flow rate when heating is required is reset to the flow rate at "
+                                                             "higher speed and the simulation continues at Speed{}.",
+                                                             i));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " system = " + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
                                     Furnace(FurnaceNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i) = Furnace(FurnaceNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i + 1);
                                 }
@@ -5577,9 +5611,12 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                         }
                     }
                     if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).FanVolFlow < Furnace(FurnaceNum).IdleVolumeAirRate && Furnace(FurnaceNum).IdleVolumeAirRate != 0.0) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                         " in fan object is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when no heating or cooling is needed (" +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(Furnace(FurnaceNum).IdleVolumeAirRate, 7) + ").");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when no "
+                                                "heating or cooling is needed ({:.7T}).",
+                                                CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                Furnace(FurnaceNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                                Furnace(FurnaceNum).IdleVolumeAirRate));
                         ShowContinueError(state, " The MSHP system flow rate when no heating or cooling is needed is reset to the fan flow rate and the "
                                           "simulation continues.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
@@ -5901,7 +5938,6 @@ namespace Furnaces {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -6059,7 +6095,7 @@ namespace Furnaces {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataSizing;
         using EMSManager::ManageEMS;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::SimHXAssistedCoolingCoil;
         using IntegratedHeatPump::IntegratedHeatPumps;
         using IntegratedHeatPump::SizeIHP;
@@ -6441,7 +6477,6 @@ namespace Furnaces {
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
         using namespace ScheduleManager;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::MAT;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -6633,9 +6668,11 @@ namespace Furnaces {
 
                     if (Iter > MaxIter) {
                         if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).HeatingMaxIterIndex2 == 0) {
-                            ShowWarningMessage(state, cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
-                                               "\" -- Exceeded max heating iterations (" + TrimSigDigits(MaxIter) +
-                                               ") while adjusting furnace runtime.");
+                            ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                               format("{} \"{}\" -- Exceeded max heating iterations ({}) while adjusting furnace runtime.",
+                                                      cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num),
+                                                      Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name,
+                                                      MaxIter));
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -6743,7 +6780,7 @@ namespace Furnaces {
         using DXCoils::DXCoil;
         using DXCoils::DXCoilPartLoadRatio;
         using General::SolveRoot;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
 
         // Locals
@@ -7034,10 +7071,12 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                                             ShowWarningMessage(state, "Heating coil control failed to converge for " +
                                                                cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + ':' + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating DX heating coil sensible part-load ratio.");
-                                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
-                                                "Sensible load to be met by DX heating coil = " + TrimSigDigits(SystemSensibleLoad, 2) +
-                                                " (watts), sensible output of DX heating coil = " + TrimSigDigits(TempHeatOutput, 2) +
-                                                " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                                state,
+                                                format("Sensible load to be met by DX heating coil = {:.2T} (watts), sensible output of DX heating "
+                                                       "coil = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                                       SystemSensibleLoad,
+                                                       TempHeatOutput));
                                         }
                                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                                             cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -7052,8 +7091,10 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "Heating coil control failed for " + cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) +
                                                            ':' + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "  DX sensible heating part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of 0-1.");
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met by DX heating coil = " +
-                                                                   TrimSigDigits(SystemSensibleLoad, 2) + " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                            state,
+                                            format("Sensible load to be met by DX heating coil = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                                   SystemSensibleLoad));
                                     }
                                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                                         cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -7304,9 +7345,10 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                                                            cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + ':' + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating heating coil sensible part-load ratio.");
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
-                                            "Sensible load to be met by heating coil = " + TrimSigDigits(SystemSensibleLoad, 2) +
-                                            " (watts), sensible output of heating coil = " + TrimSigDigits(TempHeatOutput, 2) +
-                                            " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                                                                   format("Sensible load to be met by heating coil = {:.2T} (watts), sensible output "
+                                                                          "of heating coil = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                                                          SystemSensibleLoad,
+                                                                          TempHeatOutput));
                                     }
                                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" +
                                                                        Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -7321,8 +7363,10 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Heating coil control failed for " + cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + ':' +
                                                        Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "  Sensible heating part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of 0-1.");
-                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met by heating coil = " + TrimSigDigits(SystemSensibleLoad, 2) +
-                                                               " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("Sensible load to be met by heating coil = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                               SystemSensibleLoad));
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                                     cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -7524,9 +7568,10 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
                                                     "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating DX cooling coil sensible part-load ratio.");
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
-                                                    "Sensible load to be met by DX coil = " + TrimSigDigits(CoolCoilLoad, 2) +
-                                                    " (watts), sensible output of DX coil = " + TrimSigDigits(TempCoolOutput, 2) +
-                                                    " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                                                                           format("Sensible load to be met by DX coil = {:.2T} (watts), sensible "
+                                                                                  "output of DX coil = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                                                                  CoolCoilLoad,
+                                                                                  TempCoolOutput));
                                             }
                                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" +
                                                                                Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -7543,7 +7588,7 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                                             ShowWarningMessage(state, "Cooling coil control failed for " +
                                                                cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + ':' + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "  Cooling sensible part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of 0-1.");
-                                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "  Cooling sensible load = " + TrimSigDigits(CoolCoilLoad, 2));
+                                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("  Cooling sensible load = {:.2T}", CoolCoilLoad));
                                         }
                                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                                             cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -7803,13 +7848,15 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                                                                    cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + ':' +
                                                                    Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
                                                 ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating cooling coil latent part-load ratio.");
-                                                ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "  Latent load convergence error (percent) = " +
-                                                    TrimSigDigits(100.0 * std::abs((SystemMoistureLoad - TempLatentOutput) / SystemMoistureLoad), 2));
+                                                ShowContinueError(
+                                                    state,
+                                                    format("  Latent load convergence error (percent) = {:.2T}",
+                                                           100.0 * std::abs((SystemMoistureLoad - TempLatentOutput) / SystemMoistureLoad)));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
-                                                    "Moisture load to be met by DX coil = " + TrimSigDigits(SystemMoistureLoad, 2) +
-                                                    " (watts), Latent output of DX coil = " + TrimSigDigits(TempLatentOutput, 2) +
-                                                    " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                                                                           format("Moisture load to be met by DX coil = {:.2T} (watts), Latent "
+                                                                                  "output of DX coil = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                                                                  SystemMoistureLoad,
+                                                                                  TempLatentOutput));
                                             }
                                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                                                 cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -7824,10 +7871,12 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                                     if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).LatentRegulaFalsiFailedIndex2 == 0) {
                                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "Cooling coil control failed for " + cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) +
                                                            ':' + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "  Latent part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of " +
-                                                          TrimSigDigits(TempMinPLR, 3) + " to " + TrimSigDigits(TempMaxPLR, 3) + '.');
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "A PLR of " + TrimSigDigits(TempMinPLR, 3) +
-                                                                   " will be used and the simulation continues.");
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("  Latent part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of {:.3T} to {:.3T}.",
+                                                                 TempMinPLR,
+                                                                 TempMaxPLR));
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
+                                                                   format("A PLR of {:.3T} will be used and the simulation continues.", TempMinPLR));
                                     }
                                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                                         cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -8058,7 +8107,7 @@ namespace Furnaces {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::MAT;
         using General::SolveRoot;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
 
@@ -8275,9 +8324,11 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, "Cooling coil control failed to converge for " + cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) +
                                                ':' + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating DX cooling coil sensible part-load ratio.");
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met by DX coil = " + TrimSigDigits(TotalZoneSensLoad, 2) +
-                                                       " (watts), sensible output of DX coil = " + TrimSigDigits(ZoneSensLoadMet, 2) +
-                                                       " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
+                                                       format("Sensible load to be met by DX coil = {:.2T} (watts), sensible output of DX coil = "
+                                                              "{:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                                              TotalZoneSensLoad,
+                                                              ZoneSensLoadMet));
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
                                                            "\" - Iteration limit exceeded in calculating sensible cooling part-load ratio error "
@@ -8307,11 +8358,12 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, "Cooling coil control failed for " + cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + ':' +
                                                Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "  Cooling sensible part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of 0-1.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "  An estimated part-load ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(CoolPartLoadRatio, 2) +
-                                              " will be used and the simulation continues.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "  The estimated part-load ratio provides a cooling sensible capacity = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(ZoneSensLoadMet, 2));
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "  Cooling sensible load required = " + TrimSigDigits(TotalZoneSensLoad, 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("  An estimated part-load ratio = {:.2T} will be used and the simulation continues.", CoolPartLoadRatio));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("  The estimated part-load ratio provides a cooling sensible capacity = {:.2T}", ZoneSensLoadMet));
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("  Cooling sensible load required = {:.2T}", TotalZoneSensLoad));
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                             cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -8465,9 +8517,11 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, "Heating coil control failed to converge for " + cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) +
                                                ':' + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating DX heating coil sensible part-load ratio.");
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met by DX coil = " + TrimSigDigits(TotalZoneSensLoad, 2) +
-                                                       " (watts), sensible output of DX coil = " + TrimSigDigits(ZoneSensLoadMet, 2) +
-                                                       " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
+                                                       format("Sensible load to be met by DX coil = {:.2T} (watts), sensible output of DX coil = "
+                                                              "{:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                                              TotalZoneSensLoad,
+                                                              ZoneSensLoadMet));
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                             cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -8496,11 +8550,12 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "Heating coil control failed for " + cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + ':' +
                                              Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "  Heating sensible part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of 0-1.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "  An estimated part-load ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(HeatPartLoadRatio, 2) +
-                                              " will be used and the simulation continues.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "  The estimated part-load ratio provides a heating sensible capacity = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(ZoneSensLoadMet, 2));
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "  Heating sensible load required = " + TrimSigDigits(TotalZoneSensLoad, 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("  An estimated part-load ratio = {:.2T} will be used and the simulation continues.", HeatPartLoadRatio));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("  The estimated part-load ratio provides a heating sensible capacity = {:.2T}", ZoneSensLoadMet));
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("  Heating sensible load required = {:.2T}", TotalZoneSensLoad));
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + " \"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
                                                            "\" - Heating sensible part-load ratio out of range error continues.",
@@ -9672,7 +9727,7 @@ namespace Furnaces {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallLoad;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
@@ -9765,21 +9820,23 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed for " +
                                                    cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + "=\"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name + "\"");
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) +
-                                                  "] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("  Iteration limit [{}] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate", SolveMaxIter));
                             }
-                            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [" +
-                                                               RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) + "]) for " +
-                                                               cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + "=\"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name,
-                                                           Furnace(FurnaceNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex);
+                            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
+                                format("CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [{}]) for {}=\"{}",
+                                       SolveMaxIter,
+                                       cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num),
+                                       Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name),
+                                Furnace(FurnaceNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex);
                         } else if (SolFlag == -2) {
                             if (Furnace(FurnaceNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex2 == 0) {
                                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (maximum flow limits) for " +
                                                    cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + "=\"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name + "\"");
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Bad hot water maximum flow rate limits");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Given minimum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MinWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Given maximum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MaxHotWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given minimum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MinWaterFlow));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given maximum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MaxHotWaterFlow));
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (flow limits) for " +
                                                                cFurnaceTypes(Furnace(FurnaceNum).FurnaceType_Num) + "=\"" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -10261,9 +10318,8 @@ namespace Furnaces {
         // Use RegulaFalsi technique to iterate on part-load ratio until convergence is achieved.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
         using General::SolveRoot;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
         using IntegratedHeatPump::GetCurWorkMode;
         using IntegratedHeatPump::GetMaxSpeedNumIHP;
@@ -10436,7 +10492,7 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                                 ++ErrCountCyc;
                                 ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating VS WSHP unit cycling ratio, for unit=" +
                                                  Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Cycling ratio returned=" + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 2));
+                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Cycling ratio returned={:.2R}", PartLoadFrac));
                             } else {
                                 ++ErrCountCyc;
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -10505,8 +10561,7 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                                 ++ErrCountVar;
                                 ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating VS WSHP unit speed ratio, for unit=" +
                                                  Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Speed ratio returned=[" + RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 2) +
-                                                           "], Speed number =" + RoundSigDigits(SpeedNum));
+                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Speed ratio returned=[{:.2R}], Speed number ={}", SpeedRatio, SpeedNum));
                             } else {
                                 ++ErrCountVar;
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -10578,8 +10633,7 @@ namespace Furnaces {
                         if (ErrCountVar == 0) {
                             ++ErrCountVar;
                             ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating VS WSHP unit speed ratio, for unit=" + Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name);
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Speed ratio returned=[" + RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 2) +
-                                                       "], Speed number =" + RoundSigDigits(SpeedNum));
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Speed ratio returned=[{:.2R}], Speed number ={}", SpeedRatio, SpeedNum));
                         } else {
                             ++ErrCountVar;
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, Furnace(FurnaceNum).Name +
@@ -11773,7 +11827,6 @@ namespace Furnaces {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::CurDeadBandOrSetback;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/General.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/General.cc
index 8f0e8d5209f..37bfe7d1c9a 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/General.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/General.cc
@@ -1587,30 +1587,6 @@ namespace General {
         return POLY2F;
     }
 
-    std::string TrimSigDigits(Real64 const RealValue, int const SigDigits)
-    {
-        return format("{:.{}T}", RealValue, SigDigits);
-    }
-
-    std::string TrimSigDigits(int const IntegerValue,
-                              [[maybe_unused]] Optional_int_const SigDigits // ignored
-    )
-    {
-        return format("{}", IntegerValue);
-    }
-
-    std::string RoundSigDigits(Real64 const RealValue, int const SigDigits)
-    {
-        return format("{:.{}R}", RealValue, SigDigits);
-    }
-
-    std::string RoundSigDigits(int const IntegerValue,
-                               [[maybe_unused]] Optional_int_const SigDigits // ignored
-    )
-    {
-        return format("{}", IntegerValue);
-    }
-
     std::string RemoveTrailingZeros(std::string const &InputString)
     {
 
@@ -3589,10 +3565,13 @@ namespace General {
             ShowWarningError(state, calledFrom + CurrentObject + " Combination of ZoneList and Object Name generate a name too long.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Object Name=\"" + ItemName + "\".");
             ShowContinueError(state, "ZoneList/Zone Name=\"" + ZoneName + "\".");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Item length=[" + RoundSigDigits(int(ItemLength)) + "] > Maximum Length=[" + RoundSigDigits(DataGlobalConstants::MaxNameLength()) +
-                              "]. You may need to shorten the names.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Shortening the Object Name by [" + RoundSigDigits(int(MaxZoneNameLength + 1 + ItemNameLength - DataGlobalConstants::MaxNameLength())) +
-                              "] characters will assure uniqueness for this ZoneList.");
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("Item length=[{}] > Maximum Length=[{}]. You may need to shorten the names.",
+                                     ItemLength,
+                                     DataGlobalConstants::MaxNameLength()));
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("Shortening the Object Name by [{}] characters will assure uniqueness for this ZoneList.",
+                                     MaxZoneNameLength + 1 + ItemNameLength - DataGlobalConstants::MaxNameLength()));
             ShowContinueError(state, "name that will be used (may be needed in reporting)=\"" + ResultName + "\".");
             TooLong = true;
         }
@@ -3601,8 +3580,8 @@ namespace General {
 
         if (FoundItem != 0) {
             ShowSevereError(state, calledFrom + CurrentObject + "=\"" + ItemName + "\", Duplicate Generated name encountered.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "name=\"" + ResultName + "\" has already been generated or entered as " + CurrentObject + " item=[" +
-                              RoundSigDigits(FoundItem) + "].");
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("name=\"{}\" has already been generated or entered as {} item=[{}].", ResultName, CurrentObject, FoundItem));
             if (TooLong) ShowContinueError(state, "Duplicate name likely caused by the previous \"too long\" warning.");
             ResultName = "xxxxxxx";
             errFlag = true;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/General.hh b/src/EnergyPlus/General.hh
index e74cfd3dd58..feac07ba70b 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/General.hh
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/General.hh
@@ -216,18 +216,6 @@ namespace General {
                   int &N             // number of terms in polynomial
     );
 
-    std::string TrimSigDigits(Real64 const RealValue, int const SigDigits);
-
-    std::string TrimSigDigits(int const IntegerValue,
-                              Optional_int_const SigDigits = _ // ignored
-    );
-
-    std::string RoundSigDigits(Real64 const RealValue, int const SigDigits);
-
-    std::string RoundSigDigits(int const IntegerValue,
-                               Optional_int_const SigDigits = _ // ignored
-    );
-
     std::string RemoveTrailingZeros(std::string const &InputString);
 
     std::string &strip_trailing_zeros(std::string &InputString);
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/GeneralRoutines.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/GeneralRoutines.cc
index 8106aa9272c..0ef0f139532 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/GeneralRoutines.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/GeneralRoutines.cc
@@ -160,8 +160,7 @@ void ControlCompOutput(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &CompName,
     using namespace DataLoopNode;
     using BaseboardRadiator::SimHWConvective;
     using FanCoilUnits::Calc4PipeFanCoil;
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
     using HWBaseboardRadiator::CalcHWBaseboard;
     using OutdoorAirUnit::CalcOAUnitCoilComps;
     using PlantUtilities::SetActuatedBranchFlowRate;
@@ -310,8 +309,7 @@ void ControlCompOutput(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &CompName,
             // Check to make sure that the Minimum Flow rate is less than the max.
             if (MinFlow > MaxFlow) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "ControlCompOutput:" + CompType + ':' + CompName + ", Min Control Flow is > Max Control Flow");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Acuated Node=" + NodeID(ActuatedNode) + " MinFlow=[" + TrimSigDigits(MinFlow, 3) +
-                                  "], Max Flow=" + TrimSigDigits(MaxFlow, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Acuated Node={} MinFlow=[{:.3T}], Max Flow={:.3T}", NodeID(ActuatedNode), MinFlow, MaxFlow));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition.");
             }
@@ -494,7 +492,7 @@ void ControlCompOutput(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &CompName,
             } else if (Action == iReverseAction) {
                 Denom = -max(std::abs(QZnReq), 100.0);
             } else {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "ControlCompOutput: Illegal Action argument =[" + TrimSigDigits(Action) + ']');
+                ShowFatalError(state, format("ControlCompOutput: Illegal Action argument =[{}]", Action));
             }
         }
 
@@ -592,7 +590,7 @@ void ControlCompOutput(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &CompName,
             break;
 
         default:
-            ShowFatalError(state, "ControlCompOutput: Illegal Component Number argument =[" + TrimSigDigits(SimCompNum) + ']');
+            ShowFatalError(state, format("ControlCompOutput: Illegal Component Number argument =[{}]", SimCompNum));
             break;
         }
 
@@ -627,12 +625,12 @@ void ControlCompOutput(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &CompName,
         if ((Iter > MaxIter) && (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag)) {
             // if ( CompErrIndex == 0 ) {
             ShowWarningMessage(state, "ControlCompOutput: Maximum iterations exceeded for " + CompType + " = " + CompName);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "... Load met       = " + TrimSigDigits(LoadMet, 5) + " W.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "... Load requested = " + TrimSigDigits(QZnReq, 5) + " W.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "... Error          = " + TrimSigDigits(std::abs((LoadMet - QZnReq) * 100.0 / Denom), 8) + " %.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "... Tolerance      = " + TrimSigDigits(ControlOffset * 100.0, 8) + " %.");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("... Load met       = {:.5T} W.", LoadMet));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("... Load requested = {:.5T} W.", QZnReq));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("... Error          = {:.8T} %.", std::abs((LoadMet - QZnReq) * 100.0 / Denom)));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("... Tolerance      = {:.8T} %.", ControlOffset * 100.0));
             ShowContinueError(state, "... Error          = (Load met - Load requested) / MAXIMUM(Load requested, 100)");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "... Actuated Node Mass Flow Rate =" + RoundSigDigits(Node(ActuatedNode).MassFlowRate, 9) + " kg/s");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("... Actuated Node Mass Flow Rate ={:.9R} kg/s", Node(ActuatedNode).MassFlowRate));
             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "ControlCompOutput: Maximum iterations error for " + CompType + " = " + CompName,
                                            CompErrIndex,
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/GeneratorFuelSupply.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/GeneratorFuelSupply.cc
index af6d5f0a789..b2bc51ab493 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/GeneratorFuelSupply.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/GeneratorFuelSupply.cc
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ namespace GeneratorFuelSupply {
         using DataLoopNode::NodeConnectionType_Sensor;
         using DataLoopNode::NodeType_Air;
         using DataLoopNode::ObjectIsNotParent;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
 
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ namespace GeneratorFuelSupply {
                     // check for molar fractions summing to 1.0.
                     if (std::abs(sum(FuelSupply(FuelSupNum).ConstitMolalFract) - 1.0) > 0.0001) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " molar fractions do not sum to 1.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Sum was=" + RoundSigDigits(sum(FuelSupply(FuelSupNum).ConstitMolalFract), 5));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Sum was={:.5R}", sum(FuelSupply(FuelSupNum).ConstitMolalFract)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + AlphArray(1));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/GroundHeatExchangers.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/GroundHeatExchangers.cc
index 38137356d29..aad91d69568 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/GroundHeatExchangers.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/GroundHeatExchangers.cc
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ namespace GroundHeatExchangers {
     using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
     using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
     using namespace DataLoopNode;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
     using namespace GroundTemperatureManager;
 
     // MODULE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS
@@ -258,8 +258,7 @@ namespace GroundHeatExchangers {
             for (int yBH = 1; yBH <= arrayObjectPtr->numBHinYDirection; ++yBH) {
                 bhCounter += 1;
                 std::shared_ptr<GLHEVertSingleStruct> thisBH(new GLHEVertSingleStruct);
-                thisBH->name =
-                    thisRF->name + " BH " + std::to_string(bhCounter) + " loc: (" + std::to_string(xLoc) + ", " + std::to_string(yLoc) + ")";
+                thisBH->name = format("{} BH {} loc: ({}, {})", thisRF->name, bhCounter, xLoc, yLoc);
                 thisBH->props = GetVertProps(arrayObjectPtr->props->name);
                 thisBH->xLoc = xLoc;
                 thisBH->yLoc = yLoc;
@@ -283,11 +282,11 @@ namespace GroundHeatExchangers {
     {
         // Make new response factor object and store it for later use
         std::shared_ptr<GLHEResponseFactorsStruct> thisRF(new GLHEResponseFactorsStruct);
-        thisRF->name = "Response Factor Object Auto Generated No: " + std::to_string(numAutoGeneratedResponseFactors + 1);
+        thisRF->name = format("Response Factor Object Auto Generated No: {}", numAutoGeneratedResponseFactors + 1);
 
         // Make new props object which has the mean values of the other props objects referenced by the individual BH objects
         std::shared_ptr<GLHEVertPropsStruct> thisProps(new GLHEVertPropsStruct);
-        thisProps->name = "Response Factor Auto Generated Mean Props No: " + std::to_string(numAutoGeneratedResponseFactors + 1);
+        thisProps->name = format("Response Factor Auto Generated Mean Props No: {}", numAutoGeneratedResponseFactors + 1);
         int numBH = singleBHsForRFVect.size();
         for (auto &thisBH : singleBoreholesVector) {
             thisProps->bhDiameter += thisBH->props->bhDiameter;
@@ -1015,7 +1014,7 @@ namespace GroundHeatExchangers {
         int i = 0;
         for (auto &thisBH : myRespFactors->myBorholes) {
             ++i;
-            auto &d_bh = d["BH Data"]["BH " + std::to_string(i)];
+            auto &d_bh = d["BH Data"][format("BH {}", i)];
             d_bh["X-Location"] = thisBH->xLoc;
             d_bh["Y-Location"] = thisBH->yLoc;
         }
@@ -1134,12 +1133,12 @@ namespace GroundHeatExchangers {
             int i = 0;
             for (auto &existing_data : json_in) {
                 ++i;
-                std::string case_name = "GHLE " + std::to_string(i);
+                std::string case_name = format("GHLE {}", i);
                 json_out[case_name] = existing_data;
             }
 
             // add current data
-            std::string case_name = "GHLE " + std::to_string(i + 1);
+            std::string case_name = format("GHLE {}", i + 1);
             json_out[case_name] = myCacheData;
 
             if (state.files.outputControl.glhe) {
@@ -1731,7 +1730,6 @@ namespace GroundHeatExchangers {
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS
@@ -2020,7 +2018,7 @@ namespace GroundHeatExchangers {
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SafeCopyPlantNode;
 
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS
@@ -2045,8 +2043,7 @@ namespace GroundHeatExchangers {
             ShowContinueError(state, "For GroundHeatExchanger: " + name + "GLHE delta Temp > 100C.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "This can be encountered in cases where the GLHE mass flow rate is either significantly");
             ShowContinueError(state, " lower than the design value, or cases where the mass flow rate rapidly changes.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "GLHE Current Flow Rate=" + TrimSigDigits(massFlowRate, 3) +
-                              "; GLHE Design Flow Rate=" + TrimSigDigits(designMassFlow, 3));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("GLHE Current Flow Rate={:.3T}; GLHE Design Flow Rate={:.3T}", massFlowRate, designMassFlow));
             ++this->numErrorCalls;
         }
     }
@@ -2145,8 +2142,7 @@ namespace GroundHeatExchangers {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using BranchNodeConnections::TestCompSet;
         using DataEnvironment::MaxNumberSimYears;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using PlantUtilities::RegisterPlantCompDesignFlow;
 
@@ -2741,7 +2737,7 @@ namespace GroundHeatExchangers {
 
                 // Need to add a response factor object for the slinky model
                 std::shared_ptr<GLHEResponseFactorsStruct> thisRF(new GLHEResponseFactorsStruct);
-                thisRF->name = "Response Factor Object Auto Generated No: " + std::to_string(numAutoGeneratedResponseFactors + 1);
+                thisRF->name = "Response Factor Object Auto Generated No: " + fmt::to_string(numAutoGeneratedResponseFactors + 1);
                 thisGLHE.myRespFactors = thisRF;
                 responseFactorsVector.push_back(thisRF);
 
@@ -2761,8 +2757,8 @@ namespace GroundHeatExchangers {
                     if (thisGLHE.trenchDepth - thisGLHE.coilDiameter < 0.0) {
                         // Error: part of the coil is above ground
                         ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + thisGLHE.name + "\", invalid value in field.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..." + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(13) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(thisGLHE.trenchDepth, 3) + "].");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..." + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(thisGLHE.coilDepth, 3) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...{}=[{:.3R}].", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(13), thisGLHE.trenchDepth));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...{}=[{:.3R}].", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10), thisGLHE.coilDepth));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Average coil depth will be <=0.");
                         errorsFound = true;
 
@@ -2784,8 +2780,8 @@ namespace GroundHeatExchangers {
 
                 if (thisGLHE.pipe.thickness >= thisGLHE.pipe.outDia / 2.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + thisGLHE.name + "\", invalid value in field.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(12) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(thisGLHE.pipe.thickness, 3) + "].");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(thisGLHE.pipe.outDia, 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...{}=[{:.3R}].", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(12), thisGLHE.pipe.thickness));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...{}=[{:.3R}].", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10), thisGLHE.pipe.outDia));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Radius will be <=0.");
                     errorsFound = true;
                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACControllers.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACControllers.cc
index e81fe787ea0..4b7ea45cf24 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACControllers.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACControllers.cc
@@ -306,7 +306,6 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
         using namespace DataSystemVariables;
         using DataPlant::FlowLocked;
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -340,13 +339,20 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
         } else {
             ControlNum = ControllerIndex;
             if (ControlNum > NumControllers || ControlNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "ManageControllers: Invalid ControllerIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(ControlNum) +
-                               ", Number of controllers=" + TrimSigDigits(NumControllers) + ", Controller name=" + ControllerName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("ManageControllers: Invalid ControllerIndex passed={}, Number of controllers={}, Controller name={}",
+                                      ControlNum,
+                                      NumControllers,
+                                      ControllerName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(ControlNum)) {
                 if (ControllerName != ControllerProps(ControlNum).ControllerName) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "ManageControllers: Invalid ControllerIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(ControlNum) + ", Controller name=" +
-                                   ControllerName + ", stored Controller Name for that index=" + ControllerProps(ControlNum).ControllerName);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("ManageControllers: Invalid ControllerIndex passed={}, Controller name={}, stored Controller Name for that index={}",
+                               ControlNum,
+                               ControllerName,
+                               ControllerProps(ControlNum).ControllerName));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(ControlNum) = false;
             }
@@ -464,7 +470,7 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
                 }
 
             } else {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "ManageControllers: Invalid Operation passed=" + TrimSigDigits(Operation) + ", Controller name=" + ControllerName);
+                ShowFatalError(state, format("ManageControllers: Invalid Operation passed={}, Controller name={}", Operation, ControllerName));
             }
         }
 
@@ -1455,7 +1461,7 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using RootFinder::CheckRootFinderCandidate;
         using RootFinder::InitializeRootFinder;
 
@@ -1544,16 +1550,16 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "CalcSimpleController: Root finder failed at " + CreateHVACStepFullString(state));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Controller name=\"" + ControllerName + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Minimum bound must remain invariant during successive iterations.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Minimum root finder point=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinders(ControlNum).MinPoint.X, NumSigDigits));
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Minimum avail actuated=" + TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).MinAvailActuated, NumSigDigits));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Minimum root finder point={:.{}T}", RootFinders(ControlNum).MinPoint.X, NumSigDigits));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Minimum avail actuated={:.{}T}", ControllerProps(ControlNum).MinAvailActuated, NumSigDigits));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding error causes program termination.");
             }
             if (RootFinders(ControlNum).MaxPoint.X != ControllerProps(ControlNum).MaxAvailActuated) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "CalcSimpleController: Root finder failed at " + CreateHVACStepFullString(state));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Controller name=\"" + ControllerName + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Maximum bound must remain invariant during successive iterations.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Maximum root finder point=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinders(ControlNum).MaxPoint.X, NumSigDigits));
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Maximum avail actuated=" + TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).MaxAvailActuated, NumSigDigits));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Maximum root finder point={:.{}T}", RootFinders(ControlNum).MaxPoint.X, NumSigDigits));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Maximum avail actuated={:.{}T}", ControllerProps(ControlNum).MaxAvailActuated, NumSigDigits));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding error causes program termination.");
             }
 
@@ -1588,7 +1594,7 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
         // REFERENCES:
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using RootFinder::CheckRootFinderCandidate;
         using RootFinder::IterateRootFinder;
 
@@ -1697,10 +1703,12 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
             } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == iStatusErrorRange) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "FindRootSimpleController: Root finder failed at " + CreateHVACStepFullString(state));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Controller name=\"" + ControllerName + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Root candidate x=" + TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).ActuatedValue, NumSigDigits) +
-                                  " does not lie within the min/max bounds.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Min bound is x=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinders(ControlNum).MinPoint.X, NumSigDigits));
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Max bound is x=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinders(ControlNum).MaxPoint.X, NumSigDigits));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" Root candidate x={:.{}T} does not lie within the min/max bounds.",
+                                         ControllerProps(ControlNum).ActuatedValue,
+                                         NumSigDigits));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Min bound is x={:.{}T}", RootFinders(ControlNum).MinPoint.X, NumSigDigits));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Max bound is x={:.{}T}", RootFinders(ControlNum).MaxPoint.X, NumSigDigits));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding error causes program termination.");
 
                 // Abnormal case: should never happen
@@ -1708,13 +1716,15 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "FindRootSimpleController: Root finder failed at " + CreateHVACStepFullString(state));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Controller name=" + ControllerProps(ControlNum).ControllerName);
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Controller action=" + ActionTypes(ControllerProps(ControlNum).Action));
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Root candidate x=" + TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).ActuatedValue, NumSigDigits) +
-                                  " does not lie within the lower/upper brackets.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" Root candidate x={:.{}T} does not lie within the lower/upper brackets.",
+                                         ControllerProps(ControlNum).ActuatedValue,
+                                         NumSigDigits));
                 if (RootFinders(ControlNum).LowerPoint.DefinedFlag) {
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Lower bracket is x=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinders(ControlNum).LowerPoint.X, NumSigDigits));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Lower bracket is x={:.{}T}", RootFinders(ControlNum).LowerPoint.X, NumSigDigits));
                 }
                 if (RootFinders(ControlNum).UpperPoint.DefinedFlag) {
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Upper bracket is x=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinders(ControlNum).UpperPoint.X, NumSigDigits));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Upper bracket is x={:.{}T}", RootFinders(ControlNum).UpperPoint.X, NumSigDigits));
                 }
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding error causes program termination.");
 
@@ -1764,36 +1774,36 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "  Actuator will be set to maximum action");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Controller control type=" + ControlVariableTypes(ControllerProps(ControlNum).ControlVar));
                     if (ControllerProps(ControlNum).ControlVar == iTemperature) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Controller temperature setpoint = " + TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).SetPointValue, 2) +
-                                          " [C]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Controller sensed temperature = " + TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).SensedValue, 2) + " [C]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Controller temperature setpoint = {:.2T} [C]", ControllerProps(ControlNum).SetPointValue));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Controller sensed temperature = {:.2T} [C]", ControllerProps(ControlNum).SensedValue));
                     } else if (ControllerProps(ControlNum).ControlVar == iHumidityRatio) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Controller humidity ratio setpoint = " + TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).SetPointValue, 2) +
-                                          " [kgWater/kgDryAir]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Controller sensed humidity ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).SensedValue, 2) +
-                                          " [kgWater/kgDryAir]");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("Controller humidity ratio setpoint = {:.2T} [kgWater/kgDryAir]", ControllerProps(ControlNum).SetPointValue));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("Controller sensed humidity ratio = {:.2T} [kgWater/kgDryAir]", ControllerProps(ControlNum).SensedValue));
                     } else if (ControllerProps(ControlNum).ControlVar == iTemperatureAndHumidityRatio) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Controller temperature setpoint = " + TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).SetPointValue, 2) +
-                                          " [C]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Controller sensed temperature = " + TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).SensedValue, 2) + " [C]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Controller humidity ratio setpoint = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(Node(ControllerProps(ControlNum).SensedNode).HumRatMax, 2) + " [kgWater/kgDryAir]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Controller sensed humidity ratio = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(Node(ControllerProps(ControlNum).SensedNode).HumRat, 2) + " [kgWater/kgDryAir]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Controller temperature setpoint = {:.2T} [C]", ControllerProps(ControlNum).SetPointValue));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Controller sensed temperature = {:.2T} [C]", ControllerProps(ControlNum).SensedValue));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Controller humidity ratio setpoint = {:.2T} [kgWater/kgDryAir]",
+                                                 Node(ControllerProps(ControlNum).SensedNode).HumRatMax));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Controller sensed humidity ratio = {:.2T} [kgWater/kgDryAir]",
+                                                 Node(ControllerProps(ControlNum).SensedNode).HumRat));
                     } else if (ControllerProps(ControlNum).ControlVar == iFlow) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Controller mass flow rate setpoint = " + TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).SetPointValue, 2) +
-                                          " [kg/s]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Controller sensed mass flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).SensedValue, 2) +
-                                          " [kg/s]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Controller mass flow rate setpoint = {:.2T} [kg/s]", ControllerProps(ControlNum).SetPointValue));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Controller sensed mass flow rate = {:.2T} [kg/s]", ControllerProps(ControlNum).SensedValue));
                     } else {
                         // bad control variable input checked in input routine
                     }
                     if (ControllerProps(ControlNum).ActuatorVar == iFlow) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Controller actuator mass flow rate set to " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(ControllerProps(ControlNum).MaxAvailActuated, 2) + " [kg/s]");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("Controller actuator mass flow rate set to {:.2T} [kg/s]", ControllerProps(ControlNum).MaxAvailActuated));
                         if (ControllerProps(ControlNum).ControlVar == iTemperature) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Controller actuator temperature = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Node(ControllerProps(ControlNum).ActuatedNode).Temp, 2) + " [C]");
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("Controller actuator temperature = {:.2T} [C]", Node(ControllerProps(ControlNum).ActuatedNode).Temp));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "  Note: Chilled water coils should be reverse action and the entering chilled");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "        water temperature (controller actuator temperature) should be below the setpoint temperature");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "  Note: Hot water coils should be normal action and the entering hot");
@@ -1818,7 +1828,7 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
                 // Should never happen
                 ShowSevereError(state, "FindRootSimpleController: Root finder failed at " + CreateHVACStepFullString(state));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Controller name=" + ControllerName);
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Unrecognized root finder status flag=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinders(ControlNum).StatusFlag));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Unrecognized root finder status flag={}", RootFinders(ControlNum).StatusFlag));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding error causes program termination.");
             }
         }
@@ -1847,7 +1857,7 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
         // REFERENCES:
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using RootFinder::CheckRootFinderConvergence;
 
         // Locals
@@ -2541,7 +2551,6 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataAirSystems;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -2684,23 +2693,6 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
         // METHODOLOGY EMPLOYED:
         // Needs description, as appropriate.
 
-        // REFERENCES:
-        // na
-
-        // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
-        // Locals
-        // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
-        // na
-
-        // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
-
-        // INTERFACE BLOCK SPECIFICATIONS
-
-        // DERIVED TYPE DEFINITIONS
-        // na
-
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int ControllerNum;
 
@@ -2847,7 +2839,6 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
         using DataEnvironment::CurMnDy;
         using DataHVACGlobals::FirstTimeStepSysFlag;
         using General::LogicalToInteger;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -2904,7 +2895,6 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -3019,7 +3009,7 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataEnvironment::CurEnvirNum;
         using General::LogicalToInteger;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using RootFinder::WriteRootFinderTrace;
 
         // Locals
@@ -3156,8 +3146,10 @@ namespace HVACControllers {
 
             } else {
                 // Should never happen
-                ShowFatalError(state, "TraceIndividualController: Invalid Operation passed=" + TrimSigDigits(Operation) +
-                               ", Controller name=" + ControllerProps(ControlNum).ControllerName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("TraceIndividualController: Invalid Operation passed={}, Controller name={}",
+                                      Operation,
+                                      ControllerProps(ControlNum).ControllerName));
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACCooledBeam.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACCooledBeam.cc
index b4a92aad20c..b68bd2f03a6 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACCooledBeam.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACCooledBeam.cc
@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneEnergyDemands.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneEquipment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GeneralRoutines.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HVACCooledBeam.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
@@ -168,9 +167,6 @@ namespace HVACCooledBeam {
         // Manages the simulation of a cooled beam unit.
         // Called from SimZoneAirLoopEquipment in module ZoneAirLoopEquipmentManager.
 
-        // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int CBNum; // index of cooled beam unit being simulated
 
@@ -190,13 +186,17 @@ namespace HVACCooledBeam {
         } else {
             CBNum = CompIndex;
             if (CBNum > NumCB || CBNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimCoolBeam: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompIndex) +
-                               ", Number of Cool Beam Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumCB) + ", System name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format("SimCoolBeam: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Cool Beam Units={}, System name={}", CompIndex, NumCB, CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(CBNum)) {
                 if (CompName != CoolBeam(CBNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimCoolBeam: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompIndex) + ", Cool Beam Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Cool Beam Unit for that index=" + CoolBeam(CBNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimCoolBeam: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Cool Beam Unit name={}, stored Cool Beam Unit for that index={}",
+                                          CompIndex,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          CoolBeam(CBNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(CBNum) = false;
             }
@@ -931,7 +931,6 @@ namespace HVACCooledBeam {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataZoneEnergyDemands;
-        using General::SolveRoot;
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
 
         // Locals
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACDXHeatPumpSystem.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACDXHeatPumpSystem.cc
index b40180836f8..9a8627d81b7 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACDXHeatPumpSystem.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACDXHeatPumpSystem.cc
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ namespace HVACDXHeatPumpSystem {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DXCoils::SimDXCoil;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using VariableSpeedCoils::SimVariableSpeedCoils;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -197,13 +197,19 @@ namespace HVACDXHeatPumpSystem {
         } else {
             DXSystemNum = CompIndex;
             if (DXSystemNum > NumDXHeatPumpSystems || DXSystemNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimDXHeatPumpSystem:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXSystemNum) +
-                               ", Number of DX Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumDXHeatPumpSystems) + ", DX Unit name=" + DXHeatPumpSystemName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimDXHeatPumpSystem:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of DX Units={}, DX Unit name={}",
+                                      DXSystemNum,
+                                      NumDXHeatPumpSystems,
+                                      DXHeatPumpSystemName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(DXSystemNum)) {
                 if (DXHeatPumpSystemName != DXHeatPumpSystem(DXSystemNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimDXHeatPumpSystem: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXSystemNum) + ", DX Unit name=" +
-                                   DXHeatPumpSystemName + ", stored DX Unit Name for that index=" + DXHeatPumpSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimDXHeatPumpSystem: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, DX Unit name={}, stored DX Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          DXSystemNum,
+                                          DXHeatPumpSystemName,
+                                          DXHeatPumpSystem(DXSystemNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(DXSystemNum) = false;
             }
@@ -589,7 +595,7 @@ namespace HVACDXHeatPumpSystem {
         using DXCoils::DXCoilOutletTemp;
         using DXCoils::SimDXCoil;
         using FaultsManager::FaultsCoilSATSensor;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyHFnTdbW;
@@ -734,8 +740,8 @@ namespace HVACDXHeatPumpSystem {
                                                 ShowWarningError(state, DXHeatPumpSystem(DXSystemNum).DXHeatPumpSystemType +
                                                                  " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit sensible part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                                  DXHeatPumpSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             } else {
@@ -757,7 +763,7 @@ namespace HVACDXHeatPumpSystem {
                                                                  " - DX unit sensible part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits "
                                                                  "exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                                  DXHeatPumpSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             } else {
@@ -940,8 +946,8 @@ namespace HVACDXHeatPumpSystem {
                                                         DXHeatPumpSystem(DXSystemNum).DXHeatPumpSystemType +
                                                         " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit sensible part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                         DXHeatPumpSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                         "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                                 } else {
@@ -963,7 +969,7 @@ namespace HVACDXHeatPumpSystem {
                                                                      " - DX unit sensible part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits "
                                                                      "exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                                      DXHeatPumpSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                         "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                                 } else {
@@ -1007,8 +1013,8 @@ namespace HVACDXHeatPumpSystem {
                                                         DXHeatPumpSystem(DXSystemNum).DXHeatPumpSystemType +
                                                         " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit sensible part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                         DXHeatPumpSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                         "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                                 } else {
@@ -1030,7 +1036,7 @@ namespace HVACDXHeatPumpSystem {
                                                                      " - DX unit sensible part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits "
                                                                      "exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                                      DXHeatPumpSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                         "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                                 } else {
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACDXSystem.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACDXSystem.cc
index 835873a022c..a54ab597a5f 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACDXSystem.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACDXSystem.cc
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHVACGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataIPShortCuts.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/EMSManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Fans.hh> //coil report
@@ -204,7 +203,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
         using DXCoils::SimDXCoil;
         using DXCoils::SimDXCoilMultiMode;
         using DXCoils::SimDXCoilMultiSpeed;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::SimHXAssistedCoolingCoil;
         using PackagedThermalStorageCoil::SimTESCoil;
         using VariableSpeedCoils::SimVariableSpeedCoils;
@@ -241,13 +240,20 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
         } else {
             DXSystemNum = CompIndex;
             if (DXSystemNum > NumDXSystem || DXSystemNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateDXCoolingSystem:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXSystemNum) +
-                               ", Number of DX Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumDXSystem) + ", DX Unit name=" + DXCoolingSystemName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimulateDXCoolingSystem:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of DX Units={}, DX Unit name={}",
+                                      DXSystemNum,
+                                      NumDXSystem,
+                                      DXCoolingSystemName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(DXSystemNum)) {
                 if (DXCoolingSystemName != DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateDXCoolingSystem: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXSystemNum) + ", DX Unit name=" +
-                                   DXCoolingSystemName + ", stored DX Unit Name for that index=" + DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SimulateDXCoolingSystem: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, DX Unit name={}, stored DX Unit Name for that index={}",
+                               DXSystemNum,
+                               DXCoolingSystemName,
+                               DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(DXSystemNum) = false;
             }
@@ -384,7 +390,6 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using PackagedThermalStorageCoil::GetTESCoilIndex;
         using VariableSpeedCoils::GetCoilIndexVariableSpeed;
-        using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using DXCoils::GetDXCoilIndex;
         using DXCoils::SetCoilSystemCoolingData;
         using DXCoils::SetDXCoilTypeData;
@@ -1024,7 +1029,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
         using DXCoils::SimDXCoilMultiMode;
         using DXCoils::SimDXCoilMultiSpeed;
         using FaultsManager::FaultsCoilSATSensor;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::HXAssistedCoilOutletHumRat;
@@ -1198,8 +1203,8 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                     " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit sensible part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -1221,7 +1226,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                                  " - DX unit sensible part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits "
                                                                  "exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                                  DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -1280,8 +1285,8 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                     " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit latent part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio   = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio   = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -1307,7 +1312,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                                  " - DX unit latent part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits "
                                                                  "exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                                  DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -1456,8 +1461,8 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                     " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit sensible part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio   = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio   = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -1478,7 +1483,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                                  " - DX unit sensible part-load ratio calculation unexpectedly failed: part-load "
                                                                  "ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                                  DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -1501,7 +1506,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                              " - DX unit sensible part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits "
                                                              "exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                              DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                 "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                         }
@@ -1584,8 +1589,8 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                             ShowWarningError(state, DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                              " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit latent part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                              DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated latent part-load ratio   = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated latent part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated latent part-load ratio   = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated latent part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                 "The calculated latent part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                         }
@@ -1606,7 +1611,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                 DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                 " - DX unit latent part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                 DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                 "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                         }
@@ -1701,9 +1706,9 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                     " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit latent part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated latent part-load ratio   = " +
-                                                                  RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated latent part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                                  format("Estimated latent part-load ratio   = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated latent part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The calculated latent part-load ratio will be used and the simulation "
                                                                            "continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -1725,7 +1730,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                                  " - DX unit latent part-load ratio calculation failed unexpectedly: part-load ratio "
                                                                  "limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                                  DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -1747,7 +1752,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                 DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                 " - DX unit latent part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                 DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                 "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                         }
@@ -1789,7 +1794,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                             ShowWarningError(state, DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                              " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit sensible speed ratio for unit = " +
                                                              DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated speed ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 3));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated speed ratio = {:.3R}", SpeedRatio));
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                 "The calculated speed ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                         }
@@ -1822,7 +1827,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                         ShowWarningError(state, DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                          " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit sensible cycling ratio for unit = " +
                                                          DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated cycling ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(CycRatio, 3));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated cycling ratio = {:.3R}", CycRatio));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                             "The calculated cycling ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                     }
@@ -1880,7 +1885,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                         DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                         " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit latent speed ratio for unit = " +
                                                         DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated speed ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 3));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated speed ratio = {:.3R}", SpeedRatio));
                                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                         "The calculated speed ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                                 }
@@ -1913,7 +1918,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                 ShowWarningError(state, DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                                  " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit latent cycling ratio for unit = " +
                                                                  DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated cycling ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(CycRatio, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated cycling ratio = {:.3R}", CycRatio));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The calculated cycling ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -1984,8 +1989,8 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                             ShowWarningError(state, DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                              " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit sensible part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                              DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                 "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                         }
@@ -2071,8 +2076,8 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                 } else {
                                                     TempMinPLR = PartLoadFrac + 0.001;
                                                 }
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits(TempMinPLR, 3));
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", TempMinPLR));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -2109,8 +2114,8 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                     " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit multimode latent part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -2172,8 +2177,8 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                 DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                 " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit coolreheat latent part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                 DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                 "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                         }
@@ -2300,9 +2305,9 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                     " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit sensible part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " +
-                                                                  RoundSigDigits((TempSpeedOut / TempSpeedReqst), 3));
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                                  format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (TempSpeedOut / TempSpeedReqst)));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -2323,7 +2328,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                                  " - DX unit sensible part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits "
                                                                  "exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                                  DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -2408,8 +2413,8 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                         DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                         " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit sensible part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                         DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 3));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", SpeedRatio));
                                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                         "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                                 }
@@ -2430,7 +2435,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                                      " - DX unit sensible part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits "
                                                                      "exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                                      DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                         "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                                 }
@@ -2533,8 +2538,8 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                         DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                         " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit latent part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                         DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                         "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                                 }
@@ -2555,7 +2560,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                                      " - DX unit latent part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits "
                                                                      "exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                                      DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                         "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                                 }
@@ -2589,8 +2594,8 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).DXCoolingSystemType +
                                                     " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit latent part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                     DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio   = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio   = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -2611,7 +2616,7 @@ namespace HVACDXSystem {
                                                                  " - DX unit latent part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits "
                                                                  "exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                                  DXCoolingSystem(DXSystemNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACDuct.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACDuct.cc
index bdf4da7dcc8..1a501c64945 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACDuct.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACDuct.cc
@@ -49,14 +49,11 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataContaminantBalance.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataHVACGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataIPShortCuts.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HVACDuct.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.hh>
 
 namespace EnergyPlus {
@@ -90,7 +87,6 @@ namespace HVACDuct {
     // USE STATEMENTS:
     // <use statements for data only modules>
     // Using/Aliasing
-    using namespace DataHVACGlobals;
     using namespace DataLoopNode;
 
     // <use statements for access to subroutines in other modules>
@@ -139,7 +135,6 @@ namespace HVACDuct {
         // Manage the simulation of a duct component
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int DuctNum;                    // index of duct being simulated
@@ -159,13 +154,17 @@ namespace HVACDuct {
         } else {
             DuctNum = CompIndex;
             if (DuctNum > NumDucts || DuctNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimDuct:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DuctNum) + ", Number of Components=" + TrimSigDigits(NumDucts) +
-                               ", Entered Component name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format("SimDuct:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Components={}, Entered Component name={}", DuctNum, NumDucts, CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(DuctNum)) {
                 if (CompName != Duct(DuctNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimDuct: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DuctNum) + ", Component name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Component Name for that index=" + Duct(DuctNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimDuct: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Component name={}, stored Component Name for that index={}",
+                                          DuctNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          Duct(DuctNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(DuctNum) = false;
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACFan.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACFan.cc
index e780e053364..a2f98c2ec32 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACFan.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACFan.cc
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/EnergyPlus.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Fans.hh> // used for fault model routine CalFaultyFanAirFlowReduction
 #include <EnergyPlus/FaultsManager.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HVACFan.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceInternalHeatGains.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
@@ -625,7 +624,8 @@ namespace HVACFan {
             SetupOutputVariable(state, "Fan Runtime Fraction", OutputProcessor::Unit::None, m_fanRunTimeFractionAtSpeed[0], "System", "Average", name);
         } else if (speedControl == SpeedControlMethod::Discrete && m_numSpeeds > 1) {
             for (auto speedLoop = 0; speedLoop < m_numSpeeds; ++speedLoop) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Fan Runtime Fraction Speed " + General::TrimSigDigits(speedLoop + 1) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Fan Runtime Fraction Speed " + fmt::to_string(speedLoop + 1),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     m_fanRunTimeFractionAtSpeed[speedLoop],
                                     "System",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil.cc
index d2407836e55..946edb7d8ad 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil.cc
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHVACGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GlobalNames.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HVACControllers.hh>
@@ -65,7 +64,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/HeatRecovery.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/Psychrometrics.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/VariableSpeedCoils.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/WaterCoils.hh>
@@ -185,9 +183,6 @@ namespace HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil {
         //  This subroutine manages the simulation of the
         //  cooling coil/heat exchanger combination.
 
-        // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
         // (not used for Coil:Water:DetailedFlatCooling)
@@ -217,14 +212,19 @@ namespace HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil {
         } else {
             HXAssistedCoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (HXAssistedCoilNum > TotalNumHXAssistedCoils || HXAssistedCoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimHXAssistedCoolingCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(HXAssistedCoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of HX Assisted Cooling Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(TotalNumHXAssistedCoils) +
-                               ", Coil name=" + HXAssistedCoilName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimHXAssistedCoolingCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of HX Assisted Cooling Coils={}, Coil name={}",
+                                      HXAssistedCoilNum,
+                                      TotalNumHXAssistedCoils,
+                                      HXAssistedCoilName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(HXAssistedCoilNum)) {
                 if (!HXAssistedCoilName.empty() && HXAssistedCoilName != HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimHXAssistedCoolingCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(HXAssistedCoilNum) + ", Coil name=" +
-                                   HXAssistedCoilName + ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimHXAssistedCoolingCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                                          HXAssistedCoilNum,
+                                          HXAssistedCoilName,
+                                          HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(HXAssistedCoilNum) = false;
             }
@@ -880,9 +880,7 @@ namespace HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DXCoils::SimDXCoil;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
         using HeatRecovery::SimHeatRecovery;
-        using Psychrometrics::PsyHFnTdbW;
         using WaterCoils::SimulateWaterCoilComponents;
 
         // Locals
@@ -1002,8 +1000,11 @@ namespace HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil {
         if (Iter > MaxIter) {
             if (HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).MaxIterCounter < 1) {
                 ++HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).MaxIterCounter;
-                ShowWarningError(state, HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).HXAssistedCoilType + " \"" + HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).Name +
-                                 "\" -- Exceeded max iterations (" + TrimSigDigits(MaxIter) + ") while calculating operating conditions.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{} \"{}\" -- Exceeded max iterations ({}) while calculating operating conditions.",
+                                        HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).HXAssistedCoilType,
+                                        HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).Name,
+                                        MaxIter));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             } else {
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).HXAssistedCoilType + " \"" + HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).Name +
@@ -1072,9 +1073,6 @@ namespace HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil {
         // This routine provides a method for outside routines to check if
         // the hx assisted cooling coil is scheduled to be on.
 
-        // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int HXAssistedCoilNum;
 
@@ -1101,12 +1099,19 @@ namespace HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil {
         } else {
             HXAssistedCoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (HXAssistedCoilNum > TotalNumHXAssistedCoils || HXAssistedCoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "CheckHXAssistedCoolingCoilSchedule: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(HXAssistedCoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of Heating Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(TotalNumHXAssistedCoils) + ", Coil name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("CheckHXAssistedCoolingCoilSchedule: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Heating Coils={}, Coil name={}",
+                                      HXAssistedCoilNum,
+                                      TotalNumHXAssistedCoils,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CompName != HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).Name) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "CheckHXAssistedCoolingCoilSchedule: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(HXAssistedCoilNum) +
-                               ", Coil name=" + CompName + ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).Name);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format("CheckHXAssistedCoolingCoilSchedule: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                           HXAssistedCoilNum,
+                           CompName,
+                           HXAssistedCoil(HXAssistedCoilNum).Name));
             }
 
             Value = 1.0; // not scheduled?
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACManager.cc
index 62ef17d94fd..73933aa1786 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACManager.cc
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@ namespace HVACManager {
         using DataPlant::TotNumLoops;
         using EMSManager::ManageEMS;
         using General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using NonZoneEquipmentManager::ManageNonZoneEquipment;
         using PlantCondLoopOperation::SetupPlantEMSActuators;
         using PlantManager::GetPlantInput;
@@ -974,8 +974,12 @@ namespace HVACManager {
             ++ErrCount;
             if (ErrCount < 15) {
                 ErrEnvironmentName = EnvironmentName;
-                ShowWarningError(state, "SimHVAC: Maximum iterations (" + fmt::to_string(MaxIter) + ") exceeded for all HVAC loops, at " + EnvironmentName + ", " +
-                                 CurMnDy + ' ' + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state));
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("SimHVAC: Maximum iterations ({}) exceeded for all HVAC loops, at {}, {} {}",
+                                        MaxIter,
+                                        EnvironmentName,
+                                        CurMnDy,
+                                        CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state)));
                 if (SimAirLoopsFlag) {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "The solution for one or more of the Air Loop HVAC systems did not appear to converge");
                 }
@@ -1005,14 +1009,13 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Check values should be zero. Most Recent values listed first.");
                             HistoryTrace = "";
                             for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                HistoryTrace += RoundSigDigits(AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACFlowDemandToSupplyTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACFlowDemandToSupplyTolValue(StackDepth));
                             }
 
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Demand-to-Supply interface mass flow rate check value iteration history trace: " + HistoryTrace);
                             HistoryTrace = "";
                             for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                HistoryTrace +=
-                                    RoundSigDigits(AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACFlowSupplyDeck1ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACFlowSupplyDeck1ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth));
                             }
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Supply-to-demand interface deck 1 mass flow rate check value iteration history trace: " +
                                               HistoryTrace);
@@ -1020,8 +1023,7 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                             if (state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(AirSysNum).NumSupplyNodes >= 2) {
                                 HistoryTrace = "";
                                 for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                    HistoryTrace +=
-                                        RoundSigDigits(AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACFlowSupplyDeck2ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                    HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACFlowSupplyDeck2ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth));
                                 }
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Supply-to-demand interface deck 2 mass flow rate check value iteration history trace: " +
                                                   HistoryTrace);
@@ -1035,12 +1037,12 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Check values should be zero. Most Recent values listed first.");
                             HistoryTrace = "";
                             for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                HistoryTrace += RoundSigDigits(AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACHumDemandToSupplyTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACHumDemandToSupplyTolValue(StackDepth));
                             }
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Demand-to-Supply interface humidity ratio check value iteration history trace: " + HistoryTrace);
                             HistoryTrace = "";
                             for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                HistoryTrace += RoundSigDigits(AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACHumSupplyDeck1ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACHumSupplyDeck1ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth));
                             }
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Supply-to-demand interface deck 1 humidity ratio check value iteration history trace: " +
                                               HistoryTrace);
@@ -1048,8 +1050,7 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                             if (state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(AirSysNum).NumSupplyNodes >= 2) {
                                 HistoryTrace = "";
                                 for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                    HistoryTrace +=
-                                        RoundSigDigits(AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACHumSupplyDeck2ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                    HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACHumSupplyDeck2ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth));
                                 }
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Supply-to-demand interface deck 2 humidity ratio check value iteration history trace: " +
                                                   HistoryTrace);
@@ -1062,21 +1063,19 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Check values should be zero. Most Recent values listed first.");
                             HistoryTrace = "";
                             for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                HistoryTrace += RoundSigDigits(AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACTempDemandToSupplyTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACTempDemandToSupplyTolValue(StackDepth));
                             }
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Demand-to-Supply interface temperature check value iteration history trace: " + HistoryTrace);
                             HistoryTrace = "";
                             for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                HistoryTrace +=
-                                    RoundSigDigits(AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACTempSupplyDeck1ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACTempSupplyDeck1ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth));
                             }
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Supply-to-demand interface deck 1 temperature check value iteration history trace: " + HistoryTrace);
 
                             if (state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(AirSysNum).NumSupplyNodes >= 2) {
                                 HistoryTrace = "";
                                 for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                    HistoryTrace +=
-                                        RoundSigDigits(AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACTempSupplyDeck1ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                    HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACTempSupplyDeck1ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth));
                                 }
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Supply-to-demand interface deck 2 temperature check value iteration history trace: " +
                                                   HistoryTrace);
@@ -1088,13 +1087,12 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Check values should be zero. Most Recent values listed first.");
                             HistoryTrace = "";
                             for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                HistoryTrace += RoundSigDigits(AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACEnergyDemandToSupplyTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACEnergyDemandToSupplyTolValue(StackDepth));
                             }
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Demand-to-Supply interface energy check value iteration history trace: " + HistoryTrace);
                             HistoryTrace = "";
                             for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                HistoryTrace +=
-                                    RoundSigDigits(AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACEnergySupplyDeck1ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACEnergySupplyDeck1ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth));
                             }
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Supply-to-demand interface deck 1 energy check value iteration history trace: " + HistoryTrace);
 
@@ -1102,7 +1100,7 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                 HistoryTrace = "";
                                 for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
                                     HistoryTrace +=
-                                        RoundSigDigits(AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACEnergySupplyDeck2ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                        format("{:.6R},", AirLoopConvergence(AirSysNum).HVACEnergySupplyDeck2ToDemandTolValue(StackDepth));
                                 }
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Supply-to-demand interface deck 2 energy check value iteration history trace: " + HistoryTrace);
                             }
@@ -1129,9 +1127,11 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                                  ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).HumidityRatio(StackDepth)) <
                                         HVACHumRatOscillationToler) {
                                         FoundOscillationByDuplicate = true;
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Node named " + NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum) +
-                                                          " shows oscillating humidity ratio across iterations with a repeated value of " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).HumidityRatio(1), 6));
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state,
+                                            format("Node named {} shows oscillating humidity ratio across iterations with a repeated value of {:.6R}",
+                                                   NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum),
+                                                   ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).HumidityRatio(1)));
                                         break;
                                     }
                                 }
@@ -1153,9 +1153,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicDecreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum) +
-                                                    " shows monotonically decreasing humidity ratio with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeHumRat, 6) + " [ kg-water/kg-dryair/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically decreasing humidity ratio with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.6R} [ kg-water/kg-dryair/iteration]",
+                                                                         NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum),
+                                                                         SlopeHumRat));
                                             }
                                         } else { // check for monotic incrase
                                             MonotonicIncreaseFound = true;
@@ -1168,9 +1169,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicIncreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum) +
-                                                    " shows monotonically increasing humidity ratio with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeHumRat, 6) + " [ kg-water/kg-dryair/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically increasing humidity ratio with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.6R} [ kg-water/kg-dryair/iteration]",
+                                                                         NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum),
+                                                                         SlopeHumRat));
                                             }
                                         }
                                     } // significant slope in iterates
@@ -1180,8 +1182,7 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                             if (MonotonicDecreaseFound || MonotonicIncreaseFound || FoundOscillationByDuplicate) {
                                 HistoryTrace = "";
                                 for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                    HistoryTrace +=
-                                        RoundSigDigits(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).HumidityRatio(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                    HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).HumidityRatio(StackDepth));
                                 }
                                 ShowContinueError(state,
                                     "Node named " + NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum) +
@@ -1203,9 +1204,11 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                                  ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).MassFlowRate(StackDepth)) <
                                         HVACFlowRateOscillationToler) {
                                         FoundOscillationByDuplicate = true;
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Node named " + NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum) +
-                                                          " shows oscillating mass flow rate across iterations with a repeated value of " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).MassFlowRate(1), 6));
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state,
+                                            format("Node named {} shows oscillating mass flow rate across iterations with a repeated value of {:.6R}",
+                                                   NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum),
+                                                   ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).MassFlowRate(1)));
                                         break;
                                     }
                                 }
@@ -1226,9 +1229,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicDecreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum) +
-                                                    " shows monotonically decreasing mass flow rate with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeMdot, 6) + " [kg/s/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically decreasing mass flow rate with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.6R} [kg/s/iteration]",
+                                                                         NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum),
+                                                                         SlopeMdot));
                                             }
                                         } else { // check for monotic incrase
                                             MonotonicIncreaseFound = true;
@@ -1241,9 +1245,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicIncreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum) +
-                                                    " shows monotonically increasing mass flow rate with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeMdot, 6) + " [kg/s/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically increasing mass flow rate with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.6R} [kg/s/iteration]",
+                                                                         NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum),
+                                                                         SlopeMdot));
                                             }
                                         }
                                     } // significant slope in iterates
@@ -1253,8 +1258,7 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                             if (MonotonicDecreaseFound || MonotonicIncreaseFound || FoundOscillationByDuplicate) {
                                 HistoryTrace = "";
                                 for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                    HistoryTrace +=
-                                        RoundSigDigits(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).MassFlowRate(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                    HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).MassFlowRate(StackDepth));
                                 }
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Node named " + NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum) +
                                                   " mass flow rate [kg/s] iteration history trace (most recent first): " + HistoryTrace);
@@ -1275,9 +1279,11 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                                  ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).Temperature(StackDepth)) <
                                         HVACTemperatureOscillationToler) {
                                         FoundOscillationByDuplicate = true;
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Node named " + NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum) +
-                                                          " shows oscillating temperatures across iterations with a repeated value of " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).Temperature(1), 6));
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state,
+                                            format("Node named {} shows oscillating temperatures across iterations with a repeated value of {:.6R}",
+                                                   NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum),
+                                                   ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).Temperature(1)));
                                         break;
                                     }
                                 }
@@ -1298,9 +1304,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicDecreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum) +
-                                                    " shows monotonically decreasing temperature with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeTemps, 4) + " [C/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically decreasing temperature with a trend rate "
+                                                                         "across iterations of {:.4R} [C/iteration]",
+                                                                         NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum),
+                                                                         SlopeTemps));
                                             }
                                         } else { // check for monotic incrase
                                             MonotonicIncreaseFound = true;
@@ -1313,9 +1320,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicIncreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum) +
-                                                    " shows monotonically increasing temperatures with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeTemps, 4) + " [C/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically increasing temperatures with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.4R} [C/iteration]",
+                                                                         NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum),
+                                                                         SlopeTemps));
                                             }
                                         }
                                     } // significant slope in iterates
@@ -1325,8 +1333,7 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                             if (MonotonicDecreaseFound || MonotonicIncreaseFound || FoundOscillationByDuplicate) {
                                 HistoryTrace = "";
                                 for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                    HistoryTrace +=
-                                        RoundSigDigits(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).Temperature(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                    HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).Temperature(StackDepth));
                                 }
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Node named " + NodeID(ZoneInletConvergence(ZoneNum).InletNode(NodeIndex).NodeNum) +
                                                   " temperature [C] iteration history trace (most recent first): " + HistoryTrace);
@@ -1343,12 +1350,12 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Check values should be zero. Most Recent values listed first.");
                             HistoryTrace = "";
                             for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                HistoryTrace += RoundSigDigits(PlantConvergence(LoopNum).PlantFlowDemandToSupplyTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", PlantConvergence(LoopNum).PlantFlowDemandToSupplyTolValue(StackDepth));
                             }
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Demand-to-Supply interface mass flow rate check value iteration history trace: " + HistoryTrace);
                             HistoryTrace = "";
                             for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                HistoryTrace += RoundSigDigits(PlantConvergence(LoopNum).PlantFlowSupplyToDemandTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", PlantConvergence(LoopNum).PlantFlowSupplyToDemandTolValue(StackDepth));
                             }
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Supply-to-Demand interface mass flow rate check value iteration history trace: " + HistoryTrace);
 
@@ -1368,10 +1375,11 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                                      PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).InletNode.MassFlowRateHistory(StackDepth)) <
                                             PlantFlowRateOscillationToler) {
                                             FoundOscillationByDuplicate = true;
-                                            ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn +
-                                                " shows oscillating flow rates across iterations with a repeated value of " +
-                                                RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).InletNode.MassFlowRateHistory(1), 7));
+                                            ShowContinueError(
+                                                state,
+                                                format("Node named {} shows oscillating flow rates across iterations with a repeated value of {:.7R}",
+                                                       PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn,
+                                                       PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).InletNode.MassFlowRateHistory(1)));
                                             break;
                                         }
                                     }
@@ -1394,9 +1402,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicDecreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn +
-                                                    " shows monotonically decreasing mass flow rate with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeMdot, 7) + " [kg/s/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically decreasing mass flow rate with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.7R} [kg/s/iteration]",
+                                                                         PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn,
+                                                                         SlopeMdot));
                                             }
                                         } else { // check for monotonic incrase
                                             MonotonicIncreaseFound = true;
@@ -1409,9 +1418,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicIncreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn +
-                                                    " shows monotonically increasing mass flow rate with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeMdot, 7) + " [kg/s/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically increasing mass flow rate with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.7R} [kg/s/iteration]",
+                                                                         PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn,
+                                                                         SlopeMdot));
                                             }
                                         }
                                     } // significant slope found
@@ -1421,8 +1431,7 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                     HistoryTrace = "";
                                     for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= NumConvergenceHistoryTerms; ++StackDepth) {
                                         HistoryTrace +=
-                                            RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).InletNode.MassFlowRateHistory(StackDepth), 7) +
-                                            ',';
+                                            format("{:.7R},", PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).InletNode.MassFlowRateHistory(StackDepth));
                                     }
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn +
                                                       " mass flow rate [kg/s] iteration history trace (most recent first): " + HistoryTrace);
@@ -1443,10 +1452,11 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                                      PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).OutletNode.MassFlowRateHistory(StackDepth)) <
                                             PlantFlowRateOscillationToler) {
                                             FoundOscillationByDuplicate = true;
-                                            ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut +
-                                                " shows oscillating flow rates across iterations with a repeated value of " +
-                                                RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).OutletNode.MassFlowRateHistory(1), 7));
+                                            ShowContinueError(
+                                                state,
+                                                format("Node named {} shows oscillating flow rates across iterations with a repeated value of {:.7R}",
+                                                       PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut,
+                                                       PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).OutletNode.MassFlowRateHistory(1)));
                                             break;
                                         }
                                     }
@@ -1470,9 +1480,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicDecreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut +
-                                                    " shows monotonically decreasing mass flow rate with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeMdot, 7) + " [kg/s/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically decreasing mass flow rate with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.7R} [kg/s/iteration]",
+                                                                         PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut,
+                                                                         SlopeMdot));
                                             }
                                         } else { // check for monotonic incrase
                                             MonotonicIncreaseFound = true;
@@ -1485,9 +1496,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicIncreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut +
-                                                    " shows monotonically increasing mass flow rate with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeMdot, 7) + " [kg/s/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically increasing mass flow rate with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.7R} [kg/s/iteration]",
+                                                                         PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut,
+                                                                         SlopeMdot));
                                             }
                                         }
                                     } // significant slope found
@@ -1497,8 +1509,7 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                     HistoryTrace = "";
                                     for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= NumConvergenceHistoryTerms; ++StackDepth) {
                                         HistoryTrace +=
-                                            RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).OutletNode.MassFlowRateHistory(StackDepth), 7) +
-                                            ',';
+                                            format("{:.7R},", PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).OutletNode.MassFlowRateHistory(StackDepth));
                                     }
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut +
                                                       " mass flow rate [kg/s] iteration history trace (most recent first): " + HistoryTrace);
@@ -1514,12 +1525,12 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Check values should be zero. Most Recent values listed first.");
                             HistoryTrace = "";
                             for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                HistoryTrace += RoundSigDigits(PlantConvergence(LoopNum).PlantTempDemandToSupplyTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", PlantConvergence(LoopNum).PlantTempDemandToSupplyTolValue(StackDepth));
                             }
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Demand-to-Supply interface temperature check value iteration history trace: " + HistoryTrace);
                             HistoryTrace = "";
                             for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= ConvergLogStackDepth; ++StackDepth) {
-                                HistoryTrace += RoundSigDigits(PlantConvergence(LoopNum).PlantTempSupplyToDemandTolValue(StackDepth), 6) + ',';
+                                HistoryTrace += format("{:.6R},", PlantConvergence(LoopNum).PlantTempSupplyToDemandTolValue(StackDepth));
                             }
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Supply-to-Demand interface temperature check value iteration history trace: " + HistoryTrace);
 
@@ -1539,10 +1550,12 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                                      PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).InletNode.TemperatureHistory(StackDepth)) <
                                             PlantTemperatureOscillationToler) {
                                             FoundOscillationByDuplicate = true;
-                                            ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn +
-                                                " shows oscillating temperatures across iterations with a repeated value of " +
-                                                RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).InletNode.TemperatureHistory(1), 5));
+                                            ShowContinueError(
+                                                state,
+                                                format(
+                                                    "Node named {} shows oscillating temperatures across iterations with a repeated value of {:.5R}",
+                                                    PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn,
+                                                    PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).InletNode.TemperatureHistory(1)));
                                             break;
                                         }
                                     }
@@ -1565,9 +1578,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicDecreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn +
-                                                    " shows monotonically decreasing temperatures with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeTemps, 5) + " [C/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically decreasing temperatures with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.5R} [C/iteration]",
+                                                                         PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn,
+                                                                         SlopeTemps));
                                             }
                                         } else { // check for monotic incrase
                                             MonotonicIncreaseFound = true;
@@ -1580,9 +1594,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicIncreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn +
-                                                    " shows monotonically increasing temperatures with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeTemps, 5) + " [C/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically increasing temperatures with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.5R} [C/iteration]",
+                                                                         PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn,
+                                                                         SlopeTemps));
                                             }
                                         }
                                     } // significant slope found
@@ -1592,8 +1607,7 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                     HistoryTrace = "";
                                     for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= NumConvergenceHistoryTerms; ++StackDepth) {
                                         HistoryTrace +=
-                                            RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).InletNode.TemperatureHistory(StackDepth), 5) +
-                                            ',';
+                                            format("{:.5R},", PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).InletNode.TemperatureHistory(StackDepth));
                                     }
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameIn +
                                                       " temperature [C] iteration history trace (most recent first): " + HistoryTrace);
@@ -1614,10 +1628,12 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                                      PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).OutletNode.TemperatureHistory(StackDepth)) <
                                             PlantTemperatureOscillationToler) {
                                             FoundOscillationByDuplicate = true;
-                                            ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut +
-                                                " shows oscillating temperatures across iterations with a repeated value of " +
-                                                RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).OutletNode.TemperatureHistory(1), 5));
+                                            ShowContinueError(
+                                                state,
+                                                format(
+                                                    "Node named {} shows oscillating temperatures across iterations with a repeated value of {:.5R}",
+                                                    PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut,
+                                                    PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).OutletNode.TemperatureHistory(1)));
                                             break;
                                         }
                                     }
@@ -1640,9 +1656,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicDecreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut +
-                                                    " shows monotonically decreasing temperatures with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeTemps, 5) + " [C/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically decreasing temperatures with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.5R} [C/iteration]",
+                                                                         PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut,
+                                                                         SlopeTemps));
                                             }
                                         } else { // check for monotic incrase
                                             MonotonicIncreaseFound = true;
@@ -1655,9 +1672,10 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                             }
                                             if (MonotonicIncreaseFound) {
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut +
-                                                    " shows monotonically increasing temperatures with a trend rate across iterations of " +
-                                                    RoundSigDigits(SlopeTemps, 5) + " [C/iteration]");
+                                                                  format("Node named {} shows monotonically increasing temperatures with a trend "
+                                                                         "rate across iterations of {:.5R} [C/iteration]",
+                                                                         PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut,
+                                                                         SlopeTemps));
                                             }
                                         }
                                     } // significant slope found
@@ -1667,8 +1685,7 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                                     HistoryTrace = "";
                                     for (StackDepth = 1; StackDepth <= NumConvergenceHistoryTerms; ++StackDepth) {
                                         HistoryTrace +=
-                                            RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).OutletNode.TemperatureHistory(StackDepth), 5) +
-                                            ',';
+                                            format("{:.5R},", PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).OutletNode.TemperatureHistory(StackDepth));
                                     }
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Node named " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(ThisLoopSide).NodeNameOut +
                                                       " temperature [C] iteration history trace (most recent first): " + HistoryTrace);
@@ -3092,11 +3109,12 @@ namespace HVACManager {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "CheckAirLoopFlowBalance: AirLoopHVAC " + state.dataAirSystemsData->PrimaryAirSystems(AirLoopNum).Name +
                                         " is unbalanced. Supply is > return plus outdoor air.");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "  Flows [m3/s at standard density]: Supply=" +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(thisAirLoopFlow.SupFlow / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir, 6) +
-                                          "  Return=" + General::RoundSigDigits(thisAirLoopFlow.SysRetFlow / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir, 6) +
-                                          "  Outdoor Air=" + General::RoundSigDigits(thisAirLoopFlow.OAFlow / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir, 6));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "  Imbalance=" + General::RoundSigDigits(unbalancedExhaustDelta / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir, 6));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("  Flows [m3/s at standard density]: Supply={:.6R}  Return={:.6R}  Outdoor Air={:.6R}",
+                                                 thisAirLoopFlow.SupFlow / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir,
+                                                 thisAirLoopFlow.SysRetFlow / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir,
+                                                 thisAirLoopFlow.OAFlow / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("  Imbalance={:.6R}", unbalancedExhaustDelta / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  This error will only be reported once per system.");
                         thisAirLoopFlow.FlowError = true;
                     }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump.cc
index 45399ef03b0..194a4b07491 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump.cc
@@ -257,7 +257,6 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
         // Manages the simulation of multispeed heat pump.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int MSHeatPumpNum;        // index of fan coil unit being simulated
@@ -281,13 +280,19 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
         } else {
             MSHeatPumpNum = CompIndex;
             if (MSHeatPumpNum > NumMSHeatPumps || MSHeatPumpNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimMSHeatPump: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(MSHeatPumpNum) +
-                               ", Number of MultiSpeed Heat Pumps=" + TrimSigDigits(NumMSHeatPumps) + ", Heat Pump name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimMSHeatPump: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of MultiSpeed Heat Pumps={}, Heat Pump name={}",
+                                      MSHeatPumpNum,
+                                      NumMSHeatPumps,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(MSHeatPumpNum)) {
                 if (CompName != MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimMSHeatPump: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(MSHeatPumpNum) + ", Heat Pump name=" + CompName +
-                                   MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimMSHeatPump: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Heat Pump name={}{}",
+                                          MSHeatPumpNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(MSHeatPumpNum) = false;
             }
@@ -567,7 +572,7 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
         using Fans::GetFanType;
         using Fans::GetFanVolFlow;
         using FluidProperties::FindGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using BranchNodeConnections::SetUpCompSets;
         using DXCoils::GetDXCoilIndex;
@@ -1341,7 +1346,7 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
             MSHeatPump(MSHPNum).SuppMaxOATemp = Numbers(3);
             if (MSHeatPump(MSHPNum).SuppMaxOATemp > 21.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + MSHeatPump(MSHPNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFields(3) + " is greater than 21.0");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(3), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.2R}", Numbers(3)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1422,14 +1427,14 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
             if (MSHeatPump(MSHPNum).NumOfSpeedHeating < 2 || MSHeatPump(MSHPNum).NumOfSpeedHeating > 4) {
                 if (MSHeatPump(MSHPNum).HeatCoilType == MultiSpeedHeatingCoil) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + ", The maximum " + cNumericFields(9) + " is 4, and the minimum number is 2");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(9), 0));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.0R}", Numbers(9)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
             MSHeatPump(MSHPNum).NumOfSpeedCooling = Numbers(10);
             if (MSHeatPump(MSHPNum).NumOfSpeedCooling < 2 || MSHeatPump(MSHPNum).NumOfSpeedCooling > 4) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + ", The maximum " + cNumericFields(10) + " is 4, and the minimum number is 2");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(Numbers(10), 0));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.0R}", Numbers(10)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1803,8 +1808,7 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
         using Fans::GetFanVolFlow;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSatDensityRefrig;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::InitComponentNodes;
         using PlantUtilities::ScanPlantLoopsForObject;
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
@@ -2264,10 +2268,13 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
             if (MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                 //     Check fan versus system supply air flow rates
                 if (MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanVolFlow < MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedCooling)) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                     " in fan object " + MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanName +
-                                     " is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when cooling is required (" +
-                                     TrimSigDigits(MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedCooling), 7) + ").");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when cooling is "
+                                            "required ({:.7T}).",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                            MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanName,
+                                            MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedCooling)));
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         " The MSHP system flow rate when cooling is required is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name);
@@ -2275,28 +2282,33 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
                     // Check flow rates in other speeds and ensure flow rates are not above the max flow rate
                     for (i = NumOfSpeedCooling - 1; i >= 1; --i) {
                         if (MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i) > MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i + 1)) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " The MSHP system flow rate when cooling is required is reset to the flow rate at higher speed and the "
-                                              "simulation continues at Speed" +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(i) + '.');
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format(" The MSHP system flow rate when cooling is required is reset to the flow rate at higher speed "
+                                                     "and the simulation continues at Speed{}.",
+                                                     i));
                             ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name);
                             MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i) = MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i + 1);
                         }
                     }
                 }
                 if (MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanVolFlow < MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedHeating)) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                     " in fan object " + MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanName +
-                                     " is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when heating is required (" +
-                                     TrimSigDigits(MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedHeating), 7) + ").");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when heating is "
+                                            "required ({:.7T}).",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                            MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanName,
+                                            MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedHeating)));
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         " The MSHP system flow rate when heating is required is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name);
                     MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedHeating) = MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanVolFlow;
                     for (i = NumOfSpeedHeating - 1; i >= 1; --i) {
                         if (MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i) > MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i + 1)) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " The MSHP system flow rate when heating is required is reset to the flow rate at higher speed and the "
-                                              "simulation continues at Speed" +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(i) + '.');
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format(" The MSHP system flow rate when heating is required is reset to the flow rate at higher speed "
+                                                     "and the simulation continues at Speed{}.",
+                                                     i));
                             ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " system = " + MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name);
                             MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i) = MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i + 1);
                         }
@@ -2304,10 +2316,13 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
                 }
                 if (MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanVolFlow < MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).IdleVolumeAirRate &&
                     MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).IdleVolumeAirRate != 0.0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                     " in fan object " + MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanName +
-                                     " is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when no heating or cooling is needed (" +
-                                     TrimSigDigits(MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).IdleVolumeAirRate, 7) + ").");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when no heating "
+                                            "or cooling is needed ({:.7T}).",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                            MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).FanName,
+                                            MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).IdleVolumeAirRate));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The MSHP system flow rate when no heating or cooling is needed is reset to the fan flow rate and the "
                                       "simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name);
@@ -2503,7 +2518,8 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
                         ShowWarningError(state, MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name +
                                          " is ready to perform cooling, but its DX cooling coil = " + MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).DXCoolCoilName +
                                          " is not available at Available Schedule = " + GetScheduleName(state, CoilAvailSchPtr) + '.');
-                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Availability schedule returned=" + RoundSigDigits(GetCurrentScheduleValue(state, CoilAvailSchPtr), 1));
+                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
+                                                   format("Availability schedule returned={:.1R}", GetCurrentScheduleValue(state, CoilAvailSchPtr)));
                     } else {
                         ++MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).CoolCountAvail;
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name + ": Cooling coil is still not available ...",
@@ -2528,7 +2544,8 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
                         ShowWarningError(state, MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name +
                                          " is ready to perform heating, but its DX heating coil = " + MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).DXCoolCoilName +
                                          " is not available at Available Schedule = " + GetScheduleName(state, CoilAvailSchPtr) + '.');
-                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Availability schedule returned=" + RoundSigDigits(GetCurrentScheduleValue(state, CoilAvailSchPtr), 1));
+                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
+                                                   format("Availability schedule returned={:.1R}", GetCurrentScheduleValue(state, CoilAvailSchPtr)));
                     } else {
                         ++MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HeatCountAvail;
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name + ": Heating coil is still not available ...",
@@ -2697,7 +2714,7 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataSizing;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::RegisterPlantCompDesignFlow;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -2753,9 +2770,10 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
                             MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i) = MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i + 1);
                         }
                     }
-                    BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state, CurrentModuleObject,
+                    BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state,
+                                                 CurrentModuleObject,
                                                  MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name,
-                                                 "Speed " + TrimSigDigits(i) + " Supply Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation [m3/s]",
+                                                 format("Speed {} Supply Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation [m3/s]", i),
                                                  MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i));
                 }
             }
@@ -2789,9 +2807,10 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
                             MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i) = MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i + 1);
                         }
                     }
-                    BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state, CurrentModuleObject,
+                    BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state,
+                                                 CurrentModuleObject,
                                                  MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name,
-                                                 "Speed" + TrimSigDigits(i) + "Supply Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation [m3/s]",
+                                                 format("Speed{}Supply Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation [m3/s]", i),
                                                  MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i));
                 }
             }
@@ -2888,13 +2907,8 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
         // METHODOLOGY EMPLOYED:
         // Use RegulaFalsi technique to iterate on part-load ratio until convergence is achieved.
 
-        // REFERENCES:
-        // na
-
-        // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
         using General::SolveRoot;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyCpAirFnW;
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
@@ -3187,7 +3201,7 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
                                 ++ErrCountCyc; // TODO: Why is the error count shared among all heat pump units?
                                 ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit cycling ratio, for unit=" +
                                                  MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Cycling ratio returned=" + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 2));
+                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Cycling ratio returned={:.2R}", PartLoadFrac));
                             } else {
                                 ++ErrCountCyc;
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -3251,8 +3265,7 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
                                 ++ErrCountVar;
                                 ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit speed ratio, for unit=" +
                                                  MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Speed ratio returned=[" + RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 2) +
-                                                           "], Speed number =" + RoundSigDigits(SpeedNum));
+                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Speed ratio returned=[{:.2R}], Speed number ={}", SpeedRatio, SpeedNum));
                             } else {
                                 ++ErrCountVar;
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -3297,7 +3310,7 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
                                         ++ErrCountCyc;
                                         ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit cycling ratio, for unit=" +
                                                          MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name);
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Cycling ratio returned=" + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 2));
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Cycling ratio returned={:.2R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                     } else {
                                         ++ErrCountCyc;
                                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -3354,8 +3367,8 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
                                             ++ErrCountVar;
                                             ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit speed ratio, for unit=" +
                                                              MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name);
-                                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Speed ratio returned=[" + RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 2) +
-                                                                       "], Speed number =" + RoundSigDigits(SpeedNum));
+                                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                                state, format("Speed ratio returned=[{:.2R}], Speed number ={}", SpeedRatio, SpeedNum));
                                         } else {
                                             ++ErrCountVar;
                                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -4349,7 +4362,7 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallLoad;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
@@ -4461,21 +4474,23 @@ namespace HVACMultiSpeedHeatPump {
                                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed for " + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" +
                                                        MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name + "\"");
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) +
-                                                      "] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("  Iteration limit [{}] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate", SolveMaxIter));
                                 }
-                                ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [" +
-                                                                   RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) + "]) for " + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" +
-                                                                   MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name,
-                                                               MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex);
+                                ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
+                                    format("CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [{}]) for {}=\"{}",
+                                           SolveMaxIter,
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name),
+                                    MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex);
                             } else if (SolFlag == -2) {
                                 if (MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex2 == 0) {
                                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (maximum flow limits) for " +
                                                        CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name + "\"");
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Bad hot water maximum flow rate limits");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Given minimum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MinWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Given maximum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MaxHotWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given minimum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MinWaterFlow));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given maximum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MaxHotWaterFlow));
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (flow limits) for " +
                                                                    CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MSHeatPump(MSHeatPumpNum).Name + "\"",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACSingleDuctInduc.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACSingleDuctInduc.cc
index 6535deb0ca2..ff9d235b53e 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACSingleDuctInduc.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACSingleDuctInduc.cc
@@ -56,11 +56,9 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/Autosizing/Base.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataAirLoop.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataDefineEquip.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHVACGlobals.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataIPShortCuts.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSizing.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneEnergyDemands.hh>
@@ -69,7 +67,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GeneralRoutines.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HVACSingleDuctInduc.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/HeatingCoils.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/MixerComponent.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.hh>
@@ -185,7 +182,6 @@ namespace HVACSingleDuctInduc {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataSizing::TermUnitIU;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int IUNum; // index of terminal unit being simulated
@@ -206,13 +202,18 @@ namespace HVACSingleDuctInduc {
         } else {
             IUNum = CompIndex;
             if (IUNum > NumIndUnits || IUNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimIndUnit: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompIndex) +
-                               ", Number of Induction Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumIndUnits) + ", System name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format(
+                        "SimIndUnit: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Induction Units={}, System name={}", CompIndex, NumIndUnits, CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(IUNum)) {
                 if (CompName != IndUnit(IUNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimIndUnit: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompIndex) + ", Induction Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Induction Unit for that index=" + IndUnit(IUNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimIndUnit: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Induction Unit name={}, stored Induction Unit for that index={}",
+                                          CompIndex,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          IndUnit(IUNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(IUNum) = false;
             }
@@ -275,7 +276,6 @@ namespace HVACSingleDuctInduc {
         using DataDefineEquip::AirDistUnit;
         using DataDefineEquip::NumAirDistUnits;
         using WaterCoils::GetCoilWaterInletNode;
-        using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_CoilWaterCooling;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_CoilWaterDetailedFlatCooling;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_CoilWaterSimpleHeating;
@@ -764,7 +764,7 @@ namespace HVACSingleDuctInduc {
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::MyPlantSizingIndex;
         using WaterCoils::GetCoilWaterInletNode;
         using WaterCoils::GetCoilWaterOutletNode;
@@ -847,10 +847,9 @@ namespace HVACSingleDuctInduc {
                             if ((std::abs(MaxTotAirVolFlowDes - MaxTotAirVolFlowUser) / MaxTotAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuctInduction: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType +
                                             " = \"" + IndUnit(IUNum).Name + "\".");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Total Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxTotAirVolFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Total Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MaxTotAirVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Total Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxTotAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Total Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxTotAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -947,10 +946,11 @@ namespace HVACSingleDuctInduc {
                                 if ((std::abs(MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes - MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser) / MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuctInduction: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType +
                                                 " = \"" + IndUnit(IUNum).Name + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Hot Water Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Hot Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Maximum Hot Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Maximum Hot Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1039,10 +1039,11 @@ namespace HVACSingleDuctInduc {
                                     AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuctInduction: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType +
                                                 " = \"" + IndUnit(IUNum).Name + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Cold Water Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolColdWaterFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Cold Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxVolColdWaterFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Maximum Cold Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolColdWaterFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Maximum Cold Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolColdWaterFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1108,7 +1109,7 @@ namespace HVACSingleDuctInduc {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataZoneEnergyDemands;
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
@@ -1250,21 +1251,22 @@ namespace HVACSingleDuctInduc {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, "SimFourPipeIndUnit: Hot water coil control failed for " + IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType + "=\"" +
                                                IndUnit(IUNum).Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) +
-                                              "] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("  Iteration limit [{}] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate", SolveMaxIter));
                         }
-                        ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "SimFourPipeIndUnit: Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [" +
-                                                           RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) + "]) for " + IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType + "=\"" +
-                                                           IndUnit(IUNum).Name + "\"",
-                                                       IndUnit(IUNum).HWCoilFailNum1);
+                        ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
+                            format("SimFourPipeIndUnit: Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [{}]) for {}=\"{}\"",
+                                   SolveMaxIter,
+                                   IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType,
+                                   IndUnit(IUNum).Name),
+                            IndUnit(IUNum).HWCoilFailNum1);
                     } else if (SolFlag == -2) {
                         if (IndUnit(IUNum).HWCoilFailNum2 == 0) {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, "SimFourPipeIndUnit: Hot water coil control failed (maximum flow limits) for " +
                                                IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType + "=\"" + IndUnit(IUNum).Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Bad hot water maximum flow rate limits");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Given minimum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MinHotWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Given maximum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MaxHotWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given minimum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MinHotWaterFlow));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given maximum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MaxHotWaterFlow));
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "SimFourPipeIndUnit: Hot water coil control failed (flow limits) for " +
                                                            IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType + "=\"" + IndUnit(IUNum).Name + "\"",
@@ -1299,12 +1301,13 @@ namespace HVACSingleDuctInduc {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, "SimFourPipeIndUnit: Cold water coil control failed for " + IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType + "=\"" +
                                                IndUnit(IUNum).Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) +
-                                              "] exceeded in calculating cold water mass flow rate");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("  Iteration limit [{}] exceeded in calculating cold water mass flow rate", SolveMaxIter));
                         }
-                        ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "SimFourPipeIndUnit: Cold water coil control failed (iteration limit [" +
-                                                           RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) + "]) for " + IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType + "=\"" +
-                                                           IndUnit(IUNum).Name,
+                        ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("SimFourPipeIndUnit: Cold water coil control failed (iteration limit [{}]) for {}=\"{}",
+                                                                     SolveMaxIter,
+                                                                     IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType,
+                                                                     IndUnit(IUNum).Name),
                                                        IndUnit(IUNum).CWCoilFailNum1);
                     } else if (SolFlag == -2) {
                         if (IndUnit(IUNum).CWCoilFailNum2 == 0) {
@@ -1312,8 +1315,8 @@ namespace HVACSingleDuctInduc {
                                                IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType + "=\"" + IndUnit(IUNum).Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Bad cold water maximum flow rate limits");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Given minimum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MinColdWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Given maximum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MaxColdWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given minimum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MinColdWaterFlow));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given maximum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MaxColdWaterFlow));
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "SimFourPipeIndUnit: Cold water coil control failed (flow limits) for " +
                                                            IndUnit(IUNum).UnitType + "=\"" + IndUnit(IUNum).Name + "\"",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACSizingSimulationManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACSizingSimulationManager.cc
index d13b5c5495d..221ad153056 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACSizingSimulationManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACSizingSimulationManager.cc
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/EMSManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/ExteriorEnergyUse.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HVACSizingSimulationManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Plant/DataPlant.hh>
@@ -220,7 +219,7 @@ void ManageHVACSizingSimulation(EnergyPlusData &state, bool &ErrorsFound)
     using DataSystemVariables::ReportDuringHVACSizingSimulation;
     using EMSManager::ManageEMS;
     using ExteriorEnergyUse::ManageExteriorEnergyUse;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
     using PlantPipingSystemsManager::SimulateGroundDomains;
 
     using namespace WeatherManager;
@@ -315,10 +314,10 @@ void ManageHVACSizingSimulation(EnergyPlusData &state, bool &ErrorsFound)
 
                 if (state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                     ++NumOfWarmupDays;
-                    cWarmupDay = TrimSigDigits(NumOfWarmupDays);
+                    cWarmupDay = fmt::to_string(NumOfWarmupDays);
                     DisplayString(state, "Warming up {" + cWarmupDay + '}');
                 } else if (state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim == 1) {
-                    DisplayString(state, "Starting HVAC Sizing Simulation at " + CurMnDy + " for " + EnvironmentName);
+                    DisplayString(state, fmt::format("Starting HVAC Sizing Simulation at {} for {}", CurMnDy, EnvironmentName));
                     static constexpr auto Format_700("Environment:WarmupDays,{:3}\n");
                     print(state.files.eio, Format_700, NumOfWarmupDays);
                 } else if (DisplayPerfSimulationFlag) {
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACStandAloneERV.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACStandAloneERV.cc
index 8be8f285d1b..0ac3b927328 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACStandAloneERV.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACStandAloneERV.cc
@@ -189,7 +189,6 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
         // Manages the simulation of a Stand Alone ERV unit. Called from SimZoneEquipment
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -215,13 +214,19 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
         } else {
             StandAloneERVNum = CompIndex;
             if (StandAloneERVNum > NumStandAloneERVs || StandAloneERVNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimStandAloneERV:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(StandAloneERVNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumStandAloneERVs) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimStandAloneERV:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      StandAloneERVNum,
+                                      NumStandAloneERVs,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(StandAloneERVNum)) {
                 if (CompName != StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimStandAloneERV: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(StandAloneERVNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimStandAloneERV: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          StandAloneERVNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(StandAloneERVNum) = false;
             }
@@ -262,7 +267,7 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
         using Fans::GetFanIndex;
         using Fans::GetFanOutletNode;
         using Fans::GetFanType;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using MixedAir::OAController;
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         auto &GetGenericSupplyAirFlowRate(HeatRecovery::GetSupplyAirFlowRate);
@@ -668,9 +673,12 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
                 if (StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).SupplyAirVolFlow > StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).DesignSAFanVolFlowRate) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).Name + " has a " + cNumericFields(1) +
                                      " > Max Volume Flow Rate defined in the associated fan object, should be <=");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).SupplyAirVolFlow, 2) + "... Fan [" +
-                                      cFanTypes(SAFanTypeNum) + " \"" + StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).SupplyAirFanName +
-                                      "\"] Max Value = " + RoundSigDigits(StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).DesignSAFanVolFlowRate, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("... Entered value={:.2R}... Fan [{} \"{}\"] Max Value = {:.2R}",
+                                             StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).SupplyAirVolFlow,
+                                             cFanTypes(SAFanTypeNum),
+                                             StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).SupplyAirFanName,
+                                             StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).DesignSAFanVolFlowRate));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The ERV " + cNumericFields(1) + " is reset to the supply air fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).SupplyAirVolFlow = StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).DesignSAFanVolFlowRate;
                 }
@@ -679,7 +687,7 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
                 if (StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).SupplyAirVolFlow <= 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).Name + " has a " + cNumericFields(1) +
                                     " <= 0.0, it must be >0.0");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).SupplyAirVolFlow, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... Entered value={:.2R}", StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).SupplyAirVolFlow));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             } else {
@@ -702,9 +710,12 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
                 if (StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).ExhaustAirVolFlow > StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).DesignEAFanVolFlowRate) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).Name + " has an " + cNumericFields(2) +
                                      " > Max Volume Flow Rate defined in the associated fan object, should be <=");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).ExhaustAirVolFlow, 2) + "... Fan [" +
-                                      cFanTypes(EAFanTypeNum) + ':' + StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).ExhaustAirFanName +
-                                      "] Max Value = " + RoundSigDigits(StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).DesignEAFanVolFlowRate, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("... Entered value={:.2R}... Fan [{}:{}] Max Value = {:.2R}",
+                                             StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).ExhaustAirVolFlow,
+                                             cFanTypes(EAFanTypeNum),
+                                             StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).ExhaustAirFanName,
+                                             StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).DesignEAFanVolFlowRate));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The ERV " + cNumericFields(2) + " is reset to the exhaust air fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).ExhaustAirVolFlow = StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).DesignEAFanVolFlowRate;
                 }
@@ -713,7 +724,7 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
                 if (StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).ExhaustAirVolFlow <= 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).Name + " has an " + cNumericFields(2) +
                                     " <= 0.0, it must be >0.0");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).ExhaustAirVolFlow, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... Entered value={:.2R}", StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).ExhaustAirVolFlow));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             } else {
@@ -1039,15 +1050,15 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
                     StandAloneERV(WhichERV).DesignSAFanVolFlowRate != AutoSize) {
                     if (StandAloneERV(WhichERV).SupplyAirVolFlow * HighRHOARatio > StandAloneERV(WhichERV).DesignSAFanVolFlowRate) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " \"" + Alphas(1) + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... A " + cNumericFields(5) + " was entered as " + RoundSigDigits(HighRHOARatio, 4));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... A {} was entered as {:.4R}", cNumericFields(5), HighRHOARatio));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... This flow ratio results in a Supply Air Volume Flow Rate through the ERV which is greater than the "
                                           "Max Volume specified in the supply air fan object.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... Associated fan object = " + cFanTypes(SAFanTypeNum) + " \"" +
                                           StandAloneERV(WhichERV).SupplyAirFanName + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Modified value                   = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(StandAloneERV(WhichERV).SupplyAirVolFlow * HighRHOARatio, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " ... Supply Fan Max Volume Flow Rate = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(StandAloneERV(WhichERV).DesignSAFanVolFlowRate, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... Modified value                   = {:.2R}", StandAloneERV(WhichERV).SupplyAirVolFlow * HighRHOARatio));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format(" ... Supply Fan Max Volume Flow Rate = {:.2R}", StandAloneERV(WhichERV).DesignSAFanVolFlowRate));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... The ERV supply air fan will limit the air flow through the ERV and the simulation continues.");
                     }
                 }
@@ -1057,15 +1068,16 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
                     StandAloneERV(WhichERV).DesignEAFanVolFlowRate != AutoSize) {
                     if (StandAloneERV(WhichERV).ExhaustAirVolFlow * HighRHOARatio > StandAloneERV(WhichERV).DesignEAFanVolFlowRate) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, "ZoneHVAC:EnergyRecoveryVentilator:Controller \"" + Alphas(1) + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... A " + cNumericFields(5) + " was entered as " + RoundSigDigits(HighRHOARatio, 4));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... A {} was entered as {:.4R}", cNumericFields(5), HighRHOARatio));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... This flow ratio results in an Exhaust Air Volume Flow Rate through the ERV which is greater than the "
                                           "Max Volume specified in the exhaust air fan object.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... Associated fan object = " + cFanTypes(EAFanTypeNum) + " \"" +
                                           StandAloneERV(WhichERV).ExhaustAirFanName + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Modified value                    = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(StandAloneERV(WhichERV).ExhaustAirVolFlow * HighRHOARatio, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " ... Exhaust Fan Max Volume Flow Rate = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(StandAloneERV(WhichERV).DesignEAFanVolFlowRate, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("... Modified value                    = {:.2R}", StandAloneERV(WhichERV).ExhaustAirVolFlow * HighRHOARatio));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format(" ... Exhaust Fan Max Volume Flow Rate = {:.2R}", StandAloneERV(WhichERV).DesignEAFanVolFlowRate));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... The ERV exhaust air fan will limit the air flow through the ERV and the simulation continues.");
                     }
                 }
@@ -1398,7 +1410,7 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
         using Fans::SetFanData;
         using Fans::SimulateFanComponents;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using HeatRecovery::SetHeatExchangerData;
         using MixedAir::OAController;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMaxValue;
@@ -1557,9 +1569,8 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeStandAloneERV: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:EnergyRecoveryVentilator " +
                                     cFanTypes(StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).SupplyAirFanType_Num) + ' ' +
                                     StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).SupplyAirFanName);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Supply Fan Maximum Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(DesignSAFanVolFlowRateUser, 5) +
-                                          " [m3/s]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from the ERV Supply Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(DesignSAFanVolFlowRateDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Supply Fan Maximum Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", DesignSAFanVolFlowRateUser));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from the ERV Supply Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", DesignSAFanVolFlowRateDes));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                     }
@@ -1613,7 +1624,7 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
         using DataHeatBalance::ZoneAirMassFlow;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
         using Fans::SimulateFanComponents;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using HeatRecovery::SimHeatRecovery;
         using MixedAir::OAController;
 
@@ -1777,8 +1788,8 @@ namespace HVACStandAloneERV {
             if (TotalExhaustMassFlow > TotalSupplyMassFlow && !ZoneAirMassFlow.EnforceZoneMassBalance) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "For " + StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).UnitType + " \"" + StandAloneERV(StandAloneERVNum).Name +
                                  "\" there is unbalanced exhaust air flow.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... The exhaust air mass flow rate = " + RoundSigDigits(Node(ExhaustInletNode).MassFlowRate, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... The  supply air mass flow rate = " + RoundSigDigits(Node(SupInletNode).MassFlowRate, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... The exhaust air mass flow rate = {:.6R}", Node(ExhaustInletNode).MassFlowRate));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... The  supply air mass flow rate = {:.6R}", Node(SupInletNode).MassFlowRate));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... Unless there is balancing infiltration / ventilation air flow, this will result in");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... load due to induced outside air being neglected in the simulation.");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACUnitaryBypassVAV.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACUnitaryBypassVAV.cc
index a58d4d5a4ed..0df08170899 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACUnitaryBypassVAV.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACUnitaryBypassVAV.cc
@@ -235,13 +235,18 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
         } else {
             CBVAVNum = CompIndex;
             if (CBVAVNum > NumCBVAV || CBVAVNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimUnitaryBypassVAV:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAVNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + General::TrimSigDigits(NumCBVAV) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format(
+                        "SimUnitaryBypassVAV:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}", CBVAVNum, NumCBVAV, CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(CBVAVNum)) {
                 if (CompName != CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimUnitaryBypassVAV: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAVNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimUnitaryBypassVAV: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          CBVAVNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(CBVAVNum) = false;
             }
@@ -454,7 +459,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
 
             CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow = Numbers(1);
             if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= 0.0 && CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(1) + " = " + General::TrimSigDigits(Numbers(1), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(1), Numbers(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(1) + " must be greater than zero.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -462,7 +467,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
 
             CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow = Numbers(2);
             if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= 0.0 && CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(2) + " = " + General::TrimSigDigits(Numbers(2), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(2), Numbers(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(2) + " must be greater than zero.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -470,7 +475,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
 
             CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow = Numbers(3);
             if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0 && CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(3) + " = " + General::TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(3), Numbers(3)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(3) + " must be greater than or equal to zero.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -478,7 +483,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
 
             CBVAV(CBVAVNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow = Numbers(4);
             if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow < 0.0 && CBVAV(CBVAVNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(4) + " = " + General::TrimSigDigits(Numbers(4), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(4), Numbers(4)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(4) + " must be greater than or equal to zero.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -486,7 +491,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
 
             CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow = Numbers(5);
             if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow < 0.0 && CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(5) + " = " + General::TrimSigDigits(Numbers(5), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(5), Numbers(5)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(5) + " must be greater than or equal to zero.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -494,7 +499,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
 
             CBVAV(CBVAVNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow = Numbers(6);
             if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow < 0.0 && CBVAV(CBVAVNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(6) + " = " + General::TrimSigDigits(Numbers(6), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(6), Numbers(6)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(6) + " must be greater than or equal to zero.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -697,15 +702,25 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
 
             if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
                 if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow < CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow && CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow, 7) + " in " +
-                                     cAlphaFields(11) + " = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName + " is less than the " + cNumericFields(1));
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in {} = {} is less than the ",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                            cAlphaFields(11),
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName) +
+                                         cNumericFields(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, ' ' + cNumericFields(1) + " is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow = CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow;
                 }
                 if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow < CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow && CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow, 7) + " in " +
-                                     cAlphaFields(11) + " = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName + " is less than the " + cNumericFields(2));
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in {} = {} is less than the ",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                            cAlphaFields(11),
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName) +
+                                         cNumericFields(2));
                     ShowContinueError(state, ' ' + cNumericFields(2) + " is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow = CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow;
@@ -908,8 +923,13 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
             if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
                 if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow < CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow &&
                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize && CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != 0.0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow, 7) + " in " +
-                                     cAlphaFields(11) + " = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName + " is less than " + cNumericFields(3));
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in {} = {} is less than ",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                            cAlphaFields(11),
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName) +
+                                         cNumericFields(3));
                     ShowContinueError(state, ' ' + cNumericFields(3) + " is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow = CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow;
@@ -1646,30 +1666,39 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->DoingSizing && CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
                 //     Check fan versus system supply air flow rates
                 if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow < CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                     " in fan object " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName +
-                                     " is less than the maximum CBVAV system air flow rate when cooling is required (" +
-                                     General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow, 7) + ").");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum CBVAV system air flow rate when "
+                                            "cooling is required ({:.7T}).",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow));
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         " The CBVAV system flow rate when cooling is required is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in Changeover-bypass VAV system = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow = CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow;
                 }
                 if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow < CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                     " in fan object " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName +
-                                     " is less than the maximum CBVAV system air flow rate when heating is required (" +
-                                     General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow, 7) + ").");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum CBVAV system air flow rate when "
+                                            "heating is required ({:.7T}).",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow));
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         " The CBVAV system flow rate when heating is required is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in Changeover-bypass VAV system = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow = CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow;
                 }
                 if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow < CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow && CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != 0.0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                     " in fan object " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName +
-                                     " is less than the maximum CBVAV system air flow rate when no heating or cooling is needed (" +
-                                     General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow, 7) + ").");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum CBVAV system air flow rate when "
+                                            "no heating or cooling is needed ({:.7T}).",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The CBVAV system flow rate when no heating or cooling is needed is reset to the fan flow rate and the "
                                       "simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in Changeover-bypass VAV system = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
@@ -1677,30 +1706,39 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                 }
                 //     Check fan versus outdoor air flow rates
                 if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow < CBVAV(CBVAVNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                     " in fan object " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName +
-                                     " is less than the maximum CBVAV outdoor air flow rate when cooling is required (" +
-                                     General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow, 7) + ").");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum CBVAV outdoor air flow rate when "
+                                            "cooling is required ({:.7T}).",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow));
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         " The CBVAV outdoor flow rate when cooling is required is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in Changeover-bypass VAV system = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow = CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow;
                 }
                 if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow < CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                     " in fan object " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName +
-                                     " is less than the maximum CBVAV outdoor air flow rate when heating is required (" +
-                                     General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow, 7) + ").");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum CBVAV outdoor air flow rate when "
+                                            "heating is required ({:.7T}).",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow));
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         " The CBVAV outdoor flow rate when heating is required is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in Changeover-bypass VAV system = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow = CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow;
                 }
                 if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow < CBVAV(CBVAVNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                     " in fan object " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName +
-                                     " is less than the maximum CBVAV outdoor air flow rate when no heating or cooling is needed (" +
-                                     General::TrimSigDigits(CBVAV(CBVAVNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow, 7) + ").");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum CBVAV outdoor air flow rate when "
+                                            "no heating or cooling is needed ({:.7T}).",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).FanName,
+                                            CBVAV(CBVAVNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The CBVAV outdoor flow rate when no heating or cooling is needed is reset to the fan flow rate and the "
                                       "simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in Changeover-bypass VAV system = " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
@@ -2303,7 +2341,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                     ++CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HXDXIterationExceeded;
                                     ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating HX assisted DX unit part-load ratio, for unit = " +
                                                      CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXCoolCoilName);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                         "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                 } else {
@@ -2324,8 +2362,10 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                     ShowSevereError(state,
                                         "HX assisted DX unit part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                         CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXCoolCoilName);
-                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "An estimated part-load ratio of " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3) +
-                                                               "will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
+                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("An estimated part-load ratio of {:.3R}will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:",
+                                               PartLoadFrac));
                                 } else {
                                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                                         CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name + ", Part-load ratio calculation failed for HX assisted DX unit error continues.",
@@ -2373,7 +2413,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                     ++CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXIterationExceeded;
                                     ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit part-load ratio, for unit = " +
                                                      CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXCoolCoilName);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                         "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                 } else {
@@ -2393,8 +2433,10 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                     ++CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXIterationFailed;
                                     ShowSevereError(state, "DX unit part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXCoolCoilName);
-                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "An estimated part-load ratio of " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3) +
-                                                               "will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
+                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("An estimated part-load ratio of {:.3R}will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:",
+                                               PartLoadFrac));
                                 } else {
                                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name +
                                                                        ", Part-load ratio calculation failed for DX unit error continues.",
@@ -2591,7 +2633,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                                 ShowWarningError(state, CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXCoolCoilType +
                                                                  " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating VS DX coil speed ratio for coil named " +
                                                                  CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXCoolCoilName + ", in Unitary system named" + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated speed ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 4));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated speed ratio = {:.4R}", SpeedRatio));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The calculated speed ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -2610,8 +2652,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXCoolCoilType +
                                                     " - DX unit speed ratio calculation failed: solver limits exceeded, for coil named " +
                                                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXCoolCoilName + ", in Unitary system named" + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated speed ratio = " +
-                                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(TempSpeedReqst / TempSpeedOut, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated speed ratio = {:.3R}", TempSpeedReqst / TempSpeedOut));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -2639,9 +2680,9 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXCoolCoilType +
                                                     " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating VS DX unit low speed cycling ratio, for coil named " +
                                                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXCoolCoilName + ", in Unitary system named" + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated cycling ratio  = " +
-                                                                  General::RoundSigDigits((TempSpeedReqst / TempSpeedOut), 3));
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated cycling ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                                  format("Estimated cycling ratio  = {:.3R}", (TempSpeedReqst / TempSpeedOut)));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated cycling ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The calculated cycling ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -2661,8 +2702,8 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DXCoolCoilType +
                                                     " - DX unit low speed cycling ratio calculation failed: limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated low speed cycling ratio = " +
-                                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(TempSpeedReqst / TempSpeedOut, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(
+                                                    state, format("Estimated low speed cycling ratio = {:.3R}", TempSpeedReqst / TempSpeedOut));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The estimated low speed cycling ratio will be used and the simulation "
                                                                            "continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -2732,7 +2773,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                     ++CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MMDXIterationExceeded;
                                     ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit part-load ratio, for unit=" +
                                                      CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Part-load ratio returned = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 2));
+                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Part-load ratio returned = {:.2R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                         "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                 } else {
@@ -2752,7 +2793,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                     ++CBVAV(CBVAVNum).MMDXIterationFailed;
                                     ShowSevereError(state, "DX unit part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit=" +
                                                     CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                         "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                 } else {
@@ -2802,7 +2843,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                         ++CBVAV(CBVAVNum).DMDXIterationExceeded;
                                         ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit dehumidifying part-load ratio, for unit = " +
                                                          CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Part-load ratio returned=" + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 2));
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Part-load ratio returned={:.2R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                             "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                     } else {
@@ -2825,7 +2866,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                         ShowSevereError(state,
                                             "DX unit dehumidifying part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                             CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                             "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                     } else {
@@ -2887,7 +2928,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                         ++CBVAV(CBVAVNum).CRDXIterationExceeded;
                                         ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit cool reheat part-load ratio, for unit = " +
                                                          CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Part-load ratio returned = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 2));
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Part-load ratio returned = {:.2R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                             "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                     } else {
@@ -2910,7 +2951,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                         ShowSevereError(state,
                                             "DX unit cool reheat part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                             CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                             "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                     } else {
@@ -3087,14 +3128,15 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                             if (SolFla == -1 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit part-load ratio, for unit = " +
                                                  CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatCoilName);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                     "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                             } else if (SolFla == -2 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, "DX unit part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                 CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatCoilName);
-                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "A part-load ratio of " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3) +
-                                                           "will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
+                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("A part-load ratio of {:.3R}will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:", PartLoadFrac));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Please send this information to the EnergyPlus support group.");
                             }
                         }
@@ -3303,7 +3345,7 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                         ShowWarningError(state, CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatCoilType +
                                                          " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating VS DX coil speed ratio for coil named " +
                                                          CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatCoilName + ", in Unitary system named" + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated speed ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 4));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated speed ratio = {:.4R}", SpeedRatio));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                             "The calculated speed ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                     }
@@ -3362,8 +3404,8 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                             CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatCoilType +
                                             " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating VS DX unit low speed cycling ratio, for coil named " +
                                             CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HeatCoilName + ", in Unitary system named" + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated cycling ratio  = " + General::RoundSigDigits((DesOutTemp / TempSpeedOut), 3));
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated cycling ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated cycling ratio  = {:.3R}", (DesOutTemp / TempSpeedOut)));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated cycling ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                             "The calculated cycling ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                     }
@@ -3383,8 +3425,8 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                                          " - DX unit low speed cycling ratio calculation failed: limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                          CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name);
                                         ShowContinueError(state,
-                                            "Estimated low speed cycling ratio = " +
-                                            General::RoundSigDigits((DesOutTemp - TempNoOutput) / (TempSpeedOutSpeed1 - TempNoOutput), 3));
+                                                          format("Estimated low speed cycling ratio = {:.3R}",
+                                                                 (DesOutTemp - TempNoOutput) / (TempSpeedOutSpeed1 - TempNoOutput)));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                             "The estimated low speed cycling ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                     }
@@ -4063,21 +4105,23 @@ namespace HVACUnitaryBypassVAV {
                                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed for " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).UnitType + "=\"" +
                                                    CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name + "\"");
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit [" + General::RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) +
-                                                  "] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("  Iteration limit [{}] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate", SolveMaxIter));
                             }
-                            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [" +
-                                                               General::RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) + "]) for " + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).UnitType + "=\"" +
-                                                               CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name,
-                                                           CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex);
+                            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
+                                format("CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [{}]) for {}=\"{}",
+                                       SolveMaxIter,
+                                       CBVAV(CBVAVNum).UnitType,
+                                       CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name),
+                                CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex);
                         } else if (SolFlag == -2) {
                             if (CBVAV(CBVAVNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex2 == 0) {
                                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (maximum flow limits) for " +
                                                    CBVAV(CBVAVNum).UnitType + "=\"" + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name + "\"");
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Bad hot water maximum flow rate limits");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Given minimum water flow rate=" + General::RoundSigDigits(MinWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Given maximum water flow rate=" + General::RoundSigDigits(MaxHotWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given minimum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MinWaterFlow));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given maximum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MaxHotWaterFlow));
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcNonDXHeatingCoils: Hot water coil control failed (flow limits) for " +
                                                                CBVAV(CBVAVNum).UnitType + "=\"" + CBVAV(CBVAVNum).Name + "\"",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow.cc
index 4486bc1819d..a6f8e682aed 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow.cc
@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/CurveManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DXCoils.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataAirLoop.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataAirSystems.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataDefineEquip.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.hh>
@@ -258,7 +257,6 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
         using DXCoils::DXCoilTotalCooling;
         using DXCoils::DXCoilTotalHeating;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         int VRFTUNum;             // current VRF system terminal unit index
         int VRFCondenser;         // index to VRF AC system object - AirConditioner:VariableRefrigerantFlow
@@ -293,13 +291,19 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         } else {
             VRFTUNum = CompIndex;
             if (VRFTUNum > NumVRFTU || VRFTUNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateVRF: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(VRFTUNum) +
-                               ", Number of VRF Terminal Units = " + TrimSigDigits(NumVRFTU) + ", VRF Terminal Unit name = " + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimulateVRF: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of VRF Terminal Units = {}, VRF Terminal Unit name = {}",
+                                      VRFTUNum,
+                                      NumVRFTU,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(VRFTUNum)) {
                 if (!CompName.empty() && CompName != VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateVRF: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(VRFTUNum) + ", VRF Terminal Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored VRF TU Name for that index=" + VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimulateVRF: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, VRF Terminal Unit name={}, stored VRF TU Name for that index={}",
+                                          VRFTUNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(VRFTUNum) = false;
             }
@@ -431,7 +435,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                          [[maybe_unused]] bool RunFlag)
     {
         if (calledFromLocation.loopNum == this->SourceLoopNum) { // condenser loop
-            PlantUtilities::UpdateChillerComponentCondenserSide(state, this->SourceLoopNum,
+            PlantUtilities::UpdateChillerComponentCondenserSide(state,
+                                                                this->SourceLoopNum,
                                                                 this->SourceLoopSideNum,
                                                                 TypeOf_HeatPumpVRF,
                                                                 this->CondenserNodeNum,
@@ -469,7 +474,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         using DXCoils::DXCoilHeatInletAirDBTemp;
         using DXCoils::DXCoilHeatInletAirWBTemp;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
         using Psychrometrics::RhoH2O;
 
@@ -715,10 +720,14 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag && NumTUInCoolingMode > 0) {
                     if (VRF(VRFCond).CoolCapFTErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowSevereMessage(state, cVRFTypes(VRF_HeatPump) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Cooling Capacity Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(TotCoolCapTempModFac, 3) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an outdoor air temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) +
-                                          " C and an average indoor air wet-bulb temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirWetBulbC, 1) + " C.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format(" Cooling Capacity Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).", TotCoolCapTempModFac));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format(" Negative value occurs using an outdoor air temperature of {:.1T} C and an average indoor air "
+                                                 "wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C.",
+                                                 CondInletTemp,
+                                                 InletAirWetBulbC));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -736,10 +745,14 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag && NumTUInCoolingMode > 0) {
                     if (VRF(VRFCond).EIRFTempCoolErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowSevereMessage(state, cVRFTypes(VRF_HeatPump) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Cooling Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(TotCoolEIRTempModFac, 3) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an outdoor air temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) +
-                                          " C and an average indoor air wet-bulb temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirWetBulbC, 1) + " C.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format(" Cooling Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).",
+                                                 TotCoolEIRTempModFac));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format(" Negative value occurs using an outdoor air temperature of {:.1T} C and an average indoor air "
+                                                 "wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C.",
+                                                 CondInletTemp,
+                                                 InletAirWetBulbC));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -766,10 +779,14 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag && NumTUInCoolingMode > 0) {
                     if (VRF(VRFCond).CoolCapFTErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowSevereMessage(state, cVRFTypes(VRF_HeatPump) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Cooling Capacity Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(TotCoolCapTempModFac, 3) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an outdoor air temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) +
-                                          " C and an average indoor air wet-bulb temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirWetBulbC, 1) + " C.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format(" Cooling Capacity Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).", TotCoolCapTempModFac));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format(" Negative value occurs using an outdoor air temperature of {:.1T} C and an average indoor air "
+                                                 "wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C.",
+                                                 CondInletTemp,
+                                                 InletAirWetBulbC));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -786,10 +803,14 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag && NumTUInCoolingMode > 0) {
                     if (VRF(VRFCond).EIRFTempCoolErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowSevereMessage(state, cVRFTypes(VRF_HeatPump) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Cooling Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(TotCoolEIRTempModFac, 3) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an outdoor air temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) +
-                                          " C and an average indoor air wet-bulb temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirWetBulbC, 1) + " C.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format(" Cooling Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).",
+                                                 TotCoolEIRTempModFac));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format(" Negative value occurs using an outdoor air temperature of {:.1T} C and an average indoor air "
+                                                 "wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C.",
+                                                 CondInletTemp,
+                                                 InletAirWetBulbC));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -863,16 +884,23 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag && NumTUInHeatingMode > 0) {
                     if (VRF(VRFCond).HeatCapFTErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowSevereMessage(state, cVRFTypes(VRF_HeatPump) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Heating Capacity Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(TotHeatCapTempModFac, 3) + ").");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format(" Heating Capacity Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).", TotHeatCapTempModFac));
+
                         auto const SELECT_CASE_var(VRF(VRFCond).HeatingPerformanceOATType);
                         if (SELECT_CASE_var == DataHVACGlobals::DryBulbIndicator) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an outdoor air temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) +
-                                              " C and an average indoor air dry-bulb temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirDryBulbC, 1) + " C.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format(" Negative value occurs using an outdoor air temperature of {:.1T} C and an average indoor air "
+                                                     "dry-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C.",
+                                                     CondInletTemp,
+                                                     InletAirDryBulbC));
                         } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == DataHVACGlobals::WetBulbIndicator) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an outdoor air wet-bulb temperature of " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(OutdoorWetBulb, 1) + " C and an average indoor air wet-bulb temperature of " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(InletAirWetBulbC, 1) + " C.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format(" Negative value occurs using an outdoor air wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C and an average "
+                                                     "indoor air wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C.",
+                                                     OutdoorWetBulb,
+                                                     InletAirWetBulbC));
                         } else {
                             // should never get here
                         }
@@ -892,18 +920,24 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag && NumTUInHeatingMode > 0) {
                     if (VRF(VRFCond).EIRFTempHeatErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowSevereMessage(state, cVRFTypes(VRF_HeatPump) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Heating Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(TotHeatEIRTempModFac, 3) + ").");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format(" Heating Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).",
+                                                 TotHeatEIRTempModFac));
                         {
                             auto const SELECT_CASE_var(VRF(VRFCond).HeatingPerformanceOATType);
                             if (SELECT_CASE_var == DataHVACGlobals::DryBulbIndicator) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an outdoor air dry-bulb temperature of " +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) + " C and an average indoor air dry-bulb temperature of " +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(InletAirDryBulbC, 1) + " C.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format(" Negative value occurs using an outdoor air dry-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C and an "
+                                                         "average indoor air dry-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C.",
+                                                         CondInletTemp,
+                                                         InletAirDryBulbC));
                             } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == DataHVACGlobals::WetBulbIndicator) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an outdoor air wet-bulb temperature of " +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(OutdoorWetBulb, 1) + " C and an average indoor air wet-bulb temperature of " +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(InletAirWetBulbC, 1) + " C.");
+
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format(" Negative value occurs using an outdoor air wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C and an "
+                                                         "average indoor air wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C.",
+                                                         OutdoorWetBulb,
+                                                         InletAirWetBulbC));
                             } else {
                             }
                         }
@@ -957,11 +991,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                                 if (VRF(VRFCond).DefrostHeatErrorIndex == 0) {
                                     ShowSevereMessage(state, cVRFTypes(VRF_HeatPump) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name + "\":");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, " Defrost Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(DefrostEIRTempModFac, 3) + ").");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an outdoor air dry-bulb temperature of " +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(OutdoorDryBulb, 1) + " C and an average indoor air wet-bulb temperature of " +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(InletAirWetBulbC, 1) + " C.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format(" Defrost Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).",
+                                               DefrostEIRTempModFac));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format(" Negative value occurs using an outdoor air dry-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C and an "
+                                                             "average indoor air wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C.",
+                                                             OutdoorDryBulb,
+                                                             InletAirWetBulbC));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, ccSimPlantEquipTypes(TypeOf_HeatPumpVRF) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name +
@@ -1429,7 +1467,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         using Fans::GetFanInletNode;
         using Fans::GetFanOutletNode;
         using Fans::GetFanType;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using MixedAir::GetOAMixerNodeNumbers;
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValueMinMax;
@@ -1674,7 +1712,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).CoolCapFT = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(3));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).CoolCapFT > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is biquadratic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).CoolCapFT, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).CoolCapFT, // Curve index
                                                             {2},                   // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,           // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,  // Object Type
@@ -1682,7 +1721,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                                             cAlphaFieldNames(3));  // Field Name
 
                 if (!ErrorsFound) {
-                    checkCurveIsNormalizedToOne( state,
+                    checkCurveIsNormalizedToOne(state,
                                                 RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject,
                                                 VRF(VRFNum).Name,
                                                 VRF(VRFNum).CoolCapFT,
@@ -1696,7 +1735,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).CoolBoundaryCurvePtr = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(4));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).CoolBoundaryCurvePtr > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).CoolBoundaryCurvePtr, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).CoolBoundaryCurvePtr, // Curve index
                                                             {1},                              // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,                      // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,             // Object Type
@@ -1707,7 +1747,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).CoolCapFTHi = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(5));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).CoolCapFTHi > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is biquadratic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).CoolCapFTHi, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).CoolCapFTHi, // Curve index
                                                             {2},                     // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,             // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,    // Object Type
@@ -1718,7 +1759,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFT = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(6));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFT > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is biquadratic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFT, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFT, // Curve index
                                                             {2},                   // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,           // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,  // Object Type
@@ -1729,7 +1771,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).EIRCoolBoundaryCurvePtr = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(7));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).EIRCoolBoundaryCurvePtr > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).EIRCoolBoundaryCurvePtr, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).EIRCoolBoundaryCurvePtr, // Curve index
                                                             {1},                                 // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,                         // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,                // Object Type
@@ -1740,7 +1783,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFTHi = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(8));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFTHi > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is biquadratic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFTHi, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFTHi, // Curve index
                                                             {2},                     // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,             // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,    // Object Type
@@ -1751,7 +1795,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFPLR1 = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(9));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFPLR1 > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFPLR1, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFPLR1, // Curve index
                                                             {1},                      // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,              // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,     // Object Type
@@ -1762,7 +1807,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFPLR2 = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(10));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFPLR2 > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFPLR2, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFPLR2, // Curve index
                                                             {1},                      // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,              // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,     // Object Type
@@ -1773,7 +1819,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).CoolCombRatioPTR = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(11));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).CoolCombRatioPTR > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).CoolCombRatioPTR, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).CoolCombRatioPTR, // Curve index
                                                             {1},                          // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,                  // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,         // Object Type
@@ -1784,7 +1831,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).CoolPLFFPLR = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(12));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).CoolPLFFPLR > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).CoolPLFFPLR, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).CoolPLFFPLR, // Curve index
                                                             {1},                     // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,             // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,    // Object Type
@@ -1810,8 +1858,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                     if (MinCurveVal < 0.7) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFieldNames(12) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(12) + "\" has out of range values.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MinCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(MinCurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MinCurvePLR, MinCurveVal));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve minimum to 0.7 and simulation continues.");
                         SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, VRF(VRFNum).CoolPLFFPLR, ErrorsFound, 0.7, _);
                     }
@@ -1819,8 +1867,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                     if (MaxCurveVal > 1.0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFieldNames(12) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(12) + " has out of range value.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(MaxCurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MaxCurvePLR, MaxCurveVal));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve maximum to 1.0 and simulation continues.");
                         SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, VRF(VRFNum).CoolPLFFPLR, ErrorsFound, _, 1.0);
                     }
@@ -1837,15 +1885,19 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating = rNumericArgs(9);
             if (VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating >= VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFieldNames(8) + " (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating, 3) +
-                                  ") must be less than maximum (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating, 3) + ").");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... {} ({:.3T}) must be less than maximum ({:.3T}).",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(8),
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating,
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             VRF(VRFNum).HeatCapFT = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(13));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).HeatCapFT > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is biquadratic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HeatCapFT, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).HeatCapFT, // Curve index
                                                             {2},                   // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,           // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,  // Object Type
@@ -1854,7 +1906,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
                 if (!ErrorsFound) {
                     if (UtilityRoutines::SameString(cAlphaArgs(19), "WETBULBTEMPERATURE")) {
-                        checkCurveIsNormalizedToOne( state,
+                        checkCurveIsNormalizedToOne(state,
                                                     RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject,
                                                     VRF(VRFNum).Name,
                                                     VRF(VRFNum).HeatCapFT,
@@ -1863,7 +1915,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                                     RatedInletAirTempHeat,
                                                     RatedOutdoorWetBulbTempHeat);
                     } else if (UtilityRoutines::SameString(cAlphaArgs(19), "DRYBULBTEMPERATURE")) {
-                        checkCurveIsNormalizedToOne( state,
+                        checkCurveIsNormalizedToOne(state,
                                                     RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject,
                                                     VRF(VRFNum).Name,
                                                     VRF(VRFNum).HeatCapFT,
@@ -1878,7 +1930,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).HeatBoundaryCurvePtr = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(14));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).HeatBoundaryCurvePtr > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HeatBoundaryCurvePtr, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).HeatBoundaryCurvePtr, // Curve index
                                                             {1},                              // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,                      // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,             // Object Type
@@ -1889,7 +1942,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).HeatCapFTHi = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(15));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).HeatCapFTHi > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is biquadratic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HeatCapFTHi, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).HeatCapFTHi, // Curve index
                                                             {2},                     // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,             // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,    // Object Type
@@ -1900,7 +1954,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFT = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(16));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFT > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is biquadratic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFT, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFT, // Curve index
                                                             {2},                   // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,           // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,  // Object Type
@@ -1911,7 +1966,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).EIRHeatBoundaryCurvePtr = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(17));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).EIRHeatBoundaryCurvePtr > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).EIRHeatBoundaryCurvePtr, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).EIRHeatBoundaryCurvePtr, // Curve index
                                                             {1},                                 // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,                         // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,                // Object Type
@@ -1922,7 +1978,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFTHi = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(18));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFTHi > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is biquadratic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFTHi, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFTHi, // Curve index
                                                             {2},                     // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,             // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,    // Object Type
@@ -1944,7 +2001,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFPLR1 = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(20));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFPLR1 > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFPLR1, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFPLR1, // Curve index
                                                             {1},                      // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,              // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,     // Object Type
@@ -1955,7 +2013,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFPLR2 = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(21));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFPLR2 > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFPLR2, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFPLR2, // Curve index
                                                             {1},                      // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,              // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,     // Object Type
@@ -1966,7 +2025,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).HeatCombRatioPTR = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(22));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).HeatCombRatioPTR > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HeatCombRatioPTR, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).HeatCombRatioPTR, // Curve index
                                                             {1},                          // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,                  // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,         // Object Type
@@ -1976,7 +2036,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).HeatPLFFPLR = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(23));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).HeatPLFFPLR > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HeatPLFFPLR, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).HeatPLFFPLR, // Curve index
                                                             {1},                     // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,             // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,    // Object Type
@@ -2002,8 +2063,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                     if (MinCurveVal < 0.7) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFieldNames(23) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(23) + "\" has out of range values.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MinCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(MinCurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Curve minimum must be >= 0.7, curve min at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MinCurvePLR, MinCurveVal));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve minimum to 0.7 and simulation continues.");
                         SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, VRF(VRFNum).HeatPLFFPLR, ErrorsFound, 0.7, _);
                     }
@@ -2011,8 +2072,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                     if (MaxCurveVal > 1.0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFieldNames(23) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(23) + " has out of range value.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxCurvePLR, 2) + " is " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(MaxCurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Curve maximum must be <= 1.0, curve max at PLR = {:.2T} is {:.3T}", MaxCurvePLR, MaxCurveVal));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting curve maximum to 1.0 and simulation continues.");
                         SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues(state, VRF(VRFNum).HeatPLFFPLR, ErrorsFound, _, 1.0);
                     }
@@ -2024,37 +2085,43 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             Real64 maxEIRfLowPLRXInput = 0.0;
 
             if (VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFPLR1 > 0) {
-                CurveManager::GetCurveMinMaxValues(state,VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFPLR1, minEIRfLowPLRXInput, maxEIRfLowPLRXInput);
+                CurveManager::GetCurveMinMaxValues(state, VRF(VRFNum).CoolEIRFPLR1, minEIRfLowPLRXInput, maxEIRfLowPLRXInput);
                 if (minEIRfLowPLRXInput > VRF(VRFNum).MinPLR) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFieldNames(9) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(9) + " has out of range value.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum value of X = " + TrimSigDigits(minEIRfLowPLRXInput, 3) +
-                                      " must be <= Minimum Heat Pump Part-Load Ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinPLR, 3) + ".");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Curve minimum value of X = {:.3T} must be <= Minimum Heat Pump Part-Load Ratio = {:.3T}.",
+                                             minEIRfLowPLRXInput,
+                                             VRF(VRFNum).MinPLR));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (maxEIRfLowPLRXInput < 1.0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", suspicious");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFieldNames(9) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(9) + " has unexpected value.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum value of X = " + TrimSigDigits(maxEIRfLowPLRXInput, 3) +
-                                      " should be 1 and will result in lower energy use than expected.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Curve maximum value of X = {:.3T} should be 1 and will result in lower energy use than expected.",
+                                             maxEIRfLowPLRXInput));
                 }
                 minEIRfLowPLRXInput = 0.0;
                 maxEIRfLowPLRXInput = 0.0;
             }
             if (VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFPLR1 > 0) {
-                CurveManager::GetCurveMinMaxValues(state,VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFPLR1, minEIRfLowPLRXInput, maxEIRfLowPLRXInput);
+                CurveManager::GetCurveMinMaxValues(state, VRF(VRFNum).HeatEIRFPLR1, minEIRfLowPLRXInput, maxEIRfLowPLRXInput);
                 if (minEIRfLowPLRXInput > VRF(VRFNum).MinPLR) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFieldNames(20) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(20) + " has out of range value.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve minimum value of X = " + TrimSigDigits(minEIRfLowPLRXInput, 3) +
-                                      " must be <= Minimum Heat Pump Part-Load Ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinPLR, 3) + ".");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Curve minimum value of X = {:.3T} must be <= Minimum Heat Pump Part-Load Ratio = {:.3T}.",
+                                             minEIRfLowPLRXInput,
+                                             VRF(VRFNum).MinPLR));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (maxEIRfLowPLRXInput < 1.0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", suspicious");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFieldNames(20) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(20) + " has unexpected value.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve maximum value of X = " + TrimSigDigits(maxEIRfLowPLRXInput, 3) +
-                                      " should be 1 and will result in lower energy use than expected.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Curve maximum value of X = {:.3T} should be 1 and will result in lower energy use than expected.",
+                                             maxEIRfLowPLRXInput));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -2118,7 +2185,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).PCFLengthCoolPtr = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(29));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).PCFLengthCoolPtr > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, cubic, or biquadratic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).PCFLengthCoolPtr, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).PCFLengthCoolPtr, // Curve index
                                                             {1, 2},                       // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,                  // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,         // Object Type
@@ -2131,7 +2199,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).PCFLengthHeatPtr = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(30));
             if (VRF(VRFNum).PCFLengthHeatPtr > 0) {
                 // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is linear, quadratic, cubic, or biquadratic
-                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).PCFLengthHeatPtr, // Curve index
+                ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                            VRF(VRFNum).PCFLengthHeatPtr, // Curve index
                                                             {1, 2},                       // Valid dimensions
                                                             RoutineName,                  // Routine name
                                                             cCurrentModuleObject,         // Object Type
@@ -2174,7 +2243,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 VRF(VRFNum).DefrostEIRPtr = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(33));
                 if (VRF(VRFNum).DefrostEIRPtr > 0) {
                     // Verify Curve Object, expected type is BiQuadratic
-                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).DefrostEIRPtr, // Curve index
+                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                                VRF(VRFNum).DefrostEIRPtr, // Curve index
                                                                 {2},                       // Valid dimensions
                                                                 RoutineName,               // Routine name
                                                                 cCurrentModuleObject,      // Object Type
@@ -2233,7 +2303,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 {
                     auto const SELECT_CASE_var(VRF(VRFNum).CondenserType);
                     if ((SELECT_CASE_var == DataHVACGlobals::AirCooled) || (SELECT_CASE_var == DataHVACGlobals::EvapCooled)) {
-                        VRF(VRFNum).CondenserNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(state, cAlphaArgs(35),
+                        VRF(VRFNum).CondenserNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(state,
+                                                                         cAlphaArgs(35),
                                                                          ErrorsFound,
                                                                          cCurrentModuleObject,
                                                                          VRF(VRFNum).Name,
@@ -2248,7 +2319,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == DataHVACGlobals::WaterCooled) {
-                        VRF(VRFNum).CondenserNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(state, cAlphaArgs(35),
+                        VRF(VRFNum).CondenserNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(state,
+                                                                         cAlphaArgs(35),
                                                                          ErrorsFound,
                                                                          cCurrentModuleObject,
                                                                          VRF(VRFNum).Name,
@@ -2262,7 +2334,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             }
 
             if (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(36) && VRF(VRFNum).CondenserType == DataHVACGlobals::WaterCooled) {
-                VRF(VRFNum).CondenserOutletNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(state, cAlphaArgs(36),
+                VRF(VRFNum).CondenserOutletNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(state,
+                                                                       cAlphaArgs(36),
                                                                        ErrorsFound,
                                                                        cCurrentModuleObject,
                                                                        VRF(VRFNum).Name,
@@ -2297,7 +2370,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 VRF(VRFNum).EvapWaterSupplyMode = WaterSupplyFromMains;
             } else {
                 VRF(VRFNum).EvapWaterSupplyMode = WaterSupplyFromTank;
-                SetupTankDemandComponent(state, VRF(VRFNum).Name,
+                SetupTankDemandComponent(state,
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).Name,
                                          cCurrentModuleObject,
                                          VRF(VRFNum).EvapWaterSupplyName,
                                          ErrorsFound,
@@ -2336,7 +2410,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             if (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(39)) {
                 // A39; \field Fuel type, Validate fuel type input
                 bool FuelTypeError(false);
-                UtilityRoutines::ValidateFuelTypeWithAssignResourceTypeNum(cAlphaArgs(39), VRF(VRFNum).FuelType, VRF(VRFNum).FuelTypeNum, FuelTypeError);
+                UtilityRoutines::ValidateFuelTypeWithAssignResourceTypeNum(
+                    cAlphaArgs(39), VRF(VRFNum).FuelType, VRF(VRFNum).FuelTypeNum, FuelTypeError);
                 if (FuelTypeError) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(39) +
                                     " not found = " + cAlphaArgs(39));
@@ -2355,13 +2430,13 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                     if (VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery < VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling || VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery < VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(29) +
                                          " is less than the minimum temperature in heat pump mode.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(29) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery, 2) + " C");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Outdoor Temperature in Cooling Mode = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling, 2) + " C");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Outdoor Temperature in Heating Mode = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating, 2) + " C");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} = {:.2T} C", cNumericFieldNames(29), VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum Outdoor Temperature in Cooling Mode = {:.2T} C", VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum Outdoor Temperature in Heating Mode = {:.2T} C", VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Outdoor Temperature in Heat Recovery Mode reset to greater of cooling or heating minimum "
                                           "temperature and simulation continues.");
                         VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery = max(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling, VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... adjusted " + cNumericFieldNames(29) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery, 2) + " C");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... adjusted {} = {:.2T} C", cNumericFieldNames(29), VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery));
                     }
                 }
                 if (lNumericFieldBlanks(30)) {
@@ -2371,20 +2446,21 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                     if (VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery > VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling || VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery > VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(30) +
                                          " is greater than the maximum temperature in heat pump mode.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(30) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery, 2) + " C");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Outdoor Temperature in Cooling Mode = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling, 2) + " C");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Outdoor Temperature in Heating Mode = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating, 2) + " C");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} = {:.2T} C", cNumericFieldNames(30), VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum Outdoor Temperature in Cooling Mode = {:.2T} C", VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum Outdoor Temperature in Heating Mode = {:.2T} C", VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Outdoor Temperature in Heat Recovery Mode reset to lesser of cooling or heating minimum "
                                           "temperature and simulation continues.");
                         VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery = min(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling, VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... adjusted " + cNumericFieldNames(30) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery, 2) + " C");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... adjusted {} = {:.2T} C", cNumericFieldNames(30), VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery));
                     }
                 }
 
                 VRF(VRFNum).HRCAPFTCool = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(40));
                 if (VRF(VRFNum).HRCAPFTCool > 0) {
                     // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is bi-quadratic or linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HRCAPFTCool, // Curve index
+                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                                VRF(VRFNum).HRCAPFTCool, // Curve index
                                                                 {1, 2},                  // Valid dimensions
                                                                 RoutineName,             // Routine name
                                                                 cCurrentModuleObject,    // Object Type
@@ -2398,7 +2474,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 VRF(VRFNum).HREIRFTCool = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(41));
                 if (VRF(VRFNum).HREIRFTCool > 0) {
                     // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is bi-quadratic or linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HREIRFTCool, // Curve index
+                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                                VRF(VRFNum).HREIRFTCool, // Curve index
                                                                 {1, 2},                  // Valid dimensions
                                                                 RoutineName,             // Routine name
                                                                 cCurrentModuleObject,    // Object Type
@@ -2415,7 +2492,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 VRF(VRFNum).HRCAPFTHeat = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(42));
                 if (VRF(VRFNum).HRCAPFTHeat > 0) {
                     // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is bi-quadratic or linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HRCAPFTHeat, // Curve index
+                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                                VRF(VRFNum).HRCAPFTHeat, // Curve index
                                                                 {1, 2},                  // Valid dimensions
                                                                 RoutineName,             // Routine name
                                                                 cCurrentModuleObject,    // Object Type
@@ -2432,7 +2510,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 VRF(VRFNum).HREIRFTHeat = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(43));
                 if (VRF(VRFNum).HREIRFTHeat > 0) {
                     // Verify Curve Object, only legal type is bi-quadratic or linear, quadratic, or cubic
-                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).HREIRFTHeat, // Curve index
+                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                                VRF(VRFNum).HREIRFTHeat, // Curve index
                                                                 {1, 2},                  // Valid dimensions
                                                                 RoutineName,             // Routine name
                                                                 cCurrentModuleObject,    // Object Type
@@ -2516,14 +2595,20 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating = rNumericArgs(6);
             if (VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling >= VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + " (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling, 3) +
-                                  ") must be less than maximum (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling, 3) + ").");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... {} ({:.3T}) must be less than maximum ({:.3T}).",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling,
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating >= VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + " (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating, 3) +
-                                  ") must be less than maximum (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating, 3) + ").");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... {} ({:.3T}) must be less than maximum ({:.3T}).",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(5),
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating,
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2550,14 +2635,20 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempHigh = rNumericArgs(14);
             if (VRF(VRFNum).IUEvapTempLow >= VRF(VRFNum).IUEvapTempHigh) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFieldNames(11) + " (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).IUEvapTempLow, 3) +
-                                  ") must be less than maximum (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).IUEvapTempHigh, 3) + ").");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... {} ({:.3T}) must be less than maximum ({:.3T}).",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(11),
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).IUEvapTempLow,
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).IUEvapTempHigh));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempLow >= VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempHigh) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFieldNames(13) + " (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempLow, 3) +
-                                  ") must be less than maximum (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempHigh, 3) + ").");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... {} ({:.3T}) must be less than maximum ({:.3T}).",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(13),
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempLow,
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempHigh));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2680,7 +2771,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 VRF(VRFNum).DefrostEIRPtr = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(10));
                 if (VRF(VRFNum).DefrostEIRPtr > 0) {
                     // Verify Curve Object, expected type is BiQuadratic
-                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).DefrostEIRPtr, // Curve index
+                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                                VRF(VRFNum).DefrostEIRPtr, // Curve index
                                                                 {2},                       // Valid dimensions
                                                                 RoutineName,               // Routine name
                                                                 cCurrentModuleObject,      // Object Type
@@ -2750,7 +2842,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 // Evaporating Capacity Curve
                 if (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd)) {
                     int indexOUEvapCapCurve = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd)); // convert curve name to index number
-                    if (indexOUEvapCapCurve == 0) {                                                    // Verify curve name and type
+                    if (indexOUEvapCapCurve == 0) {                                                           // Verify curve name and type
                         if (lAlphaFieldBlanks(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd)) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", missing");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...required " + cAlphaFieldNames(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd) + " is blank.");
@@ -2761,7 +2853,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                         }
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
-                        ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, indexOUEvapCapCurve,                             // Curve index
+                        ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                                    indexOUEvapCapCurve,                             // Curve index
                                                                     {2},                                             // Valid dimensions
                                                                     RoutineName,                                     // Routine name
                                                                     cCurrentModuleObject,                            // Object Type
@@ -2776,8 +2869,9 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
                 // Compressor Power Curve
                 if (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd + 1)) {
-                    int indexOUCompPwrCurve = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd + 1)); // convert curve name to index number
-                    if (indexOUCompPwrCurve == 0) {                                                        // Verify curve name and type
+                    int indexOUCompPwrCurve =
+                        GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd + 1)); // convert curve name to index number
+                    if (indexOUCompPwrCurve == 0) {                                         // Verify curve name and type
                         if (lAlphaFieldBlanks(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd + 1)) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", missing");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...required " + cAlphaFieldNames(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd + 1) + " is blank.");
@@ -2788,7 +2882,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                         }
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
-                        ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, indexOUCompPwrCurve,                                 // Curve index
+                        ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                                    indexOUCompPwrCurve,                                 // Curve index
                                                                     {2},                                                 // Valid dimensions
                                                                     RoutineName,                                         // Routine name
                                                                     cCurrentModuleObject,                                // Object Type
@@ -2881,43 +2976,52 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery = rNumericArgs(8);
             if (VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling >= VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + " (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling, 3) +
-                                  ") must be less than maximum (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling, 3) + ").");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... {} ({:.3T}) must be less than maximum ({:.3T}).",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling,
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating >= VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + " (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating, 3) +
-                                  ") must be less than maximum (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating, 3) + ").");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... {} ({:.3T}) must be less than maximum ({:.3T}).",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(5),
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating,
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery >= VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFieldNames(7) + " (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating, 3) +
-                                  ") must be less than maximum (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating, 3) + ").");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... {} ({:.3T}) must be less than maximum ({:.3T}).",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating,
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery < VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling && VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery < VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
                                  " is less than the minimum temperature in heat pump mode.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(7) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery, 2) + " C");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Outdoor Temperature in Cooling Mode = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling, 2) + " C");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Outdoor Temperature in Heating Mode = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating, 2) + " C");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} = {:.2T} C", cNumericFieldNames(7), VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum Outdoor Temperature in Cooling Mode = {:.2T} C", VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum Outdoor Temperature in Heating Mode = {:.2T} C", VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Outdoor Temperature in Heat Recovery Mode reset to lesser of cooling or heating minimum temperature "
                                   "and simulation continues.");
                 VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery = min(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATCooling, VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeating);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... adjusted " + cNumericFieldNames(7) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery, 2) + " C");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... adjusted {} = {:.2T} C", cNumericFieldNames(7), VRF(VRFNum).MinOATHeatRecovery));
             }
             if (VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery > VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling && VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery > VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(8) +
                                  " is greater than the maximum temperature in heat pump mode.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(8) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery, 2) + " C");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Outdoor Temperature in Cooling Mode = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling, 2) + " C");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Outdoor Temperature in Heating Mode = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating, 2) + " C");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} = {:.2T} C", cNumericFieldNames(8), VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum Outdoor Temperature in Cooling Mode = {:.2T} C", VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum Outdoor Temperature in Heating Mode = {:.2T} C", VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Outdoor Temperature in Heat Recovery Mode reset to greater of cooling or heating maximum temperature "
                                   "and simulation continues.");
                 VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery = max(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATCooling, VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeating);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... adjusted " + cNumericFieldNames(8) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery, 2) + " C");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... adjusted {} = {:.2T} C", cNumericFieldNames(8), VRF(VRFNum).MaxOATHeatRecovery));
             }
 
             // IU Control Type
@@ -2940,14 +3044,20 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempHigh = rNumericArgs(14);
             if (VRF(VRFNum).IUEvapTempLow >= VRF(VRFNum).IUEvapTempHigh) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFieldNames(11) + " (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).IUEvapTempLow, 3) +
-                                  ") must be less than maximum (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).IUEvapTempHigh, 3) + ").");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... {} ({:.3T}) must be less than maximum ({:.3T}).",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(11),
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).IUEvapTempLow,
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).IUEvapTempHigh));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempLow >= VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempHigh) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFieldNames(13) + " (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempLow, 3) +
-                                  ") must be less than maximum (" + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempHigh, 3) + ").");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... {} ({:.3T}) must be less than maximum ({:.3T}).",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(13),
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempLow,
+                                         VRF(VRFNum).IUCondTempHigh));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3086,7 +3196,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 VRF(VRFNum).DefrostEIRPtr = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(10));
                 if (VRF(VRFNum).DefrostEIRPtr > 0) {
                     // Verify Curve Object, expected type is BiQuadratic
-                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, VRF(VRFNum).DefrostEIRPtr, // Curve index
+                    ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                                VRF(VRFNum).DefrostEIRPtr, // Curve index
                                                                 {2},                       // Valid dimensions
                                                                 RoutineName,               // Routine name
                                                                 cCurrentModuleObject,      // Object Type
@@ -3146,7 +3257,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 // Evaporating Capacity Curve
                 if (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd)) {
                     int indexOUEvapCapCurve = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd)); // convert curve name to index number
-                    if (indexOUEvapCapCurve == 0) {                                                    // Verify curve name and type
+                    if (indexOUEvapCapCurve == 0) {                                                           // Verify curve name and type
                         if (lAlphaFieldBlanks(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd)) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", missing");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...required " + cAlphaFieldNames(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd) + " is blank.");
@@ -3157,7 +3268,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                         }
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
-                        ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, indexOUEvapCapCurve,                             // Curve index
+                        ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                                    indexOUEvapCapCurve,                             // Curve index
                                                                     {2},                                             // Valid dimensions
                                                                     RoutineName,                                     // Routine name
                                                                     cCurrentModuleObject,                            // Object Type
@@ -3172,8 +3284,9 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
                 // Compressor Power Curve
                 if (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd + 1)) {
-                    int indexOUCompPwrCurve = GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd + 1)); // convert curve name to index number
-                    if (indexOUCompPwrCurve == 0) {                                                        // Verify curve name and type
+                    int indexOUCompPwrCurve =
+                        GetCurveIndex(state, cAlphaArgs(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd + 1)); // convert curve name to index number
+                    if (indexOUCompPwrCurve == 0) {                                         // Verify curve name and type
                         if (lAlphaFieldBlanks(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd + 1)) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + VRF(VRFNum).Name + "\", missing");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...required " + cAlphaFieldNames(Count2Index + 2 * NumCompSpd + 1) + " is blank.");
@@ -3184,7 +3297,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                         }
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
-                        ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state, indexOUCompPwrCurve,                                 // Curve index
+                        ErrorsFound |= CurveManager::CheckCurveDims(state,
+                                                                    indexOUCompPwrCurve,                                 // Curve index
                                                                     {2},                                                 // Valid dimensions
                                                                     RoutineName,                                         // Routine name
                                                                     cCurrentModuleObject,                                // Object Type
@@ -3264,7 +3378,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 }
             }
 
-            VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFTUInletNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(state, cAlphaArgs(3),
+            VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFTUInletNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(state,
+                                                                  cAlphaArgs(3),
                                                                   ErrorsFound,
                                                                   cCurrentModuleObject,
                                                                   VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name,
@@ -3273,7 +3388,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                                                   1,
                                                                   ObjectIsParent);
 
-            VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFTUOutletNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(state, cAlphaArgs(4),
+            VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFTUOutletNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(state,
+                                                                   cAlphaArgs(4),
                                                                    ErrorsFound,
                                                                    cCurrentModuleObject,
                                                                    VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name,
@@ -4082,9 +4198,11 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             // Check VRF DX heating coil heating capacity as a fuction of temperature performance curve. Only report here for
                             // biquadratic curve type.
                             if (VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFSysNum > 0 && VRFTU(VRFTUNum).HeatCoilIndex > 0 &&
-                                state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(GetDXCoilCapFTCurveIndex(state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).HeatCoilIndex, ErrorsFound)).NumDims == 2) {
+                                state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(GetDXCoilCapFTCurveIndex(state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).HeatCoilIndex, ErrorsFound))
+                                        .NumDims == 2) {
                                 if (VRF(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFSysNum).HeatingPerformanceOATType == DataHVACGlobals::WetBulbIndicator) {
-                                    checkCurveIsNormalizedToOne(state,
+                                    checkCurveIsNormalizedToOne(
+                                        state,
                                         "GetDXCoils: " + DataHVACGlobals::cAllCoilTypes(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).DXHeatCoilType_Num),
                                         DXCoils::GetDXCoilName(state,
                                                                VRFTU(VRFTUNum).HeatCoilIndex,
@@ -4093,7 +4211,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                                                ObjexxFCL::Optional_bool_const()),
                                         GetDXCoilCapFTCurveIndex(state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).HeatCoilIndex, ErrorsFound),
                                         "Heating Capacity Ratio Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name",
-                                        CurveManager::GetCurveName(state, GetDXCoilCapFTCurveIndex(state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).HeatCoilIndex, ErrorsFound)),
+                                        CurveManager::GetCurveName(state,
+                                                                   GetDXCoilCapFTCurveIndex(state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).HeatCoilIndex, ErrorsFound)),
                                         RatedInletAirTempHeat,
                                         RatedOutdoorWetBulbTempHeat);
                                 } else if (VRF(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFSysNum).HeatingPerformanceOATType == DataHVACGlobals::DryBulbIndicator) {
@@ -4288,17 +4407,20 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                         // Get the supplemental heating coil steam max volume flow rate
-                        VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilFluidMaxFlow = SteamCoils::GetCoilMaxSteamFlowRate(state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilIndex, errFlag);
+                        VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilFluidMaxFlow =
+                            SteamCoils::GetCoilMaxSteamFlowRate(state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilIndex, errFlag);
                         if (VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilFluidMaxFlow > 0.0) {
                             int SteamIndex = 0; // fluid type index of 0 is passed if steam
                             Real64 TempSteamIn = 100.0;
-                            Real64 SteamDensity = FluidProperties::GetSatDensityRefrig(state, fluidNameSteam, TempSteamIn, 1.0, SteamIndex, RoutineName);
+                            Real64 SteamDensity =
+                                FluidProperties::GetSatDensityRefrig(state, fluidNameSteam, TempSteamIn, 1.0, SteamIndex, RoutineName);
                             VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilFluidMaxFlow =
                                 SteamCoils::GetCoilMaxSteamFlowRate(state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilIndex, errFlag) * SteamDensity;
                         }
                         // Get the supplemental heating coil air inlet node
                         errFlag = false;
-                        SuppHeatCoilAirInletNode = SteamCoils::GetCoilAirInletNode(state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilIndex, SuppHeatingCoilName, errFlag);
+                        SuppHeatCoilAirInletNode =
+                            SteamCoils::GetCoilAirInletNode(state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilIndex, SuppHeatingCoilName, errFlag);
                         VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilAirInletNode = SuppHeatCoilAirInletNode;
                         if (errFlag) {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name);
@@ -4306,7 +4428,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                         }
                         // Get the supplemental heating coil air outlet node
                         errFlag = false;
-                        SuppHeatCoilAirOutletNode = SteamCoils::GetCoilAirOutletNode(state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilIndex, SuppHeatingCoilName, errFlag);
+                        SuppHeatCoilAirOutletNode =
+                            SteamCoils::GetCoilAirOutletNode(state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilIndex, SuppHeatingCoilName, errFlag);
                         VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilAirOutletNode = SuppHeatCoilAirOutletNode;
                         if (errFlag) {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name);
@@ -4566,8 +4689,11 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
         //   warn when number of ZoneTerminalUnitList different from number of AirConditioner:VariableRefrigerantFlow
         if (NumVRFTULists != NumVRFCond) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "The number of AirConditioner:VariableRefrigerantFlow objects (" + TrimSigDigits(NumVRFCond) +
-                            ") does not match the number of ZoneTerminalUnitList objects (" + TrimSigDigits(NumVRFTULists) + ").");
+            ShowSevereError(state,
+                            format("The number of AirConditioner:VariableRefrigerantFlow objects ({}) does not match the number of "
+                                   "ZoneTerminalUnitList objects ({}).",
+                                   NumVRFCond,
+                                   NumVRFTULists));
             for (NumCond = 1; NumCond <= NumVRFCond; ++NumCond) {
                 if (VRF(NumCond).ZoneTUListPtr > 0) {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...AirConditioner:VariableRefrigerantFlow = " + VRF(NumCond).Name +
@@ -4587,13 +4713,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         // Set up output variables
         for (VRFNum = 1; VRFNum <= NumVRFTU; ++VRFNum) {
             if (VRFTU(VRFNum).CoolingCoilPresent) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Cooling Electricity Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Cooling Electricity Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).ParasiticCoolElecPower,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Cooling Electricity Energy",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Cooling Electricity Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).ParasiticElecCoolConsumption,
                                     "System",
@@ -4604,37 +4732,43 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                     "COOLING",
                                     _,
                                     "System");
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Total Cooling Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Total Cooling Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).TotalCoolingRate,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Sensible Cooling Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Sensible Cooling Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).SensibleCoolingRate,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Latent Cooling Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Latent Cooling Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).LatentCoolingRate,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Total Cooling Energy",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Total Cooling Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).TotalCoolingEnergy,
                                     "System",
                                     "Sum",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Sensible Cooling Energy",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Sensible Cooling Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).SensibleCoolingEnergy,
                                     "System",
                                     "Sum",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Latent Cooling Energy",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Latent Cooling Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).LatentCoolingEnergy,
                                     "System",
@@ -4642,13 +4776,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
             }
             if (VRFTU(VRFNum).HeatingCoilPresent) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Heating Electricity Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Heating Electricity Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).ParasiticHeatElecPower,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Heating Electricity Energy",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Heating Electricity Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).ParasiticElecHeatConsumption,
                                     "System",
@@ -4659,44 +4795,51 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                     "HEATING",
                                     _,
                                     "System");
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Total Heating Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Total Heating Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).TotalHeatingRate,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Sensible Heating Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Sensible Heating Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).SensibleHeatingRate,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Latent Heating Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Latent Heating Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).LatentHeatingRate,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Total Heating Energy",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Total Heating Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).TotalHeatingEnergy,
                                     "System",
                                     "Sum",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Sensible Heating Energy",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Sensible Heating Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).SensibleHeatingEnergy,
                                     "System",
                                     "Sum",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Latent Heating Energy",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "Zone VRF Air Terminal Latent Heating Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).LatentHeatingEnergy,
                                     "System",
                                     "Sum",
                                     VRFTU(VRFNum).Name);
             }
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone VRF Air Terminal Fan Availability Status",
+            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                "Zone VRF Air Terminal Fan Availability Status",
                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                 VRFTU(VRFNum).AvailStatus,
                                 "System",
@@ -4713,25 +4856,29 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         }
 
         for (NumCond = 1; NumCond <= NumVRFCond; ++NumCond) {
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Total Cooling Rate",
+            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Total Cooling Rate",
                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                 VRF(NumCond).TotalCoolingCapacity,
                                 "System",
                                 "Average",
                                 VRF(NumCond).Name);
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Total Heating Rate",
+            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Total Heating Rate",
                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                 VRF(NumCond).TotalHeatingCapacity,
                                 "System",
                                 "Average",
                                 VRF(NumCond).Name);
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Cooling " + VRF(NumCond).FuelType + " Rate",
+            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Cooling " + VRF(NumCond).FuelType + " Rate",
                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                 VRF(NumCond).ElecCoolingPower,
                                 "System",
                                 "Average",
                                 VRF(NumCond).Name);
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Cooling " + VRF(NumCond).FuelType + " Energy",
+            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Cooling " + VRF(NumCond).FuelType + " Energy",
                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                 VRF(NumCond).CoolElecConsumption,
                                 "System",
@@ -4742,13 +4889,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                 "COOLING",
                                 _,
                                 "System");
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Heating " + VRF(NumCond).FuelType + " Rate",
+            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Heating " + VRF(NumCond).FuelType + " Rate",
                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                 VRF(NumCond).ElecHeatingPower,
                                 "System",
                                 "Average",
                                 VRF(NumCond).Name);
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Heating " + VRF(NumCond).FuelType + " Energy",
+            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Heating " + VRF(NumCond).FuelType + " Energy",
                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                 VRF(NumCond).HeatElecConsumption,
                                 "System",
@@ -4761,86 +4910,110 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                 "System");
 
             SetupOutputVariable(state,
-                "VRF Heat Pump Cooling COP", OutputProcessor::Unit::None, VRF(NumCond).OperatingCoolingCOP, "System", "Average", VRF(NumCond).Name);
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Cooling COP",
+                                OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
+                                VRF(NumCond).OperatingCoolingCOP,
+                                "System",
+                                "Average",
+                                VRF(NumCond).Name);
             SetupOutputVariable(state,
-                "VRF Heat Pump Heating COP", OutputProcessor::Unit::None, VRF(NumCond).OperatingHeatingCOP, "System", "Average", VRF(NumCond).Name);
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump COP", OutputProcessor::Unit::None, VRF(NumCond).OperatingCOP, "System", "Average", VRF(NumCond).Name);
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Heating COP",
+                                OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
+                                VRF(NumCond).OperatingHeatingCOP,
+                                "System",
+                                "Average",
+                                VRF(NumCond).Name);
+            SetupOutputVariable(
+                state, "VRF Heat Pump COP", OutputProcessor::Unit::None, VRF(NumCond).OperatingCOP, "System", "Average", VRF(NumCond).Name);
 
             if (VRF(NumCond).VRFAlgorithmTypeNum == AlgorithmTypeFluidTCtrl) {
                 // For VRF_FluidTCtrl Model
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Compressor Electricity Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Compressor Electricity Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRF(NumCond).Ncomp,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Outdoor Unit Fan Power",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Outdoor Unit Fan Power",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRF(NumCond).OUFanPower,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Compressor Rotating Speed",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Compressor Rotating Speed",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::rev_min,
                                     VRF(NumCond).CompActSpeed,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Indoor Unit Evaporating Temperature",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Indoor Unit Evaporating Temperature",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     VRF(NumCond).IUEvaporatingTemp,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Outdoor Unit Condensing Temperature",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Outdoor Unit Condensing Temperature",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     VRF(NumCond).CondensingTemp,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Indoor Unit Condensing Temperature",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Indoor Unit Condensing Temperature",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     VRF(NumCond).IUCondensingTemp,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Outdoor Unit Evaporating Temperature",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Outdoor Unit Evaporating Temperature",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     VRF(NumCond).EvaporatingTemp,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Cooling Capacity at Max Compressor Speed",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Cooling Capacity at Max Compressor Speed",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRF(NumCond).CoolingCapacity,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Heating Capacity at Max Compressor Speed",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Heating Capacity at Max Compressor Speed",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRF(NumCond).HeatingCapacity,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Indoor Unit Piping Correction for Cooling",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Indoor Unit Piping Correction for Cooling",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     VRF(NumCond).PipingCorrectionCooling,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Indoor Unit Piping Correction for Heating",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Indoor Unit Piping Correction for Heating",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     VRF(NumCond).PipingCorrectionHeating,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Outdoor Unit Evaporator Heat Extract Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Outdoor Unit Evaporator Heat Extract Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRF(NumCond).OUEvapHeatRate,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Outdoor Unit Condenser Heat Release Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Outdoor Unit Condenser Heat Release Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRF(NumCond).OUCondHeatRate,
                                     "System",
@@ -4849,13 +5022,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
             } else {
                 // For VRF_SysCurve Model
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Maximum Capacity Cooling Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Maximum Capacity Cooling Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     MaxCoolingCapacity(NumCond),
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Maximum Capacity Heating Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Maximum Capacity Heating Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     MaxHeatingCapacity(NumCond),
                                     "System",
@@ -4865,13 +5040,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
             if (VRF(NumCond).DefrostStrategy == Resistive ||
                 (VRF(NumCond).DefrostStrategy == ReverseCycle && VRF(NumCond).FuelTypeNum == DataGlobalConstants::ResourceType::Electricity)) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Defrost Electricity Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Defrost Electricity Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRF(NumCond).DefrostPower,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Defrost Electricity Energy",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Defrost Electricity Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRF(NumCond).DefrostConsumption,
                                     "System",
@@ -4883,13 +5060,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                     _,
                                     "System");
             } else { // defrost energy applied to fuel type
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Defrost " + VRF(NumCond).FuelType + " Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Defrost " + VRF(NumCond).FuelType + " Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRF(NumCond).DefrostPower,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Defrost " + VRF(NumCond).FuelType + " Energy",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Defrost " + VRF(NumCond).FuelType + " Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRF(NumCond).DefrostConsumption,
                                     "System",
@@ -4902,29 +5081,47 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                     "System");
             }
 
+            SetupOutputVariable(
+                state, "VRF Heat Pump Part Load Ratio", OutputProcessor::Unit::None, VRF(NumCond).VRFCondPLR, "System", "Average", VRF(NumCond).Name);
             SetupOutputVariable(state,
-                "VRF Heat Pump Part Load Ratio", OutputProcessor::Unit::None, VRF(NumCond).VRFCondPLR, "System", "Average", VRF(NumCond).Name);
-            SetupOutputVariable(state,
-                "VRF Heat Pump Runtime Fraction", OutputProcessor::Unit::None, VRF(NumCond).VRFCondRTF, "System", "Average", VRF(NumCond).Name);
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Runtime Fraction",
+                                OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
+                                VRF(NumCond).VRFCondRTF,
+                                "System",
+                                "Average",
+                                VRF(NumCond).Name);
             SetupOutputVariable(state,
-                "VRF Heat Pump Cycling Ratio", OutputProcessor::Unit::None, VRF(NumCond).VRFCondCyclingRatio, "System", "Average", VRF(NumCond).Name);
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Cycling Ratio",
+                                OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
+                                VRF(NumCond).VRFCondCyclingRatio,
+                                "System",
+                                "Average",
+                                VRF(NumCond).Name);
 
             SetupOutputVariable(state,
-                "VRF Heat Pump Operating Mode", OutputProcessor::Unit::None, VRF(NumCond).OperatingMode, "System", "Average", VRF(NumCond).Name);
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Condenser Inlet Temperature",
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Operating Mode",
+                                OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
+                                VRF(NumCond).OperatingMode,
+                                "System",
+                                "Average",
+                                VRF(NumCond).Name);
+            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Condenser Inlet Temperature",
                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                 VRF(NumCond).CondenserInletTemp,
                                 "System",
                                 "Average",
                                 VRF(NumCond).Name);
 
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Crankcase Heater Electricity Rate",
+            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Crankcase Heater Electricity Rate",
                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                 VRF(NumCond).CrankCaseHeaterPower,
                                 "System",
                                 "Average",
                                 VRF(NumCond).Name);
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Crankcase Heater Electricity Energy",
+            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Crankcase Heater Electricity Energy",
                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                 VRF(NumCond).CrankCaseHeaterElecConsumption,
                                 "System",
@@ -4935,34 +5132,44 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                 "COOLING",
                                 _,
                                 "System");
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Terminal Unit Cooling Load Rate",
+            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Terminal Unit Cooling Load Rate",
                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                 VRF(NumCond).TUCoolingLoad,
                                 "System",
                                 "Average",
                                 VRF(NumCond).Name);
-            SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Terminal Unit Heating Load Rate",
+            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                "VRF Heat Pump Terminal Unit Heating Load Rate",
                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                 VRF(NumCond).TUHeatingLoad,
                                 "System",
                                 "Average",
                                 VRF(NumCond).Name);
             if (VRF(NumCond).HeatRecoveryUsed) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Heat Recovery Status Change Multiplier",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Heat Recovery Status Change Multiplier",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     VRF(NumCond).SUMultiplier,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Simultaneous Cooling and Heating Efficiency",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Simultaneous Cooling and Heating Efficiency",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::Btu_h_W,
                                     VRF(NumCond).SCHE,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
                 SetupOutputVariable(state,
-                    "VRF Heat Pump Heat Recovery Rate", OutputProcessor::Unit::W, VRF(NumCond).VRFHeatRec, "System", "Average", VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Heat Recovery Energy",
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Heat Recovery Rate",
+                                    OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
+                                    VRF(NumCond).VRFHeatRec,
+                                    "System",
+                                    "Average",
+                                    VRF(NumCond).Name);
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Heat Recovery Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRF(NumCond).VRFHeatEnergyRec,
                                     "System",
@@ -4976,7 +5183,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             }
 
             if (VRF(NumCond).CondenserType == DataHVACGlobals::EvapCooled) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Evaporative Condenser Water Use Volume",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Evaporative Condenser Water Use Volume",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::m3,
                                     VRF(NumCond).EvapWaterConsumpRate,
                                     "System",
@@ -4987,13 +5195,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                     "Cooling",
                                     _,
                                     "System");
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Evaporative Condenser Pump Electricity Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Evaporative Condenser Pump Electricity Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRF(NumCond).EvapCondPumpElecPower,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Evaporative Condenser Pump Electricity Energy",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Evaporative Condenser Pump Electricity Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRF(NumCond).EvapCondPumpElecConsumption,
                                     "System",
@@ -5006,13 +5216,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                     "System");
 
                 if (VRF(NumCond).BasinHeaterPowerFTempDiff > 0.0) {
-                    SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Basin Heater Electricity Rate",
+                    SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                        "VRF Heat Pump Basin Heater Electricity Rate",
                                         OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                         VRF(NumCond).BasinHeaterPower,
                                         "System",
                                         "Average",
                                         VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                    SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Basin Heater Electricity Energy",
+                    SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                        "VRF Heat Pump Basin Heater Electricity Energy",
                                         OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                         VRF(NumCond).BasinHeaterConsumption,
                                         "System",
@@ -5026,25 +5238,29 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 }
 
             } else if (VRF(NumCond).CondenserType == DataHVACGlobals::WaterCooled) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Condenser Outlet Temperature",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Condenser Outlet Temperature",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     VRF(NumCond).CondenserSideOutletTemp,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Condenser Mass Flow Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Condenser Mass Flow Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::kg_s,
                                     VRF(NumCond).WaterCondenserMassFlow,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Condenser Heat Transfer Rate",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Condenser Heat Transfer Rate",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     VRF(NumCond).QCondenser,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     VRF(NumCond).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "VRF Heat Pump Condenser Heat Transfer Energy",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    "VRF Heat Pump Condenser Heat Transfer Energy",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     VRF(NumCond).QCondEnergy,
                                     "System",
@@ -5090,8 +5306,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipList;
         using Fans::GetFanVolFlow;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using MixedAir::SimOAMixer;
         using PlantUtilities::InitComponentNodes;
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
@@ -5216,7 +5431,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                                         _,
                                                         _);
 
-                WaterCoils::SetCoilDesFlow(state, DataHVACGlobals::cAllCoilTypes(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilType_Num),
+                WaterCoils::SetCoilDesFlow(state,
+                                           DataHVACGlobals::cAllCoilTypes(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilType_Num),
                                            VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilName,
                                            VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow,
                                            errFlag);
@@ -5414,7 +5630,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             for (int OACompNum = 1; OACompNum <= state.dataAirLoop->OutsideAirSys(OASysNum).NumComponents; ++OACompNum) {
                                 if (!UtilityRoutines::SameString(state.dataAirLoop->OutsideAirSys(OASysNum).ComponentName(OACompNum),
                                                                  VRFTU(TUIndex).Name) ||
-                                    !UtilityRoutines::SameString(state.dataAirLoop->OutsideAirSys(OASysNum).ComponentType(OACompNum), cCurrentModuleObject))
+                                    !UtilityRoutines::SameString(state.dataAirLoop->OutsideAirSys(OASysNum).ComponentType(OACompNum),
+                                                                 cCurrentModuleObject))
                                     continue;
                                 VRFTU(TUIndex).airLoopNum = 0; // need air loop number here?
                                 VRFTU(TUIndex).isInOASys = true;
@@ -5486,7 +5703,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             for (int ZoneInSysIndex = 1; ZoneInSysIndex <= NumAirLoopZones; ++ZoneInSysIndex) {
                                 // zone inlet nodes for cooling
                                 if (state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(VRFTU(TUIndex).airLoopNum).NumZonesCooled > 0) {
-                                    if (state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(VRFTU(TUIndex).airLoopNum).TermUnitCoolInletNodes(ZoneInSysIndex) == -999) {
+                                    if (state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(VRFTU(TUIndex).airLoopNum).TermUnitCoolInletNodes(ZoneInSysIndex) ==
+                                        -999) {
                                         // the data structure for the zones inlet nodes has not been filled
                                         initLoadBasedControlFlowFracFlagReady = false;
                                     } else {
@@ -5500,7 +5718,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                 }
                                 // zone inlet nodes for heating
                                 if (state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(VRFTU(TUIndex).airLoopNum).NumZonesHeated > 0) {
-                                    if (state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(VRFTU(TUIndex).airLoopNum).TermUnitHeatInletNodes(ZoneInSysIndex) == -999) {
+                                    if (state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(VRFTU(TUIndex).airLoopNum).TermUnitHeatInletNodes(ZoneInSysIndex) ==
+                                        -999) {
                                         // the data structure for the zones inlet nodes has not been filled
                                         initLoadBasedControlFlowFracFlagReady = false;
                                     } else {
@@ -5956,9 +6175,11 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             MyEnvrnFlag(VRFTUNum) = false;
 
             if (VRF(VRFCond).CondenserType == DataHVACGlobals::WaterCooled) {
-                rho = GetDensityGlycol(
-                    state, PlantLoop(VRF(VRFCond).SourceLoopNum).FluidName, DataGlobalConstants::CWInitConvTemp(),
-                    PlantLoop(VRF(VRFCond).SourceLoopNum).FluidIndex, RoutineName);
+                rho = GetDensityGlycol(state,
+                                       PlantLoop(VRF(VRFCond).SourceLoopNum).FluidName,
+                                       DataGlobalConstants::CWInitConvTemp(),
+                                       PlantLoop(VRF(VRFCond).SourceLoopNum).FluidIndex,
+                                       RoutineName);
                 VRF(VRFCond).WaterCondenserDesignMassFlow = VRF(VRFCond).WaterCondVolFlowRate * rho;
 
                 InitComponentNodes(0.0,
@@ -6005,7 +6226,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                         if (CoilMaxVolFlowRate != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
                             int SteamIndex = 0; // fluid type index of 0 is passed if steam
                             Real64 TempSteamIn = 100.0;
-                            Real64 SteamDensity = FluidProperties::GetSatDensityRefrig(state, fluidNameSteam, TempSteamIn, 1.0, SteamIndex, RoutineName);
+                            Real64 SteamDensity =
+                                FluidProperties::GetSatDensityRefrig(state, fluidNameSteam, TempSteamIn, 1.0, SteamIndex, RoutineName);
                             VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilFluidMaxFlow = CoilMaxVolFlowRate * SteamDensity;
                         }
                     }
@@ -6127,10 +6349,11 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "InitVRF: VRF Terminal Unit = [" + DataHVACGlobals::cVRFTUTypes(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFTUType_Num) + ", \"" +
                                              VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name + "\"]");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "... has Supply Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation > Max Fan Volume Flow Rate, should be <=");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Supply Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow, 4) + " m3/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Max Fan Volume Flow Rate                      = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate, 4) + " m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("... Supply Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation = {:.4R} m3/s", VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("... Max Fan Volume Flow Rate                      = {:.4R} m3/s", VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate));
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 "...the supply air flow rate during cooling operation will be reduced to match and the simulation continues.");
                             VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow = VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate;
@@ -6140,10 +6363,12 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "InitVRF: VRF Terminal Unit = [" + DataHVACGlobals::cVRFTUTypes(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFTUType_Num) + ", \"" +
                                              VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name + "\"]");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "... has Supply Air Flow Rate When No Cooling is Needed > Max Fan Volume Flow Rate, should be <=");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Supply Air Flow Rate When No Cooling is Needed = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxNoCoolAirVolFlow, 4) + " m3/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Max Fan Volume Flow Rate                       = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate, 4) + " m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("... Supply Air Flow Rate When No Cooling is Needed = {:.4R} m3/s", VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxNoCoolAirVolFlow));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("... Max Fan Volume Flow Rate                       = {:.4R} m3/s", VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate));
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 "...the supply air flow rate when no cooling is needed will be reduced to match and the simulation continues.");
                             VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxNoCoolAirVolFlow = VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate;
@@ -6154,10 +6379,10 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                              VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name + "\"]");
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 "...The Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation exceeds the Supply Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow, 4) + " m3/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Supply Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow, 4) + " m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("...Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation = {:.4R} m3/s", VRFTU(VRFTUNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("... Supply Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation = {:.4R} m3/s", VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...the outdoor air flow rate will be reduced to match and the simulation continues.");
                             VRFTU(VRFTUNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow = VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow;
                         }
@@ -6166,10 +6391,11 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "InitVRF: VRF Terminal Unit = [" + DataHVACGlobals::cVRFTUTypes(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFTUType_Num) + ", \"" +
                                              VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name + "\"]");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "... has Supply Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation > Max Fan Volume Flow Rate, should be <=");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Supply Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow, 4) + " m3/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Max Fan Volume Flow Rate                      = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate, 4) + " m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("... Supply Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation = {:.4R} m3/s", VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("... Max Fan Volume Flow Rate                      = {:.4R} m3/s", VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate));
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 "...the supply air flow rate during cooling operation will be reduced to match and the simulation continues.");
                             VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow = VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate;
@@ -6179,10 +6405,12 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "InitVRF: VRF Terminal Unit = [" + DataHVACGlobals::cVRFTUTypes(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFTUType_Num) + ", \"" +
                                              VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name + "\"]");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "... has Supply Air Flow Rate When No Heating is Needed > Max Fan Volume Flow Rate, should be <=");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Supply Air Flow Rate When No Heating is Needed = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxNoHeatAirVolFlow, 4) + " m3/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Max Fan Volume Flow Rate                       = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate, 4) + " m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("... Supply Air Flow Rate When No Heating is Needed = {:.4R} m3/s", VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxNoHeatAirVolFlow));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("... Max Fan Volume Flow Rate                       = {:.4R} m3/s", VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate));
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 "...the supply air flow rate when no cooling is needed will be reduced to match and the simulation continues.");
                             VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxNoHeatAirVolFlow = VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate;
@@ -6193,10 +6421,10 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                              VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name + "\"]");
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 "...The Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation exceeds the Supply Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow, 4) + " m3/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Supply Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow, 4) + " m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("...Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation = {:.4R} m3/s", VRFTU(VRFTUNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("... Supply Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation = {:.4R} m3/s", VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...the outdoor air flow rate will be reduced to match and the simulation continues.");
                             VRFTU(VRFTUNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow = VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow;
                         }
@@ -6206,10 +6434,12 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                              VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name + "\"]");
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 "... has a Outdoor Air Flow Rate When No Cooling or Heating is Needed > Max Fan Volume Flow Rate, should be <=");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Outdoor Air Flow Rate When No Cooling or Heating is Needed = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow, 4) + " m3/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Max Fan Volume Flow Rate                                   = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate, 4) + " m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("... Outdoor Air Flow Rate When No Cooling or Heating is Needed = {:.4R} m3/s",
+                                                     VRFTU(VRFTUNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("... Max Fan Volume Flow Rate                                   = {:.4R} m3/s",
+                                                     VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...the outdoor air flow rate when no cooling or heating is needed will be reduced to match and the "
                                               "simulation continues.");
                             VRFTU(VRFTUNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow = VRFTU(VRFTUNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate;
@@ -6311,16 +6541,16 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...InitVRF: VRF Heat Pump Min/Max Operating Temperature in Cooling Mode Limits have been "
                                                       "exceeded and VRF system is disabled.");
                                     if (VRF(VRFCond).CondenserType == DataHVACGlobals::WaterCooled) {
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Outdoor Unit Inlet Water Temperature           = " +
-                                                          TrimSigDigits(OutsideDryBulbTemp, 3));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("... Outdoor Unit Inlet Water Temperature           = {:.3T}", OutsideDryBulbTemp));
                                     } else {
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Outdoor Unit Inlet Air Temperature                 = " +
-                                                          TrimSigDigits(OutsideDryBulbTemp, 3));
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state, format("... Outdoor Unit Inlet Air Temperature                 = {:.3T}", OutsideDryBulbTemp));
                                     }
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Cooling Minimum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = " +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFCond).MinOATCooling, 3));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Cooling Maximum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = " +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFCond).MaxOATCooling, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("... Cooling Minimum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = {:.3T}", VRF(VRFCond).MinOATCooling));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("... Cooling Maximum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = {:.3T}", VRF(VRFCond).MaxOATCooling));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Check VRF Heat Pump Min/Max Outdoor Temperature in Cooling Mode limits.");
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -6338,15 +6568,16 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...InitVRF: VRF Heat Pump Min/Max Operating Temperature in Cooling Mode Limits have been exceeded "
                                                   "and VRF system is disabled.");
                                 if (VRF(VRFCond).CondenserType == DataHVACGlobals::WaterCooled) {
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Outdoor Unit Inlet Water Temperature           = " + TrimSigDigits(OutsideDryBulbTemp, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("... Outdoor Unit Inlet Water Temperature           = {:.3T}", OutsideDryBulbTemp));
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Outdoor Unit Inlet Air Temperature                 = " +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(OutsideDryBulbTemp, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("... Outdoor Unit Inlet Air Temperature                 = {:.3T}", OutsideDryBulbTemp));
                                 }
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "... Cooling Minimum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = " +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFCond).MinOATCooling, 3));
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "... Cooling Maximum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = " +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFCond).MaxOATCooling, 3));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("... Cooling Minimum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = {:.3T}", VRF(VRFCond).MinOATCooling));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("... Cooling Maximum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = {:.3T}", VRF(VRFCond).MaxOATCooling));
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Check VRF Heat Pump Min/Max Outdoor Temperature in Cooling Mode limits.");
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cVRFTypes(VRF(VRFCond).VRFSystemTypeNum) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name +
@@ -6383,16 +6614,16 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...InitVRF: VRF Heat Pump Min/Max Operating Temperature in Heating Mode Limits have been "
                                                       "exceeded and VRF system is disabled.");
                                     if (VRF(VRFCond).CondenserType == DataHVACGlobals::WaterCooled) {
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Outdoor Unit Inlet Water Temperature           = " +
-                                                          TrimSigDigits(OutsideDryBulbTemp, 3));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("... Outdoor Unit Inlet Water Temperature           = {:.3T}", OutsideDryBulbTemp));
                                     } else {
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Outdoor Unit Inlet Air Temperature             = " +
-                                                          TrimSigDigits(OutsideDryBulbTemp, 3));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("... Outdoor Unit Inlet Air Temperature             = {:.3T}", OutsideDryBulbTemp));
                                     }
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Heating Minimum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = " +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFCond).MinOATHeating, 3));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Heating Maximum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = " +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFCond).MaxOATHeating, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("... Heating Minimum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = {:.3T}", VRF(VRFCond).MinOATHeating));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("... Heating Maximum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = {:.3T}", VRF(VRFCond).MaxOATHeating));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Check VRF Heat Pump Min/Max Outdoor Temperature in Heating Mode limits.");
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -6410,14 +6641,16 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...InitVRF: VRF Heat Pump Min/Max Operating Temperature in Heating Mode Limits have been exceeded "
                                                   "and VRF system is disabled.");
                                 if (VRF(VRFCond).CondenserType == DataHVACGlobals::WaterCooled) {
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Outdoor Unit Inlet Water Temperature           = " + TrimSigDigits(OutsideDryBulbTemp, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("... Outdoor Unit Inlet Water Temperature           = {:.3T}", OutsideDryBulbTemp));
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Outdoor Unit Inlet Air Temperature             = " + TrimSigDigits(OutsideDryBulbTemp, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("... Outdoor Unit Inlet Air Temperature             = {:.3T}", OutsideDryBulbTemp));
                                 }
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "... Heating Minimum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = " +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFCond).MinOATHeating, 3));
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "... Heating Maximum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = " +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFCond).MaxOATHeating, 3));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("... Heating Minimum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = {:.3T}", VRF(VRFCond).MinOATHeating));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("... Heating Maximum Outdoor Unit Inlet Temperature = {:.3T}", VRF(VRFCond).MaxOATHeating));
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Check VRF Heat Pump Min/Max Outdoor Temperature in Heating Mode limits.");
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cVRFTypes(VRF(VRFCond).VRFSystemTypeNum) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name +
@@ -6764,11 +6997,11 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, cVRFTypes(VRF(VRFCond).VRFSystemTypeNum) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name + "\".");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...InitVRF: VRF Heat Pump Min/Max Outdoor Temperature in Heat Recovery Mode Limits have been exceeded and "
                                           "VRF heat recovery is disabled.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Outdoor Dry-Bulb Temperature                       = " + TrimSigDigits(OutsideDryBulbTemp, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Heat Recovery Minimum Outdoor Dry-Bulb Temperature = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFCond).MinOATHeatRecovery, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Heat Recovery Maximum Outdoor Dry-Bulb Temperature = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFCond).MaxOATHeatRecovery, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Outdoor Dry-Bulb Temperature                       = {:.3T}", OutsideDryBulbTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("... Heat Recovery Minimum Outdoor Dry-Bulb Temperature = {:.3T}", VRF(VRFCond).MinOATHeatRecovery));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("... Heat Recovery Maximum Outdoor Dry-Bulb Temperature = {:.3T}", VRF(VRFCond).MaxOATHeatRecovery));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Check VRF Heat Pump Min/Max Outdoor Temperature in Heat Recovery Mode limits.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...the system will operate in heat pump mode when applicable.");
                     }
@@ -6820,7 +7053,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             } else {
                 if (VRF(VRFCond).HPOperatingModeErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, cVRFTypes(VRF(VRFCond).VRFSystemTypeNum) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name + "\".");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...InitVRF: Illegal HP operating mode = " + TrimSigDigits(VRF(VRFCond).EMSValueForHPOperatingMode, 0));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...InitVRF: Illegal HP operating mode = {:.0T}", VRF(VRFCond).EMSValueForHPOperatingMode));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...InitVRF: VRF HP operating mode will not be controlled by EMS.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cVRFTypes(VRF(VRFCond).VRFSystemTypeNum) + " \"" + VRF(VRFCond).Name +
@@ -6998,7 +7231,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         using DataHVACGlobals::CoolingCapacitySizing;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HeatingAirflowSizing;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HeatingCapacitySizing;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::RegisterPlantCompDesignFlow;
 
         static std::string const RoutineName("SizeVRF: "); // include trailing blank space
@@ -7497,10 +7730,12 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             if ((std::abs(CoolOutAirVolFlowDes - CoolOutAirVolFlowUser) / CoolOutAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVRF: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " +
                                             DataHVACGlobals::cVRFTUTypes(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFTUType_Num) + ' ' + VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(CoolOutAirVolFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(CoolOutAirVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation of {:.5R} [m3/s]", CoolOutAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                         CoolOutAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -7560,10 +7795,12 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             if ((std::abs(HeatOutAirVolFlowDes - HeatOutAirVolFlowUser) / HeatOutAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVRF: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " +
                                             DataHVACGlobals::cVRFTUTypes(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFTUType_Num) + ' ' + VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(HeatOutAirVolFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(HeatOutAirVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation of {:.5R} [m3/s]", HeatOutAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                         HeatOutAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -7631,10 +7868,13 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                 AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVRF: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " +
                                             DataHVACGlobals::cVRFTUTypes(VRFTU(VRFTUNum).VRFTUType_Num) + ' ' + VRFTU(VRFTUNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate When No Cooling or Heating is Needed of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate When No Cooling or Heating is Needed of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate When No Cooling or Heating is Needed of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                         NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate When No Cooling or Heating is Needed of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                           NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -7669,8 +7909,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
         if (VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilType_Num == DataHVACGlobals::Coil_HeatingWater) {
             bool ErrorsFound = false;
-            WaterCoils::SetCoilDesFlow(state,
-                VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilType, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilName, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow, ErrorsFound);
+            WaterCoils::SetCoilDesFlow(
+                state, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilType, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatCoilName, VRFTU(VRFTUNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow, ErrorsFound);
         }
 
         if (VRFTU(VRFTUNum).SuppHeatingCoilPresent) {
@@ -7785,10 +8025,10 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             if ((std::abs(CoolingCapacityDes - CoolingCapacityUser) / CoolingCapacityUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVRF: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + cVRFTypes(VRF(VRFCond).VRFSystemTypeNum) + ' ' +
                                             VRFTU(VRFCond).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Total Cooling Capacity (gross) of " + RoundSigDigits(CoolingCapacityUser, 2) +
-                                                  " [W]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Total Cooling Capacity (gross) of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(CoolingCapacityDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("User-Specified Rated Total Cooling Capacity (gross) of {:.2R} [W]", CoolingCapacityUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Rated Total Cooling Capacity (gross) of {:.2R} [W]", CoolingCapacityDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -7829,10 +8069,9 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             if ((std::abs(HeatingCapacityDes - HeatingCapacityUser) / HeatingCapacityUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVRF: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + cVRFTypes(VRF(VRFCond).VRFSystemTypeNum) + ' ' +
                                             VRFTU(VRFCond).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Total Heating Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(HeatingCapacityUser, 2) +
-                                                  " [W]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Total Heating Capacity of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(HeatingCapacityDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Rated Total Heating Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", HeatingCapacityUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Rated Total Heating Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", HeatingCapacityDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -7851,7 +8090,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             VRF(VRFCond).PipingCorrectionCooling = min(
                                 1.0,
                                 max(0.5,
-                                    CurveValue(state, VRF(VRFCond).PCFLengthCoolPtr, VRF(VRFCond).EquivPipeLngthCool, VRF(VRFCond).CoolingCombinationRatio) +
+                                    CurveValue(
+                                        state, VRF(VRFCond).PCFLengthCoolPtr, VRF(VRFCond).EquivPipeLngthCool, VRF(VRFCond).CoolingCombinationRatio) +
                                         VRF(VRFCond).VertPipeLngth * VRF(VRFCond).PCFHeightCool));
                         } else {
                             VRF(VRFCond).PipingCorrectionCooling =
@@ -7871,7 +8111,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             VRF(VRFCond).PipingCorrectionHeating = min(
                                 1.0,
                                 max(0.5,
-                                    CurveValue(state, VRF(VRFCond).PCFLengthHeatPtr, VRF(VRFCond).EquivPipeLngthHeat, VRF(VRFCond).HeatingCombinationRatio) +
+                                    CurveValue(
+                                        state, VRF(VRFCond).PCFLengthHeatPtr, VRF(VRFCond).EquivPipeLngthHeat, VRF(VRFCond).HeatingCombinationRatio) +
                                         VRF(VRFCond).VertPipeLngth * VRF(VRFCond).PCFHeightHeat));
                         } else {
                             VRF(VRFCond).PipingCorrectionHeating =
@@ -7958,10 +8199,10 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                         if ((std::abs(CoolingCapacityDes - CoolingCapacityUser) / CoolingCapacityUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeVRF: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + cVRFTypes(VRF(VRFCond).VRFSystemTypeNum) + ' ' +
                                         VRFTU(VRFCond).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Total Cooling Capacity (gross) of " + RoundSigDigits(CoolingCapacityUser, 2) +
-                                              " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Total Cooling Capacity (gross) of " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(CoolingCapacityDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("User-Specified Rated Total Cooling Capacity (gross) of {:.2R} [W]", CoolingCapacityUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("differs from Design Size Rated Total Cooling Capacity (gross) of {:.2R} [W]", CoolingCapacityDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -7969,9 +8210,9 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                         if ((std::abs(HeatingCapacityDes - HeatingCapacityUser) / HeatingCapacityUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeVRF: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + cVRFTypes(VRF(VRFCond).VRFSystemTypeNum) + ' ' +
                                         VRFTU(VRFCond).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Total Heating Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(HeatingCapacityUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Total Heating Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(HeatingCapacityDes, 2) +
-                                              " [W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Rated Total Heating Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", HeatingCapacityUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("differs from Design Size Rated Total Heating Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", HeatingCapacityDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -8009,10 +8250,10 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             if ((std::abs(DefrostCapacityDes - DefrostCapacityUser) / DefrostCapacityUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVRF: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + cVRFTypes(VRF(VRFCond).VRFSystemTypeNum) + ' ' +
                                             VRFTU(VRFCond).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(DefrostCapacityUser, 2) +
-                                                  " [W]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(DefrostCapacityDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("User-Specified Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", DefrostCapacityUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", DefrostCapacityDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -8046,10 +8287,11 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                 AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVRF: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + cVRFTypes(VRF(VRFCond).VRFSystemTypeNum) + ' ' +
                                             VRFTU(VRFCond).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(EvapCondAirVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(EvapCondAirVolFlowRateDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("User-Specified Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", EvapCondAirVolFlowRateUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Evaporative Condenser Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                         EvapCondAirVolFlowRateDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -8083,10 +8325,12 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             if ((std::abs(EvapCondPumpPowerDes - EvapCondPumpPowerUser) / EvapCondPumpPowerUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVRF: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + cVRFTypes(VRF(VRFCond).VRFSystemTypeNum) + ' ' +
                                             VRFTU(VRFCond).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Evaporative Condenser Pump Rated Power Consumption of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(EvapCondPumpPowerUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Evaporative Condenser Pump Rated Power Consumption of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(EvapCondPumpPowerDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("User-Specified Evaporative Condenser Pump Rated Power Consumption of {:.2R} [W]", EvapCondPumpPowerUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Evaporative Condenser Pump Rated Power Consumption of {:.2R} [W]",
+                                                         EvapCondPumpPowerDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -8173,8 +8417,11 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                                      this->WaterCondVolFlowRate);
                     }
 
-                    rho = FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol(
-                        state, PlantLoop(this->SourceLoopNum).FluidName, DataGlobalConstants::CWInitConvTemp(), PlantLoop(this->SourceLoopNum).FluidIndex, RoutineName);
+                    rho = FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol(state,
+                                                            PlantLoop(this->SourceLoopNum).FluidName,
+                                                            DataGlobalConstants::CWInitConvTemp(),
+                                                            PlantLoop(this->SourceLoopNum).FluidIndex,
+                                                            RoutineName);
                     this->WaterCondenserDesignMassFlow = this->WaterCondVolFlowRate * rho;
                     PlantUtilities::InitComponentNodes(0.0,
                                                        this->WaterCondenserDesignMassFlow,
@@ -8510,7 +8757,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, DataHVACGlobals::cVRFTUTypes(this->VRFTUType_Num) + " \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 format(" Iteration limit exceeded calculating terminal unit part-load ratio, maximum iterations = {}", MaxIte));
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Part-load ratio returned = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadRatio, 3));
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format(" Part-load ratio returned = {:.3R}", PartLoadRatio));
 
                             if (VRF(VRFCond).VRFAlgorithmTypeNum == AlgorithmTypeFluidTCtrl) {
                                 // Algorithm Type: VRF model based on physics, applicable for Fluid Temperature Control
@@ -8521,8 +8768,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                 this->CalcVRF(state, VRFTUNum, FirstHVACIteration, PartLoadRatio, TempOutput, OnOffAirFlowRatio, SuppHeatCoilLoad);
                             }
 
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " Load requested = " + General::TrimSigDigits(QZnReq, 5) +
-                                              ", Load delivered = " + General::TrimSigDigits(TempOutput, 5));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format(" Load requested = {:.5T}, Load delivered = {:.5T}", QZnReq, TempOutput));
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, DataHVACGlobals::cVRFTUTypes(this->VRFTUType_Num) + " \"" + this->Name +
                                                                "\" -- Terminal unit Iteration limit exceeded error continues...",
                                                            this->IterLimitExceeded);
@@ -9309,7 +9555,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                         }
                     } else {
                         // simulate OA Mixer
-                        if (VRFTU(TUIndex).OAMixerUsed) SimOAMixer(state, VRFTU(TUIndex).OAMixerName, FirstHVACIteration, VRFTU(TUIndex).OAMixerIndex);
+                        if (VRFTU(TUIndex).OAMixerUsed)
+                            SimOAMixer(state, VRFTU(TUIndex).OAMixerName, FirstHVACIteration, VRFTU(TUIndex).OAMixerIndex);
                     }
                 }
                 // identify a coil inlet temperature
@@ -10160,7 +10407,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         using FluidProperties::GetSupHeatTempRefrig;
         using FluidProperties::RefrigData;
         using General::SolveRoot;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
         using Psychrometrics::RhoH2O;
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
@@ -10451,8 +10698,9 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             Psuction = Pevap;
             Tsuction = this->IUEvaporatingTemp; // GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state,  this->RefrigerantName, max( min( Psuction, RefPHigh ), RefPLow ),
                                                 // RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName );
-            this->EvaporatingTemp = this->IUEvaporatingTemp; // GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state,  this->RefrigerantName, max( min( Pevap, RefPHigh ), RefPLow
-                                                             // ), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName );
+            this->EvaporatingTemp =
+                this->IUEvaporatingTemp; // GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state,  this->RefrigerantName, max( min( Pevap, RefPHigh ), RefPLow
+                                         // ), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName );
 
             // Condenser (OU side) operation ranges
             CapMaxPc = min(Psuction + this->CompMaxDeltaP, RefMaxPc);
@@ -10474,10 +10722,11 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
             // Initialization for h_IU_evap_in iterations (Label12)
             h_IU_evap_in_low =
-                GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, OutdoorDryBulb - this->SC, 0.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);         // Tc = Tamb
-            h_IU_evap_in_up = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, CapMaxTc - this->SC, 0.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName); // Tc = CapMaxTc
-            h_IU_evap_in =
-                GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, OutdoorDryBulb + 10 - this->SC, 0.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName); // Tc = Tamb+10
+                GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, OutdoorDryBulb - this->SC, 0.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName); // Tc = Tamb
+            h_IU_evap_in_up =
+                GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, CapMaxTc - this->SC, 0.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName); // Tc = CapMaxTc
+            h_IU_evap_in = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(
+                state, this->RefrigerantName, OutdoorDryBulb + 10 - this->SC, 0.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName); // Tc = Tamb+10
 
             NumIteHIUIn = 1;
         Label12:;
@@ -10511,7 +10760,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                         TUIndex = TerminalUnitList(TUListNum).ZoneTUPtr(NumTU);
                         CoolCoilIndex = VRFTU(TUIndex).CoolCoilIndex;
 
-                        RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pevap, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+                        RefTSat =
+                            GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pevap, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
                         h_IU_evap_out_i = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
                                                                    this->RefrigerantName,
                                                                    max(RefTSat, this->IUEvaporatingTemp + DXCoil(CoolCoilIndex).ActualSH),
@@ -10534,7 +10784,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                     h_IU_evap_out = h_IU_evap_out / m_ref_IU_evap;
                     SH_IU_merged = SH_IU_merged / m_ref_IU_evap;
                 } else {
-                    RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pevap, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+                    RefTSat =
+                        GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pevap, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
                     h_IU_evap_out = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
                                                              this->RefrigerantName,
                                                              max(RefTSat, this->IUEvaporatingTemp + 3),
@@ -10547,10 +10798,17 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             }
 
             // *Calculate piping loss
-            this->VRFOU_PipeLossC(
-                state, m_ref_IU_evap, max(min(Pevap, RefPHigh), RefPLow), h_IU_evap_out, SH_IU_merged, OutdoorDryBulb, Pipe_Q_c, Pipe_DeltP_c, h_comp_in);
-            Tsuction =
-                GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pevap - Pipe_DeltP_c, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+            this->VRFOU_PipeLossC(state,
+                                  m_ref_IU_evap,
+                                  max(min(Pevap, RefPHigh), RefPLow),
+                                  h_IU_evap_out,
+                                  SH_IU_merged,
+                                  OutdoorDryBulb,
+                                  Pipe_Q_c,
+                                  Pipe_DeltP_c,
+                                  h_comp_in);
+            Tsuction = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(
+                state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pevap - Pipe_DeltP_c, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
             Psuction = Pevap - Pipe_DeltP_c; // This Psuction is used for rps > min; will be updated for rps = min
 
             // Perform iteration to calculate T_comp_in
@@ -10623,7 +10881,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             }
 
             // Update h_IU_evap_in in iterations Label12
-            h_IU_evap_in_new = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, this->CondensingTemp - this->SC, 0.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+            h_IU_evap_in_new =
+                GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, this->CondensingTemp - this->SC, 0.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
             if ((std::abs(h_IU_evap_in - h_IU_evap_in_new) > Tolerance * h_IU_evap_in) && (h_IU_evap_in < h_IU_evap_in_up) &&
                 (h_IU_evap_in > h_IU_evap_in_low)) {
                 h_IU_evap_in = h_IU_evap_in_new;
@@ -10649,7 +10908,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             Tdischarge = this->CondensingTemp; // outdoor unit condensing temperature
             this->CoolingCapacity =
                 this->CoffEvapCap * this->RatedEvapCapacity *
-                CurveValue(state, this->OUCoolingCAPFT(NumOfCompSpdInput), Tdischarge, Tsuction); // Include the piping loss, at the highest compressor speed
+                CurveValue(
+                    state, this->OUCoolingCAPFT(NumOfCompSpdInput), Tdischarge, Tsuction); // Include the piping loss, at the highest compressor speed
             this->PipingCorrectionCooling = TU_CoolingLoad / (TU_CoolingLoad + Pipe_Q_c);
             MaxCoolingCapacity(VRFCond) = this->CoolingCapacity; // for report, maximum evaporating capacity of the system
 
@@ -10675,16 +10935,18 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
             // Evaporative capacity ranges_Max
             CapMaxTe = OutdoorDryBulb - this->SH;
-            CompEvaporatingCAPSpdMax =
-                this->CoffEvapCap * this->RatedEvapCapacity * CurveValue(state, this->OUCoolingCAPFT(NumOfCompSpdInput), this->IUCondensingTemp, CapMaxTe);
-            CompEvaporatingPWRSpdMax = this->RatedCompPower * CurveValue(state, this->OUCoolingPWRFT(NumOfCompSpdInput), this->IUCondensingTemp, CapMaxTe);
+            CompEvaporatingCAPSpdMax = this->CoffEvapCap * this->RatedEvapCapacity *
+                                       CurveValue(state, this->OUCoolingCAPFT(NumOfCompSpdInput), this->IUCondensingTemp, CapMaxTe);
+            CompEvaporatingPWRSpdMax =
+                this->RatedCompPower * CurveValue(state, this->OUCoolingPWRFT(NumOfCompSpdInput), this->IUCondensingTemp, CapMaxTe);
 
             // Initialization of h_comp_out iterations (Label23)
             Pcond = GetSatPressureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, 40.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
             RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, Pcond, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
             h_IU_cond_in_up = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(
                 state, this->RefrigerantName, max(RefTSat, min(this->IUCondensingTemp + 50, RefTHigh)), Pcond, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
-            h_IU_cond_in_low = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, this->IUCondensingTemp, 1.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName); // Quality=1
+            h_IU_cond_in_low =
+                GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, this->IUCondensingTemp, 1.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName); // Quality=1
             h_IU_cond_in = h_IU_cond_in_low;
 
         Label23:;
@@ -10699,12 +10961,13 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 Q_h_TU_PL = CompEvaporatingCAPSpdMax;
                 TU_HeatingLoad = CompEvaporatingCAPSpdMax;
                 this->TUHeatingLoad = TU_HeatingLoad;
-                h_IU_cond_out = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
-                                                     this->RefrigerantName,
-                                                     GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName) - 5.0,
-                                                     0.0,
-                                                     RefrigerantIndex,
-                                                     RoutineName); // Quality=0
+                h_IU_cond_out = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(
+                    state,
+                    this->RefrigerantName,
+                    GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName) - 5.0,
+                    0.0,
+                    RefrigerantIndex,
+                    RoutineName); // Quality=0
                 h_IU_cond_out_ave = h_IU_cond_out;
                 SC_IU_merged = 5;
                 m_ref_IU_cond = TU_HeatingLoad / (h_IU_cond_in - h_IU_cond_out);
@@ -10714,13 +10977,14 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                     if (TerminalUnitList(TUListNum).TotalHeatLoad(NumTU) > 0) {
                         TUIndex = TerminalUnitList(TUListNum).ZoneTUPtr(NumTU);
                         HeatCoilIndex = VRFTU(TUIndex).HeatCoilIndex;
-                        h_IU_cond_out_i = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
-                                                               this->RefrigerantName,
-                                                               GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName) -
-                                                                   DXCoil(HeatCoilIndex).ActualSC,
-                                                               0.0,
-                                                               RefrigerantIndex,
-                                                               RoutineName); // Quality=0
+                        h_IU_cond_out_i = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(
+                            state,
+                            this->RefrigerantName,
+                            GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName) -
+                                DXCoil(HeatCoilIndex).ActualSC,
+                            0.0,
+                            RefrigerantIndex,
+                            RoutineName); // Quality=0
                         m_ref_IU_cond_i = (TerminalUnitList(TUListNum).TotalHeatLoad(NumTU) <= 0.0)
                                               ? 0.0
                                               : (TerminalUnitList(TUListNum).TotalHeatLoad(NumTU) / (h_IU_cond_in - h_IU_cond_out_i));
@@ -10733,12 +10997,14 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                     h_IU_cond_out_ave = h_IU_cond_out_ave / m_ref_IU_cond; // h_merge
                     SC_IU_merged = SC_IU_merged / m_ref_IU_cond;
                 } else {
-                    h_IU_cond_out_ave = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
-                                                             this->RefrigerantName,
-                                                             GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName) - 5.0,
-                                                             0.0,
-                                                             RefrigerantIndex,
-                                                             RoutineName); // Quality=0
+                    h_IU_cond_out_ave = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(
+                        state,
+                        this->RefrigerantName,
+                        GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName) -
+                            5.0,
+                        0.0,
+                        RefrigerantIndex,
+                        RoutineName); // Quality=0
                     SC_IU_merged = 5;
                     m_ref_IU_cond = TU_HeatingLoad / (h_IU_cond_in - h_IU_cond_out_ave);
                 }
@@ -10749,7 +11015,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 state, m_ref_IU_cond, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), h_IU_cond_in, OutdoorDryBulb, Pipe_Q_h, Pipe_DeltP_h, h_comp_out);
 
             Pdischarge = max(Pcond + Pipe_DeltP_h, Pcond); // affected by piping loss
-            Tdischarge = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pdischarge, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+            Tdischarge =
+                GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pdischarge, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
 
             // Evaporative capacity ranges_Min
             CapMinPe = min(Pdischarge - this->CompMaxDeltaP, RefMinPe);
@@ -10762,10 +11029,19 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
             // *Calculate capacity modification factor
             RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(CapMinPe, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
-            h_comp_in = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(
-                state, this->RefrigerantName, max(RefTSat, CapMinTe + this->SH), max(min(CapMinPe, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
-            C_cap_operation = this->VRFOU_CapModFactor(
-                state, h_comp_in, h_IU_cond_out_ave, max(min(CapMinPe, RefPHigh), RefPLow), CapMinTe + this->SH, CapMinTe + 8, this->IUCondensingTemp - 5);
+            h_comp_in = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
+                                                 this->RefrigerantName,
+                                                 max(RefTSat, CapMinTe + this->SH),
+                                                 max(min(CapMinPe, RefPHigh), RefPLow),
+                                                 RefrigerantIndex,
+                                                 RoutineName);
+            C_cap_operation = this->VRFOU_CapModFactor(state,
+                                                       h_comp_in,
+                                                       h_IU_cond_out_ave,
+                                                       max(min(CapMinPe, RefPHigh), RefPLow),
+                                                       CapMinTe + this->SH,
+                                                       CapMinTe + 8,
+                                                       this->IUCondensingTemp - 5);
 
             if ((Q_c_OU * C_cap_operation) <= CompEvaporatingCAPSpdMin) {
                 // Required heating load is smaller than the min heating capacity
@@ -10822,7 +11098,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
                 // Update h_comp_out in iteration Label23
                 P_comp_in = GetSatPressureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, this->EvaporatingTemp, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
-                RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(P_comp_in, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+                RefTSat =
+                    GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(P_comp_in, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
                 h_comp_in_new = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
                                                          this->RefrigerantName,
                                                          max(RefTSat, this->SH + this->EvaporatingTemp),
@@ -10850,7 +11127,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             Tsuction = this->EvaporatingTemp; // Outdoor unit evaporating temperature
             this->HeatingCapacity =
                 this->CoffEvapCap * this->RatedEvapCapacity * CurveValue(state, this->OUCoolingCAPFT(NumOfCompSpdInput), Tdischarge, Tsuction) +
-                this->RatedCompPower * CurveValue(state, this->OUCoolingPWRFT(NumOfCompSpdInput),
+                this->RatedCompPower * CurveValue(state,
+                                                  this->OUCoolingPWRFT(NumOfCompSpdInput),
                                                   Tdischarge,
                                                   Tsuction); // Include the piping loss, at the highest compressor speed
             this->PipingCorrectionHeating = TU_HeatingLoad / (TU_HeatingLoad + Pipe_Q_h);
@@ -10897,8 +11175,12 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 Pcond = GetSatPressureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, this->IUCondensingTemp, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
                 Real64 Pcond_temp = GetSatPressureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, 40.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
                 RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, Pcond_temp, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
-                h_IU_cond_in_up = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(
-                    state, this->RefrigerantName, max(RefTSat, min(this->IUCondensingTemp + 50, RefTHigh)), Pcond_temp, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+                h_IU_cond_in_up = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
+                                                           this->RefrigerantName,
+                                                           max(RefTSat, min(this->IUCondensingTemp + 50, RefTHigh)),
+                                                           Pcond_temp,
+                                                           RefrigerantIndex,
+                                                           RoutineName);
                 h_IU_cond_in_low =
                     GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, this->IUCondensingTemp, 1.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName); // Quality=1
                 h_IU_cond_in = h_IU_cond_in_low;
@@ -10914,7 +11196,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 if (TerminalUnitList(TUListNum).TotalHeatLoad(NumTU) > 0) {
                     TUIndex = TerminalUnitList(TUListNum).ZoneTUPtr(NumTU);
                     HeatCoilIndex = VRFTU(TUIndex).HeatCoilIndex;
-                    h_IU_cond_out_i = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
+                    h_IU_cond_out_i = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(
+                        state,
                         this->RefrigerantName,
                         GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName) -
                             DXCoil(HeatCoilIndex).ActualSC,
@@ -10933,7 +11216,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 h_IU_cond_out_ave = h_IU_cond_out_ave / m_ref_IU_cond;
                 SC_IU_merged = SC_IU_merged / m_ref_IU_cond;
             } else {
-                h_IU_cond_out_ave = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
+                h_IU_cond_out_ave = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(
+                    state,
                     this->RefrigerantName,
                     GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName) - 5.0,
                     0.0,
@@ -10947,7 +11231,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             this->VRFOU_PipeLossH(
                 state, m_ref_IU_cond, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), h_IU_cond_in, OutdoorDryBulb, Pipe_Q_h, Pipe_DeltP_h, h_comp_out);
             Pdischarge = max(Pcond + Pipe_DeltP_h, Pcond); // affected by piping loss
-            Tdischarge = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pdischarge, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+            Tdischarge =
+                GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pdischarge, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
             Q_h_TU_PL = TU_HeatingLoad + Pipe_Q_h;
 
             // *PL-c: Calculate total IU refrigerant flow rate and SH_IU_merged
@@ -10960,7 +11245,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                     TUIndex = TerminalUnitList(TUListNum).ZoneTUPtr(NumTU);
                     CoolCoilIndex = VRFTU(TUIndex).CoolCoilIndex;
 
-                    RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pevap, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+                    RefTSat =
+                        GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pevap, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
                     h_IU_evap_out_i = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
                                                                this->RefrigerantName,
                                                                max(RefTSat, this->IUEvaporatingTemp + DXCoil(CoolCoilIndex).ActualSH),
@@ -10995,8 +11281,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             }
 
             // *PL-c: Calculate piping loss
-            this->VRFOU_PipeLossC(
-                state, m_ref_IU_evap, max(min(Pevap, RefPHigh), RefPLow), h_IU_evap_out, SH_IU_merged, OutdoorDryBulb, Pipe_Q_c, Pipe_DeltP_c, h_IU_PLc_out);
+            this->VRFOU_PipeLossC(state,
+                                  m_ref_IU_evap,
+                                  max(min(Pevap, RefPHigh), RefPLow),
+                                  h_IU_evap_out,
+                                  SH_IU_merged,
+                                  OutdoorDryBulb,
+                                  Pipe_Q_c,
+                                  Pipe_DeltP_c,
+                                  h_IU_PLc_out);
             Psuction = min(Pevap - Pipe_DeltP_c, Pevap); // This Psuction is used for rps > min; will be updated for rps = min
             Tsuction = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Psuction, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
             h_comp_in = h_IU_PLc_out;
@@ -11170,11 +11463,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                                 if (this->DefrostHeatErrorIndex == 0) {
                                     ShowSevereMessage(state, cVRFTypes(VRF_HeatPump) + " \"" + this->Name + "\":");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, " Defrost Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative (" +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(DefrostEIRTempModFac, 3) + ").");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an outdoor air dry-bulb temperature of " +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(OutdoorDryBulb, 1) + " C and an average indoor air wet-bulb temperature of " +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(InletAirWetBulbC, 1) + " C.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format(" Defrost Energy Input Ratio Modifier curve (function of temperature) output is negative ({:.3T}).",
+                                               DefrostEIRTempModFac));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format(" Negative value occurs using an outdoor air dry-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C and an "
+                                                             "average indoor air wet-bulb temperature of {:.1T} C.",
+                                                             OutdoorDryBulb,
+                                                             InletAirWetBulbC));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, ccSimPlantEquipTypes(TypeOf_HeatPumpVRF) + " \"" + this->Name +
@@ -11484,9 +11781,9 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         // Use RegulaFalsi technique to iterate on part-load ratio until convergence is achieved.
 
         using DataEnvironment::OutDryBulbTemp;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
@@ -11697,12 +11994,12 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             ShowWarningMessage(state, DataHVACGlobals::cVRFTUTypes(this->VRFTUType_Num) + " \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 format(" Iteration limit exceeded calculating terminal unit part-load ratio, maximum iterations = {}", MaxIte));
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Part-load ratio returned = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadRatio, 3));
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format(" Part-load ratio returned = {:.3R}", PartLoadRatio));
 
                             this->CalcVRF_FluidTCtrl(
                                 state, VRFTUNum, FirstHVACIteration, TempMinPLR, TempOutput, OnOffAirFlowRatio, SuppHeatCoilLoad);
 
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " Load requested = " + TrimSigDigits(QZnReq, 5) + ", Load delivered = " + TrimSigDigits(TempOutput, 5));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format(" Load requested = {:.5T}, Load delivered = {:.5T}", QZnReq, TempOutput));
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, DataHVACGlobals::cVRFTUTypes(this->VRFTUType_Num) + " \"" + this->Name +
                                                                "\" -- Terminal unit Iteration limit exceeded error continues...",
                                                            this->IterLimitExceeded);
@@ -12295,7 +12592,6 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         // METHODOLOGY EMPLOYED:
         //        This is part of the physics based VRF model applicable for Fluid Temperature Control.
         //
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         Real64 BF;              // VRF OU bypass  [-]
         Real64 deltaT;          // Difference between Te/Tc and air temperature at coil surface [C]
@@ -12310,9 +12606,9 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
             if (m_air <= 0) {
                 TeTc = this->CondensingTemp;
-                ShowSevereMessage(state, " Unreasonable outdoor unit airflow rate (" + TrimSigDigits(m_air, 3) + " ) for \"" + this->Name + "\":");
+                ShowSevereMessage(state, format(" Unreasonable outdoor unit airflow rate ({:.3T} ) for \"{}\":", m_air, this->Name));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " This cannot be used to calculate outdoor unit refrigerant temperature.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Default condensing temperature is used: " + TrimSigDigits(TeTc, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Default condensing temperature is used: {:.3T}", TeTc));
             }
 
             BF = this->RateBFOUCond; // 0.219;
@@ -12328,9 +12624,9 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
             if (m_air <= 0) {
                 TeTc = this->EvaporatingTemp;
-                ShowSevereMessage(state, " Unreasonable outdoor unit airflow rate (" + TrimSigDigits(m_air, 3) + " ) for \"" + this->Name + "\":");
+                ShowSevereMessage(state, format(" Unreasonable outdoor unit airflow rate ({:.3T} ) for \"{}\":", m_air, this->Name));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " This cannot be used to calculate outdoor unit refrigerant temperature.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " Default condensing temperature is used: " + TrimSigDigits(TeTc, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" Default condensing temperature is used: {:.3T}", TeTc));
             }
 
             BF = this->RateBFOUEvap; // 0.45581;
@@ -12379,7 +12675,6 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         //        This is part of the physics based VRF model applicable for Fluid Temperature Control.
 
         using DataEnvironment::OutBaroPress;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         Real64 BF;              // VRF OU bypass [-]
         Real64 deltaT;          // Difference between Te/Tc and air temperature at coil surface [C]
@@ -12395,7 +12690,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         if (OperationMode == FlagCondMode) {
             // IU Cooling: OperationMode 0
             if (m_air <= 0) {
-                ShowSevereMessage(state, " Unreasonable outdoor unit airflow rate (" + TrimSigDigits(m_air, 3) + " ) for \"" + this->Name + "\":");
+                ShowSevereMessage(state, format(" Unreasonable outdoor unit airflow rate ({:.3T} ) for \"{}\":", m_air, this->Name));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " This cannot be used to calculate outdoor unit capacity.");
             }
 
@@ -12408,7 +12703,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         } else if (OperationMode == FlagEvapMode) {
             // IU Heating: OperationMode 1
             if (m_air <= 0) {
-                ShowSevereMessage(state, " Unreasonable outdoor unit airflow rate (" + TrimSigDigits(m_air, 3) + " ) for \"" + this->Name + "\":");
+                ShowSevereMessage(state, format(" Unreasonable outdoor unit airflow rate ({:.3T} ) for \"{}\":", m_air, this->Name));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " This cannot be used to calculate outdoor unit capacity.");
             }
 
@@ -12464,7 +12759,6 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         //        This is part of the physics based VRF model applicable for Fluid Temperature Control.
 
         using DataEnvironment::OutBaroPress;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         Real64 BF;              // VRF OU bypass [-]
         Real64 deltaT;          // Difference between Te/Tc and air temperature at coil surface [C]
@@ -12543,7 +12837,6 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         //        This is part of the physics based VRF model applicable for Fluid Temperature Control.
 
         using DataEnvironment::OutBaroPress;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         Real64 BF;              // VRF OU bypass [-]
         Real64 deltaT;          // Difference between Te/Tc and air temperature at coil surface [C]
@@ -12560,7 +12853,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         if (OperationMode == FlagCondMode) {
             // Cooling: OperationMode 0
             if (m_air <= 0) {
-                ShowSevereMessage(state, " Unreasonable outdoor unit airflow rate (" + TrimSigDigits(m_air, 3) + " ) for \"" + this->Name + "\":");
+                ShowSevereMessage(state, format(" Unreasonable outdoor unit airflow rate ({:.3T} ) for \"{}\":", m_air, this->Name));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " This cannot be used to calculate outdoor unit subcooling.");
             }
 
@@ -12578,7 +12871,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         } else if (OperationMode == FlagEvapMode) {
             // Heating: OperationMode 1
             if (m_air <= 0) {
-                ShowSevereMessage(state, " Unreasonable outdoor unit airflow rate (" + TrimSigDigits(m_air, 3) + " ) for \"" + this->Name + "\":");
+                ShowSevereMessage(state, format(" Unreasonable outdoor unit airflow rate ({:.3T} ) for \"{}\":", m_air, this->Name));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " This cannot be used to calculate outdoor unit super heating.");
             }
 
@@ -12664,7 +12957,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, P_evap_real, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
 
         // Enthalpy at rated conditions
-        h_evap_out_rate = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(RefTSat, T_comp_in_rate), P_evap_real, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+        h_evap_out_rate =
+            GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(RefTSat, T_comp_in_rate), P_evap_real, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
         h_evap_in_rate = GetSatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, T_cond_out_rate, 0.0, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
 
         // Density calculations
@@ -12805,14 +13099,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         } else {
             Pipe_SH_merged = this->SH;
             RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, Pe_update, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
-            Pipe_h_IU_out =
-                GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(RefTSat, Te_update + Pipe_SH_merged), Pe_update, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+            Pipe_h_IU_out = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(
+                state, this->RefrigerantName, max(RefTSat, Te_update + Pipe_SH_merged), Pe_update, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
         }
 
         // Re-calculate piping loss
         this->VRFOU_PipeLossC(state, Pipe_m_ref, Pe_update, Pipe_h_IU_out, Pipe_SH_merged, OutdoorDryBulb, Pipe_Q, Pipe_DeltP, Pipe_h_comp_in);
 
-        Tsuction = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pe_update - Pipe_DeltP, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+        Tsuction =
+            GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pe_update - Pipe_DeltP, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
 
         if ((std::abs(Tsuction - Te_low) > 0.5) && (Te_update < Te_up) && (Te_update > Te_low) && (NumTeIte < MaxNumTeIte)) {
             Te_update = Te_update - 0.1;
@@ -12896,8 +13191,14 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
         // variable initializations: system operational parameters
         P_suction = GetSatPressureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, T_suction, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
-        T_comp_in = GetSupHeatTempRefrig(
-            state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(P_suction, RefPHigh), RefPLow), h_comp_in, T_suction + 3, T_suction + 30, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+        T_comp_in = GetSupHeatTempRefrig(state,
+                                         this->RefrigerantName,
+                                         max(min(P_suction, RefPHigh), RefPLow),
+                                         h_comp_in,
+                                         T_suction + 3,
+                                         T_suction + 30,
+                                         RefrigerantIndex,
+                                         RoutineName);
         SH_Comp = T_comp_in - T_suction;
 
         // Calculate capacity modification factor
@@ -13081,8 +13382,14 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
         // variable initializations: system operational parameters
         P_suction = GetSatPressureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, T_suction, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
-        T_comp_in = GetSupHeatTempRefrig(
-            state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(P_suction, RefPHigh), RefPLow), h_comp_in, T_suction + 3, T_suction + 30, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+        T_comp_in = GetSupHeatTempRefrig(state,
+                                         this->RefrigerantName,
+                                         max(min(P_suction, RefPHigh), RefPLow),
+                                         h_comp_in,
+                                         T_suction + 3,
+                                         T_suction + 30,
+                                         RefrigerantIndex,
+                                         RoutineName);
         SH_Comp = T_comp_in - T_suction;
 
         // Calculate capacity modification factor
@@ -13261,8 +13568,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
 
                     MinRefriPe = GetSatPressureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, -15, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
                     MinOutdoorUnitPe = max(P_discharge - this->CompMaxDeltaP, MinRefriPe);
-                    MinOutdoorUnitTe =
-                        GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(MinOutdoorUnitPe, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+                    MinOutdoorUnitTe = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(
+                        state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(MinOutdoorUnitPe, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
 
                     TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot(state,
                                              1.0e-3,
@@ -13272,7 +13579,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                              CompResidual_FluidTCtrl,
                                              MinOutdoorUnitTe,
                                              T_suction,
-                                             Par);                  // SmallLoadTe is the updated Te'
+                                             Par);   // SmallLoadTe is the updated Te'
                     if (SolFla < 0) SmallLoadTe = 6; // MinOutdoorUnitTe; //SmallLoadTe( Te'_new ) is constant during iterations
 
                     // Get an updated Te corresponding to the updated Te'
@@ -13313,8 +13620,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                         (-this->C2Te + std::pow((pow_2(this->C2Te) - 4 * (this->C1Te - Tfs + Pipe_Te_assumed) * this->C3Te), 0.5)) /
                                         (2 * this->C3Te);
 
-                                RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state,
-                                    this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pipe_Pe_assumed, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+                                RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(
+                                    state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pipe_Pe_assumed, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
                                 Pipe_h_IU_out_i = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
                                                                            this->RefrigerantName,
                                                                            max(RefTSat, Pipe_Te_assumed + Modifi_SHin),
@@ -13337,8 +13644,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                             Pipe_SH_merged = Pipe_SH_merged / Pipe_m_ref;
                         } else {
                             Pipe_SH_merged = this->SH;
-                            RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state,
-                                this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pipe_Pe_assumed, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+                            RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(
+                                state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pipe_Pe_assumed, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
                             Pipe_h_IU_out = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
                                                                      this->RefrigerantName,
                                                                      max(RefTSat, Pipe_Te_assumed + Pipe_SH_merged),
@@ -13358,8 +13665,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                               Pipe_DeltP,
                                               Pipe_h_comp_in);
 
-                        T_suction = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state,
-                            this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pipe_Pe_assumed - Pipe_DeltP, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+                        T_suction = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(
+                            state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Pipe_Pe_assumed - Pipe_DeltP, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
 
                         if ((std::abs(T_suction - SmallLoadTe) > 0.5) && (Pipe_Te_assumed < this->EvaporatingTemp) &&
                             (Pipe_Te_assumed > SmallLoadTe) && (NumIteTe < MaxNumIteTe)) {
@@ -13404,8 +13711,13 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                     T_discharge = min(MaxOutdoorUnitTc, T_discharge);
 
                     // *Calculate capacity modification factor
-                    C_cap_operation = this->VRFOU_CapModFactor(
-                        state, Pipe_h_comp_in, Pipe_h_IU_in, max(min(P_suction, RefPHigh), RefPLow), T_suction + Modifi_SH, T_suction + 8, T_discharge - 5);
+                    C_cap_operation = this->VRFOU_CapModFactor(state,
+                                                               Pipe_h_comp_in,
+                                                               Pipe_h_IU_in,
+                                                               max(min(P_suction, RefPHigh), RefPLow),
+                                                               T_suction + Modifi_SH,
+                                                               T_suction + 8,
+                                                               T_discharge - 5);
 
                     Cap_Eva0 = (TU_load + Pipe_Q) * C_cap_operation; // New Pipe_Q & C_cap_operation
                     Cap_Eva1 = this->CoffEvapCap * this->RatedEvapCapacity *
@@ -13536,10 +13848,19 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         // Calculate capacity modification factor
         MinOutdoorUnitPe = GetSatPressureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, T_suction, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
         RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(MinOutdoorUnitPe, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
-        Pipe_h_comp_in = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(
-            state, this->RefrigerantName, max(RefTSat, T_suction + this->SH), max(min(MinOutdoorUnitPe, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
-        C_cap_operation = this->VRFOU_CapModFactor(
-            state, Pipe_h_comp_in, Pipe_h_out_ave, max(min(MinOutdoorUnitPe, RefPHigh), RefPLow), T_suction + this->SH, T_suction + 8, IUMaxCondTemp - 5);
+        Pipe_h_comp_in = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
+                                                  this->RefrigerantName,
+                                                  max(RefTSat, T_suction + this->SH),
+                                                  max(min(MinOutdoorUnitPe, RefPHigh), RefPLow),
+                                                  RefrigerantIndex,
+                                                  RoutineName);
+        C_cap_operation = this->VRFOU_CapModFactor(state,
+                                                   Pipe_h_comp_in,
+                                                   Pipe_h_out_ave,
+                                                   max(min(MinOutdoorUnitPe, RefPHigh), RefPLow),
+                                                   T_suction + this->SH,
+                                                   T_suction + 8,
+                                                   IUMaxCondTemp - 5);
 
         // Perform iterations to find the compressor speed that can meet the required heating load, Iteration DoName2
         for (CounterCompSpdTemp = 1; CounterCompSpdTemp <= NumOfCompSpdInput; CounterCompSpdTemp++) {
@@ -13596,7 +13917,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                     Modifi_Pe = GetSatPressureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, T_suction, RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
 
                     // Calculate capacity modification factor
-                    RefTSat = GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Modifi_Pe, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+                    RefTSat =
+                        GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, max(min(Modifi_Pe, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
                     Pipe_h_comp_in = GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig(state,
                                                               this->RefrigerantName,
                                                               max(RefTSat, T_suction + Modifi_SH),
@@ -13612,8 +13934,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                                                IUMaxCondTemp - 5);
 
                     Cap_Eva0 = Q_evap_req * C_cap_operation;
-                    Cap_Eva1 =
-                        this->CoffEvapCap * this->RatedEvapCapacity * CurveValue(state, this->OUCoolingCAPFT(CounterCompSpdTemp), T_discharge, T_suction);
+                    Cap_Eva1 = this->CoffEvapCap * this->RatedEvapCapacity *
+                               CurveValue(state, this->OUCoolingCAPFT(CounterCompSpdTemp), T_discharge, T_suction);
                     CapDiff = std::abs(Cap_Eva1 - Cap_Eva0);
 
                     if ((CapDiff > (Tolerance * Cap_Eva0)) && (NumIteCcap < 30)) {
@@ -13694,7 +14016,7 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
         using FluidProperties::GetSupHeatEnthalpyRefrig;
         using FluidProperties::RefrigData;
         using General::SolveRoot;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
 
         Array1D<Real64> Par(7);     // Parameters passed to RegulaFalsi
@@ -13964,7 +14286,8 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 Real64 Pipe_h_IU_out;
 
                 // Get an updated Te (Te_update) corresponding to the updated Te' (Tsuction_new). PL_c is re-performed.
-                this->VRFOU_TeModification(state, this->EvaporatingTemp,
+                this->VRFOU_TeModification(state,
+                                           this->EvaporatingTemp,
                                            Tsuction_new,
                                            h_IU_evap_in,
                                            OutDryBulbTemp,
@@ -14157,11 +14480,15 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                  8.3817 * Ref_Coe_v1 * Ref_Coe_v3 - 218.48 * Ref_Coe_v2 * Ref_Coe_v3 + 21.58;
             if (Pipe_viscosity_ref <= 0) Pipe_viscosity_ref = 16.26; // default superheated vapor viscosity data (MuPa*s) at T=353.15 K, P=2MPa
 
-            Pipe_v_ref =
-                Pipe_m_ref / (DataGlobalConstants::Pi() * pow_2(this->RefPipDiaSuc) * 0.25) /
-                GetSupHeatDensityRefrig(
-                    state, this->RefrigerantName, this->EvaporatingTemp + Pipe_SH_merged, max(min(Pevap, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
-            Pipe_Num_Re = Pipe_m_ref / (DataGlobalConstants::Pi() * pow_2(this->RefPipDiaSuc) * 0.25) * this->RefPipDiaSuc / Pipe_viscosity_ref * 1000000;
+            Pipe_v_ref = Pipe_m_ref / (DataGlobalConstants::Pi() * pow_2(this->RefPipDiaSuc) * 0.25) /
+                         GetSupHeatDensityRefrig(state,
+                                                 this->RefrigerantName,
+                                                 this->EvaporatingTemp + Pipe_SH_merged,
+                                                 max(min(Pevap, RefPHigh), RefPLow),
+                                                 RefrigerantIndex,
+                                                 RoutineName);
+            Pipe_Num_Re =
+                Pipe_m_ref / (DataGlobalConstants::Pi() * pow_2(this->RefPipDiaSuc) * 0.25) * this->RefPipDiaSuc / Pipe_viscosity_ref * 1000000;
             Pipe_Num_Pr = Pipe_viscosity_ref * Pipe_cp_ref * 0.001 / Pipe_conductivity_ref;
             Pipe_Num_Nu = 0.023 * std::pow(Pipe_Num_Re, 0.8) * std::pow(Pipe_Num_Pr, 0.3);
             Pipe_Num_St = Pipe_Num_Nu / Pipe_Num_Re / Pipe_Num_Pr;
@@ -14192,9 +14519,10 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                 Pipe_Coe_k2 = 9999.9;
             }
 
-            Pipe_Q = max(0.0,
-                         (DataGlobalConstants::Pi() * this->RefPipLen) * (OutdoorDryBulb / 2 + Pipe_T_room / 2 - this->EvaporatingTemp - Pipe_SH_merged) /
-                             (1 / Pipe_Coe_k1 + 1 / Pipe_Coe_k2 + 1 / Pipe_Coe_k3));
+            Pipe_Q =
+                max(0.0,
+                    (DataGlobalConstants::Pi() * this->RefPipLen) * (OutdoorDryBulb / 2 + Pipe_T_room / 2 - this->EvaporatingTemp - Pipe_SH_merged) /
+                        (1 / Pipe_Coe_k1 + 1 / Pipe_Coe_k2 + 1 / Pipe_Coe_k3));
 
             Pipe_h_comp_in = Pipe_h_IU_out + Pipe_Q / Pipe_m_ref;
 
@@ -14319,10 +14647,11 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
                                  8.3817 * Ref_Coe_v1 * Ref_Coe_v3 - 218.48 * Ref_Coe_v2 * Ref_Coe_v3 + 21.58;
             if (Pipe_viscosity_ref <= 0) Pipe_viscosity_ref = 16.26; // default superheated vapor viscosity data (MuPa*s) at T=353.15 K, P=2MPa
 
-            Pipe_v_ref =
-                Pipe_m_ref / (DataGlobalConstants::Pi() * pow_2(this->RefPipDiaDis) * 0.25) /
-                GetSupHeatDensityRefrig(state, this->RefrigerantName, Pipe_T_IU_in, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
-            Pipe_Num_Re = Pipe_m_ref / (DataGlobalConstants::Pi() * pow_2(this->RefPipDiaDis) * 0.25) * this->RefPipDiaDis / Pipe_viscosity_ref * 1000000;
+            Pipe_v_ref = Pipe_m_ref / (DataGlobalConstants::Pi() * pow_2(this->RefPipDiaDis) * 0.25) /
+                         GetSupHeatDensityRefrig(
+                             state, this->RefrigerantName, Pipe_T_IU_in, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName);
+            Pipe_Num_Re =
+                Pipe_m_ref / (DataGlobalConstants::Pi() * pow_2(this->RefPipDiaDis) * 0.25) * this->RefPipDiaDis / Pipe_viscosity_ref * 1000000;
             Pipe_Num_Pr = Pipe_viscosity_ref * Pipe_cp_ref * 0.001 / Pipe_conductivity_ref;
             Pipe_Num_Nu = 0.023 * std::pow(Pipe_Num_Re, 0.8) * std::pow(Pipe_Num_Pr, 0.4);
             Pipe_Num_St = Pipe_Num_Nu / Pipe_Num_Re / Pipe_Num_Pr;
@@ -14334,15 +14663,16 @@ namespace HVACVariableRefrigerantFlow {
             Pipe_Q = max(0.0,
                          (DataGlobalConstants::Pi() * this->RefPipLen) * (Pipe_T_IU_in - OutdoorDryBulb / 2 - Pipe_T_room / 2) /
                              (1 / Pipe_Coe_k1 + 1 / Pipe_Coe_k2 + 1 / Pipe_Coe_k3)); // [W]
-            Pipe_DeltP = max(0.0,
-                             8 * Pipe_Num_St * std::pow(Pipe_Num_Pr, 0.6667) * this->RefPipEquLen / this->RefPipDiaDis *
-                                     GetSupHeatDensityRefrig(
-                                         state, this->RefrigerantName, Pipe_T_IU_in, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName) *
-                                     pow_2(Pipe_v_ref) / 2 -
-                                 this->RefPipHei *
-                                     GetSupHeatDensityRefrig(
-                                         state, this->RefrigerantName, Pipe_T_IU_in, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName) *
-                                     9.80665);
+            Pipe_DeltP =
+                max(0.0,
+                    8 * Pipe_Num_St * std::pow(Pipe_Num_Pr, 0.6667) * this->RefPipEquLen / this->RefPipDiaDis *
+                            GetSupHeatDensityRefrig(
+                                state, this->RefrigerantName, Pipe_T_IU_in, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName) *
+                            pow_2(Pipe_v_ref) / 2 -
+                        this->RefPipHei *
+                            GetSupHeatDensityRefrig(
+                                state, this->RefrigerantName, Pipe_T_IU_in, max(min(Pcond, RefPHigh), RefPLow), RefrigerantIndex, RoutineName) *
+                            9.80665);
 
             Pipe_h_comp_out = Pipe_h_IU_in + Pipe_Q / Pipe_m_ref;
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HWBaseboardRadiator.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HWBaseboardRadiator.cc
index 49fba08bb92..6690f0729ff 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HWBaseboardRadiator.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HWBaseboardRadiator.cc
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::ZoneSysEnergyDemand;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -203,13 +203,19 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
         } else {
             BaseboardNum = CompIndex;
             if (BaseboardNum > NumHWBaseboards || BaseboardNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimHWBaseboard:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumHWBaseboards) + ", Entered Unit name=" + EquipName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimHWBaseboard:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      BaseboardNum,
+                                      NumHWBaseboards,
+                                      EquipName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(BaseboardNum)) {
                 if (EquipName != HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimHWBaseboard: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) + ", Unit name=" + EquipName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimHWBaseboard: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          BaseboardNum,
+                                          EquipName,
+                                          HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(BaseboardNum) = false;
             }
@@ -257,7 +263,7 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
                                       HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).BranchNum);
                 } else {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "SimBaseboard: Errors in Baseboard=" + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid or unimplemented equipment type=" + TrimSigDigits(HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipType));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid or unimplemented equipment type={}", HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipType));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding condition causes termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -300,8 +306,7 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
         using DataSizing::FractionOfAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
         using DataSizing::HeatingDesignCapacity;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using GlobalNames::VerifyUniqueBaseboardName;
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
@@ -398,12 +403,12 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
             if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterTempAvg > MaxWaterTempAvg + 0.001) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxWaterTempAvg, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxWaterTempAvg));
                 HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterTempAvg = MaxWaterTempAvg;
             } else if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterTempAvg < MinWaterTempAvg - 0.001) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
                                  " was lower than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinWaterTempAvg, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.2R}].", MinWaterTempAvg));
                 HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterTempAvg = MinWaterTempAvg;
             }
 
@@ -412,7 +417,7 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
                 HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterMassFlowRateStd > HighWaterMassFlowRate + 0.0001) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
                                  " is an invalid Standard Water mass flow rate.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to a default value=[" + RoundSigDigits(WaterMassFlowDefault, 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to a default value=[{:.1R}].", WaterMassFlowDefault));
                 HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterMassFlowRateStd = WaterMassFlowDefault;
             }
 
@@ -424,8 +429,10 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
                     HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum);
                     if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0 && HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -441,8 +448,10 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
                     if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFieldNames(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity == AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
@@ -462,8 +471,10 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
                     HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum);
                     if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -482,12 +493,12 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
             if (std::abs(HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterVolFlowRateMax) <= MinWaterFlowRate) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(6) +
                                  " was less than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinWaterFlowRate, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.2R}].", MinWaterFlowRate));
                 HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterVolFlowRateMax = MinWaterFlowRate;
             } else if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterVolFlowRateMax > MaxWaterFlowRate) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(6) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxWaterFlowRate, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxWaterFlowRate));
                 HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).WaterVolFlowRateMax = MaxWaterFlowRate;
             }
 
@@ -496,7 +507,7 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
             if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).Offset <= 0.0) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
                                  " was less than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to a default value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to a default value=[{:.2R}].", MaxFraction));
                 HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).Offset = 0.001;
             }
 
@@ -504,13 +515,13 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
             if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant < MinFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(8) +
                                  " was lower than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFraction, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.2R}].", MinFraction));
                 HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant = MinFraction;
             }
             if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant > MaxFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(8) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxFraction));
                 HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant = MaxFraction;
             }
 
@@ -529,28 +540,28 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
             if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribPerson < MinFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(9) +
                                  " was lower than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFraction, 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.3R}].", MinFraction));
                 HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribPerson = MinFraction;
             }
             if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribPerson > MaxFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(9) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.3R}].", MaxFraction));
                 HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribPerson = MaxFraction;
             }
 
             HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib = NumNumbers - 9;
             //      IF (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum)%TotSurfToDistrib > MaxDistribSurfaces) THEN
-            //        CALL ShowWarningError(RoutineName//cCMO_BBRadiator_Water//'="'//TRIM(cAlphaArgs(1))// &
+            //        CALL ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName//cCMO_BBRadiator_Water//'="'//TRIM(cAlphaArgs(1))// &
             //          '", the number of surface/radiant fraction groups entered was higher than the allowable maximum.')
-            //        CALL ShowContinueError('...only the maximum value=['//TRIM(RoundSigDigits(MaxDistribSurfaces))// &
+            //        CALL ShowContinueError(state, '...only the maximum value=['//TRIM(RoundSigDigits(MaxDistribSurfaces))// &
             //           '] will be processed.')
             //        HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum)%TotSurfToDistrib = MaxDistribSurfaces
             //      END IF
             if ((HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib < MinDistribSurfaces) && (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant > MinFraction)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 "\", the number of surface/radiant fraction groups entered was less than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...the minimum that must be entered=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinDistribSurfaces) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...the minimum that must be entered=[{}].", MinDistribSurfaces));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib = 0; // error
             }
@@ -591,13 +602,13 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
                 if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribToSurf(SurfNum) > MaxFraction) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(SurfNum + 9) +
                                      "was greater than the allowable maximum.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxFraction));
                     HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib = MaxFraction;
                 }
                 if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribToSurf(SurfNum) < MinFraction) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(SurfNum + 9) +
                                      "was less than the allowable minimum.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFraction, 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MinFraction));
                     HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib = MinFraction;
                 }
                 if (HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).SurfacePtr(SurfNum) != 0) {
@@ -948,7 +959,7 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HeatingCapacitySizing;
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::RegisterPlantCompDesignFlow;
 
         // Locals
@@ -1120,10 +1131,10 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
                                     ShowMessage(state,
                                         "SizeHWBaseboard: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:Baseboard:RadiantConvective:Water=\"" +
                                         HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Water Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(WaterVolFlowRateMaxUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(WaterVolFlowRateMaxDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Maximum Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", WaterVolFlowRateMaxUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", WaterVolFlowRateMaxDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1162,19 +1173,21 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
                     if (AirOutletTempStd >= WaterInletTempStd) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "SizeHWBaseboard: ZoneHVAC:Baseboard:RadiantConvective:Water=\"" + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID + "\".");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Outlet temperature must be below the Water Inlet temperature");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Outlet Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(AirOutletTempStd, 2) + "], Water Inlet Temperature=[" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(WaterInletTempStd, 2) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...Air Outlet Temperature=[{:.2R}], Water Inlet Temperature=[{:.2R}].", AirOutletTempStd, WaterInletTempStd));
                         AirOutletTempStd = WaterInletTempStd - 0.01;
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Outlet Temperature set to [" + RoundSigDigits(AirOutletTempStd, 2) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air Outlet Temperature set to [{:.2R}].", AirOutletTempStd));
                     }
                     // Check Tw,out < Ta,in
                     if (AirInletTempStd >= WaterOutletTempStd) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "SizeHWBaseboard: ZoneHVAC:Baseboard:RadiantConvective:Water=\"" + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID + "\".");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Water Outlet temperature must be below the Air Inlet temperature");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Inlet Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(AirInletTempStd, 2) + "], Water Outlet Temperature=[" +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(WaterOutletTempStd, 2) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...Air Inlet Temperature=[{:.2R}], Water Outlet Temperature=[{:.2R}].", AirInletTempStd, WaterOutletTempStd));
                         WaterOutletTempStd = AirInletTempStd + 0.01;
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Water Outlet Temperature set to [" + RoundSigDigits(WaterOutletTempStd, 2) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Water Outlet Temperature set to [{:.2R}].", WaterOutletTempStd));
                     }
                     // LMTD calculation
                     DeltaT1 = WaterInletTempStd - AirOutletTempStd;
@@ -1218,19 +1231,19 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
                 if (AirOutletTempStd >= WaterInletTempStd) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "SizeHWBaseboard: ZoneHVAC:Baseboard:RadiantConvective:Water=\"" + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID + "\".");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Outlet temperature must be below the Water Inlet temperature");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Outlet Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(AirOutletTempStd, 2) + "], Water Inlet Temperature=[" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(WaterInletTempStd, 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("...Air Outlet Temperature=[{:.2R}], Water Inlet Temperature=[{:.2R}].", AirOutletTempStd, WaterInletTempStd));
                     AirOutletTempStd = WaterInletTempStd - 0.01;
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Outlet Temperature set to [" + RoundSigDigits(AirOutletTempStd, 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Air Outlet Temperature set to [{:.2R}].", AirOutletTempStd));
                 }
                 // Check Tw,out < Ta,in
                 if (AirInletTempStd >= WaterOutletTempStd) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "SizeHWBaseboard: ZoneHVAC:Baseboard:RadiantConvective:Water=\"" + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID + "\".");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Water Outlet temperature must be below the Air Inlet temperature");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Air Inlet Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(AirInletTempStd, 2) + "], Water Outlet Temperature=[" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(WaterOutletTempStd, 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("...Air Inlet Temperature=[{:.2R}], Water Outlet Temperature=[{:.2R}].", AirInletTempStd, WaterOutletTempStd));
                     WaterOutletTempStd = AirInletTempStd + 0.01;
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Water Outlet Temperature set to [" + RoundSigDigits(WaterOutletTempStd, 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Water Outlet Temperature set to [{:.2R}].", WaterOutletTempStd));
                 }
                 // LMTD calculation
                 DeltaT1 = WaterInletTempStd - AirOutletTempStd;
@@ -1586,7 +1599,6 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::QHWBaseboardSurf;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::QHWBaseboardToPerson;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1628,16 +1640,16 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
                     if (ThisSurfIntensity > MaxRadHeatFlux) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "DistributeBBRadGains:  excessive thermal radiation heat flux intensity detected");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Surface = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Surface area = " + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 3) + " [m2]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface area = {:.3R} [m2]", Surface(SurfNum).Area));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + " = " + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Radiation intensity = " + RoundSigDigits(ThisSurfIntensity, 2) + " [W/m2]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Radiation intensity = {:.2R} [W/m2]", ThisSurfIntensity));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Assign a larger surface area or more surfaces in " + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water);
                         ShowFatalError(state, "DistributeBBRadGains:  excessive thermal radiation heat flux intensity detected");
                     }
                 } else {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "DistributeBBRadGains:  surface not large enough to receive thermal radiation heat flux");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Surface = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Surface area = " + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 3) + " [m2]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface area = {:.3R} [m2]", Surface(SurfNum).Area));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water + " = " + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Assign a larger surface area or more surfaces in " + cCMO_BBRadiator_Water);
                     ShowFatalError(state, "DistributeBBRadGains:  surface not large enough to receive thermal radiation heat flux");
@@ -1786,7 +1798,7 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
         using DataPlant::CriteriaType_MassFlowRate;
         using DataPlant::CriteriaType_Temperature;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_Baseboard_Rad_Conv_Water;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::PullCompInterconnectTrigger;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -1803,17 +1815,29 @@ namespace HWBaseboardRadiator {
         } else {
             BaseboardNum = CompIndex;
             if (BaseboardNum > NumHWBaseboards || BaseboardNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateHWBaseboardPlantConnection:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) +
-                               ", Number of baseboards=" + TrimSigDigits(NumHWBaseboards) + ", Entered baseboard name=" + BaseboardName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format("UpdateHWBaseboardPlantConnection:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of baseboards={}, Entered baseboard name={}",
+                           BaseboardNum,
+                           NumHWBaseboards,
+                           BaseboardName));
             }
             if (state.dataGlobal->KickOffSimulation) {
                 if (BaseboardName != HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateHWBaseboardPlantConnection: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) + ", baseboard name=" +
-                                   BaseboardName + ", stored baseboard Name for that index=" + HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("UpdateHWBaseboardPlantConnection: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, baseboard name={}, stored baseboard Name "
+                                          "for that index={}",
+                                          BaseboardNum,
+                                          BaseboardName,
+                                          HWBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID));
                 }
                 if (BaseboardTypeNum != TypeOf_Baseboard_Rad_Conv_Water) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateHWBaseboardPlantConnection: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) + ", baseboard name=" +
-                                   BaseboardName + ", stored baseboard Name for that index=" + ccSimPlantEquipTypes(BaseboardTypeNum));
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("UpdateHWBaseboardPlantConnection: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, baseboard name={}, stored baseboard Name "
+                                          "for that index={}",
+                                          BaseboardNum,
+                                          BaseboardName,
+                                          ccSimPlantEquipTypes(BaseboardTypeNum)));
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalFiniteDiffManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalFiniteDiffManager.cc
index 9e3f5466949..416e3548fef 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalFiniteDiffManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalFiniteDiffManager.cc
@@ -232,7 +232,6 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
         using DataHeatBalance::CondFDRelaxFactor;
         using DataHeatBalance::CondFDRelaxFactorInput;
         using DataHeatBalance::MaxAllowedDelTempCondFD;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int IOStat;                         // IO Status when calling get input subroutine
@@ -347,8 +346,8 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
                 MaterialFD(MaterNum).numTempEnth = (MaterialNumProp - 1) / 2;
                 if (MaterialFD(MaterNum).numTempEnth * 2 != (MaterialNumProp - 1)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "GetCondFDInput: " + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", mismatched pairs");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...expected " + RoundSigDigits(MaterialFD(MaterNum).numTempEnth) + " pairs, but only entered " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(MaterialNumProp - 1) + " numbers.");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("...expected {} pairs, but only entered {} numbers.", MaterialFD(MaterNum).numTempEnth, MaterialNumProp - 1));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 MaterialFD(MaterNum).TempEnth.dimension(2, MaterialFD(MaterNum).numTempEnth, 0.0);
@@ -375,8 +374,9 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
                 if (nonInc) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "GetCondFDInput: " + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
                                     "\", non increasing Temperatures. Temperatures must be strictly increasing.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...occurs first at item=[" + RoundSigDigits(inegptr) + "], value=[" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(MaterialFD(MaterNum).TempEnth(1, inegptr), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("...occurs first at item=[{}], value=[{:.2R}].", fmt::to_string(inegptr), MaterialFD(MaterNum).TempEnth(1, inegptr)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 nonInc = false;
@@ -389,8 +389,8 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
                 }
                 if (nonInc) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "GetCondFDInput: " + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", non increasing Enthalpy.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...occurs first at item=[" + RoundSigDigits(inegptr) + "], value=[" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(MaterialFD(MaterNum).TempEnth(2, inegptr), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...occurs first at item=[{}], value=[{:.2R}].", inegptr, MaterialFD(MaterNum).TempEnth(2, inegptr)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...These values may be Cp (Specific Heat) rather than Enthalpy.  Please correct.");
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
@@ -437,8 +437,8 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
                 MaterialFD(MaterNum).numTempCond = MaterialNumProp / 2;
                 if (MaterialFD(MaterNum).numTempCond * 2 != MaterialNumProp) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "GetCondFDInput: " + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", mismatched pairs");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...expected " + RoundSigDigits(MaterialFD(MaterNum).numTempCond) + " pairs, but only entered " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(MaterialNumProp) + " numbers.");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("...expected {} pairs, but only entered {} numbers.", MaterialFD(MaterNum).numTempCond, MaterialNumProp));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 MaterialFD(MaterNum).TempCond.dimension(2, MaterialFD(MaterNum).numTempCond, 0.0);
@@ -465,8 +465,8 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
                 if (nonInc) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "GetCondFDInput: " + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
                                     "\", non increasing Temperatures. Temperatures must be strictly increasing.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...occurs first at item=[" + RoundSigDigits(inegptr) + "], value=[" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(MaterialFD(MaterNum).TempCond(1, inegptr), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...occurs first at item=[{}], value=[{:.2R}].", inegptr, MaterialFD(MaterNum).TempCond(1, inegptr)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -607,8 +607,6 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
         using DataHeatBalance::HighDiffusivityThreshold;
         using DataHeatBalance::ThinMaterialLayerThreshold;
         using DataSurfaces::HeatTransferModel_CondFD;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int Lay;
@@ -785,16 +783,19 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
                                 "InitialInitHeatBalFiniteDiff: Found Material that is too thin and/or too highly conductive, material name = " +
                                 dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state,
-                                "High conductivity Material layers are not well supported by Conduction Finite Difference, material conductivity = " +
-                                RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Conductivity, 3) + " [W/m-K]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Material thermal diffusivity = " + RoundSigDigits(Alpha, 3) + " [m2/s]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Material with this thermal diffusivity should have thickness > " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(ThicknessThreshold, 5) + " [m]");
+                                              format("High conductivity Material layers are not well supported by Conduction Finite Difference, "
+                                                     "material conductivity = {:.3R} [W/m-K]",
+                                                     dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Conductivity));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Material thermal diffusivity = {:.3R} [m2/s]", Alpha));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("Material with this thermal diffusivity should have thickness > {:.5R} [m]", ThicknessThreshold));
                             if (dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Thickness < ThinMaterialLayerThreshold) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Material may be too thin to be modeled well, thickness = " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Thickness, 5) + " [m]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Material with this thermal diffusivity should have thickness > " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(ThinMaterialLayerThreshold, 5) + " [m]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Material may be too thin to be modeled well, thickness = {:.5R} [m]",
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(CurrentLayer).Thickness));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("Material with this thermal diffusivity should have thickness > {:.5R} [m]", ThinMaterialLayerThreshold));
                             }
                             ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                         }
@@ -938,44 +939,51 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
 
             TotNodes = ConstructFD(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).TotNodes; // Full size nodes, start with outside face.
             for (Lay = 1; Lay <= TotNodes + 1; ++Lay) {                     // include inside face node
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "CondFD Surface Temperature Node " + TrimSigDigits(Lay) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("CondFD Surface Temperature Node {}", Lay),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     SurfaceFD(SurfNum).TDreport(Lay),
                                     "Zone",
                                     "State",
                                     Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "CondFD Surface Heat Flux Node " + TrimSigDigits(Lay) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("CondFD Surface Heat Flux Node {}", Lay),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W_m2,
                                     SurfaceFD(SurfNum).QDreport(Lay),
                                     "Zone",
                                     "State",
                                     Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "CondFD Phase Change State " + TrimSigDigits(Lay) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("CondFD Phase Change State {}", Lay),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     SurfaceFD(SurfNum).PhaseChangeState(Lay),
                                     "Zone",
                                     "State",
                                     Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "CondFD Phase Change Previous State " + TrimSigDigits(Lay) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("CondFD Phase Change Previous State {}", Lay),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     SurfaceFD(SurfNum).PhaseChangeStateOld(Lay),
                                     "Zone",
                                     "State",
                                     Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "CondFD Phase Change Node Temperature " + TrimSigDigits(Lay) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("CondFD Phase Change Node Temperature {}", Lay),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     SurfaceFD(SurfNum).TDT(Lay),
                                     "Zone",
                                     "State",
                                     Surface(SurfNum).Name);
                 if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayAdvancedReportVariables) {
-                    SetupOutputVariable(state, "CondFD Surface Heat Capacitance Outer Half Node " + TrimSigDigits(Lay) + "",
+                    SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                        format("CondFD Surface Heat Capacitance Outer Half Node {}", Lay),
                                         OutputProcessor::Unit::W_m2K,
                                         SurfaceFD(SurfNum).CpDelXRhoS1(Lay),
                                         "Zone",
                                         "State",
                                         Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                    SetupOutputVariable(state, "CondFD Surface Heat Capacitance Inner Half Node " + TrimSigDigits(Lay) + "",
+                    SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                        format("CondFD Surface Heat Capacitance Inner Half Node {}", Lay),
                                         OutputProcessor::Unit::W_m2K,
                                         SurfaceFD(SurfNum).CpDelXRhoS2(Lay),
                                         "Zone",
@@ -1197,7 +1205,7 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataHeatBalance::CondFDRelaxFactorInput;
         using DataHeatBalance::MaxAllowedDelTempCondFD;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::ScanForReports;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -2236,7 +2244,6 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
         // Use methodology similar to HBSurfaceManager
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int ZoneNum;
@@ -2247,20 +2254,23 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
         if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag || WarmupSurfTemp > 10 || state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
             if (CheckTemperature < MinSurfaceTempLimit) {
                 if (Surface(SurfNum).LowTempErrCount == 0) {
-                    ShowSevereMessage(state, "Temperature (low) out of bounds [" + RoundSigDigits(CheckTemperature, 2) + "] for zone=\"" +
-                                      Zone(ZoneNum).Name + "\", for surface=\"" + Surface(SurfNum).Name + "\"");
+                    ShowSevereMessage(state,
+                                      format("Temperature (low) out of bounds [{:.2R}] for zone=\"{}\", for surface=\"{}\"",
+                                             CheckTemperature,
+                                             Zone(ZoneNum).Name,
+                                             Surface(SurfNum).Name));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     if (!Zone(ZoneNum).TempOutOfBoundsReported) {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Zone=\"" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name + "\", Diagnostic Details:");
                         if (Zone(ZoneNum).FloorArea > 0.0) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Internal Heat Gain [" +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZoneNum).InternalHeatGains / Zone(ZoneNum).FloorArea, 3) + "] W/m2");
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("...Internal Heat Gain [{:.3R}] W/m2", Zone(ZoneNum).InternalHeatGains / Zone(ZoneNum).FloorArea));
                         } else {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Internal Heat Gain (no floor) [" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZoneNum).InternalHeatGains, 3) + "] W");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Internal Heat Gain (no floor) [{:.3R}] W", Zone(ZoneNum).InternalHeatGains));
                         }
                         if (AirflowNetwork::SimulateAirflowNetwork <= AirflowNetwork::AirflowNetworkControlSimple) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Infiltration/Ventilation [" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZoneNum).NominalInfilVent, 3) + "] m3/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Mixing/Cross Mixing [" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZoneNum).NominalMixing, 3) + "] m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Infiltration/Ventilation [{:.3R}] m3/s", Zone(ZoneNum).NominalInfilVent));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Mixing/Cross Mixing [{:.3R}] m3/s", Zone(ZoneNum).NominalMixing));
                         } else {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Airflow Network Simulation: Nominal Infiltration/Ventilation/Mixing not available.");
                         }
@@ -2291,20 +2301,23 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
                 }
             } else {
                 if (Surface(SurfNum).HighTempErrCount == 0) {
-                    ShowSevereMessage(state, "Temperature (high) out of bounds (" + RoundSigDigits(CheckTemperature, 2) + "] for zone=\"" +
-                                      Zone(ZoneNum).Name + "\", for surface=\"" + Surface(SurfNum).Name + "\"");
+                    ShowSevereMessage(state,
+                                      format("Temperature (high) out of bounds ({:.2R}] for zone=\"{}\", for surface=\"{}\"",
+                                             CheckTemperature,
+                                             Zone(ZoneNum).Name,
+                                             Surface(SurfNum).Name));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     if (!Zone(ZoneNum).TempOutOfBoundsReported) {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Zone=\"" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name + "\", Diagnostic Details:");
                         if (Zone(ZoneNum).FloorArea > 0.0) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Internal Heat Gain [" +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZoneNum).InternalHeatGains / Zone(ZoneNum).FloorArea, 3) + "] W/m2");
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("...Internal Heat Gain [{:.3R}] W/m2", Zone(ZoneNum).InternalHeatGains / Zone(ZoneNum).FloorArea));
                         } else {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Internal Heat Gain (no floor) [" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZoneNum).InternalHeatGains, 3) + "] W");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Internal Heat Gain (no floor) [{:.3R}] W", Zone(ZoneNum).InternalHeatGains));
                         }
                         if (AirflowNetwork::SimulateAirflowNetwork <= AirflowNetwork::AirflowNetworkControlSimple) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Infiltration/Ventilation [" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZoneNum).NominalInfilVent, 3) + "] m3/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Mixing/Cross Mixing [" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZoneNum).NominalMixing, 3) + "] m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Infiltration/Ventilation [{:.3R}] m3/s", Zone(ZoneNum).NominalInfilVent));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Mixing/Cross Mixing [{:.3R}] m3/s", Zone(ZoneNum).NominalMixing));
                         } else {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Airflow Network Simulation: Nominal Infiltration/Ventilation/Mixing not available.");
                         }
@@ -2348,7 +2361,6 @@ namespace HeatBalFiniteDiffManager {
         //       DATE WRITTEN   Sept-Nov 2015
         // PURPOSE OF THIS SUBROUTINE:
         // Calculate flux at each condFD node
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         int node; // node counter
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceAirManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceAirManager.cc
index 73cdddcaa70..bddab22e7a0 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceAirManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceAirManager.cc
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using General::CheckCreatedZoneItemName;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValueMinMax;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMinValue;
@@ -650,8 +650,11 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
             ZoneAirBalance(Loop).InducedAirRate = rNumericArgs(1);
             if (rNumericArgs(1) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state,
-                    RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
-                    "\", invalid Induced Outdoor Air Due to Duct Leakage Unbalance specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 3));
+                                format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid Induced Outdoor Air Due to Duct Leakage Unbalance specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                       RoutineName,
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -926,8 +929,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                         }
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Infiltration(Loop).Name +
-                                                    "\", invalid flow/area specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid flow/area specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           Infiltration(Loop).Name,
+                                                           rNumericArgs(2)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -946,8 +953,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                                          ", but Exterior Surface Area = 0.  0 Infiltration will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + Infiltration(Loop).Name +
-                                                    "\", invalid flow/exteriorarea specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{} = \"{}\", invalid flow/exteriorarea specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           Infiltration(Loop).Name,
+                                                           rNumericArgs(3)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -965,8 +976,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                                          ", but Exterior Wall Area = 0.  0 Infiltration will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + Infiltration(Loop).Name +
-                                                    "\", invalid flow/exteriorwallarea specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{} = \"{}\", invalid flow/exteriorwallarea specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           Infiltration(Loop).Name,
+                                                           rNumericArgs(3)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -985,8 +1000,11 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                     }
                                 } else {
                                     ShowSevereError(state,
-                                        RoutineName + "In " + cCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + Infiltration(Loop).Name +
-                                        "\", invalid ACH (air changes per hour) specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(4), 3));
+                                                    format("{}In {} = \"{}\", invalid ACH (air changes per hour) specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           Infiltration(Loop).Name,
+                                                           rNumericArgs(4)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -1411,8 +1429,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                                          ", but Zone Floor Area = 0.  0 Ventilation will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Ventilation(Loop).Name +
-                                                    "\", invalid flow/area specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid flow/area specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           Ventilation(Loop).Name,
+                                                           rNumericArgs(2)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -1431,8 +1453,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                                          ", but Zone Total Occupants = 0.  0 Ventilation will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Ventilation(Loop).Name +
-                                                    "\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           Ventilation(Loop).Name,
+                                                           rNumericArgs(3)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -1452,8 +1478,11 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                     }
                                 } else {
                                     ShowSevereError(state,
-                                        RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Ventilation(Loop).Name +
-                                        "\", invalid ACH (air changes per hour) specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 3));
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid ACH (air changes per hour) specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           Ventilation(Loop).Name,
+                                                           rNumericArgs(5)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -1554,7 +1583,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                         if (Item1 == 1) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" must have " + cNumericFieldNames(11) +
                                             " between -100C and 100C.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...value entered=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(11), 2) + "].");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...value entered=[{:.2R}].", rNumericArgs(11)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -1578,18 +1607,24 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                     }
                     if (Ventilation(Loop).MinIndoorTempSchedPtr == 0 && lNumericFieldBlanks(11) && (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(6))) {
                         if (Item1 == 1) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cNumericFieldNames(11) +
-                                             ": the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used (" +
-                                             RoundSigDigits(-VentilTempLimit, 1) + ") ");
+                            ShowWarningError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}{}: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used ({:.1R}) ",
+                                       RoutineName,
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(11),
+                                       -VentilTempLimit));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
                         }
                     }
                     // Check Minimum indoor temperature value and schedule fields
                     if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(11) && (!cAlphaArgs(6).empty() && Ventilation(Loop).MinIndoorTempSchedPtr == 0)) {
                         if (Item1 == 1) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cAlphaFieldNames(6) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(6) +
-                                             " is invalid. The constant value will be used at " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(11), 1) +
-                                             " degrees C ");
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{}{} = {} is invalid. The constant value will be used at {:.1R} degrees C ",
+                                                    RoutineName,
+                                                    cAlphaFieldNames(6),
+                                                    cAlphaArgs(6),
+                                                    rNumericArgs(11)));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
                         }
                     }
@@ -1626,18 +1661,24 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                     }
                     if (Ventilation(Loop).MaxIndoorTempSchedPtr == 0 && lNumericFieldBlanks(12) && (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(7))) {
                         if (Item1 == 1) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cNumericFieldNames(12) +
-                                             ": the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used (" +
-                                             RoundSigDigits(VentilTempLimit, 1) + ") ");
+                            ShowWarningError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}{}: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used ({:.1R}) ",
+                                       RoutineName,
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(12),
+                                       VentilTempLimit));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
                         }
                     }
                     // Check Maximum indoor temperature value and schedule fields
                     if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(12) && ((!lAlphaFieldBlanks(7)) && Ventilation(Loop).MaxIndoorTempSchedPtr == 0)) {
                         if (Item1 == 1) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cAlphaFieldNames(7) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(7) +
-                                             " is invalid. The constant value will be used at " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(12), 1) +
-                                             " degrees C ");
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{}{} = {} is invalid. The constant value will be used at {:.1R} degrees C ",
+                                                    RoutineName,
+                                                    cAlphaFieldNames(7),
+                                                    cAlphaArgs(7),
+                                                    rNumericArgs(12)));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
                         }
                     }
@@ -1667,9 +1708,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                     }
                     if (Ventilation(Loop).DeltaTempSchedPtr == 0 && lNumericFieldBlanks(13) && (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(8))) {
                         if (Item1 == 1) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cNumericFieldNames(13) +
-                                             ": the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used (" +
-                                             RoundSigDigits(VentilTempLimit, 1) + ") ");
+                            ShowWarningError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}{}: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used ({:.1R}) ",
+                                       RoutineName,
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(13),
+                                       VentilTempLimit));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
                         }
                     }
@@ -1677,15 +1721,19 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                     // Check delta temperature value and schedule fields
                     //    IF (lNumericFieldBlanks(13) .AND. cAlphaArgs(8) .EQ. BlankString) THEN
                     //      CALL ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName//'Both the delta temperature value and delta schedule are blank. ')
-                    //      CALL ShowContinueError(state, 'Will set the temperature to a constant value of '//TRIM(RoundSigDigits(-VentilTempLimit,1)) &
+                    //      CALL ShowContinueError(state, 'Will set the temperature to a constant value of '//TRIM(format("{:.1R}", -VentilTempLimit))
+                    //      &
                     //           //' degrees C ')
                     //      CALL ShowContinueError(state, 'in the Ventilation object = '//TRIM(cAlphaArgs(1))//' and the simulation continues...')
                     //    END IF
                     if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(13) && ((!lAlphaFieldBlanks(8)) && Ventilation(Loop).DeltaTempSchedPtr == 0)) {
                         if (Item1 == 1) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cAlphaFieldNames(8) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(8) +
-                                             " is invalid. The constant value will be used at " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(13), 1) +
-                                             " degrees C ");
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{}{} = {} is invalid. The constant value will be used at {:.1R} degrees C ",
+                                                    RoutineName,
+                                                    cAlphaFieldNames(8),
+                                                    cAlphaArgs(8),
+                                                    rNumericArgs(13)));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
                         }
                     }
@@ -1720,17 +1768,21 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                             }
                         }
                         if (Ventilation(Loop).MinOutdoorTempSchedPtr == 0 && lNumericFieldBlanks(14) && (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(9))) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName +
-                                             "Minimum Outdoor Temperature: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value "
-                                             "will be used (" +
-                                             RoundSigDigits(-VentilTempLimit, 1) + ") ");
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{}Minimum Outdoor Temperature: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The "
+                                                    "default value will be used ({:.1R}) ",
+                                                    RoutineName,
+                                                    -VentilTempLimit));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
                         }
                         // Check Minimum outdoor temperature value and schedule fields
                         if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(14) && ((!lAlphaFieldBlanks(9)) && Ventilation(Loop).MinOutdoorTempSchedPtr == 0)) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cAlphaFieldNames(9) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(9) +
-                                             " is invalid. The constant value will be used at " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(14), 1) +
-                                             " degrees C ");
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{}{} = {} is invalid. The constant value will be used at {:.1R} degrees C ",
+                                                    RoutineName,
+                                                    cAlphaFieldNames(9),
+                                                    cAlphaArgs(9),
+                                                    rNumericArgs(14)));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
                         }
                     }
@@ -1765,15 +1817,22 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                             }
                         }
                         if (Ventilation(Loop).MaxOutdoorTempSchedPtr == 0 && lNumericFieldBlanks(15) && (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(10))) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cNumericFieldNames(15) +
-                                             ": the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used (" +
-                                             RoundSigDigits(VentilTempLimit, 1) + ") ");
+                            ShowWarningError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}{}: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used ({:.1R}) ",
+                                       RoutineName,
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(15),
+                                       VentilTempLimit));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
                         }
                         // Check Maximum outdoor temperature value and schedule fields
                         if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(15) && ((!lAlphaFieldBlanks(10)) && Ventilation(Loop).MaxOutdoorTempSchedPtr == 0)) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cAlphaFieldNames(10) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(10) +
-                                             "is invalid. The constant value will be used at " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(15), 1) + " degrees C ");
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{}{} = {}is invalid. The constant value will be used at {:.1R} degrees C ",
+                                                    RoutineName,
+                                                    cAlphaFieldNames(10),
+                                                    cAlphaArgs(10),
+                                                    rNumericArgs(15)));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
                         }
                     }
@@ -2024,15 +2083,21 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                 }
             }
             if (Ventilation(VentiCount).MinIndoorTempSchedPtr == 0 && lNumericFieldBlanks(6) && (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(4))) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cNumericFieldNames(6) +
-                                 ": the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used (" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(-VentilTempLimit, 1) + ") ");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}{}: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used ({:.1R}) ",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        cNumericFieldNames(6),
+                                        -VentilTempLimit));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
             }
             // Check Minimum indoor temperature value and schedule fields
             if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(6) && (!cAlphaArgs(4).empty() && Ventilation(VentiCount).MinIndoorTempSchedPtr == 0)) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cAlphaFieldNames(4) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(4) + " is invalid. The constant value will be used at " +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(11), 1) + " degrees C ");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}{} = {} is invalid. The constant value will be used at {:.1R} degrees C ",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        cAlphaFieldNames(4),
+                                        cAlphaArgs(4),
+                                        rNumericArgs(11)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
             }
 
@@ -2063,15 +2128,21 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                 }
             }
             if (Ventilation(VentiCount).MaxIndoorTempSchedPtr == 0 && lNumericFieldBlanks(7) && (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(5))) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
-                                 ": the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used (" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(VentilTempLimit, 1) + ") ");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}{}: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used ({:.1R}) ",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                        VentilTempLimit));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
             }
             // Check Maximum indoor temperature value and schedule fields
             if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(7) && ((!lAlphaFieldBlanks(5)) && Ventilation(VentiCount).MaxIndoorTempSchedPtr == 0)) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cAlphaFieldNames(7) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(5) + " is invalid. The constant value will be used at " +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(7), 1) + " degrees C ");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}{} = {} is invalid. The constant value will be used at {:.1R} degrees C ",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        cAlphaFieldNames(7),
+                                        cAlphaArgs(5),
+                                        rNumericArgs(7)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
             }
 
@@ -2095,14 +2166,20 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                 }
             }
             if (Ventilation(VentiCount).DeltaTempSchedPtr == 0 && lNumericFieldBlanks(8) && (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(6))) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cNumericFieldNames(8) +
-                                 ": the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used (" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(VentilTempLimit, 1) + ") ");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}{}: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used ({:.1R}) ",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        cNumericFieldNames(8),
+                                        VentilTempLimit));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
             }
             if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(8) && ((!lAlphaFieldBlanks(6)) && Ventilation(VentiCount).DeltaTempSchedPtr == 0)) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cAlphaFieldNames(6) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(6) + " is invalid. The constant value will be used at " +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(8), 1) + " degrees C ");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}{} = {} is invalid. The constant value will be used at {:.1R} degrees C ",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        cAlphaFieldNames(6),
+                                        cAlphaArgs(6),
+                                        rNumericArgs(8)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
             }
 
@@ -2134,15 +2211,20 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
             }
             if (Ventilation(VentiCount).MinOutdoorTempSchedPtr == 0 && lNumericFieldBlanks(9) && (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(7))) {
                 ShowWarningError(state,
-                    RoutineName +
-                    "Minimum Outdoor Temperature: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used (" +
-                    RoundSigDigits(-VentilTempLimit, 1) + ") ");
+                                 format("{}Minimum Outdoor Temperature: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value "
+                                        "will be used ({:.1R}) ",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        -VentilTempLimit));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
             }
             // Check Minimum outdoor temperature value and schedule fields
             if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(9) && ((!lAlphaFieldBlanks(7)) && Ventilation(VentiCount).MinOutdoorTempSchedPtr == 0)) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cAlphaFieldNames(7) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(7) + " is invalid. The constant value will be used at " +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(14), 1) + " degrees C ");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}{} = {} is invalid. The constant value will be used at {:.1R} degrees C ",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        cAlphaFieldNames(7),
+                                        cAlphaArgs(7),
+                                        rNumericArgs(14)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
             }
 
@@ -2172,15 +2254,21 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                 }
             }
             if (Ventilation(VentiCount).MaxOutdoorTempSchedPtr == 0 && lNumericFieldBlanks(10) && (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(8))) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cNumericFieldNames(10) +
-                                 ": the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used (" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(VentilTempLimit, 1) + ") ");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}{}: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used ({:.1R}) ",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        cNumericFieldNames(10),
+                                        VentilTempLimit));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
             }
             // Check Maximum outdoor temperature value and schedule fields
             if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(10) && ((!lAlphaFieldBlanks(8)) && Ventilation(VentiCount).MaxOutdoorTempSchedPtr == 0)) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cAlphaFieldNames(8) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(8) + "is invalid. The constant value will be used at " +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(10), 1) + " degrees C ");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}{} = {}is invalid. The constant value will be used at {:.1R} degrees C ",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        cAlphaFieldNames(8),
+                                        cAlphaArgs(8),
+                                        rNumericArgs(10)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
             }
 
@@ -2372,8 +2460,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                                  " specifies " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Zone Floor Area = 0.  0 Mixing will result.");
                             }
                         } else {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
-                                            "\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 3));
+                            ShowSevereError(state,
+                                            format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                   RoutineName,
+                                                   cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                   cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                   rNumericArgs(2)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -2391,8 +2483,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                                  " specifies " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + ", but Zone Total Occupants = 0.  0 Mixing will result.");
                             }
                         } else {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
-                                            "\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 3));
+                            ShowSevereError(state,
+                                            format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                   RoutineName,
+                                                   cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                   cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                   rNumericArgs(3)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -2410,8 +2506,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                                  " specifies " + cNumericFieldNames(4) + ", but Zone Volume = 0.  0 Mixing will result.");
                             }
                         } else {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
-                                            "\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(4), 3));
+                            ShowSevereError(state,
+                                            format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                   RoutineName,
+                                                   cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                   cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                   rNumericArgs(4)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -2449,14 +2549,20 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                 }
             }
             if (Mixing(Loop).DeltaTempSchedPtr == 0 && lNumericFieldBlanks(5) && (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(6))) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cNumericFieldNames(5) +
-                                 ": the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used (" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 1) + ") ");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}{}: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used ({:.1R}) ",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        cNumericFieldNames(5),
+                                        rNumericArgs(5)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
             }
             if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(5) && ((!lAlphaFieldBlanks(6)) && Mixing(Loop).DeltaTempSchedPtr == 0)) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cAlphaFieldNames(6) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(6) + " is invalid. The constant value will be used at " +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 1) + " degrees C ");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}{} = {} is invalid. The constant value will be used at {:.1R} degrees C ",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        cAlphaFieldNames(6),
+                                        cAlphaArgs(6),
+                                        rNumericArgs(5)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
             }
 
@@ -2749,7 +2855,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                 int airBoundaryIndex = Loop - inputCrossMixing - 1; //zero-based
                 int zone1 = DataHeatBalance::AirBoundaryMixingZone1[airBoundaryIndex];
                 int zone2 = DataHeatBalance::AirBoundaryMixingZone2[airBoundaryIndex];
-                CrossMixing(Loop).Name = "Air Boundary Mixing Zones " + General::RoundSigDigits(zone1) + " and " + General::RoundSigDigits(zone2);
+                CrossMixing(Loop).Name = fmt::format("Air Boundary Mixing Zones {} and {}", zone1, zone2);
                 CrossMixing(Loop).ZonePtr = zone1;
                 CrossMixing(Loop).SchedPtr = DataHeatBalance::AirBoundaryMixingSched[airBoundaryIndex];
                 CrossMixing(Loop).DesignLevel = DataHeatBalance::AirBoundaryMixingVol[airBoundaryIndex];
@@ -2813,8 +2919,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                 }
                             }
                             else {
-                                ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
-                                    "\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 3));
+                                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                       RoutineName,
+                                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                       rNumericArgs(2)));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -2835,8 +2945,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                 }
                             }
                             else {
-                                ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
-                                    "\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 3));
+                                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                       RoutineName,
+                                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                       rNumericArgs(3)));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -2856,8 +2970,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                                 }
                             }
                             else {
-                                ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
-                                    "\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(4), 3));
+                                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid flow/person specification [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                       RoutineName,
+                                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                       rNumericArgs(4)));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -2896,14 +3014,20 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
                     }
                 }
                 if (CrossMixing(Loop).DeltaTempSchedPtr == 0 && lNumericFieldBlanks(5) && (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(6))) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cNumericFieldNames(5) +
-                        ": the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used (" +
-                        RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 1) + ") ");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{}{}: the value field is blank and schedule field is invalid. The default value will be used ({:.1R}) ",
+                                            RoutineName,
+                                            cNumericFieldNames(5),
+                                            rNumericArgs(5)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "in " + cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
                 }
                 if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(5) && ((!lAlphaFieldBlanks(6)) && CrossMixing(Loop).DeltaTempSchedPtr == 0)) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cAlphaFieldNames(6) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(6) + " is invalid. The constant value will be used at " +
-                        RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 1) + " degrees C ");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{}{} = {} is invalid. The constant value will be used at {:.1R} degrees C ",
+                                            RoutineName,
+                                            cAlphaFieldNames(6),
+                                            cAlphaArgs(6),
+                                            rNumericArgs(5)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "in the " + cCurrentModuleObject + " object = " + cAlphaArgs(1) + " and the simulation continues...");
                 }
 
@@ -4092,7 +4216,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceAirManager {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceHAMTManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceHAMTManager.cc
index 954593aef66..c2780c6fd2c 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceHAMTManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceHAMTManager.cc
@@ -718,9 +718,8 @@ namespace HeatBalanceHAMTManager {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::ScanForReports;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1042,7 +1041,8 @@ namespace HeatBalanceHAMTManager {
             print(state.files.eio, "\n");
 
             for (int cellid = Extcell(sid), concell = 1; cellid <= Intcell(sid); ++cellid, ++concell) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "HAMT Surface Temperature Cell " + TrimSigDigits(concell) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("HAMT Surface Temperature Cell {}", concell),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     cells(cellid).temp,
                                     "Zone",
@@ -1050,7 +1050,8 @@ namespace HeatBalanceHAMTManager {
                                     Surface(sid).Name);
             }
             for (int cellid = Extcell(sid), concell = 1; cellid <= Intcell(sid); ++cellid, ++concell) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "HAMT Surface Water Content Cell " + TrimSigDigits(concell) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("HAMT Surface Water Content Cell {}", concell),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::kg_kg,
                                     cells(cellid).wreport,
                                     "Zone",
@@ -1058,7 +1059,8 @@ namespace HeatBalanceHAMTManager {
                                     Surface(sid).Name);
             }
             for (int cellid = Extcell(sid), concell = 1; cellid <= Intcell(sid); ++cellid, ++concell) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "HAMT Surface Relative Humidity Cell " + TrimSigDigits(concell) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("HAMT Surface Relative Humidity Cell {}", concell),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::Perc,
                                     cells(cellid).rhp,
                                     "Zone",
@@ -1102,7 +1104,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceHAMTManager {
         using DataHeatBalSurface::SurfQAdditionalHeatSourceInside;
         using DataSurfaces::OSCM;
         using DataSurfaces::OtherSideCondModeledExt;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1379,8 +1380,8 @@ namespace HeatBalanceHAMTManager {
             if (tempmax > MaxSurfaceTempLimit) {
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                     if (Surface(sid).HighTempErrCount == 0) {
-                        ShowSevereMessage(state, "HAMT: Temperature (high) out of bounds (" + RoundSigDigits(tempmax, 2) +
-                                          ") for surface=" + Surface(sid).Name);
+                        ShowSevereMessage(state,
+                                          format("HAMT: Temperature (high) out of bounds ({:.2R}) for surface={}", tempmax, Surface(sid).Name));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "HAMT: Temperature Temperature (high) out of bounds; Surface=" + Surface(sid).Name,
@@ -1394,8 +1395,8 @@ namespace HeatBalanceHAMTManager {
             }
             if (tempmax > MaxSurfaceTempLimitBeforeFatal) {
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "HAMT: HAMT: Temperature (high) out of bounds ( " + RoundSigDigits(tempmax, 2) +
-                                    ") for surface=" + Surface(sid).Name);
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("HAMT: HAMT: Temperature (high) out of bounds ( {:.2R}) for surface={}", tempmax, Surface(sid).Name));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition.");
                 }
@@ -1403,8 +1404,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceHAMTManager {
             if (tempmin < MinSurfaceTempLimit) {
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                     if (Surface(sid).HighTempErrCount == 0) {
-                        ShowSevereMessage(state, "HAMT: Temperature (low) out of bounds (" + RoundSigDigits(tempmin, 2) +
-                                          ") for surface=" + Surface(sid).Name);
+                        ShowSevereMessage(state, format("HAMT: Temperature (low) out of bounds ({:.2R}) for surface={}", tempmin, Surface(sid).Name));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "HAMT: Temperature Temperature (high) out of bounds; Surface=" + Surface(sid).Name,
@@ -1418,8 +1418,8 @@ namespace HeatBalanceHAMTManager {
             }
             if (tempmin < MinSurfaceTempLimitBeforeFatal) {
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "HAMT: HAMT: Temperature (low) out of bounds ( " + RoundSigDigits(tempmin, 2) +
-                                    ") for surface=" + Surface(sid).Name);
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("HAMT: HAMT: Temperature (low) out of bounds ( {:.2R}) for surface={}", tempmin, Surface(sid).Name));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition.");
                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceIntRadExchange.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceIntRadExchange.cc
index 5560d919811..6d31b779f64 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceIntRadExchange.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceIntRadExchange.cc
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceIntRadExchange {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::ScanForReports;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1122,7 +1122,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceIntRadExchange {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Argument array dimensioning
         F.dim(N, N);
@@ -1159,8 +1158,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceIntRadExchange {
 
             if (NumNums < 3 * pow_2(N)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetInputViewFactors: " + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + ZoneName + "\", not enough values.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Number of input values [" + TrimSigDigits(NumNums) + "] is less than the required number=[" +
-                                  TrimSigDigits(3 * pow_2(N)) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Number of input values [{}] is less than the required number=[{}].", NumNums, 3 * pow_2(N)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 NumNums = 0;
             }
@@ -1309,7 +1307,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceIntRadExchange {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Argument array dimensioning
         F.dim(N, N);
@@ -1351,8 +1348,11 @@ namespace HeatBalanceIntRadExchange {
 
             if (NumNums < pow_2(N)) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "GetInputViewFactors: " + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + EnclosureName + "\", not enough values.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Number of input values [" + TrimSigDigits(NumNums) + "] is less than the required number=[" +
-                                  TrimSigDigits(pow_2(N)) + "] Missing surface pairs will have a zero view factor.");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("...Number of input values [{}] is less than the required number=[{}] Missing surface pairs will have a zero view factor.",
+                           NumNums,
+                           pow_2(N)));
             }
             F = 0.0;
             numinx1 = 0;
@@ -1541,7 +1541,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceIntRadExchange {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Argument array dimensioning
         EP_SIZE_CHECK(A, N);
@@ -1714,8 +1713,11 @@ namespace HeatBalanceIntRadExchange {
                 if (CheckConvergeTolerance > 0.005) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "FixViewFactors: View factors not complete. Check for bad surface descriptions or unenclosed zone=\"" +
                                      enclName + "\".");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Enforced reciprocity has tolerance (ideal is 0)=[" + RoundSigDigits(CheckConvergeTolerance, 6) +
-                                      "], Row Sum (ideal is " + RoundSigDigits(N) + ")=[" + RoundSigDigits(RowSum, 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Enforced reciprocity has tolerance (ideal is 0)=[{:.6R}], Row Sum (ideal is {})=[{:.2R}].",
+                                             CheckConvergeTolerance,
+                                             N,
+                                             RowSum));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "If zone is unusual, or tolerance is on the order of 0.001, view factors are probably OK.");
                 }
                 if (std::abs(FixedCheckValue) < std::abs(OriginalCheckValue)) {
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceKivaManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceKivaManager.cc
index b1636b4e7d0..d435cf576ca 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceKivaManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceKivaManager.cc
@@ -62,13 +62,9 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalFanSys.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalSurface.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataStringGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSurfaces.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSystemVariables.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataVectorTypes.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneControls.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DisplayRoutines.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceKivaManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Material.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/ScheduleManager.hh>
@@ -136,8 +132,11 @@ namespace HeatBalanceKivaManager {
             constructionName = DataHeatBalance::Construct(constructionNum).Name;
         }
 
-        ss.dir = FileSystem::getAbsolutePath(DataStringGlobals::outDirPathName) + "/" + DataSurfaces::Surface(floorSurface).Name + " " +
-                 General::RoundSigDigits(ground.foundation.foundationDepth, 2) + " " + constructionName;
+        ss.dir = format("{}/{} {:.2R} {}",
+                        FileSystem::getAbsolutePath(DataStringGlobals::outDirPathName),
+                        DataSurfaces::Surface(floorSurface).Name,
+                        ground.foundation.foundationDepth,
+                        constructionName);
 
         debugDir = ss.dir;
         plotNum = 0;
@@ -293,9 +292,11 @@ namespace HeatBalanceKivaManager {
 
                 } else {
                     Tin = 0.0;
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "Illegal control type for Zone=" + DataHeatBalance::Zone(zoneNum).Name +
-                                    ", Found value=" + General::TrimSigDigits(controlType) +
-                                    ", in Schedule=" + DataZoneControls::TempControlledZone(zoneControlNum).ControlTypeSchedName);
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("Illegal control type for Zone={}, Found value={}, in Schedule={}",
+                                           DataHeatBalance::Zone(zoneNum).Name,
+                                           controlType,
+                                           DataZoneControls::TempControlledZone(zoneControlNum).ControlTypeSchedName));
                 }
                 break;
             }
@@ -772,7 +773,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceKivaManager {
                                              "\", wall surfaces with more than four vertices referencing");
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 "...Foundation Outside Boundary Conditions may not be interpreted correctly in the 2D finite difference model.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Surface=\"" + Surfaces(wl).Name + "\", has " + General::TrimSigDigits(numVs) + " vertices.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface=\"{}\", has {} vertices.", Surfaces(wl).Name, numVs));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Consider separating the wall into separate surfaces, each spanning from the floor slab to the top of "
                                               "the foundation wall.");
                         }
@@ -969,11 +970,14 @@ namespace HeatBalanceKivaManager {
                     }
 
                     if (fnd.deepGroundDepth > initDeepGroundDepth) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "Foundation:Kiva=\"" + foundationInputs[surface.OSCPtr].name + "\", the autocalculated deep ground depth (" +
-                                         General::TrimSigDigits(initDeepGroundDepth, 3) + " m) is shallower than foundation construction elements (" +
-                                         General::TrimSigDigits(fnd.deepGroundDepth - 1.0, 3) + " m)");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The deep ground depth will be set one meter below the lowest element (" +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(fnd.deepGroundDepth, 3) + " m)");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("Foundation:Kiva=\"{}\", the autocalculated deep ground depth ({:.3T} m) is shallower than "
+                                                "foundation construction elements ({:.3T} m)",
+                                                foundationInputs[surface.OSCPtr].name,
+                                                initDeepGroundDepth,
+                                                fnd.deepGroundDepth - 1.0));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("The deep ground depth will be set one meter below the lowest element ({:.3T} m)", fnd.deepGroundDepth));
                     }
 
                     // polygon
@@ -1144,8 +1148,8 @@ namespace HeatBalanceKivaManager {
             }
         }
 
-        gp.createFrame(std::to_string(DataEnvironment::Month) + "/" + std::to_string(DataEnvironment::DayOfMonth) + " " +
-                       std::to_string(state.dataGlobal->HourOfDay) + ":00");
+        gp.createFrame(fmt::to_string(DataEnvironment::Month) + "/" + fmt::to_string(DataEnvironment::DayOfMonth) + " " +
+                       fmt::to_string(state.dataGlobal->HourOfDay) + ":00");
 
 #ifndef NDEBUG
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceManager.cc
index 935308adb38..56ffcf666c9 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceManager.cc
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataIPShortCuts.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataReportingFlags.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataRoomAirModel.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataStringGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSurfaces.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSystemVariables.hh>
@@ -91,7 +90,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceIntRadExchange.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceSurfaceManager.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/HybridModel.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InternalHeatGains.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/MatrixDataManager.hh>
@@ -109,7 +107,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/WindowComplexManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/WindowEquivalentLayer.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/WindowManager.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/WindowModel.hh>
 
 namespace EnergyPlus {
 
@@ -500,7 +497,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
         // Counts or details unused constructions.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -551,10 +548,10 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             TotConstructs - std::count_if(state.dataConstruction->Construct.begin(), state.dataConstruction->Construct.end(), [](Construction::ConstructionProps const &e) { return e.IsUsed; });
         if (Unused > 0) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "CheckUsedConstructions: There are " + RoundSigDigits(Unused) + " nominally unused constructions in input.");
+                ShowWarningError(state, format("CheckUsedConstructions: There are {} nominally unused constructions in input.", Unused));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "For explicit details on each unused construction, use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings;");
             } else {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "CheckUsedConstructions: There are " + RoundSigDigits(Unused) + " nominally unused constructions in input.");
+                ShowWarningError(state, format("CheckUsedConstructions: There are {} nominally unused constructions in input.", Unused));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Each Unused construction is shown.");
                 for (Loop = 1; Loop <= TotConstructs; ++Loop) {
                     if (state.dataConstruction->Construct(Loop).IsUsed) continue;
@@ -688,7 +685,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataHVACGlobals::HVACSystemRootFinding;
         using DataSystemVariables::lMinimalShadowing;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -779,15 +775,15 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             // Loads Convergence Tolerance Value
             LoadsConvergTol = BuildingNumbers(2);
             if (LoadsConvergTol <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " value invalid, [" +
-                                RoundSigDigits(LoadsConvergTol, 3) + ']');
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}{}: {} value invalid, [{:.3R}]", RoutineName, CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFieldNames(2), LoadsConvergTol));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             // Temperature Convergence Tolerance Value
             TempConvergTol = BuildingNumbers(3);
             if (TempConvergTol <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " value invalid, [" +
-                                RoundSigDigits(TempConvergTol, 3) + ']');
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}{}: {} value invalid, [{:.3R}]", RoutineName, CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFieldNames(2), TempConvergTol));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             // Solar Distribution
@@ -820,8 +816,13 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(4)) {
                 MaxNumberOfWarmupDays = BuildingNumbers(4);
                 if (MaxNumberOfWarmupDays <= 0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + cNumericFieldNames(4) + " invalid, [" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(MaxNumberOfWarmupDays) + "], " + RoundSigDigits(DefaultMaxNumberOfWarmupDays) + " will be used");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}{}: {} invalid, [{}], {} will be used",
+                                           RoutineName,
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cNumericFieldNames(4),
+                                           MaxNumberOfWarmupDays,
+                                           DefaultMaxNumberOfWarmupDays));
                     MaxNumberOfWarmupDays = DefaultMaxNumberOfWarmupDays;
                 }
             } else {
@@ -831,17 +832,28 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(5)) {
                 MinNumberOfWarmupDays = BuildingNumbers(5);
                 if (MinNumberOfWarmupDays <= 0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + " invalid, [" +
-                                     RoundSigDigits(MinNumberOfWarmupDays) + "], " + RoundSigDigits(DefaultMinNumberOfWarmupDays) + " will be used");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{}{}: {} invalid, [{}], {} will be used",
+                                            RoutineName,
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            cNumericFieldNames(5),
+                                            MinNumberOfWarmupDays,
+                                            DefaultMinNumberOfWarmupDays));
                     MinNumberOfWarmupDays = DefaultMinNumberOfWarmupDays;
                 }
             } else {
                 MinNumberOfWarmupDays = DefaultMinNumberOfWarmupDays;
             }
             if (MinNumberOfWarmupDays > MaxNumberOfWarmupDays) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + ": " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(MinNumberOfWarmupDays) +
-                                 "]  is greater than " + cNumericFieldNames(4) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(MaxNumberOfWarmupDays) + "], " +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(MinNumberOfWarmupDays) + " will be used.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}{}: {} [{}]  is greater than {} [{}], {} will be used.",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        CurrentModuleObject,
+                                        cNumericFieldNames(5),
+                                        MinNumberOfWarmupDays,
+                                        cNumericFieldNames(4),
+                                        MaxNumberOfWarmupDays,
+                                        MinNumberOfWarmupDays));
                 MaxNumberOfWarmupDays = MinNumberOfWarmupDays;
             }
 
@@ -1011,9 +1023,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                     DataHeatBalance::AnyCondFD = true;
                     DataHeatBalance::AllCTF = false;
                     if (state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour < 20) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "GetSolutionAlgorithm: " + CurrentModuleObject + ' ' + cAlphaFieldNames(1) +
-                                        " is Conduction Finite Difference but Number of TimeSteps in Hour < 20, Value is " +
-                                        RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) + '.');
+                        ShowSevereError(
+                            state,
+                            format("GetSolutionAlgorithm: {} {} is Conduction Finite Difference but Number of TimeSteps in Hour < 20, Value is {}.",
+                                   CurrentModuleObject,
+                                   cAlphaFieldNames(1),
+                                   state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Suggested minimum number of time steps in hour for Conduction Finite Difference solutions is 20. "
                                           "Errors or inaccurate calculations may occur.");
                     }
@@ -1023,9 +1038,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                     DataHeatBalance::AnyHAMT = true;
                     DataHeatBalance::AllCTF = false;
                     if (state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour < 20) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "GetSolutionAlgorithm: " + CurrentModuleObject + ' ' + cAlphaFieldNames(1) +
-                                        " is Combined Heat and Moisture Finite Element but Number of TimeSteps in Hour < 20, Value is " +
-                                        RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) + '.');
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("GetSolutionAlgorithm: {} {} is Combined Heat and Moisture Finite Element but Number of TimeSteps in "
+                                               "Hour < 20, Value is {}.",
+                                               CurrentModuleObject,
+                                               cAlphaFieldNames(1),
+                                               state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Suggested minimum number of time steps in hour for Combined Heat and Moisture Finite Element solutions "
                                           "is 20. Errors or inaccurate calculations may occur.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...If the simulation crashes, look at material properties (esp porosity), use timestep=60, or less layers "
@@ -1414,7 +1432,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
         // Reads the input data for the SITE ATMOSPHERIC VARIATION object.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int NumObjects;
@@ -1499,9 +1516,8 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
 
         using CurveManager::GetCurveIndex;
         using CurveManager::GetCurveMinMaxValues;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::ScanForReports;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // if this has a size, then input has already been gotten
         if (UniqueMaterialNames.size()) {
@@ -1750,7 +1766,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             for (Loop = 1; Loop <= TotFfactorConstructs + TotCfactorConstructs; ++Loop) {
                 ++MaterNum;
                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Group = RegularMaterial;
-                dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Name = "~FC_Insulation_" + RoundSigDigits(Loop);
+                dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Name = format("~FC_Insulation_{}", Loop);
                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).ROnly = true;
                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Roughness = MediumRough;
                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).AbsorpSolar = 0.0;
@@ -2104,29 +2120,35 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                         GetCurveMinMaxValues(state, dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).GlassSpecAngTransDataPtr, minAngValue, maxAngValue, minLamValue, maxLamValue);
                         if (minAngValue > 1.0e-6) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
-                            ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
-                                            "\", Invalid minimum value of angle = " + RoundSigDigits(minAngValue, 2) + ".");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}=\"{}\", Invalid minimum value of angle = {:.2R}.", CurrentModuleObject, MaterialNames(1), minAngValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                               " requires the minumum value = 0.0 in the entered table name=" + MaterialNames(5));
                         }
                         if (std::abs(maxAngValue - 90.0) > 1.0e-6) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
-                            ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
-                                            "\", Invalid maximum value of angle = " + RoundSigDigits(maxAngValue, 2) + ".");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}=\"{}\", Invalid maximum value of angle = {:.2R}.", CurrentModuleObject, MaterialNames(1), maxAngValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                               " requires the maximum value = 90.0 in the entered table name=" + MaterialNames(5));
                         }
                         if (minLamValue < 0.1) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
-                            ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
-                                            "\", Invalid minimum value of wavelength = " + RoundSigDigits(minLamValue, 2) + ".");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format(
+                                    "{}=\"{}\", Invalid minimum value of wavelength = {:.2R}.", CurrentModuleObject, MaterialNames(1), minLamValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                               " requires the minumum value = 0.1 micron in the entered table name=" + MaterialNames(5));
                         }
                         if (maxLamValue > 4.0) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
-                            ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
-                                            "\", Invalid maximum value of wavelength = " + RoundSigDigits(maxLamValue, 2) + ".");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format(
+                                    "{}=\"{}\", Invalid maximum value of wavelength = {:.2R}.", CurrentModuleObject, MaterialNames(1), maxLamValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                               " requires the maximum value = 4.0 microns in the entered table name=" + MaterialNames(5));
                         }
@@ -2153,29 +2175,35 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                         GetCurveMinMaxValues(state, dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).GlassSpecAngFRefleDataPtr, minAngValue, maxAngValue, minLamValue, maxLamValue);
                         if (minAngValue > 1.0e-6) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
-                            ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
-                                            "\", Invalid minimum value of angle = " + RoundSigDigits(minAngValue, 2) + ".");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}=\"{}\", Invalid minimum value of angle = {:.2R}.", CurrentModuleObject, MaterialNames(1), minAngValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                               " requires the minumum value = 0.0 in the entered table name=" + MaterialNames(5));
                         }
                         if (std::abs(maxAngValue - 90.0) > 1.0e-6) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
-                            ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
-                                            "\", Invalid maximum value of angle = " + RoundSigDigits(maxAngValue, 2) + ".");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}=\"{}\", Invalid maximum value of angle = {:.2R}.", CurrentModuleObject, MaterialNames(1), maxAngValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                               " requires the maximum value = 90.0 in the entered table name=" + MaterialNames(5));
                         }
                         if (minLamValue < 0.1) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
-                            ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
-                                            "\", Invalid minimum value of wavelength = " + RoundSigDigits(minLamValue, 2) + ".");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format(
+                                    "{}=\"{}\", Invalid minimum value of wavelength = {:.2R}.", CurrentModuleObject, MaterialNames(1), minLamValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                               " requires the minumum value = 0.1 micron in the entered table name=" + MaterialNames(5));
                         }
                         if (maxLamValue > 4.0) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
-                            ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
-                                            "\", Invalid maximum value of wavelength = " + RoundSigDigits(maxLamValue, 2) + ".");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format(
+                                    "{}=\"{}\", Invalid maximum value of wavelength = {:.2R}.", CurrentModuleObject, MaterialNames(1), maxLamValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                               " requires the maximum value = 4.0 microns in the entered table name=" + MaterialNames(5));
                         }
@@ -2202,29 +2230,35 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                         GetCurveMinMaxValues(state, dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).GlassSpecAngBRefleDataPtr, minAngValue, maxAngValue, minLamValue, maxLamValue);
                         if (minAngValue > 1.0e-6) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
-                            ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
-                                            "\", Invalid minimum value of angle = " + RoundSigDigits(minAngValue, 2) + ".");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}=\"{}\", Invalid minimum value of angle = {:.2R}.", CurrentModuleObject, MaterialNames(1), minAngValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                               " requires the minumum value = 0.0 in the entered table name=" + MaterialNames(5));
                         }
                         if (std::abs(maxAngValue - 90.0) > 1.0e-6) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
-                            ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
-                                            "\", Invalid maximum value of angle = " + RoundSigDigits(maxAngValue, 2) + ".");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}=\"{}\", Invalid maximum value of angle = {:.2R}.", CurrentModuleObject, MaterialNames(1), maxAngValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                               " requires the maximum value = 90.0 in the entered table name=" + MaterialNames(5));
                         }
                         if (minLamValue < 0.1) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
-                            ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
-                                            "\", Invalid minimum value of wavelength = " + RoundSigDigits(minLamValue, 2) + ".");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format(
+                                    "{}=\"{}\", Invalid minimum value of wavelength = {:.2R}.", CurrentModuleObject, MaterialNames(1), minLamValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                               " requires the minumum value = 0.1 micron in the entered table name=" + MaterialNames(5));
                         }
                         if (maxLamValue > 4.0) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
-                            ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) +
-                                            "\", Invalid maximum value of wavelength = " + RoundSigDigits(maxLamValue, 2) + ".");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format(
+                                    "{}=\"{}\", Invalid maximum value of wavelength = {:.2R}.", CurrentModuleObject, MaterialNames(1), maxLamValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                               " requires the maximum value = 4.0 microns in the entered table name=" + MaterialNames(5));
                         }
@@ -2508,8 +2542,8 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                     NominalR(MaterNum) = dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Thickness / DenomRGas;
                 } else {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", Illegal value.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Nominal resistance of gap at room temperature calculated at a negative Conductivity=[" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(DenomRGas, 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("Nominal resistance of gap at room temperature calculated at a negative Conductivity=[{:.3R}].", DenomRGas));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -2629,8 +2663,8 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                     NominalR(MaterNum) = dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Thickness / DenomRGas;
                 } else {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", Illegal value.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Nominal resistance of gap at room temperature calculated at a negative Conductivity=[" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(DenomRGas, 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("Nominal resistance of gap at room temperature calculated at a negative Conductivity=[{:.3R}].", DenomRGas));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3215,8 +3249,9 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                         ShowContinueError(state, " ...and wire spacing using the formula = wire spacing * (1.0 - SQRT(Opennes))");
                         dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).ScreenWireDiameter =
                             dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).ScreenWireSpacing * (1.0 - std::sqrt(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).TausFrontBeamBeam));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " ...Recalculated " + cNumericFieldNames(10) + '=' +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).ScreenWireDiameter, 4) + " m");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format(" ...Recalculated {}={:.4R} m", cNumericFieldNames(10), dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).ScreenWireDiameter));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -3322,8 +3357,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
 
             if (Blind(Loop).SlatWidth < Blind(Loop).SlatSeparation) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", Slat Angles/Widths");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Blind(Loop).SlatWidth, 2) + "] is less than " +
-                                  cNumericFieldNames(2) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(Blind(Loop).SlatSeparation, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.2R}] is less than {} [{:.2R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         Blind(Loop).SlatWidth,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         Blind(Loop).SlatSeparation));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "This will allow direct beam to be transmitted when Slat angle = 0.");
             }
 
@@ -3451,15 +3490,19 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                 if (Blind(Loop).SlatAngle < MinSlatAngGeom) {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", Illegal value combination.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(4) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(Blind(Loop).SlatAngle, 1) +
-                                      "], is less than smallest allowed by slat dimensions and spacing, [" + RoundSigDigits(MinSlatAngGeom, 1) +
-                                      "] deg.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("{}=[{:.1R}], is less than smallest allowed by slat dimensions and spacing, [{:.1R}] deg.",
+                                             cNumericFieldNames(4),
+                                             Blind(Loop).SlatAngle,
+                                             MinSlatAngGeom));
                 } else if (Blind(Loop).SlatAngle > MaxSlatAngGeom) {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", Illegal value combination.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(4) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(Blind(Loop).SlatAngle, 1) +
-                                      "], is greater than largest allowed by slat dimensions and spacing, [" + RoundSigDigits(MinSlatAngGeom, 1) +
-                                      "] deg.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("{}=[{:.1R}], is greater than largest allowed by slat dimensions and spacing, [{:.1R}] deg.",
+                                             cNumericFieldNames(4),
+                                             Blind(Loop).SlatAngle,
+                                             MinSlatAngGeom));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -3598,35 +3641,45 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             }
             if (dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatWidth < dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatSeparation) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", Slat Seperation/Width");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatWidth, 2) + "] is less than " +
-                                  cNumericFieldNames(2) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatSeparation, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.2R}] is less than {} [{:.2R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatWidth,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatSeparation));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "This will allow direct beam to be transmitted when Slat angle = 0.");
             }
             if (dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatSeparation < 0.001) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", Slat Seperation");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(2) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatSeparation, 2) +
-                                  "]. Slate spacing must be > 0.0");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state, format("{} [{:.2R}]. Slate spacing must be > 0.0", cNumericFieldNames(2), dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatSeparation));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting slate spacing to default value of 0.025 m and simulation continues.");
                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatSeparation = 0.025;
             }
             if (dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatWidth < 0.001 || dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatWidth >= 2.0 * dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatSeparation) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", Slat Width");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatWidth, 2) +
-                                  "]. Slat width range is 0 < Width <= 2*Spacing");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.2R}]. Slat width range is 0 < Width <= 2*Spacing",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatWidth));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting slate width equal to slate spacing and simulation continues.");
                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatWidth = dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatSeparation;
             }
             if (dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatCrown < 0.0 || dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatCrown >= 0.5 * dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatWidth) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", Slat Crown");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(3) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatCrown, 2) +
-                                  "]. Slat crwon range is 0 <= crown < 0.5*Width");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.2R}]. Slat crwon range is 0 <= crown < 0.5*Width",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                         dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatCrown));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting slate crown to 0.0 and simulation continues.");
                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatCrown = 0.0;
             }
             if (dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatAngle < -90.0 || dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatAngle > 90.0) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", Slat Angle");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(4) + " [" + RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatAngle, 2) +
-                                  "]. Slat angle range is -90.0 <= Angle < 90.0");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.2R}]. Slat angle range is -90.0 <= Angle < 90.0",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(4),
+                                         dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatAngle));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Setting slate angle to 0.0 and simulation continues.");
                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).SlatAngle = 0.0;
             }
@@ -3735,10 +3788,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             if (dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).InitMoisture > dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Porosity) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + MaterialNames(1) + "\", Illegal value combination.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(15) + " is greater than " + cNumericFieldNames(13) + ". It must be less or equal.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(13) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Porosity, 3) + ".");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(15) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).InitMoisture, 3) + ".");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(15) +
-                                  " is reset to the maximum (saturation) value = " + TrimSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Porosity, 3) + ".");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.3T}.", cNumericFieldNames(13), dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Porosity));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.3T}.", cNumericFieldNames(15), dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).InitMoisture));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} is reset to the maximum (saturation) value = {:.3T}.",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(15),
+                                         dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Porosity));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Simulation continues.");
                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).InitMoisture = dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Porosity;
             }
@@ -3949,7 +4004,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -4009,17 +4063,19 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             TotLam = SpecDataNumProp / 4;
             if (mod(SpecDataNumProp, 4) != 0) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + SpecDataNames(1) + "\" invalid set.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... set not even multiple of 4 items (Wavelength,Trans,ReflFront,ReflBack), number of items in dataset = " +
-                                  TrimSigDigits(SpecDataNumProp));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... remainder after div by 4 = " + TrimSigDigits(mod(SpecDataNumProp, 4)) +
-                                  ", remainder items will be set to 0.0");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("... set not even multiple of 4 items (Wavelength,Trans,ReflFront,ReflBack), number of items in dataset = {}",
+                           SpecDataNumProp));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... remainder after div by 4 = {}, remainder items will be set to 0.0", mod(SpecDataNumProp, 4)));
                 SpecDataProps({SpecDataNumProp + 1, min(SpecDataNumProp + 4, Construction::MaxSpectralDataElements * 4)}) = 0.0;
             }
             if (TotLam > Construction::MaxSpectralDataElements) {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + SpecDataNames(1) + "\" invalid set.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... More than max [" + TrimSigDigits(Construction::MaxSpectralDataElements) +
-                                  "] (Wavelength,Trans,ReflFront,ReflBack) entries in set.");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("... More than max [{}] (Wavelength,Trans,ReflFront,ReflBack) entries in set.", Construction::MaxSpectralDataElements));
                 continue;
             }
             SpectralData(Loop).NumOfWavelengths = TotLam;
@@ -4049,17 +4105,19 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                     if (SpectralData(Loop).WaveLength(LamNum + 1) <= Lam) {
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + SpecDataNames(1) + "\" invalid set.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Wavelengths not in increasing order. at wavelength#=" + TrimSigDigits(LamNum) + ", value=[" +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(Lam, 4) + "], next is [" + TrimSigDigits(SpectralData(Loop).WaveLength(LamNum + 1), 4) +
-                                          "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("... Wavelengths not in increasing order. at wavelength#={}, value=[{:.4T}], next is [{:.4T}].",
+                                                 LamNum,
+                                                 Lam,
+                                                 SpectralData(Loop).WaveLength(LamNum + 1)));
                     }
                 }
 
                 if (Lam < 0.1 || Lam > 4.0) {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + SpecDataNames(1) + "\" invalid value.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... A wavelength is not in the range 0.1 to 4.0 microns; at wavelength#=" + TrimSigDigits(LamNum) +
-                                      ", value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Lam, 4) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("... A wavelength is not in the range 0.1 to 4.0 microns; at wavelength#={}, value=[{:.4T}].", LamNum, Lam));
                 }
 
                 // TH 2/15/2011. CR 8343
@@ -4068,25 +4126,22 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                 if (Tau > 1.01) {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + SpecDataNames(1) + "\" invalid value.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... A transmittance is > 1.0; at wavelength#=" + TrimSigDigits(LamNum) + ", value=[" + TrimSigDigits(Tau, 4) +
-                                      "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... A transmittance is > 1.0; at wavelength#={}, value=[{:.4T}].", LamNum, Tau));
                 }
 
                 if (RhoF < 0.0 || RhoF > 1.02 || RhoB < 0.0 || RhoB > 1.02) {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + SpecDataNames(1) + "\" invalid value.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... A reflectance is < 0.0 or > 1.0; at wavelength#=" + TrimSigDigits(LamNum) + ", RhoF value=[" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(RhoF, 4) + "].");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... A reflectance is < 0.0 or > 1.0; at wavelength#=" + TrimSigDigits(LamNum) + ", RhoB value=[" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(RhoB, 4) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... A reflectance is < 0.0 or > 1.0; at wavelength#={}, RhoF value=[{:.4T}].", LamNum, RhoF));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... A reflectance is < 0.0 or > 1.0; at wavelength#={}, RhoB value=[{:.4T}].", LamNum, RhoB));
                 }
 
                 if ((Tau + RhoF) > 1.03 || (Tau + RhoB) > 1.03) {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + SpecDataNames(1) + "\" invalid value.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Transmittance + reflectance) > 1.0 for an entry; at wavelength#=" + TrimSigDigits(LamNum) +
-                                      ", value(Tau+RhoF)=[" + TrimSigDigits((Tau + RhoF), 4) + "], value(Tau+RhoB)=[" +
-                                      TrimSigDigits((Tau + RhoB), 4) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      "... Transmittance + reflectance) > 1.0 for an entry; at wavelength#=" +
+                                          format("{}, value(Tau+RhoF)=[{:.4T}], value(Tau+RhoB)=[{:.4T}].", LamNum, (Tau + RhoF), (Tau + RhoB)));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -5561,7 +5616,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataSystemVariables::ReportDetailedWarmupConvergence;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int ZoneNum;
@@ -5643,7 +5697,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -5723,8 +5776,10 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                 if (state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim >= MaxNumberOfWarmupDays && state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                     // Check convergence for individual zone
                     if (sum(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).PassFlag) != 8) { // pass=2 * 4 values for convergence
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "CheckWarmupConvergence: Loads Initialization, Zone=\"" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name + "\" did not converge after " +
-                                        RoundSigDigits(MaxNumberOfWarmupDays) + " warmup days.");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("CheckWarmupConvergence: Loads Initialization, Zone=\"{}\" did not converge after {} warmup days.",
+                                               Zone(ZoneNum).Name,
+                                               MaxNumberOfWarmupDays));
                         if (!WarmupConvergenceWarning && !state.dataGlobal->DoingSizing) {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "See Warmup Convergence Information in .eio file for details.");
                             WarmupConvergenceWarning = true;
@@ -5738,18 +5793,26 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Environment(SizingPeriod)=\"" + EnvironmentName + "\"");
                         }
 
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Max Temp Comparison = " + RoundSigDigits(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).TestMaxTempValue, 2) +
-                                          " vs Temperature Convergence Tolerance=" + RoundSigDigits(TempConvergTol, 2) + " - " +
-                                          PassFail(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).PassFlag(1)) + " Convergence");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Min Temp Comparison = " + RoundSigDigits(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).TestMinTempValue, 2) +
-                                          " vs Temperature Convergence Tolerance=" + RoundSigDigits(TempConvergTol, 2) + " - " +
-                                          PassFail(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).PassFlag(2)) + " Convergence");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Max Heat Load Comparison = " + RoundSigDigits(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).TestMaxHeatLoadValue, 4) +
-                                          " vs Loads Convergence Tolerance=" + RoundSigDigits(LoadsConvergTol, 2) + " - " +
-                                          PassFail(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).PassFlag(3)) + " Convergence");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..Max Cool Load Comparison = " + RoundSigDigits(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).TestMaxCoolLoadValue, 4) +
-                                          " vs Loads Convergence Tolerance=" + RoundSigDigits(LoadsConvergTol, 2) + " - " +
-                                          PassFail(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).PassFlag(4)) + " Convergence");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("..Max Temp Comparison = {:.2R} vs Temperature Convergence Tolerance={:.2R} - {} Convergence",
+                                                 WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).TestMaxTempValue,
+                                                 TempConvergTol,
+                                                 PassFail(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).PassFlag(1))));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("..Min Temp Comparison = {:.2R} vs Temperature Convergence Tolerance={:.2R} - {} Convergence",
+                                                 WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).TestMinTempValue,
+                                                 TempConvergTol,
+                                                 PassFail(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).PassFlag(2))));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("..Max Heat Load Comparison = {:.4R} vs Loads Convergence Tolerance={:.2R} - {} Convergence",
+                                                 WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).TestMaxHeatLoadValue,
+                                                 LoadsConvergTol,
+                                                 PassFail(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).PassFlag(3))));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("..Max Cool Load Comparison = {:.4R} vs Loads Convergence Tolerance={:.2R} - {} Convergence",
+                                                 WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).TestMaxCoolLoadValue,
+                                                 LoadsConvergTol,
+                                                 PassFail(WarmupConvergenceValues(ZoneNum).PassFlag(4))));
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -5773,10 +5836,9 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
 
             if ((state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim >= MaxNumberOfWarmupDays) && state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag && ConvergenceChecksFailed) {
                 if (MaxNumberOfWarmupDays < DefaultMaxNumberOfWarmupDays) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "CheckWarmupConvergence: User supplied maximum warmup days=" + RoundSigDigits(MaxNumberOfWarmupDays) +
-                                    " is insufficient.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Suggest setting maximum number of warmup days to at least " + RoundSigDigits(DefaultMaxNumberOfWarmupDays) +
-                                      '.');
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("CheckWarmupConvergence: User supplied maximum warmup days={} is insufficient.", MaxNumberOfWarmupDays));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Suggest setting maximum number of warmup days to at least {}.", DefaultMaxNumberOfWarmupDays));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -5815,7 +5877,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -6204,7 +6265,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
         using DataSystemVariables::CheckForActualFileName;
         using DataSystemVariables::iUnicode_end;
         using General::POLYF; // POLYF       ! Polynomial in cosine of angle of incidence
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static Array1D_string const NumName(5, {"1", "2", "3", "4", "5"});
@@ -6357,8 +6417,11 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             ++FileLineCount;
             readItem(NextLine.data.substr(19), NGlSys);
             if (NGlSys <= 0 || NGlSys > 2) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "Construction=" + DesiredConstructionName + " from the Window5 data file cannot be used: it has " +
-                               TrimSigDigits(NGlSys) + " glazing systems; only 1 or 2 are allowed.");
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format("Construction={} from the Window5 data file cannot be used: it has {} glazing systems; only 1 or 2 are allowed.",
+                           DesiredConstructionName,
+                           NGlSys));
             }
             NextLine = W5DataFile.readLine();
             if (NextLine.eof) goto Label1000;
@@ -6377,38 +6440,50 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                                                 SHGCCenter(IGlSys),
                                                 TVisCenter(IGlSys));
                 if (!succeeded) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of glazing system values. For glazing system=" +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(IGlSys));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount) + ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + NextLine.data.substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowSevereError(
+                        state,
+                        format("HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of glazing system values. For glazing system={}", IGlSys));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount, NextLine.data.substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (WinHeight(IGlSys) == 0.0 || WinWidth(IGlSys) == 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction=" + DesiredConstructionName +
-                                    " from the Window5 data file cannot be used: it has window height or width = 0 for glazing system " +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(IGlSys));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction={} from the Window5 data file cannot be used: it "
+                                           "has window height or width = 0 for glazing system {}",
+                                           DesiredConstructionName,
+                                           IGlSys));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (NGlass(IGlSys) <= 0 || NGlass(IGlSys) > 4) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction=" + DesiredConstructionName +
-                                    " from the Window5 data file cannot be used: it has 0 or more than 4 glass layers in glazing system " +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(IGlSys));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction={} from the Window5 data file cannot be used: it "
+                                           "has 0 or more than 4 glass layers in glazing system {}",
+                                           DesiredConstructionName,
+                                           IGlSys));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (UValCenter(IGlSys) <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction=" + DesiredConstructionName +
-                                    " from the Window5 data file cannot be used: it has Center-of-Glass U-value <= 0 in glazing system " +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(IGlSys));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction={} from the Window5 data file cannot be used: it "
+                                           "has Center-of-Glass U-value <= 0 in glazing system {}",
+                                           DesiredConstructionName,
+                                           IGlSys));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (SCCenter(IGlSys) <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction=" + DesiredConstructionName +
-                                    " from the Window5 data file cannot be used: it has Shading Coefficient <= 0 in glazing system " +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(IGlSys));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction={} from the Window5 data file cannot be used: it "
+                                           "has Shading Coefficient <= 0 in glazing system {}",
+                                           DesiredConstructionName,
+                                           IGlSys));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (SHGCCenter(IGlSys) <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction=" + DesiredConstructionName +
-                                    " from the Window5 data file cannot be used: it has SHGC <= 0 in glazing system " + TrimSigDigits(IGlSys));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction={} from the Window5 data file cannot be used: it "
+                                           "has SHGC <= 0 in glazing system {}",
+                                           DesiredConstructionName,
+                                           IGlSys));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 WinHeight(IGlSys) *= 0.001;
@@ -6426,15 +6501,15 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             if (NGlSys == 2) {
                 if (!readItem(DataLine(10).substr(19), MullionWidth)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of Mullion Width.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 10) +
-                                      ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(10).substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 10, DataLine(10).substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 MullionWidth *= 0.001;
                 if (!readItem(DataLine(10).substr(88), MullionOrientation)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of Mullion Orientation.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 10) +
-                                      ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(10).substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 10, DataLine(10).substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -6460,7 +6535,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                                             FrameEmis);
             if (!succeeded) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of frame data values.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 11) + ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(11).substr(0, 100));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 11, DataLine(11).substr(0, 100)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (FrameWidth > 0.0) {
@@ -6514,9 +6589,11 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                                                            HorDividers(IGlSys),
                                                            VertDividers(IGlSys));
                 if (!dividerReadSucceeded) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of divider data values. For Glazing System=" +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(IGlSys));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 11) + ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + NextLine.data.substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowSevereError(
+                        state,
+                        format("HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of divider data values. For Glazing System={}", IGlSys));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 11, NextLine.data.substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 uppercase(DividerType(IGlSys));
@@ -6524,39 +6601,40 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                     if (HorDividers(IGlSys) == 0 && VertDividers(IGlSys) == 0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction=" + DesiredConstructionName +
                                         " from the Window5 data file cannot be used:");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "glazing system " + TrimSigDigits(IGlSys) +
-                                          " has a divider but number of horizontal and vertical divider elements = 0");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("glazing system {} has a divider but number of horizontal and vertical divider elements = 0", IGlSys));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (DividerConductance(IGlSys) <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction=" + DesiredConstructionName +
                                         " from the Window5 data file cannot be used:");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "glazing system " + TrimSigDigits(IGlSys) + " has Divider Conductance <= 0.0");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("glazing system {} has Divider Conductance <= 0.0", IGlSys));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (DivEdgeToCenterGlCondRatio(IGlSys) < 1.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction=" + DesiredConstructionName +
                                         " from the Window5 data file cannot be used:");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "glazing system " + TrimSigDigits(IGlSys) + " has Divider Edge-Of-Glass Conduction Ratio < 1.0");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("glazing system {} has Divider Edge-Of-Glass Conduction Ratio < 1.0", IGlSys));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (DividerSolAbsorp(IGlSys) < 0.0 || DividerSolAbsorp(IGlSys) > 1.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction=" + DesiredConstructionName +
                                         " from the Window5 data file cannot be used:");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "glazing system " + TrimSigDigits(IGlSys) + " has Divider Solar Absorptance < 0.0 or > 1.0");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("glazing system {} has Divider Solar Absorptance < 0.0 or > 1.0", IGlSys));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (DividerEmis(IGlSys) <= 0.0 || DividerEmis(IGlSys) >= 1.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction=" + DesiredConstructionName +
                                         " from the Window5 data file cannot be used:");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "glazing system " + TrimSigDigits(IGlSys) + " has Divider Emissivity <= 0.0 or >= 1.0");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("glazing system {} has Divider Emissivity <= 0.0 or >= 1.0", IGlSys));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (DividerType(IGlSys) != "DIVIDEDLITE" && DividerType(IGlSys) != "SUSPENDED") {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Construction=" + DesiredConstructionName +
                                         " from the Window5 data file cannot be used:");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "glazing system " + TrimSigDigits(IGlSys) + " has Divider Type = " + DividerType(IGlSys) +
-                                          "; it should be DIVIDEDLITE or SUSPENDED.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("glazing system {} has Divider Type = {}; it should be DIVIDEDLITE or SUSPENDED.", IGlSys, DividerType(IGlSys)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -6863,25 +6941,29 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                 ++FileLineCount;
                 if (!readItem(NextLine.data.substr(5), Tsol)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of TSol values.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount) + ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + NextLine.data.substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount, NextLine.data.substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 } else if (any_lt(Tsol, 0.0) || any_gt(Tsol, 1.0)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of TSol values. (out of range [0,1])");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount) + ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + NextLine.data.substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount, NextLine.data.substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 for (IGlass = 1; IGlass <= NGlass(IGlSys); ++IGlass) {
                     NextLine = W5DataFile.readLine();
                     ++FileLineCount;
                     if (!readItem(NextLine.data.substr(5), AbsSol(_, IGlass))) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of AbsSol values. For Glass=" +
-                                        TrimSigDigits(IGlass));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount) + ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + NextLine.data.substr(0, 100));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of AbsSol values. For Glass={}", IGlass));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount, NextLine.data.substr(0, 100)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (any_lt(AbsSol(_, IGlass), 0.0) || any_gt(AbsSol(_, IGlass), 1.0)) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of AbsSol values. (out of range [0,1]) For Glass=" +
-                                        TrimSigDigits(IGlass));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount) + ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + NextLine.data.substr(0, 100));
+                        ShowSevereError(
+                            state,
+                            format("HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of AbsSol values. (out of range [0,1]) For Glass={}",
+                                   IGlass));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount, NextLine.data.substr(0, 100)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -6892,58 +6974,48 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
 
                 if (!readItem(DataLine(1).substr(5), Rfsol)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of RfSol values.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 1) +
-                                      ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(1).substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 1, DataLine(1).substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 } else if (any_lt(Rfsol, 0.0) || any_gt(Rfsol, 1.0)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of RfSol values. (out of range [0,1])");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 1) +
-                                      ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(1).substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 1, DataLine(1).substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
                 if (!readItem(DataLine(2).substr(5), Rbsol)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of RbSol values.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 2) +
-                                      ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(2).substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 2, DataLine(2).substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 } else if (any_lt(Rbsol, 0.0) || any_gt(Rbsol, 1.0)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of RbSol values. (out of range [0,1])");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 2) +
-                                      ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(2).substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 2, DataLine(2).substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (!readItem(DataLine(3).substr(5), Tvis)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of Tvis values.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 3) +
-                                      ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(3).substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 3, DataLine(3).substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 } else if (any_lt(Tvis, 0.0) || any_gt(Tvis, 1.0)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of Tvis values. (out of range [0,1])");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 3) +
-                                      ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(3).substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 3, DataLine(3).substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (!readItem(DataLine(4).substr(5), Rfvis)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of Rfvis values.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 4) +
-                                      ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(4).substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 4, DataLine(4).substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 } else if (any_lt(Rfvis, 0.0) || any_gt(Rfvis, 1.0)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of Rfvis values. (out of range [0,1])");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 4) +
-                                      ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(4).substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 4, DataLine(4).substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (!readItem(DataLine(5).substr(5), Rbvis)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of Rbvis values.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 5) +
-                                      ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(5).substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 5, DataLine(5).substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 } else if (any_lt(Rbvis, 0.0) || any_gt(Rbvis, 1.0)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "HeatBalanceManager: SearchWindow5DataFile: Error in Read of Rbvis values. (out of range [0,1])");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Line (~" + TrimSigDigits(FileLineCount + 5) +
-                                      ") in error (first 100 characters)=" + DataLine(5).substr(0, 100));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Line (~{}) in error (first 100 characters)={}", FileLineCount + 5, DataLine(5).substr(0, 100)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 FileLineCount += 5;
@@ -7157,7 +7229,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataStringGlobals;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -7255,19 +7326,19 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
 
             if (Ffactor <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + ConstructAlphas(1) + "\" has " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " <= 0.0, must be > 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(Ffactor, 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entered value=[{:.2R}]", Ffactor));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             if (Area <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + ConstructAlphas(1) + "\" has " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " <= 0.0, must be > 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(Area, 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entered value=[{:.2R}]", Area));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             if (PerimeterExposed < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + ConstructAlphas(1) + "\" has " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + " <= 0.0, must be > 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(PerimeterExposed, 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entered value=[{:.2R}]", PerimeterExposed));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -7278,7 +7349,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).LayerPoint(2) = iFCConcreteLayer;
 
             // The fictitious insulation is the outside layer
-            MaterNum = UtilityRoutines::FindItemInList("~FC_Insulation_" + RoundSigDigits(Loop), dataMaterial.Material);
+            MaterNum = UtilityRoutines::FindItemInList(format("~FC_Insulation_{}", Loop), dataMaterial.Material);
             state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).LayerPoint(1) = MaterNum;
 
             // Calculate the thermal resistance of the fictitious insulation layer
@@ -7292,7 +7363,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             Rfic = Reff - Rcon;
             if (Rfic <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + ConstructAlphas(1) + "\" has calculated R value <= 0.0, must be > 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated value=[" + RoundSigDigits(Rfic, 2) + "] Check definition.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated value=[{:.2R}] Check definition.", Rfic));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -7340,13 +7411,13 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
 
             if (Cfactor <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + ' ' + ConstructAlphas(1) + " has " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " <= 0.0, must be > 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(Cfactor, 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entered value=[{:.2R}]", Cfactor));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             if (Height <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + ' ' + ConstructAlphas(1) + " has " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " <= 0.0, must be > 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(Height, 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entered value=[{:.2R}]", Height));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -7357,7 +7428,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).LayerPoint(2) = iFCConcreteLayer;
 
             // The fictitious insulation is the outside layer
-            MaterNum = UtilityRoutines::FindItemInList("~FC_Insulation_" + RoundSigDigits(Loop + TotFfactorConstructs), dataMaterial.Material);
+            MaterNum = UtilityRoutines::FindItemInList("~FC_Insulation_" + fmt::to_string(Loop + TotFfactorConstructs), dataMaterial.Material);
             state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).LayerPoint(1) = MaterNum;
 
             // CR 8886 Rsoil should be in SI unit. From ASHRAE 90.1-2010 SI
@@ -7375,7 +7446,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
             Rfic = Reff - Rcon;
             if (Rfic <= 0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + ConstructAlphas(1) + "\" has calculated R value <= 0.0, must be > 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated value=[" + RoundSigDigits(Rfic, 2) + "] Check definition.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated value=[{:.2R}] Check definition.", Rfic));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -7514,7 +7585,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
         using DataSurfaces::TotFenLayAbsSSG;
         using DataSurfaces::TotSurfaces;
         using DataSurfaces::TotSurfIncSolSSG;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -7542,8 +7613,9 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
         // Check if IDD definition is correct
         inputProcessor->getObjectDefMaxArgs(state, cCurrentModuleObject, NumArgs, NumAlpha, NumNumeric);
         if (NumAlpha != 4) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject +
-                            ": Object Definition indicates not = 4 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated=" + TrimSigDigits(NumAlpha));
+            ShowSevereError(
+                state,
+                format("{}{}: Object Definition indicates not = 4 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated={}", RoutineName, cCurrentModuleObject, NumAlpha));
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
 
@@ -7677,8 +7749,12 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                         ShowSevereError(state,
                             RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
                             ", object. Number of scheduled surface gains for each layer does not match number of layers in referenced construction.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaArgs(1) + " have " + TrimSigDigits(NumOfScheduledLayers) + " scheduled layers and " + cAlphaArgs(3) +
-                                          " have " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).TotSolidLayers) + " layers.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("{} have {} schedule layers and {} have {} layers.",
+                                                 cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                 NumOfScheduledLayers,
+                                                 cAlphaArgs(3),
+                                                 state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).TotSolidLayers));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
 
@@ -7833,7 +7909,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataStringGlobals;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -7883,7 +7958,8 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                 for (iTC = 1; iTC <= iMat; ++iTC) {
                     ++NumNewConst;
                     state.dataConstruction->Construct(NumNewConst) = state.dataConstruction->Construct(Loop); // copy data
-                    state.dataConstruction->Construct(NumNewConst).Name = state.dataConstruction->Construct(Loop).Name + "_TC_" + RoundSigDigits(TCGlazings(iTCG).SpecTemp(iTC), 0);
+                    state.dataConstruction->Construct(NumNewConst).Name =
+                        format("{}_TC_{:.0R}", state.dataConstruction->Construct(Loop).Name, TCGlazings(iTCG).SpecTemp(iTC));
                     state.dataConstruction->Construct(NumNewConst).TCLayer = TCGlazings(iTCG).LayerPoint(iTC);
                     state.dataConstruction->Construct(NumNewConst).LayerPoint(state.dataConstruction->Construct(Loop).TCLayerID) = state.dataConstruction->Construct(NumNewConst).TCLayer;
                     state.dataConstruction->Construct(NumNewConst).TCFlag = 1;
@@ -8109,7 +8185,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
 
@@ -8157,14 +8232,14 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1) + " must be > 0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be > 0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
             }
 
             if (rNumericArgs(2) <= 0.0) {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(2) + " must be > 0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be > 0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(2), rNumericArgs(2)));
             }
         }
 
@@ -8198,7 +8273,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1) + " must be >= 0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be >= 0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
             }
         }
 
@@ -8237,7 +8312,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1) + " must be > 0, entered " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be > 0, entered {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
             }
 
             dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Pressure = rNumericArgs(2);
@@ -8245,7 +8320,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(2) + " must be > 0, entered " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be > 0, entered {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(2), rNumericArgs(2)));
             }
 
             if (!lAlphaFieldBlanks(2)) {
@@ -8364,70 +8439,70 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1) + " must be > 0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be > 0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
             }
 
             if (rNumericArgs(2) <= 0.0) {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(2) + " must be > 0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be > 0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(2), rNumericArgs(2)));
             }
 
             if ((rNumericArgs(3) < 0.0) || (rNumericArgs(3) > 1.0)) {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(3) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(3) + " value must be >= 0 and <= 1, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} value must be >= 0 and <= 1, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(3), rNumericArgs(3)));
             }
 
             if ((rNumericArgs(4) <= 0.0) || (rNumericArgs(4) > 1.0)) {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(4) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(4) + " value must be >= 0 and <= 1, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(4), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} value must be >= 0 and <= 1, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(4), rNumericArgs(4)));
             }
 
             if ((rNumericArgs(5) <= 0.0) || (rNumericArgs(5) > 1.0)) {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(5) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(5) + " value must be >= 0 and <= 1, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} value must be >= 0 and <= 1, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(5), rNumericArgs(5)));
             }
 
             if ((rNumericArgs(6) < 0.0) || (rNumericArgs(6) > 1.0)) {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(6) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(6) + " must be >= 0 or <= 1, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(6), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be >= 0 or <= 1, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(6), rNumericArgs(6)));
             }
 
             if ((rNumericArgs(7) < 0.0) || (rNumericArgs(7) > 1.0)) {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(7) + " must be >=0 or <=1, entered " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(7), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be >=0 or <=1, entered {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(7), rNumericArgs(7)));
             }
 
             if ((rNumericArgs(8) < 0.0) || (rNumericArgs(8) > 1.0)) {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(8) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(8) + " must be >=0 or <=1, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(8), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be >=0 or <=1, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(8), rNumericArgs(8)));
             }
 
             if ((rNumericArgs(9) < 0.0) || (rNumericArgs(9) > 1.0)) {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(9) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(9) + " must be >=0 or <=1, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(9), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be >=0 or <=1, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(9), rNumericArgs(9)));
             }
 
             if ((rNumericArgs(10) < 0.0) || (rNumericArgs(10) > 1.0)) {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(10) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(10) + " must be >=0 or <=1, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(10), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be >=0 or <=1, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(10), rNumericArgs(10)));
             }
 
             if (ComplexShade(Loop).LayerType == csVenetianHorizontal || ComplexShade(Loop).LayerType == csVenetianVertical) {
@@ -8435,43 +8510,43 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " +
                                     cNumericFieldNames(11) + " has been found.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(11) + " must be >0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(11), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be >0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(11), rNumericArgs(11)));
                 }
 
                 if (rNumericArgs(12) <= 0.0) {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " +
                                     cNumericFieldNames(12) + " has been found.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(12) + " must be >0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(12), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be >0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(12), rNumericArgs(12)));
                 }
 
                 if (rNumericArgs(13) <= 0.0) {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " +
                                     cNumericFieldNames(13) + " has been found.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(13) + " must be >0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(13), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be >0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(13), rNumericArgs(13)));
                 }
 
                 if ((rNumericArgs(14) < -90.0) || (rNumericArgs(14) > 90.0)) {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " +
                                     cNumericFieldNames(14) + " has been found.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(14) + " must be >=-90 and <=90, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(14), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be >=-90 and <=90, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(14), rNumericArgs(14)));
                 }
 
                 if (rNumericArgs(15) <= 0.0) {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " +
                                     cNumericFieldNames(15) + " has been found.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(15) + " must be >0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(15), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be >0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(15), rNumericArgs(15)));
                 }
 
                 if ((rNumericArgs(16) < 0.0) || ((rNumericArgs(16) > 0.0) && (rNumericArgs(16) < (rNumericArgs(11) / 2)))) {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " +
                                     cNumericFieldNames(16) + " has been found.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(16) +
-                                      " must be =0 or greater than SlatWidth/2, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(16), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("{} must be =0 or greater than SlatWidth/2, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(16), rNumericArgs(16)));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -8501,7 +8576,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using namespace MatrixDataManager;
         using namespace DataBSDFWindow;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("SetupComlexFenestrationStateInput: ");
@@ -8565,7 +8639,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
                                 " has been found.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1) + " should be >= 0.0 and <= 1.0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} should be >= 0.0 and <= 1.0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
             }
 
             {
@@ -8628,7 +8702,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " +
                                     cNumericFieldNames(2) + " has been found.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(2) + " must be > 0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be > 0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(2), rNumericArgs(2)));
                 }
 
                 WindowThermalModel(Loop).InitialTemperature = rNumericArgs(3);
@@ -8636,7 +8710,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " +
                                     cNumericFieldNames(3) + " has been found.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(3) + " must be > 0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be > 0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(3), rNumericArgs(3)));
                 }
 
                 WindowThermalModel(Loop).InitialPressure = rNumericArgs(4);
@@ -8644,7 +8718,7 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + ", object. Illegal value for " +
                                     cNumericFieldNames(4) + " has been found.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(4) + " must be > 0, entered value = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(4), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("{} must be > 0, entered value = {:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(4), rNumericArgs(4)));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -8941,19 +9015,24 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + locCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + locAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             "\", object. Incorrect matrix dimension.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Front absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"" + locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex) + "\" for layer " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(currentOpticalLayer) + " must have only one row.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Front absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"{}\" for layer {} must have only one row.",
+                                                     locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex),
+                                                     currentOpticalLayer));
                         }
 
                         if (NumCols != NBasis) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + locCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + locAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             "\", object. Incorrect matrix dimension.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Front absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"" + locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex) + "\" for layer " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(currentOpticalLayer) +
-                                              " must have same number of columns as it is defined by basis matrix.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Matrix has " + RoundSigDigits(NumCols) + " number of columns, while basis definition specifies " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(NBasis) + " number of columns.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Front absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"{}\" for layer {} must have same number of columns "
+                                                     "as it is defined by basis matrix.",
+                                                     locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex),
+                                                     currentOpticalLayer));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("Matrix has {} number of columns, while basis definition specifies {} number of columns.", NumCols, NBasis));
                         }
 
                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).BSDFInput.Layer(currentOpticalLayer).AbsNcols = NumCols;
@@ -8962,8 +9041,10 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + locCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + locAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             ", object. Referenced Matrix:TwoDimension is missing from the input file.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Front absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"" + locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex) + "\" for layer " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(currentOpticalLayer) + " is missing from the input file.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Front absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"{}\" for layer {} is missing from the input file.",
+                                                     locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex),
+                                                     currentOpticalLayer));
                         } else {
                             Get2DMatrix(state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).BSDFInput.Layer(currentOpticalLayer).FrtAbsIndex,
                                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).BSDFInput.Layer(currentOpticalLayer).FrtAbs);
@@ -8980,19 +9061,24 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + locCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + locAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             "\", object. Incorrect matrix dimension.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Back absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"" + locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex) + "\" for layer " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(currentOpticalLayer) + " must have only one row.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Back absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"{}\" for layer {} must have only one row.",
+                                                     locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex),
+                                                     currentOpticalLayer));
                         }
 
                         if (NumCols != NBasis) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + locCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + locAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             "\", object. Incorrect matrix dimension.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Back absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"" + locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex) + "\" for layer " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(currentOpticalLayer) +
-                                              " must have same number of columns as it is defined by basis matrix.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Matrix has " + RoundSigDigits(NumCols) + " number of columns, while basis definition specifies " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(NBasis) + " number of columns.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Back absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"{}\" for layer {} must have same number of columns as "
+                                                     "it is defined by basis matrix.",
+                                                     locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex),
+                                                     currentOpticalLayer));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("Matrix has {} number of columns, while basis definition specifies {} number of columns.", NumCols, NBasis));
                         }
 
                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).BSDFInput.Layer(currentOpticalLayer).BkAbs.allocate(NumCols, NumRows);
@@ -9000,8 +9086,10 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + locCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + locAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             ", object. Referenced Matrix:TwoDimension is missing from the input file.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Back absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"" + locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex) + "\" for layer " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(currentOpticalLayer) + " is missing from the input file.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Back absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"{}\" for layer {} is missing from the input file.",
+                                                     locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex),
+                                                     currentOpticalLayer));
                         } else {
                             Get2DMatrix(state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).BSDFInput.Layer(currentOpticalLayer).BkAbsIndex,
                                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).BSDFInput.Layer(currentOpticalLayer).BkAbs);
@@ -9195,19 +9283,24 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + locCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + locAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             "\", object. Incorrect matrix dimension.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Front absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"" + locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex) + "\" for layer " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(currentOpticalLayer) + " must have only one row.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Front absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"{}\" for layer {} must have only one row.",
+                                                     locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex),
+                                                     currentOpticalLayer));
                         }
 
                         if (NumCols != NBasis) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + locCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + locAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             "\", object. Incorrect matrix dimension.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Front absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"" + locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex) + "\" for layer " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(currentOpticalLayer) +
-                                              " must have same number of columns as it is defined by basis matrix.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Matrix has " + RoundSigDigits(NumCols) + " number of columns, while basis definition specifies " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(NBasis) + " number of columns.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Front absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"{}\" for layer {} must have same number of columns "
+                                                     "as it is defined by basis matrix.",
+                                                     locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex),
+                                                     currentOpticalLayer));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("Matrix has {} number of columns, while basis definition specifies {} number of columns.", NumCols, NBasis));
                         }
 
                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).BSDFInput.Layer(currentOpticalLayer).AbsNcols = NumCols;
@@ -9217,8 +9310,10 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + locCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + locAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             ", object. Referenced Matrix:TwoDimension is missing from the input file.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Front absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"" + locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex) + "\" for layer " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(currentOpticalLayer) + " is missing from the input file.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Front absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"{}\" for layer {} is missing from the input file.",
+                                                     locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex),
+                                                     currentOpticalLayer));
                         } else {
                             Get2DMatrix(state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).BSDFInput.Layer(currentOpticalLayer).FrtAbsIndex,
                                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).BSDFInput.Layer(currentOpticalLayer).FrtAbs);
@@ -9235,19 +9330,24 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + locCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + locAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             "\", object. Incorrect matrix dimension.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Back absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"" + locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex) + "\" for layer " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(currentOpticalLayer) + " must have only one row.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Back absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"{}\" for layer {} must have only one row.",
+                                                     locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex),
+                                                     currentOpticalLayer));
                         }
 
                         if (NumCols != NBasis) {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + locCurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + locAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             "\", object. Incorrect matrix dimension.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Back absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"" + locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex) + "\" for layer " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(currentOpticalLayer) +
-                                              " must have same number of columns as it is defined by basis matrix.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Matrix has " + RoundSigDigits(NumCols) + " number of columns, while basis definition specifies " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(NBasis) + " number of columns.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Back absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"{}\" for layer {} must have same number of columns as "
+                                                     "it is defined by basis matrix.",
+                                                     locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex),
+                                                     currentOpticalLayer));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("Matrix has {} number of columns, while basis definition specifies {} number of columns.", NumCols, NBasis));
                         }
 
                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).BSDFInput.Layer(currentOpticalLayer).BkAbs.allocate(NumCols, NumRows);
@@ -9256,8 +9356,10 @@ namespace HeatBalanceManager {
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + locCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + locAlphaArgs(1) +
                                             ", object. Referenced Matrix:TwoDimension is missing from the input file.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Back absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"" + locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex) + "\" for layer " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(currentOpticalLayer) + " is missing from the input file.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Back absorbtance Matrix:TwoDimension = \"{}\" for layer {} is missing from the input file.",
+                                                     locAlphaArgs(AlphaIndex),
+                                                     currentOpticalLayer));
                         } else {
                             Get2DMatrix(state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).BSDFInput.Layer(currentOpticalLayer).BkAbsIndex,
                                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).BSDFInput.Layer(currentOpticalLayer).BkAbs);
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceSurfaceManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceSurfaceManager.cc
index d6be09cad73..05673b664be 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceSurfaceManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceSurfaceManager.cc
@@ -605,33 +605,34 @@ namespace HeatBalanceSurfaceManager {
                      } else {
                          elOpened = false;
                      }
-                    //            IF (iwriteStatus /= 0) THEN
-                    //              CALL ShowFatalError('InitSurfaceHeatBalance: Could not open file "eplusout.delighteldmp" for output (readwrite).')
-                    //            ENDIF
-                    //            Open(unit=iDElightErrorFile, file='eplusout.delighteldmp', action='READ')
-
-                    // Sequentially read lines in DElight Electric Lighting Error File
-                    // and process them using standard EPlus warning/error handling calls
-                    bEndofErrFile = false;
-                    iReadStatus = 0;
-                    while (!bEndofErrFile && elOpened) {
-                        auto cErrorLine = iDElightErrorFile.readLine();
-                        if (cErrorLine.eof) {
-                            bEndofErrFile = true;
-                            continue;
-                        }
-
-                        // Is the current line a Warning message?
-                        if (has_prefix(cErrorLine.data, "WARNING: ")) {
-                            cErrorMsg = cErrorLine.data.substr(9);
-                            ShowWarningError(state, cErrorMsg);
-                        }
-                        // Is the current line an Error message?
-                        if (has_prefix(cErrorLine.data, "ERROR: ")) {
-                            cErrorMsg = cErrorLine.data.substr(7);
-                            ShowSevereError(state, cErrorMsg);
-                            iErrorFlag = 1;
-                        }
+                     //            IF (iwriteStatus /= 0) THEN
+                     //              CALL ShowFatalError(state, 'InitSurfaceHeatBalance: Could not open file "eplusout.delighteldmp" for output
+                     //              (readwrite).')
+                     //            ENDIF
+                     //            Open(unit=iDElightErrorFile, file='eplusout.delighteldmp', action='READ')
+
+                     // Sequentially read lines in DElight Electric Lighting Error File
+                     // and process them using standard EPlus warning/error handling calls
+                     bEndofErrFile = false;
+                     iReadStatus = 0;
+                     while (!bEndofErrFile && elOpened) {
+                         auto cErrorLine = iDElightErrorFile.readLine();
+                         if (cErrorLine.eof) {
+                             bEndofErrFile = true;
+                             continue;
+                         }
+
+                         // Is the current line a Warning message?
+                         if (has_prefix(cErrorLine.data, "WARNING: ")) {
+                             cErrorMsg = cErrorLine.data.substr(9);
+                             ShowWarningError(state, cErrorMsg);
+                         }
+                         // Is the current line an Error message?
+                         if (has_prefix(cErrorLine.data, "ERROR: ")) {
+                             cErrorMsg = cErrorLine.data.substr(7);
+                             ShowSevereError(state, cErrorMsg);
+                             iErrorFlag = 1;
+                         }
                     }
 
                     // Close DElight Error File and delete
@@ -4420,7 +4421,6 @@ namespace HeatBalanceSurfaceManager {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataRuntimeLanguage::EMSConstructActuatorChecked;
         using DataRuntimeLanguage::EMSConstructActuatorIsOkay;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
         using HeatBalFiniteDiffManager::ConstructFD;
 
         // Locals
@@ -4475,12 +4475,14 @@ namespace HeatBalanceSurfaceManager {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, "InitEMSControlledConstructions: EMS Construction State Actuator may be unrealistic, incompatible "
                                                  "CTF timescales are being used.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                    "Construction named = " + state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).Name +
-                                    " has CTF timesteps = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).NumHistories));
-                                ShowContinueError(state,
-                                    "While construction named = " + state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).EMSConstructionOverrideValue).Name +
-                                    " has CTF timesteps = " +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).EMSConstructionOverrideValue).NumHistories));
+                                                  format("Construction named = {} has CTF timesteps = {}",
+                                                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).Name,
+                                                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).NumHistories));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("While construction named = {} has CTF timesteps = {}",
+                                           state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).EMSConstructionOverrideValue).Name,
+                                           state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).EMSConstructionOverrideValue).NumHistories));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Transient heat transfer modeling may not be valid for surface name = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name +
                                                   ", and the simulation continues");
                             }
@@ -4489,13 +4491,15 @@ namespace HeatBalanceSurfaceManager {
                                 // thow warning, but allow
                                 ShowWarningError(state, "InitEMSControlledConstructions: EMS Construction State Actuator may be unrealistic, incompatible "
                                                  "CTF terms are being used.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Construction named = " + state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).Name +
-                                                  " has number of CTF terms = " +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).NumCTFTerms));
                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                    "While construction named = " + state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).EMSConstructionOverrideValue).Name +
-                                    " has number of CTF terms = " +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).EMSConstructionOverrideValue).NumCTFTerms));
+                                                  format("Construction named = {} has number of CTF terms = {}",
+                                                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).Name,
+                                                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).NumCTFTerms));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("While construction named = {} has number of CTF terms = {}",
+                                           state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).EMSConstructionOverrideValue).Name,
+                                           state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).EMSConstructionOverrideValue).NumCTFTerms));
                                 ShowContinueError(state,
                                     "The actuator is allowed but the transient heat transfer modeling may not be valid for surface name = " +
                                     Surface(SurfNum).Name + ", and the simulation continues");
@@ -4529,12 +4533,13 @@ namespace HeatBalanceSurfaceManager {
                                 // thow warning, and do not allow
                                 ShowSevereError(state, "InitEMSControlledConstructions: EMS Construction State Actuator not valid.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                    "Construction named = " + state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).Name +
-                                    " has number of finite difference nodes =" + TrimSigDigits(ConstructFD(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).TotNodes));
+                                                  format("Construction named = {} has number of finite difference nodes ={}",
+                                                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).Name,
+                                                         ConstructFD(Surface(SurfNum).Construction).TotNodes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                    "While construction named = " + state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).EMSConstructionOverrideValue).Name +
-                                    "has number of finite difference nodes =" +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(ConstructFD(Surface(SurfNum).EMSConstructionOverrideValue).TotNodes));
+                                                  format("While construction named = {}has number of finite difference nodes ={}",
+                                                         state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfNum).EMSConstructionOverrideValue).Name,
+                                                         ConstructFD(Surface(SurfNum).EMSConstructionOverrideValue).TotNodes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This actuator is not allowed for surface name = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name +
                                                   ", and the simulation continues without the override");
 
@@ -6992,14 +6997,18 @@ namespace HeatBalanceSurfaceManager {
                     ++calcHeatBalInsideSurfErrCount;
                     if (calcHeatBalInsideSurfErrCount < 16) {
                         if (!DataHeatBalance::AnyCondFD) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, "Inside surface heat balance did not converge with Max Temp Difference [C] =" +
-                                             General::RoundSigDigits(MaxDelTemp, 3) +
-                                             " vs Max Allowed Temp Diff [C] =" + General::RoundSigDigits(MaxAllowedDelTemp, 3));
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("Inside surface heat balance did not converge with Max Temp Difference [C] ={:.3R} vs Max "
+                                                    "Allowed Temp Diff [C] ={:.3R}",
+                                                    MaxDelTemp,
+                                                    MaxAllowedDelTemp));
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         } else {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, "Inside surface heat balance did not converge with Max Temp Difference [C] =" +
-                                             General::RoundSigDigits(MaxDelTemp, 3) +
-                                             " vs Max Allowed Temp Diff [C] =" + General::RoundSigDigits(MaxAllowedDelTempCondFD, 6));
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("Inside surface heat balance did not converge with Max Temp Difference [C] ={:.3R} vs Max "
+                                                    "Allowed Temp Diff [C] ={:.6R}",
+                                                    MaxDelTemp,
+                                                    MaxAllowedDelTempCondFD));
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -7689,8 +7698,10 @@ namespace HeatBalanceSurfaceManager {
                     ++calcHeatBalInsideSurfErrCount;
                     if (calcHeatBalInsideSurfErrCount < 16) {
                         ShowWarningError(state,
-                            "Inside surface heat balance did not converge with Max Temp Difference [C] =" + General::RoundSigDigits(MaxDelTemp, 3) +
-                            " vs Max Allowed Temp Diff [C] =" + General::RoundSigDigits(MaxAllowedDelTempCondFD, 6));
+                                         format("Inside surface heat balance did not converge with Max Temp Difference [C] ={:.3R} vs Max Allowed "
+                                                "Temp Diff [C] ={:.6R}",
+                                                MaxDelTemp,
+                                                MaxAllowedDelTempCondFD));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     } else {
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Inside surface heat balance convergence problem continues",
@@ -7766,26 +7777,26 @@ namespace HeatBalanceSurfaceManager {
 
     void TestSurfTempCalcHeatBalanceInsideSurf(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 TH12, SurfaceData &surface, ZoneData &zone, int WarmupSurfTemp)
     {
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         if ((TH12 > MaxSurfaceTempLimit) || (TH12 < MinSurfaceTempLimit)) {
             if (state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) ++WarmupSurfTemp;
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag || WarmupSurfTemp > 10 || state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                 if (TH12 < MinSurfaceTempLimit) {
                     if (surface.LowTempErrCount == 0) {
-                        ShowSevereMessage(state, "Temperature (low) out of bounds [" + RoundSigDigits(TH12, 2) + "] for zone=\"" + zone.Name +
-                                          "\", for surface=\"" + surface.Name + "\"");
+                        ShowSevereMessage(
+                            state,
+                            format("Temperature (low) out of bounds [{:.2R}] for zone=\"{}\", for surface=\"{}\"", TH12, zone.Name, surface.Name));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         if (!zone.TempOutOfBoundsReported) {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Zone=\"" + zone.Name + "\", Diagnostic Details:");
                             if (zone.FloorArea > 0.0) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Internal Heat Gain [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.InternalHeatGains / zone.FloorArea, 3) + "] W/m2");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Internal Heat Gain [{:.3R}] W/m2", zone.InternalHeatGains / zone.FloorArea));
                             } else {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Internal Heat Gain (no floor) [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.InternalHeatGains, 3) + "] W");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Internal Heat Gain (no floor) [{:.3R}] W", zone.InternalHeatGains));
                             }
                             if (AirflowNetwork::SimulateAirflowNetwork <= AirflowNetwork::AirflowNetworkControlSimple) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Infiltration/Ventilation [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.NominalInfilVent, 3) + "] m3/s");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Mixing/Cross Mixing [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.NominalMixing, 3) + "] m3/s");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Infiltration/Ventilation [{:.3R}] m3/s", zone.NominalInfilVent));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Mixing/Cross Mixing [{:.3R}] m3/s", zone.NominalMixing));
                             } else {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Airflow Network Simulation: Nominal Infiltration/Ventilation/Mixing not available.");
                             }
@@ -7814,19 +7825,20 @@ namespace HeatBalanceSurfaceManager {
                     }
                 } else {
                     if (surface.HighTempErrCount == 0) {
-                        ShowSevereMessage(state, "Temperature (high) out of bounds (" + RoundSigDigits(TH12, 2) + "] for zone=\"" + zone.Name +
-                                          "\", for surface=\"" + surface.Name + "\"");
+                        ShowSevereMessage(
+                            state,
+                            format("Temperature (high) out of bounds ({:.2R}] for zone=\"{}\", for surface=\"{}\"", TH12, zone.Name, surface.Name));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         if (!zone.TempOutOfBoundsReported) {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Zone=\"" + zone.Name + "\", Diagnostic Details:");
                             if (zone.FloorArea > 0.0) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Internal Heat Gain [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.InternalHeatGains / zone.FloorArea, 3) + "] W/m2");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Internal Heat Gain [{:.3R}] W/m2", zone.InternalHeatGains / zone.FloorArea));
                             } else {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Internal Heat Gain (no floor) [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.InternalHeatGains, 3) + "] W");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Internal Heat Gain (no floor) [{:.3R}] W", zone.InternalHeatGains));
                             }
                             if (AirflowNetwork::SimulateAirflowNetwork <= AirflowNetwork::AirflowNetworkControlSimple) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Infiltration/Ventilation [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.NominalInfilVent, 3) + "] m3/s");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Mixing/Cross Mixing [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.NominalMixing, 3) + "] m3/s");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Infiltration/Ventilation [{:.3R}] m3/s", zone.NominalInfilVent));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Mixing/Cross Mixing [{:.3R}] m3/s", zone.NominalMixing));
                             } else {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Airflow Network Simulation: Nominal Infiltration/Ventilation/Mixing not available.");
                             }
@@ -7868,20 +7880,19 @@ namespace HeatBalanceSurfaceManager {
         if ((TH12 > MaxSurfaceTempLimitBeforeFatal) || (TH12 < MinSurfaceTempLimitBeforeFatal)) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (TH12 < MinSurfaceTempLimitBeforeFatal) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "Temperature (low) out of bounds [" + RoundSigDigits(TH12, 2) + "] for zone=\"" + zone.Name +
-                                    "\", for surface=\"" + surface.Name + "\"");
+                    ShowSevereError(
+                        state, format("Temperature (low) out of bounds [{:.2R}] for zone=\"{}\", for surface=\"{}\"", TH12, zone.Name, surface.Name));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     if (!zone.TempOutOfBoundsReported) {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Zone=\"" + zone.Name + "\", Diagnostic Details:");
                         if (zone.FloorArea > 0.0) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Internal Heat Gain [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.InternalHeatGains / zone.FloorArea, 3) + "] W/m2");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Internal Heat Gain [{:.3R}] W/m2", zone.InternalHeatGains / zone.FloorArea));
                         } else {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Internal Heat Gain (no floor) [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.InternalHeatGains / zone.FloorArea, 3) +
-                                              "] W");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Internal Heat Gain (no floor) [{:.3R}] W", zone.InternalHeatGains / zone.FloorArea));
                         }
                         if (AirflowNetwork::SimulateAirflowNetwork <= AirflowNetwork::AirflowNetworkControlSimple) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Infiltration/Ventilation [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.NominalInfilVent, 3) + "] m3/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Mixing/Cross Mixing [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.NominalMixing, 3) + "] m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Infiltration/Ventilation [{:.3R}] m3/s", zone.NominalInfilVent));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Mixing/Cross Mixing [{:.3R}] m3/s", zone.NominalMixing));
                         } else {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Airflow Network Simulation: Nominal Infiltration/Ventilation/Mixing not available.");
                         }
@@ -7894,20 +7905,20 @@ namespace HeatBalanceSurfaceManager {
                     }
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "Temperature (high) out of bounds [" + RoundSigDigits(TH12, 2) + "] for zone=\"" + zone.Name +
-                                    "\", for surface=\"" + surface.Name + "\"");
+                    ShowSevereError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Temperature (high) out of bounds [{:.2R}] for zone=\"{}\", for surface=\"{}\"", TH12, zone.Name, surface.Name));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     if (!zone.TempOutOfBoundsReported) {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Zone=\"" + zone.Name + "\", Diagnostic Details:");
                         if (zone.FloorArea > 0.0) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Internal Heat Gain [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.InternalHeatGains / zone.FloorArea, 3) + "] W/m2");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Internal Heat Gain [{:.3R}] W/m2", zone.InternalHeatGains / zone.FloorArea));
                         } else {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Internal Heat Gain (no floor) [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.InternalHeatGains / zone.FloorArea, 3) +
-                                              "] W");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Internal Heat Gain (no floor) [{:.3R}] W", zone.InternalHeatGains / zone.FloorArea));
                         }
                         if (AirflowNetwork::SimulateAirflowNetwork <= AirflowNetwork::AirflowNetworkControlSimple) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Infiltration/Ventilation [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.NominalInfilVent, 3) + "] m3/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Mixing/Cross Mixing [" + RoundSigDigits(zone.NominalMixing, 3) + "] m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Infiltration/Ventilation [{:.3R}] m3/s", zone.NominalInfilVent));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Mixing/Cross Mixing [{:.3R}] m3/s", zone.NominalMixing));
                         } else {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...Airflow Network Simulation: Nominal Infiltration/Ventilation/Mixing not available.");
                         }
@@ -7922,8 +7933,11 @@ namespace HeatBalanceSurfaceManager {
                 }
             } else {
                 if (TH12 < -10000. || TH12 > 10000.) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "CalcHeatBalanceInsideSurf: The temperature of " + RoundSigDigits(TH12, 2) + " C for zone=\"" + zone.Name +
-                                    "\", for surface=\"" + surface.Name + "\"");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("CalcHeatBalanceInsideSurf: The temperature of {:.2R} C for zone=\"{}\", for surface=\"{}\"",
+                                           TH12,
+                                           zone.Name,
+                                           surface.Name));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..is very far out of bounds during warmup. This may be an indication of a malformed zone.");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition.");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatPumpWaterToWaterCOOLING.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatPumpWaterToWaterCOOLING.cc
index 31ff00bacb9..bfecb3017ee 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatPumpWaterToWaterCOOLING.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatPumpWaterToWaterCOOLING.cc
@@ -790,16 +790,20 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterCOOLING {
 
             if (SourceSidePressure < this->LowPressCutoff) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, ModuleCompName + "=\"" + this->Name + "\" Cooling Source Side Pressure Less than the Design Minimum");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Cooling Source Side Pressure=" + General::TrimSigDigits(SourceSidePressure, 2) +
-                                  " and user specified Design Minimum Pressure=" + General::TrimSigDigits(this->LowPressCutoff, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Cooling Source Side Pressure={:.2T} and user specified Design Minimum Pressure={:.2T}",
+                                         SourceSidePressure,
+                                         this->LowPressCutoff));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding Conditions cause termination.");
             }
 
             if (LoadSidePressure > this->HighPressCutoff) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, ModuleCompName + "=\"" + this->Name + "\" Cooling Load Side Pressure greater than the Design Maximum");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Cooling Load Side Pressure=" + General::TrimSigDigits(LoadSidePressure, 2) +
-                                  " and user specified Design Maximum Pressure=" + General::TrimSigDigits(this->HighPressCutoff, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Cooling Load Side Pressure={:.2T} and user specified Design Maximum Pressure={:.2T}",
+                                         LoadSidePressure,
+                                         this->HighPressCutoff));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding Conditions cause termination.");
             }
@@ -810,16 +814,19 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterCOOLING {
 
             if (SuctionPr < this->LowPressCutoff) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, ModuleCompName + "=\"" + this->Name + "\" Cooling Suction Pressure Less than the Design Minimum");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Cooling Suction Pressure=" + General::TrimSigDigits(SuctionPr, 2) +
-                                  " and user specified Design Minimum Pressure=" + General::TrimSigDigits(this->LowPressCutoff, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("Cooling Suction Pressure={:.2T} and user specified Design Minimum Pressure={:.2T}", SuctionPr, this->LowPressCutoff));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding Conditions cause termination.");
             }
 
             if (DischargePr > this->HighPressCutoff) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, ModuleCompName + "=\"" + this->Name + "\" Cooling Discharge Pressure greater than the Design Maximum");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Cooling Discharge Pressure=" + General::TrimSigDigits(DischargePr, 2) +
-                                  " and user specified Design Maximum Pressure=" + General::TrimSigDigits(this->HighPressCutoff, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Cooling Discharge Pressure={:.2T} and user specified Design Maximum Pressure={:.2T}",
+                                         DischargePr,
+                                         this->HighPressCutoff));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding Conditions cause termination.");
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatPumpWaterToWaterHEATING.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatPumpWaterToWaterHEATING.cc
index f0dc5f1b2a0..33055c6d6b6 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatPumpWaterToWaterHEATING.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatPumpWaterToWaterHEATING.cc
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterHEATING {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
         using namespace FluidProperties;
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -730,14 +730,17 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterHEATING {
             // check cutoff pressures
             if (SourceSidePressure < this->LowPressCutoff) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, ModuleCompName + "=\"" + this->Name + "\" Heating Source Side Pressure Less than the Design Minimum");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Source Side Pressure=" + TrimSigDigits(SourceSidePressure, 2) +
-                                  " and user specified Design Minimum Pressure=" + TrimSigDigits(this->LowPressCutoff, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Source Side Pressure={:.2T} and user specified Design Minimum Pressure={:.2T}",
+                                         SourceSidePressure,
+                                         this->LowPressCutoff));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding Conditions cause termination.");
             }
             if (LoadSidePressure > this->HighPressCutoff) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, ModuleCompName + "=\"" + this->Name + "\" Heating Load Side Pressure greater than the Design Maximum");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Load Side Pressure=" + TrimSigDigits(LoadSidePressure, 2) +
-                                  " and user specified Design Maximum Pressure=" + TrimSigDigits(this->HighPressCutoff, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("Load Side Pressure={:.2T} and user specified Design Maximum Pressure={:.2T}", LoadSidePressure, this->HighPressCutoff));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding Conditions cause termination.");
             }
 
@@ -748,14 +751,17 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterHEATING {
             // check cutoff pressures
             if (SuctionPr < this->LowPressCutoff) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, ModuleCompName + "=\"" + this->Name + "\" Heating Suction Pressure Less than the Design Minimum");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Heating Suction Pressure=" + TrimSigDigits(SuctionPr, 2) +
-                                  " and user specified Design Minimum Pressure=" + TrimSigDigits(this->LowPressCutoff, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("Heating Suction Pressure={:.2T} and user specified Design Minimum Pressure={:.2T}", SuctionPr, this->LowPressCutoff));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding Conditions cause termination.");
             }
             if (DischargePr > this->HighPressCutoff) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, ModuleCompName + "=\"" + this->Name + "\" Heating Discharge Pressure greater than the Design Maximum");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Heating Discharge Pressure=" + TrimSigDigits(DischargePr, 2) +
-                                  " and user specified Design Maximum Pressure=" + TrimSigDigits(this->HighPressCutoff, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Heating Discharge Pressure={:.2T} and user specified Design Maximum Pressure={:.2T}",
+                                         DischargePr,
+                                         this->HighPressCutoff));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding Conditions cause termination.");
             }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple.cc
index e08681169d1..f5178a1cb83 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple.cc
@@ -102,7 +102,6 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
     // USE STATEMENTS:
     // Use statements for data only modules
     // Using/Aliasing
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
     using namespace DataLoopNode;
 
     // MODULE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS
@@ -1027,9 +1026,8 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpCoolingCap - nomCoolingCapUser) / nomCoolingCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "sizeCoolingWaterToWaterHP: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(nomCoolingCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCoolingCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", nomCoolingCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpCoolingCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1073,10 +1071,11 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpLoadSideVolFlowRate - nomLoadSideVolFlowUser) / nomLoadSideVolFlowUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "sizeCoolingWaterToWaterHP: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Load Side Volume Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(nomLoadSideVolFlowUser, 2) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Load Side Volume Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpLoadSideVolFlowRate, 2) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Load Side Volume Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", nomLoadSideVolFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Load Side Volume Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", tmpLoadSideVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1192,10 +1191,10 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
                         if ((std::abs(tmpSourceSideVolFlowRate - nomSourceSideVolFlowUser) / nomSourceSideVolFlowUser) >
                             DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "sizeCoolingWaterToWaterHP: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Source Side Volume Flow Rate of " +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(nomSourceSideVolFlowUser, 2) + " [m3/s]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Source Side Volume Flow Rate of " +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(tmpSourceSideVolFlowRate, 2) + " [m3/s]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("User-Specified Source Side Volume Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", nomSourceSideVolFlowUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("differs from Design Size Source Side Volume Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", tmpSourceSideVolFlowRate));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -1237,9 +1236,8 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
                     if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                         if ((std::abs(tmpPowerDraw - nomPowerDrawUser) / nomPowerDrawUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "sizeCoolingWaterToWaterHP: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Cooling Power Consumption of " + General::RoundSigDigits(nomPowerDrawUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Cooling Power Consumption of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpPowerDraw, 2) +
-                                              " [W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Cooling Power Consumption of {:.2R} [W]", nomPowerDrawUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Cooling Power Consumption of {:.2R} [W]", tmpPowerDraw));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -1364,9 +1362,8 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpHeatingCap - nomHeatingCapUser) / nomHeatingCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "sizeHeatingWaterToWaterHP: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(nomHeatingCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpHeatingCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", nomHeatingCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpHeatingCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1410,10 +1407,11 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpLoadSideVolFlowRate - nomLoadSideVolFlowUser) / nomLoadSideVolFlowUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "sizeHeatingWaterToWaterHP: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Load Side Volume Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(nomLoadSideVolFlowUser, 2) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Load Side Volume Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpLoadSideVolFlowRate, 2) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Load Side Volume Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", nomLoadSideVolFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Load Side Volume Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", tmpLoadSideVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1528,10 +1526,10 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
                         if ((std::abs(tmpSourceSideVolFlowRate - nomSourceSideVolFlowUser) / nomSourceSideVolFlowUser) >
                             DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "sizeHeatingWaterToWaterHP: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Source Side Volume Flow Rate of " +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(nomSourceSideVolFlowUser, 2) + " [m3/s]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Source Side Volume Flow Rate of " +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(tmpSourceSideVolFlowRate, 2) + " [m3/s]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("User-Specified Source Side Volume Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", nomSourceSideVolFlowUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state, format("differs from Design Size Source Side Volume Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", tmpSourceSideVolFlowRate));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -1573,9 +1571,8 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
                     if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                         if ((std::abs(tmpPowerDraw - nomPowerDrawUser) / nomPowerDrawUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "sizeHeatingWaterToWaterHP: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Heating Power Consumption of " + General::RoundSigDigits(nomPowerDrawUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Heating Power Consumption of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpPowerDraw, 2) +
-                                              " [W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Heating Power Consumption of {:.2R} [W]", nomPowerDrawUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Heating Power Consumption of {:.2R} [W]", tmpPowerDraw));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -1718,12 +1715,12 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
                 if (this->CoolCapNegativeCounter < 1) {
                     ++this->CoolCapNegativeCounter;
                     ShowWarningError(state, HPEqFitCooling + " \"" + this->Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Cooling capacity curve output is <= 0.0 (" + TrimSigDigits(QLoad, 4) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Zero or negative value occurs with a load-side inlet temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(LoadSideInletTemp, 2) +
-                                      " C,");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " a source-side inlet temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(SourceSideInletTemp, 2) + " C,");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " a load-side mass flow rate of " + TrimSigDigits(LoadSideMassFlowRate, 3) + " kg/s,");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " and a source-side mass flow rate of " + TrimSigDigits(SourceSideMassFlowRate, 3) + " kg/s.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Cooling capacity curve output is <= 0.0 ({:.4T}).", QLoad));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format(" Zero or negative value occurs with a load-side inlet temperature of {:.2T} C,", LoadSideInletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" a source-side inlet temperature of {:.2T} C,", SourceSideInletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" a load-side mass flow rate of {:.3T} kg/s,", LoadSideMassFlowRate));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" and a source-side mass flow rate of {:.3T} kg/s.", SourceSideMassFlowRate));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " The heat pump is turned off for this time step but simulation continues.");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, HPEqFitCooling + " \"" + this->Name +
@@ -1737,12 +1734,12 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
                 if (this->CoolPowerNegativeCounter < 1) {
                     ++this->CoolPowerNegativeCounter;
                     ShowWarningError(state, HPEqFitCooling + " \"" + this->Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Cooling compressor power curve output is <= 0.0 (" + TrimSigDigits(Power, 4) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Zero or negative value occurs with a load-side inlet temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(LoadSideInletTemp, 2) +
-                                      " C,");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " a source-side inlet temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(SourceSideInletTemp, 2) + " C,");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " a load-side mass flow rate of " + TrimSigDigits(LoadSideMassFlowRate, 3) + " kg/s,");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " and a source-side mass flow rate of " + TrimSigDigits(SourceSideMassFlowRate, 3) + " kg/s.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Cooling compressor power curve output is <= 0.0 ({:.4T}).", Power));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format(" Zero or negative value occurs with a load-side inlet temperature of {:.2T} C,", LoadSideInletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" a source-side inlet temperature of {:.2T} C,", SourceSideInletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" a load-side mass flow rate of {:.3T} kg/s,", LoadSideMassFlowRate));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" and a source-side mass flow rate of {:.3T} kg/s.", SourceSideMassFlowRate));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " The heat pump is turned off for this time step but simulation continues.");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, HPEqFitCooling + " \"" + this->Name +
@@ -1897,12 +1894,12 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
                 if (this->HeatCapNegativeCounter < 1) {
                     ++this->HeatCapNegativeCounter;
                     ShowWarningError(state, HPEqFitHeating + " \"" + this->Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Heating capacity curve output is <= 0.0 (" + TrimSigDigits(QLoad, 4) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Zero or negative value occurs with a load-side inlet temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(LoadSideInletTemp, 2) +
-                                      " C,");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " a source-side inlet temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(SourceSideInletTemp, 2) + " C,");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " a load-side mass flow rate of " + TrimSigDigits(LoadSideMassFlowRate, 3) + " kg/s,");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " and a source-side mass flow rate of " + TrimSigDigits(SourceSideMassFlowRate, 3) + " kg/s.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Heating capacity curve output is <= 0.0 ({:.4T}).", QLoad));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format(" Zero or negative value occurs with a load-side inlet temperature of {:.2T} C,", LoadSideInletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" a source-side inlet temperature of {:.2T} C,", SourceSideInletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" a load-side mass flow rate of {:.3T} kg/s,", LoadSideMassFlowRate));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" and a source-side mass flow rate of {:.3T} kg/s.", SourceSideMassFlowRate));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " The heat pump is turned off for this time step but simulation continues.");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, HPEqFitHeating + " \"" + this->Name +
@@ -1916,12 +1913,12 @@ namespace HeatPumpWaterToWaterSimple {
                 if (this->HeatPowerNegativeCounter < 1) {
                     ++this->HeatPowerNegativeCounter;
                     ShowWarningError(state, HPEqFitHeating + " \"" + this->Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Heating compressor power curve output is <= 0.0 (" + TrimSigDigits(Power, 4) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Zero or negative value occurs with a load-side inlet temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(LoadSideInletTemp, 2) +
-                                      " C,");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " a source-side inlet temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(SourceSideInletTemp, 2) + " C,");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " a load-side mass flow rate of " + TrimSigDigits(LoadSideMassFlowRate, 3) + " kg/s,");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " and a source-side mass flow rate of " + TrimSigDigits(SourceSideMassFlowRate, 3) + " kg/s.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Heating compressor power curve output is <= 0.0 ({:.4T}).", Power));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format(" Zero or negative value occurs with a load-side inlet temperature of {:.2T} C,", LoadSideInletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" a source-side inlet temperature of {:.2T} C,", SourceSideInletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" a load-side mass flow rate of {:.3T} kg/s,", LoadSideMassFlowRate));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" and a source-side mass flow rate of {:.3T} kg/s.", SourceSideMassFlowRate));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " The heat pump is turned off for this time step but simulation continues.");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, HPEqFitHeating + " \"" + this->Name +
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatRecovery.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatRecovery.cc
index 7a3d581ba83..4a454cfed7b 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatRecovery.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatRecovery.cc
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DXCoils.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataAirLoop.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataContaminantBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHVACGlobals.hh>
@@ -68,10 +67,8 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GeneralRoutines.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GlobalNames.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/HVACControllers.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HeatRecovery.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/MixedAir.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Psychrometrics.hh>
@@ -120,7 +117,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
 
     // Use statements for access to subroutines in other modules
     using namespace ScheduleManager;
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
     using General::SolveRoot;
     using namespace Psychrometrics;
 
@@ -238,7 +235,6 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         // Manage the simulation of a heat recovery unit
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int HeatExchNum; // index of unit being simulated
@@ -263,13 +259,19 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         } else {
             HeatExchNum = CompIndex;
             if (HeatExchNum > NumHeatExchangers || HeatExchNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimHeatRecovery:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(HeatExchNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumHeatExchangers) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimHeatRecovery:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      HeatExchNum,
+                                      NumHeatExchangers,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(HeatExchNum)) {
                 if (CompName != ExchCond(HeatExchNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimHeatRecovery: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(HeatExchNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + ExchCond(HeatExchNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimHeatRecovery: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          HeatExchNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          ExchCond(HeatExchNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(HeatExchNum) = false;
             }
@@ -729,7 +731,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).NomSupAirVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Nominal air flow rate must be greater than zero.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).NomSupAirVolFlow, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).NomSupAirVolFlow));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -740,7 +742,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).NomProcAirFaceVel > 6.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Nominal air face velocity cannot be less than or equal to zero or greater than 6 m/s.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).NomProcAirFaceVel, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).NomProcAirFaceVel));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).NomElecPower = rNumericArgs(3);
@@ -748,7 +750,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).NomElecPower < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Nominal electric power cannot be less than zero.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).NomElecPower, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).NomElecPower));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -769,22 +771,26 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regeneration inlet air humidity ratio must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinRegenAirInHumRat, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxRegenAirInHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... minimum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinRegenAirInHumRat));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... maximum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxRegenAirInHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinRegenAirInHumRat < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regeneration inlet air humidity ratio must be greater than or equal to 0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinRegenAirInHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... minimum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinRegenAirInHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxRegenAirInHumRat > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in max boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the maximum value of regeneration inlet air humidity ratio must be less than or equal to 1.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxRegenAirInHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... maximum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxRegenAirInHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -794,8 +800,8 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regeneration inlet air temperature must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinRegenAirInTemp, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxRegenAirInTemp, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinRegenAirInTemp));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxRegenAirInTemp));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -805,22 +811,22 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of process inlet air humidity ratio must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinProcAirInHumRat, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxProcAirInHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinProcAirInHumRat));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxProcAirInHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinProcAirInHumRat < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of process inlet air humidity ratio must be greater than or equal to 0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinProcAirInHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinProcAirInHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxProcAirInHumRat > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in max boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the maximum value of process inlet air humidity ratio must be less than or equal to 1.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxProcAirInHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxProcAirInHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -830,8 +836,8 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of process inlet air temperature must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinProcAirInTemp, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxProcAirInTemp, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinProcAirInTemp));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxProcAirInTemp));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -841,8 +847,8 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regen air velocity must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinFaceVel, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxFaceVel, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinFaceVel));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxFaceVel));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -852,8 +858,8 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regen outlet air temperature must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MinRegenAirOutTemp, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MaxRegenAirOutTemp, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MinRegenAirOutTemp));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MaxRegenAirOutTemp));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -863,22 +869,26 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regen inlet air relative humidity must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinRegenAirInRelHum < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regen inlet air relative humidity must be greater than or equal to 0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxRegenAirInRelHum > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in max boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the maximum value of regen inlet air relative humidity must be less than or equal to 100.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -888,22 +898,22 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of process inlet air relative humidity must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinProcAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxProcAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinProcAirInRelHum * 100.0));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxProcAirInRelHum * 100.0));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinProcAirInRelHum < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of process inlet air relative humidity must be greater than or equal to 0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinProcAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MinProcAirInRelHum * 100.0));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxProcAirInRelHum > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in max boundary for the regen outlet air temperature equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the maximum value of process inlet air relative humidity must be less than or equal to 100.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxProcAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).T_MaxProcAirInRelHum * 100.0));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -924,22 +934,26 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regeneration inlet air humidity ratio must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinRegenAirInHumRat, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxRegenAirInHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... minimum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinRegenAirInHumRat));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... maximum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxRegenAirInHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinRegenAirInHumRat < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regeneration inlet air humidity ratio must be greater than or equal to 0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinRegenAirInHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... minimum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinRegenAirInHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxRegenAirInHumRat > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the maximum value of regeneration inlet air humidity ratio must be less than or equal to 1.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxRegenAirInHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... maximum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxRegenAirInHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -949,8 +963,8 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regeneration inlet air temperature must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinRegenAirInTemp, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxRegenAirInTemp, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinRegenAirInTemp));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxRegenAirInTemp));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -960,22 +974,22 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of process inlet air humidity ratio must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinProcAirInHumRat, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxProcAirInHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinProcAirInHumRat));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxProcAirInHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinProcAirInHumRat < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of process inlet air humidity ratio must be greater than or equal to 0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinProcAirInHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinProcAirInHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxProcAirInHumRat > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the maximum value of process inlet air humidity ratio must be less than or equal to 1.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered by user = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxProcAirInHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered by user = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxProcAirInHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -985,8 +999,8 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of process inlet air temperature must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinProcAirInTemp, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxProcAirInTemp, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinProcAirInTemp));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxProcAirInTemp));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -996,8 +1010,8 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regen air velocity must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinFaceVel, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxFaceVel, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinFaceVel));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxFaceVel));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1007,22 +1021,22 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regen outlet air humidity ratio must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MinRegenAirOutHumRat, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MaxRegenAirOutHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MinRegenAirOutHumRat));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MaxRegenAirOutHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MinRegenAirOutHumRat < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regen outlet air humidity ratio must be greater than or equal to 0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MinRegenAirOutHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MinRegenAirOutHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MaxRegenAirOutHumRat > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the maximum value of regen outlet air humidity ratio must be less or equal to 1.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MaxRegenAirOutHumRat, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).MaxRegenAirOutHumRat));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1032,22 +1046,26 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regen inlet air relative humidity must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinRegenAirInRelHum < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of regen inlet air relative humidity must be greater than or equal to 0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxRegenAirInRelHum > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the maximum value of regen inlet air relative humidity must be less or equal to 100.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1057,22 +1075,22 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min/max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of process inlet air relative humidity must be less than the maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinProcAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxProcAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinProcAirInRelHum * 100.0));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxProcAirInRelHum * 100.0));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinProcAirInRelHum < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in min boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the minimum value of process inlet air relative humidity must be greater than or equal to 0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... minimum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinProcAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... minimum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MinProcAirInRelHum * 100.0));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxProcAirInRelHum > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Error found in max boundary for the regen outlet air humidity ratio equation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... the maximum value of process inlet air relative humidity must be less than or equal to 100.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... maximum value entered = " + RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxProcAirInRelHum * 100.0, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... maximum value entered = {:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(PerfDataNum).H_MaxProcAirInRelHum * 100.0));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
         }
@@ -1273,7 +1291,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DXCoils::DXCoilFullLoadOutAirHumRat;
         using DXCoils::DXCoilFullLoadOutAirTemp;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         //  USE DataZoneEquipment,  ONLY: ZoneEquipInputsFilled,CheckZoneEquipmentList
         using EMSManager::CheckIfNodeSetPointManagedByEMS;
         using EMSManager::iHumidityRatioMaxSetPoint;
@@ -1370,58 +1388,60 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                         FatalError = true;
                         ShowSevereError(state, "In the HeatExchanger:AirToAir:FlatPlate component " + ExchCond(ExIndex).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  the mass flow ratio is out of bounds");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The mass flow ratio is (Min_Mass_Flow_Rate / Max_Mass_Flow_Rate) = " + RoundSigDigits(Z, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The mass flow ratio is (Min_Mass_Flow_Rate / Max_Mass_Flow_Rate) = {:.2R}", Z));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "The mass flow ratio should be >= 0.0 and <= 1.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Min_Mass_Flow_Rate = " + RoundSigDigits(RhoAir, 2) + " [air density] * " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(min(ExchCond(ExIndex).NomSupAirVolFlow, ExchCond(ExIndex).NomSecAirVolFlow), 1) +
-                                          " [Min_Vol_Flow_Rate]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Max_Mass_Flow_Rate = " + RoundSigDigits(RhoAir, 2) + " [air density] * " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(max(ExchCond(ExIndex).NomSupAirVolFlow, ExchCond(ExIndex).NomSecAirVolFlow), 1) +
-                                          " [Max_Vol_Flow_Rate]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Min_Mass_Flow_Rate = {:.2R} [air density] * {:.1R} [Min_Vol_Flow_Rate]",
+                                                 RhoAir,
+                                                 min(ExchCond(ExIndex).NomSupAirVolFlow, ExchCond(ExIndex).NomSecAirVolFlow)));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Max_Mass_Flow_Rate = {:.2R} [air density] * {:.1R} [Max_Vol_Flow_Rate]",
+                                                 RhoAir,
+                                                 max(ExchCond(ExIndex).NomSupAirVolFlow, ExchCond(ExIndex).NomSecAirVolFlow)));
                     } else if (ErrStat == 2) {
                         FatalError = true;
                         ShowSevereError(state, "In the HeatExchanger:AirToAir:FlatPlate component " + ExchCond(ExIndex).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  the calculated nominal effectiveness is out of bounds");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The effectiveness is " + RoundSigDigits(Eps0, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The effectiveness should be >= 0.0 and <= " + RoundSigDigits(1.0 / (1.0 + Z), 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The effectiveness is {:.3R}", Eps0));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The effectiveness should be >= 0.0 and <= {:.3R}", 1.0 / (1.0 + Z)));
                         ShowContinueError(state,
                             "Eff = (Nom_Sup_Mass_Flow_Rate/Min_Mass_Flow_Rate)*(T_nom_sup_out-T_nom_sup_in)/(T_nom_sec_in-T_nom_sup_in)");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "The temperatures are user inputs. The mass flow rates are user input volume flow rates");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "  times the density of air [" + RoundSigDigits(RhoAir, 2) + " kg/m3]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("  times the density of air [{:.2R} kg/m3]", RhoAir));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Change these inputs to obtain a physically realizable heat exchanger effectiveness");
                     } else if (ErrStat == 3) {
                         FatalError = true;
                         ShowSevereError(state, "In the HeatExchanger:AirToAir:FlatPlate component " + ExchCond(ExIndex).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  the calculated nominal effectiveness is out of bounds");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The effectiveness is " + RoundSigDigits(Eps0, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The effectiveness should be >= 0.0 and <= " + RoundSigDigits((1.0 - std::exp(-Z)) / Z, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The effectiveness is {:.3R}", Eps0));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The effectiveness should be >= 0.0 and <= {:.3R}", (1.0 - std::exp(-Z)) / Z));
                         ShowContinueError(state,
                             "Eff = (Nom_Sup_Mass_Flow_Rate/Min_Mass_Flow_Rate)*(T_nom_sup_out-T_nom_sup_in)/(T_nom_sec_in-T_nom_sup_in)");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "The temperatures are user inputs. The mass flow rates are user input volume flow rates");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "  times the density of air [" + RoundSigDigits(RhoAir, 2) + " kg/m3]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("  times the density of air [{:.2R} kg/m3]", RhoAir));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Change these inputs to obtain a physically realizable heat exchanger effectiveness");
                     } else if (ErrStat == 4) {
                         FatalError = true;
                         ShowSevereError(state, "In the HeatExchanger:AirToAir:FlatPlate component " + ExchCond(ExIndex).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  the quantity Eff_nom*(Min_Mass_Flow_Rate / Max_Mass_Flow_Rate) is out of bounds");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The value is " + RoundSigDigits(Eps0 * Z, 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The value should be >= 0.0 and <= " + RoundSigDigits(1.0 - std::exp(Z * (SMALL - 1.0)), 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The value is {:.3R}", Eps0 * Z));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The value should be >= 0.0 and <= {:.3R}", 1.0 - std::exp(Z * (SMALL - 1.0))));
                         ShowContinueError(state,
                             "Eff_nom = (Nom_Sup_Mass_Flow_Rate/Min_Mass_Flow_Rate) * (T_nom_sup_out - T_nom_sup_in)/(T_nom_sec_in - T_nom_sup_in)");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "The temperatures are user inputs. The mass flow rates are user input volume flow rates");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "  times the density of air [" + RoundSigDigits(RhoAir, 2) + " kg/m3]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("  times the density of air [{:.2R} kg/m3]", RhoAir));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Change these inputs to obtain a physically realizable product of effectiveness times min/max mass ratio "
                                           "for this heat exchanger");
                     } else if (ErrStat == 5) {
                         FatalError = true;
                         ShowSevereError(state, "In the HeatExchanger:AirToAir:FlatPlate component " + ExchCond(ExIndex).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  the calculated nominal effectiveness is out of bounds");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The effectiveness is " + RoundSigDigits(Eps0, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The effectiveness is {:.3R}", Eps0));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "The effectiveness should be >= 0.0 and <= 1.0");
                         ShowContinueError(state,
                             "Eff = (Nom_Sup_Mass_Flow_Rate/Min_Mass_Flow_Rate)*(T_nom_sup_out-T_nom_sup_in)/(T_nom_sec_in-T_nom_sup_in)");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "The temperatures are user inputs. The mass flow rates are user input volume flow rates");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "  times the density of air [" + RoundSigDigits(RhoAir, 2) + " kg/m3]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("  times the density of air [{:.2R} kg/m3]", RhoAir));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Change these inputs to obtain a physically realizable heat exchanger effectiveness");
                     }
 
@@ -2133,8 +2153,8 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                         if (ExchCond(ExNum).UnBalancedErrCount <= 2) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, cHXTypes(ExchCond(ExNum).ExchTypeNum) + ": \"" + ExchCond(ExNum).Name +
                                             "\" unbalanced air volume flow ratio through the heat exchanger is greater than 2:1.");
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
-                                "...HX Supply air to Exhaust air flow ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(HXSupAirVolFlowRate / HXSecAirVolFlowRate, 5) + '.');
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                state, format("...HX Supply air to Exhaust air flow ratio = {:.5R}.", HXSupAirVolFlowRate / HXSecAirVolFlowRate));
                         } else {
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                                 cHXTypes(ExchCond(ExNum).ExchTypeNum) + " \"" + ExchCond(ExNum).Name +
@@ -2156,7 +2176,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                     if (ExchCond(ExNum).LowFlowErrCount == 1) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, cHXTypes(ExchCond(ExNum).ExchTypeNum) + " \"" + ExchCond(ExNum).Name + "\"");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Average air volume flow rate is <50% or >130% of the nominal HX supply air volume flow rate.");
-                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Air volume flow rate ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(HXAirVolFlowRatio, 3) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Air volume flow rate ratio = {:.3R}.", HXAirVolFlowRatio));
                     } else {
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                             cHXTypes(ExchCond(ExNum).ExchTypeNum) + " \"" + ExchCond(ExNum).Name +
@@ -2205,19 +2225,19 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "HeatExchanger:AirToAir:SensibleAndLatent =\"" + ExchCond(ExNum).Name + "\"" +
                                      " sensible effectiveness is less than zero. Check the following inputs.");
                     if (ExchCond(ExNum).SupInTemp < ExchCond(ExNum).SecInTemp) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Sensible Effectiveness at 100% Heating Air Flow = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectSensible100, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Sensible Effectiveness at 75% Heating Air Flow = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectSensible75, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("...Sensible Effectiveness at 100% Heating Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectSensible100));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Sensible Effectiveness at 75% Heating Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectSensible75));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Sensible effectiveness reset to zero and the simulation continues.");
                     } else {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Sensible Effectiveness at 100% Cooling Air Flow = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectSensible100, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Sensible Effectiveness at 75% Cooling Air Flow = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectSensible75, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("...Sensible Effectiveness at 100% Cooling Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectSensible100));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Sensible Effectiveness at 75% Cooling Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectSensible75));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Sensible effectiveness reset to zero and the simulation continues.");
                     }
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Heat Exchanger Air Volume Flow Ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(HXAirVolFlowRatio, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Heat Exchanger Air Volume Flow Ratio = {:.2R}", HXAirVolFlowRatio));
                     ExchCond(ExNum).SensEffectivenessFlag = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -2228,19 +2248,19 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "HeatExchanger:AirToAir:SensibleAndLatent =\"" + ExchCond(ExNum).Name + "\"" +
                                      " latent effectiveness is less than zero. Check the following inputs.");
                     if (ExchCond(ExNum).SupInTemp < ExchCond(ExNum).SecInTemp) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Latent Effectiveness at 100% Heating Air Flow = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectLatent100, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Latent Effectiveness at 75% Heating Air Flow = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectLatent75, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Latent Effectiveness at 100% Heating Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectLatent100));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Latent Effectiveness at 75% Heating Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectLatent75));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Latent effectiveness reset to zero and the simulation continues.");
                     } else {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Latent Effectiveness at 100% Cooling Air Flow = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectLatent100, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Latent Effectiveness at 75% Cooling Air Flow = " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectLatent75, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Latent Effectiveness at 100% Cooling Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectLatent100));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Latent Effectiveness at 75% Cooling Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectLatent75));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Latent effectiveness reset to zero and the simulation continues.");
                     }
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Heat Exchanger Air Volume Flow Ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(HXAirVolFlowRatio, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Heat Exchanger Air Volume Flow Ratio = {:.2R}", HXAirVolFlowRatio));
                     ExchCond(ExNum).LatEffectivenessFlag = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -2336,19 +2356,23 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, "HeatExchanger:AirToAir:SensibleAndLatent =\"" + ExchCond(ExNum).Name + "\"" +
                                                  " sensible effectiveness is less than zero. Check the following inputs.");
                                 if (ExchCond(ExNum).SupInTemp < ExchCond(ExNum).SecInTemp) {
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Sensible Effectiveness at 100% Heating Air Flow = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectSensible100, 2));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Sensible Effectiveness at 75% Heating Air Flow = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectSensible75, 2));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("...Sensible Effectiveness at 100% Heating Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectSensible100));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("...Sensible Effectiveness at 75% Heating Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectSensible75));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Sensible effectiveness reset to zero and the simulation continues.");
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Sensible Effectiveness at 100% Cooling Air Flow = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectSensible100, 2));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Sensible Effectiveness at 75% Cooling Air Flow = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectSensible75, 2));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("...Sensible Effectiveness at 100% Cooling Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectSensible100));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("...Sensible Effectiveness at 75% Cooling Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectSensible75));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Sensible effectiveness reset to zero and the simulation continues.");
                                 }
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Heat Exchanger Air Volume Flow Ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(HXAirVolFlowRatio, 2));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Heat Exchanger Air Volume Flow Ratio = {:.2R}", HXAirVolFlowRatio));
                                 ExchCond(ExNum).SensEffectivenessFlag = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -2359,19 +2383,23 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, "HeatExchanger:AirToAir:SensibleAndLatent =\"" + ExchCond(ExNum).Name + "\"" +
                                                  " latent effectiveness is less than zero. Check the following inputs.");
                                 if (ExchCond(ExNum).SupInTemp < ExchCond(ExNum).SecInTemp) {
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Latent Effectiveness at 100% Heating Air Flow = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectLatent100, 2));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Latent Effectiveness at 75% Heating Air Flow = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectLatent75, 2));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("...Latent Effectiveness at 100% Heating Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectLatent100));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("...Latent Effectiveness at 75% Heating Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).HeatEffectLatent75));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Latent effectiveness reset to zero and the simulation continues.");
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Latent Effectiveness at 100% Cooling Air Flow = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectLatent100, 2));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Latent Effectiveness at 75% Cooling Air Flow = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectLatent75, 2));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("...Latent Effectiveness at 100% Cooling Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectLatent100));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("...Latent Effectiveness at 75% Cooling Air Flow = {:.2R}", ExchCond(ExNum).CoolEffectLatent75));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Latent effectiveness reset to zero and the simulation continues.");
                                 }
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Heat Exchanger Air Volume Flow Ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(HXAirVolFlowRatio, 2));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Heat Exchanger Air Volume Flow Ratio = {:.2R}", HXAirVolFlowRatio));
                                 ExchCond(ExNum).LatEffectivenessFlag = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -3403,7 +3431,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
 
         // check input validity
         if (Z < 0.0 || Z > 1.0) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "Variable Z (" + RoundSigDigits(Z, 2) + ") out of range [0.0,1.0] in CalculateEpsFromNTUandZ");
+            ShowFatalError(state, format("Variable Z ({:.2R}) out of range [0.0,1.0] in CalculateEpsFromNTUandZ", Z));
         }
 
         // effectiveness
@@ -3430,7 +3458,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == Cross_Flow_Other) { // CROSS FLOW, Cmax MIXED, Cmin UNMIXED
                     Eps = (1.0 - std::exp(-Z * (1.0 - std::exp(-NTU)))) / Z;
                 } else {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "HeatRecovery: Illegal flow arrangement in CalculateEpsFromNTUandZ, Value=" + RoundSigDigits(FlowArr));
+                    ShowFatalError(state, format("HeatRecovery: Illegal flow arrangement in CalculateEpsFromNTUandZ, Value={}", FlowArr));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -3539,7 +3567,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == Cross_Flow_Other) { // CROSS FLOW, Cmax MIXED, Cmin UNMIXED
                     NTU = -std::log(1.0 + std::log(1.0 - Eps * Z) / Z);
                 } else {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "HeatRecovery: Illegal flow arrangement in CalculateNTUfromEpsAndZ, Value=" + RoundSigDigits(FlowArr));
+                    ShowFatalError(state, format("HeatRecovery: Illegal flow arrangement in CalculateNTUfromEpsAndZ, Value={}", FlowArr));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -3699,7 +3727,6 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
         using General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS
@@ -3851,9 +3878,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (T_RegenInTemp < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInTemp ||
             T_RegenInTemp > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxRegenAirInTemp) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_RegenInTempLast = T_RegenInTemp;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(T_RegenInTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxRegenAirInTemp, 2);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.2R}", T_RegenInTemp);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.2R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInTemp);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.2R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxRegenAirInTemp);
             if (T_RegenInTemp < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInTemp) {
                 T_RegenInTemp = BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInTemp;
             }
@@ -3870,7 +3897,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_RegenInTempBuffer2 = "...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " +
                                                                                             OutputCharHi + ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName +
                                                                                             ", " + CurMnDy + ' ' + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(T_RegenInTemp, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", T_RegenInTemp);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_RegenInTempBuffer3 =
                     "...Regeneration outlet air temperature equation: regeneration inlet air temperature passed to the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -3883,9 +3910,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (T_RegenInHumRat < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInHumRat ||
             T_RegenInHumRat > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxRegenAirInHumRat) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_RegenInHumRatLast = T_RegenInHumRat;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(T_RegenInHumRat, 6);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInHumRat, 6);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxRegenAirInHumRat, 6);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.6R}", T_RegenInHumRat);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInHumRat);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxRegenAirInHumRat);
             if (T_RegenInHumRat < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInHumRat) {
                 T_RegenInHumRat = BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInHumRat;
             }
@@ -3902,7 +3929,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_RegenInHumRatBuffer2 =
                     "...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " + OutputCharHi + ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " + CurMnDy + ' ' +
                     CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(T_RegenInHumRat, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", T_RegenInHumRat);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_RegenInHumRatBuffer3 =
                     "...Regeneration outlet air temperature equation: regeneration inlet air humidity ratio passed to the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -3915,9 +3942,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (T_ProcInTemp < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInTemp ||
             T_ProcInTemp > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxProcAirInTemp) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_ProcInTempLast = T_ProcInTemp;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(T_ProcInTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxProcAirInTemp, 2);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.2R}", T_ProcInTemp);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.2R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInTemp);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.2R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxProcAirInTemp);
             if (T_ProcInTemp < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInTemp) {
                 T_ProcInTemp = BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInTemp;
             }
@@ -3937,7 +3964,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_ProcInTempBuffer2 = "...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " +
                                                                                            OutputCharHi + ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName +
                                                                                            ',' + CurMnDy + ' ' + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(T_ProcInTemp, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", T_ProcInTemp);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_ProcInTempBuffer3 =
                     "...Regeneration outlet air temperature equation: process inlet air temperature passed to the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -3950,9 +3977,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (T_ProcInHumRat < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInHumRat ||
             T_ProcInHumRat > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxProcAirInHumRat) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_ProcInHumRatLast = T_ProcInHumRat;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(T_ProcInHumRat, 6);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInHumRat, 6);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxProcAirInHumRat, 6);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.6R}", T_ProcInHumRat);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInHumRat);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxProcAirInHumRat);
             if (T_ProcInHumRat < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInHumRat) {
                 T_ProcInHumRat = BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInHumRat;
             }
@@ -3972,7 +3999,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_ProcInHumRatBuffer2 = "...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " +
                                                                                              OutputCharHi + ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName +
                                                                                              ", " + CurMnDy + ' ' + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(T_ProcInHumRat, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", T_ProcInHumRat);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_ProcInHumRatBuffer3 =
                     "...Regeneration outlet air temperature equation: process inlet air humidity ratio passed to the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -3985,9 +4012,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (T_FaceVel < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinFaceVel ||
             T_FaceVel > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxFaceVel) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_FaceVelLast = T_FaceVel;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(T_FaceVel, 6);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinFaceVel, 6);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxFaceVel, 6);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.6R}", T_FaceVel);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinFaceVel);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxFaceVel);
             if (T_FaceVel < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinFaceVel) {
                 T_FaceVel = BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinFaceVel;
             }
@@ -4004,7 +4031,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_FaceVelBuffer2 = "...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " + OutputCharHi +
                                                                                         ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " + CurMnDy +
                                                                                         ' ' + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(T_FaceVel, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", T_FaceVel);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_FaceVelBuffer3 =
                     "...Regeneration outlet air temperature equation: process and regen face velocity passed to the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -4049,7 +4076,6 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
         using General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -4201,9 +4227,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (H_RegenInTemp < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInTemp ||
             H_RegenInTemp > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxRegenAirInTemp) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_RegenInTempLast = H_RegenInTemp;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(H_RegenInTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxRegenAirInTemp, 2);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.2R}", H_RegenInTemp);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.2R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInTemp);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.2R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxRegenAirInTemp);
             if (H_RegenInTemp < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInTemp) {
                 H_RegenInTemp = BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInTemp;
             }
@@ -4220,7 +4246,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_RegenInTempBuffer2 = "...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " +
                                                                                             OutputCharHi + ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName +
                                                                                             ", " + CurMnDy + " , " + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(H_RegenInTemp, 2);
+                CharValue = format("{:.2R}", H_RegenInTemp);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_RegenInTempBuffer3 =
                     "...Regeneration outlet air humidity ratio equation: regeneration inlet air temperature passed to the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -4233,9 +4259,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (H_RegenInHumRat < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInHumRat ||
             H_RegenInHumRat > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxRegenAirInHumRat) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_RegenInHumRatLast = H_RegenInHumRat;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(H_RegenInHumRat, 6);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInHumRat, 6);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxRegenAirInHumRat, 6);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.6R}", H_RegenInHumRat);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInHumRat);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxRegenAirInHumRat);
             if (H_RegenInHumRat < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInHumRat) {
                 H_RegenInHumRat = BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInHumRat;
             }
@@ -4252,7 +4278,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_RegenInHumRatBuffer2 =
                     "...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " + OutputCharHi + ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " + CurMnDy + ' ' +
                     CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(H_RegenInHumRat, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", H_RegenInHumRat);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_RegenInHumRatBuffer3 =
                     "...Regeneration outlet air humidity ratio equation: regeneration inlet air humidity ratio passed to the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -4265,9 +4291,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (H_ProcInTemp < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInTemp ||
             H_ProcInTemp > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxProcAirInTemp) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_ProcInTempLast = H_ProcInTemp;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(H_ProcInTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxProcAirInTemp, 2);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.2R}", H_ProcInTemp);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.2R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInTemp);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.2R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxProcAirInTemp);
             if (H_ProcInTemp < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInTemp) {
                 H_ProcInTemp = BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInTemp;
             }
@@ -4287,7 +4313,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_ProcInTempBuffer2 = "...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " +
                                                                                            OutputCharHi + ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName +
                                                                                            ", " + CurMnDy + ' ' + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(H_ProcInTemp, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", H_ProcInTemp);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_ProcInTempBuffer3 =
                     "...Regeneration outlet air humidity ratio equation: process inlet air temperature passed to the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -4300,9 +4326,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (H_ProcInHumRat < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInHumRat ||
             H_ProcInHumRat > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxProcAirInHumRat) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_ProcInHumRatLast = H_ProcInHumRat;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(H_ProcInHumRat, 6);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInHumRat, 6);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxProcAirInHumRat, 6);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.6R}", H_ProcInHumRat);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInHumRat);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxProcAirInHumRat);
             if (H_ProcInHumRat < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInHumRat) {
                 H_ProcInHumRat = BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInHumRat;
             }
@@ -4322,7 +4348,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_ProcInHumRatBuffer2 = "...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " +
                                                                                              OutputCharHi + ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName +
                                                                                              ", " + CurMnDy + ", " + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(H_ProcInHumRat, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", H_ProcInHumRat);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_ProcInHumRatBuffer3 =
                     "...Regeneration outlet air humidity ratio equation: process inlet air humidity ratio passed to the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -4335,9 +4361,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (H_FaceVel < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinFaceVel ||
             H_FaceVel > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxFaceVel) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_FaceVelLast = H_FaceVel;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(H_FaceVel, 6);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinFaceVel, 6);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxFaceVel, 6);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.6R}", H_FaceVel);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinFaceVel);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxFaceVel);
             if (H_FaceVel < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinFaceVel) {
                 H_FaceVel = BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinFaceVel;
             }
@@ -4355,7 +4381,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_FaceVelBuffer2 = "...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " + OutputCharHi +
                                                                                         ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " + CurMnDy +
                                                                                         ", " + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(H_FaceVel, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", H_FaceVel);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_FaceVelBuffer3 =
                     "...Regeneration outlet air humidity ratio equation: process and regeneration face velocity passed to the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -4397,7 +4423,6 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
         using General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -4477,8 +4502,8 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         // checking model regeneration outlet temperature to always be less than or equal to regeneration inlet temperature
         if (RegenOutTemp > RegenInTemp) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenOutTempFailedLast = RegenOutTemp;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(RegenOutTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(RegenInTemp, 2);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.2R}", RegenOutTemp);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.2R}", RegenInTemp);
             //      IF(RegenOutTemp .GT. RegenInTemp)THEN
             //        RegenOutTemp = RegenInTemp
             //      END IF
@@ -4491,7 +4516,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenOutTempFailedBuffer2 = "...Regen inlet air temperature = " + OutputCharHi +
                                                                                                  ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " +
                                                                                                  CurMnDy + ", " + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(RegenOutTemp, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", RegenOutTemp);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenOutTempFailedBuffer3 =
                     "...Regen outlet air temperature equation: regeneration outlet air temperature allowed from the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -4506,9 +4531,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (RegenOutTemp < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MinRegenAirOutTemp ||
             RegenOutTemp > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MaxRegenAirOutTemp) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenOutTempLast = RegenOutTemp;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(RegenOutTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MinRegenAirOutTemp, 2);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MaxRegenAirOutTemp, 2);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.2R}", RegenOutTemp);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.2R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MinRegenAirOutTemp);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.2R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MaxRegenAirOutTemp);
             if (RegenOutTemp < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MinRegenAirOutTemp) {
                 RegenOutTemp = BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MinRegenAirOutTemp;
             }
@@ -4524,7 +4549,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenOutTempBuffer2 = "...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " +
                                                                                            OutputCharHi + ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName +
                                                                                            ", " + CurMnDy + ", " + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(RegenOutTemp, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", RegenOutTemp);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenOutTempBuffer3 =
                     "...Regen outlet air temperature equation: regeneration outlet air temperature allowed from the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -4566,7 +4591,6 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
         using General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS
@@ -4645,8 +4669,8 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         // checking for regeneration outlet humidity ratio less than or equal to regeneration inlet humidity ratio
         if (RegenOutHumRat < RegenInHumRat) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenOutHumRatFailedLast = RegenOutHumRat;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(RegenOutHumRat, 6);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(RegenInHumRat, 6);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.6R}", RegenOutHumRat);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.6R}", RegenInHumRat);
             //      IF(RegenOutHumRat .LT. RegenInHumRat)THEN
             //        RegenOutHumRat = RegenInHumRat
             //      END IF
@@ -4659,7 +4683,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenOutHumRatFailedBuffer2 =
                     "...Regen inlet air humidity ratio = " + OutputCharHi + ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName + ", " + CurMnDy + ", " +
                     CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(RegenOutHumRat, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", RegenOutHumRat);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenOutHumRatFailedBuffer3 =
                     "...Regen outlet air humidity ratio equation: regeneration outlet air humidity ratio allowed from the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -4674,9 +4698,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (RegenOutHumRat < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MinRegenAirOutHumRat ||
             RegenOutHumRat > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MaxRegenAirOutHumRat) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenOutHumRatLast = RegenOutHumRat;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(RegenOutHumRat, 6);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MinRegenAirOutHumRat, 6);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MaxRegenAirOutHumRat, 6);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.6R}", RegenOutHumRat);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MinRegenAirOutHumRat);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.6R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MaxRegenAirOutHumRat);
             if (RegenOutHumRat < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MinRegenAirOutHumRat) {
                 RegenOutHumRat = BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).MinRegenAirOutHumRat;
             }
@@ -4692,7 +4716,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenOutHumRatBuffer2 = "...Valid range = " + OutputCharLo + " to " +
                                                                                              OutputCharHi + ". Occurrence info = " + EnvironmentName +
                                                                                              ", " + CurMnDy + ", " + CreateSysTimeIntervalString(state);
-                CharValue = RoundSigDigits(RegenOutHumRat, 6);
+                CharValue = format("{:.6R}", RegenOutHumRat);
                 BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenOutHumRatBuffer3 =
                     "...Regen outlet air humidity ratio equation: regeneration outlet air humidity ratio allowed from the model = " + CharValue;
             } else {
@@ -4736,7 +4760,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
         using General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using Psychrometrics::PsyRhFnTdbWPb;
 
         // Locals
@@ -4851,9 +4875,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (RegenInletRH < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInRelHum ||
             RegenInletRH > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxRegenAirInRelHum) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenInRelHumTempLast = RegenInletRH * 100.0;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(RegenInletRH * 100.0, 1);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0, 1);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0, 1);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.1R}", RegenInletRH * 100.0);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.1R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.1R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0);
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).PrintRegenInRelHumTempMess = true;
 
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenInRelHumTempBuffer1 =
@@ -4872,9 +4896,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (ProcInletRH < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInRelHum ||
             ProcInletRH > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxProcAirInRelHum) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).ProcInRelHumTempLast = ProcInletRH * 100.0;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(ProcInletRH * 100.0, 1);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInRelHum * 100.0, 1);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxProcAirInRelHum * 100.0, 1);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.1R}", ProcInletRH * 100.0);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.1R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MinProcAirInRelHum * 100.0);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.1R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).T_MaxProcAirInRelHum * 100.0);
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).PrintProcInRelHumTempMess = true;
 
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).ProcInRelHumTempBuffer1 =
@@ -4923,7 +4947,7 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
         using General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using Psychrometrics::PsyRhFnTdbWPb;
 
         // Locals
@@ -5039,9 +5063,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (RegenInletRH < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInRelHum ||
             RegenInletRH > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxRegenAirInRelHum) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenInRelHumHumRatLast = RegenInletRH * 100.0;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(RegenInletRH * 100.0, 1);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0, 1);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0, 1);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.1R}", RegenInletRH * 100.0);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.1R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.1R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxRegenAirInRelHum * 100.0);
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).PrintRegenInRelHumHumRatMess = true;
 
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).RegenInRelHumHumRatBuffer1 =
@@ -5060,9 +5084,9 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         if (ProcInletRH < BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInRelHum ||
             ProcInletRH > BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxProcAirInRelHum) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).ProcInRelHumHumRatLast = ProcInletRH * 100.0;
-            OutputChar = RoundSigDigits(ProcInletRH * 100.0, 1);
-            OutputCharLo = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInRelHum * 100.0, 1);
-            OutputCharHi = RoundSigDigits(BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxProcAirInRelHum * 100.0, 1);
+            OutputChar = format("{:.1R}", ProcInletRH * 100.0);
+            OutputCharLo = format("{:.1R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MinProcAirInRelHum * 100.0);
+            OutputCharHi = format("{:.1R}", BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).H_MaxProcAirInRelHum * 100.0);
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).PrintProcInRelHumHumRatMess = true;
 
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).ProcInRelHumHumRatBuffer1 =
@@ -5104,7 +5128,6 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
         using General::CreateSysTimeIntervalString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS
@@ -5168,8 +5191,8 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         ABSImbalancedFlow = std::abs(RegenInMassFlow - ProcessInMassFlow) / RegenInMassFlow;
         if (ABSImbalancedFlow > 0.02) {
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).ABSImbalancedFlow = ABSImbalancedFlow;
-            OutputCharRegen = RoundSigDigits(RegenInMassFlow, 6);
-            OutputCharProc = RoundSigDigits(ProcessInMassFlow, 6);
+            OutputCharRegen = format("{:.6R}", RegenInMassFlow);
+            OutputCharProc = format("{:.6R}", ProcessInMassFlow);
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).PrintImbalancedMassFlowMess = true;
 
             BalDesDehumPerfData(ExchCond(ExchNum).PerfDataIndex).ImbalancedMassFlowBuffer1 =
@@ -5451,7 +5474,6 @@ namespace HeatRecovery {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatingCoils.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatingCoils.cc
index c4f038cc8d9..59c6d0ff55b 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HeatingCoils.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HeatingCoils.cc
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/CurveManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DXCoils.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataAirLoop.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataContaminantBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataGlobalConstants.hh>
@@ -207,7 +206,6 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
         // This subroutine manages HeatingCoil component simulation.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -238,13 +236,20 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
             } else {
                 CoilNum = CompIndex;
                 if (CoilNum > NumHeatingCoils || CoilNum < 1) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateHeatingCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) +
-                                   ", Number of Heating Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(NumHeatingCoils) + ", Coil name=" + CompName);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimulateHeatingCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Heating Coils={}, Coil name={}",
+                                          CoilNum,
+                                          NumHeatingCoils,
+                                          CompName));
                 }
                 if (CheckEquipName(CoilNum)) {
                     if (!CompName.empty() && CompName != HeatingCoil(CoilNum).Name) {
-                        ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateHeatingCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) +
-                                       ", Coil name=" + CompName + ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + HeatingCoil(CoilNum).Name);
+                        ShowFatalError(
+                            state,
+                            format("SimulateHeatingCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                                   CoilNum,
+                                   CompName,
+                                   HeatingCoil(CoilNum).Name));
                     }
                     CheckEquipName(CoilNum) = false;
                 }
@@ -1500,8 +1505,7 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataSizing;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
 
         // Locals
@@ -1617,9 +1621,8 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(NominalCapacityDes - NominalCapacityUser) / NominalCapacityUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeHeatingCoil: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + CompType + ", " + CompName);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(NominalCapacityUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(NominalCapacityDes, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NominalCapacityUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NominalCapacityDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1639,11 +1642,15 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
             // Ensure capacity at lower Stage must be lower or equal to the capacity at higher Stage.
             for (StageNum = 1; StageNum <= HeatingCoil(CoilNum).NumOfStages - 1; ++StageNum) {
                 if (HeatingCoil(CoilNum).MSNominalCapacity(StageNum) > HeatingCoil(CoilNum).MSNominalCapacity(StageNum + 1)) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "SizeHeatingCoil: " + HeatingCoil(CoilNum).HeatingCoilType + ' ' + HeatingCoil(CoilNum).Name + ", Stage " +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(StageNum) + " Nominal Capacity (" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(HeatingCoil(CoilNum).MSNominalCapacity(StageNum), 2) + " W) must be less than or equal to Stage " +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(StageNum + 1) + " Nominal Capacity (" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(HeatingCoil(CoilNum).MSNominalCapacity(StageNum + 1), 2) + " W).");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("SizeHeatingCoil: {} {}, Stage {} Nominal Capacity ({:.2R} W) must be less than or equal to Stage {} "
+                                           "Nominal Capacity ({:.2R} W).",
+                                           HeatingCoil(CoilNum).HeatingCoilType,
+                                           HeatingCoil(CoilNum).Name,
+                                           StageNum,
+                                           HeatingCoil(CoilNum).MSNominalCapacity(StageNum),
+                                           StageNum + 1,
+                                           HeatingCoil(CoilNum).MSNominalCapacity(StageNum + 1)));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -1884,8 +1891,7 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
         using DataHVACGlobals::ElecHeatingCoilPower;
         using DataHVACGlobals::MSHPMassFlowRateHigh;
         using DataHVACGlobals::MSHPMassFlowRateLow;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using Psychrometrics::PsyRhFnTdbWPb;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyTdbFnHW;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyTsatFnHPb;
@@ -2097,7 +2103,6 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
         using CurveManager::CurveValue;
         using DataHVACGlobals::TempControlTol;
         using FaultsManager::FaultsCoilSATSensor;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
 
@@ -2220,8 +2225,7 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
                         ++HeatingCoil(CoilNum).PLFErrorCount;
                         ShowWarningError(state, "CalcFuelHeatingCoil: " + cAllCoilTypes(HeatingCoil(CoilNum).HCoilType_Num) + "=\"" +
                                          HeatingCoil(CoilNum).Name + "\", PLF curve values");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The PLF curve value = " + TrimSigDigits(PLF, 5) +
-                                          " for part-load ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(PartLoadRat, 5));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The PLF curve value = {:.5T} for part-load ratio = {:.5T}", PLF, PartLoadRat));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "PLF curve values must be >= 0.7. PLF has been reset to 0.7 and the simulation continues...");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Heating:Fuel].");
                     } else {
@@ -2239,7 +2243,7 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
                         ++HeatingCoil(CoilNum).RTFErrorCount;
                         ShowWarningError(state, "CalcFuelHeatingCoil: " + cAllCoilTypes(HeatingCoil(CoilNum).HCoilType_Num) + "=\"" +
                                          HeatingCoil(CoilNum).Name + "\", runtime fraction");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The runtime fraction exceeded 1.0. [" + TrimSigDigits(HeatingCoil(CoilNum).RTF, 4) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The runtime fraction exceeded 1.0. [{:.4T}].", HeatingCoil(CoilNum).RTF));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Runtime fraction is set to 1.0 and the simulation continues...");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Heating:Fuel].");
                     } else {
@@ -2314,8 +2318,7 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
         using DataHVACGlobals::ElecHeatingCoilPower;
         using DataHVACGlobals::MSHPMassFlowRateHigh;
         using DataHVACGlobals::MSHPMassFlowRateLow;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using Psychrometrics::PsyRhFnTdbWPb;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyTdbFnHW;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyTsatFnHPb;
@@ -2516,8 +2519,7 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
                         ++HeatingCoil(CoilNum).PLFErrorCount;
                         ShowWarningError(state, "CalcFuelHeatingCoil: " + cAllCoilTypes(HeatingCoil(CoilNum).HCoilType_Num) + "=\"" +
                                          HeatingCoil(CoilNum).Name + "\", PLF curve values");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The PLF curve value = " + TrimSigDigits(PLF, 5) +
-                                          " for part-load ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(PartLoadRat, 5));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The PLF curve value = {:.5T} for part-load ratio = {:.5T}", PLF, PartLoadRat));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "PLF curve values must be >= 0.7. PLF has been reset to 0.7 and the simulation continues...");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Heating:Fuel].");
                     } else {
@@ -2535,7 +2537,7 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
                         ++HeatingCoil(CoilNum).RTFErrorCount;
                         ShowWarningError(state, "CalcFuelHeatingCoil: " + cAllCoilTypes(HeatingCoil(CoilNum).HCoilType_Num) + "=\"" +
                                          HeatingCoil(CoilNum).Name + "\", runtime fraction");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The runtime fraction exceeded 1.0. [" + TrimSigDigits(HeatingCoil(CoilNum).RTF, 4) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The runtime fraction exceeded 1.0. [{:.4T}].", HeatingCoil(CoilNum).RTF));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Runtime fraction is set to 1.0 and the simulation continues...");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check the IO reference manual for PLF curve guidance [Coil:Heating:Fuel].");
                     } else {
@@ -2967,7 +2969,6 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
         // the heating coil is scheduled to be on.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int CoilNum;
@@ -2995,12 +2996,18 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
         } else {
             CoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (CoilNum > NumHeatingCoils || CoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "CheckHeatingCoilSchedule: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of Heating Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(NumHeatingCoils) + ", Coil name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("CheckHeatingCoilSchedule: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Heating Coils={}, Coil name={}",
+                                      CoilNum,
+                                      NumHeatingCoils,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CompName != HeatingCoil(CoilNum).Name) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "CheckHeatingCoilSchedule: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) + ", Coil name=" + CompName +
-                                ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + HeatingCoil(CoilNum).Name);
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("CheckHeatingCoilSchedule: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                                       CoilNum,
+                                       CompName,
+                                       HeatingCoil(CoilNum).Name));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...expected type=\"" + CompType + "\", actual type=\"" + cAllCoilTypes(HeatingCoil(CoilNum).HCoilType_Num) +
                                   "\".");
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding conditions.");
@@ -3575,7 +3582,6 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
         // This function sets data to Heating Coil using the coil index and arguments passed
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         if (GetCoilsInputFlag) {
             GetHeatingCoilInput(state);
@@ -3583,8 +3589,8 @@ namespace HeatingCoils {
         }
 
         if (CoilNum <= 0 || CoilNum > NumHeatingCoils) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "SetHeatingCoilData: called with heating coil Number out of range=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) + " should be >0 and <" +
-                            TrimSigDigits(NumHeatingCoils));
+            ShowSevereError(
+                state, format("SetHeatingCoilData: called with heating coil Number out of range={} should be >0 and <{}", CoilNum, NumHeatingCoils));
             ErrorsFound = true;
             return;
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HighTempRadiantSystem.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HighTempRadiantSystem.cc
index 85135d35c96..e468c668b6f 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HighTempRadiantSystem.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HighTempRadiantSystem.cc
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalSurface.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataIPShortCuts.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSizing.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSurfaces.hh>
+#include <EnergyPlus/DataViewFactorInformation.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneEquipment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GeneralRoutines.hh>
@@ -201,7 +201,6 @@ namespace HighTempRadiantSystem {
         // Standard EnergyPlus manager subroutine layout
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         bool ErrorsFoundInGet; // Set to true when there are severe errors during the Get routine
@@ -225,13 +224,19 @@ namespace HighTempRadiantSystem {
         } else {
             RadSysNum = CompIndex;
             if (RadSysNum > NumOfHighTempRadSys || RadSysNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimHighTempRadiantSystem:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(RadSysNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumOfHighTempRadSys) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimHighTempRadiantSystem:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      RadSysNum,
+                                      NumOfHighTempRadSys,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(RadSysNum)) {
                 if (CompName != HighTempRadSys(RadSysNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimHighTempRadiantSystem: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(RadSysNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + HighTempRadSys(RadSysNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimHighTempRadiantSystem: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          RadSysNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          HighTempRadSys(RadSysNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(RadSysNum) = false;
             }
@@ -277,7 +282,7 @@ namespace HighTempRadiantSystem {
         using DataSizing::CapacityPerFloorArea;
         using DataSizing::FractionOfAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
         using DataSizing::HeatingDesignCapacity;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
 
@@ -370,8 +375,10 @@ namespace HighTempRadiantSystem {
                     HighTempRadSys(Item).ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum);
                     if (HighTempRadSys(Item).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0 && HighTempRadSys(Item).ScaledHeatingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + HighTempRadSys(Item).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -387,8 +394,10 @@ namespace HighTempRadiantSystem {
                     if (HighTempRadSys(Item).ScaledHeatingCapacity <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + HighTempRadSys(Item).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFieldNames(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (HighTempRadSys(Item).ScaledHeatingCapacity == AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + HighTempRadSys(Item).Name);
@@ -408,8 +417,10 @@ namespace HighTempRadiantSystem {
                     HighTempRadSys(Item).ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum);
                     if (HighTempRadSys(Item).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + HighTempRadSys(Item).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -601,12 +612,13 @@ namespace HighTempRadiantSystem {
                 FracOfRadPotentiallyLost = 1.0 - AllFracsSummed;
                 ShowSevereError(state, "Fraction of radiation distributed to surfaces and people sums up to less than 1 for " + cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "This would result in some of the radiant energy delivered by the high temp radiant heater being lost.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The sum of all radiation fractions to surfaces = " + TrimSigDigits(TotalFracToSurfs, 5));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The radiant fraction to people = " + TrimSigDigits(HighTempRadSys(Item).FracDistribPerson, 5));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "So, all radiant fractions including surfaces and people = " + TrimSigDigits(AllFracsSummed, 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The sum of all radiation fractions to surfaces = {:.5T}", TotalFracToSurfs));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The radiant fraction to people = {:.5T}", HighTempRadSys(Item).FracDistribPerson));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("So, all radiant fractions including surfaces and people = {:.5T}", AllFracsSummed));
                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                    "This means that the fraction of radiant energy that would be lost from the high temperature radiant heater would be = " +
-                    TrimSigDigits(FracOfRadPotentiallyLost, 5));
+                                  format("This means that the fraction of radiant energy that would be lost from the high temperature radiant heater "
+                                         "would be = {:.5T}",
+                                         FracOfRadPotentiallyLost));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Please check and correct this so that all radiant energy is accounted for in " + cCurrentModuleObject + " = " +
                                   cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -791,7 +803,6 @@ namespace HighTempRadiantSystem {
         using namespace DataSizing;
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HeatingCapacitySizing;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1324,7 +1335,6 @@ namespace HighTempRadiantSystem {
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::SumConvHTRadSys;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::SumLatentHTRadSys;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1374,16 +1384,16 @@ namespace HighTempRadiantSystem {
                     if (ThisSurfIntensity > MaxRadHeatFlux) { // CR 8074, trap for excessive intensity (throws off surface balance )
                         ShowSevereError(state, "DistributeHTRadGains:  excessive thermal radiation heat flux intensity detected");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Surface = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Surface area = " + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 3) + " [m2]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface area = {:.3R} [m2]", Surface(SurfNum).Area));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in ZoneHVAC:HighTemperatureRadiant = " + HighTempRadSys(RadSysNum).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Radiation intensity = " + RoundSigDigits(ThisSurfIntensity, 2) + " [W/m2]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Radiation intensity = {:.2R} [W/m2]", ThisSurfIntensity));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Assign a larger surface area or more surfaces in ZoneHVAC:HighTemperatureRadiant");
                         ShowFatalError(state, "DistributeHTRadGains:  excessive thermal radiation heat flux intensity detected");
                     }
                 } else { // small surface
                     ShowSevereError(state, "DistributeHTRadGains:  surface not large enough to receive thermal radiation heat flux");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Surface = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Surface area = " + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 3) + " [m2]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface area = {:.3R} [m2]", Surface(SurfNum).Area));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in ZoneHVAC:HighTemperatureRadiant = " + HighTempRadSys(RadSysNum).Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Assign a larger surface area or more surfaces in ZoneHVAC:HighTemperatureRadiant");
                     ShowFatalError(state, "DistributeHTRadGains:  surface not large enough to receive thermal radiation heat flux");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Humidifiers.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Humidifiers.cc
index 4b1fe1a997a..867eaeee0ff 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Humidifiers.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Humidifiers.cc
@@ -167,7 +167,6 @@ namespace Humidifiers {
         // Manage the simulation of an air humidifier
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int HumNum;            // index of humidifier unit being simulated
@@ -188,13 +187,17 @@ namespace Humidifiers {
         } else {
             HumNum = CompIndex;
             if (HumNum > NumHumidifiers || HumNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimHumidifier: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(HumNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumHumidifiers) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format("SimHumidifier: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}", HumNum, NumHumidifiers, CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(HumNum)) {
                 if (CompName != Humidifier(HumNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimHumidifier: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(HumNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + Humidifier(HumNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimHumidifier: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          HumNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          Humidifier(HumNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(HumNum) = false;
             }
@@ -222,7 +225,7 @@ namespace Humidifiers {
                 thisHum.CalcGasSteamHumidifier(state, WaterAddNeeded);
 
             } else {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "SimHumidifier: Invalid Humidifier Type Code=" + TrimSigDigits(thisHum.HumType_Code));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("SimHumidifier: Invalid Humidifier Type Code={}", thisHum.HumType_Code));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Component Name=[" + CompName + "].");
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding Condition causes termination.");
             }
@@ -732,7 +735,7 @@ namespace Humidifiers {
         using FluidProperties::FindRefrigerant;
         using FluidProperties::GetSatEnthalpyRefrig;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using Psychrometrics::PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW;
         using Psychrometrics::RhoH2O;
 
@@ -876,9 +879,8 @@ namespace Humidifiers {
                             if ((std::abs(NomCapVolDes - NomCapVolUser) / NomCapVolUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeHumidifier: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + HumidifierType(HumType_Code) + " = \"" +
                                             Name + "\".");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity Volume of " + RoundSigDigits(NomCapVolUser, 2) + " [Wm3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity Volume of " + RoundSigDigits(NomCapVolDes, 2) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity Volume of {:.2R} [Wm3/s]", NomCapVolUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity Volume of {:.2R} [m3/s]", NomCapVolDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -909,11 +911,13 @@ namespace Humidifiers {
                     } else {
                         ShowMessage(state, CalledFrom + ": capacity and thermal efficiency mismatch for " + HumidifierType(HumType_Code) + " =\"" + Name +
                                     "\".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Gas Use Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(NomPower, 2) + " [W]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified or Autosized Rated Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(NomCapVol, 2) + " [m3/s]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Rated Gas Use Rate at the Rated Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(NomCapVol, 2) + " [m3/s]" +
-                                          " must be greater than the ideal, i.e., 100% thermal efficiency gas use rate of " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(NomPowerDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Rated Gas Use Rate of {:.2R} [W]", NomPower));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified or Autosized Rated Capacity of {:.2R} [m3/s]", NomCapVol));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Rated Gas Use Rate at the Rated Capacity of {:.2R} [m3/s] must be greater than the ideal, i.e., "
+                                                 "100% thermal efficiency gas use rate of {:.2R} [W]",
+                                                 NomCapVol,
+                                                 NomPowerDes));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Resize the Rated Gas Use Rate by dividing the ideal gas use rate with expected thermal efficiency. ");
                         // Changing this from a hard-stop condition to just a limiting condition of eta=1.0
                         // ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -946,8 +950,8 @@ namespace Humidifiers {
                         if ((std::abs(NomPowerDes - NomPowerUser) / NomPowerUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeHumidifier: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + HumidifierType(HumType_Code) + " =\"" + Name +
                                         "\".");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Power of " + RoundSigDigits(NomPowerUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Power of " + RoundSigDigits(NomPowerDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Rated Power of {:.2R} [W]", NomPowerUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Rated Power of {:.2R} [W]", NomPowerDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -955,8 +959,8 @@ namespace Humidifiers {
                     if (NomPower < NominalPower) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, HumidifierType(HumType_Code) + ": specified Rated Power is less than nominal Rated Power for " +
                                          ModuleObjectType + " steam humidifier = " + Name + ". ");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " specified Rated Power = " + RoundSigDigits(NomPower, 2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " while expecting a minimum Rated Power = " + RoundSigDigits(NominalPower, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format(" specified Rated Power = {:.2R}", NomPower));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format(" while expecting a minimum Rated Power = {:.2R}", NominalPower));
                     }
                 } else {
                     ShowWarningError(state, HumidifierType(HumType_Code) + ": specified nominal capacity is zero for " + ModuleObjectType +
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HybridEvapCoolingModel.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HybridEvapCoolingModel.cc
index 3ac49f710c2..3c99900baf3 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HybridEvapCoolingModel.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HybridEvapCoolingModel.cc
@@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@ namespace HybridEvapCoolingModel {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
         // The CStepInputs are defined in the CStepInputs class definition.
@@ -1633,22 +1633,35 @@ namespace HybridEvapCoolingModel {
         // day, so report", but that doesn't seem to exist.
         if ((TimeElapsed > 24) && WarnOnceFlag && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
             if (count_EnvironmentConditionsNotMet > 0)
-                ShowWarningError(state, "In day " + RoundSigDigits((Real64)state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim, 1) + " of simulation, " + Name.c_str() + " was unable to operate for " +
-                                 RoundSigDigits((Real64)count_EnvironmentConditionsNotMet, 1) +
-                                 " timesteps because environment conditions were beyond the allowable operating range for any mode.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("In day {:.1R} was unable to operate for  of simulation, {}{:.1R} timesteps because environment conditions "
+                                        "were beyond the allowable operating range for any mode.",
+                                        (Real64)state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim,
+                                        Name,
+                                        (Real64)count_EnvironmentConditionsNotMet));
             if (count_SAHR_OC_MetOnce > 0)
-                ShowWarningError(state, "In day " + RoundSigDigits((Real64)state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim, 1) + " of simulation, " + Name.c_str() +
-                                 " failed to meet supply air humidity ratio for " + RoundSigDigits(Real64(count_SAHR_OC_MetOnce), 1) +
-                                 " time steps. For these time steps For these time steps" + Name.c_str() + " was set to mode 0");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("In day {:.1R} of simulation, {} failed to meet supply air humidity ratio for {:.1R} time steps. For these "
+                                        "time steps For these time steps was set to mode 0{}",
+                                        (Real64)state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim,
+                                        Name,
+                                        Real64(count_SAHR_OC_MetOnce),
+                                        Name));
             if (count_SAT_OC_MetOnce > 0)
-                ShowWarningError(state, "In day " + RoundSigDigits((Real64)state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim, 1) + " of simulation, " + Name.c_str() +
-                                 " failed to meet supply air temperature constraints for " + RoundSigDigits(Real64(count_SAT_OC_MetOnce), 1) +
-                                 " time steps. For these time steps For these time steps" + Name.c_str() + " was set to mode 0");
-
-            ShowWarningError(state, "In day " + RoundSigDigits((Real64)state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim, 1) + " of simulation, " + Name.c_str() +
-                             " failed to  satisfy sensible load for " + RoundSigDigits((Real64)count_DidWeNotMeetLoad, 1) +
-                             " time steps. For these time steps settings were selected to provide as much sensible cooling or heating as possible, "
-                             "given other constraints.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("In day {:.1R} of simulation, {} failed to meet supply air temperature constraints for {:.1R} time steps. "
+                                        "For these time steps For these time steps{} was set to mode 0",
+                                        (Real64)state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim,
+                                        Name,
+                                        Real64(count_SAT_OC_MetOnce),
+                                        Name));
+
+            ShowWarningError(state,
+                             format("In day {:.1R} of simulation, {} failed to  satisfy sensible load for {:.1R} time steps. For these time steps "
+                                    "settings were selected to provide as much sensible cooling or heating as possible, given other constraints.",
+                                    (Real64)state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim,
+                                    Name,
+                                    (Real64)count_DidWeNotMeetLoad));
 
             count_SAT_OC_MetOnce = 0;
             count_DidWeNotMeetLoad = 0;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/HybridUnitaryAirConditioners.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/HybridUnitaryAirConditioners.cc
index f799b5e50e8..3ac50eb9bb7 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/HybridUnitaryAirConditioners.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/HybridUnitaryAirConditioners.cc
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ namespace HybridUnitaryAirConditioners {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int CompNum;
         bool errorsfound = false;
@@ -138,13 +138,20 @@ namespace HybridUnitaryAirConditioners {
         } else {
             CompNum = CompIndex;
             if (CompNum < 1 || CompNum > NumZoneHybridEvap) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                               ", Number of units =" + TrimSigDigits(NumZoneHybridEvap) + ", Entered Unit name = " + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of units ={}, Entered Unit name = {}",
+                                      CompNum,
+                                      NumZoneHybridEvap,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckZoneHybridEvapName(CompNum)) {
                 if (CompName != ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(CompNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                                   ", Unit name=" + CompName + ", stored unit name for that index=" + ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(CompNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SimZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored unit name for that index={}",
+                               CompNum,
+                               CompName,
+                               ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(CompNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckZoneHybridEvapName(CompNum) = false;
             }
@@ -152,22 +159,34 @@ namespace HybridUnitaryAirConditioners {
         try {
             InitZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners(state, CompNum, ZoneNum);
         } catch (int e) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "An exception occurred in InitZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners" + TrimSigDigits(CompNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                           ", stored unit name for that index=" + ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(CompNum).Name + ". Please check idf.");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("An exception occurred in InitZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners{}, Unit name={}, stored unit name for that "
+                                  "index={}. Please check idf.",
+                                  CompNum,
+                                  CompName,
+                                  ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(CompNum).Name));
             return;
         }
         try {
             CalcZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners(state, CompNum, ZoneNum, SensibleOutputProvided, LatentOutputProvided);
         } catch (int e) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "An exception occurred in CalcZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners" + TrimSigDigits(CompNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                           ", stored unit name for that index=" + ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(CompNum).Name + ". Please check idf.");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("An exception occurred in CalcZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners{}, Unit name={}, stored unit name for that "
+                                  "index={}. Please check idf.",
+                                  CompNum,
+                                  CompName,
+                                  ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(CompNum).Name));
             return;
         }
         try {
             ReportZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners(CompNum);
         } catch (int e) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "An exception occurred in ReportZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners" + TrimSigDigits(CompNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                           ", stored unit name for that index=" + ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(CompNum).Name + ". Please check idf.");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("An exception occurred in ReportZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioners{}, Unit name={}, stored unit name for that "
+                                  "index={}. Please check idf.",
+                                  CompNum,
+                                  CompName,
+                                  ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(CompNum).Name));
             return;
         }
     }
@@ -1177,31 +1196,36 @@ namespace HybridUnitaryAirConditioners {
             int index = 0;
 
             for (auto &thisSetting : ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(UnitLoop).CurrentOperatingSettings) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone Hybrid Unitary HVAC Runtime Fraction in Setting " + std::to_string(index),
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Zone Hybrid Unitary HVAC Runtime Fraction in Setting {}", index),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     thisSetting.Runtime_Fraction,
                                     "Zone",
                                     "Average",
                                     ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(UnitLoop).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone Hybrid Unitary HVAC Mode in Setting " + std::to_string(index),
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Zone Hybrid Unitary HVAC Mode in Setting {}", index),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     thisSetting.Mode,
                                     "Zone",
                                     "Average",
                                     ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(UnitLoop).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone Hybrid Unitary HVAC Outdoor Air Fraction in Setting " + std::to_string(index),
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Zone Hybrid Unitary HVAC Outdoor Air Fraction in Setting {}", index),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::kg_s,
                                     thisSetting.Outdoor_Air_Fraction,
                                     "Zone",
                                     "Average",
                                     ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(UnitLoop).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone Hybrid Unitary HVAC Supply Air Mass Flow Rate in Setting " + std::to_string(index),
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Zone Hybrid Unitary HVAC Supply Air Mass Flow Rate in Setting {}", index),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::kg_s,
                                     thisSetting.Unscaled_Supply_Air_Mass_Flow_Rate,
                                     "Zone",
                                     "Average",
                                     ZoneHybridUnitaryAirConditioner(UnitLoop).Name);
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Zone Hybrid Unitary HVAC Supply Air Mass Flow Rate Ratio in Setting " + std::to_string(index),
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Zone Hybrid Unitary HVAC Supply Air Mass Flow Rate Ratio in Setting {}", index),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     thisSetting.Supply_Air_Mass_Flow_Rate_Ratio,
                                     "Zone",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ICEngineElectricGenerator.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ICEngineElectricGenerator.cc
index efdae6ef6fd..8fa66ef76f6 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ICEngineElectricGenerator.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ICEngineElectricGenerator.cc
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ namespace ICEngineElectricGenerator {
 
             ICEngineGenerator(genNum).RatedPowerOutput = NumArray(1);
             if (NumArray(1) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(1), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), NumArray(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -232,9 +232,9 @@ namespace ICEngineElectricGenerator {
                 Real64 xValue = CurveManager::CurveValue(state, ICEngineGenerator(genNum).ExhaustTempCurve, 1.0);
                 if (xValue < ReferenceTemp) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "GetICEngineGeneratorInput: " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(7) + " output has very low value.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...curve generates [" + General::RoundSigDigits(xValue, 3) + " C] at PLR=1.0");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...this is less than the Reference Temperature [" + General::RoundSigDigits(ReferenceTemp, 2) +
-                                      " C] and may cause errors.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...curve generates [{:.3R} C] at PLR=1.0", xValue));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...this is less than the Reference Temperature [{:.2R} C] and may cause errors.", ReferenceTemp));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -580,8 +580,7 @@ namespace ICEngineElectricGenerator {
                 if (this->ErrExhaustTempIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcICEngineGeneratorModel: " + this->TypeOf + "=\"" + this->Name +
                                        "\" low Exhaust Temperature from Curve Value");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...curve generated temperature=[" + General::RoundSigDigits(exhaustTemp, 3) + " C], PLR=[" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(PLR, 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...curve generated temperature=[{:.3R} C], PLR=[{:.3R}].", exhaustTemp, PLR));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...simulation will continue with exhaust heat reclaim set to 0.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcICEngineGeneratorModel: " + this->TypeOf + "=\"" + this->Name +
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/IOFiles.hh b/src/EnergyPlus/IOFiles.hh
index c757ed30fd6..6245d8c4dad 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/IOFiles.hh
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/IOFiles.hh
@@ -466,9 +466,9 @@ template <class InputIterator> void print(InputIterator first, InputIterator las
     std::copy(first, last, std::ostream_iterator<typename std::iterator_traits<InputIterator>::value_type>(*outputStream));
 }
 
-template <typename... Args> std::string format(fmt::string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+template <typename... Args> std::string format(::fmt::string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
 {
-    return EnergyPlus::vprint(format_str, fmt::make_format_args(args...), sizeof...(Args));
+    return EnergyPlus::vprint(format_str, ::fmt::make_format_args(args...), sizeof...(Args));
 }
 
 } // namespace EnergyPlus
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/IceThermalStorage.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/IceThermalStorage.cc
index 15cdecb9f33..05acdb5aa6a 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/IceThermalStorage.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/IceThermalStorage.cc
@@ -770,8 +770,7 @@ namespace IceThermalStorage {
             SimpleIceStorage(iceNum).ITSNomCap = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) * 1.e+09;
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) == 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -870,8 +869,7 @@ namespace IceThermalStorage {
             DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).NomCapacity = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) * (1.e+09) / (DataGlobalConstants::SecInHour());
 
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -986,8 +984,7 @@ namespace IceThermalStorage {
 
             DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).CurveFitTimeStep = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
             if ((DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).CurveFitTimeStep <= 0.0) || (DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).CurveFitTimeStep > 1.0)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 3));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Curve fit time step invalid, less than zero or greater than 1 for " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -1014,32 +1011,29 @@ namespace IceThermalStorage {
             DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).FreezingTemp = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6);
 
             if ((DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).DischargeParaElecLoad < 0.0) || (DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).DischargeParaElecLoad > 1.0)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3), 3));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value is either less than/equal to zero or greater than 1");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             if ((DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).ChargeParaElecLoad < 0.0) || (DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).ChargeParaElecLoad > 1.0)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(4), 3));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(4)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value is either less than/equal to zero or greater than 1");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             if ((DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).TankLossCoeff < 0.0) || (DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).TankLossCoeff > 0.1)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(5) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(5), 3));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(5), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(5)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value is either less than/equal to zero or greater than 0.1 (10%)");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             if ((DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).FreezingTemp < -10.0) || (DetailedIceStorage(iceNum).FreezingTemp > 10.0)) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "Potentially invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6) + '=' +
-                                 General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6), 3));
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("Potentially invalid {}={:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value is either less than -10.0C or greater than 10.0C");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "This value will be allowed but the user should verify that this temperature is correct");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/IdfParser.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/IdfParser.cc
index cd0807faa71..70d81b7edfe 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/IdfParser.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/IdfParser.cc
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 // POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/IdfParser.hh>
+#include <fmt/format.h>
 #include <milo/dtoa.h>
 #include <milo/itoa.h>
 
@@ -212,8 +213,7 @@ json IdfParser::parse_idf(std::string const &idf, size_t &index, bool &success,
             next_token(idf, index);
             continue;
         } else if (token == Token::COMMA) {
-            errors_.emplace_back("Line: " + std::to_string(cur_line_num) + " Index: " + std::to_string(index_into_cur_line) +
-                                 " - Extraneous comma found.");
+            errors_.emplace_back(fmt::format("Line: {} Index: {} - Extraneous comma found.", cur_line_num, index_into_cur_line));
             success = false;
             return root;
         } else if (token == Token::EXCLAMATION) {
@@ -223,18 +223,18 @@ json IdfParser::parse_idf(std::string const &idf, size_t &index, bool &success,
             auto const parsed_obj_name = parse_string(idf, index, success);
             auto const obj_name = normalizeObjectType(parsed_obj_name);
             if (obj_name.empty()) {
-                errors_.emplace_back("Line: " + std::to_string(cur_line_num) + " Index: " + std::to_string(index_into_cur_line) + " - \"" +
-                                     parsed_obj_name + "\" is not a valid Object Type.");
+                errors_.emplace_back(fmt::format("Line: {} Index: {} - \"", cur_line_num, index_into_cur_line) + parsed_obj_name +
+                                     "\" is not a valid Object Type.");
                 while (token != Token::SEMICOLON && token != Token::END)
                     token = next_token(idf, index);
                 continue;
             } else if (obj_name.find("Parametric:") != std::string::npos) {
-                errors_.emplace_back("Line: " + std::to_string(cur_line_num) + " You must run Parametric Preprocessor for \"" + obj_name + "\"");
+                errors_.emplace_back(fmt::format("Line: {} You must run Parametric Preprocessor for \"{}\"", cur_line_num, obj_name));
                 while (token != Token::SEMICOLON && token != Token::END)
                     token = next_token(idf, index);
                 continue;
             } else if (obj_name.find("Template") != std::string::npos) {
-                errors_.emplace_back("Line: " + std::to_string(cur_line_num) + " You must run the ExpandObjects program for \"" + obj_name + "\"");
+                errors_.emplace_back(fmt::format("Line: {} You must run the ExpandObjects program for \"{}\"", cur_line_num, obj_name));
                 while (token != Token::SEMICOLON && token != Token::END)
                     token = next_token(idf, index);
                 continue;
@@ -250,8 +250,8 @@ json IdfParser::parse_idf(std::string const &idf, size_t &index, bool &success,
                 if (found_index != std::string::npos) {
                     line = idf.substr(beginning_of_line_index, found_index - beginning_of_line_index);
                 }
-                errors_.emplace_back("Line: " + std::to_string(cur_line_num) + " Index: " + std::to_string(index_into_cur_line) +
-                                     " - Error parsing \"" + obj_name + "\". Error in following line.");
+                errors_.emplace_back(fmt::format("Line: {} Index: {}", cur_line_num, index_into_cur_line) + " - Error parsing \"" + obj_name +
+                                     "\". Error in following line.");
                 errors_.emplace_back("~~~ " + line);
                 success = false;
                 continue;
@@ -383,8 +383,10 @@ json IdfParser::parse_object(
             eat_comment(idf, index);
         } else if (legacy_idd_index >= legacy_idd_fields_array.size()) {
             if (legacy_idd_extensibles_iter == legacy_idd.end()) {
-                errors_.emplace_back("Line: " + std::to_string(cur_line_num) + " Index: " + std::to_string(index_into_cur_line) +
-                                     " - Object contains more field values than maximum number of IDD fields and is not extensible.");
+                errors_.emplace_back(
+                    fmt::format("Line: {} Index: {} - Object contains more field values than maximum number of IDD fields and is not extensible.",
+                                cur_line_num,
+                                index_into_cur_line));
                 success = false;
                 return root;
             }
@@ -524,7 +526,8 @@ json IdfParser::parse_value(std::string const &idf, size_t &index, bool &success
             auto const &anyOf_it = field_loc.find("anyOf");
 
             if (anyOf_it == field_loc.end()) {
-                errors_.emplace_back("Line: " + std::to_string(cur_line_num) + " Index: " + std::to_string(index_into_cur_line) + " - Field cannot be Autosize or Autocalculate");
+                errors_.emplace_back(
+                    fmt::format("Line: {} Index: {} - Field cannot be Autosize or Autocalculate", cur_line_num, index_into_cur_line));
                 return parsed_string;
             }
             // The following is hacky because it abuses knowing the consistent generated structure
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/IntegratedHeatPump.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/IntegratedHeatPump.cc
index 558b65d2ae5..279d7c14e8a 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/IntegratedHeatPump.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/IntegratedHeatPump.cc
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHVACGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Plant/DataPlant.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSizing.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GeneralRoutines.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GlobalNames.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
@@ -73,7 +72,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
 
     // Using/Aliasing
     using namespace DataLoopNode;
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
     // MODULE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS
     static std::string const BlankString;
@@ -117,7 +115,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         // This subroutine manages variable-speed integrated Air source heat pump simulation.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
         using VariableSpeedCoils::InitVarSpeedCoil;
         using VariableSpeedCoils::SimVariableSpeedCoils;
         using VariableSpeedCoils::UpdateVarSpeedCoil;
@@ -143,12 +140,18 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         } else {
             DXCoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (DXCoilNum > static_cast<int>(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of Integrated HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) + ", IHP name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Integrated HPs={}, IHP name={}",
+                                      DXCoilNum,
+                                      IntegratedHeatPumps.size(),
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (!CompName.empty() && CompName != IntegratedHeatPumps(DXCoilNum).Name) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) + ", Integrated HP name=" + CompName +
-                               ", stored Integrated HP Name for that index=" + IntegratedHeatPumps(DXCoilNum).Name);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Integrated HP name={}, stored Integrated HP Name for that index={}",
+                                      DXCoilNum,
+                                      CompName,
+                                      IntegratedHeatPumps(DXCoilNum).Name));
             }
         };
 
@@ -1100,7 +1103,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         using BranchNodeConnections::SetUpCompSets;
         using BranchNodeConnections::TestCompSet;
         using GlobalNames::VerifyUniqueCoilName;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
         using VariableSpeedCoils::GetCoilIndexVariableSpeed;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1922,7 +1924,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
     void SizeIHP(EnergyPlusData &state, int const DXCoilNum)
     {
         using DataSizing::AutoSize;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
         using VariableSpeedCoils::SetVarSpeedCoilData;
         using VariableSpeedCoils::SimVariableSpeedCoils;
         using VariableSpeedCoils::SizeVarSpeedCoil;
@@ -1937,8 +1938,9 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         };
 
         if (DXCoilNum > static_cast<int>(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "SizeIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                           ", Number of Integrated HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) + ", IHP name=" + "AS-IHP");
+            ShowFatalError(
+                state,
+                format("SizeIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Integrated HPs={}, IHP name=AS-IHP", DXCoilNum, IntegratedHeatPumps.size()));
         }
 
         if (IntegratedHeatPumps(DXCoilNum).IHPCoilsSized) {
@@ -2041,8 +2043,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
 
     void InitializeIHP(EnergyPlusData &state, int const DXCoilNum)
     {
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         // Obtains and Allocates AS-IHP related parameters from input file
         if (GetCoilsInputFlag) { // First time subroutine has been entered
             GetIHPInput(state);
@@ -2050,8 +2050,10 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         }
 
         if (DXCoilNum > static_cast<int>(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "InitializeIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                           ", Number of Integrated HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) + ", IHP name=" + "AS-IHP");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("InitializeIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Integrated HPs={}, IHP name=AS-IHP",
+                                  DXCoilNum,
+                                  IntegratedHeatPumps.size()));
         }
 
         IntegratedHeatPumps(DXCoilNum).AirLoopFlowRate = 0.0;             // air loop mass flow rate [kg/s]
@@ -2074,7 +2076,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
     void UpdateIHP(EnergyPlusData &state, int const DXCoilNum)
     {
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         int VSCoilIndex(0);
         Real64 ReportingConstant(0.0);
@@ -2087,8 +2088,10 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         }
 
         if (DXCoilNum > static_cast<int>(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                           ", Number of Integrated HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) + ", IHP name=" + "AS-IHP");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("UpdateIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Integrated HPs={}, IHP name=AS-IHP",
+                                  DXCoilNum,
+                                  IntegratedHeatPumps.size()));
         }
 
         switch (IntegratedHeatPumps(DXCoilNum).CurMode) {
@@ -2197,7 +2200,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         using DataEnvironment::OutDryBulbTemp;
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallLoad;
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
         using WaterThermalTanks::GetWaterThermalTankInput;
 
         Real64 MyLoad(0.0);
@@ -2211,8 +2213,10 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         }
 
         if (DXCoilNum > static_cast<int>(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "DecideWorkMode: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                           ", Number of Integrated HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) + ", IHP name=" + "AS-IHP");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("DecideWorkMode: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Integrated HPs={}, IHP name=AS-IHP",
+                                  DXCoilNum,
+                                  IntegratedHeatPumps.size()));
         }
 
         if (IntegratedHeatPumps(DXCoilNum).IHPCoilsSized == false) SizeIHP(state, DXCoilNum);
@@ -2329,7 +2333,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
 
     void ClearCoils(EnergyPlusData &state, int const DXCoilNum)
     {
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
         using VariableSpeedCoils::SimVariableSpeedCoils;
 
         Real64 EMP1(0.0), EMP2(0.0), EMP3(0.0); // place holder to calling clear up function
@@ -2343,8 +2346,10 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         }
 
         if (DXCoilNum > static_cast<int>(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "ClearCoils: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                           ", Number of Integrated HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) + ", IHP name=" + "AS-IHP");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("ClearCoils: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Integrated HPs={}, IHP name=AS-IHP",
+                                  DXCoilNum,
+                                  IntegratedHeatPumps.size()));
         }
 
         // clear up
@@ -2370,8 +2375,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
 
     IHPOperationMode GetCurWorkMode(EnergyPlusData &state, int const DXCoilNum)
     {
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         // Obtains and Allocates WatertoAirHP related parameters from input file
         if (GetCoilsInputFlag) { // First time subroutine has been entered
             GetIHPInput(state);
@@ -2380,8 +2383,10 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         }
 
         if (DXCoilNum > static_cast<int>(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "GetCurWorkMode: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                           ", Number of Integrated HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) + ", IHP name=" + "AS-IHP");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("GetCurWorkMode: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Integrated HPs={}, IHP name=AS-IHP",
+                                  DXCoilNum,
+                                  IntegratedHeatPumps.size()));
         }
 
         if (IntegratedHeatPumps(DXCoilNum).IHPCoilsSized == false) SizeIHP(state, DXCoilNum);
@@ -2678,8 +2683,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
 
     int GetLowSpeedNumIHP(EnergyPlusData &state, int const DXCoilNum)
     {
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         int SpeedNum(0);
 
         // Obtains and Allocates WatertoAirHP related parameters from input file
@@ -2690,8 +2693,10 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         }
 
         if (DXCoilNum > static_cast<int>(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "GetLowSpeedNumIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                           ", Number of Integrated HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) + ", IHP name=" + "AS-IHP");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("GetLowSpeedNumIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Integrated HPs={}, IHP name=AS-IHP",
+                                  DXCoilNum,
+                                  IntegratedHeatPumps.size()));
         }
 
         switch (IntegratedHeatPumps(DXCoilNum).CurMode) {
@@ -2728,8 +2733,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
 
     int GetMaxSpeedNumIHP(EnergyPlusData &state, int const DXCoilNum)
     {
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         // Obtains and Allocates WatertoAirHP related parameters from input file
         if (GetCoilsInputFlag) { // First time subroutine has been entered
             GetIHPInput(state);
@@ -2738,8 +2741,10 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         }
 
         if (DXCoilNum > static_cast<int>(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "GetMaxSpeedNumIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                           ", Number of Integrated HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) + ", IHP name=" + "AS-IHP");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("GetMaxSpeedNumIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Integrated HPs={}, IHP name=AS-IHP",
+                                  DXCoilNum,
+                                  IntegratedHeatPumps.size()));
         }
 
         int SpeedNum(0);
@@ -2782,8 +2787,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
                                 bool const IsCallbyWH // whether the call from the water heating loop or air loop, true = from water heating loop
     )
     {
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         int IHPCoilIndex(0);
         Real64 AirVolFlowRate(0.0);
         Real64 FlowScale(1.0);
@@ -2796,8 +2799,10 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         }
 
         if (DXCoilNum > static_cast<int>(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "GetAirVolFlowRateIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                           ", Number of Integrated HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) + ", IHP name=" + "AS-IHP");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("GetAirVolFlowRateIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Integrated HPs={}, IHP name=AS-IHP",
+                                  DXCoilNum,
+                                  IntegratedHeatPumps.size()));
         }
 
         if (!IntegratedHeatPumps(DXCoilNum).IHPCoilsSized) SizeIHP(state, DXCoilNum);
@@ -2890,8 +2895,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         [[maybe_unused]] bool const IsCallbyWH // whether the call from the water heating loop or air loop, true = from water heating loop
     )
     {
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         int IHPCoilIndex(0);
         Real64 WaterVolFlowRate(0.0);
 
@@ -2902,8 +2905,10 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         }
 
         if (DXCoilNum > static_cast<int>(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "GetWaterVolFlowRateIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                           ", Number of Integrated HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) + ", IHP name=" + "AS-IHP");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("GetWaterVolFlowRateIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Integrated HPs={}, IHP name=AS-IHP",
+                                  DXCoilNum,
+                                  IntegratedHeatPumps.size()));
         }
 
         if (!IntegratedHeatPumps(DXCoilNum).IHPCoilsSized) SizeIHP(state, DXCoilNum);
@@ -2966,8 +2971,6 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
                                  bool const IsCallbyWH // whether the call from the water heating loop or air loop, true = from water heating loop
     )
     {
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         int IHPCoilIndex(0);
         Real64 AirMassFlowRate(0.0);
         Real64 FlowScale(1.0);
@@ -2981,8 +2984,10 @@ namespace IntegratedHeatPump {
         }
 
         if (DXCoilNum > static_cast<int>(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "GetAirMassFlowRateIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                           ", Number of Integrated HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(IntegratedHeatPumps.size()) + ", IHP name=" + "AS-IHP");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("GetAirMassFlowRateIHP: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Integrated HPs={}, IHP name=AS-IHP",
+                                  DXCoilNum,
+                                  IntegratedHeatPumps.size()));
         }
 
         if (!IntegratedHeatPumps(DXCoilNum).IHPCoilsSized) SizeIHP(state, DXCoilNum);
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/InternalHeatGains.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/InternalHeatGains.cc
index d0e513cc477..070c5f08660 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/InternalHeatGains.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/InternalHeatGains.cc
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using namespace ScheduleManager;
         using General::CheckCreatedZoneItemName;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
         using namespace DataLoopNode;
         using CurveManager::GetCurveIndex;
@@ -504,8 +504,8 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                 if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                                     ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                                      "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -513,8 +513,8 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                 if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                                     ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                                      "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -540,8 +540,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                          cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Zone Floor Area = 0.  0 People will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + People(Loop).Name + "\", invalid " +
-                                                    cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(2), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           People(Loop).Name,
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                                           IHGNumbers(2)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -559,8 +564,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                          cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Zone Floor Area = 0.  0 People will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + People(Loop).Name + "\", invalid " +
-                                                    cNumericFieldNames(3) + ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(3), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           People(Loop).Name,
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                                           IHGNumbers(3)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -591,8 +601,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                     People(Loop).FractionConvected = 1.0 - People(Loop).FractionRadiant;
                     if (Item1 == 1) {
                         if (People(Loop).FractionConvected < 0.0) {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(4) +
-                                            " < 0.0, value =" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(4), 2));
+                            ShowSevereError(state,
+                                            format("{}{}=\"{}\", {} < 0.0, value ={:.2R}",
+                                                   RoutineName,
+                                                   CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                   AlphaName(1),
+                                                   cNumericFieldNames(4),
+                                                   IHGNumbers(4)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -609,8 +624,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                         People(Loop).CO2RateFactor = 3.82e-8; // m3/s-W
                     }
                     if (People(Loop).CO2RateFactor < 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(6) +
-                                        " < 0.0, value =" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(6), 2));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}{}=\"{}\", {} < 0.0, value ={:.2R}",
+                                               RoutineName,
+                                               CurrentModuleObject,
+                                               AlphaName(1),
+                                               cNumericFieldNames(6),
+                                               IHGNumbers(6)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
 
@@ -634,8 +654,8 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                 if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                                     " minimum is < 0.0");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(5) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                                      "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(5), SchMin));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -643,8 +663,8 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                 if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                                     " maximum is < 0.0");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(5) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                                      "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(5), SchMax));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -653,8 +673,7 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(5) + " values");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "fall outside typical range [70,1000] W/person for Thermal Comfort Reporting.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Odd comfort values may result; Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(5) + "\".");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered min/max range=[" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) + ',' + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                                  "] W/person.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entered min/max range=[{:.1R},] W/person.{:.1R}", SchMin, SchMax));
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -808,8 +827,9 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                             if (Item1 == 1) {
                                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " +
                                                                 cAlphaFieldNames(9) + ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(9) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                                                  "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                                ShowContinueError(
+                                                    state,
+                                                    format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(9), SchMin));
                                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                                             }
                                         }
@@ -817,8 +837,9 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                             if (Item1 == 1) {
                                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " +
                                                                 cAlphaFieldNames(9) + ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(9) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                                                  "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                                ShowContinueError(
+                                                    state,
+                                                    format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(9), SchMax));
                                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                                             }
                                         }
@@ -827,8 +848,11 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                         if (Item1 == 1) {
                                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(9) +
                                                              ", maximum is > 1.0");
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(9) + "\"; Entered min/max range=[" +
-                                                              RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) + ',' + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) + "] Work Efficiency.");
+                                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                              format("Schedule=\"{}\"; Entered min/max range=[{:.1R},{:.1R}] Work Efficiency.",
+                                                                     AlphaName(9),
+                                                                     SchMin,
+                                                                     SchMax));
                                         }
                                     }
                                 }
@@ -860,8 +884,10 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                     if (Item1 == 1) {
                                                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " +
                                                                         cAlphaFieldNames(12) + ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(12) + "\". Minimum is [" +
-                                                                          RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) + "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                                          format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.",
+                                                                                 AlphaName(12),
+                                                                                 SchMin));
                                                         ErrorsFound = true;
                                                     }
                                                 }
@@ -869,8 +895,10 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                     if (Item1 == 1) {
                                                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " +
                                                                         cAlphaFieldNames(12) + ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(12) + "\". Maximum is [" +
-                                                                          RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) + "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                                          format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.",
+                                                                                 AlphaName(12),
+                                                                                 SchMax));
                                                         ErrorsFound = true;
                                                     }
                                                 }
@@ -879,8 +907,11 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                 if (Item1 == 1) {
                                                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " +
                                                                      cAlphaFieldNames(12) + ", maximum is > 2.0");
-                                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(12) + "\"; Entered min/max range=[" +
-                                                                      RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) + ',' + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) + "] Clothing.");
+                                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                                      format("Schedule=\"{}\"; Entered min/max range=[{:.1R},{:.1R}] Clothing.",
+                                                                             AlphaName(12),
+                                                                             SchMin,
+                                                                             SchMax));
                                                 }
                                             }
                                         }
@@ -935,8 +966,9 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                             if (Item1 == 1) {
                                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " +
                                                                 cAlphaFieldNames(13) + ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(13) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                                                  "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                                ShowContinueError(
+                                                    state,
+                                                    format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(13), SchMin));
                                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                                             }
                                         }
@@ -944,8 +976,9 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                             if (Item1 == 1) {
                                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " +
                                                                 cAlphaFieldNames(13) + ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(13) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                                                  "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                                ShowContinueError(
+                                                    state,
+                                                    format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(13), SchMax));
                                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                                             }
                                         }
@@ -1097,10 +1130,11 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                 if (Zone(Loop).FloorArea > 0.0 && Zone(Loop).FloorArea / Zone(Loop).TotOccupants < 0.1) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Zone=\"" + Zone(Loop).Name + "\" occupant density is extremely high.");
                     if (Zone(Loop).FloorArea > 0.0) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Occupant Density=[" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(Loop).TotOccupants / Zone(Loop).FloorArea, 0) + "] person/m2.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Occupant Density=[{:.0R}] person/m2.", Zone(Loop).TotOccupants / Zone(Loop).FloorArea));
                     }
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Occupant Density=[" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(Loop).FloorArea / Zone(Loop).TotOccupants, 3) +
-                                      "] m2/person. Problems in Temperature Out of Bounds may result.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Occupant Density=[{:.3R}] m2/person. Problems in Temperature Out of Bounds may result.",
+                                             Zone(Loop).FloorArea / Zone(Loop).TotOccupants));
                 }
                 maxOccupLoad = 0.0;
                 for (Loop1 = 1; Loop1 <= TotPeople; ++Loop1) {
@@ -1116,10 +1150,11 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Zone=\"" + Zone(Loop).Name +
                                          "\" occupant density at a maximum schedule value is extremely high.");
                         if (Zone(Loop).FloorArea > 0.0) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Occupant Density=[" + RoundSigDigits(maxOccupLoad / Zone(Loop).FloorArea, 0) + "] person/m2.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Occupant Density=[{:.0R}] person/m2.", maxOccupLoad / Zone(Loop).FloorArea));
                         }
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Occupant Density=[" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(Loop).FloorArea / maxOccupLoad, 3) +
-                                          "] m2/person. Problems in Temperature Out of Bounds may result.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Occupant Density=[{:.3R}] m2/person. Problems in Temperature Out of Bounds may result.",
+                                                 Zone(Loop).FloorArea / maxOccupLoad));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Check values in People=" + People(OptionNum).Name +
                                           ", Number of People Schedule=" + GetScheduleName(state, MaxNumber));
                     }
@@ -1251,8 +1286,8 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                 if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                                     ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                                      "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -1260,8 +1295,8 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                 if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                                     ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                                      "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -1287,8 +1322,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                          cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Zone Floor Area = 0.  0 Lights will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Lights(Loop).Name + "\", invalid " +
-                                                    cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(2), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           Lights(Loop).Name,
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                                           IHGNumbers(2)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -1306,8 +1346,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                          cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Total Occupants = 0.  0 Lights will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Lights(Loop).Name + "\", invalid " +
-                                                    cNumericFieldNames(3) + ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(3), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           Lights(Loop).Name,
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                                           IHGNumbers(3)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -1700,15 +1745,15 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                             if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                                 ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                                  "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                             if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                                 ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                                  "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -1733,8 +1778,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                          cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Zone Floor Area = 0.  0 Electric Equipment will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", invalid " +
-                                                    cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(2), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           AlphaName(1),
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                                           IHGNumbers(2)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -1752,8 +1802,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                          cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Total Occupants = 0.  0 Electric Equipment will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", invalid " +
-                                                    cNumericFieldNames(3) + ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(3), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           AlphaName(1),
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                                           IHGNumbers(3)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -2098,8 +2153,8 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                 if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                                     ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                                      "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -2107,8 +2162,8 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                 if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                                     ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                                      "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -2134,8 +2189,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                          cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Zone Floor Area = 0.  0 Gas Equipment will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + ZoneGas(Loop).Name + "\", invalid " +
-                                                    cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(2), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           ZoneGas(Loop).Name,
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                                           IHGNumbers(2)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -2153,8 +2213,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                          cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Total Occupants = 0.  0 Gas Equipment will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + ZoneGas(Loop).Name + "\", invalid " +
-                                                    cNumericFieldNames(3) + ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(3), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           ZoneGas(Loop).Name,
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                                           IHGNumbers(3)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -2185,13 +2250,23 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                         ZoneGas(Loop).CO2RateFactor = IHGNumbers(7);
                     }
                     if (ZoneGas(Loop).CO2RateFactor < 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
-                                        " < 0.0, value =" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(7), 2));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}{}=\"{}\", {} < 0.0, value ={:.2R}",
+                                               RoutineName,
+                                               CurrentModuleObject,
+                                               AlphaName(1),
+                                               cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                               IHGNumbers(7)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (ZoneGas(Loop).CO2RateFactor > 4.0e-7) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
-                                        " > 4.0E-7, value =" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(7), 2));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}{}=\"{}\", {} > 4.0E-7, value ={:.2R}",
+                                               RoutineName,
+                                               CurrentModuleObject,
+                                               AlphaName(1),
+                                               cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                               IHGNumbers(7)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     // FractionConvected is a calculated field
@@ -2494,15 +2569,15 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                             if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                                 ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                                  "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                             if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                                 ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                                  "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -2527,8 +2602,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                          cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Zone Floor Area = 0.  0 Hot Water Equipment will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", invalid " +
-                                                    cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(2), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           AlphaName(1),
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                                           IHGNumbers(2)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -2546,8 +2626,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                          cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Total Occupants = 0.  0 Hot Water Equipment will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", invalid " +
-                                                    cNumericFieldNames(3) + ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(3), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           AlphaName(1),
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                                           IHGNumbers(3)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -2888,15 +2973,15 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                             if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                                 ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                                  "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                             if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                                 ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                                  "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -2921,8 +3006,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                          cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Zone Floor Area = 0.  0 Hot Water Equipment will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", invalid " +
-                                                    cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(2), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           AlphaName(1),
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                                           IHGNumbers(2)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -2940,8 +3030,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                          cNumericFieldNames(2) + ", but Total Occupants = 0.  0 Hot Water Equipment will result.");
                                     }
                                 } else {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", invalid " +
-                                                    cNumericFieldNames(3) + ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(3), 3));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           AlphaName(1),
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                                           IHGNumbers(3)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -3375,13 +3470,23 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                         ZoneOtherEq(Loop).CO2RateFactor = IHGNumbers(7);
                     }
                     if (ZoneOtherEq(Loop).CO2RateFactor < 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
-                                        " < 0.0, value =" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(7), 2));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}{}=\"{}\", {} < 0.0, value ={:.2R}",
+                                               RoutineName,
+                                               CurrentModuleObject,
+                                               AlphaName(1),
+                                               cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                               IHGNumbers(7)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (ZoneOtherEq(Loop).CO2RateFactor > 4.0e-7) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
-                                        " > 4.0E-7, value =" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(7), 2));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}{}=\"{}\", {} > 4.0E-7, value ={:.2R}",
+                                               RoutineName,
+                                               CurrentModuleObject,
+                                               AlphaName(1),
+                                               cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                               IHGNumbers(7)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
 
@@ -3659,8 +3764,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                                                      cNumericFieldNames(3) + ", but Zone Floor Area = 0.  0 IT Equipment will result.");
                                 }
                             } else {
-                                ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(3) +
-                                                ", value  [<0.0]=" + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(3), 3));
+                                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                format("{}{}=\"{}\", invalid {}, value  [<0.0]={:.3R}",
+                                                       RoutineName,
+                                                       CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                       AlphaName(1),
+                                                       cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                                       IHGNumbers(3)));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -3695,15 +3805,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                         if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                             ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(5) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                              "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(5), SchMin));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                         if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(5) +
                                             ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(5) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                              "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(5), SchMax));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -3727,15 +3835,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                         if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(6) +
                                             ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(6) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                              "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(6), SchMin));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                         if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(6) +
                                             ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(6) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                              "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(6), SchMax));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -4401,15 +4507,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -4596,15 +4700,13 @@ namespace InternalHeatGains {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/LowTempRadiantSystem.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/LowTempRadiantSystem.cc
index bb35ca0d879..e464bff56d2 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/LowTempRadiantSystem.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/LowTempRadiantSystem.cc
@@ -272,7 +272,6 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
         //       DATE WRITTEN   November 2000
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int RadSysNum;  // Radiant system number/index in local derived types
@@ -307,13 +306,19 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
             RadSysNum = CompIndex;
             SystemType = RadSysTypes(RadSysNum).SystemType;
             if (RadSysNum > TotalNumOfRadSystems || RadSysNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimLowTempRadiantSystem:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(RadSysNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(TotalNumOfRadSystems) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimLowTempRadiantSystem:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      RadSysNum,
+                                      TotalNumOfRadSystems,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(RadSysNum)) {
                 if (CompName != RadSysTypes(RadSysNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimLowTempRadiantSystem: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(RadSysNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + RadSysTypes(RadSysNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimLowTempRadiantSystem: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          RadSysNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          RadSysTypes(RadSysNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(RadSysNum) = false;
             }
@@ -369,7 +374,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
         using DataSizing::FractionOfAutosizedHeatingCapacity;
         using DataSizing::HeatingDesignCapacity;
         using FluidProperties::FindGlycol;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using namespace DataLoopNode;
@@ -593,7 +598,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                     thisRadSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity = Numbers(5);
                     if (thisRadSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0 && thisRadSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisRadSys.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(5) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(5), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(5), Numbers(5)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -611,7 +616,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                     if (thisRadSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisRadSys.Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(8) + " = " + Alphas(8));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(6) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(6), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(6), Numbers(6)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (thisRadSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity == AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisRadSys.Name);
@@ -631,7 +636,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                     thisRadSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity = Numbers(7);
                     if (thisRadSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisRadSys.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(7) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(7), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(7), Numbers(7)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -684,7 +689,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                     thisRadSys.ScaledCoolingCapacity = Numbers(10);
                     if (thisRadSys.ScaledCoolingCapacity < 0.0 && thisRadSys.ScaledCoolingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisRadSys.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(10) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(10), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(10), Numbers(10)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -702,7 +707,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                     if (thisRadSys.CoolingCapMethod <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisRadSys.Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(12) + " = " + Alphas(12));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(11) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(11), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(11), Numbers(11)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (thisRadSys.ScaledCoolingCapacity == AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisRadSys.Name);
@@ -722,7 +727,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                     thisRadSys.ScaledCoolingCapacity = Numbers(12);
                     if (thisRadSys.ScaledCoolingCapacity < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisRadSys.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(12) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(12), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(12), Numbers(12)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -1141,8 +1146,9 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                     thisElecSys.MaxElecPower = thisElecSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity;
                     if (thisElecSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0 && thisElecSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisElecSys.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum), Numbers(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -1159,8 +1165,10 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                     if (thisElecSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisElecSys.Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum) + " = " + Alphas(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFields(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                 Numbers(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (thisElecSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity == AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisElecSys.Name);
@@ -1181,8 +1189,10 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                     thisElecSys.MaxElecPower = thisElecSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity;
                     if (thisElecSys.ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisElecSys.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFields(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                 Numbers(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -1710,7 +1720,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
         using DataZoneEquipment::CheckZoneEquipmentList;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipInputsFilled;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::InitComponentNodes;
         using PlantUtilities::ScanPlantLoopsForObject;
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
@@ -2427,7 +2437,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::MyPlantSizingIndex;
         using PlantUtilities::RegisterPlantCompDesignFlow;
 
@@ -2711,10 +2721,10 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeLowTempRadiantSystem: Potential issue with equipment sizing for "
                                                 "ZoneHVAC:LowTemperatureRadiant:VariableFlow = \"" +
                                                 HydrRadSys(RadSysNum).Name + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Hot Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(WaterVolFlowMaxHeatUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Hot Water Flow of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(WaterVolFlowMaxHeatDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Maximum Hot Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", WaterVolFlowMaxHeatUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Hot Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", WaterVolFlowMaxHeatDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -2871,10 +2881,10 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeLowTempRadiantSystem: Potential issue with equipment sizing for "
                                                 "ZoneHVAC:LowTemperatureRadiant:VariableFlow = \"" +
                                                 HydrRadSys(RadSysNum).Name + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Cool Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(WaterVolFlowMaxCoolUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Cool Water Flow of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(WaterVolFlowMaxCoolDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Maximum Cool Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", WaterVolFlowMaxCoolUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Cool Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", WaterVolFlowMaxCoolDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -2914,9 +2924,8 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeLowTempRadiantSystem: Potential issue with equipment sizing for "
                                                 "ZoneHVAC:LowTemperatureRadiant:VariableFlow = \"" +
                                                 HydrRadSys(RadSysNum).Name + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Hydronic Tubing Length of " + RoundSigDigits(TubeLengthUser, 5) + " [m]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Hydronic Tubing Length of " + RoundSigDigits(TubeLengthDes, 5) +
-                                                      " [m]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Hydronic Tubing Length of {:.5R} [m]", TubeLengthUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Hydronic Tubing Length of {:.5R} [m]", TubeLengthDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -3066,9 +3075,9 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeLowTempRadiantSystem: Potential issue with equipment sizing for "
                                                 "ZoneHVAC:LowTemperatureRadiant:ConstantFlow = \" " +
                                                 CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).Name + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(WaterVolFlowMaxUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(WaterVolFlowMaxDes, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", WaterVolFlowMaxUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("differs from Design Size Maximum Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", WaterVolFlowMaxDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -3114,9 +3123,8 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeLowTempRadiantSystem: Potential issue with equipment sizing for "
                                                 "ZoneHVAC:LowTemperatureRadiant:ConstantFlow = \" " +
                                                 CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).Name + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Hydronic Tubing Length of " + RoundSigDigits(TubeLengthUser, 5) + " [m]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Hydronic Tubing Length of " + RoundSigDigits(TubeLengthDes, 5) +
-                                                      " [m]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Hydronic Tubing Length of {:.5R} [m]", TubeLengthUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Hydronic Tubing Length of {:.5R} [m]", TubeLengthDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -3384,7 +3392,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
         using DataSurfaces::HeatTransferModel_CondFD;
         using DataSurfaces::HeatTransferModel_CTF;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -3637,13 +3645,14 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Surface [" + Surface(this->SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2)).Name +
                                                   "] temperature below dew-point temperature--potential for condensation exists");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Flow to the radiant system will be shut-off to avoid condensation");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Predicted radiant system surface temperature = " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(TH(2, 1, this->SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2)), 2));
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Zone dew-point temperature + safety delta T= " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(DewPointTemp + this->CondDewPtDeltaT, 2));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("Predicted radiant system surface temperature = {:.2R}", TH(2, 1, this->SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2))));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("Zone dew-point temperature + safety delta T= {:.2R}", DewPointTemp + this->CondDewPtDeltaT));
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Note that a " + RoundSigDigits(this->CondDewPtDeltaT, 4) +
-                                                  " C safety was chosen in the input for the shut-off criteria");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("Note that a {:.4R} C safety was chosen in the input for the shut-off criteria", this->CondDewPtDeltaT));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Note also that this affects all surfaces that are part of this radiant system");
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cHydronicSystem + " [" + this->Name + "] condensation shut-off occurrence continues.",
@@ -3803,13 +3812,14 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Surface [" + Surface(this->SurfacePtr(CondSurfNum)).Name +
                                                   "] temperature below dew-point temperature--potential for condensation exists");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Flow to the radiant system will be shut-off to avoid condensation");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Predicted radiant system surface temperature = " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(TH(2, 1, this->SurfacePtr(CondSurfNum)), 2));
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Zone dew-point temperature + safety delta T= " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(DewPointTemp + this->CondDewPtDeltaT, 2));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("Predicted radiant system surface temperature = {:.2R}", TH(2, 1, this->SurfacePtr(CondSurfNum))));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("Zone dew-point temperature + safety delta T= {:.2R}", DewPointTemp + this->CondDewPtDeltaT));
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Note that a " + RoundSigDigits(this->CondDewPtDeltaT, 4) +
-                                                  " C safety was chosen in the input for the shut-off criteria");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("Note that a {:.4R} C safety was chosen in the input for the shut-off criteria", this->CondDewPtDeltaT));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Note also that this affects all surfaces that are part of this radiant system");
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cHydronicSystem + " [" + this->Name + "] condensation shut-off occurrence continues.",
@@ -3876,7 +3886,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallLoad;
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
 
@@ -4329,7 +4339,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
             // Error check, just in case
             if (this->WaterRecircRate < 0.0) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "Flow mismatch in radiant system--result will be an energy imbalance--should not get this error");
-                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "WaterRecircRate=" + TrimSigDigits(this->WaterRecircRate, 2) + ", in Radiant System=" + this->Name + ',');
+                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("WaterRecircRate={:.2T}, in Radiant System={},", this->WaterRecircRate, this->Name));
                 this->WaterRecircRate = 0.0;
                 this->WaterInjectionRate = this->WaterMassFlowRate;
             }
@@ -4388,7 +4398,7 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
         using DataSurfaces::HeatTransferModel_CTF;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -4735,13 +4745,14 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Surface [" + Surface(this->SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2)).Name +
                                                   "] temperature below dew-point temperature--potential for condensation exists");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Flow to the radiant system will be shut-off to avoid condensation");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Predicted radiant system surface temperature = " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(TH(2, 1, this->SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2)), 2));
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Zone dew-point temperature + safety delta T= " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(DewPointTemp + this->CondDewPtDeltaT, 2));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("Predicted radiant system surface temperature = {:.2R}", TH(2, 1, this->SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2))));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("Zone dew-point temperature + safety delta T= {:.2R}", DewPointTemp + this->CondDewPtDeltaT));
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Note that a " + RoundSigDigits(this->CondDewPtDeltaT, 4) +
-                                                  " C safety was chosen in the input for the shut-off criteria");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("Note that a {:.4R} C safety was chosen in the input for the shut-off criteria", this->CondDewPtDeltaT));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Note also that this affects all surfaces that are part of this radiant system");
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cConstantFlowSystem + " [" + this->Name + "] condensation shut-off occurrence continues.",
@@ -4796,13 +4807,15 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Surface [" + Surface(this->SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2)).Name +
                                                       "] temperature below dew-point temperature--potential for condensation exists");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Flow to the radiant system will be shut-off to avoid condensation");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Predicted radiant system surface temperature = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(TH(2, 1, this->SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2)), 2));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone dew-point temperature + safety delta T= " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(DewPointTemp + this->CondDewPtDeltaT, 2));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("Predicted radiant system surface temperature = {:.2R}", TH(2, 1, this->SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2))));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("Zone dew-point temperature + safety delta T= {:.2R}", DewPointTemp + this->CondDewPtDeltaT));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Note that a " + RoundSigDigits(this->CondDewPtDeltaT, 4) +
-                                                      " C safety was chosen in the input for the shut-off criteria");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Note that a {:.4R} C safety was chosen in the input for the shut-off criteria",
+                                                             this->CondDewPtDeltaT));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Note also that this affects all surfaces that are part of this radiant system");
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, cConstantFlowSystem + " [" + this->Name +
@@ -5196,7 +5209,6 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
         // check for crazy, out of range temperature results for fluid leaving radiant system
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         Real64 const upperRangeLimit(500.0);  // high error trigger limit for when model is not working
         Real64 const lowerRangeLimit(-300.0); // Low error trigger limit for when model is not working
@@ -5214,8 +5226,8 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                 if (this->OutRangeLoErrorCount == 0) {
                     ShowSevereMessage(state, "UpdateLowTempRadiantSystem: model result for fluid outlet temperature is not physical.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for radiant system name = " + this->Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated radiant system outlet temperature = " + RoundSigDigits(outletTemp, 3) + " [C]");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Radiant system inlet temperature = " + RoundSigDigits(inletTemp, 3) + " [C]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated radiant system outlet temperature = {:.3R} [C]", outletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Radiant system inlet temperature = {:.3R} [C]", inletTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         "A possible cause is that the materials used in the internal source construction are not compatible with the model.");
                 }
@@ -5230,8 +5242,8 @@ namespace LowTempRadiantSystem {
                 if (this->OutRangeHiErrorCount == 0) {
                     ShowSevereMessage(state, "UpdateLowTempRadiantSystem: model result for fluid outlet temperature is not physical.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for radiant system name = " + this->Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated radiant system outlet temperature = " + RoundSigDigits(outletTemp, 3) + " [C]");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Radiant system inlet temperature = " + RoundSigDigits(inletTemp, 3) + " [C]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated radiant system outlet temperature = {:.3R} [C]", outletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Radiant system inlet temperature = {:.3R} [C]", inletTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         "A possible cause is that the materials used in the internal source construction are not compatible with the model.");
                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/MicroCHPElectricGenerator.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/MicroCHPElectricGenerator.cc
index ea08b1c576a..075ee1c319f 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/MicroCHPElectricGenerator.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/MicroCHPElectricGenerator.cc
@@ -230,14 +230,14 @@ namespace MicroCHPElectricGenerator {
                 MicroCHPParamInput(CHPParamNum).RadiativeFraction = NumArray(9); // N9 radiative fraction for skin losses
                 MicroCHPParamInput(CHPParamNum).MCeng = NumArray(10);            // N10 Aggregated Thermal Mass of Generator MC_eng
                 if (MicroCHPParamInput(CHPParamNum).MCeng <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid, " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(10), 5));
+                    ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid, {} = {:.5R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10), NumArray(10)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Thermal mass must be greater than zero");
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 MicroCHPParamInput(CHPParamNum).MCcw = NumArray(11); // Aggregated Thermal Mass of Heat Recovery MC_cw
                 if (MicroCHPParamInput(CHPParamNum).MCcw <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid, " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(11), 5));
+                    ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid, {} = {:.5R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11), NumArray(11)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Thermal mass must be greater than zero");
                     ErrorsFound = true;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/MicroturbineElectricGenerator.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/MicroturbineElectricGenerator.cc
index 636ba892c01..a1352e5b88e 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/MicroturbineElectricGenerator.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/MicroturbineElectricGenerator.cc
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
 
             MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElecPowerOutput = NumArray(1);
             if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElecPowerOutput <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(1), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), NumArray(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + " must be greater than 0.");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
             MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).MaxElecPowerOutput = NumArray(3);
 
             if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).MinElecPowerOutput < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(2), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), NumArray(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " must be greater than 0.");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).MaxElecPowerOutput = MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElecPowerOutput;
             } else {
                 if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).MaxElecPowerOutput <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(3), 2));
+                    ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3), NumArray(3)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3) + " must be greater than 0.");
                     ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -203,8 +203,12 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
 
             if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).MinElecPowerOutput >= MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).MaxElecPowerOutput) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "= " + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name);
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " [" + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(2), 2) + "] > " +
-                                  DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3) + " [" + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(3), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.2R}] > {} [{:.2R}]",
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         NumArray(2),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                         NumArray(3)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Minimum Full Load Electrical Power Output must be less than or equal");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "to Maximum Full Load Electrical Power Output.");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -215,16 +219,16 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "= " + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name);
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + " must be >= " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + " must be <= " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(1), 2));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(2), 2));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(3), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), NumArray(1)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), NumArray(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3), NumArray(3)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElecEfficiencyLHV = NumArray(4);
 
             if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElecEfficiencyLHV <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(4), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4), NumArray(4)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4) + " must be greater than 0.");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -235,7 +239,7 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
             MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElevation = NumArray(7);
 
             if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefCombustAirInletHumRat <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(6), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6), NumArray(6)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6) + " must be greater than 0.");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -265,11 +269,12 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                         ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                         ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(2) + " = " + AlphArray(2));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at reference conditions should equal 1 (+-10%).");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Reference combustion air inlet temperature = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefCombustAirInletTemp, 4) + " C");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Reference elevation                        = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElevation, 4) + " m");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output                               = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ElectOutFTempElevOutput, 4));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...Reference combustion air inlet temperature = {:.4T} C", MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefCombustAirInletTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Reference elevation                        = {:.4T} m", MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElevation));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output                               = {:.4T}", ElectOutFTempElevOutput));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -291,9 +296,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                         ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                         ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(3) + " = " + AlphArray(3));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output at reference condition should equal 1 (+-10%).");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Reference combustion air inlet temperature = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefCombustAirInletTemp, 4) + " C");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output                               = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ElecEfficFTempOutput, 4));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("... Reference combustion air inlet temperature = {:.4T} C", MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefCombustAirInletTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Curve output                               = {:.4T}", ElecEfficFTempOutput));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -314,7 +320,7 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                         ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                         ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(4) + " = " + AlphArray(4));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output at a part-load ratio of 1 should equal 1 (+-10%).");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ElecEfficFPLROutput, 4));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Curve output = {:.4T}", ElecEfficFPLROutput));
                     }
 
                     Real64 Var1Min(0.0);
@@ -339,14 +345,14 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
             MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).FuelLowerHeatingValue = NumArray(9);
 
             if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).FuelLowerHeatingValue <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(9), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9), NumArray(9)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9) + " must be greater than 0.");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).FuelHigherHeatingValue <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(8), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8), NumArray(8)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8) + " must be greater than 0.");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -355,14 +361,14 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
             if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).FuelLowerHeatingValue > MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).FuelHigherHeatingValue) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8) + " must be greater than the " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(8), 2));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(9), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8), NumArray(8)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9), NumArray(9)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).StandbyPower = NumArray(10);
             if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).StandbyPower < 0.0) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(10), 2));
+                ShowWarningError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10), NumArray(10)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + " must be greater than 0.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Resetting to 0 and the simulation continues.");
@@ -371,7 +377,7 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
 
             MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).AncillaryPower = NumArray(11);
             if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).AncillaryPower < 0.0) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(11), 2));
+                ShowWarningError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11), NumArray(11)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11) + " must be greater than 0.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Resetting to 0 and the simulation continues.");
@@ -397,14 +403,17 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                         ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                         ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(6) + " = " + AlphArray(6));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output at reference conditions should equal 1 (+-10%).");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Reference Electrical Power Output           = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElecPowerOutput, 2) + " W");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Reference Electrical Efficiency (LHV basis) = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElecEfficiencyLHV, 4));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Fuel Lower Heating Value                    = " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).FuelLowerHeatingValue, 2) + " kJ/kg");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Calculated fuel flow                        = " + General::TrimSigDigits(RefFuelUseMdot, 4) + " kg/s");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output                                = " + General::TrimSigDigits(AncillaryPowerOutput, 4));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("... Reference Electrical Power Output           = {:.2T} W", MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElecPowerOutput));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("... Reference Electrical Efficiency (LHV basis) = {:.4T}", MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElecEfficiencyLHV));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("... Fuel Lower Heating Value                    = {:.2T} kJ/kg",
+                                                 MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).FuelLowerHeatingValue));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Calculated fuel flow                        = {:.4T} kg/s", RefFuelUseMdot));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Curve output                                = {:.4T}", AncillaryPowerOutput));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -485,7 +494,7 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefHeatRecVolFlowRate = NumArray(14);
 
                 if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefHeatRecVolFlowRate <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(14) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(14), 2));
+                    ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(14), NumArray(14)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(14) + " must be greater than 0.");
                     ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -514,10 +523,12 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                             ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(11) + " = " + AlphArray(11));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output at reference conditions should equal 1 (+-10%).");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Reference combustion air inlet temperature      = " +
-                                              General::TrimSigDigits(MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefCombustAirInletTemp, 4) + " C");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Reference elevation                             = " +
-                                              General::TrimSigDigits(MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElevation, 4) + " m");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("... Reference combustion air inlet temperature      = {:.4T} C",
+                                                     MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefCombustAirInletTemp));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("... Reference elevation                             = {:.4T} m", MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefElevation));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -534,7 +545,7 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                             ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(12) + " = " + AlphArray(12));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output at a part-load ratio of 1 should equal 1 (+-10%).");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(HeatRecRateFPLROutput, 4));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("... Curve output = {:.4T}", HeatRecRateFPLROutput));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -552,9 +563,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                             ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(13) + " = " + AlphArray(13));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output at reference condition should equal 1 (+-10%).");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Reference inlet water temperature temperature      = " +
-                                              General::TrimSigDigits(MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefInletWaterTemp, 4) + " C");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(HeatRecRateFTempOutput, 4));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("... Reference inlet water temperature temperature      = {:.4T} C",
+                                                     MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefInletWaterTemp));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("... Curve output = {:.4T}", HeatRecRateFTempOutput));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -572,9 +584,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                             ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(14) + " = " + AlphArray(14));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output at reference condition should equal 1 (+-10%).");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Reference Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate      = " +
-                                              General::TrimSigDigits(MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefHeatRecVolFlowRate, 4) + " m3/s");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(HeatRecRateFFlowOutput, 4));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("... Reference Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate      = {:.4T} m3/s",
+                                                     MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefHeatRecVolFlowRate));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("... Curve output = {:.4T}", HeatRecRateFFlowOutput));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -673,7 +686,7 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).ExhAirCalcsActive = true;
                 MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefExhaustAirMassFlowRate = NumArray(18);
                 if (MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefExhaustAirMassFlowRate <= 0.0 && !DataIPShortCuts::lNumericFieldBlanks(18)) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(18) + '=' + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(18), 2));
+                    ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(18), NumArray(18)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + AlphArray(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(18) + " must be greater than 0.");
                     ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -692,9 +705,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                             ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(17) + " = " + AlphArray(17));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output at reference condition should equal 1 (+-10%).");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Reference combustion air inlet temperature      = " +
-                                              General::TrimSigDigits(MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefCombustAirInletTemp, 4) + " C");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ExhFlowFTempOutput, 4));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("... Reference combustion air inlet temperature      = {:.4T} C",
+                                                     MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefCombustAirInletTemp));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("... Curve output = {:.4T}", ExhFlowFTempOutput));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -711,7 +725,7 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                             ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(18) + " = " + AlphArray(18));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output at a part-load ratio of 1 should equal 1 (+-10%).");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ExhFlowFPLROutput, 4));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("... Curve output = {:.4T}", ExhFlowFPLROutput));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -731,9 +745,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                             ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(19) + " = " + AlphArray(19));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output at reference condition should equal 1 (+-10%).");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Reference combustion air inlet temperature      = " +
-                                              General::TrimSigDigits(MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefCombustAirInletTemp, 4) + " C");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ExhAirTempFTempOutput, 4));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("... Reference combustion air inlet temperature      = {:.4T} C",
+                                                     MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).RefCombustAirInletTemp));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("... Curve output = {:.4T}", ExhAirTempFTempOutput));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -750,7 +765,7 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                             ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " \"" + MTGenerator(GeneratorNum).Name + "\"");
                             ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(20) + " = " + AlphArray(20));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output at a part-load ratio of 1 should equal 1 (+-10%).");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "... Curve output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ExhOutAirTempFPLROutput, 4));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("... Curve output = {:.4T}", ExhOutAirTempFPLROutput));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1170,11 +1185,12 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
             if (this->PowerFTempElevErrorIndex == 0) {
                 //        MTGenerator(GeneratorNum)%PowerFTempElevErrorCount = MTGenerator(GeneratorNum)%PowerFTempElevErrorCount + 1
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... Electrical Power Modifier curve (function of temperature and elevation) output is less than zero (" +
-                                  General::TrimSigDigits(PowerFTempElev, 4) + ").");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... Value occurs using a combustion inlet air temperature of " +
-                                  General::TrimSigDigits(CombustionAirInletTemp, 2) + " C.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... and an elevation of " + General::TrimSigDigits(DataEnvironment::Elevation, 2) + " m.");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("... Electrical Power Modifier curve (function of temperature and elevation) output is less than zero ({:.4T}).",
+                           PowerFTempElev));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... Value occurs using a combustion inlet air temperature of {:.2T} C.", CombustionAirInletTemp));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... and an elevation of {:.2T} m.", DataEnvironment::Elevation));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
             }
             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name +
@@ -1232,10 +1248,11 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 if (this->EffFTempErrorIndex == 0) {
                     //          MTGenerator(GeneratorNum)%EffFTempErrorCount = MTGenerator(GeneratorNum)%EffFTempErrorCount + 1
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Electrical Efficiency Modifier (function of temperature) output is less than zero (" +
-                                      General::TrimSigDigits(ElecEfficiencyFTemp, 4) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Value occurs using a combustion inlet air temperature of " +
-                                      General::TrimSigDigits(CombustionAirInletTemp, 2) + " C.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("... Electrical Efficiency Modifier (function of temperature) output is less than zero ({:.4T}).",
+                                             ElecEfficiencyFTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("... Value occurs using a combustion inlet air temperature of {:.2T} C.", CombustionAirInletTemp));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1255,9 +1272,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
             if (ElecEfficiencyFPLR < 0.0) {
                 if (this->EffFPLRErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Electrical Efficiency Modifier (function of part-load ratio) output is less than zero (" +
-                                      General::TrimSigDigits(ElecEfficiencyFPLR, 4) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Value occurs using a part-load ratio of " + General::TrimSigDigits(PLR, 3) + '.');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("... Electrical Efficiency Modifier (function of part-load ratio) output is less than zero ({:.4T}).",
+                                             ElecEfficiencyFPLR));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... Value occurs using a part-load ratio of {:.3T}.", PLR));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1295,10 +1313,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 if (AnciPowerFMdotFuel < 0.0) {
                     if (this->AnciPowerFMdotFuelErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Ancillary Power Modifier (function of fuel input) output is less than zero (" +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(AnciPowerFMdotFuel, 4) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Value occurs using a fuel input mass flow rate of " + General::TrimSigDigits(this->FuelMdot, 4) +
-                                          " kg/s.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("... Ancillary Power Modifier (function of fuel input) output is less than zero ({:.4T}).", AnciPowerFMdotFuel));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Value occurs using a fuel input mass flow rate of {:.4T} kg/s.", this->FuelMdot));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1329,8 +1347,8 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... Iteration loop for electric power generation is not converging within tolerance.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... Check the Ancillary Power Modifier Curve (function of fuel input).");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... Ancillary Power = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ancillaryPowerRate, 1) + " W.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... Fuel input rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(AnciPowerFMdotFuel, 4) + " kg/s.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... Ancillary Power = {:.1T} W.", ancillaryPowerRate));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("... Fuel input rate = {:.4T} kg/s.", AnciPowerFMdotFuel));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Simulation will continue.");
             }
             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name +
@@ -1362,11 +1380,13 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 if (ThermalEffFTempElev < 0.0) {
                     if (this->ThermEffFTempElevErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Electrical Power Modifier curve (function of temperature and elevation) output is less than zero (" +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(PowerFTempElev, 4) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Value occurs using a combustion inlet air temperature of " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(CombustionAirInletTemp, 2) + " C.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... and an elevation of " + General::TrimSigDigits(DataEnvironment::Elevation, 2) + " m.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("... Electrical Power Modifier curve (function of temperature and elevation) output is less than zero ({:.4T}).",
+                                   PowerFTempElev));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("... Value occurs using a combustion inlet air temperature of {:.2T} C.", CombustionAirInletTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... and an elevation of {:.2T} m.", DataEnvironment::Elevation));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name +
@@ -1390,9 +1410,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 if (HeatRecRateFPLR < 0.0) {
                     if (this->HeatRecRateFPLRErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Heat Recovery Rate Modifier (function of part-load ratio) output is less than zero (" +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(HeatRecRateFPLR, 4) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Value occurs using a part-load ratio of " + General::TrimSigDigits(PLR, 3) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("... Heat Recovery Rate Modifier (function of part-load ratio) output is less than zero ({:.4T}).",
+                                                 HeatRecRateFPLR));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Value occurs using a part-load ratio of {:.3T}.", PLR));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1415,10 +1436,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 if (HeatRecRateFTemp < 0.0) {
                     if (this->HeatRecRateFTempErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Heat Recovery Rate Modifier (function of inlet water temp) output is less than zero (" +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(HeatRecRateFTemp, 4) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Value occurs using an inlet water temperature temperature of " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(HeatRecInTemp, 2) + " C.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("... Heat Recovery Rate Modifier (function of inlet water temp) output is less than zero ({:.4T}).",
+                                                 HeatRecRateFTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Value occurs using an inlet water temperature temperature of {:.2T} C.", HeatRecInTemp));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1446,9 +1467,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 if (HeatRecRateFFlow < 0.0) {
                     if (this->HeatRecRateFFlowErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Heat Recovery Rate Modifier (function of water flow rate) output is less than zero (" +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(HeatRecRateFFlow, 4) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Value occurs using a water flow rate of " + General::TrimSigDigits(HeatRecVolFlowRate, 4) + " m3/s.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("... Heat Recovery Rate Modifier (function of water flow rate) output is less than zero ({:.4T}).",
+                                                 HeatRecRateFFlow));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Value occurs using a water flow rate of {:.4T} m3/s.", HeatRecVolFlowRate));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1504,9 +1526,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
             if (this->HeatRecMinMassFlowRate > heatRecMdot && heatRecMdot > 0.0) {
                 if (this->HRMinFlowErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Heat reclaim water flow rate is below the generators minimum mass flow rate of (" +
-                                      General::TrimSigDigits(this->HeatRecMinMassFlowRate, 4) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Heat reclaim water mass flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(heatRecMdot, 4) + '.');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Heat reclaim water flow rate is below the generators minimum mass flow rate of ({:.4T}).",
+                                             this->HeatRecMinMassFlowRate));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Heat reclaim water mass flow rate = {:.4T}.", heatRecMdot));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "...Check inputs for heat recovery water flow rate.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1521,9 +1544,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
             if (heatRecMdot > this->HeatRecMaxMassFlowRate && heatRecMdot > 0.0) {
                 if (this->HRMaxFlowErrorIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Heat reclaim water flow rate is above the generators maximum mass flow rate of (" +
-                                      General::TrimSigDigits(this->HeatRecMaxMassFlowRate, 4) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Heat reclaim water mass flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(heatRecMdot, 4) + '.');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Heat reclaim water flow rate is above the generators maximum mass flow rate of ({:.4T}).",
+                                             this->HeatRecMaxMassFlowRate));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Heat reclaim water mass flow rate = {:.4T}.", heatRecMdot));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "...Check inputs for heat recovery water flow rate.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1553,10 +1577,12 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 if (ExhFlowFTemp <= 0.0) {
                     if (this->ExhFlowFTempErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Exhaust Air Flow Rate Modifier (function of temperature) output is less than or equal to zero (" +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(ExhFlowFTemp, 4) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Value occurs using a combustion inlet air temperature of " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(CombustionAirInletTemp, 2) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...Exhaust Air Flow Rate Modifier (function of temperature) output is less than or equal to zero ({:.4T}).",
+                                   ExhFlowFTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Value occurs using a combustion inlet air temperature of {:.2T}.", CombustionAirInletTemp));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "...Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1579,9 +1605,11 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 if (ExhFlowFPLR <= 0.0) {
                     if (this->ExhFlowFPLRErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Exhaust Air Flow Rate Modifier (function of part-load ratio) output is less than or equal to zero (" +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(ExhFlowFPLR, 4) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Value occurs using a part-load ratio of " + General::TrimSigDigits(PLR, 2) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...Exhaust Air Flow Rate Modifier (function of part-load ratio) output is less than or equal to zero ({:.4T}).",
+                                   ExhFlowFPLR));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Value occurs using a part-load ratio of {:.2T}.", PLR));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "...Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name +
@@ -1618,10 +1646,12 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 if (ExhAirTempFTemp <= 0.0) {
                     if (this->ExhTempFTempErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Exhaust Air Temperature Modifier (function of temperature) output is less than or equal to zero (" +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(ExhAirTempFTemp, 4) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Value occurs using a combustion inlet air temperature of " +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(CombustionAirInletTemp, 2) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...Exhaust Air Temperature Modifier (function of temperature) output is less than or equal to zero ({:.4T}).",
+                                   ExhAirTempFTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...Value occurs using a combustion inlet air temperature of {:.2T}.", CombustionAirInletTemp));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "...Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name +
@@ -1644,9 +1674,11 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                 if (ExhAirTempFPLR <= 0.0) {
                     if (this->ExhTempFPLRErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Exhaust Air Temperature Modifier (function of part-load ratio) output is less than or equal to zero (" +
-                                          General::TrimSigDigits(ExhAirTempFPLR, 4) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...Value occurs using a part-load ratio of " + General::TrimSigDigits(PLR, 2) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...Exhaust Air Temperature Modifier (function of part-load ratio) output is less than or equal to zero ({:.4T}).",
+                                   ExhAirTempFPLR));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Value occurs using a part-load ratio of {:.2T}.", PLR));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "...Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name +
@@ -1695,8 +1727,8 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         "...The model has calculated the exhaust air temperature to be less than the combustion air inlet temperature.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Value of exhaust air temperature   =" + General::TrimSigDigits(this->ExhaustAirTemperature, 4) + " C.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Value of combustion air inlet temp =" + General::TrimSigDigits(CombustionAirInletTemp, 4) + " C.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Value of exhaust air temperature   ={:.4T} C.", this->ExhaustAirTemperature));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Value of combustion air inlet temp ={:.4T} C.", CombustionAirInletTemp));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Simulation will continue.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name +
@@ -1711,10 +1743,10 @@ namespace MicroturbineElectricGenerator {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "GENERATOR:MICROTURBINE \"" + this->Name + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state,
                         "...The model has calculated the exhaust air humidity ratio to be less than the combustion air inlet humidity ratio.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Value of exhaust air humidity ratio          =" + General::TrimSigDigits(this->ExhaustAirHumRat, 6) +
-                                      " kgWater/kgDryAir.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Value of combustion air inlet humidity ratio =" + General::TrimSigDigits(CombustionAirInletW, 6) +
-                                      " kgWater/kgDryAir.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Value of exhaust air humidity ratio          ={:.6T} kgWater/kgDryAir.", this->ExhaustAirHumRat));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Value of combustion air inlet humidity ratio ={:.6T} kgWater/kgDryAir.", CombustionAirInletW));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "... Simulation will continue.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/MixedAir.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/MixedAir.cc
index ea742e70352..31f85a7065c 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/MixedAir.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/MixedAir.cc
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataContaminantBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataDefineEquip.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalFanSys.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataIPShortCuts.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
@@ -95,7 +94,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/OutputReportPredefined.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/PhotovoltaicThermalCollectors.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/Plant/PlantLocation.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Psychrometrics.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/ScheduleManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/SetPointManager.hh>
@@ -1368,8 +1366,7 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
         using DataZoneEquipment::NumOfZoneEquipLists;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipList;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
 
@@ -2262,8 +2259,7 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
         using DataZoneEquipment::NumOfZoneEquipLists;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipList;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
 
@@ -2522,10 +2518,10 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... A fixed minimum outside air flow rate and high humidity control have been specified.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... The " + cNumericFields(7) +
                                           " is less than the ratio of the outside air controllers minimum to maximum outside air flow rate.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Controller " + cNumericFields(1) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(OAController(OutAirNum).MinOA, 4) + " m3/s.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Controller " + cNumericFields(2) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(OAController(OutAirNum).MaxOA, 4) + " m3/s.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Controller minimum to maximum flow ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(OAFlowRatio, 4) + '.');
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... " + cNumericFields(7) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(OAController(OutAirNum).HighRHOAFlowRatio, 4) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Controller {} = {:.4T} m3/s.", cNumericFields(1), OAController(OutAirNum).MinOA));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Controller {} = {:.4T} m3/s.", cNumericFields(2), OAController(OutAirNum).MaxOA));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Controller minimum to maximum flow ratio = {:.4T}.", OAFlowRatio));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... {} = {:.4T}.", cNumericFields(7), OAController(OutAirNum).HighRHOAFlowRatio));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -2673,7 +2669,6 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
         using DataHeatBalance::ZoneList;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW;
 
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
         using EMSManager::CheckIfNodeSetPointManagedByEMS;
         using EMSManager::iTemperatureSetPoint;
@@ -2843,8 +2838,10 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
             }
             if ((thisOAController.MaxOA - thisOAController.MinOA) < -SmallAirVolFlow) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "For Controller:OutdoorAir: " + thisOAController.Name);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "  maximum outdoor air flow rate (" + RoundSigDigits(thisOAController.MaxOA, 4) +
-                                  ") < minimum outdoor air flow rate (" + RoundSigDigits(thisOAController.MinOA, 4) + ')');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("  maximum outdoor air flow rate ({:.4R}) < minimum outdoor air flow rate ({:.4R})",
+                                         thisOAController.MaxOA,
+                                         thisOAController.MinOA));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "  To set the minimum outside air flow rate use the \"Design (minimum) outdoor air flow rate\" field in the "
                                   "Sizing:System object");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -2855,8 +2852,10 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
                 if ((thisOAController.MinOA - DesSupplyVolFlowRate) > 0.0001) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "InitOAController: Minimum Outdoor Air Flow Rate for Controller:OutdoorAir=" + thisOAController.Name +
                                      " is greater than Design Supply Air Flow Rate for AirLoopHVAC=" + state.dataAirSystemsData->PrimaryAirSystems(AirLoopNum).Name + ".");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum Outdoor Air Flow Rate=" + RoundSigDigits(thisOAController.MinOA, 6) +
-                                      " will be reset to loop Design Supply Air Flow Rate=" + RoundSigDigits(DesSupplyVolFlowRate, 6));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Minimum Outdoor Air Flow Rate={:.6R} will be reset to loop Design Supply Air Flow Rate={:.6R}",
+                                             thisOAController.MinOA,
+                                             DesSupplyVolFlowRate));
                     thisOAController.MinOA = DesSupplyVolFlowRate;
                 } else if ((thisOAController.MinOA - DesSupplyVolFlowRate) > 0.0) {
                     // If difference is tiny, reset silently
@@ -2865,8 +2864,10 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
                 if ((thisOAController.MaxOA - DesSupplyVolFlowRate) > 0.0001) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "InitOAController: Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate for Controller:OutdoorAir=" + thisOAController.Name +
                                      " is greater than Design Supply Air Flow Rate for AirLoopHVAC=" + state.dataAirSystemsData->PrimaryAirSystems(AirLoopNum).Name + ".");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate=" + RoundSigDigits(thisOAController.MaxOA, 6) +
-                                      " will be reset to loop Design Supply Air Flow Rate=" + RoundSigDigits(DesSupplyVolFlowRate, 6));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate={:.6R} will be reset to loop Design Supply Air Flow Rate={:.6R}",
+                                             thisOAController.MaxOA,
+                                             DesSupplyVolFlowRate));
                     thisOAController.MaxOA = DesSupplyVolFlowRate;
                 } else if ((thisOAController.MaxOA - DesSupplyVolFlowRate) > 0.0) {
                     // If difference is tiny, reset silently
@@ -3556,8 +3557,6 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using CurveManager::CurveValue;
-        using DataHeatBalFanSys::ZoneAirHumRat;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS
@@ -3684,8 +3683,8 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
                                      this->Name + ", Min OA fraction is used.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may be overriding desired ventilation controls. Check inputs for Minimum Outdoor Air Flow Rate, Minimum "
                                       "Outdoor Air Schedule Name and Controller:MechanicalVentilation");
-                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Minimum OA fraction = " + RoundSigDigits(OutAirMinFrac, 4) +
-                                               ", Mech Vent OA fraction = " + RoundSigDigits(MechVentOutsideAirMinFrac, 4));
+                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                        state, format("Minimum OA fraction = {:.4R}, Mech Vent OA fraction = {:.4R}", OutAirMinFrac, MechVentOutsideAirMinFrac));
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Controller:OutdoorAir=\"" + this->Name +
                                                        "\": Min OA fraction > Mechanical ventilation OA fraction, continues...",
@@ -3866,7 +3865,7 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
         using DataHeatBalance::ZoneIntGain;
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::ZoneSysEnergyDemand;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using Psychrometrics::PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW;
 
         static std::string const RoutineName("CalcMechVentController: ");
@@ -4143,11 +4142,12 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
                                             ++this->OAMaxMinLimitErrorCount;
                                             if (this->OAMaxMinLimitErrorCount < 2) {
                                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + this->Name + "\".");
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "For System Outdoor Air Method = ProportionalControlBasedOnDesignOARate, maximum "
-                                                                  "zone outdoor air rate (" +
-                                                                  RoundSigDigits(ZoneOAMax, 4) +
-                                                                  "), is not greater than minimum zone outdoor air rate (" +
-                                                                  RoundSigDigits(ZoneOAMin, 4) + ").");
+                                                ShowContinueError(
+                                                    state,
+                                                    format("For System Outdoor Air Method = ProportionalControlBasedOnDesignOARate, maximum zone "
+                                                           "outdoor air rate ({:.4R}), is not greater than minimum zone outdoor air rate ({:.4R}).",
+                                                           ZoneOAMax,
+                                                           ZoneOAMin));
                                                 ShowContinueError(state, " The minimum zone outdoor air rate is set to the maximum zone outdoor air rate. "
                                                                   "Simulation continues...");
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -4188,12 +4188,13 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
                                                 if (this->SystemOAMethod == SOAM_ProportionalControlSchOcc) {
                                                     if (this->CO2MaxMinLimitErrorCount < 2) {
                                                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + this->Name + "\".");
-                                                        ShowContinueError(state, "For System Outdoor Air Method = "
-                                                                          "ProportionalControlBasedonOccupancySchedule, maximum target CO2 "
-                                                                          "concentration (" +
-                                                                          RoundSigDigits(ZoneMaxCO2, 2) +
-                                                                          "), is not greater than minimum target CO2 concentration (" +
-                                                                          RoundSigDigits(ZoneMinCO2, 2) + ").");
+                                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                                            state,
+                                                            format("For System Outdoor Air Method = ProportionalControlBasedonOccupancySchedule, "
+                                                                   "maximum target CO2 concentration ({:.2R}), is not greater than minimum target "
+                                                                   "CO2 concentration ({:.2R}).",
+                                                                   ZoneMaxCO2,
+                                                                   ZoneMinCO2));
                                                         ShowContinueError(state, "\"ProportionalControlBasedonOccupancySchedule\" will not be modeled. "
                                                                           "Default \"VentilationRateProcedure\" will be modeled. Simulation "
                                                                           "continues...");
@@ -4210,12 +4211,13 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
                                                 if (this->SystemOAMethod == SOAM_ProportionalControlDesOcc) {
                                                     if (this->CO2MaxMinLimitErrorCount < 2) {
                                                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + this->Name + "\".");
-                                                        ShowContinueError(state, "For System Outdoor Air Method = "
-                                                                          "ProportionalControlBasedonDesignOccupancy, maximum target CO2 "
-                                                                          "concentration (" +
-                                                                          RoundSigDigits(ZoneMaxCO2, 2) +
-                                                                          "), is not greater than minimum target CO2 concentration (" +
-                                                                          RoundSigDigits(ZoneMinCO2, 2) + ").");
+                                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                                            state,
+                                                            format("For System Outdoor Air Method = ProportionalControlBasedonDesignOccupancy, "
+                                                                   "maximum target CO2 concentration ({:.2R}), is not greater than minimum target "
+                                                                   "CO2 concentration ({:.2R}).",
+                                                                   ZoneMaxCO2,
+                                                                   ZoneMinCO2));
                                                         ShowContinueError(state, "\"ProportionalControlBasedonDesignOccupancy\" will not be modeled. "
                                                                           "Default \"VentilationRateProcedure\" will be modeled. Simulation "
                                                                           "continues...");
@@ -4232,11 +4234,13 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
                                                 if (this->SystemOAMethod == SOAM_ProportionalControlDesOARate) {
                                                     if (this->CO2MaxMinLimitErrorCount < 2) {
                                                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + " = \"" + this->Name + "\".");
-                                                        ShowContinueError(state, "For System Outdoor Air Method = ProportionalControlBasedOnDesignOARate, "
-                                                                          "maximum target CO2 concentration (" +
-                                                                          RoundSigDigits(ZoneMaxCO2, 2) +
-                                                                          "), is not greater than minimum target CO2 concentration (" +
-                                                                          RoundSigDigits(ZoneMinCO2, 2) + ").");
+                                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                                            state,
+                                                            format("For System Outdoor Air Method = ProportionalControlBasedOnDesignOARate, maximum "
+                                                                   "target CO2 concentration ({:.2R}), is not greater than minimum target CO2 "
+                                                                   "concentration ({:.2R}).",
+                                                                   ZoneMaxCO2,
+                                                                   ZoneMinCO2));
                                                         ShowContinueError(state, "\"ProportionalControlBasedOnDesignOARate\" will not be modeled. Default "
                                                                           "\"VentilationRateProcedure\" will be modeled. Simulation continues...");
                                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
@@ -4899,7 +4903,7 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
         // Obtains flow rates from the zone or system sizing arrays.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::GetHXCoilType;
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::GetHXDXCoilName;
         using WaterCoils::SetCoilDesFlow;
@@ -4995,10 +4999,10 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... A fixed minimum outdoor air flow rate and high humidity control have been specified.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... The High Humidity Outdoor Air Flow Ratio is less than the ratio of the outdoor air controllers "
                                           "minimum to maximum outside air flow rate.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Controller minimum flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(this->MinOA, 4) + " m3/s.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Controller maximum flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(this->MaxOA, 4) + " m3/s.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Controller minimum to maximum flow ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(OAFlowRatio, 4) + '.');
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... High humidity control flow ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(this->HighRHOAFlowRatio, 4) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Controller minimum flow rate = {:.4T} m3/s.", this->MinOA));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Controller maximum flow rate = {:.4T} m3/s.", this->MaxOA));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Controller minimum to maximum flow ratio = {:.4T}.", OAFlowRatio));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... High humidity control flow ratio = {:.4T}.", this->HighRHOAFlowRatio));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -5508,7 +5512,6 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         int ReliefNodeNumber; // Relief Node Number
@@ -5534,8 +5537,8 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CMO_SysAvailMgrList), AvailManagerListName);
         }
 
         if (OAMixerNum > NumOAMixers) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "GetOAMixerReliefNodeNumber: Requested Mixer #=" + TrimSigDigits(OAMixerNum) +
-                           ", which is > number of OA Mixers=" + TrimSigDigits(NumOAMixers));
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("GetOAMixerReliefNodeNumber: Requested Mixer #={}, which is > number of OA Mixers={}", OAMixerNum, NumOAMixers));
         }
 
         ReliefNodeNumber = OAMixer(OAMixerNum).RelNode;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/MixerComponent.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/MixerComponent.cc
index b129035101e..8500f322cd9 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/MixerComponent.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/MixerComponent.cc
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataContaminantBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/MixerComponent.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.hh>
@@ -143,9 +142,6 @@ namespace MixerComponent {
         // It is called from the SimAirLoopComponent
         // at the system time step.
 
-        // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int MixerNum; // The Mixer that you are currently loading input into
         //////////// hoisted into namespace ////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -170,13 +166,16 @@ namespace MixerComponent {
         } else {
             MixerNum = CompIndex;
             if (MixerNum > NumMixers || MixerNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimAirLoopMixer: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(MixerNum) +
-                               ", Number of Mixers=" + TrimSigDigits(NumMixers) + ", Mixer name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state, format("SimAirLoopMixer: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Mixers={}, Mixer name={}", MixerNum, NumMixers, CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(MixerNum)) {
                 if (CompName != MixerCond(MixerNum).MixerName) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimAirLoopMixer: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(MixerNum) + ", Mixer name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Mixer Name for that index=" + MixerCond(MixerNum).MixerName);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimAirLoopMixer: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Mixer name={}, stored Mixer Name for that index={}",
+                                          MixerNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          MixerCond(MixerNum).MixerName));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(MixerNum) = false;
             }
@@ -213,7 +212,6 @@ namespace MixerComponent {
         // Uses the status flags to trigger events.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -327,7 +325,7 @@ namespace MixerComponent {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + MixerCond(MixerNum).MixerName +
                                 " specifies an inlet node name the same as the outlet node.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, ".." + cAlphaFields(2) + " = " + NodeID(NodeNum));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Inlet Node #" + TrimSigDigits(InNodeNum1) + " is duplicate.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("..Inlet Node #{} is duplicate.", InNodeNum1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             for (InNodeNum1 = 1; InNodeNum1 <= MixerCond(MixerNum).NumInletNodes; ++InNodeNum1) {
@@ -335,8 +333,8 @@ namespace MixerComponent {
                     if (MixerCond(MixerNum).InletNode(InNodeNum1) != MixerCond(MixerNum).InletNode(InNodeNum2)) continue;
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + MixerCond(MixerNum).MixerName +
                                     " specifies duplicate inlet nodes in its inlet node list.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Inlet Node #" + TrimSigDigits(InNodeNum1) + " Name=" + NodeID(InNodeNum1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Inlet Node #" + TrimSigDigits(InNodeNum2) + " is duplicate.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..Inlet Node #{} Name={}", InNodeNum1, NodeID(InNodeNum1)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..Inlet Node #{} is duplicate.", InNodeNum2));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.cc
index 2593256d157..828586cab09 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.cc
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataErrorTracking.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/EMSManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.hh>
@@ -82,13 +81,6 @@ namespace NodeInputManager {
     // To provide utilities for reading and assigning indices for the
     // nodes in the HVAC loops.
 
-    // METHODOLOGY EMPLOYED:
-
-    // REFERENCES:
-
-    // OTHER NOTES:
-
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
     using namespace DataLoopNode;
     using namespace BranchNodeConnections;
 
@@ -218,7 +210,7 @@ namespace NodeInputManager {
         if (NodeFluidType != NodeType_Air && NodeFluidType != NodeType_Water && NodeFluidType != NodeType_Electric &&
             NodeFluidType != NodeType_Steam && NodeFluidType != NodeType_Unknown) {
             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + NodeObjectType + "=\"" + NodeObjectName + "\", invalid fluid type.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "..Invalid FluidType=" + std::to_string(NodeFluidType));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("..Invalid FluidType={}", NodeFluidType));
             ErrorsFound = true;
             ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding issue causes termination.");
         }
@@ -260,7 +252,7 @@ namespace NodeInputManager {
             if (NodeConnectionType >= 1 && NodeConnectionType <= NumValidConnectionTypes) {
                 ConnectionType = ValidConnectionTypes(NodeConnectionType);
             } else {
-                ConnectionType = TrimSigDigits(NodeConnectionType) + "-unknown";
+                ConnectionType = format("{}-unknown", NodeConnectionType);
             }
             // If requested, assign NodeFluidStream to the first node and increment the fluid stream number
             // for each remaining node in the list
@@ -632,7 +624,7 @@ namespace NodeInputManager {
                 NodeLists(NCount).NodeNumbers(Loop1) = AssignNodeNumber(state, NodeLists(NCount).NodeNames(Loop1), NodeType_Unknown, localErrorsFound);
                 if (UtilityRoutines::SameString(NodeLists(NCount).NodeNames(Loop1), NodeLists(NCount).Name)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphas(1) + "\", invalid node name in list.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Node " + TrimSigDigits(Loop1) + " Name=\"" + cAlphas(Loop1 + 1) + "\", duplicates NodeList Name.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... Node {} Name=\"{}\", duplicates NodeList Name.", Loop1, cAlphas(Loop1 + 1)));
                     localErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -645,9 +637,12 @@ namespace NodeInputManager {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphas(1) + "\" has duplicate nodes:");
                         flagError = false;
                     }
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...list item=" + TrimSigDigits(Loop1) + ", \"" + NodeID(NodeLists(NCount).NodeNumbers(Loop1)) +
-                                      "\", duplicate list item=" + TrimSigDigits(Loop2) + ", \"" + NodeID(NodeLists(NCount).NodeNumbers(Loop2)) +
-                                      "\".");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...list item={}, \"{}\", duplicate list item={}, \"{}\".",
+                                             Loop1,
+                                             NodeID(NodeLists(NCount).NodeNumbers(Loop1)),
+                                             Loop2,
+                                             NodeID(NodeLists(NCount).NodeNumbers(Loop2))));
                     localErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -659,8 +654,7 @@ namespace NodeInputManager {
                     if (Loop == Loop1) continue; // within a nodelist have already checked to see if node name duplicates nodelist name
                     if (!UtilityRoutines::SameString(NodeLists(Loop).NodeNames(Loop2), NodeLists(Loop1).Name)) continue;
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + NodeLists(Loop1).Name + "\", invalid node name in list.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Node " + TrimSigDigits(Loop2) + " Name=\"" + NodeLists(Loop).NodeNames(Loop2) +
-                                      "\", duplicates NodeList Name.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... Node {} Name=\"{}\", duplicates NodeList Name.", Loop2, NodeLists(Loop).NodeNames(Loop2)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... NodeList=\"" + NodeLists(Loop1).Name + "\", is duplicated.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... Items in NodeLists must not be the name of another NodeList.");
                     localErrorsFound = true;
@@ -719,7 +713,7 @@ namespace NodeInputManager {
 
         if (NodeFluidType != NodeType_Air && NodeFluidType != NodeType_Water && NodeFluidType != NodeType_Electric &&
             NodeFluidType != NodeType_Steam && NodeFluidType != NodeType_Unknown) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "AssignNodeNumber: Invalid FluidType=" + std::to_string(NodeFluidType));
+            ShowSevereError(state, format("AssignNodeNumber: Invalid FluidType={}", NodeFluidType));
             ErrorsFound = true;
             ShowFatalError(state, "AssignNodeNumber: Preceding issue causes termination.");
         }
@@ -869,7 +863,7 @@ namespace NodeInputManager {
             if (NodeConnectionType >= 1 && NodeConnectionType <= NumValidConnectionTypes) {
                 ConnectionType = ValidConnectionTypes(NodeConnectionType);
             } else {
-                ConnectionType = TrimSigDigits(NodeConnectionType) + "-unknown";
+                ConnectionType = format("{}-unknown", NodeConnectionType);
             }
             //    CALL RegisterNodeConnection(NodeNums(1),NodeID(NodeNums(1)),NodeObjectType,NodeObjectName,  &
             //                                  ConnectionType,NodeFluidStream,ObjectIsParent,errFlag)
@@ -1118,7 +1112,6 @@ namespace NodeInputManager {
         using FluidProperties::GetSatEnthalpyRefrig;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::NumOfGlycols;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
         using OutputProcessor::NumOfReqVariables;
         using OutputProcessor::ReqReportVariables;
         using OutputProcessor::ReqRepVars;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/OutdoorAirUnit.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/OutdoorAirUnit.cc
index 38955182dc9..fc64b9c1c3e 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/OutdoorAirUnit.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/OutdoorAirUnit.cc
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@
 // EnergyPlus Headers
 #include <EnergyPlus/Autosizing/Base.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DXCoils.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataAirSystems.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.hh>
@@ -64,11 +63,8 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSizing.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataSurfaceLists.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneEnergyDemands.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneEquipment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DesiccantDehumidifiers.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/EMSManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Fans.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
@@ -89,7 +85,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/PlantUtilities.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Psychrometrics.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/ScheduleManager.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/SimAirServingZones.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/SteamCoils.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/UnitarySystem.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.hh>
@@ -129,7 +124,6 @@ namespace OutdoorAirUnit {
     using namespace ScheduleManager;
     using namespace Psychrometrics;
     using namespace FluidProperties;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
     // component types addressed by this module
     std::string const cMO_OutdoorAirUnit("ZoneHVAC:OutdoorAirUnit");
@@ -237,7 +231,6 @@ namespace OutdoorAirUnit {
         // Standard EnergyPlus methodology.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int OAUnitNum; // index of outdoor air unit being simulated
@@ -259,13 +252,19 @@ namespace OutdoorAirUnit {
         } else {
             OAUnitNum = CompIndex;
             if (OAUnitNum > NumOfOAUnits || OAUnitNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimOutdoorAirUnit:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(OAUnitNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumOfOAUnits) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimOutdoorAirUnit:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      OAUnitNum,
+                                      NumOfOAUnits,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(OAUnitNum)) {
                 if (CompName != OutAirUnit(OAUnitNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimOutdoorAirUnit: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(OAUnitNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + OutAirUnit(OAUnitNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimOutdoorAirUnit: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          OAUnitNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          OutAirUnit(OAUnitNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(OAUnitNum) = false;
             }
@@ -323,7 +322,6 @@ namespace OutdoorAirUnit {
         using SteamCoils::GetSteamCoilIndex;
         using WaterCoils::CheckWaterCoilSchedule;
         using namespace DataLoopNode;
-        using namespace DataSurfaceLists;
         using OutAirNodeManager::CheckAndAddAirNodeNumber;
         using WaterCoils::GetCoilWaterInletNode;
         using WaterCoils::GetWaterCoilIndex;
@@ -551,8 +549,7 @@ namespace OutdoorAirUnit {
                 if (NumArray(2) != NumArray(1)) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFields(1) + " and " + cNumericFields(2) +
                                      " are not equal. This may cause unbalanced flow.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(1) + "=" + General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(1), 3) + " and " + cNumericFields(2) + "=" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(NumArray(2), 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("{}={:.3R}= and {}{:.3R}", cNumericFields(1), NumArray(1), cNumericFields(2), NumArray(2)));
                 }
             }
             // A8
@@ -1463,7 +1460,7 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CO_OAEqList), ComponentListName);
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_CoilWaterDetailedFlatCooling;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_CoilWaterSimpleHeating;
         using Fans::GetFanDesignVolumeFlowRate;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::SimHXAssistedCoolingCoil;
         using PlantUtilities::MyPlantSizingIndex;
         using SteamCoils::SimulateSteamCoilComponents;
@@ -1544,9 +1541,8 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CO_OAEqList), ComponentListName);
                                                              OutAirVolFlowDes);
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeOutdoorAirUnit: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:OutdoorAirUnit " +
                                             OutAirUnit(OAUnitNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(OutAirVolFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(OutAirVolFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", OutAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", OutAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1588,9 +1584,8 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CO_OAEqList), ComponentListName);
                                                              ExtAirVolFlowDes);
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeOutdoorAirUnit: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:OutdoorAirUnit " +
                                             OutAirUnit(OAUnitNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Exhaust Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(ExtAirVolFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Exhaust Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(ExtAirVolFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Exhaust Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", ExtAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Exhaust Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", ExtAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1713,7 +1708,6 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CO_OAEqList), ComponentListName);
         // USE STATEMENTS:
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using namespace DataZoneEnergyDemands;
         using DataEnvironment::CurMnDy;
         using DataEnvironment::EnvironmentName;
         using DataEnvironment::OutBaroPress;
@@ -1885,8 +1879,9 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CO_OAEqList), ComponentListName);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Air mass balance is required by other outdoor air units: Fan:ZoneExhaust, ZoneMixing, ZoneCrossMixing, or "
                                       "other air flow control inputs.");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
-                        "The outdoor mass flow rate = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutAirUnit(OAUnitNum).OutAirMassFlow, 3) +
-                        " and the exhaust mass flow rate = " + General::RoundSigDigits(OutAirUnit(OAUnitNum).ExtAirMassFlow, 3) + ".");
+                                               format("The outdoor mass flow rate = {:.3R} and the exhaust mass flow rate = {:.3R}.",
+                                                      OutAirUnit(OAUnitNum).OutAirMassFlow,
+                                                      OutAirUnit(OAUnitNum).ExtAirMassFlow));
                     OutAirUnit(OAUnitNum).FlowError = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -2135,7 +2130,6 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CO_OAEqList), ComponentListName);
         // USE STATEMENTS:
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using namespace DataZoneEnergyDemands;
         using DataEnvironment::CurMnDy;
         using DataEnvironment::EnvironmentName;
         using DataEnvironment::OutBaroPress;
@@ -2145,7 +2139,7 @@ CurrentModuleObjects(CO_OAEqList), ComponentListName);
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallLoad;
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
         using DesiccantDehumidifiers::SimDesiccantDehumidifier;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
         using HeatRecovery::SimHeatRecovery;
         using HVACDXHeatPumpSystem::SimDXHeatPumpSystem;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.cc
index c92829ced9b..ae7798689b3 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.cc
@@ -4144,8 +4144,7 @@ namespace OutputProcessor {
             break;
         default:
             if (sqlite) {
-                std::string str("Illegal reportingInterval passed to WriteTimeStampFormatData: " +
-                                fmt::to_string(static_cast<int>(reportingInterval)));
+                std::string str(format("Illegal reportingInterval passed to WriteTimeStampFormatData: {}", static_cast<int>(reportingInterval)));
                 sqlite->sqliteWriteMessage(str);
             }
             break;
@@ -5459,7 +5458,6 @@ void SetupOutputVariable(EnergyPlusData &state,
 
     // Using/Aliasing
     using namespace OutputProcessor;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
     // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
     int CV;
@@ -5701,7 +5699,6 @@ void SetupOutputVariable(EnergyPlusData &state,
 
     // Using/Aliasing
     using namespace OutputProcessor;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
     // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
     int CV;
@@ -6986,7 +6983,6 @@ void SetInitialMeterReportingAndOutputNames(EnergyPlusData &state,
 
     // Using/Aliasing
     using namespace OutputProcessor;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
     // Locals
     // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -7050,7 +7046,7 @@ void SetInitialMeterReportingAndOutputNames(EnergyPlusData &state,
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).TSAccRptNum,
                                          indexGroupKey,
                                          indexGroup,
-                                         TrimSigDigits(EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).TSAccRptNum),
+                                         fmt::to_string(EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).TSAccRptNum),
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).Name,
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).Units,
                                          true,
@@ -7104,7 +7100,7 @@ void SetInitialMeterReportingAndOutputNames(EnergyPlusData &state,
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).HRAccRptNum,
                                          indexGroupKey,
                                          indexGroup,
-                                         TrimSigDigits(EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).HRAccRptNum),
+                                         fmt::to_string(EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).HRAccRptNum),
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).Name,
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).Units,
                                          true,
@@ -7158,7 +7154,7 @@ void SetInitialMeterReportingAndOutputNames(EnergyPlusData &state,
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).DYAccRptNum,
                                          indexGroupKey,
                                          indexGroup,
-                                         TrimSigDigits(EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).DYAccRptNum),
+                                         fmt::to_string(EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).DYAccRptNum),
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).Name,
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).Units,
                                          true,
@@ -7212,7 +7208,7 @@ void SetInitialMeterReportingAndOutputNames(EnergyPlusData &state,
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).MNAccRptNum,
                                          indexGroupKey,
                                          indexGroup,
-                                         TrimSigDigits(EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).MNAccRptNum),
+                                         fmt::to_string(EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).MNAccRptNum),
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).Name,
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).Units,
                                          true,
@@ -7266,7 +7262,7 @@ void SetInitialMeterReportingAndOutputNames(EnergyPlusData &state,
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).YRAccRptNum,
                                          indexGroupKey,
                                          indexGroup,
-                                         TrimSigDigits(EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).YRAccRptNum),
+                                         fmt::to_string(EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).YRAccRptNum),
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).Name,
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).Units,
                                          true,
@@ -7320,7 +7316,7 @@ void SetInitialMeterReportingAndOutputNames(EnergyPlusData &state,
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).SMAccRptNum,
                                          indexGroupKey,
                                          indexGroup,
-                                         TrimSigDigits(EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).SMAccRptNum),
+                                         fmt::to_string(EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).SMAccRptNum),
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).Name,
                                          EnergyMeters(WhichMeter).Units,
                                          true,
@@ -7712,11 +7708,10 @@ Real64 GetInternalVariableValue(EnergyPlusData &state,
     } else if (varType == 1) { // Integer
         if (keyVarIndex > NumOfIVariable) {
             ShowFatalError(state, "GetInternalVariableValue: Integer variable passed index beyond range of array.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Index = " + General::TrimSigDigits(keyVarIndex) +
-                              " Number of integer variables = " + General::TrimSigDigits(NumOfIVariable));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Index = {} Number of integer variables = {}", keyVarIndex, NumOfIVariable));
         }
         if (keyVarIndex < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "GetInternalVariableValue: Integer variable passed index <1. Index = " + General::TrimSigDigits(keyVarIndex));
+            ShowFatalError(state, format("GetInternalVariableValue: Integer variable passed index <1. Index = {}", keyVarIndex));
         }
 
         // must use %Which, %Value is always zero if variable is not a requested report variable
@@ -7724,11 +7719,10 @@ Real64 GetInternalVariableValue(EnergyPlusData &state,
     } else if (varType == 2) { // real
         if (keyVarIndex > NumOfRVariable) {
             ShowFatalError(state, "GetInternalVariableValue: Real variable passed index beyond range of array.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Index = " + General::TrimSigDigits(keyVarIndex) +
-                              " Number of real variables = " + General::TrimSigDigits(NumOfRVariable));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Index = {} Number of real variables = {}", keyVarIndex, NumOfRVariable));
         }
         if (keyVarIndex < 1) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "GetInternalVariableValue: Integer variable passed index <1. Index = " + General::TrimSigDigits(keyVarIndex));
+            ShowFatalError(state, format("GetInternalVariableValue: Integer variable passed index <1. Index = {}", keyVarIndex));
         }
 
         // must use %Which, %Value is always zero if variable is not a requested report variable
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/OutputReportTabular.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/OutputReportTabular.cc
index 65adc2bcd6d..ac28537986d 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/OutputReportTabular.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/OutputReportTabular.cc
@@ -122,7 +122,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/ScheduleManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/ThermalComfort.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/VariableSpeedCoils.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/VentilatedSlab.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/WaterThermalTanks.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/WeatherManager.hh>
@@ -1946,7 +1945,7 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
         using DataStringGlobals::CharComma;
         using DataStringGlobals::CharSpace;
         using DataStringGlobals::CharTab;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using OutputProcessor::EndUseCategory;
         using OutputProcessor::MaxNumSubcategories;
         using OutputReportPredefined::numReportName;
@@ -2228,8 +2227,10 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
                     }
                 }
                 if (!nameFound) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " Field[" + RoundSigDigits(iReport) + "]=\"" + AlphArray(iReport) +
-                                    "\", invalid report name -- will not be reported.");
+                    ShowSevereError(
+                        state,
+                        format(
+                            "{} Field[{}]=\"{}\", invalid report name -- will not be reported.", CurrentModuleObject, iReport, AlphArray(iReport)));
                     //      ErrorsFound=.TRUE.
                 }
             }
@@ -2497,7 +2498,6 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataOutputs;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -2581,14 +2581,17 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
         namedMonthly(63).title = "HeatEmissionsReportMonthly";
 
         if (numNamedMonthly != NumMonthlyReports) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "InitializePredefinedMonthlyTitles: Number of Monthly Reports in OutputReportTabular=[" + RoundSigDigits(numNamedMonthly) +
-                           "] does not match number in DataOutputs=[" + RoundSigDigits(NumMonthlyReports) + "].");
+            ShowFatalError(state,
+                           format("InitializePredefinedMonthlyTitles: Number of Monthly Reports in OutputReportTabular=[{}] does not match number in "
+                                  "DataOutputs=[{}].",
+                                  numNamedMonthly,
+                                  NumMonthlyReports));
         } else {
             for (xcount = 1; xcount <= numNamedMonthly; ++xcount) {
                 if (!UtilityRoutines::SameString(MonthlyNamedReports(xcount), namedMonthly(xcount).title)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state,
                         "InitializePredefinedMonthlyTitles: Monthly Report Titles in OutputReportTabular do not match titles in DataOutput.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "first mismatch at ORT [" + RoundSigDigits(numNamedMonthly) + "] =\"" + namedMonthly(xcount).title + "\".");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("first mismatch at ORT [{}] =\"{}\".", numNamedMonthly, namedMonthly(xcount).title));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "same location in DO =\"" + MonthlyNamedReports(xcount) + "\".");
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding condition causes termination.");
                 }
@@ -6412,7 +6415,7 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
         using DataOutputs::iTotalAutoCalculatableFields;
         using DataOutputs::iTotalAutoSizableFields;
         using DataOutputs::iTotalFieldsWithDefaults;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleName;
         using ScheduleManager::ScheduleAverageHoursPerWeek;
 
@@ -7301,7 +7304,7 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
             tableBody(1, 1) = "less than";
             tableBody(1, 2) = RealToStr(curIntervalStart, numIntervalDigits);
             for (nCol = 1; nCol <= curIntervalCount; ++nCol) {
-                columnHead(nCol + 1) = std::to_string(nCol) + " [hr]";
+                columnHead(nCol + 1) = format("{} [hr]", nCol);
                 // beginning of interval
                 tableBody(nCol + 1, 1) = RealToStr(curIntervalStart + (nCol - 1) * curIntervalSize, numIntervalDigits) + "<=";
                 // end of interval
@@ -7581,26 +7584,29 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
             collapsedTotal(13) = gatherTotalsBEPS(7);                       // water
 
             if (state.dataGlobal->createPerfLog) {
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Electricity ABUPS Total [J]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(1), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Natural Gas ABUPS Total [J]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(2), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Gasoline ABUPS Total [J]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(3), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Diesel ABUPS Total [J]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(4), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Coal ABUPS Total [J]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(5), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Fuel Oil No 1 ABUPS Total [J]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(6), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Fuel Oil No 2 ABUPS Total [J]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(7), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Propane ABUPS Total [J]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(8), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Other Fuel 1 ABUPS Total [J]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(9), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Other Fuel 2 ABUPS Total [J]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(10), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "District Cooling ABUPS Total [J]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(11), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "District Heating ABUPS Total [J]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(12), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Water ABUPS Total [m3]", General::RoundSigDigits(collapsedTotal(13), 3));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Values Gathered Over [hours]", General::RoundSigDigits(gatherElapsedTimeBEPS, 2));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Facility Any Zone Oscillating Temperatures Time [hours]",
-                                               General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->AnnualAnyZoneTempOscillate, 2));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Facility Any Zone Oscillating Temperatures During Occupancy Time [hours]",
-                                               General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->AnnualAnyZoneTempOscillateDuringOccupancy, 2));
-                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Facility Any Zone Oscillating Temperatures in Deadband Time [hours]",
-                                               General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->AnnualAnyZoneTempOscillateInDeadband, 2));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Electricity ABUPS Total [J]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(1)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Natural Gas ABUPS Total [J]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(2)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Gasoline ABUPS Total [J]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(3)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Diesel ABUPS Total [J]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(4)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Coal ABUPS Total [J]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(5)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Fuel Oil No 1 ABUPS Total [J]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(6)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Fuel Oil No 2 ABUPS Total [J]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(7)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Propane ABUPS Total [J]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(8)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Other Fuel 1 ABUPS Total [J]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(9)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Other Fuel 2 ABUPS Total [J]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(10)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "District Cooling ABUPS Total [J]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(11)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "District Heating ABUPS Total [J]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(12)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Water ABUPS Total [m3]", format("{:.3R}", collapsedTotal(13)));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Values Gathered Over [hours]", format("{:.2R}", gatherElapsedTimeBEPS));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state,
+                                               "Facility Any Zone Oscillating Temperatures Time [hours]",
+                                               format("{:.2R}", state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->AnnualAnyZoneTempOscillate));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state,
+                                               "Facility Any Zone Oscillating Temperatures During Occupancy Time [hours]",
+                                               format("{:.2R}", state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->AnnualAnyZoneTempOscillateDuringOccupancy));
+                UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state,
+                                               "Facility Any Zone Oscillating Temperatures in Deadband Time [hours]",
+                                               format("{:.2R}", state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->AnnualAnyZoneTempOscillateInDeadband));
             }
             for (size_t jEndUse = 1; jEndUse <= DataGlobalConstants::iEndUse.size(); ++jEndUse) {
                 for (kEndUseSub = 1; kEndUseSub <= EndUseCategory(jEndUse).NumSubcategories; ++kEndUseSub) {
@@ -10189,7 +10195,7 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
         columnWidth = {7, 30, 16, 10, 16, 16}; // array assignment - for all columns
 
         for (item = 1; item <= state.dataCostEstimateManager->NumLineItems; ++item) {
-            tableBody(1, item) = std::to_string(state.dataCostEstimateManager->CostLineItem(item).LineNumber);
+            tableBody(1, item) = fmt::to_string(state.dataCostEstimateManager->CostLineItem(item).LineNumber);
             tableBody(2, item) = state.dataCostEstimateManager->CostLineItem(item).LineName;
             if (unitsStyle == unitsStyleInchPound) {
                 LookupSItoIP(state, state.dataCostEstimateManager->CostLineItem(item).Units, unitConvIndex, IPunitName);
@@ -10282,7 +10288,7 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
         using DataSurfaces::SurfaceClass;
         using DataSurfaces::TotSurfaces;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SafeDivide;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleName;
         using ScheduleManager::ScheduleAverageHoursPerWeek;
@@ -10482,7 +10488,7 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
             tableBody(1, 8) = RealToStr(BuildingAzimuth, 2);           // north axis angle
             tableBody(1, 9) = RealToStr(BuildingRotationAppendixG, 2); // Rotation for Appendix G
             tableBody(1, 10) = RealToStr(gatherElapsedTimeBEPS, 2);    // hours simulated
-            //  tableBody(9,1) = TRIM(std::to_string(numTableEntry)) !number of table entries for predefined tables
+            //  tableBody(9,1) = TRIM(fmt::to_string(numTableEntry)) !number of table entries for predefined tables
 
             WriteSubtitle("General");
             WriteTable(state, tableBody, rowHead, columnHead, columnWidth);
@@ -10865,8 +10871,10 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
                 if (pdiff > 0.019) {
                     ShowWarningError(state,
                         "WriteVeriSumTable: InputVerificationsAndResultsSummary: Wall area based on [>=60,<=120] degrees (tilt) as walls");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs ~" + RoundSigDigits(pdiff * 100.0, 1) +
-                                      "% from user entered Wall class surfaces. Degree calculation based on ASHRAE 90.1 wall definitions.");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("differs ~{:.1R}% from user entered Wall class surfaces. Degree calculation based on ASHRAE 90.1 wall definitions.",
+                               pdiff * 100.0));
                     //      CALL ShowContinueError(state, 'Calculated based on degrees=['//  &
                     //         TRIM(ADJUSTL(RealToStr((wallAreaN + wallAreaS + wallAreaE + wallAreaW),3)))//  &
                     //         '] m2, Calculated from user entered Wall class surfaces=['//  &
@@ -12085,7 +12093,7 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
                                 ++rowNum;
                                 if (rowNum > countOfMatchingLines) break; // should never happen since same test as original could
                                 std::vector<std::string> dataFields = splitCommaString(bodyLine);
-                                rowHead(rowNum) = std::to_string(rowNum);
+                                rowHead(rowNum) = fmt::to_string(rowNum);
                                 for (int iCol = 1; iCol <= numCols && iCol < int(dataFields.size()); ++iCol) {
                                     if (unitsStyle == unitsStyleInchPound || unitsStyle == unitsStyleJtoKWH) {
                                         if (isNumber(dataFields[iCol]) && colUnitConv(iCol) > 0) { // if it is a number that has a conversion
@@ -13654,9 +13662,10 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
             if (isCooling) {
                 // Time of Peak Load
                 if ((size_t)desDaySelected <= state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput.size()) {
-                    compLoad.peakDateHrMin = General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(desDaySelected).Month) + "/" +
-                                             General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(desDaySelected).DayOfMonth) + " " +
-                                             coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, timeOfMax);
+                    compLoad.peakDateHrMin = format("{}/{} {}",
+                                                    state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(desDaySelected).Month,
+                                                    state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(desDaySelected).DayOfMonth,
+                                                    coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, timeOfMax));
                 } else {
                     compLoad.peakDateHrMin = CoolPeakDateHrMin(zoneIndex);
                 }
@@ -13707,9 +13716,10 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
             } else {
                 // Time of Peak Load
                 if ((size_t)desDaySelected <= state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput.size()) {
-                    compLoad.peakDateHrMin = General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(desDaySelected).Month) + "/" +
-                                             General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(desDaySelected).DayOfMonth) + " " +
-                                             coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, timeOfMax);
+                    compLoad.peakDateHrMin = format("{}/{} {}",
+                                                    state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(desDaySelected).Month,
+                                                    state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(desDaySelected).DayOfMonth,
+                                                    coilSelectionReportObj->getTimeText(state, timeOfMax));
                 } else {
                     compLoad.peakDateHrMin = HeatPeakDateHrMin(zoneIndex);
                 }
@@ -14365,7 +14375,7 @@ namespace OutputReportTabular {
 
                     columnHead(1) = "Zone Name";
                     for (int zi = 1; zi <= maxRow; ++zi) {
-                        rowHead(zi) = std::to_string(zi);
+                        rowHead(zi) = fmt::to_string(zi);
                         if (curCompLoad.zoneIndices(zi) > 0) {
                             tableBody(1, zi) = Zone(curCompLoad.zoneIndices(zi)).Name;
                         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/OutputReports.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/OutputReports.cc
index 401814b8f99..0a3c7cedc0b 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/OutputReports.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/OutputReports.cc
@@ -227,7 +227,6 @@ void LinesOut(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &option)
     // Using/Aliasing
     using namespace DataHeatBalance;
     using namespace DataSurfaces;
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
     // Locals
     // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -508,7 +507,6 @@ void DXFOut(EnergyPlusData &state,
     using DataDaylighting::TotIllumMaps;
     using DataStringGlobals::VerString;
     using namespace DXFEarClipping;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
     // Locals
     // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -841,7 +839,7 @@ void DXFOut(EnergyPlusData &state,
         for (int mapnum = 1; mapnum <= TotIllumMaps; ++mapnum) {
             if (IllumMapCalc(mapnum).Zone != zones) continue;
             for (int refpt = 1; refpt <= IllumMapCalc(mapnum).TotalMapRefPoints; ++refpt) {
-                print(dxffile, Format_710, Zone(zones).Name + ":MapRefPt:" + TrimSigDigits(refpt));
+                print(dxffile, Format_710, format("{}:MapRefPt:{}", Zone(zones).Name, refpt));
                 print(dxffile,
                       Format_709,
                       normalizeName(Zone(zones).Name),
@@ -885,7 +883,6 @@ void DXFOutLines(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &ColorScheme)
     using namespace DataSurfaceColors;
     using DataDaylighting::ZoneDaylight;
     using DataStringGlobals::VerString;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
     // Locals
     // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -949,7 +946,7 @@ void DXFOutLines(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &ColorScheme)
             print(dxffile, Format_710, "Building Shading:" + Surface(surf).Name);
         }
         ++surfcount;
-        ShadeType += "_" + fmt::to_string(surfcount);
+        ShadeType += format("_{}", surfcount);
         Real64 minz = 99999.0;
         for (int vert = 1; vert <= Surface(surf).Sides; ++vert) {
             minz = min(minz, Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z);
@@ -997,7 +994,7 @@ void DXFOutLines(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &ColorScheme)
             ++surfcount;
 
             print(dxffile, Format_710, Surface(surf).ZoneName + ':' + Surface(surf).Name);
-            TempZoneName += "_" + fmt::to_string(surfcount);
+            TempZoneName += format("_{}", surfcount);
             Real64 minz = 99999.0;
             for (int vert = 1; vert <= Surface(surf).Sides; ++vert) {
                 minz = min(minz, Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z);
@@ -1039,7 +1036,7 @@ void DXFOutLines(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &ColorScheme)
             ++surfcount;
 
             print(dxffile, Format_710, Surface(surf).ZoneName + ':' + Surface(surf).Name);
-            TempZoneName += "_" + fmt::to_string(surfcount);
+            TempZoneName += format("_{}", surfcount);
             Real64 minz = 99999.0;
             for (int vert = 1; vert <= Surface(surf).Sides; ++vert) {
                 minz = min(minz, Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z);
@@ -1097,7 +1094,6 @@ void DXFOutWireFrame(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &ColorScheme)
     using namespace DataSurfaceColors;
     using DataDaylighting::ZoneDaylight;
     using DataStringGlobals::VerString;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
     // Locals
     // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1161,7 +1157,7 @@ void DXFOutWireFrame(EnergyPlusData &state, std::string const &ColorScheme)
             print(dxffile, Format_710, "Building Shading:" + Surface(surf).Name);
         }
         ++surfcount;
-        ShadeType += "_" + fmt::to_string(surfcount);
+        ShadeType += format("_{}", surfcount);
         Real64 minz = 99999.0;
         for (int vert = 1; vert <= Surface(surf).Sides; ++vert) {
             minz = min(minz, Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z);
@@ -1265,8 +1261,6 @@ void DetailsForSurfaces(EnergyPlusData &state, int const RptType) // (1=Vertices
     // Using/Aliasing
     using namespace DataHeatBalance;
     using namespace DataSurfaces;
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
     using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMaxValue;
     using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMinValue;
     using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleName;
@@ -1381,44 +1375,44 @@ void DetailsForSurfaces(EnergyPlusData &state, int const RptType) // (1=Vertices
             if (RptType == 10) {
                 if (Surface(surf).SchedShadowSurfIndex > 0) {
                     ScheduleName = GetScheduleName(state, Surface(surf).SchedShadowSurfIndex);
-                    cSchedMin = RoundSigDigits(GetScheduleMinValue(state, Surface(surf).SchedShadowSurfIndex), 2);
-                    cSchedMax = RoundSigDigits(GetScheduleMaxValue(state, Surface(surf).SchedShadowSurfIndex), 2);
+                    cSchedMin = format("{:.2R}", GetScheduleMinValue(state, Surface(surf).SchedShadowSurfIndex));
+                    cSchedMax = format("{:.2R}", GetScheduleMaxValue(state, Surface(surf).SchedShadowSurfIndex));
                 } else {
                     ScheduleName = "";
                     cSchedMin = "0.0";
                     cSchedMax = "0.0";
                 }
-                *eiostream << ScheduleName << "," << cSchedMin << "," << cSchedMax << "," << ' ' << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Area, 2)
-                           << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).GrossArea, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).NetAreaShadowCalc, 2) << ","
-                           << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Azimuth, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Tilt, 2) << ","
-                           << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Width, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Height, 2) << ",";
-                *eiostream << ",,,,,,,,,," << TrimSigDigits(Surface(surf).Sides) << '\n';
+                *eiostream << ScheduleName << "," << cSchedMin << "," << cSchedMax << "," << ' ' << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Area) << ","
+                           << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).GrossArea) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).NetAreaShadowCalc) << ","
+                           << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Azimuth) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Tilt) << ","
+                           << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Width) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Height) << ",";
+                *eiostream << ",,,,,,,,,," << fmt::to_string(Surface(surf).Sides) << '\n';
             } else if (RptType == 1) {
-                *eiostream << TrimSigDigits(Surface(surf).Sides) << ",";
+                *eiostream << fmt::to_string(Surface(surf).Sides) << ",";
             } else {
                 if (Surface(surf).SchedShadowSurfIndex > 0) {
                     ScheduleName = GetScheduleName(state, Surface(surf).SchedShadowSurfIndex);
-                    cSchedMin = RoundSigDigits(GetScheduleMinValue(state, Surface(surf).SchedShadowSurfIndex), 2);
-                    cSchedMax = RoundSigDigits(GetScheduleMaxValue(state, Surface(surf).SchedShadowSurfIndex), 2);
+                    cSchedMin = format("{:.2R}", GetScheduleMinValue(state, Surface(surf).SchedShadowSurfIndex));
+                    cSchedMax = format("{:.2R}", GetScheduleMaxValue(state, Surface(surf).SchedShadowSurfIndex));
                 } else {
                     ScheduleName = "";
                     cSchedMin = "0.0";
                     cSchedMax = "0.0";
                 }
-                *eiostream << ScheduleName << "," << cSchedMin << "," << cSchedMax << "," << ' ' << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Area, 2)
-                           << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).GrossArea, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).NetAreaShadowCalc, 2) << ","
-                           << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Azimuth, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Tilt, 2) << ","
-                           << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Width, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Height, 2) << ",";
-                *eiostream << ",,,,,,,,,," << TrimSigDigits(Surface(surf).Sides) << ",";
+                *eiostream << ScheduleName << "," << cSchedMin << "," << cSchedMax << "," << ' ' << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Area) << ","
+                           << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).GrossArea) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).NetAreaShadowCalc) << ","
+                           << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Azimuth) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Tilt) << ","
+                           << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Width) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Height) << ",";
+                *eiostream << ",,,,,,,,,," << fmt::to_string(Surface(surf).Sides) << ",";
             }
             if (RptType == 10) continue;
             for (vert = 1; vert <= Surface(surf).Sides; ++vert) {
                 if (vert != Surface(surf).Sides) {
-                    *eiostream << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).x, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).y, 2) << ","
-                               << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z, 2) << ",";
+                    *eiostream << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).x) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).y) << ","
+                               << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z) << ",";
                 } else {
-                    *eiostream << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).x, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).y, 2) << ","
-                               << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z, 2) << '\n';
+                    *eiostream << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).x) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).y) << ","
+                               << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z) << '\n';
                 }
             }
             //  This shouldn't happen with shading surface -- always have vertices
@@ -1509,7 +1503,7 @@ void DetailsForSurfaces(EnergyPlusData &state, int const RptType) // (1=Vertices
                         }
                     }
                     if (cNominalUwithConvCoeffs == "") {
-                        cNominalUwithConvCoeffs = RoundSigDigits(NominalUwithConvCoeffs, 3);
+                        cNominalUwithConvCoeffs = format("{:.3R}", NominalUwithConvCoeffs);
                     } else {
                         cNominalUwithConvCoeffs = "[invalid]";
                     }
@@ -1522,7 +1516,7 @@ void DetailsForSurfaces(EnergyPlusData &state, int const RptType) // (1=Vertices
                             SolarDiffusing = "No";
                         }
                     } else {
-                        cNominalU = RoundSigDigits(NominalU(Surface(surf).Construction), 3);
+                        cNominalU = format("{:.3R}", NominalU(Surface(surf).Construction));
                     }
                 } else {
                     cNominalUwithConvCoeffs = "**";
@@ -1531,10 +1525,10 @@ void DetailsForSurfaces(EnergyPlusData &state, int const RptType) // (1=Vertices
                 }
 
                 *eiostream << ConstructionName << "," << cNominalU << "," << cNominalUwithConvCoeffs << "," << SolarDiffusing << ","
-                           << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Area, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).GrossArea, 2) << ","
-                           << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).NetAreaShadowCalc, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Azimuth, 2) << ","
-                           << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Tilt, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Width, 2) << ","
-                           << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Height, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Reveal, 2) << ",";
+                           << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Area) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).GrossArea) << ","
+                           << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).NetAreaShadowCalc) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Azimuth) << ","
+                           << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Tilt) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Width) << ","
+                           << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Height) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Reveal) << ",";
                 if (Surface(surf).IntConvCoeff > 0) {
                     {
                         auto const SELECT_CASE_var(UserIntConvectionCoeffs(Surface(surf).IntConvCoeff).OverrideType);
@@ -1613,20 +1607,20 @@ void DetailsForSurfaces(EnergyPlusData &state, int const RptType) // (1=Vertices
                                << ",";
                 }
                 if (RptType == 10) {
-                    *eiostream << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).ViewFactorGround, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).ViewFactorSky, 2) << ","
-                               << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).ViewFactorGroundIR, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).ViewFactorSkyIR, 2)
-                               << "," << TrimSigDigits(Surface(surf).Sides) << '\n';
+                    *eiostream << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).ViewFactorGround) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).ViewFactorSky) << ","
+                               << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).ViewFactorGroundIR) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).ViewFactorSkyIR) << ","
+                               << fmt::to_string(Surface(surf).Sides) << '\n';
                 } else {
-                    *eiostream << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).ViewFactorGround, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).ViewFactorSky, 2) << ","
-                               << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).ViewFactorGroundIR, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).ViewFactorSkyIR, 2)
-                               << "," << TrimSigDigits(Surface(surf).Sides) << ",";
+                    *eiostream << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).ViewFactorGround) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).ViewFactorSky) << ","
+                               << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).ViewFactorGroundIR) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).ViewFactorSkyIR) << ","
+                               << fmt::to_string(Surface(surf).Sides) << ",";
                     for (vert = 1; vert <= Surface(surf).Sides; ++vert) {
                         if (vert != Surface(surf).Sides) {
-                            *eiostream << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).x, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).y, 2)
-                                       << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z, 2) << ",";
+                            *eiostream << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).x) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).y)
+                                       << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z) << ",";
                         } else {
-                            *eiostream << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).x, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).y, 2)
-                                       << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z, 2) << '\n';
+                            *eiostream << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).x) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).y)
+                                       << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z) << '\n';
                         }
                     }
                     if (Surface(surf).Sides == 0) *eiostream << '\n';
@@ -1659,10 +1653,10 @@ void DetailsForSurfaces(EnergyPlusData &state, int const RptType) // (1=Vertices
                         }
                         *eiostream << "Frame/Divider Surface," << FrameDivider(fd).Name << ","
                                    << "Frame," << Surface(surf).Name << "," << AlgoName << ",";
-                        *eiostream << ",N/A,N/A,," << RoundSigDigits(SurfWinFrameArea(surf), 2) << ","
-                                   << RoundSigDigits(SurfWinFrameArea(surf) / Surface(surf).Multiplier, 2) << ",*"
+                        *eiostream << ",N/A,N/A,," << format("{:.2R}", SurfWinFrameArea(surf)) << ","
+                                   << format("{:.2R}", SurfWinFrameArea(surf) / Surface(surf).Multiplier) << ",*"
                                    << ",N/A"
-                                   << ",N/A," << RoundSigDigits(FrameDivider(fd).FrameWidth, 2) << ",N/A" << '\n';
+                                   << ",N/A," << format("{:.2R}", FrameDivider(fd).FrameWidth) << ",N/A" << '\n';
                     }
                     if (FrameDivider(fd).DividerWidth > 0.0) {
                         if (FrameDivider(fd).DividerType == DividedLite) {
@@ -1672,10 +1666,10 @@ void DetailsForSurfaces(EnergyPlusData &state, int const RptType) // (1=Vertices
                             *eiostream << "Frame/Divider Surface," << FrameDivider(fd).Name << ","
                                        << "Divider:Suspended," << Surface(surf).Name << ",,";
                         }
-                        *eiostream << ",N/A,N/A,," << RoundSigDigits(SurfWinDividerArea(surf), 2) << ","
-                                   << RoundSigDigits(SurfWinDividerArea(surf) / Surface(surf).Multiplier, 2) << ",*"
+                        *eiostream << ",N/A,N/A,," << format("{:.2R}", SurfWinDividerArea(surf)) << ","
+                                   << format("{:.2R}", SurfWinDividerArea(surf) / Surface(surf).Multiplier) << ",*"
                                    << ",N/A"
-                                   << ",N/A," << RoundSigDigits(FrameDivider(fd).DividerWidth, 2) << ",N/A" << '\n';
+                                   << ",N/A," << format("{:.2R}", FrameDivider(fd).DividerWidth) << ",N/A" << '\n';
                     }
                 }
             } else { // RptType=1  Vertices only
@@ -1710,14 +1704,14 @@ void DetailsForSurfaces(EnergyPlusData &state, int const RptType) // (1=Vertices
                 }
                 *eiostream << "HeatTransfer Surface," << Surface(surf).Name << "," << cSurfaceClass(Surface(surf).Class) << "," << BaseSurfName << ","
                            << AlgoName << ",";
-                *eiostream << TrimSigDigits(Surface(surf).Sides) << ",";
+                *eiostream << fmt::to_string(Surface(surf).Sides) << ",";
                 for (vert = 1; vert <= Surface(surf).Sides; ++vert) {
                     if (vert != Surface(surf).Sides) {
-                        *eiostream << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).x, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).y, 2) << ","
-                                   << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z, 2) << ",";
+                        *eiostream << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).x) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).y) << ","
+                                   << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z) << ",";
                     } else {
-                        *eiostream << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).x, 2) << "," << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).y, 2) << ","
-                                   << RoundSigDigits(Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z, 2) << '\n';
+                        *eiostream << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).x) << "," << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).y) << ","
+                                   << format("{:.2R}", Surface(surf).Vertex(vert).z) << '\n';
                     }
                 }
                 if (Surface(surf).Sides == 0) *eiostream << '\n';
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/OutsideEnergySources.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/OutsideEnergySources.cc
index 8710c566608..7a6591ae9ed 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/OutsideEnergySources.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/OutsideEnergySources.cc
@@ -451,9 +451,8 @@ namespace OutsideEnergySources {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(NomCapDes - NomCapUser) / NomCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeDistrict" + typeName + ": Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomCapDes, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NomCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NomCapDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PVWatts.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PVWatts.cc
index 934d9a44564..007df403170 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PVWatts.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PVWatts.cc
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ namespace PVWatts {
         : m_lastCellTemperature(20.0), m_lastPlaneOfArrayIrradiance(0.0), m_cellTemperature(20.0), m_planeOfArrayIrradiance(0.0),
           m_outputDCPower(1000.0)
     {
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         bool errorsFound(false);
 
         if (name.empty()) {
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ namespace PVWatts {
         }
 
         if (systemLosses > 1.0 || systemLosses < 0.0) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "PVWatts: Invalid system loss value " + RoundSigDigits(systemLosses, 2));
+            ShowSevereError(state, format("PVWatts: Invalid system loss value {:.2R}", systemLosses));
             errorsFound = true;
         }
         m_systemLosses = systemLosses;
@@ -156,17 +156,17 @@ namespace PVWatts {
 
         if (m_geometryType == GeometryType::TILT_AZIMUTH) {
             if (tilt < 0 || tilt > 90) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "PVWatts: Invalid tilt: " + RoundSigDigits(tilt, 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("PVWatts: Invalid tilt: {:.2R}", tilt));
                 errorsFound = true;
             }
             m_tilt = tilt;
             if (azimuth < 0 || azimuth >= 360) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "PVWatts: Invalid azimuth: " + RoundSigDigits(azimuth, 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("PVWatts: Invalid azimuth: {:.2R}", azimuth));
             }
             m_azimuth = azimuth;
         } else if (m_geometryType == GeometryType::SURFACE) {
             if (surfaceNum == 0 || surfaceNum > DataSurfaces::Surface.size()) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "PVWatts: SurfaceNum not in Surfaces: " + std::to_string(surfaceNum));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("PVWatts: SurfaceNum not in Surfaces: {}", surfaceNum));
                 errorsFound = true;
             } else {
                 m_surfaceNum = surfaceNum;
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ namespace PVWatts {
         }
 
         if (groundCoverageRatio > 1.0 || groundCoverageRatio < 0.0) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "PVWatts: Invalid ground coverage ratio: " + RoundSigDigits(groundCoverageRatio, 2));
+            ShowSevereError(state, format("PVWatts: Invalid ground coverage ratio: {:.2R}", groundCoverageRatio));
             errorsFound = true;
         }
         m_groundCoverageRatio = groundCoverageRatio;
@@ -460,8 +460,6 @@ namespace PVWatts {
     PVWattsGenerator::powerout(EnergyPlusData &state, Real64 &shad_beam, Real64 shad_diff, Real64 dni, Real64 alb, Real64 wspd, Real64 tdry, IrradianceOutput &irr_st)
     {
 
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-
         const Real64 &gcr = m_groundCoverageRatio;
 
         Real64 poa, tpoa, pvt, dc;
@@ -501,14 +499,14 @@ namespace PVWatts {
                     if (Fskydiff >= 0 && Fskydiff <= 1)
                         irr_st.iskydiff *= Fskydiff;
                     else
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "PVWatts: sky diffuse reduction factor invalid: fskydiff=" + RoundSigDigits(Fskydiff, 7) +
-                                         ", stilt=" + RoundSigDigits(irr_st.stilt, 7));
+                        ShowWarningError(
+                            state, format("PVWatts: sky diffuse reduction factor invalid: fskydiff={:.7R}, stilt={:.7R}", Fskydiff, irr_st.stilt));
 
                     if (Fgnddiff >= 0 && Fgnddiff <= 1)
                         irr_st.ignddiff *= Fgnddiff;
                     else
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "PVWatts: gnd diffuse reduction factor invalid: fgnddiff=" + RoundSigDigits(Fgnddiff, 7) +
-                                         ", stilt=" + RoundSigDigits(irr_st.stilt, 7));
+                        ShowWarningError(
+                            state, format("PVWatts: gnd diffuse reduction factor invalid: fgnddiff={:.7R}, stilt={:.7R}", Fgnddiff, irr_st.stilt));
                 }
             }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PackagedTerminalHeatPump.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PackagedTerminalHeatPump.cc
index ef6656abd0a..3f215a926d2 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PackagedTerminalHeatPump.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PackagedTerminalHeatPump.cc
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
         // Manages the simulation of a packaged terminal heat pump. Called from SimZoneEquipment.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using namespace DataZoneEnergyDemands;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::TempControlType;
         using DataZoneEquipment::PkgTermACAirToAir_Num;
@@ -304,13 +304,19 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                 }
             }
             if (PTUnitNum > NumPTUs || PTUnitNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimPackagedTerminalUnit:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(PTUnitNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumPTUs) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimPackagedTerminalUnit:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      PTUnitNum,
+                                      NumPTUs,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(PTUnitNum)) {
                 if (CompName != PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimPackagedTerminalUnit: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(PTUnitNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimPackagedTerminalUnit: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          PTUnitNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(PTUnitNum) = false;
             }
@@ -562,8 +568,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
         using Fans::GetFanOutletNode;
         using Fans::GetFanType;
         using Fans::GetFanVolFlow;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using MixedAir::GetOAMixerNodeNumbers;
         auto &GetDXCoilInletNode(DXCoils::GetCoilInletNode);
         auto &GetDXCoilOutletNode(DXCoils::GetCoilOutletNode);
@@ -789,28 +794,28 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
             }
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow = Numbers(1);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(1) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(1), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(1), Numbers(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow = Numbers(2);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(2) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(2), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(2), Numbers(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow = Numbers(3);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(3) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(3), Numbers(3)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow = Numbers(4);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow < 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(4) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(4), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(4), Numbers(4)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -825,7 +830,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
 
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow = Numbers(5);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow < 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(5) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(5), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(5), Numbers(5)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -840,7 +845,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
 
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow = Numbers(6);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow < 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(6) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(6), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(6), Numbers(6)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -883,8 +888,10 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                 if (FanVolFlow <
                     max(PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow, PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow, PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\", invalid air flow rate");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlow, 7) + " in fan object " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanName +
-                                      " is less than the maximum PTHP supply air flow rate.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum PTHP supply air flow rate.",
+                                             FanVolFlow,
+                                             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanName));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The fan flow rate must be greater than the PTHP maximum supply air flow rate.");
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
@@ -1113,7 +1120,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxOATSupHeat = Numbers(10);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxOATSupHeat > 21.0) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + ": " + cNumericFields(10) + " should be <= to 21.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(10) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(10), 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} = {:.1T}", cNumericFields(10), Numbers(10)));
             }
 
             if (UtilityRoutines::SameString(Alphas(15), "BlowThrough")) PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanPlace = BlowThru;
@@ -1395,10 +1402,11 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
             }
 
             //			if ( PTUnit( PTUnitNum ).MaxOATSupHeat > 21.0 ) {
-            //				ShowWarningError(state,  CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit( PTUnitNum ).Name + ": " + cNumericFields( 11 ) + "
+            //				ShowWarningError(state,  CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit( PTUnitNum ).Name + ": " + cNumericFields( 11 ) +
+            //"
             // should  be
             //<=  to 21."
-            //); 				ShowContinueError(state,  "..." + cNumericFields( 11 ) + " = " + TrimSigDigits( Numbers( 11 ), 1 ) );
+            //); 				ShowContinueError(state,  format("...{} = {:.1T}", cNumericFields( 11 ),  Numbers( 11 )) );
             //			}
 
             //   set air flow control mode, UseCompressorOnFlow = operate at last cooling or heating air flow requested when compressor is off
@@ -1492,7 +1500,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
 
                 // MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow should be greater than 0
                 if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(3) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 3));
+                    ShowWarningError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.3T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(3), Numbers(3)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... when " + cAlphaFields(19) + " = " + Alphas(19) +
                                       " the minimum operating air flow rate should be autosized or > 0.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
@@ -1682,28 +1690,28 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
             }
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow = Numbers(1);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(1) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(1), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(1), Numbers(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow = Numbers(2);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(2) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(2), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(2), Numbers(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow = Numbers(3);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(3) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(3), Numbers(3)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow = Numbers(4);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow < 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(4) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(4), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(4), Numbers(4)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -1718,7 +1726,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
 
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow = Numbers(5);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow < 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(5) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(5), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(5), Numbers(5)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -1733,7 +1741,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
 
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow = Numbers(6);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow < 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(6) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(6), 7));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.7T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(6), Numbers(6)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -1783,8 +1791,11 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
             if (FanVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                 if (FanVolFlow <
                     max(PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow, PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow, PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow)) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlow, 7) + " in fan object " +
-                                     PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanName + " is less than the maximum PTHP supply air flow rate.");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum PTHP supply air flow rate.",
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            FanVolFlow,
+                                            PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanName));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The fan flow rate must be greater than the PTHP maximum supply air flow rate.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                     ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -2298,7 +2309,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
 
                 // MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow should be greater than 0
                 if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " illegal " + cNumericFields(3) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 3));
+                    ShowWarningError(state, format("{} illegal {} = {:.3T}", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFields(3), Numbers(3)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... when " + cAlphaFields(17) + " = " + Alphas(17) +
                                       " the minimum operating air flow rate should be autosized or > 0.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
@@ -3143,13 +3154,17 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                 if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate > FanVolFlow) {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... has a Design Fan Flow Rate > Max Fan Volume Flow Rate, should be <=.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(PTUnit(PTUnitNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate, 2) + "... Fan [" +
-                                      PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanType + ':' + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanName + "] Max Value=" + RoundSigDigits(FanVolFlow, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("... Entered value={:.2R}... Fan [{}:{}] Max Value={:.2R}",
+                                             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate,
+                                             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanType,
+                                             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanName,
+                                             FanVolFlow));
                 }
                 if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate <= 0.0) {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... has a Design Fan Flow Rate <= 0.0, it must be >0.0");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "... Entered value=" + RoundSigDigits(PTUnit(PTUnitNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("... Entered value={:.2R}", PTUnit(PTUnitNum).ActualFanVolFlowRate));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3157,21 +3172,21 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow = Numbers(1);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " illegal value " + cNumericFields(1) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(1), 7));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" illegal value {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(1), Numbers(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow = Numbers(2);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " illegal " + cNumericFields(2) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(2), 7));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(2), Numbers(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow = Numbers(3);
             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\"");
-                ShowContinueError(state, " illegal " + cNumericFields(3) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 7));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format(" illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(3), Numbers(3)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3186,7 +3201,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                 PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow = Numbers(4);
                 if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow < 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolOutAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\"");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " illegal " + cNumericFields(4) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(4), 7));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(4), Numbers(4)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -3195,15 +3210,15 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                     PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, ".." + cNumericFields(4) + " cannot be greater than " + cNumericFields(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, ".." + cNumericFields(1) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(1), 7));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, ".." + cNumericFields(4) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(4), 7));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..{} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(1), Numbers(1)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..{} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(4), Numbers(4)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
                 PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow = Numbers(5);
                 if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow < 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatOutAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\"");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " illegal " + cNumericFields(5) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(5), 7));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(5), Numbers(5)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -3212,15 +3227,15 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                     PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, ".." + cNumericFields(5) + " cannot be greater than " + cNumericFields(2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, ".." + cNumericFields(2) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(2), 7));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, ".." + cNumericFields(5) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(5), 7));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..{} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(2), Numbers(2)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..{} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(5), Numbers(5)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
                 PTUnit(PTUnitNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow = Numbers(6);
                 if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow < 0 && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\"");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " illegal " + cNumericFields(6) + " = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(6), 7));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(6), Numbers(6)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             } else {
@@ -3774,7 +3789,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
         using Fans::GetFanVolFlow;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSatDensityRefrig;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::InitComponentNodes;
         using PlantUtilities::ScanPlantLoopsForObject;
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
@@ -4177,9 +4192,12 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                 if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                     //     Check fan versus system supply air flow rates
                     if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanVolFlow + 1e-10 < PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedCooling)) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                         " in fan object is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when cooling is required (" +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedCooling), 7) + ").");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when cooling "
+                                                "is required ({:.7T}).",
+                                                CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                                PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedCooling)));
                         ShowContinueError(state,
                             " The MSHP system flow rate when cooling is required is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
@@ -4187,9 +4205,10 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                         // Check flow rates in other speeds and ensure flow rates are not above the max flow rate
                         for (i = NumOfSpeedCooling - 1; i >= 1; --i) {
                             if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i) > PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i + 1)) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, " The MSHP system flow rate when cooling is required is reset to the flow rate at higher speed and "
-                                                  "the simulation continues at Speed" +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(i) + '.');
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format(" The MSHP system flow rate when cooling is required is reset to the flow rate at higher "
+                                                         "speed and the simulation continues at Speed{}.",
+                                                         i));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                                 PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i) = PTUnit(PTUnitNum).CoolVolumeFlowRate(i + 1);
                             }
@@ -4198,18 +4217,22 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
 
                     if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).NumOfSpeedHeating > 0) {
                         if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanVolFlow + 1e-10 < PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedHeating)) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                             " in fan object is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when heating is required (" +
-                                             TrimSigDigits(PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedHeating), 7) + ").");
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when "
+                                                    "heating is required ({:.7T}).",
+                                                    CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                    PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                                    PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedHeating)));
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 " The MSHP system flow rate when heating is required is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(NumOfSpeedHeating) = PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanVolFlow;
                             for (i = NumOfSpeedHeating - 1; i >= 1; --i) {
                                 if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i) > PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i + 1)) {
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, " The MSHP system flow rate when heating is required is reset to the flow rate at higher speed "
-                                                      "and the simulation continues at Speed" +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(i) + '.');
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format(" The MSHP system flow rate when heating is required is reset to the flow rate at "
+                                                             "higher speed and the simulation continues at Speed{}.",
+                                                             i));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " system = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
                                     PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i) = PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HeatVolumeFlowRate(i + 1);
                                 }
@@ -4218,9 +4241,12 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                     }
 
                     if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanVolFlow < PTUnit(PTUnitNum).IdleVolumeAirRate && PTUnit(PTUnitNum).IdleVolumeAirRate != 0.0) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                         " in fan object is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when no heating or cooling is needed (" +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(PTUnit(PTUnitNum).IdleVolumeAirRate, 7) + ").");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object is less than the MSHP system air flow rate when no "
+                                                "heating or cooling is needed ({:.7T}).",
+                                                CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                PTUnit(PTUnitNum).FanVolFlow,
+                                                PTUnit(PTUnitNum).IdleVolumeAirRate));
                         ShowContinueError(state, " The MSHP system flow rate when no heating or cooling is needed is reset to the fan flow rate and the "
                                           "simulation continues.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
@@ -4809,7 +4835,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
         using DataZoneEquipment::PkgTermACAirToAir_Num;
         using DataZoneEquipment::PkgTermHPAirToAir_Num;
         using DataZoneEquipment::PkgTermHPWaterToAir_Num;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using VariableSpeedCoils::GetCoilAirFlowRateVariableSpeed;
         using VariableSpeedCoils::SimVariableSpeedCoils;
         using WaterCoils::SetCoilDesFlow;
@@ -5280,10 +5306,12 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                             if ((std::abs(CoolOutAirVolFlowDes - CoolOutAirVolFlowUser) / CoolOutAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizePTUnit: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType + ' ' +
                                             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(CoolOutAirVolFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(CoolOutAirVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation of {:.5R} [m3/s]", CoolOutAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Cooling Operation of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                         CoolOutAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -5331,10 +5359,12 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                             if ((std::abs(HeatOutAirVolFlowDes - HeatOutAirVolFlowUser) / HeatOutAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizePTUnit: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType + ' ' +
                                             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(HeatOutAirVolFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(HeatOutAirVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation of {:.5R} [m3/s]", HeatOutAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate During Heating Operation of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                         HeatOutAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -5383,10 +5413,13 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                                 AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizePTUnit: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType + ' ' +
                                             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate When No Cooling or Heating is Needed of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate When No Cooling or Heating is Needed of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("User-Specified Outdoor Air Flow Rate When No Cooling or Heating is Needed of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                         NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("differs from Design Size Outdoor Air Flow Rate When No Cooling or Heating is Needed of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                           NoCoolHeatOutAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -5431,10 +5464,13 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                             if (std::abs(MaxSATSupHeatDes - MaxSATSupHeatUser) > (4.0 * AutoVsHardSizingDeltaTempThreshold)) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizePTUnit: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType + ' ' +
                                             PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Supply Air Temperature from Supplemental Heater of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MaxSATSupHeatUser, 2) + " [C]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Supply Air Temperature from Supplemental Heater of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MaxSATSupHeatDes, 2) + " [C]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("User-Specified Maximum Supply Air Temperature from Supplemental Heater of {:.2R} [C]",
+                                                         MaxSATSupHeatUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("differs from Design Size Maximum Supply Air Temperature from Supplemental Heater of {:.2R} [C]",
+                                           MaxSATSupHeatDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -5501,8 +5537,9 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                 ShowContinueError(state, " For SingleZoneVAV control the No Load Supply Air Flow Rate must be less than both the cooling and heating supply "
                                   "air flow rates.");
                 PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow = min(PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxCoolAirVolFlow, PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxHeatAirVolFlow) - 0.01;
-                ShowContinueError(state, " The SingleZoneVAV control No Load Supply Air Flow Rate is reset to " +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow, 5) + " and the simulation continues.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" The SingleZoneVAV control No Load Supply Air Flow Rate is reset to {:.5R} and the simulation continues.",
+                                         PTUnit(PTUnitNum).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow));
             }
         }
 
@@ -5543,9 +5580,8 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataEnvironment::OutDryBulbTemp;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
         using General::SolveRoot;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyCpAirFnW;
@@ -5849,7 +5885,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
         using DataEnvironment::OutDryBulbTemp;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
         using DXCoils::SimDXCoil;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::SimHXAssistedCoolingCoil;
@@ -6306,12 +6342,13 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcPTUnit: Hot water coil control failed for " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType + "=\"" +
                                                        PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\"");
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) +
-                                                      "] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("  Iteration limit [{}] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate", SolveMaxIter));
                                 }
-                                ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcPTUnit: Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [" +
-                                                                   RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) + "]) for " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType + "=\"" +
-                                                                   PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name,
+                                ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("CalcPTUnit: Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [{}]) for {}=\"{}",
+                                                                      SolveMaxIter,
+                                                                      PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType,
+                                                                      PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name),
                                                                PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex);
                             } else if (SolFlag == -2) {
                                 if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex2 == 0) {
@@ -6319,8 +6356,8 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                                                        PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\"");
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Bad hot water maximum flow rate limits");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Given minimum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MinWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Given maximum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MaxHotWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given minimum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MinWaterFlow));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given maximum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MaxHotWaterFlow));
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcPTUnit: Hot water coil control failed (flow limits) for " +
                                                                    PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\"",
@@ -7408,9 +7445,9 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataEnvironment::OutDryBulbTemp;
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::CurDeadBandOrSetback;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyCpAirFnW;
@@ -7617,7 +7654,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                         if (ErrCountCyc == 0) {
                             ++ErrCountCyc;
                             ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating VS WSHP unit cycling ratio, for unit=" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Cycling ratio returned=" + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 2));
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Cycling ratio returned={:.2R}", PartLoadFrac));
                         } else {
                             ++ErrCountCyc;
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -7699,8 +7736,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                         if (ErrCountVar == 0) {
                             ++ErrCountVar;
                             ShowWarningError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating VS WSHP unit speed ratio, for unit=" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name);
-                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Speed ratio returned=[" + RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 2) +
-                                                       "], Speed number =" + RoundSigDigits(SpeedNum));
+                            ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Speed ratio returned=[{:.2R}], Speed number ={}", SpeedRatio, SpeedNum));
                         } else {
                             ++ErrCountVar;
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name +
@@ -8088,7 +8124,7 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
         using DataEnvironment::OutDryBulbTemp;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
         using DXCoils::SimDXCoil;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using HeatingCoils::SimulateHeatingCoilComponents;
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::SimHXAssistedCoolingCoil;
@@ -8450,12 +8486,14 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "RoutineName//Hot water coil control failed for " + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType + "=\"" +
                                                        PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\""); // Autodesk:Bug? Meant RoutineName + "Hot water...
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) +
-                                                      "] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("  Iteration limit [{}] exceeded in calculating hot water mass flow rate", SolveMaxIter));
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
-                                    "RoutineName//Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [" + RoundSigDigits(SolveMaxIter) + "]) for " +
-                                        PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name,
+                                    format("RoutineName//Hot water coil control failed (iteration limit [{}]) for {}=\"{}",
+                                           SolveMaxIter,
+                                           PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType,
+                                           PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name),
                                     PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex); // Autodesk:Bug? Meant RoutineName + "Hot water...
                             } else if (SolFlag == -2) {
                                 if (PTUnit(PTUnitNum).HotWaterCoilMaxIterIndex2 == 0) {
@@ -8464,8 +8502,8 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
                                                        "\""); // Autodesk:Bug? Meant RoutineName + "Hot water...
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Bad hot water maximum flow rate limits");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Given minimum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MinWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Given maximum water flow rate=" + RoundSigDigits(MaxHotWaterFlow, 3) + " kg/s");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given minimum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MinWaterFlow));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Given maximum water flow rate={:.3R} kg/s", MaxHotWaterFlow));
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "RoutineName//Hot water coil control failed (flow limits) for " +
                                                                    PTUnit(PTUnitNum).UnitType + "=\"" + PTUnit(PTUnitNum).Name + "\"",
@@ -8741,7 +8779,6 @@ namespace PackagedTerminalHeatPump {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::CurDeadBandOrSetback;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PackagedThermalStorageCoil.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PackagedThermalStorageCoil.cc
index 0dd8bac922f..dd78b993002 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PackagedThermalStorageCoil.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PackagedThermalStorageCoil.cc
@@ -194,7 +194,6 @@ namespace PackagedThermalStorageCoil {
         // <description>
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int TESCoilNum;
@@ -213,13 +212,19 @@ namespace PackagedThermalStorageCoil {
         } else {
             TESCoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (TESCoilNum > NumTESCoils || TESCoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimTESCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(TESCoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of Thermal Energy Storage Cooling Coil Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(NumTESCoils) + ", Coil name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimTESCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Thermal Energy Storage Cooling Coil Coils={}, Coil name={}",
+                                      TESCoilNum,
+                                      NumTESCoils,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(TESCoilNum)) {
                 if (!CompName.empty() && CompName != TESCoil(TESCoilNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimTESCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(TESCoilNum) + ", Coil name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + TESCoil(TESCoilNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimTESCoil: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                                          TESCoilNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          TESCoil(TESCoilNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(TESCoilNum) = false;
             }
@@ -1840,7 +1845,7 @@ namespace PackagedThermalStorageCoil {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_PackagedTESCoolingCoil;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::ScanPlantLoopsForObject;
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
 
@@ -1987,7 +1992,7 @@ namespace PackagedThermalStorageCoil {
                         if (TESCoil(TESCoilNum).ControlModeErrorIndex == 0) {
                             ShowSevereMessage(state, "InitTESCoil: Invalid control schedule value for operating mode");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for Coil:Cooling:DX:SingleSpeed:ThermalStorage name = " + TESCoil(TESCoilNum).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Value returned from schedule =" + RoundSigDigits(tmpSchedValue, 8));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Value returned from schedule ={:.8R}", tmpSchedValue));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Operating mode will be set to Off, and the simulation continues");
                         }
                         ShowRecurringSevereErrorAtEnd(state, "InitTESCoil: Invalid control schedule value for TES operating mode, set to Off",
@@ -2050,7 +2055,7 @@ namespace PackagedThermalStorageCoil {
                             if (TESCoil(TESCoilNum).ControlModeErrorIndex == 0) {
                                 ShowSevereMessage(state, "InitTESCoil: Invalid control value for operating mode");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for Coil:Cooling:DX:SingleSpeed:ThermalStorage name = " + TESCoil(TESCoilNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Value returned from EMS =" + RoundSigDigits(TESCoil(TESCoilNum).EMSControlModeValue, 8));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value returned from EMS ={:.8R}", TESCoil(TESCoilNum).EMSControlModeValue));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Operating mode will be set to Off, and the simulation continues");
                             }
                             ShowRecurringSevereErrorAtEnd(state, "InitTESCoil: Invalid control schedule value for TES operating mode, set to Off",
@@ -4116,7 +4121,7 @@ namespace PackagedThermalStorageCoil {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using TempSolveRoot::SolveRoot;
 
@@ -4197,8 +4202,8 @@ namespace PackagedThermalStorageCoil {
                                 ++SensPLRIter;
                                 ShowWarningError(state, SystemType +
                                                  " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit sensible part-load ratio for unit = " + CoilName);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", ReqOutput / FullOutput));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                     "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                             }
@@ -4218,7 +4223,7 @@ namespace PackagedThermalStorageCoil {
                                     SystemType +
                                     " - DX unit sensible part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                     CoilName);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                     "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                             }
@@ -4264,8 +4269,8 @@ namespace PackagedThermalStorageCoil {
                                     ++LatPLRIter;
                                     ShowWarningError(state, SystemType +
                                                      " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit latent part-load ratio for unit = " + CoilName);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio   = " + RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio   = {:.3R}", ReqOutput / FullOutput));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                         "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                 }
@@ -4290,7 +4295,7 @@ namespace PackagedThermalStorageCoil {
                                         SystemType +
                                         " - DX unit latent part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                         CoilName);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                         "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PhotovoltaicThermalCollectors.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PhotovoltaicThermalCollectors.cc
index cf9103aa8f7..2c09f513acc 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PhotovoltaicThermalCollectors.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PhotovoltaicThermalCollectors.cc
@@ -271,8 +271,9 @@ namespace PhotovoltaicThermalCollectors {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Suspected input problem with " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(2) + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(2));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Surface used for solar collector faces down");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Surface tilt angle (degrees from ground outward normal) = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DataSurfaces::Surface(PVT(Item).SurfNum).Tilt, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Surface tilt angle (degrees from ground outward normal) = {:.2R}", DataSurfaces::Surface(PVT(Item).SurfNum).Tilt));
                 }
 
             } // check surface
@@ -715,9 +716,8 @@ namespace PhotovoltaicThermalCollectors {
                         if ((std::abs(DesignVolFlowRateDes - DesignVolFlowRateUser) / DesignVolFlowRateUser) >
                             DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeSolarCollector: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Flow Rate of " + General::RoundSigDigits(DesignVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Flow Rate of " + General::RoundSigDigits(DesignVolFlowRateDes, 5) +
-                                              " [W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Design Flow Rate of {:.5R} [W]", DesignVolFlowRateUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Design Flow Rate of {:.5R} [W]", DesignVolFlowRateDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -779,10 +779,8 @@ namespace PhotovoltaicThermalCollectors {
                                 if ((std::abs(DesignVolFlowRateDes - DesignVolFlowRateUser) / DesignVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeSolarCollector: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Flow Rate of " + General::RoundSigDigits(DesignVolFlowRateUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DesignVolFlowRateDes, 5) + " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Design Flow Rate of {:.5R} [W]", DesignVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Design Flow Rate of {:.5R} [W]", DesignVolFlowRateDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Photovoltaics.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Photovoltaics.cc
index 528ad428096..fff4ebffd8a 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Photovoltaics.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Photovoltaics.cc
@@ -157,7 +157,6 @@ namespace Photovoltaics {
         // in this module. provides common entry point for all the models
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int PVnum;                      // index of unit in PV array for Equivalent one-diode model
@@ -177,13 +176,20 @@ namespace Photovoltaics {
         } else {
             PVnum = GeneratorIndex;
             if (PVnum > NumPVs || PVnum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimPhotovoltaicGenerator: Invalid GeneratorIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(PVnum) +
-                               ", Number of PVs=" + TrimSigDigits(NumPVs) + ", Generator name=" + GeneratorName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimPhotovoltaicGenerator: Invalid GeneratorIndex passed={}, Number of PVs={}, Generator name={}",
+                                      PVnum,
+                                      NumPVs,
+                                      GeneratorName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(PVnum)) {
                 if (GeneratorName != PVarray(PVnum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimPhotovoltaicGenerator: Invalid GeneratorIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(PVnum) +
-                                   ", Generator name=" + GeneratorName + ", stored PV Name for that index=" + PVarray(PVnum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SimPhotovoltaicGenerator: Invalid GeneratorIndex passed={}, Generator name={}, stored PV Name for that index={}",
+                               PVnum,
+                               GeneratorName,
+                               PVarray(PVnum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(PVnum) = false;
             }
@@ -293,7 +299,7 @@ namespace Photovoltaics {
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
         using namespace DataHeatBalance;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using TranspiredCollector::GetTranspiredCollectorIndex;
 
@@ -374,7 +380,7 @@ namespace Photovoltaics {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Suspected input problem with " + cAlphaFieldNames(2) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(2));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + cAlphaArgs(1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Surface used for solar collector faces down");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Surface tilt angle (degrees from ground outward normal) = " + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Tilt, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface tilt angle (degrees from ground outward normal) = {:.2R}", Surface(SurfNum).Tilt));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1714,7 +1720,6 @@ namespace Photovoltaics {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         Real64 FUN(0.0);
@@ -1740,8 +1745,8 @@ namespace Photovoltaics {
             ShowSevereError(state, "EquivalentOneDiode Photovoltaic model failed to find maximum power point");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Numerical solver failed trying to take exponential of too large a number");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Check input data in " + cPVEquiv1DiodePerfObjectName);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "VV (voltage) = " + RoundSigDigits(VV, 5));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "II (current) = " + RoundSigDigits(II, 5));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("VV (voltage) = {:.5R}", VV));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("II (current) = {:.5R}", II));
             ShowFatalError(state, "FUN: EnergyPlus terminates because of numerical problem in EquivalentOne-Diode PV model");
         }
 
@@ -1768,7 +1773,6 @@ namespace Photovoltaics {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         Real64 FI(0.0);
@@ -1793,8 +1797,8 @@ namespace Photovoltaics {
             ShowSevereError(state, "EquivalentOneDiode Photovoltaic model failed to find maximum power point");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Numerical solver failed trying to take exponential of too large a number");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Check input data in " + cPVEquiv1DiodePerfObjectName);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "VV (voltage) = " + RoundSigDigits(VV, 5));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "II (current) = " + RoundSigDigits(II, 5));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("VV (voltage) = {:.5R}", VV));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("II (current) = {:.5R}", II));
             ShowFatalError(state, "FI: EnergyPlus terminates because of numerical problem in EquivalentOne-Diode PV model");
         }
 
@@ -1821,7 +1825,6 @@ namespace Photovoltaics {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         Real64 FV(0.0);
@@ -1847,8 +1850,8 @@ namespace Photovoltaics {
             ShowSevereError(state, "EquivalentOneDiode Photovoltaic model failed to find maximum power point");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Numerical solver failed trying to take exponential of too large a number");
             ShowContinueError(state, "Check input data in " + cPVEquiv1DiodePerfObjectName);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "VV (voltage) = " + RoundSigDigits(VV, 5));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "II (current) = " + RoundSigDigits(II, 5));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("VV (voltage) = {:.5R}", VV));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("II (current) = {:.5R}", II));
             ShowFatalError(state, "FI: EnergyPlus terminates because of numerical problem in EquivalentOne-Diode PV model");
         }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PipeHeatTransfer.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PipeHeatTransfer.cc
index ed2f954fa78..cb24c7aa0c8 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PipeHeatTransfer.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PipeHeatTransfer.cc
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ namespace PipeHeatTransfer {
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts; // Data for field names, blank numerics
         using BranchNodeConnections::TestCompSet;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using namespace DataLoopNode;
         using OutAirNodeManager::CheckOutAirNodeNumber;
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ namespace PipeHeatTransfer {
             // dimensions
             PipeHT(Item).PipeID = rNumericArgs(1);
             if (rNumericArgs(1) <= 0.0) { // not really necessary because idd field has "minimum> 0"
-                ShowSevereError(state, "GetPipesHeatTransfer: invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " of " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 4));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("GetPipesHeatTransfer: invalid {} of {:.4R}", cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1) + " must be > 0.0");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
 
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ namespace PipeHeatTransfer {
 
             PipeHT(Item).Length = rNumericArgs(2);
             if (rNumericArgs(2) <= 0.0) { // not really necessary because idd field has "minimum> 0"
-                ShowSevereError(state, "GetPipesHeatTransfer: invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " of " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 4));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("GetPipesHeatTransfer: invalid {} of {:.4R}", cNumericFieldNames(2), rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(2) + " must be > 0.0");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ namespace PipeHeatTransfer {
             // dimensions
             PipeHT(Item).PipeID = rNumericArgs(1);
             if (rNumericArgs(1) <= 0.0) { // not really necessary because idd field has "minimum> 0"
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " of " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 4));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {} of {:.4R}", cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1) + " must be > 0.0");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ namespace PipeHeatTransfer {
 
             PipeHT(Item).Length = rNumericArgs(2);
             if (rNumericArgs(2) <= 0.0) { // not really necessary because idd field has "minimum> 0"
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " of " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 4));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {} of {:.4R}", cNumericFieldNames(2), rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(2) + " must be > 0.0");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@ namespace PipeHeatTransfer {
             // dimensions
             PipeHT(Item).PipeID = rNumericArgs(1);
             if (rNumericArgs(1) <= 0.0) { // not really necessary because idd field has "minimum> 0"
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " of " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 4));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {} of {:.4R}", cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1) + " must be > 0.0");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@ namespace PipeHeatTransfer {
 
             PipeHT(Item).Length = rNumericArgs(2);
             if (rNumericArgs(2) <= 0.0) { // not really necessary because idd field has "minimum> 0"
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " of " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 4));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {} of {:.4R}", cNumericFieldNames(2), rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(2) + " must be > 0.0");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -749,7 +749,6 @@ namespace PipeHeatTransfer {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -816,8 +815,9 @@ namespace PipeHeatTransfer {
             this->InsulationOD = this->PipeOD + 2.0 * this->InsulationThickness;
 
         } else {
-            ShowSevereError(state, PipeType + ": invalid " + FieldName + "=\"" + ConstructionName + "\", too many layers=[" + TrimSigDigits(TotalLayers) +
-                            "], only 1 or 2 allowed.");
+            ShowSevereError(
+                state,
+                format("{}: invalid {}=\"{}\", too many layers=[{}], only 1 or 2 allowed.", PipeType, FieldName, ConstructionName, TotalLayers));
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Plant/Loop.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Plant/Loop.cc
index 532d4263ab2..5032e644ac6 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Plant/Loop.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Plant/Loop.cc
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::DataPlant {
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
         using DataLoopNode::NodeID;
         using DataPlant::SupplySide;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+        ;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int LoopInlet;  // plant loop inlet node num.
@@ -261,12 +261,8 @@ namespace EnergyPlus::DataPlant {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "PlantSupplySide: PlantLoop=\"" + this->Name +
                                      "\", Error (CheckLoopExitNode) -- Mass Flow Rate Calculation. Outlet and Inlet differ by more than tolerance.");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Loop inlet node=" + NodeID(LoopInlet) + ", flowrate=" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(Node(LoopInlet).MassFlowRate, 4) +
-                                      " kg/s");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Loop outlet node=" + NodeID(LoopOutlet) + ", flowrate=" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(Node(LoopOutlet).MassFlowRate, 4) +
-                                      " kg/s");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Loop inlet node={}, flowrate={:.4R} kg/s", NodeID(LoopInlet), Node(LoopInlet).MassFlowRate));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Loop outlet node={}, flowrate={:.4R} kg/s", NodeID(LoopOutlet), Node(LoopOutlet).MassFlowRate));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "This loop might be helped by a bypass.");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "PlantSupplySide: PlantLoop=\"" + this->Name +
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Plant/LoopSide.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Plant/LoopSide.cc
index d09aaf70dbd..da5a775a4f6 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Plant/LoopSide.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Plant/LoopSide.cc
@@ -757,13 +757,11 @@ namespace DataPlant {
                                 "For example, if using SetpointManager:Scheduled:DualSetpoint, then check that the low setpoint is "
                                 "below the high setpoint.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in PlantLoop=" + thisPlantLoop.Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state,
-                                "LoadToHeatingSetPoint=" + General::RoundSigDigits(LoadToHeatingSetPoint, 3) +
-                                ", LoadToCoolingSetPoint=" + General::RoundSigDigits(LoadToCoolingSetPoint, 3));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Loop Heating Low Setpoint=" +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(LoopSetPointTemperatureLo, 2));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Loop Cooling High Setpoint=" +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(LoopSetPointTemperatureHi, 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("LoadToHeatingSetPoint={:.3R}, LoadToCoolingSetPoint={:.3R}", LoadToHeatingSetPoint, LoadToCoolingSetPoint));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Loop Heating Low Setpoint={:.2R}", LoopSetPointTemperatureLo));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Loop Cooling High Setpoint={:.2R}", LoopSetPointTemperatureHi));
 
                             ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to above conditions.");
                         }
@@ -779,13 +777,11 @@ namespace DataPlant {
                                 "DualSetPointWithDeadBand: Unanticipated combination of heating and cooling loads - report to EnergyPlus "
                                 "Development Team");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "occurs in PlantLoop=" + thisPlantLoop.Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state,
-                                "LoadToHeatingSetPoint=" + General::RoundSigDigits(LoadToHeatingSetPoint, 3) +
-                                ", LoadToCoolingSetPoint=" + General::RoundSigDigits(LoadToCoolingSetPoint, 3));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Loop Heating Setpoint=" +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(LoopSetPointTemperatureLo, 2));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Loop Cooling Setpoint=" +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(LoopSetPointTemperatureHi, 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("LoadToHeatingSetPoint={:.3R}, LoadToCoolingSetPoint={:.3R}", LoadToHeatingSetPoint, LoadToCoolingSetPoint));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Loop Heating Setpoint={:.2R}", LoopSetPointTemperatureLo));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Loop Cooling Setpoint={:.2R}", LoopSetPointTemperatureHi));
                             ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to above conditions.");
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -1314,7 +1310,6 @@ namespace DataPlant {
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_PumpBankVariableSpeed;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_PumpVariableSpeed;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static Array1D_string const LoopSideName(2, {"Demand", "Supply"});
@@ -1670,10 +1665,9 @@ namespace DataPlant {
                     // Call fatal diagnostic error. !The math should work out!
                     ShowSevereError(state, "ResolveParallelFlows: Dev note, failed to redistribute restricted flow");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Loop side flow = " + RoundSigDigits(ThisLoopSideFlow, 8) + " (kg/s)");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Flow Remaining = " + RoundSigDigits(FlowRemaining, 8) + " (kg/s)");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Parallel Branch requests  = " + RoundSigDigits(TotParallelBranchFlowReq, 8) +
-                                      " (kg/s)");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Loop side flow = {:.8R} (kg/s)", ThisLoopSideFlow));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Flow Remaining = {:.8R} (kg/s)", FlowRemaining));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Parallel Branch requests  = {:.8R} (kg/s)", TotParallelBranchFlowReq));
                 }
 
                 // 2)  ! Reset the flow on the Mixer outlet branch
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Plant/PlantManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Plant/PlantManager.cc
index b690c21e7e2..724c34447dc 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Plant/PlantManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Plant/PlantManager.cc
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/FluidCoolers.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/FuelCellElectricGenerator.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GroundHeatExchangers.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HVACInterfaceManager.hh>
@@ -319,7 +318,7 @@ namespace EnergyPlus {
             using DataSizing::AutoSize;
             using FluidProperties::CheckFluidPropertyName;
             using FluidProperties::FindGlycol;
-            using General::RoundSigDigits;
+            ;
             using SystemAvailabilityManager::GetPlantAvailabilityManager;
 
             // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -2098,7 +2097,7 @@ namespace EnergyPlus {
             using EMSManager::iTemperatureMaxSetPoint;
             using EMSManager::iTemperatureMinSetPoint;
             using EMSManager::iTemperatureSetPoint;
-            using General::RoundSigDigits;
+            ;
             using PlantUtilities::SetAllFlowLocks;
 
             // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -3002,7 +3001,7 @@ namespace EnergyPlus {
             // Using/Aliasing
             using namespace DataSizing;
             using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
-            using General::RoundSigDigits;
+            ;
 
             // Locals
             bool localInitLoopEquip(true);
@@ -3133,9 +3132,10 @@ namespace EnergyPlus {
                     } else {
                         PlantLoop(LoopNum).MaxVolFlowRate = 0.0;
                         if (PlantFinalSizesOkayToReport) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, "SizePlantLoop: Calculated Plant Sizing Design Volume Flow Rate=[" +
-                                             RoundSigDigits(PlantSizData(PlantSizNum).DesVolFlowRate, 2) +
-                                             "] is too small. Set to 0.0");
+                            ShowWarningError(
+                                state,
+                                format("SizePlantLoop: Calculated Plant Sizing Design Volume Flow Rate=[{:.2R}] is too small. Set to 0.0",
+                                       PlantSizData(PlantSizNum).DesVolFlowRate));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..occurs for PlantLoop=" + PlantLoop(LoopNum).Name);
                         }
                     }
@@ -3241,7 +3241,7 @@ namespace EnergyPlus {
             using namespace DataSizing;
             using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
             using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
-            using General::RoundSigDigits;
+            ;
 
             // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
             static std::string const RoutineName("ResizePlantLoop");
@@ -3296,9 +3296,10 @@ namespace EnergyPlus {
                     } else {
                         PlantLoop(LoopNum).MaxVolFlowRate = 0.0;
                         if (PlantFinalSizesOkayToReport) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, "SizePlantLoop: Calculated Plant Sizing Design Volume Flow Rate=[" +
-                                             RoundSigDigits(PlantSizData(PlantSizNum).DesVolFlowRate, 2) +
-                                             "] is too small. Set to 0.0");
+                            ShowWarningError(
+                                state,
+                                format("SizePlantLoop: Calculated Plant Sizing Design Volume Flow Rate=[{:.2R}] is too small. Set to 0.0",
+                                       PlantSizData(PlantSizNum).DesVolFlowRate));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..occurs for PlantLoop=" + PlantLoop(LoopNum).Name);
                         }
                     }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantCentralGSHP.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantCentralGSHP.cc
index d30b70c7814..88007dee506 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantCentralGSHP.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantCentralGSHP.cc
@@ -315,10 +315,11 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                                         DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerHeaterPerformanceElectricEIR: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " +
                                                     this->ChillerHeater(NumChillerHeater).Name);
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                          General::RoundSigDigits(EvapVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                          General::RoundSigDigits(tmpEvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state, format("User-Specified Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", EvapVolFlowRateUser));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("differs from Design Size Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                                 tmpEvapVolFlowRate));
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                     }
@@ -408,9 +409,8 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                                     if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - NomCapUser) / NomCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerHeaterPerformanceElectricEIR: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " +
                                                     this->ChillerHeater(NumChillerHeater).Name);
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Reference Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Reference Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                          " [W]");
+                                        ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Reference Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NomCapUser));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Reference Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                     }
@@ -495,10 +495,12 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                                         DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerHeaterPerformanceElectricEIR: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " +
                                                     this->ChillerHeater(NumChillerHeater).Name);
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                          General::RoundSigDigits(CondVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                          General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state,
+                                            format("User-Specified Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", CondVolFlowRateUser));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("differs from Design Size Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                                 tmpCondVolFlowRate));
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                     }
@@ -905,161 +907,184 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
 
             for (int ChillerHeaterNum = 1; ChillerHeaterNum <= this->ChillerHeaterNums; ++ChillerHeaterNum) {
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Operation Mode Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Operation Mode Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.CurrentMode,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Part Load Ratio Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Part Load Ratio Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.ChillerPartLoadRatio,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Cycling Ratio Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Cycling Ratio Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.ChillerCyclingRatio,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Rate Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Rate Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.CoolingPower,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Rate Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Rate Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.HeatingPower,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Energy Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Energy Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.CoolingEnergy,
                                     "System",
                                     "Sum",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Energy Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Energy Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.HeatingEnergy,
                                     "System",
                                     "Sum",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Cooling Rate Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Cooling Rate Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.QEvap,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Cooling Energy Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Cooling Energy Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.EvapEnergy,
                                     "System",
                                     "Sum",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater False Load Heat Transfer Rate Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater False Load Heat Transfer Rate Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.ChillerFalseLoadRate,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater False Load Heat Transfer Energy Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater False Load Heat Transfer Energy Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.ChillerFalseLoad,
                                     "System",
                                     "Sum",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Evaporator Inlet Temperature Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Evaporator Inlet Temperature Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.EvapInletTemp,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Evaporator Outlet Temperature Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Evaporator Outlet Temperature Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.EvapOutletTemp,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Evaporator Mass Flow Rate Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Evaporator Mass Flow Rate Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::kg_s,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.Evapmdot,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Rate Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Rate Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.QCond,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Energy Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Energy Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::J,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.CondEnergy,
                                     "System",
                                     "Sum",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater COP Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater COP Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::W_W,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.ActualCOP,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Capacity Temperature Modifier Multiplier Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Capacity Temperature Modifier Multiplier Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.ChillerCapFT,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater EIR Temperature Modifier Multiplier Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater EIR Temperature Modifier Multiplier Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.ChillerEIRFT,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater EIR Part Load Modifier Multiplier Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater EIR Part Load Modifier Multiplier Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::None,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.ChillerEIRFPLR,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Condenser Inlet Temperature Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Condenser Inlet Temperature Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.CondInletTemp,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Condenser Outlet Temperature Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Condenser Outlet Temperature Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.CondOutletTemp,
                                     "System",
                                     "Average",
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name);
 
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chiller Heater Condenser Mass Flow Rate Unit " + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerHeaterNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chiller Heater Condenser Mass Flow Rate Unit {}", ChillerHeaterNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::kg_s,
                                     this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Report.Condmdot,
                                     "System",
@@ -1204,15 +1229,13 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) == 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entered in {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 CHErrorsFound = true;
             }
             ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).RefCOPCooling = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2) == 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entered in {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
                 CHErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1224,16 +1247,14 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
             ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).ClgHtgToCoolingCapRatio = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6) == 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entered in {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6)));
                 CHErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).ClgHtgtoCogPowerRatio = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7) == 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7) + '=' +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entered in {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7)));
                 CHErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1269,7 +1290,7 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
 
             if (ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).OpenMotorEff < 0.0 || ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).OpenMotorEff > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetCurveInput: For " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(14) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(14), 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(14), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(14)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(14) + " must be greater than or equal to zero");
                 ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(14) + " must be less than or equal to one");
                 CHErrorsFound = true;
@@ -1284,7 +1305,7 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Capacity ratio as a function of temperature curve output is not equal to 1.0");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "(+ or - 10%) at reference conditions for " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "= " +
                                       DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at reference conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at reference conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1296,7 +1317,7 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Energy input ratio as a function of temperature curve output is not equal to 1.0");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "(+ or - 10%) at reference conditions for " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "= " +
                                       DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at reference conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at reference conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1307,7 +1328,7 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Energy input ratio as a function of part-load ratio curve output is not equal to 1.0");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "(+ or - 10%) at reference conditions for " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "= " +
                                       DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at reference conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at reference conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1339,7 +1360,7 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Capacity ratio as a function of temperature curve output is not equal to 1.0");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "(+ or - 10%) at reference conditions for " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "= " +
                                       DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at reference conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at reference conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1351,7 +1372,7 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Energy input ratio as a function of temperature curve output is not equal to 1.0");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "(+ or - 10%) at reference conditions for " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "= " +
                                       DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at reference conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at reference conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1362,7 +1383,7 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Energy input ratio as a function of part-load ratio curve output is not equal to 1.0");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "(+ or - 10%) at reference conditions for " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "= " +
                                       DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at reference conditions = " + General::TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at reference conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1799,8 +1820,7 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
 
             if (CompNum > this->NumOfComp) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "CalcChillerModel: ChillerHeater=\"" + this->Name + "\", calculated component number too big.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Max number of components=[" + General::RoundSigDigits(this->NumOfComp) + "], indicated component number=[" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(CompNum) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Max number of components=[{}], indicated component number=[{}].", this->NumOfComp, CompNum));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to preceding condition.");
             }
 
@@ -1890,8 +1910,9 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                     CondTempforCurve = CondOutletTemp;
                 } else {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "ChillerHeaterPerformance:Electric:EIR \"" + this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Chiller condenser temperature for curve fit are not decided, defalt value= cond_leaving (" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(ChillerCapFT, 3) + ").");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Chiller condenser temperature for curve fit are not decided, defalt value= cond_leaving ({:.3R}).", ChillerCapFT));
                     CondTempforCurve = CondOutletTemp;
                 }
 
@@ -1913,11 +1934,13 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                     if (this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).ChillerCapFTError < 1 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                         ++this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).ChillerCapFTError;
                         ShowWarningError(state, "ChillerHeaterPerformance:Electric:EIR \"" + this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " ChillerHeater Capacity as a Function of Temperature curve output is negative (" +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(ChillerCapFT, 3) + ").");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an Evaporator Outlet Temp of " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(EvapOutletTempSetPoint, 1) + " and a Condenser Inlet Temp of " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) + '.');
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format(" ChillerHeater Capacity as a Function of Temperature curve output is negative ({:.3R}).", ChillerCapFT));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format(" Negative value occurs using an Evaporator Outlet Temp of {:.1R} and a Condenser Inlet Temp of {:.1R}.",
+                                   EvapOutletTempSetPoint,
+                                   CondInletTemp));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                     } else if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                         ++this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).ChillerCapFTError;
@@ -2274,9 +2297,10 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                     if (this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).ChillerEIRRefTempErrorIndex == 0) {
                         ShowSevereMessage(state, "CalcChillerHeaterModel: ChillerHeaterPerformance:Electric:EIR=\"" +
                                           this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name + "\", DeltaTemp < 0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Reference Simultaneous Cooling-Heating Mode Leaving Condenser Water Temperature [" +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(CondOutletTemp, 1) + ']');
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "is below condenser inlet temperature of [" + General::RoundSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format(" Reference Simultaneous Cooling-Heating Mode Leaving Condenser Water Temperature [{:.1R}]", CondOutletTemp));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("is below condenser inlet temperature of [{:.1R}].", CondInletTemp));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         ShowContinueError(state, " Reset reference temperature to one greater than the inlet temperature ");
                     }
@@ -2389,8 +2413,9 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                         CondTempforCurve = this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).TempRefCondOutClgHtg; //! CondOutletTemp
                     } else {
                         ShowWarningError(state, "ChillerHeaterPerformance:Electric:EIR \"" + this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Chiller condensor temperature for curve fit are not decided, defalt value= cond_leaving (" +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(ChillerCapFT, 3) + ").");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Chiller condensor temperature for curve fit are not decided, defalt value= cond_leaving ({:.3R}).",
+                                                 ChillerCapFT));
                         CondTempforCurve = DataLoopNode::Node(DataPlant::PlantLoop(this->HWLoopNum).TempSetPointNodeNum).TempSetPoint;
                     }
 
@@ -2410,11 +2435,14 @@ namespace PlantCentralGSHP {
                         if (this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).ChillerCapFTError < 1 && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                             ++this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).ChillerCapFTError;
                             ShowWarningError(state, "ChillerHeaterPerformance:Electric:EIR \"" + this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).Name + "\":");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " ChillerHeater Capacity as a Function of Temperature curve output is negative (" +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(ChillerCapFT, 3) + ").");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an Evaporator Outlet Temp of " +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(EvapOutletTempSetPoint, 1) + " and a Condenser Inlet Temp of " +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 1) + '.');
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format(" ChillerHeater Capacity as a Function of Temperature curve output is negative ({:.3R}).", ChillerCapFT));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format(" Negative value occurs using an Evaporator Outlet Temp of {:.1R} and a Condenser Inlet Temp of {:.1R}.",
+                                       EvapOutletTempSetPoint,
+                                       CondInletTemp));
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Resetting curve output to zero and continuing simulation.");
                         } else if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                             ++this->ChillerHeater(ChillerHeaterNum).ChillerCapFTError;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantChillers.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantChillers.cc
index 93410da386a..7485cb00c06 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantChillers.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantChillers.cc
@@ -230,15 +230,13 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                 thisChiller.NomCapWasAutoSized = true;
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             thisChiller.COP = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 3));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.3R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -471,8 +469,8 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                 if (thisChiller.CondenserType == DataPlant::CondenserType::AIRCOOLED ||
                     thisChiller.CondenserType == DataPlant::CondenserType::EVAPCOOLED) {
                     if (thisChiller.CondVolFlowRate <= 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + '=' +
-                                        General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10), 6));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("Invalid {}={:.6R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10)));
                         ShowSevereError(state, "Condenser fluid flow rate must be specified for Heat Reclaim applications.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -1083,9 +1081,8 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - this->NomCap) / this->NomCap) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerElectric: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->NomCap, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", this->NomCap));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1137,10 +1134,11 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpEvapVolFlowRate - this->EvapVolFlowRate) / this->EvapVolFlowRate) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerElectric: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->EvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpEvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", this->EvapVolFlowRate));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpEvapVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1205,10 +1203,11 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpCondVolFlowRate - this->CondVolFlowRate) / this->CondVolFlowRate) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerElectric: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->CondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", this->CondVolFlowRate));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpCondVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1266,10 +1265,12 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate - this->DesignHeatRecVolFlowRate) / this->DesignHeatRecVolFlowRate) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerElectric: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->DesignHeatRecVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                             this->DesignHeatRecVolFlowRate));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("differs from Design Size Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                             tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1845,9 +1846,9 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                 if (condInletTemp > 70.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "CalcElectricChillerModel: Condenser loop inlet temperatures over 70.0 C for ElectricChiller=" + this->Name);
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Condenser loop water temperatures are too high at" + General::RoundSigDigits(condInletTemp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Condenser loop water temperatures are too high at{:.2R}", condInletTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check input for condenser plant loop, especially cooling tower");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Evaporator inlet temperature: " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Evaporator inlet temperature: {:.2R}", DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp));
 
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program Terminates due to previous error condition");
                 }
@@ -1857,8 +1858,8 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "CalcElectricChillerModel: Capacity ratio below zero for ElectricChiller=" + this->Name);
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check input for Capacity Ratio Curve");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Condenser inlet temperature: " + General::RoundSigDigits(condInletTemp, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Evaporator inlet temperature: " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Condenser inlet temperature: {:.2R}", condInletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Evaporator inlet temperature: {:.2R}", DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program Terminates due to previous error condition");
                 }
             }
@@ -2132,16 +2133,14 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                 thisChiller.NomCapWasAutoSized = true;
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             thisChiller.COP = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -2426,8 +2425,8 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                 if (thisChiller.CondenserType == DataPlant::CondenserType::AIRCOOLED ||
                     thisChiller.CondenserType == DataPlant::CondenserType::EVAPCOOLED) {
                     if (thisChiller.CondVolFlowRate <= 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + '=' +
-                                        General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10), 6));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("Invalid {}={:.6R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10)));
                         ShowSevereError(state, "Condenser fluid flow rate must be specified for Heat Reclaim applications.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -2982,9 +2981,8 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - this->NomCap) / this->NomCap) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerEngineDriven: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->NomCap, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", this->NomCap));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -3034,10 +3032,11 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpEvapVolFlowRate - this->EvapVolFlowRate) / this->EvapVolFlowRate) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerEngineDriven: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->EvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpEvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", this->EvapVolFlowRate));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpEvapVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -3102,10 +3101,11 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpCondVolFlowRate - this->CondVolFlowRate) / this->CondVolFlowRate) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerEngineDriven: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->CondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", this->CondVolFlowRate));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpCondVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -3170,10 +3170,12 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate - DesignHeatRecVolFlowRateUser) / DesignHeatRecVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeEngineDrivenChiller: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DesignHeatRecVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("User-Specified Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", DesignHeatRecVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("differs from Design Size Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                             tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -3817,9 +3819,9 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                 if (this->CondInletTemp > 70.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "CalcEngineDrivenChillerModel: Condenser loop inlet temperatures > 70.0 C for EngineDrivenChiller=" + this->Name);
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Condenser loop water temperatures are too high at" + General::RoundSigDigits(this->CondInletTemp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Condenser loop water temperatures are too high at{:.2R}", this->CondInletTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check input for condenser plant loop, especially cooling tower");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Evaporator inlet temperature: " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Evaporator inlet temperature: {:.2R}", DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp));
 
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program Terminates due to previous error condition");
                 }
@@ -3829,8 +3831,8 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "CalcEngineDrivenChillerModel: Capacity ratio below zero for EngineDrivenChiller=" + this->Name);
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check input for Capacity Ratio Curve");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Condenser inlet temperature: " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->CondInletTemp, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Evaporator inlet temperature: " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Condenser inlet temperature: {:.2R}", this->CondInletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Evaporator inlet temperature: {:.2R}", DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program Terminates due to previous error condition");
                 }
             }
@@ -4066,16 +4068,14 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                 thisChiller.NomCapWasAutoSized = true;
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             thisChiller.COP = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -4307,8 +4307,8 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                 if (thisChiller.CondenserType == DataPlant::CondenserType::AIRCOOLED ||
                     thisChiller.CondenserType == DataPlant::CondenserType::EVAPCOOLED) {
                     if (thisChiller.CondVolFlowRate <= 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + '=' +
-                                        General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10), 6));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("Invalid {}={:.6R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10)));
                         ShowSevereError(state, "Condenser fluid flow rate must be specified for Heat Reclaim applications.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -4848,9 +4848,8 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - this->NomCap) / this->NomCap) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeGTChiller: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->NomCap, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", this->NomCap));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -4902,10 +4901,11 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpEvapVolFlowRate - this->EvapVolFlowRate) / this->EvapVolFlowRate) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeGTChiller: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->EvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpEvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", this->EvapVolFlowRate));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpEvapVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -4971,10 +4971,11 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpCondVolFlowRate - this->CondVolFlowRate) / this->CondVolFlowRate) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeGTChiller: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(this->CondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", this->CondVolFlowRate));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpCondVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -5026,10 +5027,9 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                         if ((std::abs(GTEngineCapacityDes - this->GTEngineCapacity) / this->GTEngineCapacity) >
                             DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeGTChiller: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Gas Turbine Engine Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->GTEngineCapacity, 2) +
-                                              " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Gas Turbine Engine Capacity of " +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(GTEngineCapacityDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Gas Turbine Engine Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", this->GTEngineCapacity));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("differs from Design Size Gas Turbine Engine Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", GTEngineCapacityDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -5077,10 +5077,12 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate - DesignHeatRecVolFlowRateUser) / DesignHeatRecVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeGasTurbineChiller: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DesignHeatRecVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("User-Specified Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", DesignHeatRecVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("differs from Design Size Design Heat Recovery Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]",
+                                                             tmpHeatRecVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -5724,9 +5726,9 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                 if (condInletTemp > 70.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "CalcGTChillerModel: Condenser loop inlet temperatures over 70.0 C for GTChiller=" + this->Name);
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Condenser loop water temperatures are too high at" + General::RoundSigDigits(condInletTemp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Condenser loop water temperatures are too high at{:.2R}", condInletTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check input for condenser plant loop, especially cooling tower");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Evaporator inlet temperature: " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Evaporator inlet temperature: {:.2R}", DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp));
 
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program Terminates due to previous error condition");
                 }
@@ -5736,8 +5738,8 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "CalcGTChillerModel: Capacity ratio below zero for GTChiller=" + this->Name);
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check input for Capacity Ratio Curve");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Condenser inlet temperature: " + General::RoundSigDigits(condInletTemp, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Evaporator inlet temperature: " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Condenser inlet temperature: {:.2R}", condInletTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Evaporator inlet temperature: {:.2R}", DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program Terminates due to previous error condition");
                 }
             }
@@ -5923,15 +5925,13 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                 thisChiller.NomCapWasAutoSized = true;
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             thisChiller.COP = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -6502,9 +6502,8 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpNomCap - NomCapUser) / NomCapUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerConstantCOP: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(NomCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpNomCap, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", NomCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpNomCap));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -6556,10 +6555,11 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpEvapVolFlowRate - EvapVolFlowRateUser) / EvapVolFlowRateUser) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerConstantCOP: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(EvapVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpEvapVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", EvapVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Design Chilled Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpEvapVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -6619,10 +6619,11 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                                     if ((std::abs(tmpCondVolFlowRate - CondVolFlowRateUser) / CondVolFlowRateUser) >
                                         DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeChillerConstantCOP: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                          General::RoundSigDigits(CondVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                          General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCondVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state, format("User-Specified Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", CondVolFlowRateUser));
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state,
+                                            format("differs from Design Size Design Condenser Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpCondVolFlowRate));
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                     }
@@ -7125,9 +7126,9 @@ namespace PlantChillers {
                 if (CondInletTemp > 70.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "CalcConstCOPChillerModel: Condenser loop inlet temperatures over 70.0 C for ConstCOPChiller=" + this->Name);
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Condenser loop water temperatures are too high at" + General::RoundSigDigits(CondInletTemp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Condenser loop water temperatures are too high at{:.2R}", CondInletTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check input for condenser plant loop, especially cooling tower");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Evaporator inlet temperature: " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Evaporator inlet temperature: {:.2R}", DataLoopNode::Node(this->EvapInletNodeNum).Temp));
 
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program Terminates due to previous error condition");
                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantComponentTemperatureSources.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantComponentTemperatureSources.cc
index 608facecc54..d514a463d7c 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantComponentTemperatureSources.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantComponentTemperatureSources.cc
@@ -333,10 +333,9 @@ namespace PlantComponentTemperatureSources {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpVolFlowRate - DesVolFlowRateUser) / DesVolFlowRateUser) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizePlantComponentTemperatureSource: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Design Fluid Flow Rate of " + General::RoundSigDigits(DesVolFlowRateUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Design Fluid Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Design Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", DesVolFlowRateUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("differs from Design Size Design Fluid Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", tmpVolFlowRate));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantCondLoopOperation.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantCondLoopOperation.cc
index 863747ac057..4aba49c7483 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantCondLoopOperation.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantCondLoopOperation.cc
@@ -185,7 +185,6 @@ namespace PlantCondLoopOperation {
         using DataEnvironment::OutDryBulbTemp;
         using DataEnvironment::OutRelHum;
         using DataEnvironment::OutWetBulbTemp; // Current outdoor relative humidity [%]
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -795,7 +794,6 @@ CurrentModuleObject, PlantOpSchemeName);
         //       PlantEquipmentOperation:Uncontrolled
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         int const Plant(1);     // Used to identify whether the current loop is Plant
@@ -924,10 +922,13 @@ CurrentModuleObject, PlantOpSchemeName);
                                     ShowWarningError(state, LoopOpSchemeObj + " = \"" + PlantLoop(LoopNum).OperationScheme +
                                                      "\", detected overlapping ranges in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = \"" +
                                                      PlantLoop(LoopNum).OpScheme(SchemeNum).Name + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Range # " + RoundSigDigits(InnerListNum) +
-                                                      " Lower limit = " + RoundSigDigits(InnerListNumLowerLimit, 1) + " lies within the Range # " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(ListNum) + " (" + RoundSigDigits(OuterListNumLowerLimit, 1) + " to " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(OuterListNumUpperLimit, 1) + ").");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Range # {} Lower limit = {:.1R} lies within the Range # {} ({:.1R} to {:.1R}).",
+                                                             InnerListNum,
+                                                             InnerListNumLowerLimit,
+                                                             ListNum,
+                                                             OuterListNumLowerLimit,
+                                                             OuterListNumUpperLimit));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check that input for load range limit values do not overlap, and the simulation continues...");
                                 }
                                 // Check if inner list has an upper limit that is between an outer's lower and upper limit
@@ -935,10 +936,13 @@ CurrentModuleObject, PlantOpSchemeName);
                                     ShowWarningError(state, LoopOpSchemeObj + " = \"" + PlantLoop(LoopNum).OperationScheme +
                                                      "\", detected overlapping ranges in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = \"" +
                                                      PlantLoop(LoopNum).OpScheme(SchemeNum).Name + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Range # " + RoundSigDigits(InnerListNum) +
-                                                      " Upper limit = " + RoundSigDigits(InnerListNumUpperLimit, 1) + " lies within Range # " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(ListNum) + " (" + RoundSigDigits(OuterListNumLowerLimit, 1) + " to " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(OuterListNumUpperLimit, 1) + ").");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Range # {} Upper limit = {:.1R} lies within Range # {} ({:.1R} to {:.1R}).",
+                                                             InnerListNum,
+                                                             InnerListNumUpperLimit,
+                                                             ListNum,
+                                                             OuterListNumLowerLimit,
+                                                             OuterListNumUpperLimit));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check that input for load range limit values do not overlap, and the simulation continues...");
                                 }
                             }
@@ -1443,9 +1447,10 @@ CurrentModuleObject, PlantOpSchemeName);
                                     // call error...Demand node must be component inlet node for autosizing
                                 }
                             }
-                            BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state, CurrentModuleObject,
+                            BaseSizer::reportSizerOutput(state,
+                                                         CurrentModuleObject,
                                                          PlantLoop(LoopNum).OpScheme(SchemeNum).Name,
-                                                         "Design Water Flow Rate [m3/s] Equipment # " + std::to_string(Num),
+                                                         format("Design Water Flow Rate [m3/s] Equipment # {}", Num),
                                                          CompFlowRate);
                         }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantHeatExchangerFluidToFluid.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantHeatExchangerFluidToFluid.cc
index f1d7e1e0e1d..045a9dd5dcf 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantHeatExchangerFluidToFluid.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantHeatExchangerFluidToFluid.cc
@@ -2159,8 +2159,8 @@ namespace PlantHeatExchangerFluidToFluid {
                                 ++this->DmdSideModulatSolvNoConvergeErrorCount;
                                 ShowWarningError(state, ComponentClassName + " named " + this->Name +
                                                  " - Iteration Limit exceeded calculating demand side loop flow rate");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Simulation continues with calculated demand side mass flow rate = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DmdSideMdot, 7));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Simulation continues with calculated demand side mass flow rate = {:.7R}", DmdSideMdot));
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, ComponentClassName + " named " + this->Name +
                                                                " - Iteration Limit exceeded calculating demand side loop flow rate continues.",
@@ -2176,8 +2176,8 @@ namespace PlantHeatExchangerFluidToFluid {
                                 ++this->DmdSideModulatSolvFailErrorCount;
                                 ShowWarningError(state, ComponentClassName + " named " + this->Name +
                                                  " - Solver failed to calculate demand side loop flow rate");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Simulation continues with estimated demand side mass flow rate = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DmdSideMdot, 7));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Simulation continues with estimated demand side mass flow rate = {:.7R}", DmdSideMdot));
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, ComponentClassName + " named " + this->Name +
                                                                " - Solver failed to calculate demand side loop flow rate continues.",
@@ -2232,8 +2232,8 @@ namespace PlantHeatExchangerFluidToFluid {
                                 ++this->DmdSideModulatSolvNoConvergeErrorCount;
                                 ShowWarningError(state, ComponentClassName + " named " + this->Name +
                                                  " - Iteration Limit exceeded calculating demand side loop flow rate");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Simulation continues with calculated demand side mass flow rate = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DmdSideMdot, 7));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Simulation continues with calculated demand side mass flow rate = {:.7R}", DmdSideMdot));
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, ComponentClassName + " named " + this->Name +
                                                                " - Iteration Limit exceeded calculating demand side loop flow rate continues.",
@@ -2249,8 +2249,8 @@ namespace PlantHeatExchangerFluidToFluid {
                                 ++this->DmdSideModulatSolvFailErrorCount;
                                 ShowWarningError(state, ComponentClassName + " named " + this->Name +
                                                  " - Solver failed to calculate demand side loop flow rate");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Simulation continues with estimated demand side mass flow rate = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DmdSideMdot, 7));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Simulation continues with estimated demand side mass flow rate = {:.7R}", DmdSideMdot));
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, ComponentClassName + " named " + this->Name +
                                                                " - Solver failed to calculate demand side loop flow rate continues.",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantLoopHeatPumpEIR.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantLoopHeatPumpEIR.cc
index c41df9d2369..610d74985e8 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantLoopHeatPumpEIR.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantLoopHeatPumpEIR.cc
@@ -641,9 +641,8 @@ namespace EIRPlantLoopHeatPumps {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpCapacity - hardSizedCapacity) / hardSizedCapacity) > DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "EIRPlantLoopHeatPump::size(): Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(hardSizedCapacity, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of " + General::RoundSigDigits(tmpCapacity, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", hardSizedCapacity));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Nominal Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", tmpCapacity));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -681,10 +680,10 @@ namespace EIRPlantLoopHeatPumps {
                                 if ((std::abs(tmpLoadVolFlow - hardSizedLoadSideFlow) / hardSizedLoadSideFlow) >
                                     DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "EIRPlantLoopHeatPump::size(): Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Load Side Volume Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(hardSizedLoadSideFlow, 2) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Load Side Volume Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(tmpLoadVolFlow, 2) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Load Side Volume Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", hardSizedLoadSideFlow));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("differs from Design Size Load Side Volume Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", tmpLoadVolFlow));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -819,10 +818,9 @@ namespace EIRPlantLoopHeatPumps {
                         if ((std::abs(tmpSourceVolFlow - hardSizedSourceSideFlow) / hardSizedSourceSideFlow) >
                             DataSizing::AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                             ShowMessage(state, "EIRPlantLoopHeatPump::size(): Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Source Side Volume Flow Rate of " +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(hardSizedSourceSideFlow, 2) + " [m3/s]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Source Side Volume Flow Rate of " +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(tmpSourceVolFlow, 2) + " [m3/s]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Source Side Volume Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", hardSizedSourceSideFlow));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("differs from Design Size Source Side Volume Flow Rate of {:.2R} [m3/s]", tmpSourceVolFlow));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -898,8 +896,10 @@ namespace EIRPlantLoopHeatPumps {
             // protected by the input processor to be >0.0
             // fatal out just in case
             errorsFound = true;                                                                                      // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-            ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid condenser flow rate for EIR PLHP (name="                                        // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                            + this->name + "; entered value: " + std::to_string(this->sourceSideDesignVolFlowRate)); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            ShowSevereError(state,
+                            format("Invalid condenser flow rate for EIR PLHP (name={}; entered value: {}",
+                                   this->name,
+                                   this->sourceSideDesignVolFlowRate)); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         } else {
             // can't imagine how it would ever get to this point
             // just assume it's the same as the load side if we don't have any sizing information
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantPipingSystemsManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantPipingSystemsManager.cc
index 36172cf3d5a..fdfc5d7b3cc 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantPipingSystemsManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantPipingSystemsManager.cc
@@ -491,9 +491,10 @@ namespace EnergyPlus {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "PipingSystems::" + RoutineName +
                                             ": A pipe was outside of the domain extents after performing corrections for basement or burial depth.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Pipe segment name:" + thisSegment->Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Corrected pipe location: ( x,y )=( " +
-                                              General::TrimSigDigits(thisSegment->PipeLocation.X, 2) + ',' +
-                                              General::TrimSigDigits(thisSegment->PipeLocation.Y, 2) + " )");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Corrected pipe location: ( x,y )=( {:.2T},{:.2T} )",
+                                                     thisSegment->PipeLocation.X,
+                                                     thisSegment->PipeLocation.Y));
                         }
                     } // segment loop
                 } // circuit loop
@@ -1673,8 +1674,10 @@ namespace EnergyPlus {
                 // Issue a severe if Inner >= Outer diameter
                 if (thisCircuit.PipeSize.InnerDia >= thisCircuit.PipeSize.OuterDia) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + ": " + ObjName_HorizTrench + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" has invalid pipe diameters.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Outer diameter [" + General::TrimSigDigits(thisCircuit.PipeSize.OuterDia, 3)
-                            + "] must be greater than inner diameter [" + General::TrimSigDigits(thisCircuit.PipeSize.InnerDia, 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Outer diameter [{:.3T}] must be greater than inner diameter [{:.3T}].",
+                                             thisCircuit.PipeSize.OuterDia,
+                                             thisCircuit.PipeSize.InnerDia));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -1943,8 +1946,7 @@ namespace EnergyPlus {
                 for (int ThisCircuitPipeSegmentCounter = 1;
                      ThisCircuitPipeSegmentCounter <= NumPipeSegments; ++ThisCircuitPipeSegmentCounter) {
                     Segment segment;
-                    segment.Name = "HorizontalTrenchCircuit" + std::to_string(HorizontalGHXCtr) + "Segment" +
-                                   std::to_string(ThisCircuitPipeSegmentCounter);
+                    segment.Name = format("HorizontalTrenchCircuit{}Segment{}", HorizontalGHXCtr, ThisCircuitPipeSegmentCounter);
                     segment.IsActuallyPartOfAHorizontalTrench = true;
                     segment.PipeLocation = PointF(ThisCircuitPipeSegmentCounter * thisInterPipeSpacing,
                                                   thisBurialDepth);
@@ -2281,8 +2283,10 @@ namespace EnergyPlus {
             //       MODIFIED       na
             //       RE-ENGINEERED  na
 
-            ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + ':' + ObjectName + "=\"" + InstanceName + "\", invalid " + FieldName + "=\"" +
-                            General::TrimSigDigits(FieldEntry, 3) + "\", Condition: " + Condition);
+            ShowSevereError(
+                state,
+                format(
+                    "{}:{}=\"{}\", invalid {}=\"{:.3T}\", Condition: {}", RoutineName, ObjectName, InstanceName, FieldName, FieldEntry, Condition));
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantUtilities.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantUtilities.cc
index 7bf1d65f34f..6dab0dd1141 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantUtilities.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantUtilities.cc
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/Plant/DataPlant.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSizing.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/PlantUtilities.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.hh>
 
@@ -273,7 +272,7 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
                 if (!DataLoopNode::Node(InletNode).plantNodeErrorMsgIssued) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "SetComponentFlowRate: check component model implementation for component with inlet node named=" +
                                             DataLoopNode::NodeID(InletNode));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Inlet node MassFlowRatMax = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataLoopNode::Node(InletNode).MassFlowRateMax, 8));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Inlet node MassFlowRatMax = {:.8R}", DataLoopNode::Node(InletNode).MassFlowRateMax));
                     DataLoopNode::Node(InletNode).plantNodeErrorMsgIssued = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -479,13 +478,14 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
                 if ((CompFlow - a_node.MassFlowRateMaxAvail > DataBranchAirLoopPlant::MassFlowTolerance) || (a_node.MassFlowRateMinAvail - CompFlow > DataBranchAirLoopPlant::MassFlowTolerance)) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "SetActuatedBranchFlowRate: Flow rate is out of range"); // DEBUG error...should never get here
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Component flow rate [kg/s] = " + General::RoundSigDigits(CompFlow, 8));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Node maximum flow rate available [kg/s] = " + General::RoundSigDigits(a_node.MassFlowRateMaxAvail, 8));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Node minimum flow rate available [kg/s] = " + General::RoundSigDigits(a_node.MassFlowRateMinAvail, 8));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Component flow rate [kg/s] = {:.8R}", CompFlow));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Node maximum flow rate available [kg/s] = {:.8R}", a_node.MassFlowRateMaxAvail));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Node minimum flow rate available [kg/s] = {:.8R}", a_node.MassFlowRateMinAvail));
                 }
             } else {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SetActuatedBranchFlowRate: Flowlock out of range, value=" +
-                                       General::RoundSigDigits(loop_side.FlowLock)); // DEBUG error...should never get here LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SetActuatedBranchFlowRate: Flowlock out of range, value={}",
+                                      loop_side.FlowLock)); // DEBUG error...should never get here LCOV_EXCL_LINE
             }
 
             Real64 const a_node_MasFlowRate(a_node.MassFlowRate);
@@ -630,7 +630,6 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
         using DataPlant::DemandSide;
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using DataPlant::SupplySide;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int MixerOutletNode;
@@ -656,10 +655,10 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop name= " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Plant Connector:Mixer name= " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).Mixer.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Mixer outlet mass flow rate= " + RoundSigDigits(Node(MixerOutletNode).MassFlowRate, 6) + " {kg/s}");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Mixer outlet mass flow rate= {:.6R} {{kg/s}}", Node(MixerOutletNode).MassFlowRate));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Plant Connector:Splitter name= " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).Splitter.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Splitter inlet mass flow rate= " + RoundSigDigits(Node(SplitterInletNode).MassFlowRate, 6) + " {kg/s}");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Difference in two mass flow rates= " + RoundSigDigits(AbsDifference, 6) + " {kg/s}");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Splitter inlet mass flow rate= {:.6R} {{kg/s}}", Node(SplitterInletNode).MassFlowRate));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Difference in two mass flow rates= {:.6R} {{kg/s}}", AbsDifference));
                     }
                     ShowRecurringSevereErrorAtEnd(state, "Plant Flows (Loop=" + PlantLoop(LoopNum).Name +
                                                       ") splitter inlet flow not match mixer outlet flow",
@@ -674,10 +673,10 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop name= " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Plant Connector:Mixer name= " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).Mixer.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Mixer outlet mass flow rate= " + RoundSigDigits(Node(MixerOutletNode).MassFlowRate, 6) + " {kg/s}");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Mixer outlet mass flow rate= {:.6R} {{kg/s}}", Node(MixerOutletNode).MassFlowRate));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Plant Connector:Splitter name= " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).Splitter.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Splitter inlet mass flow rate= " + RoundSigDigits(Node(SplitterInletNode).MassFlowRate, 6) + " {kg/s}");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Difference in two mass flow rates= " + RoundSigDigits(AbsDifference, 6) + " {kg/s}");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Splitter inlet mass flow rate= {:.6R} {{kg/s}}", Node(SplitterInletNode).MassFlowRate));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Difference in two mass flow rates= {:.6R} {{kg/s}}", AbsDifference));
                         ShowFatalError(state, "CheckPlantMixerSplitterConsistency: Simulation terminated because of problems in plant flow resolver");
                     }
                 }
@@ -702,10 +701,10 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop name= " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Plant Connector:Mixer name= " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).Mixer.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Sum of Branch outlet mass flow rates= " + RoundSigDigits(SumOutletFlow, 6) + " {kg/s}");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Sum of Branch outlet mass flow rates= {:.6R} {{kg/s}}", SumOutletFlow));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Plant Connector:Splitter name= " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).Splitter.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Splitter inlet mass flow rate= " + RoundSigDigits(Node(SplitterInletNode).MassFlowRate, 6) + " {kg/s}");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Difference in two mass flow rates= " + RoundSigDigits(AbsDifference, 6) + " {kg/s}");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Splitter inlet mass flow rate= {:.6R} {{kg/s}}", Node(SplitterInletNode).MassFlowRate));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Difference in two mass flow rates= {:.6R} {{kg/s}}", AbsDifference));
                     }
                     ShowRecurringSevereErrorAtEnd(state, "Plant Flows (Loop=" + PlantLoop(LoopNum).Name +
                                                       ") splitter inlet flow does not match branch outlet flows",
@@ -747,7 +746,6 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
         using DataPlant::DemandSide;
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using DataPlant::SupplySide;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -816,8 +814,8 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
                 DemandSupply = "Unknown";
             }
             ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Name (" + DemandSupply + "Side)= " + PlantLoop(LoopNum).Name);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Setpoint Temperature=" + RoundSigDigits(Node(PlantLoop(LoopNum).TempSetPointNodeNum).TempSetPoint, 1) +
-                              " {C}");
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("PlantLoop Setpoint Temperature={:.1R} {{C}}", Node(PlantLoop(LoopNum).TempSetPointNodeNum).TempSetPoint));
             if (PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(SupplySide).InletNodeSetPt) {
                 ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Inlet Node (SupplySide) has a Setpoint.");
             } else {
@@ -838,25 +836,33 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
             } else {
                 ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Outlet Node (DemandSide) does not have a Setpoint.");
             }
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Outlet Node (" + DemandSupply + "Side) \"" + NodeID(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).NodeNumOut) +
-                              "\" has temperature=" + RoundSigDigits(Node(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).NodeNumOut).Temp, 1) + " {C}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Inlet Node (" + DemandSupply + "Side) \"" + NodeID(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).NodeNumIn) +
-                              "\" has temperature=" + RoundSigDigits(Node(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).NodeNumIn).Temp, 1) + " {C}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Minimum Temperature=" + RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).MinTemp, 1) + " {C}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Maximum Temperature=" + RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).MaxTemp, 1) + " {C}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Flow Request (SupplySide)=" + RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(SupplySide).FlowRequest, 1) +
-                              " {kg/s}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Flow Request (DemandSide)=" + RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(DemandSide).FlowRequest, 1) +
-                              " {kg/s}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Node (" + DemandSupply + "Side) \"" + NodeID(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).NodeNumOut) +
-                              "\" has mass flow rate =" + RoundSigDigits(Node(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).NodeNumOut).MassFlowRate, 1) +
-                              " {kg/s}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop PumpHeat (SupplySide)=" + RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(SupplySide).TotalPumpHeat, 1) + " {W}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop PumpHeat (DemandSide)=" + RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(DemandSide).TotalPumpHeat, 1) + " {W}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Cooling Demand=" + RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).CoolingDemand, 1) + " {W}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Heating Demand=" + RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).HeatingDemand, 1) + " {W}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Demand not Dispatched=" + RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).DemandNotDispatched, 1) + " {W}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Unmet Demand=" + RoundSigDigits(PlantLoop(LoopNum).UnmetDemand, 1) + " {W}");
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("PlantLoop Outlet Node ({}Side) \"{}\" has temperature={:.1R} {{C}}",
+                                     DemandSupply,
+                                     NodeID(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).NodeNumOut),
+                                     Node(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).NodeNumOut).Temp));
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("PlantLoop Inlet Node ({}Side) \"{}\" has temperature={:.1R} {{C}}",
+                                     DemandSupply,
+                                     NodeID(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).NodeNumIn),
+                                     Node(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).NodeNumIn).Temp));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop Minimum Temperature={:.1R} {{C}}", PlantLoop(LoopNum).MinTemp));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop Maximum Temperature={:.1R} {{C}}", PlantLoop(LoopNum).MaxTemp));
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("PlantLoop Flow Request (SupplySide)={:.1R} {{kg/s}}", PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(SupplySide).FlowRequest));
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("PlantLoop Flow Request (DemandSide)={:.1R} {{kg/s}}", PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(DemandSide).FlowRequest));
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("PlantLoop Node ({}Side) \"{}\" has mass flow rate ={:.1R} {{kg/s}}",
+                                     DemandSupply,
+                                     NodeID(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).NodeNumOut),
+                                     Node(PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(LoopSideNum).NodeNumOut).MassFlowRate));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop PumpHeat (SupplySide)={:.1R} {{W}}", PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(SupplySide).TotalPumpHeat));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop PumpHeat (DemandSide)={:.1R} {{W}}", PlantLoop(LoopNum).LoopSide(DemandSide).TotalPumpHeat));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop Cooling Demand={:.1R} {{W}}", PlantLoop(LoopNum).CoolingDemand));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop Heating Demand={:.1R} {{W}}", PlantLoop(LoopNum).HeatingDemand));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop Demand not Dispatched={:.1R} {{W}}", PlantLoop(LoopNum).DemandNotDispatched));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop Unmet Demand={:.1R} {{W}}", PlantLoop(LoopNum).UnmetDemand));
 
             LoopCapacity = 0.0;
             DispatchedCapacity = 0.0;
@@ -875,13 +881,13 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
                     LoopSupplySideDispatchedCapacity = DispatchedCapacity - LoopDemandSideDispatchedCapacity;
                 }
             }
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Capacity=" + RoundSigDigits(LoopCapacity, 1) + " {W}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Capacity (SupplySide)=" + RoundSigDigits(LoopSupplySideCapacity, 1) + " {W}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Capacity (DemandSide)=" + RoundSigDigits(LoopDemandSideCapacity, 1) + " {W}");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop Capacity={:.1R} {{W}}", LoopCapacity));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop Capacity (SupplySide)={:.1R} {{W}}", LoopSupplySideCapacity));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop Capacity (DemandSide)={:.1R} {{W}}", LoopDemandSideCapacity));
             ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Operation Scheme=" + PlantLoop(LoopNum).OperationScheme);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Operation Dispatched Load = " + RoundSigDigits(DispatchedCapacity, 1) + " {W}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Operation Dispatched Load (SupplySide)= " + RoundSigDigits(LoopSupplySideDispatchedCapacity, 1) + " {W}");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "PlantLoop Operation Dispatched Load (DemandSide)= " + RoundSigDigits(LoopDemandSideDispatchedCapacity, 1) + " {W}");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop Operation Dispatched Load = {:.1R} {{W}}", DispatchedCapacity));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop Operation Dispatched Load (SupplySide)= {:.1R} {{W}}", LoopSupplySideDispatchedCapacity));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("PlantLoop Operation Dispatched Load (DemandSide)= {:.1R} {{W}}", LoopDemandSideDispatchedCapacity));
             ShowContinueError(state, "Branches on the Loop.");
             ShowBranchesOnLoop(state, LoopNum);
             ShowContinueError(state, "*************************");
@@ -1368,7 +1374,6 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataPlant;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Object Data
         PlantCallingOrderInfoStruct RecordToMoveInPlantCallingOrderInfo;
@@ -1753,7 +1758,6 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using BranchInputManager::AuditBranches;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int LoopCtr;
@@ -1843,8 +1847,8 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
                 }
                 errFlag = true;
             } else {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "ScanPlantLoopsForObject: Invalid CompType passed [" + RoundSigDigits(CompType) + "], Name=" + CompName);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Valid CompTypes are in the range [1 - " + RoundSigDigits(DataPlant::NumSimPlantEquipTypes) + "].");
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("ScanPlantLoopsForObject: Invalid CompType passed [{}], Name={}", CompType, CompName));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Valid CompTypes are in the range [1 - {}].", DataPlant::NumSimPlantEquipTypes));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Previous error causes program termination");
             }
         }
@@ -1876,26 +1880,6 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
         // METHODOLOGY EMPLOYED:
         // Loop thru plant data structure and find matching node.
 
-        // REFERENCES:
-        // na
-
-        // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-
-        // Locals
-        // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
-
-        // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
-        // na
-
-        // INTERFACE BLOCK SPECIFICATIONS:
-        // na
-
-        // DERIVED TYPE DEFINITIONS:
-        // na
-
-        // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
-
         int LoopCtr;
         int LoopSideCtr;
         int BranchCtr;
@@ -1949,7 +1933,7 @@ namespace PlantUtilities {
             } else {
                 ShowContinueError(state, "during sizing: called by " + CallerName);
             }
-            if (outFoundCount > 0) ShowContinueError(state, "Node was found as outlet node (for component) " + RoundSigDigits(outFoundCount) + " time(s).");
+            if (outFoundCount > 0) ShowContinueError(state, format("Node was found as outlet node (for component) {} time(s).", outFoundCount));
             ShowContinueError(state, "Possible error in Branch inputs.  For more information, look for other error messages related to this node name.");
             // fatal?
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantValves.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantValves.cc
index 07a347ffee8..8cc8f635648 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PlantValves.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PlantValves.cc
@@ -85,7 +85,6 @@ namespace PlantValves {
     // Collect "valve" type models for Plant loops
 
     using namespace DataLoopNode;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
     // MODULE VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
     int NumTemperingValves;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PluginManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PluginManager.cc
index a74762fa299..f41d96266a4 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PluginManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PluginManager.cc
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ namespace PluginManagement {
     }
 #endif
 
-    void PluginManager::setupOutputVariables(EnergyPlusData &state)
+    void PluginManager::setupOutputVariables([[maybe_unused]] EnergyPlusData &state)
     {
 #if LINK_WITH_PYTHON == 1
         // with the PythonPlugin:Variables all set in memory, we can now set them up as outputs as needed
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ namespace PluginManagement {
     }
 #endif
 
-    void PluginInstance::reportPythonError(EnergyPlusData &state)
+    void PluginInstance::reportPythonError([[maybe_unused]] EnergyPlusData &state)
     {
 #if LINK_WITH_PYTHON == 1
         PyObject *exc_type = nullptr;
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ namespace PluginManagement {
 #endif
     }
 
-    void PluginInstance::setup(EnergyPlusData &state)
+    void PluginInstance::setup([[maybe_unused]] EnergyPlusData &state)
     {
 #if LINK_WITH_PYTHON == 1
         // this first section is really all about just ultimately getting a full Python class instance
@@ -1093,7 +1093,7 @@ namespace PluginManagement {
         }
     }
 #else
-    void PluginManager::addToPythonPath(EnergyPlusData &state, [[maybe_unused]] const std::string &path, [[maybe_unused]] bool userDefinedPath)
+    void PluginManager::addToPythonPath([[maybe_unused]] EnergyPlusData &state, const std::string &EP_UNUSED(path), bool EP_UNUSED(userDefinedPath))
     {
     }
 #endif
@@ -1134,9 +1134,9 @@ namespace PluginManagement {
         }
     }
 #else
-    int PluginManager::getGlobalVariableHandle(EnergyPlusData &state,
-                                               [[maybe_unused]] const std::string &name,
-                                               [[maybe_unused]] bool const suppress_warning)
+    int PluginManager::getGlobalVariableHandle([[maybe_unused]] EnergyPlusData &state,
+                                               const std::string &EP_UNUSED(name),
+                                               bool const EP_UNUSED(suppress_warning))
     {
         return -1;
     }
@@ -1278,7 +1278,7 @@ namespace PluginManagement {
     }
 #endif
 
-    void PluginManager::updatePluginValues(EnergyPlusData &state)
+    void PluginManager::updatePluginValues([[maybe_unused]] EnergyPlusData &state)
     {
 #if LINK_WITH_PYTHON == 1
         for (auto &trend : trends) {
@@ -1299,14 +1299,14 @@ namespace PluginManagement {
         try {
             return PluginManagement::globalVariableValues[handle];  // TODO: This won't be caught as an exception I think
         } catch (...) {
-            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(state, "Tried to access plugin global variable value at index " + std::to_string(handle));
-            EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(state, "Available handles range from 0 to " + std::to_string(PluginManagement::globalVariableValues.size() - 1));
+            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(state, format("Tried to access plugin global variable value at index {}", handle));
+            EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(state, format("Available handles range from 0 to {}", PluginManagement::globalVariableValues.size() - 1));
             EnergyPlus::ShowFatalError(state, "Plugin global variable problem causes program termination");
         }
         return 0.0;
     }
 #else
-    Real64 PluginManager::getGlobalVariableValue(EnergyPlusData &state, [[maybe_unused]] int handle)
+    Real64 PluginManager::getGlobalVariableValue([[maybe_unused]] EnergyPlusData &state, int EP_UNUSED(handle))
     {
         return 0.0;
     }
@@ -1322,13 +1322,13 @@ namespace PluginManagement {
         try {
             PluginManagement::globalVariableValues[handle] = value;  // TODO: This won't be caught as an exception I think
         } catch (...) {
-            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(state, "Tried to set plugin global variable value at index " + std::to_string(handle));
-            EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(state, "Available handles range from 0 to " + std::to_string(PluginManagement::globalVariableValues.size() - 1));
+            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(state, format("Tried to set plugin global variable value at index {}", handle));
+            EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(state, format("Available handles range from 0 to {}", PluginManagement::globalVariableValues.size() - 1));
             EnergyPlus::ShowFatalError(state, "Plugin global variable problem causes program termination");
         }
     }
 #else
-    void PluginManager::setGlobalVariableValue(EnergyPlusData &state, [[maybe_unused]] int handle, [[maybe_unused]] Real64 value)
+    void PluginManager::setGlobalVariableValue([[maybe_unused]] EnergyPlusData &state, int EP_UNUSED(handle), Real64 EP_UNUSED(value))
     {
     }
 #endif
@@ -1384,7 +1384,7 @@ namespace PluginManagement {
         return numTotalThings > 0;
     }
 #else
-    bool PluginManager::anyUnexpectedPluginObjects(EnergyPlusData &state)
+    bool PluginManager::anyUnexpectedPluginObjects([[maybe_unused]] EnergyPlusData &state)
     {
         return false;
     }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PondGroundHeatExchanger.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PondGroundHeatExchanger.cc
index 183dc6241fb..a4c12f0d648 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PondGroundHeatExchanger.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PondGroundHeatExchanger.cc
@@ -266,15 +266,13 @@ namespace PondGroundHeatExchanger {
             PondGHE(Item).Depth = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1);
             PondGHE(Item).Area = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2) <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -285,24 +283,25 @@ namespace PondGroundHeatExchanger {
             PondGHE(Item).TubeOutDiameter = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(4);
 
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3) <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(4) <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(4), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(4)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3) > DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(4)) { // error
                 ShowSevereError(state, "For " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3) + " [" + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3), 2) +
-                                  "] > " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4) + " [" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(4), 2) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("{} [{:.2R}] > {} [{:.2R}]",
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(3),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(4),
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(4)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -311,15 +310,13 @@ namespace PondGroundHeatExchanger {
             PondGHE(Item).GrndConductivity = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6);
 
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(5) <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(5) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(5), 4));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(5), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(5)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6) <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6), 4));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -329,16 +326,14 @@ namespace PondGroundHeatExchanger {
             PondGHE(Item).NumCircuits = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7);
 
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7) <= 0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             PondGHE(Item).CircuitLength = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8);
             if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8) <= 0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8) + '=' +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -353,8 +348,7 @@ namespace PondGroundHeatExchanger {
 
         if (!DataEnvironment::GroundTemp_DeepObjInput) {
             ShowWarningError(state, "GetPondGroundHeatExchanger:  No \"Site:GroundTemperature:Deep\" were input.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Defaults, constant throughout the year of (" + General::RoundSigDigits(DataEnvironment::GroundTemp_Deep, 1) +
-                              ") will be used.");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Defaults, constant throughout the year of ({:.1R}) will be used.", DataEnvironment::GroundTemp_Deep));
         }
     }
 
@@ -829,8 +823,10 @@ namespace PondGroundHeatExchanger {
         if (PondTemperature < 0.0) {
             ++this->ConsecutiveFrozen;
             if (this->FrozenErrIndex == 0) {
-                ShowWarningMessage(state, "GroundHeatExchanger:Pond=\"" + this->Name + "\", is frozen; Pond model not valid. Calculated Pond Temperature=[" +
-                                   General::RoundSigDigits(PondTemperature, 2) + "] C");
+                ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                   format("GroundHeatExchanger:Pond=\"{}\", is frozen; Pond model not valid. Calculated Pond Temperature=[{:.2R}] C",
+                                          this->Name,
+                                          PondTemperature));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             }
             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "GroundHeatExchanger:Pond=\"" + this->Name + "\", is frozen",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PoweredInductionUnits.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PoweredInductionUnits.cc
index 10361c60bc5..57481e3507b 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PoweredInductionUnits.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PoweredInductionUnits.cc
@@ -192,7 +192,6 @@ namespace PoweredInductionUnits {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataSizing::TermUnitPIU;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int PIUNum; // index of powered induction unit being simulated
@@ -215,13 +214,16 @@ namespace PoweredInductionUnits {
         } else {
             PIUNum = CompIndex;
             if (PIUNum > NumPIUs || PIUNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimPIU: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompIndex) + ", Number of PIU Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumPIUs) +
-                               ", PIU Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimPIU: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of PIU Units={}, PIU Unit name={}", CompIndex, NumPIUs, CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(PIUNum)) {
                 if (CompName != PIU(PIUNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimPIU: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompIndex) + ", PIU Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored PIU Unit Name for that index=" + PIU(PIUNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimPIU: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, PIU Unit name={}, stored PIU Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          CompIndex,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          PIU(PIUNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(PIUNum) = false;
             }
@@ -1001,7 +1003,7 @@ namespace PoweredInductionUnits {
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::MyPlantSizingIndex;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1097,9 +1099,9 @@ namespace PoweredInductionUnits {
                         if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                             if ((std::abs(MaxPriAirVolFlowDes - MaxPriAirVolFlowUser) / MaxPriAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizePIU: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PIU(PIUNum).UnitType + ' ' + PIU(PIUNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Primary Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxPriAirVolFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Primary Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxPriAirVolFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Primary Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxPriAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Primary Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxPriAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1142,9 +1144,9 @@ namespace PoweredInductionUnits {
                         if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                             if ((std::abs(MaxTotAirVolFlowDes - MaxTotAirVolFlowUser) / MaxTotAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizePIU: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PIU(PIUNum).UnitType + ' ' + PIU(PIUNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxTotAirVolFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxTotAirVolFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxTotAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Maximum Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxTotAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1189,10 +1191,10 @@ namespace PoweredInductionUnits {
                         if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                             if ((std::abs(MaxSecAirVolFlowDes - MaxSecAirVolFlowUser) / MaxSecAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizePIU: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PIU(PIUNum).UnitType + ' ' + PIU(PIUNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Secondary Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxSecAirVolFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Secondary Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MaxSecAirVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("User-Specified Maximum Secondary Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxSecAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Secondary Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxSecAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1235,9 +1237,9 @@ namespace PoweredInductionUnits {
                         if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                             if ((std::abs(MinPriAirFlowFracDes - MinPriAirFlowFracUser) / MinPriAirFlowFracUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizePIU: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PIU(PIUNum).UnitType + ' ' + PIU(PIUNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Minimum Primary Air Flow Fraction of " + RoundSigDigits(MinPriAirFlowFracUser, 1));
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Minimum Primary Air Flow Fraction of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MinPriAirFlowFracDes, 1));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Minimum Primary Air Flow Fraction of {:.1R}", MinPriAirFlowFracUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Minimum Primary Air Flow Fraction of {:.1R}", MinPriAirFlowFracDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1287,8 +1289,8 @@ namespace PoweredInductionUnits {
                         if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                             if ((std::abs(FanOnFlowFracDes - FanOnFlowFracUser) / FanOnFlowFracUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizePIU: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PIU(PIUNum).UnitType + ' ' + PIU(PIUNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Fan On Flow Fraction of " + RoundSigDigits(FanOnFlowFracUser, 1));
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Fan On Flow Fraction of " + RoundSigDigits(FanOnFlowFracDes, 1));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Fan On Flow Fraction of {:.1R}", FanOnFlowFracUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Fan On Flow Fraction of {:.1R}", FanOnFlowFracDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1375,10 +1377,11 @@ namespace PoweredInductionUnits {
                                 if ((std::abs(MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes - MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser) / MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizePIU: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PIU(PIUNum).UnitType + ' ' +
                                                 PIU(PIUNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Reheat Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Reheat Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Maximum Reheat Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Maximum Reheat Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1453,10 +1456,10 @@ namespace PoweredInductionUnits {
                                 if ((std::abs(MaxVolHotSteamFlowDes - MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser) / MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizePIU: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PIU(PIUNum).UnitType + ' ' +
                                                 PIU(PIUNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Reheat Steam Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Reheat Steam Flow of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotSteamFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Maximum Reheat Steam Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Reheat Steam Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotSteamFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Psychrometrics.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Psychrometrics.cc
index bf3f82c6ea2..b86bef5255d 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Psychrometrics.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Psychrometrics.cc
@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@
 // OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 // POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
+// C++ Headers
+#include <cstdlib>
+
 // ObjexxFCL Headers
 #include <ObjexxFCL/Fmath.hh>
 
@@ -101,7 +104,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
 
     // Use Statements for other routines
 #ifdef EP_psych_errors
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
 #endif
 
     // Data
@@ -329,7 +332,6 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -374,11 +376,10 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
     )
     {
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         if (rhoair < 0.0) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW: RhoAir (Density of Air) is calculated <= 0 [" + RoundSigDigits(rhoair, 5) + "].");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "pb =[" + RoundSigDigits(pb, 2) + "], tdb=[" + RoundSigDigits(tdb, 2) + "], w=[" + RoundSigDigits(dw, 7) + "].");
+            ShowSevereError(state, format("PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW: RhoAir (Density of Air) is calculated <= 0 [{:.5R}].", rhoair));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("pb =[{:.2R}], tdb=[{:.2R}], w=[{:.7R}].", pb, tdb, dw));
             if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
             } else {
@@ -399,8 +400,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         if (RHValue > 1.01) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyRhFnTdbRhovLBnd0C) == 0) {
-                    String = " Dry-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(Tdb, 2) + " Rhovapor= " + TrimSigDigits(Rhovapor, 3) +
-                             " Calculated Relative Humidity [%]= " + TrimSigDigits(RHValue * 100.0, 2);
+                    String = format(" Dry-Bulb= {:.2T} Rhovapor= {:.3T} Calculated Relative Humidity [%]= {:.2T}", Tdb, Rhovapor, RHValue * 100.0);
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Calculated Relative Humidity out of range (PsyRhFnTdbRhovLBnd0C) ");
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -421,8 +421,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         } else if (RHValue < -0.05) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyRhFnTdbRhovLBnd0C) == 0) {
-                    String = " Dry-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(Tdb, 2) + " Rhovapor= " + TrimSigDigits(Rhovapor, 3) +
-                             " Calculated Relative Humidity [%]= " + TrimSigDigits(RHValue * 100.0, 2);
+                    String = format(" Dry-Bulb= {:.2T} Rhovapor= {:.3T} Calculated Relative Humidity [%]= {:.2T}", Tdb, Rhovapor, RHValue * 100.0);
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Calculated Relative Humidity out of range (PsyRhFnTdbRhovLBnd0C) ");
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -614,7 +613,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                     } else {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Input Temperature=" + TrimSigDigits(TDB, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Input Temperature={:.2T}", TDB));
                     FlagError = true;
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -629,8 +628,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
             if (W <= -0.0001) {
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                     if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyTwbFnTdbWPb2) == 0) {
-                        String = " Dry-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(TDB, 2) + " Humidity Ratio= " + TrimSigDigits(W, 3) +
-                                 " Pressure= " + TrimSigDigits(Patm, 2);
+                        String = format(" Dry-Bulb= {:.2T} Humidity Ratio= {:.3T} Pressure= {:.2T}", TDB, W, Patm);
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "Entered Humidity Ratio invalid (PsyTwbFnTdbWPb)");
                         if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -638,7 +636,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                         }
                         ShowContinueError(state, String);
-                        String = "Humidity Ratio= " + TrimSigDigits(W, 4);
+                        String = format("Humidity Ratio= {:.4T}", W);
                         ShowContinueError(state, String + " ... Humidity Ratio set to .00001");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -709,15 +707,15 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         if (iter > itmax) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyTwbFnTdbWPb3) == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "WetBulb not converged after " + TrimSigDigits(iter) + " iterations(PsyTwbFnTdbWPb)");
+                    ShowWarningMessage(state, format("WetBulb not converged after {} iterations(PsyTwbFnTdbWPb)", iter));
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
                     } else {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Input Temperature = " + TrimSigDigits(TDB, 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Input Humidity Ratio= " + TrimSigDigits(W, 6));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Input Pressure = " + TrimSigDigits(Patm, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Input Temperature = {:.2T}", TDB));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Input Humidity Ratio= {:.6T}", W));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Input Pressure = {:.2T}", Patm));
                     FlagError = true;
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "WetBulb not converged after max iterations(PsyTwbFnTdbWPb)", iPsyErrIndex(iPsyTwbFnTdbWPb3));
@@ -730,7 +728,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
 
 #ifdef EP_psych_errors
         if (FlagError) {
-            ShowContinueError(state, " Resultant Temperature= " + TrimSigDigits(WBT, 2));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format(" Resultant Temperature= {:.2T}", WBT));
         }
 #endif
 
@@ -757,7 +755,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         if (V <= -0.01) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyVFnTdbWPb) == 0) {
-                    String = " Dry-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(TDB, 2) + " Humidity Ratio= " + TrimSigDigits(w, 3) + " Pressure= " + TrimSigDigits(PB, 2);
+                    String = format(" Dry-Bulb= {:.2T} Humidity Ratio= {:.3T} Pressure= {:.2T}", TDB, w, PB);
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Calculated Specific Volume out of range (PsyVFnTdbWPb)");
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -765,7 +763,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
                     ShowContinueError(state, String);
-                    String = "Calculated Volume= " + TrimSigDigits(V, 3);
+                    String = format("Calculated Volume= {:.3T}", V);
                     ShowContinueError(state, String + " ... Since Calculated Volume < 0.0, it is set to .83");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -785,7 +783,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         if (W < -0.0001) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyWFnTdbH) == 0) {
-                    String = " Dry-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(TDB, 2) + " Enthalpy= " + TrimSigDigits(H, 3);
+                    String = format(" Dry-Bulb= {:.2T} Enthalpy= {:.3T}", TDB, H);
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Calculated Humidity Ratio invalid (PsyWFnTdbH)");
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -793,7 +791,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
                     ShowContinueError(state, String);
-                    String = "Calculated Humidity Ratio= " + TrimSigDigits(W, 4);
+                    String = format("Calculated Humidity Ratio= {:.4T}", W);
                     ShowContinueError(state, String + " ... Humidity Ratio set to .00001");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Calculated Humidity Ratio invalid (PsyWFnTdbH)", iPsyErrIndex(iPsyWFnTdbH), W, W, _, "[]", "[]");
@@ -867,7 +865,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                     } else {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Input Temperature=" + TrimSigDigits(T, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Input Temperature={:.2T}", T));
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                     "Temperature out of range [-100. to 200.] (PsyPsatFnTemp)", iPsyErrIndex(iPsyPsatFnTemp), T, T, _, "C", "C");
@@ -941,7 +939,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         if (TWB > (TDB + 0.01)) {
             if (ReportErrors && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyWFnTdbTwbPb) == 0) {
-                    String = " Dry-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(TDB, 2) + " Pressure= " + TrimSigDigits(PB, 2);
+                    String = format(" Dry-Bulb= {:.2T} Pressure= {:.2T}", TDB, PB);
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Given Wet Bulb Temperature invalid (PsyWFnTdbTwbPb)");
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -949,7 +947,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
                     ShowContinueError(state, String);
-                    String = "Calculated Wet-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(TWB, 2);
+                    String = format("Calculated Wet-Bulb= {:.2T}", TWB);
                     ShowContinueError(state, String + " ... Since Dry Bulb < Wet Bulb, Wet Bulb set = to Dry Bulb");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -971,7 +969,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         if (W < 0.0) {
             if (ReportErrors && !state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyWFnTdbTwbPb2) == 0) {
-                    String = " Dry-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(TDB, 2) + " Wet-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(TWB, 2) + " Pressure= " + TrimSigDigits(PB, 2);
+                    String = format(" Dry-Bulb= {:.2T} Wet-Bulb= {:.2T} Pressure= {:.2T}", TDB, TWB, PB);
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Calculated Humidity Ratio Invalid (PsyWFnTdbTwbPb)");
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -979,7 +977,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
                     ShowContinueError(state, String);
-                    String = "Calculated Humidity Ratio= " + TrimSigDigits(W, 4) + ", will recalculate Humidity Ratio";
+                    String = format("Calculated Humidity Ratio= {:.4T}, will recalculate Humidity Ratio", W);
                     ShowContinueError(state, String + " using Relative Humidity .01% (and Dry-Bulb and Pressure as shown)");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1007,10 +1005,9 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                     } else {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
-                    String = " Dry-bulb=" + TrimSigDigits(TDB, 2) + " Wet-Bulb (WB)= " + TrimSigDigits(TWB, 2) +
-                             " Pressure= " + TrimSigDigits(PB, 2) + " Humidity Ratio=" + TrimSigDigits(W, 3);
+                    String = format(" Dry-bulb={:.2T} Wet-Bulb (WB)= {:.2T} Pressure= {:.2T} Humidity Ratio={:.3T}", TDB, TWB, PB, W);
                     ShowContinueError(state, String);
-                    String = " Calculated Dew Point Temperature (DPT)= " + TrimSigDigits(TDP, 2) + "; Since DPT > WB, DPT will be set to WB";
+                    String = format(" Calculated Dew Point Temperature (DPT)= {:.2T}; Since DPT > WB, DPT will be set to WB", TDP);
                     ShowContinueError(state, String);
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1087,7 +1084,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                     } else {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
-                    String = " Enthalpy=" + TrimSigDigits(HH, 5) + " Pressure= " + TrimSigDigits(PB, 2);
+                    String = format(" Enthalpy={:.5T} Pressure= {:.2T}", HH, PB);
                     ShowContinueError(state, String);
                     FlagError = true;
                 }
@@ -1140,7 +1137,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
 
 #ifdef EP_psych_errors
         if (FlagError) {
-            ShowContinueError(state, " Initial Resultant Temperature= " + TrimSigDigits(T, 2));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format(" Initial Resultant Temperature= {:.2T}", T));
         }
 #endif
         if (std::abs(PB - 1.0133e5) / 1.0133e5 > 0.01) {
@@ -1174,8 +1171,8 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                     } else {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
-                    String = " Enthalpy=" + TrimSigDigits(HH, 5) + " Pressure= " + TrimSigDigits(PB, 2);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, String + " Last T=" + TrimSigDigits(T, 2));
+                    String = format(" Enthalpy={:.5T} Pressure= {:.2T}", HH, PB);
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("{} Last T={:.2T}", String, T));
                 }
 #endif
             }
@@ -1195,8 +1192,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         if (RHValue > 1.01) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyRhFnTdbRhov) == 0) {
-                    String = " Dry-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(Tdb, 2) + " Rhovapor= " + TrimSigDigits(Rhovapor, 3) +
-                             " Calculated Relative Humidity [%]= " + TrimSigDigits(RHValue * 100.0, 2);
+                    String = format(" Dry-Bulb= {:.2T} Rhovapor= {:.3T} Calculated Relative Humidity [%]= {:.2T}", Tdb, Rhovapor, RHValue * 100.0);
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Calculated Relative Humidity out of range (PsyRhFnTdbRhov) ");
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -1217,8 +1213,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         } else if (RHValue < -0.05) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyRhFnTdbRhov) == 0) {
-                    String = " Dry-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(Tdb, 2) + " Rhovapor= " + TrimSigDigits(Rhovapor, 3) +
-                             " Calculated Relative Humidity [%]= " + TrimSigDigits(RHValue * 100.0, 2);
+                    String = format(" Dry-Bulb= {:.2T} Rhovapor= {:.3T} Calculated Relative Humidity [%]= {:.2T}", Tdb, Rhovapor, RHValue * 100.0);
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Calculated Relative Humidity out of range (PsyRhFnTdbRhov) ");
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -1250,8 +1245,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         if (RHValue > 1.01) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyRhFnTdbWPb) == 0) {
-                    String = " Dry-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(TDB, 2) + " Humidity Ratio= " + TrimSigDigits(W, 3) +
-                             " Calculated Relative Humidity [%]= " + TrimSigDigits(RHValue * 100.0, 2);
+                    String = format(" Dry-Bulb= {:.2T} Humidity Ratio= {:.3T} Calculated Relative Humidity [%]= {:.2T}", TDB, W, RHValue * 100.0);
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Calculated Relative Humidity out of range (PsyRhFnTdbWPb) ");
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -1272,8 +1266,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         } else if (RHValue < -0.05) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyRhFnTdbWPb) == 0) {
-                    String = " Dry-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(TDB, 2) + " Humidity Ratio= " + TrimSigDigits(W, 3) +
-                             " Calculated Relative Humidity [%]= " + TrimSigDigits(RHValue * 100.0, 2);
+                    String = format(" Dry-Bulb= {:.2T} Humidity Ratio= {:.3T} Calculated Relative Humidity [%]= {:.2T}", TDB, W, RHValue * 100.0);
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Calculated Relative Humidity out of range (PsyRhFnTdbWPb) ");
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -1305,7 +1298,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
     {
         if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
             if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyWFnTdpPb) == 0) {
-                String = " Dew-Point= " + TrimSigDigits(TDP, 2) + " Barometric Pressure= " + TrimSigDigits(PB, 2);
+                String = format(" Dew-Point= {:.2T} Barometric Pressure= {:.2T}", TDP, PB);
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "Calculated partial vapor pressure is greater than the barometric pressure, so that calculated humidity ratio is invalid (PsyWFnTdpPb).");
                 if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -1313,8 +1306,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                 }
                 ShowContinueError(state, String);
-                String = "Instead, calculated Humidity Ratio at " + TrimSigDigits(TDP - DeltaT, 1) + " (" + TrimSigDigits(DeltaT) +
-                         " degree less) = " + TrimSigDigits(W, 4);
+                String = format("Instead, calculated Humidity Ratio at {:.1T} ({} degree less) = {:.4T}", TDP - DeltaT, static_cast<int>(DeltaT), W);
                 ShowContinueError(state, String + " will be used. Simulation continues.");
             }
             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Entered Humidity Ratio invalid (PsyWFnTdpPb)", iPsyErrIndex(iPsyWFnTdpPb), W, W, _, "[]", "[]");
@@ -1333,8 +1325,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         if (W <= -0.0001) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyWFnTdbRhPb) == 0) {
-                    String = " Dry-Bulb= " + TrimSigDigits(TDB, 2) + " Relative Humidity [%]= " + TrimSigDigits(RH * 100.0, 2) +
-                             " Pressure= " + TrimSigDigits(PB, 2);
+                    String = format(" Dry-Bulb= {:.2T} Relative Humidity [%]= {:.2T} Pressure= {:.2T}", TDB, RH * 100.0, PB);
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Calculated Humidity Ratio is invalid (PsyWFnTdbRhPb)");
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
@@ -1342,7 +1333,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
                     ShowContinueError(state, String);
-                    String = "Calculated Humidity Ratio= " + TrimSigDigits(W, 4);
+                    String = format("Calculated Humidity Ratio= {:.4T}", W);
                     ShowContinueError(state, String + " ... Humidity Ratio set to .00001");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1423,7 +1414,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
                     } else {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Input Pressure= " + TrimSigDigits(Press, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Input Pressure= {:.2T}", Press));
                     FlagError = true;
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "Pressure out of range (PsyTsatFnPb)", iPsyErrIndex(iPsyTsatFnPb), Press, Press, _, "Pa", "Pa");
@@ -1495,13 +1486,13 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
         if (iter > itmax) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                 if (iPsyErrIndex(iPsyTsatFnPb2) == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "Saturation Temperature not converged after " + TrimSigDigits(iter) + " iterations (PsyTsatFnPb)");
+                    ShowWarningMessage(state, format("Saturation Temperature not converged after {} iterations (PsyTsatFnPb)", iter));
                     if (!CalledFrom.empty()) {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=" + CalledFrom + ',');
                     } else {
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Routine=Unknown,");
                     }
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Input Pressure= " + TrimSigDigits(Press, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Input Pressure= {:.2T}", Press));
                     FlagError = true;
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -1515,7 +1506,7 @@ namespace Psychrometrics {
 
 #ifdef EP_psych_errors
         if (FlagError) {
-            ShowContinueError(state, " Resultant Temperature= " + TrimSigDigits(Temp, 2));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format(" Resultant Temperature= {:.2T}", Temp));
         }
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/Pumps.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/Pumps.cc
index 728e5dc7fac..f1bff5da6c4 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/Pumps.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/Pumps.cc
@@ -210,7 +210,6 @@ namespace Pumps {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataPlant::FlowPumpQuery;
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
 
@@ -239,12 +238,15 @@ namespace Pumps {
             PumpNum = PumpIndex;
             if (PumpEquip(PumpNum).CheckEquipName) {
                 if (PumpNum > NumPumps || PumpNum < 1) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "ManagePumps: Invalid PumpIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(PumpNum) +
-                                   ", Number of Pumps=" + TrimSigDigits(NumPumps) + ", Pump name=" + PumpName);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("ManagePumps: Invalid PumpIndex passed={}, Number of Pumps={}, Pump name={}", PumpNum, NumPumps, PumpName));
                 }
                 if (PumpName != PumpEquip(PumpNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "ManagePumps: Invalid PumpIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(PumpNum) + ", Pump name=" + PumpName +
-                                   ", stored Pump Name for that index=" + PumpEquip(PumpNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("ManagePumps: Invalid PumpIndex passed={}, Pump name={}, stored Pump Name for that index={}",
+                                          PumpNum,
+                                          PumpName,
+                                          PumpEquip(PumpNum).Name));
                 }
                 PumpEquip(PumpNum).CheckEquipName = false;
             }
@@ -440,8 +442,11 @@ namespace Pumps {
                 // Check that the minimum isn't greater than the maximum
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + PumpEquip(PumpNum).Name + "\", Invalid '" + cNumericFieldNames(10) +
                                  "'");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entered Value=[" + General::TrimSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).MinVolFlowRate, 5) + "] is above the " +
-                                  cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" + General::TrimSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomVolFlowRate, 5) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Entered Value=[{:.5T}] is above the {}=[{:.5T}].",
+                                         PumpEquip(PumpNum).MinVolFlowRate,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomVolFlowRate));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Reseting value of '" + cNumericFieldNames(10) + "' to the value of '" + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "'.");
                 // Set min to roughly max, but not quite, otherwise it can't turn on, ever
                 PumpEquip(PumpNum).MinVolFlowRate = 0.99 * PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomVolFlowRate;
@@ -1293,7 +1298,7 @@ namespace Pumps {
         using DataPlant::PlantReSizingCompleted;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSatDensityRefrig;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::InitComponentNodes;
         using PlantUtilities::ScanPlantLoopsForObject;
 
@@ -1381,29 +1386,50 @@ namespace Pumps {
                 TotalEffic = PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomVolFlowRate * PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPumpHead / PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPowerUse;
                 PumpEquip(PumpNum).PumpEffic = TotalEffic / PumpEquip(PumpNum).MotorEffic;
                 if (PumpEquip(PumpNum).PumpEffic < 0.50) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "Check input. Calculated Pump Efficiency=" + RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).PumpEffic * 100.0, 2) +
-                                     "% which is less than 50%, for pump=" + PumpEquip(PumpNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated Pump_Efficiency % =Total_Efficiency % [" + RoundSigDigits(TotalEffic * 100.0, 1) +
-                                      "] / Motor_Efficiency % [" + RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).MotorEffic * 100.0, 1) + ']');
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Total_Efficiency % =(Rated_Volume_Flow_Rate [" + RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomVolFlowRate, 1) +
-                                      "] * Rated_Pump_Head [" + RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPumpHead, 1) + "] / Rated_Power_Use [" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPowerUse, 1) + "]) * 100.");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("Check input. Calculated Pump Efficiency={:.2R}% which is less than 50%, for pump={}",
+                                            PumpEquip(PumpNum).PumpEffic * 100.0,
+                                            PumpEquip(PumpNum).Name));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Calculated Pump_Efficiency % =Total_Efficiency % [{:.1R}] / Motor_Efficiency % [{:.1R}]",
+                                             TotalEffic * 100.0,
+                                             PumpEquip(PumpNum).MotorEffic * 100.0));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Total_Efficiency % =(Rated_Volume_Flow_Rate [{:.1R}] * Rated_Pump_Head [{:.1R}] / Rated_Power_Use [{:.1R}]) * 100.",
+                               PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomVolFlowRate,
+                               PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPumpHead,
+                               PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPowerUse));
                 } else if ((PumpEquip(PumpNum).PumpEffic > 0.95) && (PumpEquip(PumpNum).PumpEffic <= 1.0)) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "Check input.  Calculated Pump Efficiency=" + RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).PumpEffic * 100.0, 2) +
-                                     "% is approaching 100%, for pump=" + PumpEquip(PumpNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated Pump_Efficiency % =Total_Efficiency % [" + RoundSigDigits(TotalEffic * 100.0, 1) +
-                                      "] / Motor_Efficiency % [" + RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).MotorEffic * 100.0, 1) + ']');
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Total_Efficiency % =(Rated_Volume_Flow_Rate [" + RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomVolFlowRate, 1) +
-                                      "] * Rated_Pump_Head [" + RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPumpHead, 1) + "] / Rated_Power_Use [" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPowerUse, 1) + "]) * 100.");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("Check input.  Calculated Pump Efficiency={:.2R}% is approaching 100%, for pump={}",
+                                            PumpEquip(PumpNum).PumpEffic * 100.0,
+                                            PumpEquip(PumpNum).Name));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Calculated Pump_Efficiency % =Total_Efficiency % [{:.1R}] / Motor_Efficiency % [{:.1R}]",
+                                             TotalEffic * 100.0,
+                                             PumpEquip(PumpNum).MotorEffic * 100.0));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Total_Efficiency % =(Rated_Volume_Flow_Rate [{:.1R}] * Rated_Pump_Head [{:.1R}] / Rated_Power_Use [{:.1R}]) * 100.",
+                               PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomVolFlowRate,
+                               PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPumpHead,
+                               PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPowerUse));
                 } else if (PumpEquip(PumpNum).PumpEffic > 1.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "Check input.  Calculated Pump Efficiency=" + RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).PumpEffic * 100.0, 3) +
-                                    "% which is bigger than 100%, for pump=" + PumpEquip(PumpNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated Pump_Efficiency % =Total_Efficiency % [" + RoundSigDigits(TotalEffic * 100.0, 1) +
-                                      "] / Motor_Efficiency % [" + RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).MotorEffic * 100.0, 1) + ']');
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Total_Efficiency % =(Rated_Volume_Flow_Rate [" + RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomVolFlowRate, 1) +
-                                      "] * Rated_Pump_Head [" + RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPumpHead, 1) + "] / Rated_Power_Use [" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPowerUse, 1) + "]) * 100.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("Check input.  Calculated Pump Efficiency={:.3R}% which is bigger than 100%, for pump={}",
+                                           PumpEquip(PumpNum).PumpEffic * 100.0,
+                                           PumpEquip(PumpNum).Name));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Calculated Pump_Efficiency % =Total_Efficiency % [{:.1R}] / Motor_Efficiency % [{:.1R}]",
+                                             TotalEffic * 100.0,
+                                             PumpEquip(PumpNum).MotorEffic * 100.0));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Total_Efficiency % =(Rated_Volume_Flow_Rate [{:.1R}] * Rated_Pump_Head [{:.1R}] / Rated_Power_Use [{:.1R}]) * 100.",
+                               PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomVolFlowRate,
+                               PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPumpHead,
+                               PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomPowerUse));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Errors found in Pump input");
                 }
             } else {
@@ -1740,7 +1766,7 @@ namespace Pumps {
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
 
@@ -1919,8 +1945,7 @@ namespace Pumps {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + " Calculated Pump Power < 0, Type=" + cPumpTypes(PumpType) + ", Name=\"" + PumpEquip(PumpNum).Name +
                                    "\".");
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...PartLoadRatio=[" + RoundSigDigits(PartLoadRatio, 4) +
-                                  "], Fraction Full Load Power=" + RoundSigDigits(FracFullLoadPower, 4) + ']');
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...PartLoadRatio=[{:.4R}], Fraction Full Load Power={:.4R}]", PartLoadRatio, FracFullLoadPower));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Power is set to 0 for continuing the simulation.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Pump coefficients should be checked for producing this negative value.");
             }
@@ -2014,7 +2039,6 @@ namespace Pumps {
         using DataSizing::PlantSizData;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSatDensityRefrig;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -2123,8 +2147,9 @@ namespace Pumps {
                 } else {
                     if (PlantFinalSizesOkayToReport) {
                         PumpEquip(PumpNum).NomVolFlowRate = 0.0;
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "SizePump: Calculated Pump Nominal Volume Flow Rate=[" +
-                                         RoundSigDigits(PlantSizData(PlantSizNum).DesVolFlowRate, 2) + "] is too small. Set to 0.0");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("SizePump: Calculated Pump Nominal Volume Flow Rate=[{:.2R}] is too small. Set to 0.0",
+                                                PlantSizData(PlantSizNum).DesVolFlowRate));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..occurs for Pump=" + PumpEquip(PumpNum).Name);
                     }
                 }
@@ -2384,7 +2409,7 @@ namespace Pumps {
         using DataPlant::Press_FlowCorrection;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantPressureSystem::ResolveLoopFlowVsPressure;
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/PurchasedAirManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/PurchasedAirManager.cc
index 6b58815637e..c4d36facf40 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/PurchasedAirManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/PurchasedAirManager.cc
@@ -225,7 +225,6 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
         // at the system time step.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
 
@@ -248,13 +247,19 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
         } else {
             PurchAirNum = CompIndex;
             if (PurchAirNum > NumPurchAir || PurchAirNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimPurchasedAir:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(PurchAirNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumPurchAir) + ", Entered Unit name=" + PurchAirName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimPurchasedAir:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      PurchAirNum,
+                                      NumPurchAir,
+                                      PurchAirName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(PurchAirNum)) {
                 if (PurchAirName != PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimPurchasedAir: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(PurchAirNum) + ", Unit name=" + PurchAirName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimPurchasedAir: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          PurchAirNum,
+                                          PurchAirName,
+                                          PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(PurchAirNum) = false;
             }
@@ -1118,7 +1123,7 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipInputsFilled;
         using General::FindNumberInList;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ZonePlenum::GetReturnPlenumIndex;
         using ZonePlenum::GetReturnPlenumName;
 
@@ -1294,10 +1299,11 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
                 if (PurchAir(PurchAirNum).CoolErrIndex == 0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "InitPurchasedAir: For " + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).cObjectName + " = " + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name +
                                     " serving Zone " + Zone(ActualZoneNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..the minimum supply air temperature for cooling [" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(PurchAir(PurchAirNum).MinCoolSuppAirTemp, 2) +
-                                      "] is greater than the zone cooling mean air temperature (MAT) setpoint [" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(ZoneThermostatSetPointHi(ActualZoneNum), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("..the minimum supply air temperature for cooling [{:.2R}] is greater than the zone cooling mean air "
+                                             "temperature (MAT) setpoint [{:.2R}].",
+                                             PurchAir(PurchAirNum).MinCoolSuppAirTemp,
+                                             ZoneThermostatSetPointHi(ActualZoneNum)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..For operative and comfort thermostat controls, the MAT setpoint is computed.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..This error may indicate that the mean radiant temperature or another comfort factor is too warm.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Unit availability is nominally ON and Cooling availability is nominally ON.");
@@ -1336,10 +1342,11 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
                 if (PurchAir(PurchAirNum).HeatErrIndex == 0) {
                     ShowSevereMessage(state, "InitPurchasedAir: For " + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).cObjectName + " = " + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name +
                                       " serving Zone " + Zone(ActualZoneNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..the maximum supply air temperature for heating [" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(PurchAir(PurchAirNum).MaxHeatSuppAirTemp, 2) +
-                                      "] is less than the zone mean air temperature heating setpoint [" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(ZoneThermostatSetPointLo(ActualZoneNum), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("..the maximum supply air temperature for heating [{:.2R}] is less than the zone mean air temperature "
+                                             "heating setpoint [{:.2R}].",
+                                             PurchAir(PurchAirNum).MaxHeatSuppAirTemp,
+                                             ZoneThermostatSetPointLo(ActualZoneNum)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..For operative and comfort thermostat controls, the MAT setpoint is computed.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..This error may indicate that the mean radiant temperature or another comfort factor is too cold.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Unit availability is nominally ON and Heating availability is nominally ON.");
@@ -1386,7 +1393,7 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
         using DataHVACGlobals::CoolingCapacitySizing;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HeatingAirflowSizing;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HeatingCapacitySizing;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using Psychrometrics::CPCW;
         using Psychrometrics::CPHW;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyCpAirFnW;
@@ -1585,10 +1592,11 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
                                 if ((std::abs(MaxHeatSensCapDes - MaxHeatSensCapUser) / MaxHeatSensCapUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizePurchasedAir: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).cObjectName +
                                                 ' ' + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...User-Specified Maximum Sensible Heating Capacity of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxHeatSensCapUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...differs from Design Size Maximum Sensible Heating Capacity of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxHeatSensCapDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("...User-Specified Maximum Sensible Heating Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", MaxHeatSensCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("...differs from Design Size Maximum Sensible Heating Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", MaxHeatSensCapDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1746,10 +1754,10 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
                                 if ((std::abs(MaxCoolTotCapDes - MaxCoolTotCapUser) / MaxCoolTotCapUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizePurchasedAir: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).cObjectName +
                                                 ' ' + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Total Cooling Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxCoolTotCapUser, 2) +
-                                                      " [W]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Total Cooling Capacity of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxCoolTotCapDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Maximum Total Cooling Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", MaxCoolTotCapUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Total Cooling Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", MaxCoolTotCapDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1846,10 +1854,10 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
                             if ((std::abs(MaxHeatSensCapDes - MaxHeatSensCapUser) / MaxHeatSensCapUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizePurchasedAir: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).cObjectName + ' ' +
                                             PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...User-Specified Maximum Sensible Heating Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxHeatSensCapUser, 2) +
-                                                  " [W]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...differs from Design Size Maximum Sensible Heating Capacity of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MaxHeatSensCapDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("...User-Specified Maximum Sensible Heating Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", MaxHeatSensCapUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("...differs from Design Size Maximum Sensible Heating Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", MaxHeatSensCapDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1944,10 +1952,9 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
                             if ((std::abs(MaxCoolTotCapDes - MaxCoolTotCapUser) / MaxCoolTotCapUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizePurchasedAir: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).cObjectName + ' ' +
                                             PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Total Cooling Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxCoolTotCapUser, 2) +
-                                                  " [W]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Total Cooling Capacity of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MaxCoolTotCapDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Total Cooling Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", MaxCoolTotCapUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Maximum Total Cooling Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", MaxCoolTotCapDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -2007,7 +2014,6 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::ZoneSysMoistureDemand;
         using DataZoneEquipment::PurchasedAir_Num;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -2160,10 +2166,14 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
                     OAVolFlowRate = OAMassFlowRate / StdRhoAir;
                     if (PurchAir(PurchAirNum).OAFlowMaxCoolOutputError < 1) {
                         ++PurchAir(PurchAirNum).OAFlowMaxCoolOutputError;
-                        ShowWarningError(state, PurchAir(PurchAirNum).cObjectName + " \"" + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name +
-                                         "\" Requested outdoor air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(OAVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s] exceeds limit.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Will be reduced to the Maximum Cooling Air Flow Rate = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(PurchAir(PurchAirNum).MaxCoolVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{} \"{}\" Requested outdoor air flow rate = {:.5T} [m3/s] exceeds limit.",
+                                                PurchAir(PurchAirNum).cObjectName,
+                                                PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name,
+                                                OAVolFlowRate));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format(" Will be reduced to the Maximum Cooling Air Flow Rate = {:.5T} [m3/s]",
+                                                 PurchAir(PurchAirNum).MaxCoolVolFlowRate));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     } else {
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -2434,10 +2444,14 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
                     OAVolFlowRate = OAMassFlowRate / StdRhoAir;
                     if (PurchAir(PurchAirNum).OAFlowMaxHeatOutputError < 1) {
                         ++PurchAir(PurchAirNum).OAFlowMaxHeatOutputError;
-                        ShowWarningError(state, PurchAir(PurchAirNum).cObjectName + " \"" + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name +
-                                         "\" Requested outdoor air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(OAVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s] exceeds limit.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " Will be reduced to the Maximum Heating Air Flow Rate = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(PurchAir(PurchAirNum).MaxHeatVolFlowRate, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{} \"{}\" Requested outdoor air flow rate = {:.5T} [m3/s] exceeds limit.",
+                                                PurchAir(PurchAirNum).cObjectName,
+                                                PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name,
+                                                OAVolFlowRate));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format(" Will be reduced to the Maximum Heating Air Flow Rate = {:.5T} [m3/s]",
+                                                 PurchAir(PurchAirNum).MaxHeatVolFlowRate));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     } else {
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -2669,9 +2683,12 @@ namespace PurchasedAirManager {
                 if (DeltaHumRat > SmallDeltaHumRat) {
                     if (PurchAir(PurchAirNum).SaturationOutputError < 1) {
                         ++PurchAir(PurchAirNum).SaturationOutputError;
-                        ShowWarningError(state, PurchAir(PurchAirNum).cObjectName + " \"" + PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name +
-                                         "\" Supply humidity ratio = " + TrimSigDigits(SupplyHumRatOrig, 5) + " exceeds saturation limit " +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(SupplyHumRatSat, 5) + " [kgWater/kgDryAir]");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{} \"{}\" Supply humidity ratio = {:.5T} exceeds saturation limit {:.5T} [kgWater/kgDryAir]",
+                                                PurchAir(PurchAirNum).cObjectName,
+                                                PurchAir(PurchAirNum).Name,
+                                                SupplyHumRatOrig,
+                                                SupplyHumRatSat));
                         ShowContinueError(state, " Simulation continuing . . . ");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     } else {
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/RefrigeratedCase.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/RefrigeratedCase.cc
index 3afe14ae4a3..659da06e909 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/RefrigeratedCase.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/RefrigeratedCase.cc
@@ -1105,7 +1105,7 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                 if (RefrigCase(CaseNum).Height <= 0.0 && RefrigCase(CaseNum).AntiSweatControlType == ASHeatBalance) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + RefrigCase(CaseNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(NumNum) +
                                     " must be greater than 0 when " + cAlphaFieldNames(7) + " is Heat Balance Method.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..given " + cNumericFieldNames(NumNum) + " was: " + General::RoundSigDigits(RefrigCase(CaseNum).Height, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..given {} was: {:.3R}", cNumericFieldNames(NumNum), RefrigCase(CaseNum).Height));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -4093,11 +4093,14 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                             Real64 NominalSecondaryCapacity = FlowMassRated * CpBrineRated * Secondary(SecondaryNum).TRangeDifRated;
                             Real64 TestDelta = (NominalSecondaryCapacity - Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated) / NominalSecondaryCapacity;
                             if (std::abs(TestDelta) > 0.2) {
-                                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name +
-                                                 " You may wish to check the system definition. Based upon the design flow rate and range "
-                                                 "temperature difference,  The nominal secondary loop heat exchanger capacity is, " +
-                                                 General::RoundSigDigits(NominalSecondaryCapacity, 0) + " but the specified design capacity is,  " +
-                                                 General::RoundSigDigits(Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated, 0));
+                                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                                 format("{}=\"{} You may wish to check the system definition. Based upon the design flow rate and "
+                                                        "range temperature difference,  The nominal secondary loop heat exchanger capacity is, "
+                                                        "{:.0R} but the specified design capacity is,  {:.0R}",
+                                                        CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                        Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name,
+                                                        NominalSecondaryCapacity,
+                                                        Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated));
                             }
                         } else if (!lNumericBlanks(1)) {
                             Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated = Numbers(1);
@@ -4122,9 +4125,12 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                                 (FlowMassRated * CpBrineRated * (TBrineInRated - Secondary(SecondaryNum).TEvapDesign));
                             Secondary(SecondaryNum).TBrineInRated = TBrineInRated;
                             if (Secondary(SecondaryNum).HeatExchangeEta > 0.99) {
-                                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name +
-                                                 " You may wish to check the system definition.  The heat exchanger effectiveness is, " +
-                                                 General::RoundSigDigits(Secondary(SecondaryNum).HeatExchangeEta, 2));
+                                ShowWarningError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{} You may wish to check the system definition.  The heat exchanger effectiveness is, {:.2R}",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name,
+                                           Secondary(SecondaryNum).HeatExchangeEta));
                                 Secondary(SecondaryNum).HeatExchangeEta = 0.99;
                             }
                         } else {
@@ -4174,11 +4180,16 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                                 DensityPhaseChange * DeltaHPhaseChange * PumpTotRatedFlowVol / Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated;
                             Real64 DiffCircRates = (CalcCircRate - Secondary(SecondaryNum).CircRate) / Secondary(SecondaryNum).CircRate;
                             if (std::abs(DiffCircRates) > 0.3) {
-                                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name + ' ' + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
-                                                 " Produces a circulating rate of " + General::RoundSigDigits(CalcCircRate, 2) +
-                                                 " ;  A circulating rate of " + General::RoundSigDigits(Secondary(SecondaryNum).CircRate, 2) +
-                                                 " would need a " + cNumericFieldNames(7) + " of " + General::RoundSigDigits(CalcTotFlowVol, 2) +
-                                                 " m3/s");
+                                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                                 format("{}=\"{} {} Produces a circulating rate of {:.2R} ;  A circulating rate of {:.2R} would need "
+                                                        "a {} of {:.2R} m3/s",
+                                                        CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                        Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name,
+                                                        cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                                        CalcCircRate,
+                                                        Secondary(SecondaryNum).CircRate,
+                                                        cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                                        CalcTotFlowVol));
                             } // warning check on pump flow rate vs circ rate input
                         }     // blank pump flow rate
                         SecondaryFlowVolRated = PumpTotRatedFlowVol;
@@ -4271,9 +4282,13 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                         if ((0.5 <= Numbers(NumNum)) && (1.0 >= Numbers(NumNum))) {
                             Secondary(SecondaryNum).PumpPowerToHeat = Numbers(NumNum);
                         } else {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name + "\" " +
-                                             cNumericFieldNames(NumNum) + " must be between 0.5 and 1.0. Default value of : " +
-                                             General::RoundSigDigits(PumpMotorEfficiency, 3) + " will be used");
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{}{}=\"{}\" {} must be between 0.5 and 1.0. Default value of : {:.3R} will be used",
+                                                    RoutineName,
+                                                    CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                    Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name,
+                                                    cNumericFieldNames(NumNum),
+                                                    PumpMotorEfficiency));
                         } // range of pump moter heat to fluid
                     }     // blank input for pumppowertoheat
 
@@ -4381,10 +4396,13 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                     if (Secondary(SecondaryNum).FluidType == SecFluidTypeAlwaysLiquid) {
                         if (TBrineOutRated > (Secondary(SecondaryNum).TMinNeeded + 0.5)) {
                             ShowWarningError(state,
-                                CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name +
-                                " The design brine temperature to the refrigeration loads: " + General::RoundSigDigits(TBrineOutRated, 1) + " ;");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " is greater than the design inlet temperature for at least one of the cases or walkins: " +
-                                              General::RoundSigDigits(Secondary(SecondaryNum).TMinNeeded, 1));
+                                             format("{}=\"{} The design brine temperature to the refrigeration loads: {:.1R} ;",
+                                                    CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                    Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name,
+                                                    TBrineOutRated));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format(" is greater than the design inlet temperature for at least one of the cases or walkins: {:.1R}",
+                                                     Secondary(SecondaryNum).TMinNeeded));
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 " Compare your Approach and Evaporating Temperature to the design inlet temperatures needed for the loads.");
                             // ErrorsFound = .TRUE.
@@ -4395,11 +4413,13 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                         Real64 DeltaCap1 =
                             std::abs((Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated - CapacityAtMaxVolFlow) / Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated);
                         if (DeltaCap1 > (0.3)) { // diff between chiller rating and capacity at max flow > 30%
-                            ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name +
-                                             "\" You may wish to check the system sizing.  The nominal secondary loop heat exchanger capacity is " +
-                                             General::RoundSigDigits(Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated, 0) +
-                                             " But the capacity based upon the maximum flow rate is " +
-                                             General::RoundSigDigits(CapacityAtMaxVolFlow, 0));
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{}=\"{}\" You may wish to check the system sizing.  The nominal secondary loop heat exchanger "
+                                                    "capacity is {:.0R} But the capacity based upon the maximum flow rate is {:.0R}",
+                                                    CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                    Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name,
+                                                    Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated,
+                                                    CapacityAtMaxVolFlow));
                         }                            // DeltaCap1 > .3
                     } else {                         // Fluid type phase change                !^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                         if (lNumericBlanks(1)) {     // Chiller/evaporator capacity was not specified
@@ -4426,18 +4446,24 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                     Real64 DeltaCap2 =
                         std::abs((Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated - NominalSecondaryRefLoad) / Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated);
                     if (DeltaCap2 > (0.3)) { // diff between chiller rating and sum of nominal loads > 30%
-                        ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name +
-                                         "\" You may wish to check the system sizing. Total nominal refrigerating load is " +
-                                         General::RoundSigDigits(NominalSecondaryRefLoad, 0) +
-                                         " (Including cases, walk-ins, and pump heat).  The nominal secondary loop heat exchanger capacity is " +
-                                         General::RoundSigDigits(Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated, 0));
+                        ShowWarningError(
+                            state,
+                            format("{}=\"{}\" You may wish to check the system sizing. Total nominal refrigerating load is {:.0R} (Including cases, "
+                                   "walk-ins, and pump heat).  The nominal secondary loop heat exchanger capacity is {:.0R}",
+                                   CurrentModuleObject,
+                                   Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name,
+                                   NominalSecondaryRefLoad,
+                                   Secondary(SecondaryNum).CoolingLoadRated));
                     }
                     // compare rated xt xchanger brine flow to the total rated pump flow
                     if (SecondaryFlowVolRated > (1.1 * PumpTotRatedFlowVol)) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name +
-                                         "\" You may wish to check the pump sizing. Total nominal brine flow is " +
-                                         General::RoundSigDigits(SecondaryFlowVolRated, 0) + " m3/s, but the total nominal pump flow rate is:  " +
-                                         General::RoundSigDigits(PumpTotRatedFlowVol, 0) + " m3/s. ");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{}=\"{}\" You may wish to check the pump sizing. Total nominal brine flow is {:.0R} m3/s, but the "
+                                                "total nominal pump flow rate is:  {:.0R} m3/s. ",
+                                                CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                Secondary(SecondaryNum).Name,
+                                                SecondaryFlowVolRated,
+                                                PumpTotRatedFlowVol));
                     }
 
                 } // Secondary Loops
@@ -5307,8 +5333,10 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                     System(RefrigSysNum).IntercoolerEffectiveness = Numbers(4);
                     if (System(RefrigSysNum).IntercoolerEffectiveness < 0.0 || System(RefrigSysNum).IntercoolerEffectiveness > 1.0) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + System(RefrigSysNum).Name + "\", The specified value for the");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(4) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(System(RefrigSysNum).IntercoolerEffectiveness, 2) +
-                                          " is invalid.  This value must be");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("{} = {:.2R} is invalid.  This value must be",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(4),
+                                                 System(RefrigSysNum).IntercoolerEffectiveness));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "between 0.0 and 1.0.  The default value of 0.8 will be used.");
                         System(RefrigSysNum).IntercoolerEffectiveness = 0.8;
                     }
@@ -5421,19 +5449,25 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                 if (System(RefrigSysNum).SystemRejectHeatToZone) NominalCondCap *= 2.0;
                 if (System(RefrigSysNum).NumStages == 1) { // Single-stage system
                     if ((NominalTotalCompCap < (0.7 * NominalTotalCoolingCap)) || (NominalCondCap < (1.3 * NominalTotalCoolingCap))) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + System(RefrigSysNum).Name +
-                                         "\", You may wish to check the system sizing. Total nominal cooling capacity is " +
-                                         General::RoundSigDigits(NominalTotalCoolingCap, 0) + "W. Condenser capacity is " +
-                                         General::RoundSigDigits(NominalCondCap, 0) + "W. Nominal compressor capacity is " +
-                                         General::RoundSigDigits(NominalTotalCompCap, 0) + "W.");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{}=\"{}\", You may wish to check the system sizing. Total nominal cooling capacity is {:.0R}W. "
+                                                "Condenser capacity is {:.0R}W. Nominal compressor capacity is {:.0R}W.",
+                                                CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                System(RefrigSysNum).Name,
+                                                NominalTotalCoolingCap,
+                                                NominalCondCap,
+                                                NominalTotalCompCap));
                     }
                 } else if (System(RefrigSysNum).NumStages == 2) { // Two-stage system
                     if ((NominalTotalHiStageCompCap < (0.7 * NominalTotalCoolingCap)) || (NominalCondCap < (1.3 * NominalTotalCoolingCap))) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + System(RefrigSysNum).Name +
-                                         "\", You may wish to check the system sizing. Total nominal cooling capacity is " +
-                                         General::RoundSigDigits(NominalTotalCoolingCap, 0) + "W. Condenser capacity is " +
-                                         General::RoundSigDigits(NominalCondCap, 0) + "W. Nominal compressor capacity is " +
-                                         General::RoundSigDigits(NominalTotalCompCap, 0) + "W.");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{}=\"{}\", You may wish to check the system sizing. Total nominal cooling capacity is {:.0R}W. "
+                                                "Condenser capacity is {:.0R}W. Nominal compressor capacity is {:.0R}W.",
+                                                CurrentModuleObject,
+                                                System(RefrigSysNum).Name,
+                                                NominalTotalCoolingCap,
+                                                NominalCondCap,
+                                                NominalTotalCompCap));
                     }
                 } // NumStages
 
@@ -5981,21 +6015,28 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                 TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TReceiver = FluidProperties::GetSatTemperatureRefrig(state,
                     TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).RefrigerantName, TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).PReceiver, RefrigIndex, RoutineNameNoColon);
                 if (TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TReceiver > GasCooler(TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).GasCoolerNum(NumGasCoolers)).MinCondTemp) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).Name +
-                                     ": The receiver temperature (" + General::RoundSigDigits(TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TReceiver, 2) +
-                                     "C) is greater than the minimum condensing temperature specified for subcritical operation (" +
-                                     General::RoundSigDigits(GasCooler(TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).GasCoolerNum(NumGasCoolers)).MinCondTemp, 2) +
-                                     "C).");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{}{}=\"{}: The receiver temperature ({:.2R}C) is greater than the minimum condensing temperature "
+                                            "specified for subcritical operation ({:.2R}C).",
+                                            RoutineName,
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).Name,
+                                            TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TReceiver,
+                                            GasCooler(TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).GasCoolerNum(NumGasCoolers)).MinCondTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "  The minimum condensing temperature will be set at 5C greater than the receiver temperature.");
                     GasCooler(TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).GasCoolerNum(NumGasCoolers)).MinCondTemp =
                         TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TReceiver + 5.0;
                 }
                 if (NominalTotalCompCapLP > 0.0) {
                     if (TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TReceiver <= TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TEvapDesignLT) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).Name +
-                                        ": The receiver temperature (" + General::RoundSigDigits(TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TReceiver, 2) +
-                                        "C) is less than the design evaporator temperature for the low temperature loads (" +
-                                        General::RoundSigDigits(TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TEvapDesignLT, 2) + "C).");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}{}=\"{}: The receiver temperature ({:.2R}C) is less than the design evaporator temperature for the "
+                                               "low temperature loads ({:.2R}C).",
+                                               RoutineName,
+                                               CurrentModuleObject,
+                                               TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).Name,
+                                               TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TReceiver,
+                                               TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TEvapDesignLT));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  Ensure that the receiver temperature is sufficiently greater than the design evaporator temperature for "
                                           "the low temperature loads.");
                         ShowContinueError(state,
@@ -6005,10 +6046,14 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                 }
                 if (NominalTotalCompCapHP > 0.0) {
                     if (TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TReceiver <= TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TEvapDesignMT) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).Name +
-                                        ": The receiver temperature (" + General::RoundSigDigits(TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TReceiver, 2) +
-                                        "C) is less than the design evaporator temperature for the medium temperature loads (" +
-                                        General::RoundSigDigits(TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TEvapDesignMT, 2) + "C).");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}{}=\"{}: The receiver temperature ({:.2R}C) is less than the design evaporator temperature for the "
+                                               "medium temperature loads ({:.2R}C).",
+                                               RoutineName,
+                                               CurrentModuleObject,
+                                               TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).Name,
+                                               TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TReceiver,
+                                               TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).TEvapDesignMT));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  Ensure that the receiver temperature is sufficiently greater than the design evaporator temperature for "
                                           "the medium temperature loads.");
                         ShowContinueError(state,
@@ -6103,9 +6148,12 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
                 if ((NominalTotalCompCap < (0.7 * NominalTotalCoolingCap)) || (NominalCondCap < (1.3 * NominalTotalCoolingCap))) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + TransSystem(TransRefrigSysNum).Name +
                                      "\", You may wish to check the system sizing.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Total nominal cooling capacity is " + General::RoundSigDigits(NominalTotalCoolingCap, 0) +
-                                      "W. Condenser capacity is " + General::RoundSigDigits(NominalCondCap, 0) +
-                                      "W. Nominal compressor capacity is " + General::RoundSigDigits(NominalTotalCompCap, 0) + "W.");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Total nominal cooling capacity is {:.0R}W. Condenser capacity is {:.0R}W. Nominal compressor capacity is {:.0R}W.",
+                               NominalTotalCoolingCap,
+                               NominalCondCap,
+                               NominalTotalCompCap));
                 }
 
             } // Transcritical refrigeration systems
@@ -6164,8 +6212,8 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
             if ((NumUnusedRefrigCases > 0) && (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings)) {
                 //  write to error file,
                 //  summary number of unused cases given if DataGlobals::DisplayExtraWarnings option not selected
-                ShowWarningError(state, "Refrigeration:Case -> " + General::RoundSigDigits(NumUnusedRefrigCases) +
-                                 " unused refrigerated case(s) found during input processing.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("Refrigeration:Case -> {} unused refrigerated case(s) found during input processing.", NumUnusedRefrigCases));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "  These refrigerated cases are in the input file but are not connected to a ");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "  Refrigeration:CompressorRack, Refrigeration:System, or Refrigeration:SecondarySystem object.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "  These unused refrigeration cases will not be simulated.");
@@ -6197,8 +6245,9 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
             if ((NumUnusedCompressors > 0) && (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings)) {
                 //  write to error file,
                 //  summary number of unused compressors given if DataGlobals::DisplayExtraWarnings option not selected
-                ShowWarningError(state, "Refrigeration:Compressor -> " + General::RoundSigDigits(NumUnusedCompressors) +
-                                 " unused refrigeration compressor(s) found during input processing.");
+                ShowWarningError(
+                    state,
+                    format("Refrigeration:Compressor -> {} unused refrigeration compressor(s) found during input processing.", NumUnusedCompressors));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "  Those refrigeration compressors are in the input file but are not connected to a Refrigeration:System object.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   These unused refrigeration compressors will not be simulated.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   Use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayUnusedObjects; to see them. ");
@@ -6229,8 +6278,10 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
             if ((NumUnusedWalkIns > 0) && (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings)) {
                 //  write to error file,
                 //  summary number of unused walkins given if DataGlobals::DisplayExtraWarnings option not selected
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Refrigeration:WalkIn -> " + General::RoundSigDigits(NumUnusedWalkIns) +
-                                 " unused refrigeration WalkIns found during input processing.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}Refrigeration:WalkIn -> {} unused refrigeration WalkIns found during input processing.",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        NumUnusedWalkIns));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   Those refrigeration WalkIns are in the input file but are not connected to a ");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   Refrigeration:CompressorRack, Refrigeration:System or Refrigeration:SecondarySystem object.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   These unused refrigeration WalkIns will not be simulated.");
@@ -6262,8 +6313,10 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
             if ((NumUnusedCoils > 0) && (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings)) {
                 //  write to error file,
                 //  summary number of unused air chillers given if DataGlobals::DisplayExtraWarnings option not selected
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Refrigeration:AirChiller -> " + General::RoundSigDigits(NumUnusedCoils) +
-                                 " unused refrigeration air chillers found during input processing.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}Refrigeration:AirChiller -> {} unused refrigeration air chillers found during input processing.",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        NumUnusedCoils));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   Those refrigeration air chillers are in the input file but are not connected to a ");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   Refrigeration:CompressorRack, Refrigeration:System or Refrigeration:SecondarySystem object.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   These unused refrigeration air chillers will not be simulated.");
@@ -6295,8 +6348,10 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
             if ((NumUnusedSecondarys > 0) && (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings)) {
                 //  write to error file,
                 //  summary number of unused secondaries given if DataGlobals::DisplayExtraWarnings option not selected
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Refrigeration:Secondary -> " + General::RoundSigDigits(NumUnusedSecondarys) +
-                                 " unused refrigeration Secondary Loops found during input processing.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}Refrigeration:Secondary -> {} unused refrigeration Secondary Loops found during input processing.",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        NumUnusedSecondarys));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "  Those refrigeration Secondary Loops are in the input file but are not connected to a refrigeration system.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   These unused refrigeration secondaries will not be simulated.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   Use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayUnusedObjects; to see them. ");
@@ -6326,8 +6381,10 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
             if ((NumUnusedCondensers > 0) && (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings)) {
                 //  write to error file,
                 //  summary number of unused condensers given if DataGlobals::DisplayExtraWarnings option not selected
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Refrigeration condenser -> " + General::RoundSigDigits(NumUnusedCondensers) +
-                                 " unused refrigeration condensers found during input processing.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}Refrigeration condenser -> {} unused refrigeration condensers found during input processing.",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        NumUnusedCondensers));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "  Those refrigeration condensers are in the input file but are not connected to a refrigeration system.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   These unused refrigeration condensers will not be simulated.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   Use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayUnusedObjects; to see them. ");
@@ -6355,8 +6412,10 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
             if ((NumUnusedGasCoolers > 0) && (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings)) {
                 //  write to error file,
                 //  summary number of unused gas coolers given if DataGlobals::DisplayExtraWarnings option not selected
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Refrigeration gas cooler -> " + General::RoundSigDigits(NumUnusedGasCoolers) +
-                                 " unused refrigeration gas cooler(s) found during input processing.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}Refrigeration gas cooler -> {} unused refrigeration gas cooler(s) found during input processing.",
+                                        RoutineName,
+                                        NumUnusedGasCoolers));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "  These refrigeration gas coolers are in the input file but are not connected to a refrigeration system.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "  These unused refrigeration gas coolers will not be simulated.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "  Use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayUnusedObjects; to see them. ");
@@ -11260,7 +11319,7 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
             if (NumIter < 2) continue;
             if ((this->RefMassFlowReceiverBypass == 0.0) || (MassFlowStart == 0.0)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "Refrigeration:TranscriticalSystem: " + this->Name + " showing zero refrigerant flow through receiver bypass.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Receiver Bypass Flow = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->RefMassFlowReceiverBypass, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Receiver Bypass Flow = {:.6R}", this->RefMassFlowReceiverBypass));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Check input file to ensure that refrigeration loads on this system are not zero.");
             } else {
                 ErrorMassFlow = std::abs(MassFlowStart - this->RefMassFlowReceiverBypass) / MassFlowStart;
@@ -14269,13 +14328,19 @@ namespace RefrigeratedCase {
         } else { // airchllersetpointer passed in call to subroutine not ==0
             ChillerSetID = AirChillerSetPtr;
             if (ChillerSetID > DataHeatBalance::NumRefrigChillerSets || ChillerSetID < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimAirChillerSet:  Invalid AirChillerSetPtr passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerSetID) + ", Number of Units=" +
-                               General::TrimSigDigits(DataHeatBalance::NumRefrigChillerSets) + ", Entered Unit name=" + AirChillerSetName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimAirChillerSet:  Invalid AirChillerSetPtr passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      ChillerSetID,
+                                      DataHeatBalance::NumRefrigChillerSets,
+                                      AirChillerSetName));
             } // ChillerSetID makes no sense
             if (CheckChillerSetName(ChillerSetID)) {
                 if (AirChillerSetName != AirChillerSet(ChillerSetID).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimAirChillerSet:  Invalid AirChillerSetPtr passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(ChillerSetID) +
-                                   ", Unit name=" + AirChillerSetName + ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + AirChillerSet(ChillerSetID).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimAirChillerSet:  Invalid AirChillerSetPtr passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          ChillerSetID,
+                                          AirChillerSetName,
+                                          AirChillerSet(ChillerSetID).Name));
                 } // name not equal correct name
                 CheckChillerSetName(ChillerSetID) = false;
             } // CheckChillerSetName logical test
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ReportCoilSelection.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ReportCoilSelection.cc
index cf095990332..d1f455c35e4 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ReportCoilSelection.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ReportCoilSelection.cc
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneEquipment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Fans.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HVACFan.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/MixedAir.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/OutputReportPredefined.hh>
@@ -1138,6 +1137,14 @@ void ReportCoilSelection::setCoilLvgAirHumRat(EnergyPlusData &state,
     c->coilDesLvgHumRat = lvgAirHumRat;
 }
 
+std::string PeakHrMinString(EnergyPlusData &state, const int designDay, const int timeStepAtPeak)
+{
+    return fmt::format("{}/{} {}",
+                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(designDay).Month,
+                       state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(designDay).DayOfMonth,
+                       ReportCoilSelection::getTimeText(state, timeStepAtPeak));
+}
+
 void ReportCoilSelection::setCoilCoolingCapacity(
     EnergyPlusData &state,
     std::string const &coilName,       // user-defined name of the coil
@@ -1168,6 +1175,7 @@ void ReportCoilSelection::setCoilCoolingCapacity(
     c->zoneEqNum = curZoneEqNum;
     //	if ( c->zoneEqNum > 0 ) doZoneEqSetup( index );
     c->oASysNum = curOASysNum;
+
     if (curSysNum > 0 && c->zoneEqNum == 0 && allocated(DataSizing::FinalSysSizing) && allocated(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum)) {
 
         // These next blocks does not always work with SizingPeriod:WeatherFileDays or SizingPeriod:WeatherFileConditionType, protect against hard
@@ -1176,26 +1184,26 @@ void ReportCoilSelection::setCoilCoolingCapacity(
             DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).SensCoolPeakDD <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
             c->desDayNameAtSensPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).SensCoolPeakDD).Title;
             c->coilSensePeakHrMin =
-                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).SensCoolPeakDD).Month) + "/" +
-                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).SensCoolPeakDD).DayOfMonth) + " " +
-                getTimeText(state, DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TimeStepAtSensCoolPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).SensCoolPeakDD));
+                PeakHrMinString(state,
+                                DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).SensCoolPeakDD,
+                                DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TimeStepAtSensCoolPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).SensCoolPeakDD));
         }
         if (DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TotCoolPeakDD > 0 &&
             DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TotCoolPeakDD <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
             c->desDayNameAtTotalPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TotCoolPeakDD).Title;
             c->coilTotalPeakHrMin =
-                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TotCoolPeakDD).Month) + "/" +
-                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TotCoolPeakDD).DayOfMonth) + " " +
-                getTimeText(state, DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TimeStepAtTotCoolPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TotCoolPeakDD));
+                PeakHrMinString(state,
+                                DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TotCoolPeakDD,
+                                DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TimeStepAtTotCoolPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TotCoolPeakDD));
         }
 
         if (DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD > 0 &&
             DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
             c->desDayNameAtAirFlowPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Title;
             c->airPeakHrMin =
-                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).Month) + "/" +
-                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD).DayOfMonth) + " " +
-                getTimeText(state, DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TimeStepAtCoolFlowPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD));
+                PeakHrMinString(state,
+                                DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD,
+                                DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).TimeStepAtCoolFlowPk(DataSizing::SysSizPeakDDNum(curSysNum).CoolFlowPeakDD));
         }
 
         if (DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).CoolingPeakLoadType == DataSizing::TotalCoolingLoad) {
@@ -1337,13 +1345,10 @@ void ReportCoilSelection::setCoilCoolingCapacity(
             Psychrometrics::PsyRhFnTdbWPb(state, c->rmPeakTemp, c->rmPeakHumRat, DataEnvironment::StdBaroPress) * 100.0; // convert to percentage
         if (DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum > 0 &&
             DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
-            c->coilSensePeakHrMin =
-                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) + " " +
-                getTimeText(state, DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
-            c->airPeakHrMin = General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                              General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                              " " + getTimeText(state, DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+            c->coilSensePeakHrMin = PeakHrMinString(
+                state, DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum, DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
+            c->airPeakHrMin = PeakHrMinString(
+                state, DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).CoolDDNum, DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtCoolMax);
         }
 
         c->rmSensibleAtPeak = DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).DesCoolLoad;
@@ -1509,12 +1514,12 @@ void ReportCoilSelection::setCoilHeatingCapacity(
         }
 
         if (DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).HeatDDNum > 0 && DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
-            c->coilSensePeakHrMin = General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                                    " " + getTimeText(state, DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).SysHeatCoilTimeStepPk);
-            c->airPeakHrMin = General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                              General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) + " " +
-                              getTimeText(state, DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).SysHeatAirTimeStepPk);
+            c->coilSensePeakHrMin =
+                PeakHrMinString(state, DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).HeatDDNum, DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).SysHeatCoilTimeStepPk);
+
+            c->airPeakHrMin =
+                PeakHrMinString(state, DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).HeatDDNum, DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).SysHeatAirTimeStepPk);
+
             c->desDayNameAtAirFlowPeak = state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalSysSizing(curSysNum).HeatDDNum).Title;
         }
 
@@ -1564,13 +1569,10 @@ void ReportCoilSelection::setCoilHeatingCapacity(
             Psychrometrics::PsyRhFnTdbWPb(state, c->rmPeakTemp, c->rmPeakHumRat, DataEnvironment::StdBaroPress) * 100.0; // convert to percentage
         if (DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum > 0 &&
             DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum <= DataEnvironment::TotDesDays) {
-            c->coilSensePeakHrMin =
-                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) + " " +
-                getTimeText(state, DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
-            c->airPeakHrMin = General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).Month) + "/" +
-                              General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum).DayOfMonth) +
-                              " " + getTimeText(state, DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+            c->coilSensePeakHrMin = PeakHrMinString(
+                state, DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum, DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
+            c->airPeakHrMin = PeakHrMinString(
+                state, DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).HeatDDNum, DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).TimeStepNumAtHeatMax);
         }
         c->desDayNameAtAirFlowPeak = DataSizing::FinalZoneSizing(curZoneEqNum).HeatDesDay;
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ReportCoilSelection.hh b/src/EnergyPlus/ReportCoilSelection.hh
index fd7f4b28e7e..4a448d3a5b5 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ReportCoilSelection.hh
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ReportCoilSelection.hh
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ public: // methods
                               DataAirSystems::fanModelTypeEnum const &fanEnumType,
                               int const &fanIndex);
 
-    std::string getTimeText(EnergyPlusData &state, int const timeStepAtPeak);
+    static std::string getTimeText(EnergyPlusData &state, int const timeStepAtPeak);
 
     bool isCompTypeFan(std::string const &compType // string component type, input object class name
     );
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/RoomAirModelAirflowNetwork.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/RoomAirModelAirflowNetwork.cc
index af49aba0d57..71dd9c6c046 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/RoomAirModelAirflowNetwork.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/RoomAirModelAirflowNetwork.cc
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ namespace RoomAirModelAirflowNetwork {
         using DataLoopNode::NumOfNodes;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipList;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using InternalHeatGains::SumInternalLatentGainsByTypes;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyCpAirFnW;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW;
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ namespace RoomAirModelAirflowNetwork {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + ZoneEquipList(LoopZone).EquipName(I) +
                                               " defined in RoomAir:Node:AirflowNetwork:HVACEquipment");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "The Fraction of supply fraction values across all the roomair nodes in a zone needs to sum to 1.0.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "The sum of fractions entered = " + RoundSigDigits(SupplyFrac(I), 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("The sum of fractions entered = {:.3R}", SupplyFrac(I)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                         if (std::abs(ReturnFrac(I) - 1.0) > 0.001) {
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ namespace RoomAirModelAirflowNetwork {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + ZoneEquipList(LoopZone).EquipName(I) +
                                               " defined in RoomAir:Node:AirflowNetwork:HVACEquipment");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "The Fraction of return fraction values across all the roomair nodes in a zone needs to sum to 1.0.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "The sum of fractions entered = " + RoundSigDigits(ReturnFrac(I), 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("The sum of fractions entered = {:.3R}", ReturnFrac(I)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/RoomAirModelManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/RoomAirModelManager.cc
index 91700029704..0b9b1b925e0 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/RoomAirModelManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/RoomAirModelManager.cc
@@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ namespace RoomAirModelManager {
 
     // Using/Aliasing
     using namespace DataRoomAirModel;
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
     // Data
     // MODULE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS
@@ -322,7 +321,7 @@ namespace RoomAirModelManager {
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
         using DataZoneEquipment::EquipConfiguration;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using RoomAirModelUserTempPattern::FigureNDheightInZone;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
 
@@ -612,15 +611,18 @@ namespace RoomAirModelManager {
         }
 
         if (TotalRoomAirPatternTooLow > 0) {
-            ShowWarningError(state, "GetUserDefinedPatternData: RoomAirModelUserTempPattern: " + RoundSigDigits(TotalRoomAirPatternTooLow) +
-                             " problem(s) in non-dimensional height calculations, too low surface height(s) in relation to floor height of zone(s).");
+            ShowWarningError(state,
+                             format("GetUserDefinedPatternData: RoomAirModelUserTempPattern: {} problem(s) in non-dimensional height calculations, "
+                                    "too low surface height(s) in relation to floor height of zone(s).",
+                                    TotalRoomAirPatternTooLow));
             ShowContinueError(state, "...Use OutputDiagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; to see details.");
             TotalWarningErrors += TotalRoomAirPatternTooLow;
         }
         if (TotalRoomAirPatternTooHigh > 0) {
             ShowWarningError(state,
-                "GetUserDefinedPatternData: RoomAirModelUserTempPattern: " + RoundSigDigits(TotalRoomAirPatternTooHigh) +
-                " problem(s) in non-dimensional height calculations, too high surface height(s) in relation to ceiling height of zone(s).");
+                             format("GetUserDefinedPatternData: RoomAirModelUserTempPattern: {} problem(s) in non-dimensional height calculations, "
+                                    "too high surface height(s) in relation to ceiling height of zone(s).",
+                                    TotalRoomAirPatternTooHigh));
             ShowContinueError(state, "...Use OutputDiagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; to see details.");
             TotalWarningErrors += TotalRoomAirPatternTooHigh;
         }
@@ -1060,7 +1062,6 @@ namespace RoomAirModelManager {
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
         using DataHeatBalance::People;
         using DataHeatBalance::TotPeople;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int IOStat;
@@ -1183,8 +1184,10 @@ namespace RoomAirModelManager {
                             AirModel(ThisZone).AirModelType = RoomAirModel_Mixing;
                             ShowWarningError(state, "Problem with " + cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + cAlphaArgs(1));
                             ShowWarningError(state, "Roomair model will not be applied for Zone=" + cAlphaArgs(1) + '.');
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "AirflowNetwrok:Multizone:Surface crack object must have an air flow coefficient = 0.5, value was=" +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(AirflowNetwork::MultizoneSurfaceCrackData(TypeNum).FlowExpo, 2));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("AirflowNetwrok:Multizone:Surface crack object must have an air flow coefficient = 0.5, value was={:.2R}",
+                                       AirflowNetwork::MultizoneSurfaceCrackData(TypeNum).FlowExpo));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1398,7 +1401,6 @@ namespace RoomAirModelManager {
         using DataHVACGlobals::NumZoneHVACTerminalTypes;
         using DataHVACGlobals::ZoneHVACTerminalTypes;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
         using InternalHeatGains::GetInternalGainDeviceIndex;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
 
@@ -1630,8 +1632,9 @@ namespace RoomAirModelManager {
                 state, cCurrentModuleObject, Loop, cAlphaArgs, NumAlphas, rNumericArgs, NumNumbers, status, _, _, cAlphaFieldNames, cNumericFieldNames);
             if (mod((NumAlphas + NumNumbers - 1), 3) != 0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetRoomAirflowNetworkData: For " + cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + cAlphaArgs(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Extensible field set are not evenly divisable by 3. Number of data entries = " +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(NumAlphas + NumNumbers - 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  "Extensible field set are not evenly divisable by 3. Number of data entries = " +
+                                      fmt::to_string(NumAlphas + NumNumbers - 1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 break;
             }
@@ -1701,8 +1704,9 @@ namespace RoomAirModelManager {
                 state, cCurrentModuleObject, Loop, cAlphaArgs, NumAlphas, rNumericArgs, NumNumbers, status, _, _, cAlphaFieldNames, cNumericFieldNames);
             if (mod((NumAlphas + NumNumbers - 1), 4) != 0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "GetRoomAirflowNetworkData: For " + cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + cAlphaArgs(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Extensible field set are not evenly divisable by 4. Number of data entries = " +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(NumAlphas + NumNumbers - 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  "Extensible field set are not evenly divisable by 4. Number of data entries = " +
+                                      fmt::to_string(NumAlphas + NumNumbers - 1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 break;
             }
@@ -1792,7 +1796,7 @@ namespace RoomAirModelManager {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "GetRoomAirflowNetworkData: Invalid, zone volume fractions do not sum to 1.0");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in RoomAir:Node:AirflowNetwork with Zone Name = " + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "The Fraction of Zone Air Volume values across all the nodes needs to sum to 1.0.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The sum of fractions entered = " + RoundSigDigits(SumFraction, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("The sum of fractions entered = {:.3R}", SumFraction));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 // Check internal gain fraction
@@ -1818,7 +1822,7 @@ namespace RoomAirModelManager {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in RoomAir:Node:AirflowNetwork with Zone Name = " + Zone(ZoneNum).Name +
                                               ", Intrnal gain name = " + Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "The Fraction of internal gain across all the nodes needs to sum to 1.0.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "The sum of fractions entered = " + RoundSigDigits(SumFraction, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("The sum of fractions entered = {:.3R}", SumFraction));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -2084,9 +2088,9 @@ namespace RoomAirModelManager {
 
                 if (std::abs((Z2Zone - Z1Zone) - Zone(ZNum).CeilingHeight) > CeilingHeightDiffMax) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "RoomAirManager: Inconsistent ceiling heights in Zone: " + Zone(ZNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Lowest height=[" + RoundSigDigits(Z1Zone, 3) + "].");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Highest height=[" + RoundSigDigits(Z2Zone, 3) + "].");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Ceiling height=[" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZNum).CeilingHeight, 3) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Lowest height=[{:.3R}].", Z1Zone));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Highest height=[{:.3R}].", Z2Zone));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Ceiling height=[{:.3R}].", Zone(ZNum).CeilingHeight));
                 }
             } // Zones
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/RoomAirModelUserTempPattern.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/RoomAirModelUserTempPattern.cc
index 47d2b0d0434..733341c1c15 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/RoomAirModelUserTempPattern.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/RoomAirModelUserTempPattern.cc
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ namespace RoomAirModelUserTempPattern {
 
             if (CurPatrnID == 0) {
                 // throw error here ? way to test schedules before getting to this point?
-                ShowFatalError(state, "User defined room air pattern index not found: " + std::to_string(CurntPatternKey));
+                ShowFatalError(state, format("User defined room air pattern index not found: {}", CurntPatternKey));
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -833,7 +833,6 @@ namespace RoomAirModelUserTempPattern {
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
         using DataVectorTypes::Vector;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         Real64 FigureNDheightInZone;
@@ -914,8 +913,8 @@ namespace RoomAirModelUserTempPattern {
             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "RoomAirModelUserTempPattern: Problem in non-dimensional height calculation");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "too low surface: " + Surface(thisHBsurf).Name + " in zone: " + Zone(thisZone).Name);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "**** Average floor height of zone is: " + RoundSigDigits(ZoneZorig, 3));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "**** Surface minimum height is: " + RoundSigDigits(SurfMinZ, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("**** Average floor height of zone is: {:.3R}", ZoneZorig));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("**** Surface minimum height is: {:.3R}", SurfMinZ));
             } else {
                 ++TotalRoomAirPatternTooLow;
             }
@@ -925,8 +924,8 @@ namespace RoomAirModelUserTempPattern {
             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "RoomAirModelUserTempPattern: Problem in non-dimensional height calculation");
                 ShowContinueError(state, " too high surface: " + Surface(thisHBsurf).Name + " in zone: " + Zone(thisZone).Name);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "**** Average Ceiling height of zone is: " + RoundSigDigits((ZoneZorig + ZoneCeilHeight), 3));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "**** Surface Maximum height is: " + RoundSigDigits(SurfMaxZ, 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("**** Average Ceiling height of zone is: {:.3R}", (ZoneZorig + ZoneCeilHeight)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("**** Surface Maximum height is: {:.3R}", SurfMaxZ));
             } else {
                 ++TotalRoomAirPatternTooHigh;
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/RootFinder.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/RootFinder.cc
index 86dc82d9d23..6412f438fb0 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/RootFinder.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/RootFinder.cc
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@
 #include <ObjexxFCL/Fmath.hh>
 
 // EnergyPlus Headers
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataPrecisionGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/RootFinder.hh>
@@ -175,7 +174,6 @@ namespace RootFinder {
     // Use statements for data only modules
     // Using/Aliasing
     using namespace DataRootFinder;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
     // Data
     // MODULE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS
@@ -243,8 +241,8 @@ namespace RootFinder {
         // Load assumed action for underlying function F(X)
         if (SlopeType != iSlopeIncreasing && SlopeType != iSlopeDecreasing) {
             ShowSevereError(state, "SetupRootFinder: Invalid function slope specification. Valid choices are:");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "SetupRootFinder: iSlopeIncreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeIncreasing));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "SetupRootFinder: iSlopeDecreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeDecreasing));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("SetupRootFinder: iSlopeIncreasing={}", iSlopeIncreasing));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("SetupRootFinder: iSlopeDecreasing={}", iSlopeDecreasing));
             ShowFatalError(state, "SetupRootFinder: Preceding error causes program termination.");
         }
         RootFinderData.Controls.SlopeType = SlopeType;
@@ -253,10 +251,10 @@ namespace RootFinder {
         if (MethodType != iMethodBisection && MethodType != iMethodFalsePosition && MethodType != iMethodSecant && MethodType != iMethodBrent) {
 
             ShowSevereError(state, "SetupRootFinder: Invalid solution method specification. Valid choices are:");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "SetupRootFinder: iMethodBisection=" + TrimSigDigits(iMethodBisection));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "SetupRootFinder: iMethodFalsePosition=" + TrimSigDigits(iMethodFalsePosition));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "SetupRootFinder: iMethodSecant=" + TrimSigDigits(iMethodSecant));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "SetupRootFinder: iMethodBrent=" + TrimSigDigits(iMethodBrent));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("SetupRootFinder: iMethodBisection={}", iMethodBisection));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("SetupRootFinder: iMethodFalsePosition={}", iMethodFalsePosition));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("SetupRootFinder: iMethodSecant={}", iMethodSecant));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("SetupRootFinder: iMethodBrent={}", iMethodBrent));
             ShowFatalError(state, "SetupRootFinder: Preceding error causes program termination.");
         }
         RootFinderData.Controls.MethodType = MethodType;
@@ -416,8 +414,8 @@ namespace RootFinder {
             if (XMax == 0.0) {
                 XMinReset = XMax;
             } else {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "InitializeRootFinder: Invalid min/max bounds XMin=" + TrimSigDigits(XMin, 6) +
-                               " must be smaller than XMax=" + TrimSigDigits(XMax, 6));
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("InitializeRootFinder: Invalid min/max bounds XMin={:.6T} must be smaller than XMax={:.6T}", XMin, XMax));
             }
         }
 
@@ -758,8 +756,8 @@ namespace RootFinder {
                 } else {
                     // Should never happen
                     ShowSevereError(state, "CheckInternalConsistency: Invalid function slope specification. Valid choices are:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "CheckInternalConsistency: iSlopeIncreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeIncreasing));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "CheckInternalConsistency: iSlopeDecreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeDecreasing));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("CheckInternalConsistency: iSlopeIncreasing={}", iSlopeIncreasing));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("CheckInternalConsistency: iSlopeDecreasing={}", iSlopeDecreasing));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "CheckInternalConsistency: Preceding error causes program termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -793,8 +791,8 @@ namespace RootFinder {
                 } else {
                     // Should never happen
                     ShowSevereError(state, "CheckInternalConsistency: Invalid function slope specification. Valid choices are:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "CheckInternalConsistency: iSlopeIncreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeIncreasing));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "CheckInternalConsistency: iSlopeDecreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeDecreasing));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("CheckInternalConsistency: iSlopeIncreasing={}", iSlopeIncreasing));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("CheckInternalConsistency: iSlopeDecreasing={}", iSlopeDecreasing));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "CheckInternalConsistency: Preceding error causes program termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -819,8 +817,8 @@ namespace RootFinder {
                 } else {
                     // Should never happen
                     ShowSevereError(state, "CheckInternalConsistency: Invalid function slope specification. Valid choices are:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "CheckInternalConsistency: iSlopeIncreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeIncreasing));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "CheckInternalConsistency: iSlopeDecreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeDecreasing));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("CheckInternalConsistency: iSlopeIncreasing={}", iSlopeIncreasing));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("CheckInternalConsistency: iSlopeDecreasing={}", iSlopeDecreasing));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "CheckInternalConsistency: Preceding error causes program termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -1078,8 +1076,8 @@ namespace RootFinder {
             } else {
                 // Should never happen
                 ShowSevereError(state, "CheckSlope: Invalid function slope specification. Valid choices are:");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "CheckSlope: iSlopeIncreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeIncreasing));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "CheckSlope: iSlopeDecreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeDecreasing));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("CheckSlope: iSlopeIncreasing={}", iSlopeIncreasing));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("CheckSlope: iSlopeDecreasing={}", iSlopeDecreasing));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "CheckSlope: Preceding error causes program termination.");
             }
         }
@@ -1222,8 +1220,8 @@ namespace RootFinder {
             } else {
                 // Should never happen
                 ShowSevereError(state, "CheckMinConstraint: Invalid function slope specification. Valid choices are:");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "CheckMinConstraint: iSlopeIncreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeIncreasing));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "CheckMinConstraint: iSlopeDecreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeDecreasing));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("CheckMinConstraint: iSlopeIncreasing={}", iSlopeIncreasing));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("CheckMinConstraint: iSlopeDecreasing={}", iSlopeDecreasing));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "CheckMinConstraint: Preceding error causes program termination.");
             }
         }
@@ -1296,8 +1294,8 @@ namespace RootFinder {
             } else {
                 // Should never happen
                 ShowSevereError(state, "CheckMaxConstraint: Invalid function slope specification. Valid choices are:");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "CheckMaxConstraint: iSlopeIncreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeIncreasing));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "CheckMaxConstraint: iSlopeDecreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeDecreasing));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("CheckMaxConstraint: iSlopeIncreasing={}", iSlopeIncreasing));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("CheckMaxConstraint: iSlopeDecreasing={}", iSlopeDecreasing));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "CheckMaxConstraint: Preceding error causes program termination.");
             }
         }
@@ -1551,9 +1549,10 @@ namespace RootFinder {
                         } else {
                             // Should never happen if CheckLowerUpperBracket() is called before
                             ShowSevereError(state, "UpdateBracket: Current iterate is smaller than the lower bracket.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "UpdateBracket: X=" + TrimSigDigits(X, 15) + ", Y=" + TrimSigDigits(Y, 15));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "UpdateBracket: XLower=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinderData.LowerPoint.X, 15) +
-                                              ", YLower=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinderData.LowerPoint.Y, 15));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("UpdateBracket: X={:.15T}, Y={:.15T}", X, Y));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("UpdateBracket: XLower={:.15T}, YLower={:.15T}", RootFinderData.LowerPoint.X, RootFinderData.LowerPoint.Y));
                             ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateBracket: Preceding error causes program termination.");
                         }
                     }
@@ -1577,9 +1576,10 @@ namespace RootFinder {
                         } else {
                             // Should never happen if CheckLowerUpperBracket() is called before
                             ShowSevereError(state, "UpdateBracket: Current iterate is greater than the upper bracket.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "UpdateBracket: X=" + TrimSigDigits(X, 15) + ", Y=" + TrimSigDigits(Y, 15));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "UpdateBracket: XUpper=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinderData.UpperPoint.X, 15) +
-                                              ", YUpper=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinderData.UpperPoint.Y, 15));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("UpdateBracket: X={:.15T}, Y={:.15T}", X, Y));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("UpdateBracket: XUpper={:.15T}, YUpper={:.15T}", RootFinderData.UpperPoint.X, RootFinderData.UpperPoint.Y));
                             ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateBracket: Preceding error causes program termination.");
                         }
                     }
@@ -1606,9 +1606,10 @@ namespace RootFinder {
                         } else {
                             // Should never happen if CheckLowerUpperBracket() is called before
                             ShowSevereError(state, "UpdateBracket: Current iterate is smaller than the lower bracket.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "UpdateBracket: X=" + TrimSigDigits(X, 15) + ", Y=" + TrimSigDigits(Y, 15));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "UpdateBracket: XLower=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinderData.LowerPoint.X, 15) +
-                                              ", YLower=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinderData.LowerPoint.Y, 15));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("UpdateBracket: X={:.15T}, Y={:.15T}", X, Y));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("UpdateBracket: XLower={:.15T}, YLower={:.15T}", RootFinderData.LowerPoint.X, RootFinderData.LowerPoint.Y));
                             ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateBracket: Preceding error causes program termination.");
                         }
                     }
@@ -1632,9 +1633,10 @@ namespace RootFinder {
                         } else {
                             // Should never happen if CheckLowerUpperBracket() is called before
                             ShowSevereError(state, "UpdateBracket: Current iterate is greater than the upper bracket.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "UpdateBracket: X=" + TrimSigDigits(X, 15) + ", Y=" + TrimSigDigits(Y, 15));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "UpdateBracket: XUpper=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinderData.UpperPoint.X, 15) +
-                                              ", YUpper=" + TrimSigDigits(RootFinderData.UpperPoint.Y, 15));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("UpdateBracket: X={:.15T}, Y={:.15T}", X, Y));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("UpdateBracket: XUpper={:.15T}, YUpper={:.15T}", RootFinderData.UpperPoint.X, RootFinderData.UpperPoint.Y));
                             ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateBracket: Preceding error causes program termination.");
                         }
                     }
@@ -1643,8 +1645,8 @@ namespace RootFinder {
             } else {
                 // Should never happen
                 ShowSevereError(state, "UpdateBracket: Invalid function slope specification. Valid choices are:");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "UpdateBracket: iSlopeIncreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeIncreasing));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "UpdateBracket: iSlopeDecreasing=" + TrimSigDigits(iSlopeDecreasing));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("UpdateBracket: iSlopeIncreasing={}", iSlopeIncreasing));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("UpdateBracket: iSlopeDecreasing={}", iSlopeDecreasing));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateBracket: Preceding error causes program termination.");
             }
         }
@@ -1997,10 +1999,10 @@ namespace RootFinder {
                             RootFinderData.XCandidate = BrentMethod(RootFinderData);
                         } else {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "AdvanceRootFinder: Invalid solution method specification. Valid choices are:");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "AdvanceRootFinder: iMethodBisection=" + TrimSigDigits(iMethodBisection));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "AdvanceRootFinder: iMethodFalsePosition=" + TrimSigDigits(iMethodFalsePosition));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "AdvanceRootFinder: iMethodSecant=" + TrimSigDigits(iMethodSecant));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "AdvanceRootFinder: iMethodBrent=" + TrimSigDigits(iMethodBrent));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("AdvanceRootFinder: iMethodBisection={}", iMethodBisection));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("AdvanceRootFinder: iMethodFalsePosition={}", iMethodFalsePosition));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("AdvanceRootFinder: iMethodSecant={}", iMethodSecant));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("AdvanceRootFinder: iMethodBrent={}", iMethodBrent));
                             ShowFatalError(state, "AdvanceRootFinder: Preceding error causes program termination.");
                         }
                     }
@@ -2557,7 +2559,6 @@ namespace RootFinder {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/RuntimeLanguageProcessor.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/RuntimeLanguageProcessor.cc
index ad79f514cbf..65363f93310 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/RuntimeLanguageProcessor.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/RuntimeLanguageProcessor.cc
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
         if (NestedIfDepth == 1) {
             AddError(StackNum, 0, "Missing an ENDIF instruction needed to terminate an earlier IF instruction.");
         } else if (NestedIfDepth > 1) {
-            AddError(StackNum, 0, "Missing " + fmt::to_string(NestedIfDepth) + " ENDIF instructions needed to terminate earlier IF instructions.");
+            AddError(StackNum, 0, format("Missing {} ENDIF instructions needed to terminate earlier IF instructions.", NestedIfDepth));
         }
 
         //  ALLOCATE(DummyError(ErlStack(StackNum)%NumErrors))
@@ -875,7 +875,7 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
 
         ErrorNum = ErlStack(StackNum).NumErrors;
         if (LineNum > 0) {
-            ErlStack(StackNum).Error(ErrorNum) = "Line " + fmt::to_string(LineNum) + ":  " + Error + " \"" + ErlStack(StackNum).Line(LineNum) + "\"";
+            ErlStack(StackNum).Error(ErrorNum) = format("Line {}:  {} \"{}\"", LineNum, Error, ErlStack(StackNum).Line(LineNum));
         } else {
             ErlStack(StackNum).Error(ErrorNum) = Error;
         }
@@ -1822,8 +1822,6 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace Psychrometrics;
         using CurveManager::CurveValue;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         ErlValueType ReturnValue;
@@ -1992,8 +1990,10 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
                             if (std::isnan(TestValue)) {
                                 // throw Error
                                 ReturnValue.Type = ValueError;
-                                ReturnValue.Error = "EvaluateExpression: Attempted to raise to power with incompatible numbers: " +
-                                                    TrimSigDigits(Operand(1).Number, 6) + " raised to " + TrimSigDigits(Operand(2).Number, 6);
+                                ReturnValue.Error =
+                                    format("EvaluateExpression: Attempted to raise to power with incompatible numbers: {:.6T} raised to {:.6T}",
+                                           Operand(1).Number,
+                                           Operand(2).Number);
                                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DoingSizing && !state.dataGlobal->KickOffSimulation && !EMSManager::FinishProcessingUserInput) {
                                     seriousErrorFound = true;
                                 }
@@ -2040,8 +2040,8 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
                             ReturnValue = SetErlValueNumber(0.0);
                         } else {
                             // throw Error
-                            ReturnValue.Error = "EvaluateExpression: Attempted to calculate exponential value of too large a number: " +
-                                                TrimSigDigits(Operand(1).Number, 4);
+                            ReturnValue.Error = format("EvaluateExpression: Attempted to calculate exponential value of too large a number: {:.4T}",
+                                                       Operand(1).Number);
                             ReturnValue.Type = ValueError;
                             if (!state.dataGlobal->DoingSizing && !state.dataGlobal->KickOffSimulation && !EMSManager::FinishProcessingUserInput) {
                                 seriousErrorFound = true;
@@ -2053,8 +2053,7 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
                         } else {
                             // throw error,
                             ReturnValue.Type = ValueError;
-                            ReturnValue.Error =
-                                "EvaluateExpression: Natural Log of zero or less! ln of value = " + TrimSigDigits(Operand(1).Number, 4);
+                            ReturnValue.Error = format("EvaluateExpression: Natural Log of zero or less! ln of value = {:.4T}", Operand(1).Number);
                             if (!state.dataGlobal->DoingSizing && !state.dataGlobal->KickOffSimulation && !EMSManager::FinishProcessingUserInput) {
                                 seriousErrorFound = true;
                             }
@@ -2238,16 +2237,16 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
 
                         ShowSevereError(state, "EMS user program found serious problem and is halting simulation");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
-                        ShowFatalError(state, "EMS user program halted simulation with error code = " + TrimSigDigits(Operand(1).Number, 2));
+                        ShowFatalError(state, format("EMS user program halted simulation with error code = {:.2T}", Operand(1).Number));
                         ReturnValue = SetErlValueNumber(Operand(1).Number); // returns back the error code
                     } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == FuncSevereWarnEp) {
 
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "EMS user program issued severe warning with error code = " + TrimSigDigits(Operand(1).Number, 2));
+                        ShowSevereError(state, format("EMS user program issued severe warning with error code = {:.2T}", Operand(1).Number));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         ReturnValue = SetErlValueNumber(Operand(1).Number); // returns back the error code
                     } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == FuncWarnEp) {
 
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "EMS user program issued warning with error code = " + TrimSigDigits(Operand(1).Number, 2));
+                        ShowWarningError(state, format("EMS user program issued warning with error code = {:.2T}", Operand(1).Number));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         ReturnValue = SetErlValueNumber(Operand(1).Number); // returns back the error code
                     } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == FuncTrendValue) {
@@ -2551,9 +2550,10 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
             ReturnVal = SetErlValueNumber(TodayTomorrowWeatherSource(iTimeStep, iHour));
         } else {
             ReturnVal.Type = DataRuntimeLanguage::ValueError;
-            ReturnVal.Error = DataRuntimeLanguage::PossibleOperators(FunctionCode).Symbol +
-                              " function called with invalid arguments: Hour=" + General::RoundSigDigits(Operand1, 1) +
-                              ", Timestep=" + General::RoundSigDigits(Operand2, 1);
+            ReturnVal.Error = format("{} function called with invalid arguments: Hour={:.1R}, Timestep={:.1R}",
+                                     DataRuntimeLanguage::PossibleOperators(FunctionCode).Symbol,
+                                     Operand1,
+                                     Operand2);
         }
     }
 
@@ -2571,9 +2571,10 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
             }
         } else {
             ReturnVal.Type = DataRuntimeLanguage::ValueError;
-            ReturnVal.Error = DataRuntimeLanguage::PossibleOperators(FunctionCode).Symbol +
-                              " function called with invalid arguments: Hour=" + General::RoundSigDigits(Operand1, 1) +
-                              ", Timestep=" + General::RoundSigDigits(Operand2, 1);
+            ReturnVal.Error = format("{} function called with invalid arguments: Hour={:.1R}, Timestep={:.1R}",
+                                     DataRuntimeLanguage::PossibleOperators(FunctionCode).Symbol,
+                                     Operand1,
+                                     Operand2);
         }
     }
 
@@ -2621,7 +2622,6 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using CurveManager::GetCurveIndex;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -3115,7 +3115,7 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
                         }
                     } else {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid field.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2T}", cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "must be greater than zero");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
@@ -3777,7 +3777,6 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         std::string String;
@@ -3794,7 +3793,7 @@ namespace RuntimeLanguageProcessor {
                 if (Value.Number == 0.0) {
                     String = "0.0";
                 } else {
-                    String = TrimSigDigits(Value.Number, 6); //(String)
+                    String = format("{:.6T}", Value.Number); //(String)
                 }
 
             } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == ValueString) {
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SQLiteProcedures.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SQLiteProcedures.cc
index 31ea928329b..6ff67d0844c 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SQLiteProcedures.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SQLiteProcedures.cc
@@ -1158,12 +1158,12 @@ void SQLite::initializeTabularDataTable()
 
     sqliteExecuteCommand(sql);
 
-    sqliteExecuteCommand("INSERT INTO StringTypes VALUES(" + std::to_string(ReportNameId) + ",'ReportName');");
-    sqliteExecuteCommand("INSERT INTO StringTypes VALUES(" + std::to_string(ReportForStringId) + ",'ReportForString');");
-    sqliteExecuteCommand("INSERT INTO StringTypes VALUES(" + std::to_string(TableNameId) + ",'TableName');");
-    sqliteExecuteCommand("INSERT INTO StringTypes VALUES(" + std::to_string(RowNameId) + ",'RowName');");
-    sqliteExecuteCommand("INSERT INTO StringTypes VALUES(" + std::to_string(ColumnNameId) + ",'ColumnName');");
-    sqliteExecuteCommand("INSERT INTO StringTypes VALUES(" + std::to_string(UnitsId) + ",'Units');");
+    sqliteExecuteCommand(format("INSERT INTO StringTypes VALUES({},'ReportName');", ReportNameId));
+    sqliteExecuteCommand(format("INSERT INTO StringTypes VALUES({},'ReportForString');", ReportForStringId));
+    sqliteExecuteCommand(format("INSERT INTO StringTypes VALUES({},'TableName');", TableNameId));
+    sqliteExecuteCommand(format("INSERT INTO StringTypes VALUES({},'RowName');", RowNameId));
+    sqliteExecuteCommand(format("INSERT INTO StringTypes VALUES({},'ColumnName');", ColumnNameId));
+    sqliteExecuteCommand(format("INSERT INTO StringTypes VALUES({},'Units');", UnitsId));
 
     const std::string sql2 = "CREATE TABLE Strings ( "
                              "StringIndex INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, "
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SZVAVModel.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SZVAVModel.cc
index ad4b40ac21c..89e2dfcd597 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SZVAVModel.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SZVAVModel.cc
@@ -480,9 +480,11 @@ namespace SZVAVModel {
                     if (SZVAVModel.MaxIterIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, MessagePrefix + "Coil control failed to converge for " + SZVAVModel.UnitType + ':' + SZVAVModel.Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating system sensible part-load ratio.");
-                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ZoneLoad, 2) +
-                                                   " (watts), sensible output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(TempSensOutput, 2) +
-                                                   " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                            state,
+                            format("Sensible load to be met = {:.2T} (watts), sensible output = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                   ZoneLoad,
+                                   TempSensOutput));
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                         SZVAVModel.UnitType + " \"" + SZVAVModel.Name +
@@ -495,8 +497,7 @@ namespace SZVAVModel {
                 if (SZVAVModel.RegulaFalsiFailedIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, MessagePrefix + "Coil control failed for " + SZVAVModel.UnitType + ':' + SZVAVModel.Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "  sensible part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of 0-1.");
-                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ZoneLoad, 2) +
-                                               " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Sensible load to be met = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.", ZoneLoad));
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, SZVAVModel.UnitType + " \"" + SZVAVModel.Name +
                                                    "\" - sensible part-load ratio out of range error continues. Sensible load statistics:",
@@ -909,9 +910,11 @@ namespace SZVAVModel {
                     if (SZVAVModel.MaxIterIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, MessagePrefix + "Coil control failed to converge for " + SZVAVModel.UnitType + ':' + SZVAVModel.Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating system sensible part-load ratio.");
-                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ZoneLoad, 2) +
-                                                   " (watts), sensible output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(TempSensOutput, 2) +
-                                                   " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                            state,
+                            format("Sensible load to be met = {:.2T} (watts), sensible output = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                   ZoneLoad,
+                                   TempSensOutput));
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                         SZVAVModel.UnitType + " \"" + SZVAVModel.Name +
@@ -924,8 +927,7 @@ namespace SZVAVModel {
                 if (SZVAVModel.RegulaFalsiFailedIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, MessagePrefix + "Coil control failed for " + SZVAVModel.UnitType + ':' + SZVAVModel.Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "  sensible part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of 0-1.");
-                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ZoneLoad, 2) +
-                                               " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Sensible load to be met = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.", ZoneLoad));
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, SZVAVModel.UnitType + " \"" + SZVAVModel.Name +
                                                    "\" - sensible part-load ratio out of range error continues. Sensible load statistics:",
@@ -1329,9 +1331,11 @@ namespace SZVAVModel {
                     if (SZVAVModel.MaxIterIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, MessagePrefix + "Coil control failed to converge for " + SZVAVModel.UnitType + ':' + SZVAVModel.Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating system sensible part-load ratio.");
-                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ZoneLoad, 2) +
-                                                   " (watts), sensible output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(TempSensOutput, 2) +
-                                                   " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                            state,
+                            format("Sensible load to be met = {:.2T} (watts), sensible output = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                   ZoneLoad,
+                                   TempSensOutput));
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                         SZVAVModel.UnitType + " \"" + SZVAVModel.Name +
@@ -1344,8 +1348,7 @@ namespace SZVAVModel {
                 if (SZVAVModel.RegulaFalsiFailedIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, MessagePrefix + "Coil control failed for " + SZVAVModel.UnitType + ':' + SZVAVModel.Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "  sensible part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of 0-1.");
-                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ZoneLoad, 2) +
-                                               " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Sensible load to be met = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.", ZoneLoad));
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, SZVAVModel.UnitType + " \"" + SZVAVModel.Name +
                                                    "\" - sensible part-load ratio out of range error continues. Sensible load statistics:",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ScheduleManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ScheduleManager.cc
index ff7a48005d9..56d911258a7 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ScheduleManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ScheduleManager.cc
@@ -228,8 +228,6 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using General::ProcessDateString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
         using DataStringGlobals::CharComma;
         using DataStringGlobals::CharSemicolon;
         using DataStringGlobals::CharSpace;
@@ -626,8 +624,13 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
                             if (errFlag) {
                                 ++numerrors;
                                 columnValue = 0.0;
-                                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + ":\"" + ShadingSunlitFracFileName + "\": found error processing column: " + std::to_string(colCnt) +
-                                                 ", row:" + std::to_string(rowCnt) + " in " + ShadingSunlitFracFileName + ".");
+                                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                                 format("{}:\"{}\": found error processing column: {}, row:{} in {}.",
+                                                        RoutineName,
+                                                        ShadingSunlitFracFileName,
+                                                        colCnt,
+                                                        rowCnt,
+                                                        ShadingSunlitFracFileName));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This value is set to 0.");
                             }
                             CSVAllColumnNameAndValues[colCnt - 1](rowCnt - 1) = columnValue;
@@ -639,13 +642,14 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
 
             if (rowCnt - 2 != rowLimitCount) {
                 if (rowCnt - 2 < rowLimitCount) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\" " + std::to_string((rowCnt - 2)) + " data values read.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state, format("{}{}=\"{}\" {} data values read.", RoutineName, CurrentModuleObject, Alphas(1), rowCnt - 2));
                 }
                 else if (rowCnt - 2 > rowLimitCount) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\" too many data values read.");
                 }
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Number of rows in the shading file must be a full year multiplied by the simulation TimeStep: " +
-                    std::to_string(rowLimitCount) + ".");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("Number of rows in the shading file must be a full year multiplied by the simulation TimeStep: {}.", rowLimitCount));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to previous condition.");
             }
 
@@ -653,8 +657,9 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
             ScheduleFileShadingProcessed = true;
 
             if (numerrors > 0) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\" " + RoundSigDigits(numerrors) +
-                                 " records had errors - these values are set to 0.");
+                ShowWarningError(
+                    state,
+                    format("{}{}=\"{}\" {} records had errors - these values are set to 0.", RoutineName, CurrentModuleObject, Alphas(1), numerrors));
             }
         }
 
@@ -757,14 +762,26 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
             if (ScheduleType(LoopIndex).Limited) {
                 if (ScheduleType(LoopIndex).Minimum > ScheduleType(LoopIndex).Maximum) {
                     if (ScheduleType(LoopIndex).IsReal) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\", " + cNumericFields(1) + " [" +
-                                        RoundSigDigits(ScheduleType(LoopIndex).Minimum, 2) + "] > " + cNumericFields(2) + " [" +
-                                        RoundSigDigits(ScheduleType(LoopIndex).Maximum, 2) + "].");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}=\"{}\", {} [{:.2R}] > {} [{:.2R}].",
+                                               RoutineName,
+                                               CurrentModuleObject,
+                                               Alphas(1),
+                                               cNumericFields(1),
+                                               ScheduleType(LoopIndex).Minimum,
+                                               cNumericFields(2),
+                                               ScheduleType(LoopIndex).Maximum));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  Other warning/severes about schedule values may appear.");
                     } else {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\", " + cNumericFields(1) + " [" +
-                                        RoundSigDigits(ScheduleType(LoopIndex).Minimum, 0) + "] > " + cNumericFields(2) + " [" +
-                                        RoundSigDigits(ScheduleType(LoopIndex).Maximum, 0) + "].");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}=\"{}\", {} [{:.0R}] > {} [{:.0R}].",
+                                               RoutineName,
+                                               CurrentModuleObject,
+                                               Alphas(1),
+                                               cNumericFields(1),
+                                               ScheduleType(LoopIndex).Minimum,
+                                               cNumericFields(2),
+                                               ScheduleType(LoopIndex).Maximum));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  Other warning/severes about schedule values may appear.");
                     }
                 }
@@ -877,7 +894,7 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
             // check to see if numfield=0
             if (NumFields == 0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\", Insufficient data entered for a full schedule day.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Number of interval fields = = [" + RoundSigDigits(NumFields) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Number of interval fields = = [{}].", NumFields));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1000,31 +1017,31 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
             // check to see if there are any fields
             if (Numbers(1) <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\", Insufficient data entered for a full schedule day.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minutes per Item field = [" + RoundSigDigits(int(Numbers(1))) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minutes per Item field = [{}].", Numbers(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 continue;
             }
             if (NumNumbers < 25) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\", Insufficient data entered for a full schedule day.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minutes per Item field = [" + RoundSigDigits(int(Numbers(1))) + "] and only [" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(NumNumbers - 1) + "] to apply to list fields.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...Minutes per Item field = [{}] and only [{}] to apply to list fields.", Numbers(1), NumNumbers - 1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 continue;
             }
             MinutesPerItem = int(Numbers(1));
             NumExpectedItems = 1440 / MinutesPerItem;
             if ((NumNumbers - 1) != NumExpectedItems) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + ", Number of Entered Items=" +
-                                RoundSigDigits(NumNumbers - 1) + " not equal number of expected items=" + RoundSigDigits(NumExpectedItems));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "based on " + cNumericFields(1) + " field value=" + RoundSigDigits(MinutesPerItem));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + ", Number of Entered Items=" +
+                                    format("{} not equal number of expected items={}", NumNumbers - 1, NumExpectedItems));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("based on {} field value={}", cNumericFields(1), MinutesPerItem));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 continue;
             }
 
             if (mod(60, MinutesPerItem) != 0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Requested " + cNumericFields(1) + " field value (" + RoundSigDigits(MinutesPerItem) +
-                                  ") not evenly divisible into 60");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Requested {} field value ({}) not evenly divisible into 60", cNumericFields(1), MinutesPerItem));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 continue;
             }
@@ -1384,7 +1401,7 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
                 }
                 ++WkCount;
                 ++AddWeekSch;
-                WeekSchedule(AddWeekSch).Name = Alphas(1) + "_wk_" + fmt::to_string(WkCount);
+                WeekSchedule(AddWeekSch).Name = format("{}_wk_{}", Alphas(1), WkCount);
                 WeekSchedule(AddWeekSch).Used = true;
                 for (Hr = StartPointer; Hr <= EndPointer; ++Hr) {
                     Schedule(SchNum).WeekSchedulePointer(Hr) = AddWeekSch;
@@ -1400,7 +1417,7 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
                     if (has_prefix(Alphas(NumField), "FOR")) {
                         ++DyCount;
                         ++AddDaySch;
-                        DaySchedule(AddDaySch).Name = Alphas(1) + "_dy_" + fmt::to_string(DyCount);
+                        DaySchedule(AddDaySch).Name = format("{}_dy_{}", Alphas(1), DyCount);
                         DaySchedule(AddDaySch).ScheduleTypePtr = Schedule(SchNum).ScheduleTypePtr;
                         DaySchedule(AddDaySch).Used = true;
                         TheseDays = false;
@@ -1663,7 +1680,7 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
             if (Numbers(3) != 8760 && Numbers(3) != 8784) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\", " + cNumericFields(3) +
                                 " must = 8760 or 8784 (for a leap year)");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Value for field = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 0) + ", Schedule not processed.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("..Value for field = {:.0T}, Schedule not processed.", Numbers(3)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 continue;
             }
@@ -1705,8 +1722,7 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
                 NumExpectedItems = 1440 / MinutesPerItem;
                 if (mod(60, MinutesPerItem) != 0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Requested " + cNumericFields(4) + " field value (" + RoundSigDigits(MinutesPerItem) +
-                                      ") not evenly divisible into 60");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Requested {} field value ({}) not evenly divisible into 60", cNumericFields(4), MinutesPerItem));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -1851,19 +1867,27 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
                 // schedule values have been filled into the hourlyFileValues array.
 
                 if (numerrors > 0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\" " + RoundSigDigits(numerrors) +
-                                     " records had errors - these values are set to 0.");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{}{}=\"{}\" {} records had errors - these values are set to 0.",
+                                            RoutineName,
+                                            CurrentModuleObject,
+                                            Alphas(1),
+                                            numerrors));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; to see individual records in error.");
                 }
                 if (rowCnt < rowLimitCount) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\" less than " + RoundSigDigits(numHourlyValues) +
-                                     " hourly values read from file.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Number read=" + TrimSigDigits((rowCnt * 60) / MinutesPerItem) + '.');
+                    ShowWarningError(
+                        state,
+                        format(
+                            "{}{}=\"{}\" less than {} hourly values read from file.", RoutineName, CurrentModuleObject, Alphas(1), numHourlyValues));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..Number read={}.", (rowCnt * 60) / MinutesPerItem));
                 }
                 if (rowCnt < rowLimitCount) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\" less than specified hourly values read from file.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Specified Number of Hourly Values=" + TrimSigDigits(numHourlyValues) +
-                                      " Actual number of hourly values included=" + TrimSigDigits((rowCnt * 60) / MinutesPerItem));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("..Specified Number of Hourly Values={} Actual number of hourly values included={}",
+                                             numHourlyValues,
+                                             (rowCnt * 60) / MinutesPerItem));
                 }
                 // process the data into the normal schedule data structures
                 // note -- schedules are ALWAYS 366 days so some special measures have to be done at 29 Feb "day of year" (60)
@@ -1875,7 +1899,7 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
                     ++iDay;
                     ++hDay;
                     if (iDay > 366) break;
-                    ExtraField = RoundSigDigits(iDay);
+                    ExtraField = fmt::to_string(iDay);
                     // increment both since a week schedule is being defined for each day so that a day is valid
                     // no matter what the day type that is used in a design day.
                     ++AddWeekSch;
@@ -1965,7 +1989,7 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
                 if (iDay > 366) {
                     break;
                 }
-                ExtraField = RoundSigDigits(iDay);
+                ExtraField = fmt::to_string(iDay);
                 // increment both since a week schedule is being defined for each day so that a day is valid
                 // no matter what the day type that is used in a design day.
                 ++AddWeekSch;
@@ -2254,8 +2278,10 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
             if (CheckScheduleValueMinMax(state, SchNum, ">=", ScheduleType(NumPointer).Minimum, "<=", ScheduleType(NumPointer).Maximum)) continue;
             ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Schedule=\"" + Schedule(SchNum).Name + "\" has values outside its Schedule Type (" +
                             ScheduleType(NumPointer).Name + ") range");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "  Minimum should be >=" + RoundSigDigits(ScheduleType(NumPointer).Minimum, 3) +
-                              " and Maximum should be <=" + RoundSigDigits(ScheduleType(NumPointer).Maximum, 3));
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("  Minimum should be >={:.3R} and Maximum should be <={:.3R}",
+                                     ScheduleType(NumPointer).Minimum,
+                                     ScheduleType(NumPointer).Maximum));
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
 
@@ -2327,7 +2353,6 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -2431,9 +2456,9 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
                 for (Count = 1; Count <= NumScheduleTypes; ++Count) {
                     if (ScheduleType(Count).Limited) {
                         NoAverageLinear = "Average";
-                        Num1 = RoundSigDigits(ScheduleType(Count).Minimum, 2);
+                        Num1 = format("{:.2R}", ScheduleType(Count).Minimum);
                         strip(Num1);
-                        Num2 = RoundSigDigits(ScheduleType(Count).Maximum, 2);
+                        Num2 = format("{:.2R}", ScheduleType(Count).Maximum);
                         strip(Num2);
                         if (ScheduleType(Count).IsReal) {
                             YesNo2 = "Yes";
@@ -2469,7 +2494,7 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
                     }
                     for (Hr = 1; Hr <= 24; ++Hr) {
                         for (TS = 1; TS <= state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour; ++TS) {
-                            RoundTSValue(TS, Hr) = RoundSigDigits(DaySchedule(Count).TSValue(TS, Hr), 2);
+                            RoundTSValue(TS, Hr) = format("{:.2R}", DaySchedule(Count).TSValue(TS, Hr));
                         }
                     }
                     static constexpr auto SchDFmtdata0("DaySchedule,{},{},{},{}");
@@ -2815,7 +2840,7 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
         // FUNCTION LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
 
         if (ThisHour > 24) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "LookUpScheduleValue called with thisHour=" + fmt::to_string(ThisHour));
+            ShowFatalError(state, format("LookUpScheduleValue called with thisHour={}", ThisHour));
         }
 
         if (ScheduleIndex == -1) {
@@ -4845,28 +4870,6 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
         // PURPOSE OF THIS SUBROUTINE:
         // In response to CR7498, report orphan (unused) schedule items.
 
-        // METHODOLOGY EMPLOYED:
-        // na
-
-        // REFERENCES:
-        // na
-
-        // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-
-        // Locals
-        // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
-        // na
-
-        // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
-        // na
-
-        // INTERFACE BLOCK SPECIFICATIONS:
-        // na
-
-        // DERIVED TYPE DEFINITIONS:
-        // na
-
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         bool NeedOrphanMessage;
         bool NeedUseMessage;
@@ -4892,7 +4895,7 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
         }
 
         if (NumCount > 0) {
-            ShowMessage(state, "There are " + RoundSigDigits(NumCount) + " unused schedules in input.");
+            ShowMessage(state, fmt::format("There are {} unused schedules in input.", NumCount));
             NeedUseMessage = true;
         }
 
@@ -4915,7 +4918,7 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
         }
 
         if (NumCount > 0) {
-            ShowMessage(state, "There are " + RoundSigDigits(NumCount) + " unused week schedules in input.");
+            ShowMessage(state, fmt::format("There are {} unused week schedules in input.", NumCount));
             NeedUseMessage = true;
         }
 
@@ -4938,7 +4941,7 @@ namespace ScheduleManager {
         }
 
         if (NumCount > 0) {
-            ShowMessage(state, "There are " + RoundSigDigits(NumCount) + " unused day schedules in input.");
+            ShowMessage(state, fmt::format("There are {} unused day schedules in input.", NumCount));
             NeedUseMessage = true;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SetPointManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SetPointManager.cc
index 9371b307890..165ccf1e3fb 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SetPointManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SetPointManager.cc
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
         using DataZoneControls::StageZoneLogic;
         using DataZoneEquipment::GetSystemNodeNumberForZone;
         using General::FindNumberInList;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetNodeNums;
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValueMinMax;
@@ -1076,8 +1076,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).CtrlNodeListName = cAlphaArgs(3);
             if (OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutHigh1 < OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutLow1) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid setpoints.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(4) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutHigh1, 1) + "] is less than " +
-                                  cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutLow1, 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(4),
+                                         OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutHigh1,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutLow1));
             }
             // Get optional input: schedule and 2nd reset rule
             if (NumAlphas == 4 && NumNums == 8) {
@@ -1090,9 +1094,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
                 OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutHigh2 = rNumericArgs(8);
                 if (OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutHigh2 < OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutLow2) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid setpoints.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(8) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutHigh2, 1) +
-                                      "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(6) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutLow2, 1) +
-                                      "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                             cNumericFieldNames(8),
+                                             OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutHigh2,
+                                             cNumericFieldNames(6),
+                                             OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).OutLow2));
                 }
             } else {
                 OutAirSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).Sched = "";
@@ -1183,9 +1190,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             SingZoneRhSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp = rNumericArgs(2);
             if (SingZoneRhSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp < SingZoneRhSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(SingZoneRhSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(SingZoneRhSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         SingZoneRhSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         SingZoneRhSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp));
             }
             SingZoneRhSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).ZoneNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(state,
                 cAlphaArgs(4), ErrorsFound, cCurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), NodeType_Air, NodeConnectionType_Sensor, 1, ObjectIsNotParent);
@@ -1281,9 +1291,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             SingZoneHtSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp = rNumericArgs(2);
             if (SingZoneHtSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp < SingZoneHtSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(SingZoneHtSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(SingZoneHtSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         SingZoneHtSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         SingZoneHtSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp));
             }
             SingZoneHtSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).ZoneNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(
                 state, cAlphaArgs(4), ErrorsFound, cCurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), NodeType_Air, NodeConnectionType_Sensor, 1, ObjectIsNotParent);
@@ -1378,9 +1391,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             SingZoneClSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp = rNumericArgs(2);
             if (SingZoneClSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp < SingZoneClSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(SingZoneClSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(SingZoneClSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         SingZoneClSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         SingZoneClSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp));
             }
             SingZoneClSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).ZoneNodeNum = GetOnlySingleNode(state,
                 cAlphaArgs(4), ErrorsFound, cCurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), NodeType_Air, NodeConnectionType_Sensor, 1, ObjectIsNotParent);
@@ -1809,17 +1825,23 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp = rNumericArgs(2);
             if (OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp < OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp));
             }
             OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHumRat = rNumericArgs(3);
             OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHumRat = rNumericArgs(4);
             if (OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHumRat < OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHumRat) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(4) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHumRat, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHumRat, 1) +
-                                  "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(4),
+                                         OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHumRat,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                         OAPretreatSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHumRat));
             }
 
             // Because a zero humidity ratio setpoint is a special value indicating "off" or "no load"
@@ -1938,9 +1960,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             WarmestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp = rNumericArgs(2);
             if (WarmestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp < WarmestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(WarmestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(WarmestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         WarmestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         WarmestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp));
             }
 
             {
@@ -2037,9 +2062,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             ColdestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp = rNumericArgs(2);
             if (ColdestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp < ColdestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(ColdestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(ColdestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         ColdestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         ColdestSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp));
             }
 
             {
@@ -2137,15 +2165,18 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             WarmestSetPtMgrTempFlow(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp = rNumericArgs(2);
             if (WarmestSetPtMgrTempFlow(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp < WarmestSetPtMgrTempFlow(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(WarmestSetPtMgrTempFlow(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(WarmestSetPtMgrTempFlow(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp, 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         WarmestSetPtMgrTempFlow(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         WarmestSetPtMgrTempFlow(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp));
             }
             WarmestSetPtMgrTempFlow(SetPtMgrNum).MinTurndown = rNumericArgs(3);
             if (WarmestSetPtMgrTempFlow(SetPtMgrNum).MinTurndown >= 0.8) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(3) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(WarmestSetPtMgrTempFlow(SetPtMgrNum).MinTurndown, 2) +
-                                  "] is greater than 0.8;");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state, format("...{}=[{:.2R}] is greater than 0.8;", cNumericFieldNames(3), WarmestSetPtMgrTempFlow(SetPtMgrNum).MinTurndown));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...typical values for " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + " are less than 0.8.");
             }
             {
@@ -2304,9 +2335,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
 
             if (MZAverageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp < MZAverageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(MZAverageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(MZAverageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp, 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         MZAverageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         MZAverageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp));
             }
 
             NodeListError = false;
@@ -2384,9 +2418,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
 
             if (MZAverageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp < MZAverageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(MZAverageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(MZAverageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp, 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         MZAverageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         MZAverageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp));
             }
 
             NodeListError = false;
@@ -2464,9 +2501,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
 
             if (MZAverageMinHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHum < MZAverageMinHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHum) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(MZAverageMinHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHum, 3) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(MZAverageMinHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHum, 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.3R}] is less than {}=[{:.3R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         MZAverageMinHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHum,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         MZAverageMinHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHum));
             }
 
             NodeListError = false;
@@ -2545,9 +2585,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
 
             if (MZAverageMaxHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHum < MZAverageMaxHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHum) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(MZAverageMaxHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHum, 3) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(MZAverageMaxHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHum, 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.3R}] is less than {}=[{:.3R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         MZAverageMaxHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHum,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         MZAverageMaxHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHum));
             }
 
             NodeListError = false;
@@ -2626,9 +2669,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
 
             if (MZMinHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHum < MZMinHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHum) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(MZMinHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHum, 3) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(MZMinHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHum, 3) +
-                                  "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.3R}] is less than {}=[{:.3R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         MZMinHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHum,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         MZMinHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHum));
             }
 
             NodeListError = false;
@@ -2707,9 +2753,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
 
             if (MZMaxHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHum < MZMaxHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHum) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(MZMaxHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHum, 3) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(MZMaxHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHum, 3) +
-                                  "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.3R}] is less than {}=[{:.3R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         MZMaxHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetHum,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         MZMaxHumSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetHum));
             }
 
             NodeListError = false;
@@ -2811,9 +2860,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             FollowOATempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp = rNumericArgs(3);
             if (FollowOATempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp < FollowOATempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(FollowOATempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(FollowOATempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         FollowOATempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                         FollowOATempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp));
             }
 
             NodeListError = false;
@@ -2918,9 +2970,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             FollowSysNodeTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp = rNumericArgs(3);
             if (FollowSysNodeTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp < FollowSysNodeTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(FollowSysNodeTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(FollowSysNodeTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp, 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         FollowSysNodeTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                         FollowSysNodeTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp));
             }
 
             NodeListError = false;
@@ -3013,7 +3068,7 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
                     if (!GroundTempObjInput) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                          "\" requires \"Site:GroundTemperature:BuildingSurface\" in the input.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Defaults, constant throughout the year of (" + RoundSigDigits(GroundTemp, 1) + ") will be used.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Defaults, constant throughout the year of ({:.1R}) will be used.", GroundTemp));
                     }
                     NoSurfaceGroundTempObjWarning = false;
                 }
@@ -3023,7 +3078,7 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
                     if (!GroundTemp_SurfaceObjInput) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                          "\" requires \"Site:GroundTemperature:Shallow\" in the input.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Defaults, constant throughout the year of (" + RoundSigDigits(GroundTemp_Surface, 1) + ") will be used.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Defaults, constant throughout the year of ({:.1R}) will be used.", GroundTemp_Surface));
                     }
                     NoShallowGroundTempObjWarning = false;
                 }
@@ -3033,7 +3088,7 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
                     if (!GroundTemp_DeepObjInput) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                          "\" requires \"Site:GroundTemperature:Deep\" in the input.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Defaults, constant throughout the year of (" + RoundSigDigits(GroundTemp_Deep, 1) + ") will be used.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Defaults, constant throughout the year of ({:.1R}) will be used.", GroundTemp_Deep));
                     }
                     NoDeepGroundTempObjWarning = false;
                 }
@@ -3043,7 +3098,7 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
                     if (!FCGroundTemps) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                          "\" requires \"Site:GroundTemperature:FCfactorMethod\" in the input.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Defaults, constant throughout the year of (" + RoundSigDigits(GroundTempFC, 1) + ") will be used.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Defaults, constant throughout the year of ({:.1R}) will be used.", GroundTempFC));
                     }
                     NoFCGroundTempObjWarning = false;
                 }
@@ -3060,9 +3115,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             GroundTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp = rNumericArgs(3);
             if (GroundTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp < GroundTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(GroundTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(GroundTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp, 1) +
-                                  "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         GroundTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxSetTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                         GroundTempSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MinSetTemp));
             }
 
             NodeListError = false;
@@ -3169,9 +3227,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             CondEntSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).CtrlNodeListName = cAlphaArgs(7);
             if (CondEntSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxCondEntTemp < CondEntSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).TowerDsnInletAirWetBulb) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(CondEntSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxCondEntTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(CondEntSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).TowerDsnInletAirWetBulb, 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         CondEntSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).MaxCondEntTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         CondEntSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).TowerDsnInletAirWetBulb));
             }
 
             NodeListError = false;
@@ -3330,9 +3391,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             if (SZOneStageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).CoolingOffTemp < SZOneStageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).CoolingOnTemp) {
                 // throw warning, off must be warmer than on
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(SZOneStageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).CoolingOffTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(SZOneStageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).CoolingOnTemp, 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         SZOneStageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).CoolingOffTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         SZOneStageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).CoolingOnTemp));
             }
 
             SZOneStageCoolingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).ControlZoneName = cAlphaArgs(2);
@@ -3425,9 +3489,12 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
             if (SZOneStageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).HeatingOffTemp > SZOneStageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).HeatingOnTemp) {
                 // throw warning, off must be cooler than on
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(SZOneStageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).HeatingOnTemp, 1) +
-                                  "] is less than " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(SZOneStageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).HeatingOffTemp, 1) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...{}=[{:.1R}] is less than {}=[{:.1R}].",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                         SZOneStageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).HeatingOnTemp,
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         SZOneStageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).HeatingOffTemp));
             }
 
             SZOneStageHeatingSetPtMgr(SetPtMgrNum).ControlZoneName = cAlphaArgs(2);
@@ -8961,7 +9028,7 @@ namespace SetPointManager {
         AllSetPtMgr(NumAllSetPtMgrs).CtrlNodes.allocate(1);
         AllSetPtMgr(NumAllSetPtMgrs).CtrlNodes(1) = SchTESSetPtMgr(NumSchTESSetPtMgrs).CtrlNodeNum;
         // Give it a Name just in case it's used for error reporting
-        AllSetPtMgr(NumAllSetPtMgrs).Name = "Auto generated TES SPM " + General::TrimSigDigits(NumSchTESSetPtMgrs);
+        AllSetPtMgr(NumAllSetPtMgrs).Name = format("Auto generated TES SPM {}", NumSchTESSetPtMgrs);
         AllSetPtMgr(NumAllSetPtMgrs).SPMType = iSPMType_TESScheduled;
         AllSetPtMgr(NumAllSetPtMgrs).CtrlTypeMode = iCtrlVarType_Temp;
         AllSetPtMgr(NumAllSetPtMgrs).NumCtrlNodes = 1;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SimAirServingZones.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SimAirServingZones.cc
index 3c3789bce6a..7e228986b52 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SimAirServingZones.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SimAirServingZones.cc
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ namespace SimAirServingZones {
         using BranchInputManager::NumBranchesInBranchList;
         using BranchInputManager::NumCompsInBranch;
         using DataConvergParams::AirLoopConvergence;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using HVACControllers::CheckCoilWaterInletNode;
         using HVACControllers::GetControllerActuatorNodeNum;
         using MixedAir::FindOAMixerMatchForOASystem;
@@ -709,9 +709,10 @@ namespace SimAirServingZones {
             }
             if (NumNodes != state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(AirSysNum).NumSupplyNodes) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + Alphas(1) + "\", node mismatch.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...number of air system exit nodes [" + RoundSigDigits(NumNodes) +
-                                  "] must match number of zone equip inlet nodes [" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(AirSysNum).NumSupplyNodes) +
-                                  "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...number of air system exit nodes [{}] must match number of zone equip inlet nodes [{}].",
+                                         NumNodes,
+                                         state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(AirSysNum).NumSupplyNodes));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             for (I = 1; I <= state.dataAirLoop->AirToZoneNodeInfo(AirSysNum).NumSupplyNodes; ++I) {
@@ -4163,10 +4164,12 @@ namespace SimAirServingZones {
             }
 
             if (state.dataAirSystemsData->PrimaryAirSystems(AirLoopNum).DesignVolFlowRate < SmallAirVolFlow) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "SizeAirLoopBranches: AirLoopHVAC " + state.dataAirSystemsData->PrimaryAirSystems(AirLoopNum).Name + " has air flow less than " +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(DataHVACGlobals::SmallAirVolFlow, 4) + " m3/s.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Primary air system volumetric flow rate = " +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataAirSystemsData->PrimaryAirSystems(AirLoopNum).DesignVolFlowRate, 4) + " m3/s.");
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("SizeAirLoopBranches: AirLoopHVAC {} has air flow less than {:.4R} m3/s.",
+                                       state.dataAirSystemsData->PrimaryAirSystems(AirLoopNum).Name,
+                                       SmallAirVolFlow));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Primary air system volumetric flow rate = {:.4R} m3/s.", state.dataAirSystemsData->PrimaryAirSystems(AirLoopNum).DesignVolFlowRate));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Check flow rate inputs for components in this air loop and,");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "if autosized, check Sizing:Zone and Sizing:System objects and related inputs.");
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Previous condition causes termination.");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SimulationManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SimulationManager.cc
index a37a72465a8..7c991edadad 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SimulationManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SimulationManager.cc
@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ extern "C" {
 }
 
 // C++ Headers
-#include <cmath>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 
@@ -245,7 +244,7 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
         using EMSManager::CheckIfAnyEMS;
         using EMSManager::ManageEMS;
         using ExteriorEnergyUse::ManageExteriorEnergyUse;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HVACControllers::DumpAirLoopStatistics;
         using MixedAir::CheckControllerLists;
         using NodeInputManager::CheckMarkedNodes;
@@ -552,7 +551,7 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
 
                 if (state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                     ++NumOfWarmupDays;
-                    cWarmupDay = TrimSigDigits(NumOfWarmupDays);
+                    cWarmupDay = fmt::to_string(NumOfWarmupDays);
                     DisplayString(state, "Warming up {" + cWarmupDay + '}');
                 } else if (state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim == 1) {
                     if (state.dataGlobal->KindOfSim == DataGlobalConstants::KindOfSim::RunPeriodWeather) {
@@ -736,7 +735,7 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
         using DataHVACGlobals::deviationFromSetPtThresholdClg;
         using DataHVACGlobals::deviationFromSetPtThresholdHtg;
         using DataHVACGlobals::LimitNumSysSteps;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -938,7 +937,7 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
                                           cNumericFieldNames);
             state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour = Number(1);
             if (state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour <= 0 || state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour > 60) {
-                Alphas(1) = RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour);
+                Alphas(1) = fmt::to_string(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour);
                 ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + ": Requested number (" + Alphas(1) + ") invalid, Defaulted to 4");
                 state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour = 4;
             } else if (mod(60, state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) != 0) {
@@ -948,19 +947,24 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
                     MinInt = state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour - Div60(Num);
                     Which = Num;
                 }
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + ": Requested number (" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) +
-                                 ") not evenly divisible into 60, defaulted to nearest (" + RoundSigDigits(Div60(Which)) + ").");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}: Requested number ({}) not evenly divisible into 60, defaulted to nearest ({}).",
+                                        CurrentModuleObject,
+                                        state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour,
+                                        Div60(Which)));
                 state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour = Div60(Which);
             }
             if (CondFDAlgo && state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour < 20) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + ": Requested number (" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) +
-                                 ") cannot be used when Conduction Finite Difference algorithm is selected.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}: Requested number ({}) cannot be used when Conduction Finite Difference algorithm is selected.",
+                                        CurrentModuleObject,
+                                        state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + CurrentModuleObject + " is set to 20.");
                 state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour = 20;
             }
             if (state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour < 4 && inputProcessor->getNumObjectsFound(state, "Zone") > 0) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + ": Requested number (" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) +
-                                 ") is less than the suggested minimum of 4.");
+                ShowWarningError(
+                    state, format("{}: Requested number ({}) is less than the suggested minimum of 4.", CurrentModuleObject, state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Please see entry for " + CurrentModuleObject + " in Input/Output Reference for discussion of considerations.");
             }
         } else if (Num == 0 && inputProcessor->getNumObjectsFound(state, "Zone") > 0 && !CondFDAlgo) {
@@ -1003,8 +1007,8 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
                 MinInt = state.dataGlobal->MinutesPerTimeStep;
             }
             if (MinInt < 0 || MinInt > 60) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + ": Requested " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " (" + RoundSigDigits(MinInt) +
-                                 ") invalid. Set to 1 minute.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}: Requested {} ({}) invalid. Set to 1 minute.", CurrentModuleObject, cNumericFieldNames(1), MinInt));
                 MinTimeStepSys = 1.0 / 60.0;
             } else if (MinInt == 0) { // Set to TimeStepZone
                 MinTimeStepSys = state.dataGlobal->TimeStepZone;
@@ -1289,14 +1293,17 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
                         bool advancedModeUsed = false;
                         if (fields.find("maxzonetempdiff") != fields.end()) { // not required field, has default value
                             DataConvergParams::MaxZoneTempDiff = fields.at("maxzonetempdiff");
-                            ShowWarningError(state, "PerformancePrecisionTradeoffs using the Advanced Override Mode, MaxZoneTempDiff set to: " +
-                                             RoundSigDigits(DataConvergParams::MaxZoneTempDiff, 4));
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("PerformancePrecisionTradeoffs using the Advanced Override Mode, MaxZoneTempDiff set to: {:.4R}",
+                                                    DataConvergParams::MaxZoneTempDiff));
                             advancedModeUsed = true;
                         }
                         if (fields.find("maxalloweddeltemp") != fields.end()) { // not required field, has default value
                             DataHeatBalance::MaxAllowedDelTemp = fields.at("maxalloweddeltemp");
-                            ShowWarningError(state, "PerformancePrecisionTradeoffs using the Advanced Override Mode, MaxAllowedDelTemp set to: " +
-                                             RoundSigDigits(DataHeatBalance::MaxAllowedDelTemp, 4));
+                            ShowWarningError(
+                                state,
+                                format("PerformancePrecisionTradeoffs using the Advanced Override Mode, MaxAllowedDelTemp set to: {:.4R}",
+                                       DataHeatBalance::MaxAllowedDelTemp));
                             advancedModeUsed = true;
                         }
                         if (advancedModeUsed) {
@@ -1374,12 +1381,7 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
               "Iterations, Maximum Plant Iterations");
         MinInt = MinTimeStepSys * 60.0;
         static constexpr auto Format_733(" System Convergence Limits, {}, {}, {}, {}\n");
-        print(state.files.eio,
-              Format_733,
-              RoundSigDigits(MinInt),
-              RoundSigDigits(MaxIter),
-              RoundSigDigits(MinPlantSubIterations),
-              RoundSigDigits(MaxPlantSubIterations));
+        print(state.files.eio, Format_733, MinInt, MaxIter, MinPlantSubIterations, MaxPlantSubIterations);
 
         if (state.dataGlobal->DoZoneSizing) {
             Alphas(1) = "Yes";
@@ -1439,21 +1441,21 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
             Alphas(2) = "ScriptF";
         }
         Alphas(3) = overrideModeValue;
-        Alphas(4) = General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour);
+        Alphas(4) = fmt::to_string(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour);
         if (DataHeatBalance::OverrideZoneAirSolutionAlgo) {
             Alphas(5) = "Yes";
         } else {
             Alphas(5) = "No";
         }
-        Alphas(6) = General::RoundSigDigits(DataHeatBalance::MinNumberOfWarmupDays);
+        Alphas(6) = fmt::to_string(DataHeatBalance::MinNumberOfWarmupDays);
         if (DataEnvironment::forceBeginEnvResetSuppress) {
             Alphas(7) = "Yes";
         } else {
             Alphas(7) = "No";
         }
-        Alphas(8) = General::RoundSigDigits(DataConvergParams::MinTimeStepSys * 60.0, 1);
-        Alphas(9) = General::RoundSigDigits(DataConvergParams::MaxZoneTempDiff, 3);
-        Alphas(10) = General::RoundSigDigits(DataHeatBalance::MaxAllowedDelTemp, 4);
+        Alphas(8) = format("{:.1R}", DataConvergParams::MinTimeStepSys * 60.0);
+        Alphas(9) = format("{:.3R}", DataConvergParams::MaxZoneTempDiff);
+        Alphas(10) = format("{:.4R}", DataHeatBalance::MaxAllowedDelTemp);
         std::string pptHeader = "! <Performance Precision Tradeoffs>, Use Coil Direct Simulation, "
                                 "Zone Radiant Exchange Algorithm, Override Mode, Number of Timestep In Hour, "
                                 "Force Euler Method, Minimum Number of Warmup Days, Force Suppress All Begin Environment Resets, "
@@ -1507,12 +1509,12 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
             UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Zone Radiant Exchange Algorithm", "ScriptF");
         }
         UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Override Mode", currentOverrideModeValue);
-        UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Number of Timesteps per Hour", General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour));
-        UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Minimum Number of Warmup Days", General::RoundSigDigits(DataHeatBalance::MinNumberOfWarmupDays));
+        UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Number of Timesteps per Hour", fmt::to_string(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour));
+        UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Minimum Number of Warmup Days", fmt::to_string(DataHeatBalance::MinNumberOfWarmupDays));
         UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "SuppressAllBeginEnvironmentResets", bool_to_string(DataEnvironment::forceBeginEnvResetSuppress));
-        UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Minimum System Timestep", General::RoundSigDigits(DataConvergParams::MinTimeStepSys * 60.0, 1));
-        UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "MaxZoneTempDiff", General::RoundSigDigits(DataConvergParams::MaxZoneTempDiff, 2));
-        UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "MaxAllowedDelTemp", General::RoundSigDigits(DataHeatBalance::MaxAllowedDelTemp, 4));
+        UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Minimum System Timestep", format("{:.1R}", DataConvergParams::MinTimeStepSys * 60.0));
+        UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "MaxZoneTempDiff", format("{:.2R}", DataConvergParams::MaxZoneTempDiff));
+        UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "MaxAllowedDelTemp", format("{:.4R}", DataHeatBalance::MaxAllowedDelTemp));
     }
 
     std::string bool_to_string(bool logical)
@@ -1899,7 +1901,7 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
         using namespace DataRuntimeLanguage;
         using DataHeatBalance::CondFDRelaxFactor;
         using DataHeatBalance::CondFDRelaxFactorInput;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using namespace DataSystemVariables; // , ONLY: MaxNumberOfThreads,NumberIntRadThreads,iEnvSetThreads
         using DataSurfaces::MaxVerticesPerSurface;
 
@@ -2008,17 +2010,17 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
             if (iEnvSetThreads == 0) {
                 cEnvSetThreads = "Not Set";
             } else {
-                cEnvSetThreads = RoundSigDigits(iEnvSetThreads);
+                cEnvSetThreads = fmt::to_string(iEnvSetThreads);
             }
             if (iepEnvSetThreads == 0) {
                 cepEnvSetThreads = "Not Set";
             } else {
-                cepEnvSetThreads = RoundSigDigits(iepEnvSetThreads);
+                cepEnvSetThreads = fmt::to_string(iepEnvSetThreads);
             }
             if (iIDFSetThreads == 0) {
                 cIDFSetThreads = "Not Set";
             } else {
-                cIDFSetThreads = RoundSigDigits(iIDFSetThreads);
+                cIDFSetThreads = fmt::to_string(iIDFSetThreads);
             }
             if (lnumActiveSims) {
                 print(state.files.eio,
@@ -2091,7 +2093,7 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
         using DataEnvironment::EndMonthFlag;
         using DataEnvironment::EnvironmentName;
         using ExteriorEnergyUse::ManageExteriorEnergyUse;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantPipingSystemsManager::CheckIfAnyBasements;
         using PlantPipingSystemsManager::CheckIfAnySlabs;
         using PlantPipingSystemsManager::SimulateGroundDomains;
@@ -2806,9 +2808,9 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
             ShowMessage(state, "No node connection errors were found.");
         } else {
             if (state.dataBranchNodeConnections->NumNodeConnectionErrors > 1) {
-                ShowMessage(state, "There were " + std::to_string(state.dataBranchNodeConnections->NumNodeConnectionErrors) + " node connection errors noted.");
+                ShowMessage(state, format("There were {} node connection errors noted.", state.dataBranchNodeConnections->NumNodeConnectionErrors));
             } else {
-                ShowMessage(state, "There was " + std::to_string(state.dataBranchNodeConnections->NumNodeConnectionErrors) + " node connection error noted.");
+                ShowMessage(state, format("There was {} node connection error noted.", state.dataBranchNodeConnections->NumNodeConnectionErrors));
             }
         }
 
@@ -2836,7 +2838,7 @@ namespace SimulationManager {
         // USE STATEMENTS:
         // na
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using namespace DataBranchNodeConnections;
         using namespace BranchNodeConnections;
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SingleDuct.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SingleDuct.cc
index 32c9a1470c4..ee296130c5e 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SingleDuct.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SingleDuct.cc
@@ -238,7 +238,6 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
         // at the system time step.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int SysNum; // The Sys that you are currently loading input into
@@ -261,13 +260,19 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
         } else {
             SysNum = CompIndex;
             if (SysNum > NumSDAirTerminal || SysNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateSingleDuct: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompIndex) +
-                               ", Number of Systems=" + TrimSigDigits(NumSDAirTerminal) + ", System name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimulateSingleDuct: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Systems={}, System name={}",
+                                      CompIndex,
+                                      NumSDAirTerminal,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CheckEquipName(SysNum)) {
                 if (CompName != sd_airterminal(SysNum).SysName) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateSingleDuct: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CompIndex) + ", System name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored System Name for that index=" + sd_airterminal(SysNum).SysName);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimulateSingleDuct: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, System name={}, stored System Name for that index={}",
+                                          CompIndex,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          sd_airterminal(SysNum).SysName));
                 }
                 CheckEquipName(SysNum) = false;
             }
@@ -2455,9 +2460,9 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SafeDivide;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::MyPlantSizingIndex;
         using SteamCoils::GetCoilSteamInletNode;
         using SteamCoils::GetCoilSteamOutletNode;
@@ -2573,9 +2578,9 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
                             if ((std::abs(MaxAirVolFlowRateDes - MaxAirVolFlowRateUser) / MaxAirVolFlowRateUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuct: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->SysType + " = \"" +
                                             this->SysName + "\".");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxAirVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxAirVolFlowRateDes, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxAirVolFlowRateUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("differs from Design Size Maximum Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxAirVolFlowRateDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -2622,10 +2627,11 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
                                 AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuct: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->SysType + " = \"" +
                                             this->SysName + "\".");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Heating Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxHeatAirVolFlowRateUser, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Heating Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MaxHeatAirVolFlowRateDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("User-Specified Maximum Heating Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxHeatAirVolFlowRateUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("differs from Design Size Maximum Heating Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxHeatAirVolFlowRateDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -2684,9 +2690,9 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
                     if ((std::abs(MinAirFlowFracDes - MinAirFlowFracUser) / MinAirFlowFracUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuct: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->SysType + " = \"" + this->SysName +
                                     "\".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Minimum Cooling Air Flow Fraction of " + RoundSigDigits(MinAirFlowFracUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Minimum Cooling Air Flow Fraction of " + RoundSigDigits(MinAirFlowFracDes, 5) +
-                                          " [m3/s]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Minimum Cooling Air Flow Fraction of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MinAirFlowFracUser));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("differs from Design Size Minimum Cooling Air Flow Fraction of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MinAirFlowFracDes));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                     }
@@ -2744,9 +2750,8 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
                     if ((std::abs(FixedMinAirDes - FixedMinAirUser) / FixedMinAirUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuct: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->SysType + " = \"" + this->SysName +
                                     "\".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Minimum Cooling Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(FixedMinAirUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Minimum Cooling Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(FixedMinAirDes, 5) +
-                                          " [m3/s]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Minimum Cooling Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", FixedMinAirUser));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Minimum Cooling Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", FixedMinAirDes));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                     }
@@ -2840,10 +2845,11 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
                         AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuct: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->SysType + " = \"" + this->SysName +
                                     "\".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Flow Fraction during Reheat of " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxAirVolFractionDuringReheatUser, 5) + " []");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Flow Fraction during Reheat of " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxAirVolFractionDuringReheatDes, 5) + " []");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("User-Specified Maximum Flow Fraction during Reheat of {:.5R} []", MaxAirVolFractionDuringReheatUser));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("differs from Design Size Maximum Flow Fraction during Reheat of {:.5R} []", MaxAirVolFractionDuringReheatDes));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                     }
@@ -2873,10 +2879,12 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
                         AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuct: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->SysType + " = \"" + this->SysName +
                                     "\".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Flow per Zone Floor Area during Reheat of " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheatUser, 5) + " [m3/s-m2]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Flow per Zone Floor Area during Reheat of " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheatDes, 5) + " [m3/s-m2]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("User-Specified Maximum Flow per Zone Floor Area during Reheat of {:.5R} [m3/s-m2]",
+                                                 MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheatUser));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("differs from Design Size Maximum Flow per Zone Floor Area during Reheat of {:.5R} [m3/s-m2]",
+                                                 MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheatDes));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                     }
@@ -2908,10 +2916,11 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
                         AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuct: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->SysType + " = \"" + this->SysName +
                                     "\".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Flow Fraction during Reheat of " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxAirVolFractionDuringReheatUser, 5) + " []");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Flow Fraction during Reheat of " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxAirVolFractionDuringReheatDes, 5) + " []");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("User-Specified Maximum Flow Fraction during Reheat of {:.5R} []", MaxAirVolFractionDuringReheatUser));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("differs from Design Size Maximum Flow Fraction during Reheat of {:.5R} []", MaxAirVolFractionDuringReheatDes));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                     }
@@ -2921,10 +2930,12 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
                         AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuct: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->SysType + " = \"" + this->SysName +
                                     "\".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Flow per Zone Floor Area during Reheat of " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheatUser, 5) + " [m3/s-m2]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Flow per Zone Floor Area during Reheat of " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheatDes, 5) + " [m3/s-m2]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("User-Specified Maximum Flow per Zone Floor Area during Reheat of {:.5R} [m3/s-m2]",
+                                                 MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheatUser));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("differs from Design Size Maximum Flow per Zone Floor Area during Reheat of {:.5R} [m3/s-m2]",
+                                                 MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheatDes));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                     }
@@ -3111,10 +3122,11 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
                                     AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuct: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->SysType + " = \"" +
                                                 this->SysName + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Reheat Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxReheatWaterVolFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Reheat Water Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxReheatWaterVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Maximum Reheat Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxReheatWaterVolFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Maximum Reheat Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxReheatWaterVolFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -3194,10 +3206,11 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
                                     AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACSingleDuct: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + this->SysType + " = \"" +
                                                 this->SysName + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Reheat Steam Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxReheatSteamVolFlowUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Reheat Steam Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxReheatSteamVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("User-Specified Maximum Reheat Steam Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxReheatSteamVolFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format("differs from Design Size Maximum Reheat Steam Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxReheatSteamVolFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -3234,10 +3247,13 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
                                      "reheat maximum");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Air Terminal Unit name = " + this->SysName);
                     ShowContinueError(state,
-                        "Maximum terminal flow during reheat = " + RoundSigDigits(this->MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheat, 6) +
-                        " [m3/s] or flow fraction = " + RoundSigDigits((this->MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheat / this->MaxAirVolFlowRate), 4));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Minimum terminal flow = " + RoundSigDigits((this->ZoneMinAirFracDes * this->MaxAirVolFlowRate), 6) +
-                                      " [m3/s] or flow fraction = " + RoundSigDigits(this->ZoneMinAirFracDes, 4));
+                                      format("Maximum terminal flow during reheat = {:.6R} [m3/s] or flow fraction = {:.4R}",
+                                             this->MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheat,
+                                             (this->MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheat / this->MaxAirVolFlowRate)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Minimum terminal flow = {:.6R} [m3/s] or flow fraction = {:.4R}",
+                                             (this->ZoneMinAirFracDes * this->MaxAirVolFlowRate),
+                                             this->ZoneMinAirFracDes));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "The reheat maximum flow limit will be replaced by the minimum limit, and the simulation continues");
                 }
                 this->MaxAirVolFlowRateDuringReheat = (this->ZoneMinAirFracDes * this->MaxAirVolFlowRate);
@@ -5896,9 +5912,11 @@ namespace SingleDuct {
             Node(SysATMixer(SysNum).SecInNode).MassFlowRate = SecAirMassFlowRate;
             if (std::abs(PriMassFlowRate + SecAirMassFlowRate - MixedAirMassFlowRate) > SmallMassFlow) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "CalcATMixer: Invalid mass flow rates in AirTerminal:SingleDuct:Mixer=" + SysATMixer(SysNum).Name);
-                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Primary mass flow rate=" + General::RoundSigDigits(PriMassFlowRate, 6) +
-                                           "Secondary mass flow rate=" + General::RoundSigDigits(SecAirMassFlowRate, 6) +
-                                           "Mixed mass flow rate=" + General::RoundSigDigits(MixedAirMassFlowRate, 6));
+                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
+                                           format("Primary mass flow rate={:.6R}Secondary mass flow rate={:.6R}Mixed mass flow rate={:.6R}",
+                                                  PriMassFlowRate,
+                                                  SecAirMassFlowRate,
+                                                  MixedAirMassFlowRate));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Simulation terminates.");
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SizingAnalysisObjects.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SizingAnalysisObjects.cc
index 139ed75aa3d..be67b32ba98 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SizingAnalysisObjects.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SizingAnalysisObjects.cc
@@ -450,8 +450,7 @@ void PlantCoinicidentAnalysis::ResolveDesignFlowRate(EnergyPlusData& state, int
     using DataSizing::LoopComponentSizingFactorMode;
     using DataSizing::NoSizingFactorMode;
     using DataSizing::PlantSizData;
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
     using namespace DataPlant;
     using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
     using DataHVACGlobals::SmallWaterVolFlow;
@@ -553,7 +552,7 @@ void PlantCoinicidentAnalysis::ResolveDesignFlowRate(EnergyPlusData& state, int
                                              "{},Normalized Change {},Specific Heat{J/kg-K},Density {kg/m3}\n");
         eioHeaderDoneOnce = true;
     }
-    chIteration = TrimSigDigits(HVACSizingIterCount);
+    chIteration = fmt::to_string(HVACSizingIterCount);
     if (setNewSizes) {
         chSetSizes = "Yes";
     } else {
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SizingManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SizingManager.cc
index 4eca7d70b4b..be4ad64228b 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SizingManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SizingManager.cc
@@ -173,8 +173,7 @@ namespace SizingManager {
         using ZoneEquipmentManager::UpdateZoneSizing;
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using OutputReportTabular::AllocateLoadComponentArrays;
         using OutputReportTabular::ComputeLoadComponentDecayCurve;
         using OutputReportTabular::DeallocateLoadComponentArrays;
@@ -353,11 +352,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim == 1) {
                                 if (!state.dataGlobal->isPulseZoneSizing) {
                                     DisplayString(state, "Performing Zone Sizing Simulation");
-                                    DisplayString(state, "...for Sizing Period: #" + RoundSigDigits(NumSizingPeriodsPerformed) + ' ' + EnvironmentName);
                                 } else {
                                     DisplayString(state, "Performing Zone Sizing Simulation for Load Component Report");
-                                    DisplayString(state, "...for Sizing Period: #" + RoundSigDigits(NumSizingPeriodsPerformed) + ' ' + EnvironmentName);
                                 }
+                                DisplayString(state, fmt::format("...for Sizing Period: #{} {}", NumSizingPeriodsPerformed, EnvironmentName));
                             }
                             UpdateZoneSizing(state, DataGlobalConstants::CallIndicator::BeginDay);
                             UpdateFacilitySizing(state, DataGlobalConstants::CallIndicator::BeginDay);
@@ -398,7 +396,7 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                                 if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
                                     TimeStepInDay = (state.dataGlobal->HourOfDay - 1) * state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour + state.dataGlobal->TimeStep;
                                     if (state.dataGlobal->HourOfDay == 1 && state.dataGlobal->TimeStep == 1) {
-                                        DesDayWeath(CurOverallSimDay).DateString = TrimSigDigits(Month) + '/' + TrimSigDigits(DayOfMonth);
+                                        DesDayWeath(CurOverallSimDay).DateString = fmt::format("{}/{}", Month, DayOfMonth);
                                     }
                                     DesDayWeath(CurOverallSimDay).Temp(TimeStepInDay) = OutDryBulbTemp;
                                     DesDayWeath(CurOverallSimDay).HumRat(TimeStepInDay) = OutHumRat;
@@ -540,7 +538,7 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                     } else { // (.NOT.WarmupFlag)
                         if (state.dataGlobal->DayOfSim == 1) {
                             DisplayString(state, "Calculating System sizing");
-                            DisplayString(state, "...for Sizing Period: #" + RoundSigDigits(NumSizingPeriodsPerformed) + ' ' + EnvironmentName);
+                            DisplayString(state, fmt::format("...for Sizing Period: #{} {}", NumSizingPeriodsPerformed, EnvironmentName));
                         }
                         UpdateSysSizing(state, DataGlobalConstants::CallIndicator::BeginDay);
                     }
@@ -2067,7 +2065,6 @@ namespace SizingManager {
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMaxValue;
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("GetOARequirements: "); // include trailing blank space
@@ -2186,7 +2183,6 @@ namespace SizingManager {
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMaxValue;
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -2473,7 +2469,6 @@ namespace SizingManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int NumAlphas;  // Number of Alphas for each GetObjectItem call
@@ -2522,8 +2517,12 @@ namespace SizingManager {
         }
 
         if (NumTimeStepsInAvg < state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) {
-            ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": note " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + " entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(NumTimeStepsInAvg) +
-                             "] is less than 1 hour (i.e., " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour) + " timesteps).");
+            ShowWarningError(state,
+                             format("{}: note {} entered value=[{}] is less than 1 hour (i.e., {} timesteps).",
+                                    cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                    cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                    NumTimeStepsInAvg,
+                                    state.dataGlobal->NumOfTimeStepInHour));
         }
 
         cCurrentModuleObject = "OutputControl:Sizing:Style";
@@ -2583,7 +2582,6 @@ namespace SizingManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int ZoneSizIndex;               // loop index
@@ -2759,8 +2757,8 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).CoolDesTemp = 0.0;
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(1) < 0.0 && ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).ZnCoolDgnSAMethod == SupplyAirTemperature) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) +
-                                          "],  value should not be negative.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.", cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(1) >= 0.0 && ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).ZnCoolDgnSAMethod == SupplyAirTemperature) {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).CoolDesTemp = rNumericArgs(1);
@@ -2809,8 +2807,8 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).HeatDesTemp = 0.0;
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(3) < 0.0 && ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).ZnHeatDgnSAMethod == SupplyAirTemperature) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 2) +
-                                          "],  value should not be negative.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.", cNumericFieldNames(3), rNumericArgs(3)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(3) >= 0.0 && ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).ZnHeatDgnSAMethod == SupplyAirTemperature) {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).HeatDesTemp = rNumericArgs(3);
@@ -2839,7 +2837,7 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                     if (lNumericFieldBlanks(5)) {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).CoolDesHumRat = 0.0;
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(5) < 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + ": " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 2));
+                        ShowSevereError(state, format("{}: incorrect {}: {:.2R}", cCurrentModuleObject, cNumericFieldNames(5), rNumericArgs(5)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, ".. value should not be negative. Occurs in Sizing Object=" + cAlphaArgs(1));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
@@ -2853,7 +2851,7 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                     if (lNumericFieldBlanks(6)) {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).HeatDesHumRat = 0.0;
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(6) < 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(6) + ": " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(6), 2));
+                        ShowSevereError(state, format("{}: incorrect {}: {:.2R}", cCurrentModuleObject, cNumericFieldNames(6), rNumericArgs(6)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, ".. value should not be negative. Occurs in Sizing Object=" + cAlphaArgs(1));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
@@ -2892,8 +2890,8 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).HeatSizingFactor = GlobalHeatSizingFactor;
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(7) < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(7) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(7), 2) +
-                                          "],  value should not be negative.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.", cNumericFieldNames(7), rNumericArgs(7)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).HeatSizingFactor = rNumericArgs(7);
@@ -2905,8 +2903,8 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).CoolSizingFactor = GlobalCoolSizingFactor;
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(8) < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(8) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(8), 2) +
-                                          "],  value should not be negative.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.", cNumericFieldNames(8), rNumericArgs(8)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).CoolSizingFactor = rNumericArgs(8);
@@ -2923,8 +2921,8 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).DesCoolAirFlow = 0.0;
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(9) < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(9) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(9), 2) +
-                                          "],  value should not be negative.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.", cNumericFieldNames(9), rNumericArgs(9)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).DesCoolAirFlow = rNumericArgs(9);
@@ -2944,8 +2942,8 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         }
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(10) < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(108) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(10), 2) +
-                                          "],  value should not be negative.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.", cNumericFieldNames(108), rNumericArgs(10)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).DesCoolMinAirFlowPerArea = rNumericArgs(10);
@@ -2960,8 +2958,8 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).DesCoolMinAirFlow = 0.0;
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(11) < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(11) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(11), 2) +
-                                          "],  value should not be negative.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.", cNumericFieldNames(11), rNumericArgs(11)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).DesCoolMinAirFlow = rNumericArgs(11);
@@ -2969,8 +2967,8 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                     //  N12,\field Cooling Minimum Air Flow Fraction
                     if (rNumericArgs(12) < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(12) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(12), 2) +
-                                          "],  value should not be negative.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.", cNumericFieldNames(12), rNumericArgs(12)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).DesCoolMinAirFlowFrac = rNumericArgs(12);
@@ -2988,8 +2986,8 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).DesHeatAirFlow = 0.0;
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(13) < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(13) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(13), 2) +
-                                          "],  value should not be negative.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.", cNumericFieldNames(13), rNumericArgs(13)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).DesHeatAirFlow = rNumericArgs(13);
@@ -3010,8 +3008,8 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         }
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(14) < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(14) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(14), 2) +
-                                          "],  value should not be negative.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.", cNumericFieldNames(14), rNumericArgs(14)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).DesHeatMaxAirFlowPerArea = rNumericArgs(14);
@@ -3033,8 +3031,8 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         }
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(15) < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(15) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(15), 2) +
-                                          "],  value should not be negative.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.", cNumericFieldNames(15), rNumericArgs(15)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).DesHeatMaxAirFlow = rNumericArgs(15);
@@ -3055,8 +3053,8 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         }
                     } else if (rNumericArgs(16) < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid data.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(16) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(16), 2) +
-                                          "],  value should not be negative.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.", cNumericFieldNames(16), rNumericArgs(16)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         ZoneSizingInput(ZoneSizIndex).DesHeatMaxAirFlowFrac = rNumericArgs(16);
@@ -3270,8 +3268,6 @@ namespace SizingManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Sizing:System;
         int const iNameAlphaNum = 1;                          // A1, \field AirLoop Name
@@ -3447,8 +3443,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                 SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).DesOutAirVolFlow = AutoSize;
             } else if (rNumericArgs(iDesignOAVolFlowNumericNum) < 0.0 && rNumericArgs(iDesignOAVolFlowNumericNum) != AutoSize) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(iNameAlphaNum) + "\", invalid data.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(iDesignOAVolFlowNumericNum) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iDesignOAVolFlowNumericNum), 2) + "],  value should not be negative.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(iDesignOAVolFlowNumericNum),
+                                         rNumericArgs(iDesignOAVolFlowNumericNum)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             } else {
                 SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).DesOutAirVolFlow = rNumericArgs(iDesignOAVolFlowNumericNum);
@@ -3467,8 +3465,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                 SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).SysAirMinFlowRat = 0.0;
             } else if ((rNumericArgs(iMinSysAirFlowRatioNumericNum) < 0.0) && (rNumericArgs(iMinSysAirFlowRatioNumericNum) != DataSizing::AutoSize)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(iMinSysAirFlowRatioNumericNum) + "\", invalid data.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(iMinSysAirFlowRatioNumericNum) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iMinSysAirFlowRatioNumericNum), 2) + "],  value should not be negative.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(iMinSysAirFlowRatioNumericNum),
+                                         rNumericArgs(iMinSysAirFlowRatioNumericNum)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             } else {
                 SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).SysAirMinFlowRat = rNumericArgs(iMinSysAirFlowRatioNumericNum);
@@ -3510,8 +3510,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                 SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).DesCoolAirFlow = 0.0;
             } else if (rNumericArgs(iMaxCoolAirVolFlowNumericNum) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(iNameAlphaNum) + "\", invalid data.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(iMaxCoolAirVolFlowNumericNum) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iMaxCoolAirVolFlowNumericNum), 2) + "],  value should not be negative.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(iMaxCoolAirVolFlowNumericNum),
+                                         rNumericArgs(iMaxCoolAirVolFlowNumericNum)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             } else {
                 SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).DesCoolAirFlow = rNumericArgs(iMaxCoolAirVolFlowNumericNum);
@@ -3535,8 +3537,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                 SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).DesHeatAirFlow = 0.0;
             } else if (rNumericArgs(iMaxHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(iNameAlphaNum) + "\", invalid data.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(iMaxHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iMaxHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum), 2) + "],  value should not be negative.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(iMaxHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum),
+                                         rNumericArgs(iMaxHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             } else {
                 SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).DesHeatAirFlow = rNumericArgs(iMaxHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum);
@@ -3554,8 +3558,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                 SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).MaxZoneOAFraction = 0.0;
             } else if (rNumericArgs(iZoneMaxOAFractionNumericNum) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(iNameAlphaNum) + "\", invalid data.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "... incorrect " + cNumericFieldNames(iZoneMaxOAFractionNumericNum) + "=[" +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iZoneMaxOAFractionNumericNum), 2) + "],  value should not be negative.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("... incorrect {}=[{:.2R}],  value should not be negative.",
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(iZoneMaxOAFractionNumericNum),
+                                         rNumericArgs(iZoneMaxOAFractionNumericNum)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             } else {
                 SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).MaxZoneOAFraction = rNumericArgs(iZoneMaxOAFractionNumericNum);
@@ -3651,8 +3657,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                 SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iCoolDesignCapacityNumericNum);
                 if (SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity < 0.0 && SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).AirPriLoopName);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iCoolDesignCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iCoolDesignCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                             cNumericFieldNames(iCoolDesignCapacityNumericNum),
+                                             rNumericArgs(iCoolDesignCapacityNumericNum)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             } else if (UtilityRoutines::SameString(cAlphaArgs(iCoolCAPMAlphaNum), "CAPACITYPERFLOORAREA")) {
@@ -3662,8 +3670,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                     if (SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).AirPriLoopName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFieldNames(iCoolCAPMAlphaNum) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(iCoolCAPMAlphaNum));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iCoolCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iCoolCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iCoolCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iCoolCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity == AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).AirPriLoopName);
@@ -3683,8 +3693,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                     SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iCoolFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum);
                     if (SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).AirPriLoopName);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iCoolFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iCoolFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iCoolFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iCoolFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -3710,8 +3722,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                 SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum);
                 if (SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0 && SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).AirPriLoopName);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                             cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum),
+                                             rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             } else if (UtilityRoutines::SameString(cAlphaArgs(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum), "CAPACITYPERFLOORAREA")) {
@@ -3721,8 +3735,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                     if (SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).AirPriLoopName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFieldNames(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity == AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).AirPriLoopName);
@@ -3742,8 +3758,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                     SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum);
                     if (SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + SysSizInput(SysSizIndex).AirPriLoopName);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -4023,7 +4041,6 @@ namespace SizingManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataStringGlobals::VerString;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -4098,7 +4115,6 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                          int const &TimeStepIndex         // time step of the peak
     )
     {
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         if (ReportSysSizingMyOneTimeFlag) {
             print(state.files.eio,
@@ -4155,8 +4171,6 @@ namespace SizingManager {
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using DataSizing::NumZoneHVACSizing;
         using DataSizing::ZoneHVACSizing;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("GetZoneHVACSizing: "); // include trailing blank space
@@ -4282,8 +4296,9 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxCoolAirVolFlow == AutoSize) ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).RequestAutoSize = true;
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iMaxCoolAirVolFlowNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iMaxCoolAirVolFlowNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(iMaxCoolAirVolFlowNumericNum), Numbers(iMaxCoolAirVolFlowNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -4299,8 +4314,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(iCoolSAFMAlphaNum) + " = " + Alphas(iCoolSAFMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iCoolFlowPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iCoolFlowPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFields(iCoolFlowPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                     Numbers(iCoolFlowPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             // Autosized input is not allowed
                         } else if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxCoolAirVolFlow == AutoSize) {
@@ -4325,8 +4342,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(iCoolSAFMAlphaNum) + " = " + Alphas(iCoolSAFMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iCoolFlowPerFracCoolNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iCoolFlowPerFracCoolNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFields(iCoolFlowPerFracCoolNumericNum),
+                                                     Numbers(iCoolFlowPerFracCoolNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             // Autosized input is not allowed
                         } else if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxCoolAirVolFlow == AutoSize) {
@@ -4352,8 +4371,9 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxCoolAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(iCoolSAFMAlphaNum) + " = " + Alphas(iCoolSAFMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iCoolFlowPerCoolCapNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iCoolFlowPerCoolCapNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(iCoolFlowPerCoolCapNumericNum), Numbers(iCoolFlowPerCoolCapNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             // Autosized input is not allowed
                         } else if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxCoolAirVolFlow == AutoSize) {
@@ -4389,8 +4409,9 @@ namespace SizingManager {
 
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iMaxHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iMaxHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(iMaxHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum), Numbers(iMaxHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -4406,8 +4427,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(iHeatSAFMAlphaNum) + " = " + Alphas(iHeatSAFMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iHeatFlowPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iHeatFlowPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFields(iHeatFlowPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                     Numbers(iHeatFlowPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             // Autosized input is not allowed
                         } else if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxHeatAirVolFlow == AutoSize) {
@@ -4432,8 +4455,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(iHeatSAFMAlphaNum) + " = " + Alphas(iHeatSAFMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iHeatFlowPerFracCoolNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iHeatFlowPerFracCoolNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFields(iHeatFlowPerFracCoolNumericNum),
+                                                     Numbers(iHeatFlowPerFracCoolNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             // Autosized input is not allowed
                         } else if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxHeatAirVolFlow == AutoSize) {
@@ -4458,8 +4483,9 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(iHeatSAFMAlphaNum) + " = " + Alphas(iHeatSAFMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iHeatFlowPerHeatCapNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iHeatFlowPerHeatCapNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(iHeatFlowPerHeatCapNumericNum), Numbers(iHeatFlowPerHeatCapNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             // Autosized input is not allowed
                         } else if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxHeatAirVolFlow == AutoSize) {
@@ -4494,8 +4520,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow == AutoSize) ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).RequestAutoSize = true;
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iMaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iMaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFields(iMaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum),
+                                                     Numbers(iMaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlowNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -4511,8 +4539,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(iNoCoolHeatSAFMAlphaNum) + " = " + Alphas(iNoCoolHeatSAFMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iNoCoolHeatFlowPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iNoCoolHeatFlowPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFields(iNoCoolHeatFlowPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                     Numbers(iNoCoolHeatFlowPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             // Autosized input is not allowed
                         } else if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow == AutoSize) {
@@ -4538,8 +4568,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(iNoCoolHeatSAFMAlphaNum) + " = " + Alphas(iNoCoolHeatSAFMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iNoCoolHeatFlowPerFracCoolNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iNoCoolHeatFlowPerFracCoolNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFields(iNoCoolHeatFlowPerFracCoolNumericNum),
+                                                     Numbers(iNoCoolHeatFlowPerFracCoolNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             // Autosized input is not allowed
                         } else if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow == AutoSize) {
@@ -4565,8 +4597,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(iNoCoolHeatSAFMAlphaNum) + " = " + Alphas(iNoCoolHeatSAFMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iNoCoolHeatFlowPerFracHeatNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iNoCoolHeatFlowPerFracHeatNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFields(iNoCoolHeatFlowPerFracHeatNumericNum),
+                                                     Numbers(iNoCoolHeatFlowPerFracHeatNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             // Autosized input is not allowed
                         } else if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow == AutoSize) {
@@ -4602,8 +4636,9 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity == AutoSize) ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).RequestAutoSize = true;
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity < 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iCoolDesignCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iCoolDesignCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(iCoolDesignCapacityNumericNum), Numbers(iCoolDesignCapacityNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -4619,8 +4654,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity <= 0.0) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(iCoolCAPMAlphaNum) + " = " + Alphas(iCoolCAPMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iCoolCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iCoolCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFields(iCoolCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                     Numbers(iCoolCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             // Autosized input is not allowed
                         } else if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity == AutoSize) {
@@ -4642,8 +4679,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity == AutoSize) ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).RequestAutoSize = true;
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity < 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iCoolFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iCoolFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFields(iCoolFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                     Numbers(iCoolFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -4668,8 +4707,9 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity == AutoSize) ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).RequestAutoSize = true;
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}", cNumericFields(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum), Numbers(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -4685,8 +4725,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity <= 0.0) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFields(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum) + " = " + Alphas(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFields(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                     Numbers(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                             // Autosized input is not allowed
                         } else if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity == AutoSize) {
@@ -4708,8 +4750,10 @@ namespace SizingManager {
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity == AutoSize) ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).RequestAutoSize = true;
                         if (ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0 && ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).ScaledCoolingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + ZoneHVACSizing(zSIndex).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFields(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(Numbers(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                     cNumericFields(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                     Numbers(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -4751,8 +4795,6 @@ namespace SizingManager {
         // appropriate data structure.
 
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         static std::string const RoutineName("GetAirTerminalSizing: "); // include trailing blank space
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SolarCollectors.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SolarCollectors.cc
index 0c2ac4fc565..3887ab35a20 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SolarCollectors.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SolarCollectors.cc
@@ -321,8 +321,8 @@ namespace SolarCollectors {
                                          DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(3));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Surface used for solar collector faces down");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Surface tilt angle (degrees from ground outward normal) = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(DataSurfaces::Surface(SurfNum).Tilt, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("Surface tilt angle (degrees from ground outward normal) = {:.2R}", DataSurfaces::Surface(SurfNum).Tilt));
                     }
 
                     // Check to make sure other solar collectors are not using the same surface
@@ -418,16 +418,14 @@ namespace SolarCollectors {
                 state.dataSolarCollectors->Parameters(ParametersNum).Area = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1);
                 if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1) <= 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleParamObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + " = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Collector gross area must be always gretaer than zero.");
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 state.dataSolarCollectors->Parameters(ParametersNum).Volume = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
                 if (DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2) <= 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleParamObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Collector water volume must be always gretaer than zero.");
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
@@ -467,8 +465,7 @@ namespace SolarCollectors {
                     state.dataSolarCollectors->Parameters(ParametersNum).EmissOfCover(1) = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(12);
                 } else {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleParamObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8) + " = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal {} = {:.2R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 // Solar absorptance of the absorber plate
@@ -552,8 +549,8 @@ namespace SolarCollectors {
                                          DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(3));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Surface used for solar collector faces down");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Surface tilt angle (degrees from ground outward normal) = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(DataSurfaces::Surface(SurfNum).Tilt, 2));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format("Surface tilt angle (degrees from ground outward normal) = {:.2R}", DataSurfaces::Surface(SurfNum).Tilt));
                     }
 
                     // Check to make sure other solar collectors are not using the same surface
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SolarShading.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SolarShading.cc
index a41dbc7d748..5bafe4d1686 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SolarShading.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SolarShading.cc
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@
 #include <ObjexxFCL/Fmath.hh>
 #include <ObjexxFCL/Vector3.hh>
 #include <ObjexxFCL/member.functions.hh>
-#include <ObjexxFCL/string.functions.hh>
 
 // EnergyPlus Headers
 #include <EnergyPlus/CommandLineInterface.hh>
@@ -371,7 +370,7 @@ namespace SolarShading {
         // This subroutine gets the Shadowing Calculation object.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using DataSystemVariables::DetailedSkyDiffuseAlgorithm;
         using DataSystemVariables::DetailedSolarTimestepIntegration;
@@ -425,7 +424,7 @@ namespace SolarShading {
         }
         if (state.dataSolarShading->ShadowingCalcFrequency > 31) {
             ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": suspect " + cNumericFieldNames(1));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Value entered=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 0) + "], Shadowing Calculations will be inaccurate.");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Value entered=[{:.0R}], Shadowing Calculations will be inaccurate.", rNumericArgs(1)));
         }
 
         if (rNumericArgs(2) > 199.0) {
@@ -760,8 +759,6 @@ namespace SolarShading {
         // METHODOLOGY EMPLOYED:
         // Allocation is dependent on the user input file.
 
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-
         int SurfLoop;
         int I;
         int NumOfLayers;
@@ -1189,7 +1186,8 @@ namespace SolarShading {
                     }
                     for (I = 1; I <= NumOfLayers; ++I) {
                         if (state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfLoop).Construction).WindowTypeBSDF) {
-                            SetupOutputVariable(state, "Surface Window Total Absorbed Shortwave Radiation Rate Layer " + RoundSigDigits(I) + "",
+                            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                                format("Surface Window Total Absorbed Shortwave Radiation Rate Layer {}", I),
                                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::W,
                                                 SurfWinQRadSWwinAbsLayer(I, SurfLoop),
                                                 "Zone",
@@ -1197,7 +1195,8 @@ namespace SolarShading {
                                                 Surface(SurfLoop).Name);
                         }
                         if (state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfLoop).Construction).WindowTypeBSDF || (I == 1)) {
-                            SetupOutputVariable(state, "Surface Window Front Face Temperature Layer " + RoundSigDigits(I) + "",
+                            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                                format("Surface Window Front Face Temperature Layer {}", I),
                                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                                 SurfWinFenLaySurfTempFront(I, SurfLoop),
                                                 "Zone",
@@ -1205,7 +1204,8 @@ namespace SolarShading {
                                                 Surface(SurfLoop).Name);
                         }
                         if (state.dataConstruction->Construct(Surface(SurfLoop).Construction).WindowTypeBSDF || (I == NumOfLayers)) {
-                            SetupOutputVariable(state, "Surface Window Back Face Temperature Layer " + RoundSigDigits(I) + "",
+                            SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                                format("Surface Window Back Face Temperature Layer {}", I),
                                                 OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                                 SurfWinFenLaySurfTempBack(I, SurfLoop),
                                                 "Zone",
@@ -2256,7 +2256,6 @@ namespace SolarShading {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataSystemVariables::DetailedSkyDiffuseAlgorithm;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -2333,7 +2332,7 @@ namespace SolarShading {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "Cosine of incident angle of beam solar on surface out of range...too high");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "This is a diagnostic error that should not be encountered under normal circumstances");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs on surface: " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Current value = " + TrimSigDigits(CosIncAngBeamOnSurface) + " ... should be within [-1, +1]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Current value = {} ... should be within [-1, +1]", CosIncAngBeamOnSurface));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Anisotropic solar calculation causes fatal error");
                 }
                 CosIncAngBeamOnSurface = 1.0;
@@ -2342,7 +2341,7 @@ namespace SolarShading {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "Cosine of incident angle of beam solar on surface out of range...too low");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "This is a diagnostic error that should not be encountered under normal circumstances");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs on surface: " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Current value = " + TrimSigDigits(CosIncAngBeamOnSurface) + " ... should be within [-1, +1]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Current value = {} ... should be within [-1, +1]", CosIncAngBeamOnSurface));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Anisotropic solar calculation causes fatal error");
                 }
                 CosIncAngBeamOnSurface = -1.0;
@@ -2430,8 +2429,12 @@ namespace SolarShading {
             if (DOTP > 0.0009) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, "Problem in interior solar distribution calculation (CHKBKS)");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   Solar Distribution = FullInteriorExterior will not work in Zone=" + Surface(NRS).ZoneName);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "   because one or more of vertices, such as Vertex " + std::to_string(N) + " of back surface=" + Surface(NBS).Name +
-                                  ", is in front of receiving surface=" + Surface(NRS).Name);
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("   because one or more of vertices, such as Vertex {} of back surface={}, is in front of receiving surface={}",
+                           N,
+                           Surface(NBS).Name,
+                           Surface(NRS).Name));
                 ShowContinueError(state, format("   (Dot Product indicator={:20.4F})", DOTP));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "   Check surface geometry; if OK, use Solar Distribution = FullExterior instead. Use Output:Diagnostics, DisplayExtraWarnings; for more details.");
                 if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) break;
@@ -2901,7 +2904,6 @@ namespace SolarShading {
         // REFERENCES:
         // BLAST/IBLAST code, original author George Walton
 
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
         using namespace DataWindowEquivalentLayer;
 
         Real64 AreaSum;       // Intermediate calculation value
@@ -2933,7 +2935,7 @@ namespace SolarShading {
                 thisEnclosure.FloorArea = HorizAreaSum;
                 ShowWarningError(state, "ComputeIntSolarAbsorpFactors: Solar distribution model is set to place solar gains on the zone floor,");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Enclosure=\"" + thisEnclosure.Name + "\" has no floor, but has approximate horizontal surfaces.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...these Tilt > 120 degrees, (area=[" + RoundSigDigits(HorizAreaSum, 2) + "] m2) will be used.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...these Tilt > 120 degrees, (area=[{:.2R}] m2) will be used.", HorizAreaSum));
             }
 
             // Compute ISABSF
@@ -3211,14 +3213,13 @@ namespace SolarShading {
         // 'CRC Math Tables', 22 ED, 'Analytic Geometry', P.369
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
         //                1 - Compute H.C. of vertices & sides
 
         if (NS > 2 * state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "Solar Shading: HTrans: Too many Figures (>" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS) + ')');
+            ShowFatalError(state, format("Solar Shading: HTrans: Too many Figures (>{})", state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS));
         }
 
         state.dataSolarShading->HCNV(NS) = NumVertices;
@@ -3276,12 +3277,11 @@ namespace SolarShading {
     )
     {
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
 
         if (NS > 2 * state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "Solar Shading: HTrans0: Too many Figures (>" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS) + ')');
+            ShowFatalError(state, format("Solar Shading: HTrans0: Too many Figures (>{})", state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS));
         }
 
         state.dataSolarShading->HCNV(NS) = NumVertices;
@@ -3322,10 +3322,9 @@ namespace SolarShading {
     )
     {
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         if (NS > 2 * state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS) {
-            ShowFatalError(state, "Solar Shading: HTrans1: Too many Figures (>" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS) + ')');
+            ShowFatalError(state, format("Solar Shading: HTrans1: Too many Figures (>{})", state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS));
         }
 
         state.dataSolarShading->HCNV(NS) = NumVertices;
@@ -4346,7 +4345,6 @@ namespace SolarShading {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataSystemVariables::SutherlandHodgman;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         int N;    // Loop index
         int NV1;  // Number of vertices of figure NS1
@@ -4365,8 +4363,10 @@ namespace SolarShading {
             state.dataSolarShading->OverlapStatus = state.dataSolarShading->TooManyFigures;
 
             if (!state.dataSolarShading->TooManyFiguresMessage && !state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "DeterminePolygonOverlap: Too many figures [>" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS) +
-                                 "]  detected in an overlap calculation. Use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; for more details.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("DeterminePolygonOverlap: Too many figures [>{}]  detected in an overlap calculation. Use "
+                                        "Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; for more details.",
+                                        state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS));
                 state.dataSolarShading->TooManyFiguresMessage = true;
             }
 
@@ -4451,8 +4451,10 @@ namespace SolarShading {
             state.dataSolarShading->OverlapStatus = state.dataSolarShading->TooManyVertices;
 
             if (!state.dataSolarShading->TooManyVerticesMessage && !state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "DeterminePolygonOverlap: Too many vertices [>" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCV) +
-                                 "] detected in an overlap calculation. Use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; for more details.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("DeterminePolygonOverlap: Too many vertices [>{}] detected in an overlap calculation. Use "
+                                        "Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; for more details.",
+                                        state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCV));
                 state.dataSolarShading->TooManyVerticesMessage = true;
             }
 
@@ -4467,8 +4469,10 @@ namespace SolarShading {
             state.dataSolarShading->OverlapStatus = state.dataSolarShading->TooManyFigures;
 
             if (!state.dataSolarShading->TooManyFiguresMessage && !state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "DeterminePolygonOverlap: Too many figures [>" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS) +
-                                 "]  detected in an overlap calculation. Use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; for more details.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("DeterminePolygonOverlap: Too many figures [>{}]  detected in an overlap calculation. Use "
+                                        "Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; for more details.",
+                                        state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS));
                 state.dataSolarShading->TooManyFiguresMessage = true;
             }
 
@@ -4808,7 +4812,6 @@ namespace SolarShading {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataErrorTracking;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         Array1D_int GSS;             // List of shadowing surfaces numbers for a receiving surface
         Array1D_int BKS;             // List of back surface numbers for a receiving surface
@@ -5195,16 +5198,18 @@ namespace SolarShading {
             }
 
             if (TotalReceivingNonConvexSurfaces > 0) {
-                ShowWarningMessage(state, "DetermineShadowingCombinations: There are " + TrimSigDigits(TotalReceivingNonConvexSurfaces) +
-                    " surfaces which are receiving surfaces and are non-convex.");
+                ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                                   format("DetermineShadowingCombinations: There are {} surfaces which are receiving surfaces and are non-convex.",
+                                          TotalReceivingNonConvexSurfaces));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Shadowing values may be inaccurate. Check .shd report file for more surface shading details");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Add Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; to see individual warnings for each surface.");
                 TotalWarningErrors += TotalReceivingNonConvexSurfaces;
             }
 
             if (TotalCastingNonConvexSurfaces > 0) {
-                ShowSevereMessage(state, "DetermineShadowingCombinations: There are " + TrimSigDigits(TotalCastingNonConvexSurfaces) +
-                    " surfaces which are casting surfaces and are non-convex.");
+                ShowSevereMessage(state,
+                                  format("DetermineShadowingCombinations: There are {} surfaces which are casting surfaces and are non-convex.",
+                                         TotalCastingNonConvexSurfaces));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Shadowing values may be inaccurate. Check .shd report file for more surface shading details");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Add Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; to see individual severes for each surface.");
                 TotalSevereErrors += TotalCastingNonConvexSurfaces;
@@ -10532,7 +10537,6 @@ namespace SolarShading {
         // errors in the error file.
 
         using namespace DataErrorTracking; // for error tracking
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         static Array1D_string const MSG(4, {"misses", "", "within", "overlaps"});
 
@@ -10571,7 +10575,7 @@ namespace SolarShading {
                 TotalWarningErrors += Count - 1;
                 ShowWarningError(state, "Base surface does not surround subsurface (CHKSBS), Overlap Status=" +
                                  state.dataSolarShading->cOverLapStatus(state.dataSolarShading->TrackBaseSubSurround(Loop1).MiscIndex));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "  The base surround errors occurred " + std::to_string(Count) + " times.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("  The base surround errors occurred {} times.", Count));
                 for (Loop2 = 1; Loop2 <= state.dataSolarShading->NumBaseSubSurround; ++Loop2) {
                     if (state.dataSolarShading->TrackBaseSubSurround(Loop1).SurfIndex1 == state.dataSolarShading->TrackBaseSubSurround(Loop2).SurfIndex1 &&
                         state.dataSolarShading->TrackBaseSubSurround(Loop1).MiscIndex == state.dataSolarShading->TrackBaseSubSurround(Loop2).MiscIndex) {
@@ -10584,7 +10588,7 @@ namespace SolarShading {
             }
             if (TotCount > 0) {
                 ShowMessage(state, "");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "  The base surround errors occurred " + std::to_string(TotCount) + " times (total).");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("  The base surround errors occurred {} times (total).", TotCount));
                 ShowMessage(state, "");
             }
 
@@ -10592,7 +10596,7 @@ namespace SolarShading {
             SurfErrorReported = false;
             TotCount = 0;
             if (state.dataSolarShading->NumTooManyVertices > 0) {
-                ShowMessage(state, "Too many vertices [>=" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCV) + "] in shadow overlap errors occurring...");
+                ShowMessage(state, format("Too many vertices [>={}] in shadow overlap errors occurring...", state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCV));
                 ShowMessage(state, "These occur throughout the year and may occur several times for the same surfaces. You may be able to reduce them by "
                             "adding Output:Diagnostics,DoNotMirrorDetachedShading;");
             }
@@ -10608,10 +10612,10 @@ namespace SolarShading {
                 TotCount += Count;
                 TotalWarningErrors += Count - 1;
                 ShowMessage(state, "");
-                ShowWarningError(state, "Too many vertices [>=" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCV) + "] in a shadow overlap");
+                ShowWarningError(state, format("Too many vertices [>={}] in a shadow overlap", state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCV));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Overlapping figure=" + Surface(state.dataSolarShading->TrackTooManyVertices(Loop1).SurfIndex1).Name + ", Surface Class=[" +
                                   cSurfaceClass(Surface(state.dataSolarShading->TrackTooManyVertices(Loop1).SurfIndex1).Class) + ']');
-                ShowContinueError(state, "  This error occurred " + std::to_string(Count) + " times.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("  This error occurred {} times.", Count));
                 for (Loop2 = 1; Loop2 <= state.dataSolarShading->NumTooManyVertices; ++Loop2) {
                     if (state.dataSolarShading->TrackTooManyVertices(Loop1).SurfIndex1 == state.dataSolarShading->TrackTooManyVertices(Loop2).SurfIndex1) {
                         if (SurfErrorReported2(state.dataSolarShading->TrackTooManyVertices(Loop2).SurfIndex2)) continue;
@@ -10624,14 +10628,14 @@ namespace SolarShading {
             }
             if (TotCount > 0) {
                 ShowMessage(state, "");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "  The too many vertices errors occurred " + std::to_string(TotCount) + " times (total).");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("  The too many vertices errors occurred {} times (total).", TotCount));
                 ShowMessage(state, "");
             }
 
             SurfErrorReported = false;
             TotCount = 0;
             if (state.dataSolarShading->NumTooManyFigures > 0) {
-                ShowMessage(state, "Too many figures [>=" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS) + "] in shadow overlap errors occurring...");
+                ShowMessage(state, format("Too many figures [>={}] in shadow overlap errors occurring...", state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS));
                 ShowMessage(state, "These occur throughout the year and may occur several times for the same surfaces. You may be able to reduce them by "
                             "adding OutputDiagnostics,DoNotMirrorDetachedShading;");
             }
@@ -10647,10 +10651,10 @@ namespace SolarShading {
                 TotCount += Count;
                 TotalWarningErrors += Count - 1;
                 ShowMessage(state, "");
-                ShowWarningError(state, "Too many figures [>=" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS) + "] in a shadow overlap");
+                ShowWarningError(state, format("Too many figures [>={}] in a shadow overlap", state.dataSolarShading->MaxHCS));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Overlapping figure=" + Surface(state.dataSolarShading->TrackTooManyFigures(Loop1).SurfIndex1).Name + ", Surface Class=[" +
                                   cSurfaceClass(Surface(state.dataSolarShading->TrackTooManyFigures(Loop1).SurfIndex1).Class) + ']');
-                ShowContinueError(state, "  This error occurred " + std::to_string(Count) + " times.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("  This error occurred {} times.", Count));
                 for (Loop2 = 1; Loop2 <= state.dataSolarShading->NumTooManyFigures; ++Loop2) {
                     if (state.dataSolarShading->TrackTooManyFigures(Loop1).SurfIndex1 == state.dataSolarShading->TrackTooManyFigures(Loop2).SurfIndex1) {
                         if (SurfErrorReported2(state.dataSolarShading->TrackTooManyFigures(Loop2).SurfIndex2)) continue;
@@ -10663,7 +10667,7 @@ namespace SolarShading {
             }
             if (TotCount > 0) {
                 ShowMessage(state, "");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "  The too many figures errors occurred " + std::to_string(TotCount) + " times (total).");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("  The too many figures errors occurred {} times (total).", TotCount));
                 ShowMessage(state, "");
             }
             SurfErrorReported.deallocate();
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SplitterComponent.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SplitterComponent.cc
index dc76d991d86..f5018604d1b 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SplitterComponent.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SplitterComponent.cc
@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataContaminantBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Psychrometrics.hh>
@@ -92,9 +91,6 @@ namespace SplitterComponent {
         // It is called from the SimAirLoopComponent
         // at the system time step.
 
-        // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int SplitterNum; // The Splitter that you are currently loading input for
 
@@ -113,13 +109,19 @@ namespace SplitterComponent {
         } else {
             SplitterNum = CompIndex;
             if (SplitterNum > state.dataSplitterComponent->NumSplitters || SplitterNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimAirLoopSplitter: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(SplitterNum) +
-                               ", Number of Splitters=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSplitterComponent->NumSplitters) + ", Splitter name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimAirLoopSplitter: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Splitters={}, Splitter name={}",
+                                      SplitterNum,
+                                      state.dataSplitterComponent->NumSplitters,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataSplitterComponent->CheckEquipName(SplitterNum)) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataSplitterComponent->SplitterCond(SplitterNum).SplitterName) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimAirLoopSplitter: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(SplitterNum) + ", Splitter name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Splitter Name for that index=" + state.dataSplitterComponent->SplitterCond(SplitterNum).SplitterName);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimAirLoopSplitter: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Splitter name={}, stored Splitter Name for that index={}",
+                                          SplitterNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          state.dataSplitterComponent->SplitterCond(SplitterNum).SplitterName));
                 }
                 state.dataSplitterComponent->CheckEquipName(SplitterNum) = false;
             }
@@ -159,7 +161,6 @@ namespace SplitterComponent {
         // Uses the status flags to trigger events.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -260,7 +261,7 @@ namespace SplitterComponent {
                 ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataSplitterComponent->SplitterCond(SplitterNum).SplitterName +
                                 " specifies an outlet node name the same as the inlet node.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, ".." + cAlphaFields(2) + '=' + NodeID(NodeNum));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..Outlet Node #" + TrimSigDigits(OutNodeNum1) + " is duplicate.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("..Outlet Node #{} is duplicate.", OutNodeNum1));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             for (OutNodeNum1 = 1; OutNodeNum1 <= state.dataSplitterComponent->SplitterCond(SplitterNum).NumOutletNodes; ++OutNodeNum1) {
@@ -268,8 +269,8 @@ namespace SplitterComponent {
                     if (state.dataSplitterComponent->SplitterCond(SplitterNum).OutletNode(OutNodeNum1) != state.dataSplitterComponent->SplitterCond(SplitterNum).OutletNode(OutNodeNum2)) continue;
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataSplitterComponent->SplitterCond(SplitterNum).SplitterName +
                                     " specifies duplicate outlet nodes in its outlet node list.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Outlet Node #" + TrimSigDigits(OutNodeNum1) + " Name=" + NodeID(OutNodeNum1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..Outlet Node #" + TrimSigDigits(OutNodeNum2) + " is duplicate.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..Outlet Node #{} Name={}", OutNodeNum1, NodeID(OutNodeNum1)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("..Outlet Node #{} is duplicate.", OutNodeNum2));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/StandardRatings.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/StandardRatings.cc
index 009523ac881..1d3b3f52b47 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/StandardRatings.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/StandardRatings.cc
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ namespace StandardRatings {
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_Chiller_ElectricReformEIR;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
 
         // Locals
@@ -462,21 +462,22 @@ namespace StandardRatings {
                     }
                 }
                 if (RefCap <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Check the chiller autosized or user specified capacity. Autosized or specified chiller capacity = " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(RefCap, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format(" Check the chiller autosized or user specified capacity. Autosized or specified chiller capacity = {:.2R}", RefCap));
                 }
                 if (RefCOP <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Check the chiller reference or rated COP specified. Specified COP = " + RoundSigDigits(RefCOP, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Check the chiller reference or rated COP specified. Specified COP = {:.2R}", RefCOP));
                 }
                 if (ChillerCapFT <= 0.0) {
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Check limits in Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve, Curve Type = " +
                                       state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(CapFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType + ", Curve Name = " + GetCurveName(state, CapFTempCurveIndex) + '.');
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " ..ChillerCapFT value at standard test condition = " + RoundSigDigits(ChillerCapFT, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" ..ChillerCapFT value at standard test condition = {:.2R}", ChillerCapFT));
                 }
                 if (ChillerEIRFT <= 0.0) {
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Check limits in EIR Function of Temperature Curve, Curve Type = " + state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(EIRFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType +
                                       ", Curve Name = " + GetCurveName(state, EIRFTempCurveIndex) + '.');
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " ..ChillerEIRFT value at standard test condition = " + RoundSigDigits(ChillerEIRFT, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" ..ChillerEIRFT value at standard test condition = {:.2R}", ChillerEIRFT));
                 }
                 IPLV = 0.0;
                 break;
@@ -600,7 +601,6 @@ namespace StandardRatings {
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_Chiller_ElectricEIR;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_Chiller_ElectricReformEIR;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         static bool MyOneTimeFlag(true);
@@ -880,7 +880,6 @@ namespace StandardRatings {
         using DataHVACGlobals::CoilDX_HeatingEmpirical;
         using DataHVACGlobals::CoilDX_MultiSpeedCooling;
         using DataHVACGlobals::CoilDX_MultiSpeedHeating;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Argument array dimensioning
         RatedTotalCapacity.dim(ns);
@@ -1182,7 +1181,6 @@ namespace StandardRatings {
         using CurveManager::CurveValue;
         using CurveManager::GetCurveMinMaxValues;
         using CurveManager::GetCurveName;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1308,37 +1306,58 @@ namespace StandardRatings {
         if (TotCapTempModFacRated < 0.0 || CapTempModFacH2Test < 0.0 || CapTempModFacH3Test < 0.0 || EIRTempModFacRated < 0.0 ||
             EIRTempModFacH2Test < 0.0 || EIRTempModFacH3Test < 0.0) {
             if (TotCapTempModFacRated < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, " Invalid Total Heating Capacity Function of Temperature Curve value = " + RoundSigDigits(TotCapTempModFacRated, 2) +
-                                ", Curve Type = " + state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(CapFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType + ", Curve Name = " + GetCurveName(state, CapFTempCurveIndex));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state,
+                    format(" Invalid Total Heating Capacity Function of Temperature Curve value = {:.2R}, Curve Type = {}, Curve Name = {}",
+                           TotCapTempModFacRated,
+                           state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(CapFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType,
+                           GetCurveName(state, CapFTempCurveIndex)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " ...Net heating capacity at high temperature is set to zero. The curve value must be > 0. Check the curve.");
                 NetHeatingCapRated = 0.0;
             }
             if (CapTempModFacH3Test < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, " Invalid Total Heating Capacity Function of Temperature Curve value = " + RoundSigDigits(CapTempModFacH3Test, 2) +
-                                ", Curve Type = " + state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(CapFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType + ", Curve Name = " + GetCurveName(state, CapFTempCurveIndex));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state,
+                    format(" Invalid Total Heating Capacity Function of Temperature Curve value = {:.2R}, Curve Type = {}, Curve Name = {}",
+                           CapTempModFacH3Test,
+                           state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(CapFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType,
+                           GetCurveName(state, CapFTempCurveIndex)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " ...Net heating capacity at low temperature is set to zero. The curve value must be > 0. Check the curve.");
                 NetHeatingCapH3Test = 0.0;
             }
             if (CapTempModFacH2Test < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, " Invalid Total Heating Capacity Function of Temperature Curve value = " + RoundSigDigits(CapTempModFacH2Test, 2) +
-                                ", Curve Type = " + state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(CapFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType + ", Curve Name = " + GetCurveName(state, CapFTempCurveIndex));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state,
+                    format(" Invalid Total Heating Capacity Function of Temperature Curve value = {:.2R}, Curve Type = {}, Curve Name = {}",
+                           CapTempModFacH2Test,
+                           state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(CapFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType,
+                           GetCurveName(state, CapFTempCurveIndex)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " ...HSPF calculation is incorrect. The curve value must be > 0. Check the curve.");
                 NetHeatingCapH3Test = 0.0;
             }
             // check EIR curve values
             if (EIRTempModFacRated < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, " Invalid EIR Function of Temperature Curve value = " + RoundSigDigits(EIRTempModFacRated, 2) +
-                                ", Curve Type = " + state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(EIRFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType + ", Curve Name = " + GetCurveName(state, EIRFTempCurveIndex));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format(" Invalid EIR Function of Temperature Curve value = {:.2R}, Curve Type = {}, Curve Name = {}",
+                                       EIRTempModFacRated,
+                                       state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(EIRFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType,
+                                       GetCurveName(state, EIRFTempCurveIndex)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " ...HSPF calculation is incorrect. The curve value must be > 0. Check the curve.");
             }
             if (EIRTempModFacH2Test < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, " Invalid EIR Function of Temperature Curve value = " + RoundSigDigits(EIRTempModFacH2Test, 2) +
-                                ", Curve Type = " + state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(EIRFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType + ", Curve Name = " + GetCurveName(state, EIRFTempCurveIndex));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format(" Invalid EIR Function of Temperature Curve value = {:.2R}, Curve Type = {}, Curve Name = {}",
+                                       EIRTempModFacH2Test,
+                                       state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(EIRFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType,
+                                       GetCurveName(state, EIRFTempCurveIndex)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " ...HSPF calculation is incorrect. The curve value must be > 0. Check the curve.");
             }
             if (EIRTempModFacH3Test < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, " Invalid EIR Function of Temperature Curve value = " + RoundSigDigits(EIRTempModFacH3Test, 2) +
-                                ", Curve Type = " + state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(EIRFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType + ", Curve Name = " + GetCurveName(state, EIRFTempCurveIndex));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format(" Invalid EIR Function of Temperature Curve value = {:.2R}, Curve Type = {}, Curve Name = {}",
+                                       EIRTempModFacH3Test,
+                                       state.dataCurveManager->PerfCurve(EIRFTempCurveIndex).ObjectType,
+                                       GetCurveName(state, EIRFTempCurveIndex)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " ...HSPF calculation is incorrect. The curve value must be > 0. Check the curve.");
             }
             ShowContinueError(state, " ...HSPF value has been reset to 0.0 and simulation is continuing.");
@@ -2401,7 +2420,7 @@ namespace StandardRatings {
         // na
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
         using DataHVACGlobals::CoilDX_CoolingSingleSpeed;
         using DataHVACGlobals::CoilDX_HeatingEmpirical;
@@ -2525,7 +2544,7 @@ namespace StandardRatings {
         //                                 Room Unitary Air Conditioners
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
         using DataHVACGlobals::CoilDX_CoolingSingleSpeed;
 
@@ -2566,8 +2585,8 @@ namespace StandardRatings {
                 }
                 for (ClassNum = 1; ClassNum <= 4; ++ClassNum) {
                     Num = (ClassNum - 1) * 4;
-                    ClassName = "Class " + RoundSigDigits(ClassNum);
-                    CompNameNew = CompName + "(" + ClassName + ")";
+                    ClassName = format("Class {}", ClassNum);
+                    CompNameNew = fmt::format("{}({})", CompName, ClassName);
                     static constexpr auto Format_102(" DX Cooling Coil ASHRAE 127 Standard Ratings Information, {}, {}, {}, {:.1R}, {:.1R}, {:.1R}, "
                                                      "{:.1R}, {:.1R}, {:.1R}, {:.1R}, {:.1R}\n");
                     print(state.files.eio,
@@ -2584,10 +2603,10 @@ namespace StandardRatings {
                           NetCoolingCapRated(Num + 4),
                           TotElectricPowerRated(Num + 4));
                     PreDefTableEntry(pdchDXCoolCoilType, CompNameNew, CompType);
-                    // Note: If you call RoundSigDigits(NetCoolingCapRated(Num + 1), 1),
+                    // Note: If you call format("{:.1R}", NetCoolingCapRated(Num + 1)),
                     // Then it's not the OutputReportPredefined::PreDefTableEntry prototype with Real64 that is called.
                     // As a result, the entry isn't marked as being Real (origEntryIsReal) and unit conversion does not occur
-                    // Bad: PreDefTableEntry(pdchDXCoolCoilNetCapSIA, CompNameNew, RoundSigDigits(NetCoolingCapRated(Num + 1), 1));
+                    // Bad: PreDefTableEntry(pdchDXCoolCoilNetCapSIA, CompNameNew, format("{:.1R}", NetCoolingCapRated(Num + 1)));
                     PreDefTableEntry(pdchDXCoolCoilNetCapSIA, CompNameNew, NetCoolingCapRated(Num + 1), 1);
                     PreDefTableEntry(pdchDXCoolCoilNetCapSIB, CompNameNew, NetCoolingCapRated(Num + 2), 1);
                     PreDefTableEntry(pdchDXCoolCoilNetCapSIC, CompNameNew, NetCoolingCapRated(Num + 3), 1);
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SteamBaseboardRadiator.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SteamBaseboardRadiator.cc
index 26f24679e98..a7a7e0d4072 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SteamBaseboardRadiator.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SteamBaseboardRadiator.cc
@@ -55,8 +55,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/Autosizing/HeatingCapacitySizing.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataBranchAirLoopPlant.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHVACGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalFanSys.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalSurface.hh>
@@ -78,7 +76,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Plant/DataPlant.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/PlantUtilities.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/Psychrometrics.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/ScheduleManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/SteamBaseboardRadiator.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.hh>
@@ -120,10 +117,6 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
     using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
     using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipInputsFilled;
 
-    // Use statements for access to subroutines in other modules
-    using Psychrometrics::PsyCpAirFnW;
-    using Psychrometrics::PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW;
-
     static std::string const fluidNameSteam("STEAM");
 
     void SimSteamBaseboard(EnergyPlusData &state,
@@ -147,7 +140,7 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::CurDeadBandOrSetback;
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::ZoneSysEnergyDemand;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
 
@@ -173,13 +166,19 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
         } else {
             BaseboardNum = CompIndex;
             if (BaseboardNum > state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->NumSteamBaseboards || BaseboardNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimSteamBaseboard:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->NumSteamBaseboards) + ", Entered Unit name=" + EquipName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimSteamBaseboard:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      BaseboardNum,
+                                      state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->NumSteamBaseboards,
+                                      EquipName));
             }
             if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->CheckEquipName(BaseboardNum)) {
                 if (EquipName != state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimSteamBaseboard: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) + ", Unit name=" + EquipName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimSteamBaseboard: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          BaseboardNum,
+                                          EquipName,
+                                          state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID));
                 }
                 state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->CheckEquipName(BaseboardNum) = false;
             }
@@ -230,7 +229,9 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
                                           state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).BranchNum);
                     } else {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "SimSteamBaseboard: Errors in Baseboard=" + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid or unimplemented equipment type=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipType));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Invalid or unimplemented equipment type={}",
+                                                 state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipType));
                         ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding condition causes termination.");
                     }
                 }
@@ -280,8 +281,7 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
         using BranchNodeConnections::TestCompSet;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
         using FluidProperties::FindRefrigerant;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using GlobalNames::VerifyUniqueBaseboardName;
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
@@ -379,8 +379,10 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
                     state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum);
                     if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0 && state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity != AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + " = " + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatDesignCapacityNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -396,8 +398,10 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
                     if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + " = " + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Input for " + cAlphaFieldNames(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum) + " = " + cAlphaArgs(iHeatCAPMAlphaNum));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatCapacityPerFloorAreaNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity == AutoSize) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + " = " + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
@@ -417,8 +421,10 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
                     state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity = rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum);
                     if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).ScaledHeatingCapacity < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + " = " + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal " + cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum) + " = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum), 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Illegal {} = {:.7T}",
+                                                 cNumericFieldNames(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum),
+                                                 rNumericArgs(iHeatFracOfAutosizedCapacityNumericNum)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
@@ -440,13 +446,13 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
             if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).SteamVolFlowRateMax >= MaxSteamFlowRate) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(5) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxSteamFlowRate, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.2R}].", MaxSteamFlowRate));
                 state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).SteamVolFlowRateMax = MaxSteamFlowRate;
             } else if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).SteamVolFlowRateMax <= MinSteamFlowRate &&
                        state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).SteamVolFlowRateMax != AutoSize) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
                                  " was less than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinSteamFlowRate, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.2R}].", MinSteamFlowRate));
                 state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).SteamVolFlowRateMax = MinSteamFlowRate;
             }
 
@@ -463,12 +469,12 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
             if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant < MinFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
                                  " was lower than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFraction, 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.3R}].", MinFraction));
                 state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant = MinFraction;
             } else if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant > MaxFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.3R}].", MaxFraction));
                 state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant = MaxFraction;
             }
 
@@ -487,13 +493,13 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
             if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribPerson < MinFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(8) +
                                  " was lower than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to minimum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFraction, 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to minimum value=[{:.3R}].", MinFraction));
                 state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribPerson = MinFraction;
             }
             if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribPerson > MaxFraction) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(8) +
                                  " was higher than the allowable maximum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.3R}].", MaxFraction));
                 state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribPerson = MaxFraction;
             }
             state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib = NumNumbers - 8;
@@ -507,7 +513,7 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
             if ((state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib < MinDistribSurfaces) && (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracRadiant > MinFraction)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 "\", the number of surface/radiant fraction groups entered was less than the allowable minimum.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...the minimum that must be entered=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinDistribSurfaces) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...the minimum that must be entered=[{}].", MinDistribSurfaces));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib = 0;
             }
@@ -548,13 +554,13 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
                 if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribToSurf(SurfNum) > MaxFraction) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(SurfNum + 8) +
                                      "was greater than the allowable maximum.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MaxFraction, 1) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.1R}].", MaxFraction));
                     state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib = MaxFraction;
                 }
                 if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).FracDistribToSurf(SurfNum) < MinFraction) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(SurfNum + 8) +
                                      "was less than the allowable minimum.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...reset to maximum value=[" + RoundSigDigits(MinFraction, 1) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...reset to maximum value=[{:.1R}].", MinFraction));
                     state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).TotSurfToDistrib = MinFraction;
                 }
                 if (state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).SurfacePtr(SurfNum) != 0) {
@@ -879,7 +885,6 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
         //  USE BranchInputManager,  ONLY: MyPlantSizingIndex
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HeatingCapacitySizing;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -1023,10 +1028,10 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeSteamBaseboard: Potential issue with equipment sizing for "
                                                 "ZoneHVAC:Baseboard:RadiantConvective:Steam=\"" +
                                                 state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Steam Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(SteamVolFlowRateMaxUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Steam Flow Rate of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(SteamVolFlowRateMaxDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Maximum Steam Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", SteamVolFlowRateMaxUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Steam Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", SteamVolFlowRateMaxDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1278,7 +1283,6 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::QSteamBaseboardSurf;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::QSteamBaseboardToPerson;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         Real64 const SmallestArea(0.001); // Smallest area in meters squared (to avoid a divide by zero)
 
@@ -1306,16 +1310,16 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
                     if (ThisSurfIntensity > MaxRadHeatFlux) { // CR 8074, trap for excessive intensity (throws off surface balance )
                         ShowSevereError(state, "DistributeBBSteamRadGains:  excessive thermal radiation heat flux intensity detected");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Surface = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Surface area = " + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 3) + " [m2]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface area = {:.3R} [m2]", Surface(SurfNum).Area));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + " = " + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Radiation intensity = " + RoundSigDigits(ThisSurfIntensity, 2) + " [W/m2]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Radiation intensity = {:.2R} [W/m2]", ThisSurfIntensity));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Assign a larger surface area or more surfaces in " + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam);
                         ShowFatalError(state, "DistributeBBSteamRadGains:  excessive thermal radiation heat flux intensity detected");
                     }
                 } else { // small surface
                     ShowSevereError(state, "DistributeBBSteamRadGains:  surface not large enough to receive thermal radiation heat flux");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Surface = " + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Surface area = " + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 3) + " [m2]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface area = {:.3R} [m2]", Surface(SurfNum).Area));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam + " = " + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Assign a larger surface area or more surfaces in " + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->cCMO_BBRadiator_Steam);
                     ShowFatalError(state, "DistributeBBSteamRadGains:  surface not large enough to receive thermal radiation heat flux");
@@ -1443,7 +1447,7 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
         using DataPlant::CriteriaType_MassFlowRate;
         using DataPlant::CriteriaType_Temperature;
         using DataPlant::TypeOf_Baseboard_Rad_Conv_Steam;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::PullCompInterconnectTrigger;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -1460,19 +1464,29 @@ namespace SteamBaseboardRadiator {
         } else {
             BaseboardNum = CompIndex;
             if (BaseboardNum > state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->NumSteamBaseboards || BaseboardNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateSteamBaseboardPlantConnection:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) +
-                               ", Number of baseboards=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->NumSteamBaseboards) + ", Entered baseboard name=" + BaseboardName);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format("UpdateSteamBaseboardPlantConnection:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of baseboards={}, Entered baseboard name={}",
+                           BaseboardNum,
+                           state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->NumSteamBaseboards,
+                           BaseboardName));
             }
             if (state.dataGlobal->KickOffSimulation) {
                 if (BaseboardName != state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateSteamBaseboardPlantConnection: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) +
-                                   ", baseboard name=" + BaseboardName +
-                                   ", stored baseboard Name for that index=" + state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("UpdateSteamBaseboardPlantConnection: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, baseboard name={}, stored baseboard "
+                                          "Name for that index={}",
+                                          BaseboardNum,
+                                          BaseboardName,
+                                          state.dataSteamBaseboardRadiator->SteamBaseboard(BaseboardNum).EquipID));
                 }
                 if (BaseboardTypeNum != TypeOf_Baseboard_Rad_Conv_Steam) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateSteamBaseboardPlantConnection: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(BaseboardNum) +
-                                   ", baseboard name=" + BaseboardName +
-                                   ", stored baseboard Name for that index=" + ccSimPlantEquipTypes(BaseboardTypeNum));
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("UpdateSteamBaseboardPlantConnection: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, baseboard name={}, stored baseboard "
+                                          "Name for that index={}",
+                                          BaseboardNum,
+                                          BaseboardName,
+                                          ccSimPlantEquipTypes(BaseboardTypeNum)));
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SteamCoils.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SteamCoils.cc
index cd1a3130f29..97d81b80ec9 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SteamCoils.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SteamCoils.cc
@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/Fans.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/FaultsManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GeneralRoutines.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GlobalNames.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HVACFan.hh>
@@ -129,9 +128,6 @@ namespace SteamCoils {
         // PURPOSE OF THIS SUBROUTINE:
         // This subroutine manages SteamCoil component simulation.
 
-        // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         Real64 QCoilActualTemp; // coil load actually delivered returned to calling component
         int CoilNum;            // The SteamCoil that you are currently loading input into
@@ -155,13 +151,20 @@ namespace SteamCoils {
         } else {
             CoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (CoilNum > state.dataSteamCoils->NumSteamCoils || CoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateSteamCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of Steam Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSteamCoils->NumSteamCoils) + ", Coil name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimulateSteamCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Steam Coils={}, Coil name={}",
+                                      CoilNum,
+                                      state.dataSteamCoils->NumSteamCoils,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataSteamCoils->CheckEquipName(CoilNum)) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataSteamCoils->SteamCoil(CoilNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateSteamCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) + ", Coil name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + state.dataSteamCoils->SteamCoil(CoilNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SimulateSteamCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                               CoilNum,
+                               CompName,
+                               state.dataSteamCoils->SteamCoil(CoilNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataSteamCoils->CheckEquipName(CoilNum) = false;
             }
@@ -1534,9 +1537,6 @@ namespace SteamCoils {
         // PURPOSE OF THIS SUBROUTINE:
         // Gets the correct schedule value for this coil
 
-        // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int CoilNum;
 
@@ -1557,12 +1557,18 @@ namespace SteamCoils {
         } else {
             CoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (CoilNum > state.dataSteamCoils->NumSteamCoils || CoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateSteamCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of Steam Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSteamCoils->NumSteamCoils) + ", Coil name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimulateSteamCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Steam Coils={}, Coil name={}",
+                                      CoilNum,
+                                      state.dataSteamCoils->NumSteamCoils,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CompName != state.dataSteamCoils->SteamCoil(CoilNum).Name) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateSteamCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) + ", Coil name=" + CompName +
-                               ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + state.dataSteamCoils->SteamCoil(CoilNum).Name);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimulateSteamCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                                      CoilNum,
+                                      CompName,
+                                      state.dataSteamCoils->SteamCoil(CoilNum).Name));
             }
             Value = GetCurrentScheduleValue(state, state.dataSteamCoils->SteamCoil(CoilNum).SchedPtr); // not scheduled?
         }
@@ -2166,17 +2172,16 @@ namespace SteamCoils {
         // PURPOSE OF THIS FUNCTION:
         // This function sets data to water Heating Coil using the coil index and arguments passed
 
-        // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         if (state.dataSteamCoils->GetSteamCoilsInputFlag) {
             GetSteamCoilInput(state);
             state.dataSteamCoils->GetSteamCoilsInputFlag = false;
         }
 
         if (CoilNum <= 0 || CoilNum > state.dataSteamCoils->NumSteamCoils) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "SetHeatingCoilData: called with heating coil Number out of range=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) + " should be >0 and <" +
-                            TrimSigDigits(state.dataSteamCoils->NumSteamCoils));
+            ShowSevereError(state,
+                            format("SetHeatingCoilData: called with heating coil Number out of range={} should be >0 and <{}",
+                                   CoilNum,
+                                   state.dataSteamCoils->NumSteamCoils));
             ErrorsFound = true;
             return;
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SurfaceGeometry.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SurfaceGeometry.cc
index e5775c089c1..e760f803268 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SurfaceGeometry.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SurfaceGeometry.cc
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         using namespace DataVectorTypes;
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using namespace DataReportingFlags;
 
 
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             if (Surface(SurfNum).Construction > 0 && Surface(SurfNum).Construction <= TotConstructs) {
                 NominalUwithConvCoeffs = ComputeNominalUwithConvCoeffs(SurfNum, isWithConvCoefValid);
                 if (isWithConvCoefValid) {
-                    cNominalUwithConvCoeffs = RoundSigDigits(NominalUwithConvCoeffs, 3);
+                    cNominalUwithConvCoeffs = format("{:.3R}", NominalUwithConvCoeffs);
                 } else {
                     cNominalUwithConvCoeffs = "[invalid]";
                 }
@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     // SurfaceClass::Window also covers glass doors and TDD:Diffusers
                     cNominalU = "N/A";
                 } else {
-                    cNominalU = RoundSigDigits(NominalU(Surface(SurfNum).Construction), 3);
+                    cNominalU = format("{:.3R}", NominalU(Surface(SurfNum).Construction));
                 }
             } else {
                 cNominalUwithConvCoeffs = "**";
@@ -918,8 +918,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         //  Surface%Vertex(1:<number-of-sides>)
 
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using namespace Vectors;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMaxValue;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMinValue;
@@ -1355,7 +1354,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             //  A shading surface
 
             ++MovedSurfs;
-            // Store list of moved surface numbers in reporting order 
+            // Store list of moved surface numbers in reporting order
             Surface(MovedSurfs) = state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum);
             SurfaceTmpClassMoved(SurfNum) = true; //'Moved'
             DataSurfaces::AllSurfaceListReportOrder.push_back(MovedSurfs);
@@ -1582,9 +1581,9 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                                      " does not have the same materials in the reverse order as the construction " +
                                                      state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNumFound).Name + " of adjacent surface " + Surface(Found).Name);
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "or the properties of the reversed layers are not correct due to differing layer front and back side values");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...but Nominal U values are similar, diff=[" +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(std::abs(NominalU(ConstrNum) - NominalU(ConstrNumFound)), 4) +
-                                                      "] ... simulation proceeds.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("...but Nominal U values are similar, diff=[{:.4R}] ... simulation proceeds.",
+                                                             std::abs(NominalU(ConstrNum) - NominalU(ConstrNumFound))));
                                     if (!izConstDiffMsg) {
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "...if the two zones are expected to have significantly different temperatures, the proper "
                                                           "\"reverse\" construction should be created.");
@@ -1619,10 +1618,16 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                             "InterZone Surface Areas do not match as expected and might not satisfy conservation of energy:");
 
                                         if (MultFound == 1 && MultSurfNum == 1) {
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "  Area=" + TrimSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 1) +
-                                                              " in Surface=" + Surface(SurfNum).Name + ", Zone=" + Surface(SurfNum).ZoneName);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "  Area=" + TrimSigDigits(Surface(Found).Area, 1) +
-                                                              " in Surface=" + Surface(Found).Name + ", Zone=" + Surface(Found).ZoneName);
+                                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                              format("  Area={:.1T} in Surface={}, Zone={}",
+                                                                     Surface(SurfNum).Area,
+                                                                     Surface(SurfNum).Name,
+                                                                     Surface(SurfNum).ZoneName));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                              format("  Area={:.1T} in Surface={}, Zone={}",
+                                                                     Surface(Found).Area,
+                                                                     Surface(Found).Name,
+                                                                     Surface(Found).ZoneName));
                                         } else { // Show multiplier info
                                             ShowContinueError(state, format("  Area={:.1T}, Multipliers={}, Total Area={:.1T} in Surface={} Zone={}",
                                                                      Surface(SurfNum).Area,
@@ -1645,10 +1650,15 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                             // Tilt
                             if (std::abs(std::abs(Surface(Found).Tilt + Surface(SurfNum).Tilt) - 180.0) > 1.0) {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "InterZone Surface Tilts do not match as expected.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "  Tilt=" + TrimSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Tilt, 1) + " in Surface=" + Surface(SurfNum).Name +
-                                                  ", Zone=" + Surface(SurfNum).ZoneName);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "  Tilt=" + TrimSigDigits(Surface(Found).Tilt, 1) + " in Surface=" + Surface(Found).Name +
-                                                  ", Zone=" + Surface(Found).ZoneName);
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("  Tilt={:.1T} in Surface={}, Zone={}",
+                                                         Surface(SurfNum).Tilt,
+                                                         Surface(SurfNum).Name,
+                                                         Surface(SurfNum).ZoneName));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format(
+                                        "  Tilt={:.1T} in Surface={}, Zone={}", Surface(Found).Tilt, Surface(Found).Name, Surface(Found).ZoneName));
                             }
                             // check surface class match.  interzone surface.
 
@@ -1683,12 +1693,18 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                     if (std::abs(Surface(SurfNum).SinTilt) > 0.5 || state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                                         // if horizontal surfaces, then these are windows/doors/etc in those items.
                                         ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "InterZone Surface Azimuths do not match as expected.");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "  Azimuth=" + TrimSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Azimuth, 1) +
-                                                          ", Tilt=" + TrimSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Tilt, 1) +
-                                                          ", in Surface=" + Surface(SurfNum).Name + ", Zone=" + Surface(SurfNum).ZoneName);
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "  Azimuth=" + TrimSigDigits(Surface(Found).Azimuth, 1) +
-                                                          ", Tilt=" + TrimSigDigits(Surface(Found).Tilt, 1) + ", in Surface=" + Surface(Found).Name +
-                                                          ", Zone=" + Surface(Found).ZoneName);
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("  Azimuth={:.1T}, Tilt={:.1T}, in Surface={}, Zone={}",
+                                                                 Surface(SurfNum).Azimuth,
+                                                                 Surface(SurfNum).Tilt,
+                                                                 Surface(SurfNum).Name,
+                                                                 Surface(SurfNum).ZoneName));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("  Azimuth={:.1T}, Tilt={:.1T}, in Surface={}, Zone={}",
+                                                                 Surface(Found).Azimuth,
+                                                                 Surface(Found).Tilt,
+                                                                 Surface(Found).Name,
+                                                                 Surface(Found).ZoneName));
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "..surface class of first surface=" + cSurfaceClass(Surface(SurfNum).Class));
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "..surface class of second surface=" + cSurfaceClass(Surface(Found).Class));
                                     }
@@ -1932,9 +1948,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                     // Warn user of using specified Zone Floor Area
                                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Entered Floor Area entered for Zone=\"" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name +
                                                      "\" significantly different from calculated Floor Area");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Entered Zone Floor Area value=" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZoneNum).UserEnteredFloorArea, 2) +
-                                                      ", Calculated Zone Floor Area value=" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZoneNum).CalcFloorArea, 2) +
-                                                      ", entered Floor Area will be used in calculations.");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Entered Zone Floor Area value={:.2R}, Calculated Zone Floor Area value={:.2R}, entered "
+                                                             "Floor Area will be used in calculations.",
+                                                             Zone(ZoneNum).UserEnteredFloorArea,
+                                                             Zone(ZoneNum).CalcFloorArea));
                                 }
                             }
                         }
@@ -1949,13 +1967,13 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         for (int SurfNum = 1; SurfNum <= MovedSurfs; ++SurfNum) { // TotSurfaces
             if (Surface(SurfNum).Area < 1.e-06) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Zero or negative surface area[" + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 5) +
-                                "], Surface=" + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, format("{}Zero or negative surface area[{:.5R}], Surface={}", RoutineName, Surface(SurfNum).Area, Surface(SurfNum).Name));
                 SurfError = true;
             }
             if (Surface(SurfNum).Area >= 1.e-06 && Surface(SurfNum).Area < 0.001) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Very small surface area[" + RoundSigDigits(Surface(SurfNum).Area, 5) +
-                                 "], Surface=" + Surface(SurfNum).Name);
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}Very small surface area[{:.5R}], Surface={}", RoutineName, Surface(SurfNum).Area, Surface(SurfNum).Name));
             }
         }
 
@@ -2145,8 +2163,9 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 }
             }
             if (iTmp1 > 0) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Surfaces use InfraredTransparent constructions " + TrimSigDigits(iTmp1) +
-                                 " in non-interzone surfaces. (illegal use)");
+                ShowWarningError(
+                    state,
+                    format("{}Surfaces use InfraredTransparent constructions {} in non-interzone surfaces. (illegal use)", RoutineName, iTmp1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "For explicit details on each use, use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings;");
             }
         }
@@ -2154,41 +2173,53 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         // Note, could do same for Window Area and detecting if Interzone Surface in Zone
 
         if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->Warning1Count > 0) {
-            ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Window dimensions differ from Window 5/6 data file dimensions, " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->Warning1Count) +
-                               " times.");
+            ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                               format("{}Window dimensions differ from Window 5/6 data file dimensions, {} times.",
+                                      RoutineName,
+                                      state.dataSurfaceGeometry->Warning1Count));
             ShowContinueError(state, "This will affect the frame heat transfer calculation if the frame in the Data File entry");
             ShowContinueError(state, "is not uniform, i.e., has sections with different geometry and/or thermal properties.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "For explicit details on each window, use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings;");
         }
         if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->Warning2Count > 0) {
-            ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Exterior Windows have been replaced with Window 5/6 two glazing systems, " +
-                               TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->Warning2Count) + " times.");
+            ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                               format("{}Exterior Windows have been replaced with Window 5/6 two glazing systems, {} times.",
+                                      RoutineName,
+                                      state.dataSurfaceGeometry->Warning2Count));
             ShowContinueError(state, "Note that originally entered dimensions are overridden.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "For explicit details on each window, use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings;");
         }
         if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->Warning3Count > 0) {
-            ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Interior Windows have been replaced with Window 5/6 two glazing systems, " +
-                               TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->Warning3Count) + " times.");
+            ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                               format("{}Interior Windows have been replaced with Window 5/6 two glazing systems, {} times.",
+                                      RoutineName,
+                                      state.dataSurfaceGeometry->Warning3Count));
             ShowContinueError(state, "Note that originally entered dimensions are overridden.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "For explicit details on each window, use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings;");
         }
 
         if (TotalMultipliedWindows > 0) {
-            ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "There are " + TrimSigDigits(TotalMultipliedWindows) +
-                               " window/glass door(s) that may cause inaccurate shadowing due to Solar Distribution.");
+            ShowWarningMessage(state,
+                               format("{}There are {} window/glass door(s) that may cause inaccurate shadowing due to Solar Distribution.",
+                                      RoutineName,
+                                      TotalMultipliedWindows));
             ShowContinueError(state, "For explicit details on each window, use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings;");
             TotalWarningErrors += TotalMultipliedWindows;
         }
         if (TotalCoincidentVertices > 0) {
             ShowWarningMessage(state,
-                RoutineName + "There are " + TrimSigDigits(TotalCoincidentVertices) +
-                " coincident/collinear vertices; These have been deleted unless the deletion would bring the number of surface sides < 3.");
+                               format("{}There are {} coincident/collinear vertices; These have been deleted unless the deletion would bring the "
+                                      "number of surface sides < 3.",
+                                      RoutineName,
+                                      TotalCoincidentVertices));
             ShowContinueError(state, "For explicit details on each problem surface, use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings;");
             TotalWarningErrors += TotalCoincidentVertices;
         }
         if (TotalDegenerateSurfaces > 0) {
-            ShowSevereMessage(state, RoutineName + "There are " + TrimSigDigits(TotalDegenerateSurfaces) +
-                              " degenerate surfaces; Degenerate surfaces are those with number of sides < 3.");
+            ShowSevereMessage(state,
+                              format("{}There are {} degenerate surfaces; Degenerate surfaces are those with number of sides < 3.",
+                                     RoutineName,
+                                     TotalDegenerateSurfaces));
             ShowContinueError(state, "These surfaces should be deleted.");
             ShowContinueError(state, "For explicit details on each problem surface, use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings;");
             TotalSevereErrors += TotalDegenerateSurfaces;
@@ -2257,27 +2288,34 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             if (((std::abs(baseSurface.Azimuth - subSurface.Azimuth) > errorTolerance) && !baseSurfHoriz) ||
                 (std::abs(baseSurface.Tilt - subSurface.Tilt) > errorTolerance)) {
                 surfaceError = true;
-                ShowSevereError(state, "checkSubSurfAzTiltNorm: Outward facing angle of subsurface differs more than " +
-                                General::RoundSigDigits(errorTolerance, 1) + " degrees from base surface.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Subsurface=\"" + subSurface.Name + "\" Tilt = " + General::RoundSigDigits(subSurface.Tilt, 1) +
-                                  "  Azimuth = " + General::RoundSigDigits(subSurface.Azimuth, 1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Base surface=\"" + baseSurface.Name + "\" Tilt = " + General::RoundSigDigits(baseSurface.Tilt, 1) +
-                                  "  Azimuth = " + General::RoundSigDigits(baseSurface.Azimuth, 1));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state,
+                    format("checkSubSurfAzTiltNorm: Outward facing angle of subsurface differs more than {:.1R} degrees from base surface.",
+                           errorTolerance));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Subsurface=\"{}\" Tilt = {:.1R}  Azimuth = {:.1R}", subSurface.Name, subSurface.Tilt, subSurface.Azimuth));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state, format("Base surface=\"{}\" Tilt = {:.1R}  Azimuth = {:.1R}", baseSurface.Name, baseSurface.Tilt, baseSurface.Azimuth));
             } else if (((std::abs(baseSurface.Azimuth - subSurface.Azimuth) > warningTolerance) && !baseSurfHoriz) ||
                        (std::abs(baseSurface.Tilt - subSurface.Tilt) > warningTolerance)) {
                 ++state.dataSurfaceGeometry->checkSubSurfAzTiltNormErrCount;
                 if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->checkSubSurfAzTiltNormErrCount == 1 && !state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "checkSubSurfAzTiltNorm: Some Outward Facing angles of subsurfaces differ more than " +
-                                     General::RoundSigDigits(warningTolerance, 1) + " degrees from base surface.");
+                    ShowWarningError(
+                        state,
+                        format("checkSubSurfAzTiltNorm: Some Outward Facing angles of subsurfaces differ more than {:.1R} degrees from base surface.",
+                               warningTolerance));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; to show more details on individual surfaces.");
                 }
                 if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "checkSubSurfAzTiltNorm: Outward facing angle of subsurface differs more than " +
-                                     General::RoundSigDigits(warningTolerance, 1) + " degrees from base surface.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Subsurface=\"" + subSurface.Name + "\" Tilt = " + General::RoundSigDigits(subSurface.Tilt, 1) +
-                                      "  Azimuth = " + General::RoundSigDigits(subSurface.Azimuth, 1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Base surface=\"" + baseSurface.Name + "\" Tilt = " + General::RoundSigDigits(baseSurface.Tilt, 1) +
-                                      "  Azimuth = " + General::RoundSigDigits(baseSurface.Azimuth, 1));
+                    ShowWarningError(
+                        state,
+                        format("checkSubSurfAzTiltNorm: Outward facing angle of subsurface differs more than {:.1R} degrees from base surface.",
+                               warningTolerance));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("Subsurface=\"{}\" Tilt = {:.1R}  Azimuth = {:.1R}", subSurface.Name, subSurface.Tilt, subSurface.Azimuth));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Base surface=\"{}\" Tilt = {:.1R}  Azimuth = {:.1R}", baseSurface.Name, baseSurface.Tilt, baseSurface.Azimuth));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -2597,7 +2635,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using namespace DataReportingFlags;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValueMinMax;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMaxValue;
@@ -2637,8 +2675,8 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
             inputProcessor->getObjectDefMaxArgs(state, cCurrentModuleObject, Loop, NumAlphas, NumNumbers);
             if (NumAlphas != 2) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject +
-                                ": Object Definition indicates not = 2 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated=" + TrimSigDigits(NumAlphas));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, format("{}: Object Definition indicates not = 2 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated={}", cCurrentModuleObject, NumAlphas));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2709,12 +2747,19 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     numSides = (NumNumbers - 1) / 3;
                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides = numSides;
                     if (mod(NumNumbers - 1, 3) != 0) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
-                                         " not even multiple of 3. Will read in " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", " +
+                                             format("{} not even multiple of 3. Will read in {}",
+                                                    cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                                    state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                     }
                     if (numSides < 3) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
-                                        " (autocalculate) must be >= 3. Only " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) + " provided.");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}=\"{}\", {} (autocalculate) must be >= 3. Only {} provided.",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                               cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                               state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                         continue;
                     }
@@ -2722,10 +2767,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     numSides = (NumNumbers - 1) / 3;
                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides = rNumericArgs(1);
                     if (numSides > state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", field " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...but " + TrimSigDigits(numSides) + " were entered. Only the indicated " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
-                                          " will be used.");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", field " +
+                                             cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' + fmt::to_string(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...but {} were entered. Only the indicated {} will be used.", numSides, cNumericFieldNames(1)));
                     }
                 }
                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex.allocate(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides);
@@ -2759,7 +2805,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using namespace DataReportingFlags;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static Array1D_string const cModuleObjects(2, {"Shading:Site", "Shading:Building"});
@@ -2792,8 +2837,8 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
             inputProcessor->getObjectDefMaxArgs(state, cCurrentModuleObject, Loop, NumAlphas, NumNumbers);
             if (NumAlphas != 1) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject +
-                                ": Object Definition indicates not = 1 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated=" + TrimSigDigits(NumAlphas));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, format("{}: Object Definition indicates not = 1 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated={}", cCurrentModuleObject, NumAlphas));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2837,8 +2882,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     state, SurfNum, rNumericArgs(3), rNumericArgs(4), rNumericArgs(5), rNumericArgs(6), rNumericArgs(7), state.dataSurfaceGeometry->RectSurfRefWorldCoordSystem);
 
                 if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
-                                    "\", Surface Area <= 0.0; Entered Area=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area, 2));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\", Surface Area <= 0.0; Entered Area={:.2T}",
+                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -2977,8 +3025,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static Array1D_string const cModuleObjects(4, {"BuildingSurface:Detailed", "Wall:Detailed", "Floor:Detailed", "RoofCeiling:Detailed"});
@@ -3022,14 +3068,16 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             inputProcessor->getObjectDefMaxArgs(state, cCurrentModuleObject, Loop, SurfaceNumAlpha, SurfaceNumProp);
             if (Item == 1) {
                 if (SurfaceNumAlpha != 8) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject +
-                                    ": Object Definition indicates not = 8 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated=" + TrimSigDigits(SurfaceNumAlpha));
+                    ShowSevereError(
+                        state,
+                        format("{}: Object Definition indicates not = 8 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated={}", cCurrentModuleObject, SurfaceNumAlpha));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             } else {
                 if (SurfaceNumAlpha != 7) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject +
-                                    ": Object Definition indicates not = 7 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated=" + TrimSigDigits(SurfaceNumAlpha));
+                    ShowSevereError(
+                        state,
+                        format("{}: Object Definition indicates not = 7 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated={}", cCurrentModuleObject, SurfaceNumAlpha));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3127,7 +3175,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                         if (!GroundTempObjInput) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "GetHTSurfaceData: Surfaces with interface to Ground found but no \"Ground Temperatures\" were input.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Found first in surface=" + cAlphaArgs(1));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Defaults, constant throughout the year of (" + RoundSigDigits(GroundTemp, 1) + ") will be used.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Defaults, constant throughout the year of ({:.1R}) will be used.", GroundTemp));
                         }
                         state.dataSurfaceGeometry->NoGroundTempObjWarning = false;
                     }
@@ -3315,12 +3363,19 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     numSides = (SurfaceNumProp - 2) / 3;
                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides = numSides;
                     if (mod(SurfaceNumProp - 2, 3) != 0) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
-                                         " not even multiple of 3. Will read in " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", " +
+                                             format("{} not even multiple of 3. Will read in {}",
+                                                    cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                                    state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                     }
                     if (numSides < 3) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
-                                        " (autocalculate) must be >= 3. Only " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) + " provided.");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}=\"{}\", {} (autocalculate) must be >= 3. Only {} provided.",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                               cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                               state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                         continue;
                     }
@@ -3328,27 +3383,34 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     numSides = (SurfaceNumProp - 2) / 3;
                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides = rNumericArgs(2);
                     if (numSides > state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", field " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' +
-                                         TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...but " + TrimSigDigits(numSides) + " were entered. Only the indicated " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
-                                          " will be used.");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", field " +
+                                             cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' + fmt::to_string(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("...but {} were entered. Only the indicated {} will be used.", numSides, cNumericFieldNames(2)));
                     }
                 }
                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex.allocate(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides);
                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).NewVertex.allocate(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides);
                 GetVertices(state, SurfNum, state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides, rNumericArgs({3, _}));
                 if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
-                                    "\", Surface Area <= 0.0; Entered Area=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area, 2));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\", Surface Area <= 0.0; Entered Area={:.2T}",
+                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
                 CheckConvexity(state, SurfNum, state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides);
                 if (UtilityRoutines::SameString(cAlphaArgs(5), "Surface")) {
                     if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides != static_cast<int>(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex.size())) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
-                                        "\", After CheckConvexity, mismatch between Sides (" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) +
-                                        ") and size of Vertex (" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex.size()) + ").");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}=\"{}\", After CheckConvexity, mismatch between Sides ({}) and size of Vertex ({}).",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                               state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides,
+                                               state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex.size()));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "CheckConvexity is used to verify the convexity of a surface and detect collinear points.");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
@@ -3358,8 +3420,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
                     if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class == SurfaceClass::Wall && state.dataConstruction->Construct(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Construction).TypeIsCfactorWall) {
                         if (std::abs(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Height - state.dataConstruction->Construct(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Construction).Height) > 0.05) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
-                                             "\", underground Wall Height = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Height, 2));
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{}=\"{}\", underground Wall Height = {:.2T}",
+                                                    cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                    state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                                    state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Height));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..which does not match its construction height.");
                         }
                     }
@@ -3367,13 +3432,19 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     // Check area and perimeter for the FFactor floors
                     if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class == SurfaceClass::Floor && state.dataConstruction->Construct(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Construction).TypeIsFfactorFloor) {
                         if (std::abs(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area - state.dataConstruction->Construct(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Construction).Area) > 0.1) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
-                                             "\", underground Floor Area = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area, 2));
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{}=\"{}\", underground Floor Area = {:.2T}",
+                                                    cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                    state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                                    state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..which does not match its construction area.");
                         }
                         if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Perimeter < state.dataConstruction->Construct(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Construction).PerimeterExposed - 0.1) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
-                                             "\", underground Floor Perimeter = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Perimeter, 2));
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("{}=\"{}\", underground Floor Perimeter = {:.2T}",
+                                                    cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                    state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                                    state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Perimeter));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..which is less than its construction exposed perimeter.");
                         }
                     }
@@ -3391,11 +3462,16 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                     "\" references an outside boundary surface that cannot be found:" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(i).ExtBoundCondName);
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     // If vertex size mistmatch
-                } else if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(i).Vertex.size() != state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(ExtSurfNum).Vertex.size()) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(i).Name + "\", Vertex size mismatch between base surface :" +
-                                    state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(i).Name + " and outside boundary surface: " + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(ExtSurfNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The vertex sizes are " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(i).Vertex.size()) + " for base surface and " +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(ExtSurfNum).Vertex.size()) + " for outside boundary surface. Please check inputs.");
+                } else if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(i).Vertex.size() !=
+                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(ExtSurfNum).Vertex.size()) {
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(i).Name +
+                                        "\", Vertex size mismatch between base surface :" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(i).Name +
+                                        " and outside boundary surface: " + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(ExtSurfNum).Name);
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("The vertex sizes are {} for base surface and {} for outside boundary surface. Please check inputs.",
+                                             state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(i).Vertex.size(),
+                                             state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(ExtSurfNum).Vertex.size()));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3431,8 +3507,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static Array1D_string const cModuleObjects(10,
@@ -3545,8 +3619,8 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 }
 
                 if (NumNumbers < 7) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", Too few number of numeric args=[" +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(NumNumbers) + "].");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\", Too few number of numeric args=[{}].", cCurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), NumNumbers));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -3636,7 +3710,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                         if (!GroundTempObjInput) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "GetRectSurfaces: Surfaces with interface to Ground found but no \"Ground Temperatures\" were input.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Found first in surface=" + cAlphaArgs(1));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Defaults, constant throughout the year of (" + RoundSigDigits(GroundTemp, 1) + ") will be used.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Defaults, constant throughout the year of ({:.1R}) will be used.", GroundTemp));
                         }
                         state.dataSurfaceGeometry->NoGroundTempObjWarning = false;
                     }
@@ -3674,31 +3748,44 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     state, SurfNum, rNumericArgs(3), rNumericArgs(4), rNumericArgs(5), rNumericArgs(6), rNumericArgs(7), state.dataSurfaceGeometry->RectSurfRefWorldCoordSystem);
 
                 if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
-                                    "\", Surface Area <= 0.0; Entered Area=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area, 2));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\", Surface Area <= 0.0; Entered Area={:.2T}",
+                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
                 // Check wall height for the CFactor walls
-
-                if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class == SurfaceClass::Wall && state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ExtBoundCond == GroundFCfactorMethod) {
+                if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class == SurfaceClass::Wall &&
+                    state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ExtBoundCond == GroundFCfactorMethod) {
                     if (std::abs(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Height - state.dataConstruction->Construct(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Construction).Height) > 0.05) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
-                                         "\", underground Wall Height = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Height, 2));
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{}=\"{}\", underground Wall Height = {:.2T}",
+                                                cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                                state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Height));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..which deos not match its construction height.");
                     }
                 }
 
                 // Check area and perimeter for the FFactor floors
-                if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class == SurfaceClass::Floor && state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ExtBoundCond == GroundFCfactorMethod) {
+                if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class == SurfaceClass::Floor &&
+                    state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ExtBoundCond == GroundFCfactorMethod) {
                     if (std::abs(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area - state.dataConstruction->Construct(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Construction).Area) > 0.1) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
-                                         "\", underground Floor Area = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area, 2));
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{}=\"{}\", underground Floor Area = {:.2T}",
+                                                cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                                state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..which does not match its construction area.");
                     }
                     if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Perimeter < state.dataConstruction->Construct(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Construction).PerimeterExposed - 0.1) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
-                                         "\", underground Floor Perimeter = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Perimeter, 2));
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{}=\"{}\", underground Floor Perimeter = {:.2T}",
+                                                cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                                state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Perimeter));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..which is less than its construction exposed perimeter.");
                     }
                 }
@@ -3987,8 +4074,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -4009,14 +4094,14 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         inputProcessor->getObjectDefMaxArgs(state, cCurrentModuleObject, Loop, SurfaceNumAlpha, SurfaceNumProp);
 
         if (SurfaceNumAlpha != 6) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject +
-                            ": Object Definition indicates not = 6 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated=" + TrimSigDigits(SurfaceNumAlpha));
+            ShowSevereError(
+                state, format("{}: Object Definition indicates not = 6 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated={}", cCurrentModuleObject, SurfaceNumAlpha));
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
 
         if (SurfaceNumProp != 15) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject +
-                            ": Object Definition indicates > 15 Numeric Objects, Number Indicated=" + TrimSigDigits(SurfaceNumAlpha));
+            ShowSevereError(
+                state, format("{}: Object Definition indicates > 15 Numeric Objects, Number Indicated={}", cCurrentModuleObject, SurfaceNumAlpha));
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
         NeedToAddSurfaces = 0;
@@ -4040,8 +4125,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             }
 
             if (SurfaceNumProp < 12) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", Too few number of numeric args=[" +
-                                TrimSigDigits(SurfaceNumProp) + "].");
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}=\"{}\", Too few number of numeric args=[{}].",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                       SurfaceNumProp));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -4188,12 +4276,19 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 rNumericArgs(3) = (SurfaceNumProp - 3) / 3;
                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides = rNumericArgs(3);
                 if (mod(SurfaceNumProp - 3, 3) != 0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(3) +
-                                     " not even multiple of 3. Will read in " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", " +
+                                         format("{} not even multiple of 3. Will read in {}",
+                                                cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                                state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                 }
                 if (rNumericArgs(3) < 3) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(3) +
-                                    " (autocalculate) must be >= 3. Only " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) + " provided.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\", {} (autocalculate) must be >= 3. Only {} provided.",
+                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                           cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -4201,10 +4296,10 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 numSides = (SurfaceNumProp - 2) / 3;
                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides = rNumericArgs(3);
                 if (numSides > state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", field " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + '=' +
-                                     TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...but " + TrimSigDigits(numSides) + " were entered. Only the indicated " + cNumericFieldNames(3) +
-                                      " will be used.");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", field " +
+                                         cNumericFieldNames(3) + '=' + fmt::to_string(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...but {} were entered. Only the indicated {} will be used.", numSides, cNumericFieldNames(3)));
                 }
             }
             state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex.allocate(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides);
@@ -4215,8 +4310,12 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             if ((state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class != SurfaceClass::Window && state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class != SurfaceClass::GlassDoor &&
                  state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class != SurfaceClass::Door) &&
                 rNumericArgs(2) > 1.0) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" +
-                                 TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 1) + "].");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\", invalid {}=[{:.1T}].",
+                                        cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                        state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                        cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                        rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...because " + cAlphaFieldNames(2) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(2) + " multiplier will be set to 1.0.");
                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Multiplier = 1.0;
             }
@@ -4302,8 +4401,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -4394,8 +4491,8 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 }
 
                 if (NumNumbers < 5) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", Too few number of numeric args=[" +
-                                    TrimSigDigits(NumNumbers) + "].");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\", Too few number of numeric args=[{}].", cCurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), NumNumbers));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -4539,8 +4636,12 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 if ((state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class != SurfaceClass::Window && state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class != SurfaceClass::GlassDoor &&
                      state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class != SurfaceClass::Door) &&
                     rNumericArgs(1) > 1.0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                     TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 1) + "].");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{}=\"{}\", invalid {}=[{:.1T}].",
+                                            cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                            state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                            cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                            rNumericArgs(1)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...because " + cAlphaFieldNames(1) + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + " multiplier will be set to 1.0.");
                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Multiplier = 1.0;
                 }
@@ -4549,8 +4650,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     state, state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).BaseSurf, SurfNum, rNumericArgs(2), rNumericArgs(3), rNumericArgs(4), rNumericArgs(5));
 
                 if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
-                                    "\", Surface Area <= 0.0; Entered Area=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area, 2));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\", Surface Area <= 0.0; Entered Area={:.2T}",
+                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Area));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -4608,8 +4712,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int ConstrNumSh;    // Construction number with Shade
@@ -4756,12 +4858,19 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cRoutineName + ": The gap width(s) for the unshaded window construction " + state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).Name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "are inconsistent with the gap widths for shaded window construction " + state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNumSh).Name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "for window " + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + ", which has a between-glass blind.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "..Material=" + dataMaterial.Material(MatGap).Name + " thickness=" + RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MatGap).Thickness, 3) +
-                                                  " -");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "..( Material=" + dataMaterial.Material(MatGap1).Name +
-                                                  " thickness=" + RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MatGap1).Thickness, 3) + " +");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "..Material=" + dataMaterial.Material(MatGap2).Name + " thickness=" +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MatGap2).Thickness, 3) + " )=[" + RoundSigDigits(MatGapCalc, 3) + "] >.001");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("..Material={} thickness={:.3R} -",
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatGap).Name,
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatGap).Thickness));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("..( Material={} thickness={:.3R} +",
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatGap1).Name,
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatGap1).Thickness));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("..Material={} thickness={:.3R} )=[{:.3R}] >.001",
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatGap2).Name,
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatGap2).Thickness,
+                                                         MatGapCalc));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         } else { // Between-glass shade
@@ -4771,14 +4880,23 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cRoutineName + ": The gap width(s) for the unshaded window construction " + state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).Name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "are inconsistent with the gap widths for shaded window construction " + state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNumSh).Name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "for window " + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + ", which has a between-glass shade.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "..Material=" + dataMaterial.Material(MatGap).Name + " thickness=" + RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MatGap).Thickness, 3) +
-                                    " -");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...( Material=" + dataMaterial.Material(MatGap1).Name +
-                                    " thickness=" + RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MatGap1).Thickness, 3) + " +");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "..Material=" + dataMaterial.Material(MatGap2).Name +
-                                    " thickness=" + RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MatGap2).Thickness, 3) + " +");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "..Material=" + dataMaterial.Material(MatSh).Name + " thickness=" + RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MatSh).Thickness, 3) +
-                                    " )=[" + RoundSigDigits(MatGapCalc, 3) + "] >.001");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("..Material={} thickness={:.3R} -",
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatGap).Name,
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatGap).Thickness));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("...( Material={} thickness={:.3R} +",
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatGap1).Name,
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatGap1).Thickness));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("..Material={} thickness={:.3R} +",
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatGap2).Name,
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatGap2).Thickness));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("..Material={} thickness={:.3R} )=[{:.3R}] >.001",
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatSh).Name,
+                                                         dataMaterial.Material(MatSh).Thickness,
+                                                         MatGapCalc));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -4830,8 +4948,10 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                                         cAlphaFieldNames(FrameField) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(FrameField) + "\"");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "Divider cannot be specified because the construction has a between-glass shade or blind.");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "Calculation will proceed without the divider for this window.");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Divider width = [" +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(FrameDivider(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).FrameDivider).DividerWidth, 2) + "].");
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state,
+                                            format("Divider width = [{:.2R}].",
+                                                   FrameDivider(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).FrameDivider).DividerWidth));
                                         FrameDivider(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).FrameDivider).DividerWidth = 0.0;
                                     }
                                 } // End of check if window has divider
@@ -4872,8 +4992,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         // This routine performs miscellaneous checks on subsurfaces: Windows, GlassDoors, Doors, Tubular Devices.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using namespace DataErrorTracking;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -5196,7 +5315,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValueMinMax;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleMaxValue;
@@ -5219,8 +5338,8 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         cCurrentModuleObject = "Shading:Zone:Detailed";
         inputProcessor->getObjectDefMaxArgs(state, cCurrentModuleObject, Loop, NumAlphas, NumNumbers);
         if (NumAlphas != 3) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject +
-                            ": Object Definition indicates not = 3 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated=" + TrimSigDigits(NumAlphas));
+            ShowSevereError(state,
+                            format("{}: Object Definition indicates not = 3 Alpha Objects, Number Indicated={}", cCurrentModuleObject, NumAlphas));
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
 
@@ -5321,12 +5440,19 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 rNumericArgs(1) = (NumNumbers - 1) / 3;
                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides = rNumericArgs(1);
                 if (mod(NumNumbers - 1, 3) != 0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
-                                     " not even multiple of 3. Will read in " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", " +
+                                         format("{} not even multiple of 3. Will read in {}",
+                                                cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                                state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                 }
                 if (rNumericArgs(1) < 3) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
-                                    " (autocalculate) must be >= 3. Only " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) + " provided.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\", {} (autocalculate) must be >= 3. Only {} provided.",
+                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                           cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -5374,8 +5500,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using namespace DataReportingFlags;
         using namespace Vectors;
 
@@ -5503,8 +5628,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     }
 
                     if (Length * Depth <= 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", illegal surface area=[" +
-                                        RoundSigDigits(Length * Depth, 2) + "]. Surface will NOT be entered.");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}=\"{}\", illegal surface area=[{:.2R}]. Surface will NOT be entered.",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                               Length * Depth));
                         continue;
                     }
 
@@ -5573,8 +5701,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
                     MakeFin = true;
                     if (Length * Depth <= 0.0) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=Left Fin of \"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", illegal surface area=[" +
-                                         RoundSigDigits(Length * Depth, 2) + "]. Surface will NOT be entered.");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{}=Left Fin of \"{}\", illegal surface area=[{:.2R}]. Surface will NOT be entered.",
+                                                cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                Length * Depth));
                         MakeFin = false;
                     }
 
@@ -5661,8 +5792,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
                     MakeFin = true;
                     if (Length * Depth <= 0.0) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=Right Fin of \"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", illegal surface area=[" +
-                                         RoundSigDigits(Length * Depth, 2) + "]. Surface will NOT be entered.");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{}=Right Fin of \"{}\", illegal surface area=[{:.2R}]. Surface will NOT be entered.",
+                                                cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                Length * Depth));
                         MakeFin = false;
                     }
 
@@ -5964,7 +6098,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
 
@@ -6115,7 +6248,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
 
@@ -6140,8 +6272,8 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         inputProcessor->getObjectDefMaxArgs(state, cCurrentModuleObject, Dummy, MaxNumAlphas, MaxNumNumbers);
 
         if (MaxNumNumbers != 8) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject +
-                            ": Object Definition indicates not = 8 Number Objects, Number Indicated=" + TrimSigDigits(MaxNumNumbers));
+            ShowSevereError(
+                state, format("{}: Object Definition indicates not = 8 Number Objects, Number Indicated={}", cCurrentModuleObject, MaxNumNumbers));
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
 
@@ -6313,8 +6445,8 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             if (ExtVentedCavity(Item).PlenGapThick <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + ExtVentedCavity(Item).Name + "\", invalid .");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...because field \"" + cNumericFieldNames(5) + "\" must be greater than Zero=[" +
-                                  TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...because field \"{}\" must be greater than Zero=[{:.2T}].", cNumericFieldNames(5), rNumericArgs(5)));
                 continue;
             }
             ExtVentedCavity(Item).AreaRatio = rNumericArgs(6);
@@ -6329,8 +6461,9 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             if (ExtVentedCavity(Item).ProjArea <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + ExtVentedCavity(Item).Name + "\", invalid .");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...because gross area of underlying surfaces must be greater than Zero=[" +
-                                  TrimSigDigits(ExtVentedCavity(Item).ProjArea, 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("...because gross area of underlying surfaces must be greater than Zero=[{:.2T}].", ExtVentedCavity(Item).ProjArea));
                 continue;
             }
             ExtVentedCavity(Item).ActualArea = ExtVentedCavity(Item).ProjArea * ExtVentedCavity(Item).AreaRatio;
@@ -6378,8 +6511,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
     {
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         int IOStatus; // Used in GetObjectItem
         int NumAlphas;
@@ -6435,8 +6566,12 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     if (data.exposedFraction > 1 + tolerance) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + Surface(Found).Name + ", " + cNumericFieldNames(numF) +
                                          " is greater than the perimeter of " + Surface(Found).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, Surface(Found).Name + " perimeter = " + RoundSigDigits(Surface(Found).Perimeter) + ", " +
-                                          cCurrentModuleObject + " exposed perimeter = " + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(numF)));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("{} perimeter = {}, {} exposed perimeter = {}",
+                                                 Surface(Found).Name,
+                                                 Surface(Found).Perimeter,
+                                                 cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                 rNumericArgs(numF)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(numF) + " will be set equal to " + Surface(Found).Name + " perimeter");
                         data.exposedFraction = 1.0;
                     }
@@ -6481,8 +6616,12 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + Surface(Found).Name +
                                         ", must have equal number of segments as the floor has vertices." + cAlphaFieldNames(alpF) + "\" and \"" +
                                         cNumericFieldNames(numF - 1) + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, Surface(Found).Name + " number of vertices = " + TrimSigDigits(Surface(Found).Vertex.size()) + ", " +
-                                          cCurrentModuleObject + " number of segments = " + TrimSigDigits(numRemainingFields));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("{} number of vertices = {}, {} number of segments = {}",
+                                                 Surface(Found).Name,
+                                                 Surface(Found).Vertex.size(),
+                                                 cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                 numRemainingFields));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     for (int segNum = 0; segNum < numRemainingFields; segNum++) {
@@ -6822,7 +6961,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         using DataHeatBalance::LowHConvLimit;
         using DataHeatBalSurface::MaxSurfaceTempLimit;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int CountHTAlgoObjectsSingleSurf;
@@ -7256,25 +7394,30 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         if (NumEMPDMat > 0 && !DataHeatBalance::AnyEMPD) {
             ShowWarningError(state,
-                "The input file includes " + RoundSigDigits(NumEMPDMat) +
-                " MaterialProperty:MoisturePenetrationDepth:Settings objects but the moisture penetration depth algorithm is not used anywhere.");
+                             format("The input file includes {} MaterialProperty:MoisturePenetrationDepth:Settings objects but the moisture "
+                                    "penetration depth algorithm is not used anywhere.",
+                                    NumEMPDMat));
             msgneeded = true;
         }
         if (NumPCMat > 0 && !DataHeatBalance::AnyCondFD) {
-            ShowWarningError(state, "The input file includes " + RoundSigDigits(NumPCMat) +
-                             " MaterialProperty:PhaseChange objects but the conduction finite difference algorithm is not used anywhere.");
+            ShowWarningError(state,
+                             format("The input file includes {} MaterialProperty:PhaseChange objects but the conduction finite difference algorithm "
+                                    "is not used anywhere.",
+                                    NumPCMat));
             msgneeded = true;
         }
         if (NumVTCMat > 0 && !DataHeatBalance::AnyCondFD) {
             ShowWarningError(state,
-                "The input file includes " + RoundSigDigits(NumVTCMat) +
-                " MaterialProperty:VariableThermalConductivity objects but the conduction finite difference algorithm is not used anywhere.");
+                             format("The input file includes {} MaterialProperty:VariableThermalConductivity objects but the conduction finite "
+                                    "difference algorithm is not used anywhere.",
+                                    NumVTCMat));
             msgneeded = true;
         }
         if (SumHAMTMat > 0 && !DataHeatBalance::AnyHAMT) {
-            ShowWarningError(state, "The input file includes " + RoundSigDigits(SumHAMTMat) +
-                             " MaterialProperty:HeatAndMoistureTransfer:* objects but the combined heat and moisture finite difference algorithm is "
-                             "not used anywhere.");
+            ShowWarningError(state,
+                             format("The input file includes {} MaterialProperty:HeatAndMoistureTransfer:* objects but the combined heat and "
+                                    "moisture finite difference algorithm is not used anywhere.",
+                                    SumHAMTMat));
             msgneeded = true;
         }
         if (msgneeded) {
@@ -7417,7 +7560,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace Vectors;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using namespace DataErrorTracking;
 
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -7554,27 +7697,38 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             DistanceCheck = distance(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides), state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(1));
             if (DistanceCheck < 0.01) {
                 if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Distance between two vertices < .01, possibly coincident. for Surface=" +
-                                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + ", in Zone=" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ZoneName);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Vertex [" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) + "]=(" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides).x, 2) + ',' +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides).y, 2) + ',' +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides).z, 2) + ')');
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Vertex [" + RoundSigDigits(1) + "]=(" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(1).x, 2) + ',' +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(1).y, 2) + ',' + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(1).z, 2) +
-                                      ')');
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     RoutineName + "Distance between two vertices < .01, possibly coincident. for Surface=" +
+                                         state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
+                                         ", in Zone=" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ZoneName);
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("Vertex [{}", state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) +
+                            format("]=({:.2R},{:.2R},{:.2R})",
+                                   state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides).x,
+                                   state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides).y,
+                                   state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides).z));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Vertex [{}", 1) +
+                                          format("]=({:.2R},{:.2R},{:.2R}",
+                                                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(1).x,
+                                                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(1).y,
+                                                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(1).z) +
+                                          ')');
                 }
                 ++TotalCoincidentVertices;
                 if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides > 3) {
                     if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Dropping Vertex [" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Dropping Vertex [{}].", state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                     }
                     --state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides;
                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex.redimension(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides);
                 } else {
                     if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Cannot Drop Vertex [" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) +
-                                          "]; Number of Surface Sides at minimum. This surface is now a degenerate surface.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("Cannot Drop Vertex [{}]; Number of Surface Sides at minimum. This surface is now a degenerate surface.",
+                                   state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                     }
                     ++TotalDegenerateSurfaces;
                     // mark degenerate surface?
@@ -7588,27 +7742,35 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 DistanceCheck = distance(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt), state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt - 1));
                 if (DistanceCheck < 0.01) {
                     if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Distance between two vertices < .01, possibly coincident. for Surface=" +
-                                         state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + ", in Zone=" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ZoneName);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Vertex [" + RoundSigDigits(Vrt) + "]=(" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt).x, 2) + ',' +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt).y, 2) + ',' +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt).z, 2) + ')');
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Vertex [" + RoundSigDigits(Vrt - 1) + "]=(" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt - 1).x, 2) +
-                                          ',' + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt - 1).y, 2) + ',' +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt - 1).z, 2) + ')');
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         RoutineName + "Distance between two vertices < .01, possibly coincident. for Surface=" +
+                                             state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
+                                             ", in Zone=" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ZoneName);
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Vertex [{}", Vrt) + format("]=({:.2R},{:.2R},{:.2R})",
+                                                                             state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt).x,
+                                                                             state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt).y,
+                                                                             state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt).z));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Vertex [{}]=({:.2R},", Vrt - 1, state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt - 1).x) +
+                                              format("{:.2R},{:.2R})",
+                                                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt - 1).y,
+                                                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(Vrt - 1).z));
                     }
                     ++TotalCoincidentVertices;
                     if (Vrt == state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) {
                         if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides > 3) {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Dropping Vertex [" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) + "].");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Dropping Vertex [{}].", state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                             }
                             --state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides;
                             state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex.redimension(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides);
                         } else {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Cannot Drop Vertex [" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) +
-                                                  "]; Number of Surface Sides at minimum. This surface is now a degenerate surface.");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("Cannot Drop Vertex [{}]; Number of Surface Sides at minimum. This surface is now a degenerate surface.",
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                             }
                             ++TotalDegenerateSurfaces;
                             // mark degenerate surface?
@@ -7617,7 +7779,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     } else {
                         if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides > 3) {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Dropping Vertex [" + RoundSigDigits(Vrt) + "].");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Dropping Vertex [{}].", Vrt));
                             }
                             for (n = Vrt; n <= state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides - 1; ++n) {
                                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(n).x = state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex(n + 1).x;
@@ -7628,8 +7790,10 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                             state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Vertex.redimension(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides);
                         } else {
                             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Cannot Drop Vertex [" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides) +
-                                                  "]; Number of Surface Sides at minimum. This surface is now a degenerate surface.");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("Cannot Drop Vertex [{}]; Number of Surface Sides at minimum. This surface is now a degenerate surface.",
+                                           state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
                             }
                             ++TotalDegenerateSurfaces;
                             // mark degenerate surface?
@@ -7662,27 +7826,34 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).NewellSurfaceNormalVector);
             dotp = dot(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).NewellSurfaceNormalVector, TestVector);
             if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class == SurfaceClass::Roof && dotp < -0.000001) {
-                TiltString = RoundSigDigits(SurfTilt, 1);
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Roof/Ceiling is upside down! Tilt angle=[" + TiltString + "], should be near 0, Surface=\"" +
-                                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", in Zone=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ZoneName + "\".");
+                TiltString = format("{:.1R}", SurfTilt);
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 RoutineName + "Roof/Ceiling is upside down! Tilt angle=[" + TiltString + "], should be near 0, Surface=\"" +
+                                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", in Zone=\"" +
+                                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ZoneName + "\".");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Automatic fix is attempted.");
                 ReverseAndRecalculate(state, SurfNum, state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides, SurfWorldAz, SurfTilt);
             } else if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class == SurfaceClass::Roof && SurfTilt > 80.0) {
-                TiltString = RoundSigDigits(SurfTilt, 1);
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Roof/Ceiling is not oriented correctly! Tilt angle=[" + TiltString +
-                                 "], should be near 0, Surface=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", in Zone=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ZoneName +
-                                 "\".");
+                TiltString = format("{:.1R}", SurfTilt);
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 RoutineName + "Roof/Ceiling is not oriented correctly! Tilt angle=[" + TiltString +
+                                     "], should be near 0, Surface=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", in Zone=\"" +
+                                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ZoneName + "\".");
             }
             if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class == SurfaceClass::Floor && dotp > 0.000001) {
-                TiltString = RoundSigDigits(SurfTilt, 1);
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Floor is upside down! Tilt angle=[" + TiltString + "], should be near 180, Surface=\"" +
-                                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", in Zone=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ZoneName + "\".");
+                TiltString = format("{:.1R}", SurfTilt);
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 RoutineName + "Floor is upside down! Tilt angle=[" + TiltString + "], should be near 180, Surface=\"" +
+                                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", in Zone=\"" +
+                                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ZoneName + "\".");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Automatic fix is attempted.");
                 ReverseAndRecalculate(state, SurfNum, state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides, SurfWorldAz, SurfTilt);
             } else if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class == SurfaceClass::Floor && SurfTilt < 158.2) { // slope/grade = 40%!
-                TiltString = RoundSigDigits(SurfTilt, 1);
-                ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Floor is not oriented correctly! Tilt angle=[" + TiltString + "], should be near 180, Surface=\"" +
-                                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", in Zone=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ZoneName + "\".");
+                TiltString = format("{:.1R}", SurfTilt);
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 RoutineName + "Floor is not oriented correctly! Tilt angle=[" + TiltString + "], should be near 180, Surface=\"" +
+                                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\", in Zone=\"" +
+                                     state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).ZoneName + "\".");
             }
             state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Azimuth = SurfWorldAz;
             state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Tilt = SurfTilt;
@@ -7756,8 +7927,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace Vectors;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-
 
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
 
@@ -7808,7 +7977,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).GrossArea,
                                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).NewellSurfaceNormalVector);
         if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Class == SurfaceClass::Roof && SurfTilt > 80.0) {
-            TiltString = RoundSigDigits(SurfTilt, 1);
+            TiltString = format("{:.1R}", SurfTilt);
             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Roof/Ceiling is still upside down! Tilt angle=[" + TiltString +
                              "], should be near 0, please fix manually.");
         }
@@ -8577,7 +8746,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
 
@@ -8625,8 +8793,10 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             StormWindow(StormWinNum).DateOff = General::OrdinalDay(StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOff, StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOff, 1);
 
             if (StormWindow(StormWinNum).DateOn == StormWindow(StormWinNum).DateOff) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": Date On = Date Off -- not allowed, occurred in WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #" +
-                                TrimSigDigits(StormWinNum));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: Date On = Date Off -- not allowed, occurred in WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #{}",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       StormWinNum));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -8636,25 +8806,37 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 if ((SELECT_CASE_var == 1) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 3) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 5) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 7) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 8) ||
                     (SELECT_CASE_var == 10) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 12)) {
                     if (StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOn > 31) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": Date On (Day of Month) [" + TrimSigDigits(StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOn) +
-                                        "], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #" + TrimSigDigits(StormWinNum));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}: Date On (Day of Month) [{}], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #{}",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOn,
+                                               StormWinNum));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else if ((SELECT_CASE_var == 4) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 6) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 9) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 11)) {
                     if (StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOn > 30) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": Date On (Day of Month) [" + TrimSigDigits(StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOn) +
-                                        "], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #" + TrimSigDigits(StormWinNum));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}: Date On (Day of Month) [{}], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #{}",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOn,
+                                               StormWinNum));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == 2) {
                     if (StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOn > 29) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": Date On (Day of Month) [" + TrimSigDigits(StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOn) +
-                                        "], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #" + TrimSigDigits(StormWinNum));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}: Date On (Day of Month) [{}], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #{}",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOn,
+                                               StormWinNum));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": Date On Month [" + TrimSigDigits(StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOn) +
-                                    "], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #" + TrimSigDigits(StormWinNum));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}: Date On Month [{}], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #{}",
+                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOn,
+                                           StormWinNum));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -8664,25 +8846,37 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 if ((SELECT_CASE_var == 1) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 3) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 5) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 7) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 8) ||
                     (SELECT_CASE_var == 10) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 12)) {
                     if (StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOff > 31) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": Date Off (Day of Month) [" + TrimSigDigits(StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOff) +
-                                        "], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #" + TrimSigDigits(StormWinNum));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}: Date Off (Day of Month) [{}], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #{}",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOff,
+                                               StormWinNum));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else if ((SELECT_CASE_var == 4) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 6) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 9) || (SELECT_CASE_var == 11)) {
                     if (StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOff > 30) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": Date Off (Day of Month) [" + TrimSigDigits(StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOff) +
-                                        "], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #" + TrimSigDigits(StormWinNum));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}: Date Off (Day of Month) [{}], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #{}",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOff,
+                                               StormWinNum));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else if (SELECT_CASE_var == 2) {
                     if (StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOff > 29) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": Date Off (Day of Month) [" + TrimSigDigits(StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOff) +
-                                        "], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #" + TrimSigDigits(StormWinNum));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}: Date Off (Day of Month) [{}], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #{}",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOff,
+                                               StormWinNum));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": Date Off Month [" + TrimSigDigits(StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOff) +
-                                    "], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #" + TrimSigDigits(StormWinNum));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}: Date Off Month [{}], invalid for WindowProperty:StormWindow Input #{}",
+                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOff,
+                                           StormWinNum));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -8736,11 +8930,13 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 if ((Latitude > 0.0 && (StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOn < StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOff)) ||
                     (Latitude <= 0.0 && (StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOn > StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOff))) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" check times that storm window");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "is put on (month=" + TrimSigDigits(StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOn) +
-                                      ", day=" + TrimSigDigits(StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOn) +
-                                      ") and taken off (month=" + TrimSigDigits(StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOff) +
-                                      ", day=" + TrimSigDigits(StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOff) + ");");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "these times may be reversed for your building latitude=" + TrimSigDigits(Latitude, 2) + " deg.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("is put on (month={}, day={}) and taken off (month={}, day={});",
+                                             StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOn,
+                                             StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOn,
+                                             StormWindow(StormWinNum).MonthOff,
+                                             StormWindow(StormWinNum).DayOfMonthOff));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("these times may be reversed for your building latitude={:.2R} deg.", Latitude));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -9404,8 +9600,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 if (numRemainingFields > 0) {
                     int numBlocks = numRemainingFields / 4;
                     if (mod(numRemainingFields, 4) != 0) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + fndInput.name +
-                                         "\", number of Block fields not even multiple of 4. Will read in " + General::TrimSigDigits(numBlocks));
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("{}=\"{}\", number of Block fields not even multiple of 4. Will read in {}",
+                                                cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                fndInput.name,
+                                                numBlocks));
                     }
                     for (int blockNum = 0; blockNum < numBlocks; blockNum++) {
                         Kiva::InputBlock block;
@@ -9546,7 +9745,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
 
         // Locals
@@ -9638,14 +9837,14 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(10)) {
                 OSC(OSCNum).MinLimitPresent = true;
                 OSC(OSCNum).MinTempLimit = rNumericArgs(10);
-                cOSCLimitsString = RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(10), 3);
+                cOSCLimitsString = format("{:.3R}", rNumericArgs(10));
             } else {
                 cOSCLimitsString = "N/A";
             }
             if (!lNumericFieldBlanks(11)) {
                 OSC(OSCNum).MaxLimitPresent = true;
                 OSC(OSCNum).MaxTempLimit = rNumericArgs(11);
-                cOSCLimitsString += "," + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(10), 3);
+                cOSCLimitsString += format(",{:.3R}", rNumericArgs(10));
             } else {
                 cOSCLimitsString += ",N/A";
             }
@@ -9663,7 +9862,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 print(state.files.eio, "{}\n", OSCFormat1);
             }
             if (OSC(Loop).SurfFilmCoef > 0.0) {
-                cAlphaArgs(1) = RoundSigDigits(OSC(Loop).SurfFilmCoef, 3);
+                cAlphaArgs(1) = format("{:.3R}", OSC(Loop).SurfFilmCoef);
                 SetupOutputVariable(state, "Surface Other Side Coefficients Exterior Air Drybulb Temperature",
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     OSC(Loop).OSCTempCalc,
@@ -9878,8 +10077,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -9963,9 +10161,10 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", " + cAlphaFieldNames(2) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(2) +
                                                         "\", invalid material.");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "\"Outside\", invalid material for movable insulation.");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Material=\"" + dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Name + "\",Resistance=[" +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Resistance, 3) +
-                                                          "], must be > 0 for use in Movable Insulation.");
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("Material=\"{}\",Resistance=[{:.3R}], must be > 0 for use in Movable Insulation.",
+                                                                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Name,
+                                                                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Resistance));
                                         ErrorsFound = true;
                                     } else if (dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Conductivity > 0.0) {
                                         dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Resistance = dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Thickness / dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Conductivity;
@@ -9976,9 +10175,10 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", " + cAlphaFieldNames(2) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(2) +
                                                         "\", invalid material.");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "\"Outside\", invalid material for movable insulation.");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Material=\"" + dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Name + "\",Conductivity=[" +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Conductivity, 3) +
-                                                          "], must be > 0 for use in Movable Insulation.");
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("Material=\"{}\",Conductivity=[{:.3R}], must be > 0 for use in Movable Insulation.",
+                                                                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Name,
+                                                                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Conductivity));
                                         ErrorsFound = true;
                                     }
                                 }
@@ -9998,9 +10198,10 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ", " + cAlphaFieldNames(2) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(2) +
                                                         "\", invalid material.");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "\"Inside\", invalid material for movable insulation.");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Material=\"" + dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Name + "\",Resistance=[" +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Resistance, 3) +
-                                                          "], must be > 0 for use in Movable Insulation.");
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("Material=\"{}\",Resistance=[{:.3R}], must be > 0 for use in Movable Insulation.",
+                                                                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Name,
+                                                                 dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Resistance));
                                         ErrorsFound = true;
                                     } else if (dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Conductivity > 0.0) {
                                         dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Resistance = dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Thickness / dataMaterial.Material(MaterNum).Conductivity;
@@ -10040,7 +10241,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace Vectors;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
 
@@ -10193,10 +10393,8 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                     for (auto edge : listOfedgeNotUsedTwice) {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  The surface    \"" + Surface(edge.surfNum).Name +
                                           "\" has an edge that is either not an edge on another surface or is an edge on three or more surfaces: ");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "    Vertex start { " + RoundSigDigits(edge.start.x, 4) + ", " + RoundSigDigits(edge.start.y, 4) + ", " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(edge.start.z, 4) + "}");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "    Vertex end   { " + RoundSigDigits(edge.end.x, 4) + ", " + RoundSigDigits(edge.end.y, 4) + ", " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(edge.end.z, 4) + "}");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("    Vertex start {{ {:.4R}, {:.4R}, {:.4R}}}", edge.start.x, edge.start.y, edge.start.z));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("    Vertex end   {{ {:.4R}, {:.4R}, {:.4R}}}", edge.end.x, edge.end.y, edge.end.z));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -10220,9 +10418,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                             // Warn user of using specified Zone Volume
                             ShowWarningError(state, "Entered Volume entered for Zone=\"" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name +
                                              "\" significantly different from calculated Volume");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Entered Zone Volume value=" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZoneNum).Volume, 2) +
-                                              ", Calculated Zone Volume value=" + RoundSigDigits(CalcVolume, 2) +
-                                              ", entered volume will be used in calculations.");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Entered Zone Volume value={:.2R}, Calculated Zone Volume value={:.2R}, entered volume will be "
+                                                     "used in calculations.",
+                                                     Zone(ZoneNum).Volume,
+                                                     CalcVolume));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -10238,7 +10438,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
             if (Zone(ZoneNum).Volume <= 0.0) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "Indicated Zone Volume <= 0.0 for Zone=" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The calculated Zone Volume was=" + RoundSigDigits(Zone(ZoneNum).Volume, 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The calculated Zone Volume was={:.2R}", Zone(ZoneNum).Volume));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "The simulation will continue with the Zone Volume set to 10.0 m3. ");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings; to show more details on individual zones.");
                 Zone(ZoneNum).Volume = 10.;
@@ -10294,8 +10494,10 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 ShowWarningError(state,
                     "CalculateZoneVolume: 1 zone is not fully enclosed. For more details use:  Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtrawarnings; ");
             } else if (countNotFullyEnclosedZones > 1) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "CalculateZoneVolume: " + RoundSigDigits(countNotFullyEnclosedZones) +
-                                 " zones are not fully enclosed. For more details use:  Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtrawarnings; ");
+                ShowWarningError(
+                    state,
+                    format("CalculateZoneVolume: {} zones are not fully enclosed. For more details use:  Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtrawarnings; ",
+                           countNotFullyEnclosedZones));
             }
         }
     }
@@ -10844,7 +11046,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         // Detached Shading, Base Surfaces, Attached Shading surfaces are represented in the
         // same manner as original.  Subsurfaces (windows, doors) are a "relative coordinate".
 
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
         using namespace Vectors;
 
         static std::string const RoutineName("ProcessSurfaceVertices: ");
@@ -10921,11 +11122,19 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             CalcCoPlanarNess(Surface(ThisSurf).Vertex, Surface(ThisSurf).Sides, IsCoPlanar, OutOfLine, LastVertexInError);
             if (!IsCoPlanar) {
                 if (OutOfLine > 0.01) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Suspected non-planar surface:\"" + Surface(ThisSurf).Name +
-                                    "\", Max \"out of line\"=" + TrimSigDigits(OutOfLine, 5) + " at Vertex # " + TrimSigDigits(LastVertexInError));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}Suspected non-planar surface:\"{}\", Max \"out of line\"={:.5T} at Vertex # {}",
+                                           RoutineName,
+                                           Surface(ThisSurf).Name,
+                                           OutOfLine,
+                                           LastVertexInError));
                 } else {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + "Possible non-planar surface:\"" + Surface(ThisSurf).Name +
-                                     "\", Max \"out of line\"=" + TrimSigDigits(OutOfLine, 5) + " at Vertex # " + TrimSigDigits(LastVertexInError));
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("{}Possible non-planar surface:\"{}\", Max \"out of line\"={:.5T} at Vertex # {}",
+                                            RoutineName,
+                                            Surface(ThisSurf).Name,
+                                            OutOfLine,
+                                            LastVertexInError));
                 }
                 //       ErrorInSurface=.TRUE.
             }
@@ -11081,9 +11290,10 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Base Surface=\"" + Surface(Surface(ThisSurf).BaseSurf).Name + "\", ");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Window Surface=\"" + Surface(ThisSurf).Name +
                                                   "\" area (with frame) is too large to fit on the surface.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Base surface area (-windows and doors)=[" +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(Surface(Surface(ThisSurf).BaseSurf).Area, 2) + "] m2, frame area=[" +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(SurfWinFrameArea(ThisSurf), 2) + "] m2.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Base surface area (-windows and doors)=[{:.2T}] m2, frame area=[{:.2T}] m2.",
+                                                         Surface(Surface(ThisSurf).BaseSurf).Area,
+                                                         SurfWinFrameArea(ThisSurf)));
                                 ErrorInSurface = true;
                             }
                             Surface(Surface(ThisSurf).BaseSurf).Area -= SurfWinFrameArea(ThisSurf);
@@ -11097,8 +11307,10 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                             SurfWinDividerArea(ThisSurf) = DivArea * Surface(ThisSurf).Multiplier;
                             if ((Surface(ThisSurf).Area - SurfWinDividerArea(ThisSurf)) <= 0.0) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Divider area exceeds glazed opening for window " + Surface(ThisSurf).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Window surface area=[" + TrimSigDigits(Surface(ThisSurf).Area, 2) + "] m2, divider area=[" +
-                                                  TrimSigDigits(SurfWinDividerArea(ThisSurf), 2) + "] m2.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Window surface area=[{:.2T}] m2, divider area=[{:.2T}] m2.",
+                                                         Surface(ThisSurf).Area,
+                                                         SurfWinDividerArea(ThisSurf)));
                                 ErrorInSurface = true;
                             }
                             Surface(ThisSurf).Area -= SurfWinDividerArea(ThisSurf); // Glazed area
@@ -11614,7 +11826,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
     int createAirMaterialFromDistance(Real64 distance, std::string namePrefix)
     {
         int mmDistance = int(1000 * distance); // Thickness of air gap in mm (usually between storm window and rest of window)
-        std::string MatNameStAir = namePrefix + fmt::to_string(mmDistance) + "MM";   // Name of created air layer material
+        std::string MatNameStAir = namePrefix + format("{}MM", mmDistance); // Name of created air layer material
         int newAirMaterial = UtilityRoutines::FindItemInList(MatNameStAir, dataMaterial.Material, TotMaterials);
         if (newAirMaterial == 0) {
             // Create new material
@@ -11792,7 +12004,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         // the glazing systems.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using namespace Vectors;
 
         // Locals
@@ -11862,10 +12074,9 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "SurfaceGeometry: ModifyWindow: Window " + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
                                      " uses the Window5 Data File Construction " + state.dataConstruction->Construct(IConst).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The height " + RoundSigDigits(H, 3) + "(m) or width " + RoundSigDigits(W, 3) +
-                                      " (m) of this window differs by more than 10%");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "from the corresponding height " + RoundSigDigits(h1, 3) + " (m) or width " + RoundSigDigits(w1, 3) +
-                                      " (m) on the Window5 Data file.");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("The height {:.3R}(m) or width  (m) of this window differs by more than 10%{:.3R}", H, W));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("from the corresponding height {:.3R} (m) or width  (m) on the Window5 Data file.{:.3R}", h1, w1));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "This will affect the frame heat transfer calculation if the frame in the Data File entry");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "is not uniform, i.e., has sections with different geometry and/or thermal properties.");
                 } else {
@@ -11950,7 +12161,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         // specific warnings or errors issued.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using namespace Vectors;
 
         // Locals
@@ -12104,11 +12315,12 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(TotSurfaces).Width = w2;
 
         if (state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).BaseSurf).Area <= 0.0) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "SurfaceGeometry: ModifyWindow: Subsurfaces have too much area for base surface=" +
-                            state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).BaseSurf).Name);
+            ShowSevereError(state,
+                            "SurfaceGeometry: ModifyWindow: Subsurfaces have too much area for base surface=" +
+                                state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).BaseSurf).Name);
             ShowContinueError(state, "Subsurface (window) creating error=" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "This window has been replaced by two windows from the Window5 Data File of total area " + RoundSigDigits(AreaNew, 2) +
-                              " m2");
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("This window has been replaced by two windows from the Window5 Data File of total area {:.2R} m2", AreaNew));
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
 
@@ -12490,7 +12702,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         // polygons with more than four sides).
 
         using namespace Vectors;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         static Array1D<Vector> Triangle1(3); // working struct for a 3-sided surface
         static Array1D<Vector> Triangle2(3); // working struct for a 3-sided surface
@@ -12594,11 +12805,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
 
                     if (!surface.Name.empty()) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, "CalcSurfaceCentroid: caught problem with # of sides, for surface=" + surface.Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... number of sides must be >= 3, this surface # sides=" + RoundSigDigits(surface.Sides));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... number of sides must be >= 3, this surface # sides={}", surface.Sides));
                     } else {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "CalcSurfaceCentroid: caught problem with # of sides, for surface=#" + RoundSigDigits(ThisSurf));
+                        ShowWarningError(state, format("CalcSurfaceCentroid: caught problem with # of sides, for surface=#{}", ThisSurf));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...surface name is blank. Examine surfaces -- this may be a problem with ill-formed interzone surfaces.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... number of sides must be >= 3, this surface # sides=" + RoundSigDigits(surface.Sides));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... number of sides must be >= 3, this surface # sides={}", surface.Sides));
                     }
                     centroid = 0.0;
                 }
@@ -12614,10 +12825,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         } // loop through surfaces
 
         if (negZcount > 0) {
-            ShowWarningError(state, "CalcSurfaceCentroid: " + RoundSigDigits(negZcount) + " Surfaces have the Z coordinate < 0.");
+            ShowWarningError(state, format("CalcSurfaceCentroid: {} Surfaces have the Z coordinate < 0.", negZcount));
             ShowContinueError(state, "...in any calculations, Wind Speed will be 0.0 for these surfaces.");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...in any calculations, Outside temperatures will be the outside temperature + " +
-                              RoundSigDigits(WeatherFileTempModCoeff, 3) + " for these surfaces.");
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("...in any calculations, Outside temperatures will be the outside temperature + {:.3R} for these surfaces.",
+                                     WeatherFileTempModCoeff));
             ShowContinueError(state, "...that is, these surfaces will have conditions as though at ground level.");
         }
     }
@@ -12819,7 +13031,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                             ++enclosureNum;
                             auto &thisEnclosure(Enclosures(enclosureNum));
                             thisSideEnclosureNum = enclosureNum;
-                            thisEnclosure.Name = RadiantOrSolar + " Enclosure " + General::RoundSigDigits(enclosureNum);
+                            thisEnclosure.Name = format("{} Enclosure {}", RadiantOrSolar, enclosureNum);
                             thisEnclosure.ZoneNames.push_back(surf.ZoneName);
                             thisEnclosure.ZoneNums.push_back(surf.Zone);
                             thisEnclosure.FloorArea += Zone(surf.Zone).FloorArea;
@@ -12942,8 +13154,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 }
             }
             if (errorCount > 0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + ": " + General::TrimSigDigits(errorCount) +
-                                " surfaces use Construction:AirBoundary in non-interzone surfaces.");
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("{}: {} surfaces use Construction:AirBoundary in non-interzone surfaces.", RoutineName, errorCount));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "For explicit details on each use, use Output:Diagnostics,DisplayExtraWarnings;");
             }
         }
@@ -13030,7 +13241,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
         // http://mathworld.wolfram.com/ConvexPolygon.html
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using namespace DataErrorTracking;
 
         constexpr Real64 TurnThreshold(0.000001); // Sensitivity of convexity test, in radians
@@ -13187,16 +13398,12 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                         if (Np1 > NSides) Np1 -= NSides;
                         Np2 = n + 2;
                         if (Np2 > NSides) Np2 -= NSides;
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...vertex " + RoundSigDigits(n) + " to vertex " + RoundSigDigits(Np1) + " to vertex " +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(Np2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...vertex " + RoundSigDigits(n) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(X(n), 2) + ',' + RoundSigDigits(Y(n), 2) + ',' +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(Z(n), 2) + ']');
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...vertex " + RoundSigDigits(Np1) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(X(n + 1), 2) + ',' +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(Y(n + 1), 2) + ',' + RoundSigDigits(Z(n + 1), 2) + ']');
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...vertex " + RoundSigDigits(Np2) + "=[" + RoundSigDigits(X(n + 2), 2) + ',' +
-                                          RoundSigDigits(Y(n + 2), 2) + ',' + RoundSigDigits(Z(n + 2), 2) + ']');
-                        //          CALL ShowContinueError(state, '...theta angle=['//TRIM(RoundSigDigits(Theta,6))//']')
-                        //          CALL ShowContinueError(state, '...last theta angle=['//TRIM(RoundSigDigits(LastTheta,6))//']')
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...vertex {} to vertex {} to vertex {}", n, Np1, Np2));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...vertex {}=[{:.2R},{:.2R},{:.2R}]", n, X(n), Y(n), Z(n)));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...vertex {}=[{:.2R},{:.2R},{:.2R}]", Np1, X(n + 1), Y(n + 1), Z(n + 1)));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...vertex {}=[{:.2R},{:.2R},{:.2R}]", Np2, X(n + 2), Y(n + 2), Z(n + 2)));
+                        //          CALL ShowContinueError(state, '...theta angle=['//TRIM(format("{:.6R}", Theta))//']')
+                        //          CALL ShowContinueError(state, '...last theta angle=['//TRIM(format("{:.6R}", LastTheta))//']')
                     }
                 }
                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).IsConvex = false;
@@ -13212,8 +13419,9 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
                 state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides = NSides - M;
             } else { // too many
                 if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "CheckConvexity: Surface=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name + "\" has [" + RoundSigDigits(M) +
-                                     "] collinear points.");
+                    ShowWarningError(
+                        state,
+                        format("CheckConvexity: Surface=\"{}\" has [{}] collinear points.", state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name, M));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...too many to remove all.  Will leave the surface with 3 sides. But this is now a degenerate surface");
                 }
                 ++TotalDegenerateSurfaces;
@@ -13242,8 +13450,10 @@ namespace SurfaceGeometry {
             }
             OldVertex.deallocate();
             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "CheckConvexity: Surface=\"" + state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name +
-                                 "\": The vertex points has been reprocessed as Sides = " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("CheckConvexity: Surface=\"{}\": The vertex points has been reprocessed as Sides = {}",
+                                        state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Name,
+                                        state.dataSurfaceGeometry->SurfaceTmp(SurfNum).Sides));
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger.cc
index 2b46aa4d922..d4c26ddfab6 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger.cc
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger {
         using DataEnvironment::GroundTemp_SurfaceObjInput;
         using FluidProperties::CheckFluidPropertyName;
         using FluidProperties::FindGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using namespace DataLoopNode;
 
@@ -266,13 +266,13 @@ namespace SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger {
             state.dataSurfaceGroundHeatExchangers->SurfaceGHE(Item).TubeSpacing = rNumericArgs(3);
 
             if (rNumericArgs(2) == 0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + '=' + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(2), rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (rNumericArgs(3) == 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(3) + '=' + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(3), rNumericArgs(3)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -282,13 +282,13 @@ namespace SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger {
             state.dataSurfaceGroundHeatExchangers->SurfaceGHE(Item).SurfaceLength = rNumericArgs(4);
             state.dataSurfaceGroundHeatExchangers->SurfaceGHE(Item).SurfaceWidth = rNumericArgs(5);
             if (rNumericArgs(4) <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(4) + '=' + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(4), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(4), rNumericArgs(4)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (rNumericArgs(5) <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + '=' + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(5), rNumericArgs(5)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Value must be greater than 0.0");
                 ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger {
         if (state.dataSurfaceGroundHeatExchangers->NoSurfaceGroundTempObjWarning) {
             if (!GroundTemp_SurfaceObjInput) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, "GetSurfaceGroundHeatExchanger: No \"Site:GroundTemperature:Shallow\" were input.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Defaults, constant throughout the year of (" + RoundSigDigits(GroundTemp_Surface, 1) + ") will be used.");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Defaults, constant throughout the year of ({:.1R}) will be used.", GroundTemp_Surface));
             }
             state.dataSurfaceGroundHeatExchangers->NoSurfaceGroundTempObjWarning = false;
         }
@@ -591,7 +591,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger {
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
         using namespace DataEnvironment;
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         Real64 const SurfFluxTol(0.001); // tolerance on the surface fluxes
         Real64 const SrcFluxTol(0.001);  // tolerance on the source flux
@@ -674,8 +673,8 @@ namespace SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger {
                 // Check for non-convergence
                 if (iter > Maxiter) {
                     if (this->ConvErrIndex1 == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcSurfaceGroundHeatExchanger=\"" + this->Name +
-                                           "\", Did not converge (part 1), Iterations=" + TrimSigDigits(Maxiter));
+                        ShowWarningMessage(
+                            state, format("CalcSurfaceGroundHeatExchanger=\"{}\", Did not converge (part 1), Iterations={}", this->Name, Maxiter));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcSurfaceGroundHeatExchanger=\"" + this->Name + "\", Did not converge (part 1)",
@@ -735,7 +734,7 @@ namespace SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger {
                     ++iter1;
                     // update top coefficients
                     CalcTopFluxCoefficents(TempBtm, TempTop);
-                    // calc top surface fluxe
+                    // calc top surface flux
                     FluxTop = this->QtopConstCoef + this->QtopVarCoef * state.dataSurfaceGroundHeatExchangers->SourceFlux;
                     // calc new surface temps
                     CalcTopSurfTemp(-FluxTop,
@@ -769,8 +768,9 @@ namespace SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger {
                     // Check for non-convergence
                     if (iter1 > Maxiter1) {
                         if (this->ConvErrIndex2 == 0) {
-                            ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcSurfaceGroundHeatExchanger=\"" + this->Name +
-                                               "\", Did not converge (part 2), Iterations=" + TrimSigDigits(Maxiter));
+                            ShowWarningMessage(
+                                state,
+                                format("CalcSurfaceGroundHeatExchanger=\"{}\", Did not converge (part 2), Iterations={}", this->Name, Maxiter));
                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                         }
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcSurfaceGroundHeatExchanger=\"" + this->Name + "\", Did not converge (part 2)",
@@ -788,8 +788,8 @@ namespace SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger {
                 // Check for non-convergence
                 if (iter > Maxiter) {
                     if (this->ConvErrIndex3 == 0) {
-                        ShowWarningMessage(state, "CalcSurfaceGroundHeatExchanger=\"" + this->Name +
-                                           "\", Did not converge (part 3), Iterations=" + TrimSigDigits(Maxiter));
+                        ShowWarningMessage(
+                            state, format("CalcSurfaceGroundHeatExchanger=\"{}\", Did not converge (part 3), Iterations={}", this->Name, Maxiter));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CalcSurfaceGroundHeatExchanger=\"" + this->Name + "\", Did not converge (part 3)",
@@ -1056,7 +1056,6 @@ namespace SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Return value
         Real64 CalcHXEffectTerm;
@@ -1125,8 +1124,11 @@ namespace SurfaceGroundHeatExchanger {
         if (Temperature < 0.0) { // check if fluid is water and would be freezing
             if (PlantLoop(this->LoopNum).FluidIndex == WaterIndex) {
                 if (this->FrozenErrIndex1 == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningMessage(state, "GroundHeatExchanger:Surface=\"" + this->Name +
-                                       "\", water is frozen; Model not valid. Calculated Water Temperature=[" + RoundSigDigits(this->InletTemp, 2) + "] C");
+                    ShowWarningMessage(
+                        state,
+                        format("GroundHeatExchanger:Surface=\"{}\", water is frozen; Model not valid. Calculated Water Temperature=[{:.2R}] C",
+                               this->Name,
+                               this->InletTemp));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "GroundHeatExchanger:Surface=\"" + this->Name + "\", water is frozen",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SystemAvailabilityManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SystemAvailabilityManager.cc
index 08cf577ca60..3e3201a08a9 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SystemAvailabilityManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SystemAvailabilityManager.cc
@@ -1713,7 +1713,6 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
         // System Availability Manager algorithm.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         {
             auto const SELECT_CASE_var(SysAvailType);
@@ -1828,7 +1827,7 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
                 }
 
             } else {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "AvailabilityManager Type not found: " + TrimSigDigits(SysAvailType));
+                ShowSevereError(state, format("AvailabilityManager Type not found: {}", SysAvailType));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in Manager=" + SysAvailName);
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding condition causes termination.");
             }
@@ -3751,7 +3750,7 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using NodeInputManager::MarkNode;
         using namespace DataLoopNode;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using CurveManager::CurveValue;
         using CurveManager::GetCurveIndex;
@@ -3840,13 +3839,13 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
             if (SchedMax > 7.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(4) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(4) + "\", the maximum schedule value should be 7. However, ");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "the maximum entered value in the schedule is " + TrimSigDigits(SchedMax, 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("the maximum entered value in the schedule is {:.1T}", SchedMax));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (SchedMin < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(4) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(4) + "the minimum schedule value should be 0. However, ");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "the minimum entered value in the schedule is " + TrimSigDigits(SchedMin, 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("the minimum entered value in the schedule is {:.1T}", SchedMin));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (SchedMax == 7.0 && !Contaminant.CO2Simulation) {
@@ -3874,7 +3873,7 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
                 if (rNumericArgs(1) > 40.0 || rNumericArgs(1) < 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1) + " is beyond the range.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 0) + ". The allowed value must be >= 0 and <= 40 m/s");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.0T}. The allowed value must be >= 0 and <= 40 m/s", rNumericArgs(1)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3885,8 +3884,8 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
                 if (rNumericArgs(2) > 100.0 || rNumericArgs(2) < -100.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(2) + " is beyond the range.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 0) +
-                                      ". The allowed value must be between -100 C and +100 C");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("The input value is {:.0T}. The allowed value must be between -100 C and +100 C", rNumericArgs(2)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3895,8 +3894,8 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
                 if (rNumericArgs(3) > 100.0 || rNumericArgs(3) < -100.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(3) + " is beyond the range.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 0) +
-                                      ". The allowed value must be between -100 C and +100 C");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("The input value is {:.0T}. The allowed value must be between -100 C and +100 C", rNumericArgs(3)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3904,8 +3903,9 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
             if (rNumericArgs(2) >= rNumericArgs(3)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" The " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
                                 " must be less than the " + cNumericFieldNames(3));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 0) + ". The " + cNumericFieldNames(3) +
-                                  " is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 0) + '.');
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("The {} is {:.0T}. The {} is {:.0T}.", cNumericFieldNames(2), rNumericArgs(2), cNumericFieldNames(3), rNumericArgs(3)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3915,8 +3915,8 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
                 if (rNumericArgs(4) > 300000.0 || rNumericArgs(4) < 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(4) + " is beyond the range.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(4), 0) +
-                                      ". The allowed value must be between 0 and 300000 J/kg");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("The input value is {:.0T}. The allowed value must be between 0 and 300000 J/kg", rNumericArgs(4)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3925,8 +3925,8 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
                 if (rNumericArgs(5) > 300000.0 || rNumericArgs(5) < 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(5) + " is beyond the range.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 0) +
-                                      ". The allowed value must be between 0 and 300000 J/kg");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("The input value is {:.0T}. The allowed value must be between 0 and 300000 J/kg", rNumericArgs(5)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3934,8 +3934,9 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
             if (rNumericArgs(4) >= rNumericArgs(5)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" The " + cNumericFieldNames(4) +
                                 " must be less than the " + cNumericFieldNames(5));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The " + cNumericFieldNames(4) + " is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(4), 0) + ". The " + cNumericFieldNames(5) +
-                                  " is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 0) + '.');
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("The {} is {:.0T}. The {} is {:.0T}.", cNumericFieldNames(4), rNumericArgs(4), cNumericFieldNames(5), rNumericArgs(5)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3945,8 +3946,8 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
                 if (rNumericArgs(6) > 100.0 || rNumericArgs(6) < -100.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(6) + " is beyond the range.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(6), 0) +
-                                      ". The allowed value must be between -100 C and +100 C");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("The input value is {:.0T}. The allowed value must be between -100 C and +100 C", rNumericArgs(6)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3955,8 +3956,8 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
                 if (rNumericArgs(7) > 100.0 || rNumericArgs(7) < -100.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(7) + " is beyond the range.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(7), 0) +
-                                      ". The allowed value must be between -100 C and +100 C");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("The input value is {:.0T}. The allowed value must be between -100 C and +100 C", rNumericArgs(7)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -3964,8 +3965,9 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
             if (rNumericArgs(6) >= rNumericArgs(7)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" The " + cNumericFieldNames(6) +
                                 " must be less than the " + cNumericFieldNames(7));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The " + cNumericFieldNames(6) + " is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(6), 0) + ". The " + cNumericFieldNames(7) +
-                                  " is " + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(7), 0) + '.');
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("The {} is {:.0T}. The {} is {:.0T}.", cNumericFieldNames(6), rNumericArgs(6), cNumericFieldNames(7), rNumericArgs(7)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3980,7 +3982,7 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
             if (SchedMin < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", Schedule value must be >= 0 in " +
                                 cAlphaFieldNames(6) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(6) + "\".");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The minimum schedule value is " + TrimSigDigits(SchedMin, 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The minimum schedule value is {:.1T}", SchedMin));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -4005,7 +4007,7 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "The minimum value of " + cAlphaFieldNames(7) +
                                           " must be greater than or equal to 0.0 at the minimum value of wind speed.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(7) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(7) + "\".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at the minimum wind speed = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at the minimum wind speed = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     CurveVal = CurveValue(state, state.dataSystemAvailabilityManager->HybridVentSysAvailMgrData(SysAvailNum).OpeningFactorFWS, CurveMax);
@@ -4014,7 +4016,7 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "The maximum value of " + cAlphaFieldNames(7) +
                                           " must be less than or equal to 1.0 at the maximum value of wind speed.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, cAlphaFieldNames(7) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(7) + "\".");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at the maximum wind speed = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at the maximum wind speed = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     // Check curve type
@@ -4039,14 +4041,14 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " For " + cAlphaFieldNames(8) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(8) + "\",");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "the maximum schedule value should be 1. However, ");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "the maximum entered value in the schedule is " + TrimSigDigits(SchedMax, 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("the maximum entered value in the schedule is {:.1T}", SchedMax));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (SchedMin < 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "For " + cAlphaFieldNames(8) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(8) + "\",");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "the minimum schedule value should be 0. However, ");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "the minimum entered value in the schedule is " + TrimSigDigits(SchedMin, 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("the minimum entered value in the schedule is {:.1T}", SchedMin));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -4066,14 +4068,14 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "For " + cAlphaFieldNames(9) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(9) + "\",");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "the maximum schedule value should be 1. However, ");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "the maximum entered value in the schedule is " + TrimSigDigits(SchedMax, 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("the maximum entered value in the schedule is {:.1T}", SchedMax));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (SchedMin < 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "For " + cAlphaFieldNames(9) + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(9) + "\",");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "the minimum schedule value should be 0. However, ");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "the minimum entered value in the schedule is " + TrimSigDigits(SchedMin, 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("the minimum entered value in the schedule is {:.1T}", SchedMin));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -4927,8 +4929,6 @@ namespace SystemAvailabilityManager {
         // This routine was designed to find whether this zone is controlled by hybrid ventilation
         // ventilation control option.
 
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         // Return value
         bool VentControl; // Set to true if ventilation control in the same zone
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/SystemReports.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/SystemReports.cc
index a76bffcf653..03ef6098336 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/SystemReports.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/SystemReports.cc
@@ -5271,12 +5271,12 @@ namespace SystemReports {
                 std::string ChrOut;
                 std::string ChrOut2;
                 if (state.dataAirLoop->AirToOANodeInfo(Count).OASysInletNodeNum > 0) {
-                    ChrOut = std::to_string(state.dataAirLoop->AirToOANodeInfo(Count).OASysInletNodeNum);
+                    ChrOut = fmt::to_string(state.dataAirLoop->AirToOANodeInfo(Count).OASysInletNodeNum);
                 } else {
                     ChrOut = errstring;
                 }
                 if (state.dataAirLoop->AirToOANodeInfo(Count).OASysOutletNodeNum > 0) {
-                    ChrOut2 = std::to_string(state.dataAirLoop->AirToOANodeInfo(Count).OASysOutletNodeNum);
+                    ChrOut2 = fmt::to_string(state.dataAirLoop->AirToOANodeInfo(Count).OASysOutletNodeNum);
                 } else {
                     ChrOut2 = errstring;
                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ThermalChimney.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ThermalChimney.cc
index 32c73284e12..58ad552ddec 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ThermalChimney.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ThermalChimney.cc
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ namespace ThermalChimney {
         // stores it in the ThermalChimney data structure.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
 
@@ -224,22 +224,34 @@ namespace ThermalChimney {
 
             state.dataThermalChimneys->ThermalChimneySys(Loop).AbsorberWallWidth = rNumericArgs(1);
             if (state.dataThermalChimneys->ThermalChimneySys(Loop).AbsorberWallWidth < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) +
-                                " must be >= 0, entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) + "].");
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}=\"{} invalid {} must be >= 0, entered value=[{:.2R}].",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                       rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             state.dataThermalChimneys->ThermalChimneySys(Loop).AirOutletCrossArea = rNumericArgs(2);
             if (state.dataThermalChimneys->ThermalChimneySys(Loop).AirOutletCrossArea < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
-                                " must be >= 0, entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 2) + "].");
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}=\"{} invalid {} must be >= 0, entered value=[{:.2R}].",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                       rNumericArgs(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             state.dataThermalChimneys->ThermalChimneySys(Loop).DischargeCoeff = rNumericArgs(3);
             if ((state.dataThermalChimneys->ThermalChimneySys(Loop).DischargeCoeff <= 0.0) || (state.dataThermalChimneys->ThermalChimneySys(Loop).DischargeCoeff > 1.0)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(3) +
-                                " must be > 0 and <=1.0, entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 2) + "].");
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}=\"{} invalid {} must be > 0 and <=1.0, entered value=[{:.2R}].",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                       rNumericArgs(3)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -273,21 +285,33 @@ namespace ThermalChimney {
                 }
 
                 if (state.dataThermalChimneys->ThermalChimneySys(Loop).DistanceThermChimInlet(TCZoneNum) < 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(3 * TCZoneNum + 1) +
-                                    " must be >= 0, entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3 * TCZoneNum + 1), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{} invalid {} must be >= 0, entered value=[{:.2R}].",
+                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFieldNames(3 * TCZoneNum + 1),
+                                           rNumericArgs(3 * TCZoneNum + 1)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
                 if ((state.dataThermalChimneys->ThermalChimneySys(Loop).RatioThermChimAirFlow(TCZoneNum) <= 0.0) ||
                     (state.dataThermalChimneys->ThermalChimneySys(Loop).RatioThermChimAirFlow(TCZoneNum) > 1.0)) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(3 * TCZoneNum + 2) +
-                                    " must be > 0 and <=1.0, entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3 * TCZoneNum + 2), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{} invalid {} must be > 0 and <=1.0, entered value=[{:.2R}].",
+                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFieldNames(3 * TCZoneNum + 2),
+                                           rNumericArgs(3 * TCZoneNum + 2)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
                 if (state.dataThermalChimneys->ThermalChimneySys(Loop).EachAirInletCrossArea(TCZoneNum) < 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(3 * TCZoneNum + 3) +
-                                    " must be >= 0, entered value=[" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3 * TCZoneNum + 3), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{} invalid {} must be >= 0, entered value=[{:.2R}].",
+                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFieldNames(3 * TCZoneNum + 3),
+                                           rNumericArgs(3 * TCZoneNum + 3)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -297,9 +321,11 @@ namespace ThermalChimney {
 
             // Error trap if the sum of fractions is not equal to 1.0
             if (std::abs(AllRatiosSummed - 1.0) > FlowFractionTolerance) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) +
-                                " invalid sum of fractions, must be =1.0, entered value (summed from entries)=[" +
-                                RoundSigDigits(AllRatiosSummed, 4) + "].");
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}=\"{} invalid sum of fractions, must be =1.0, entered value (summed from entries)=[{:.4R}].",
+                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       AllRatiosSummed));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ThermalComfort.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ThermalComfort.cc
index 1bde4d6253f..233e38fdf75 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ThermalComfort.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ThermalComfort.cc
@@ -1618,7 +1618,6 @@ namespace ThermalComfort {
         using namespace DataHeatBalance;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         Real64 const AngleFacLimit(0.01); // To set the limit of sum of angle factors
@@ -1709,8 +1708,10 @@ namespace ThermalComfort {
 
             if (std::abs(AllAngleFacSummed - 1.0) > AngleFacLimit) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\", invalid - Sum[AngleFactors]");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Sum of Angle Factors [" + RoundSigDigits(AllAngleFacSummed, 3) +
-                                  "] exceed expected sum [1.0] by more than limit [" + RoundSigDigits(AngleFacLimit, 3) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("...Sum of Angle Factors [{:.3R}] exceed expected sum [1.0] by more than limit [{:.3R}].",
+                                         AllAngleFacSummed,
+                                         AngleFacLimit));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
         }
@@ -1977,7 +1978,7 @@ namespace ThermalComfort {
         using DataEnvironment::EnvironmentName;
         using DataEnvironment::EnvironmentStartEnd;
         using DataEnvironment::RunPeriodEnvironment;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using OutputReportTabular::isInQuadrilateral;
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
 
@@ -2099,7 +2100,7 @@ namespace ThermalComfort {
             }
             // if any zones should be warning print it out
             if (showWarning) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "More than 4% of time (" + RoundSigDigits(allowedHours, 1) + " hours) uncomfortable in one or more zones ");
+                ShowWarningError(state, format("More than 4% of time ({:.1R} hours) uncomfortable in one or more zones ", allowedHours));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Based on ASHRAE 55-2004 graph (Section 5.2.1.1)");
                 if (RunPeriodEnvironment) {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "During Environment [" + EnvironmentStartEnd + "]: " + EnvironmentName);
@@ -2109,8 +2110,10 @@ namespace ThermalComfort {
                 for (iZone = 1; iZone <= state.dataGlobal->NumOfZones; ++iZone) {
                     if (state.dataThermalComforts->ThermalComfortInASH55(iZone).Enable55Warning) {
                         if (state.dataThermalComforts->ThermalComfortInASH55(iZone).totalTimeNotEither > allowedHours) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, RoundSigDigits(state.dataThermalComforts->ThermalComfortInASH55(iZone).totalTimeNotEither, 1) +
-                                              " hours were uncomfortable in zone: " + Zone(iZone).Name);
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("{:.1R} hours were uncomfortable in zone: {}",
+                                                     state.dataThermalComforts->ThermalComfortInASH55(iZone).totalTimeNotEither,
+                                                     Zone(iZone).Name));
                         }
                     }
                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/TranspiredCollector.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/TranspiredCollector.cc
index 8d710efebb4..001bacb66b4 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/TranspiredCollector.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/TranspiredCollector.cc
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ namespace TranspiredCollector {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataHVACGlobals::TempControlTol;
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -160,13 +160,20 @@ namespace TranspiredCollector {
         } else {
             UTSCNum = CompIndex;
             if (UTSCNum > state.dataTranspiredCollector->NumUTSC || UTSCNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimTranspiredCollector: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(UTSCNum) +
-                               ", Number of Transpired Collectors=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataTranspiredCollector->NumUTSC) + ", UTSC name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimTranspiredCollector: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Transpired Collectors={}, UTSC name={}",
+                                      UTSCNum,
+                                      state.dataTranspiredCollector->NumUTSC,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataTranspiredCollector->CheckEquipName(UTSCNum)) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataTranspiredCollector->UTSC(UTSCNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimTranspiredCollector: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(UTSCNum) + ", Transpired Collector name=" +
-                                   CompName + ", stored Transpired Collector Name for that index=" + state.dataTranspiredCollector->UTSC(UTSCNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimTranspiredCollector: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Transpired Collector name={}, stored Transpired "
+                                          "Collector Name for that index={}",
+                                          UTSCNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          state.dataTranspiredCollector->UTSC(UTSCNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataTranspiredCollector->CheckEquipName(UTSCNum) = false;
             }
@@ -239,8 +246,7 @@ namespace TranspiredCollector {
         using DataSurfaces::OtherSideCondModeledExt;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
         using DataSurfaces::SurfaceData;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
 
@@ -286,8 +292,10 @@ namespace TranspiredCollector {
         inputProcessor->getObjectDefMaxArgs(state, CurrentModuleObject, Dummy, MaxNumAlphas, MaxNumNumbers);
 
         if (MaxNumNumbers != 11) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "GetTranspiredCollectorInput: " + CurrentModuleObject +
-                            " Object Definition indicates not = 11 Number Objects, Number Indicated=" + TrimSigDigits(MaxNumNumbers));
+            ShowSevereError(state,
+                            format("GetTranspiredCollectorInput: {} Object Definition indicates not = 11 Number Objects, Number Indicated={}",
+                                   CurrentModuleObject,
+                                   MaxNumNumbers));
             ErrorsFound = true;
         }
         Alphas.allocate(MaxNumAlphas);
@@ -324,8 +332,10 @@ namespace TranspiredCollector {
                 inputProcessor->getObjectDefMaxArgs(state, CurrentModuleMultiObject, Dummy, MaxNumAlphasSplit, MaxNumNumbersSplit);
 
                 if (MaxNumNumbersSplit != 0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "GetTranspiredCollectorInput: " + CurrentModuleMultiObject +
-                                    " Object Definition indicates not = 0 Number Objects, Number Indicated=" + TrimSigDigits(MaxNumNumbersSplit));
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("GetTranspiredCollectorInput: {} Object Definition indicates not = 0 Number Objects, Number Indicated={}",
+                                           CurrentModuleMultiObject,
+                                           MaxNumNumbersSplit));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 if (!allocated(AlphasSplit)) AlphasSplit.allocate(MaxNumAlphasSplit);
@@ -531,7 +541,7 @@ namespace TranspiredCollector {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Suspected input problem with collector surface = " + Alphas(ThisSurf + AlphaOffset));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataTranspiredCollector->UTSC(Item).Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Surface used for solar collector faces down");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Surface tilt angle (degrees from ground outward normal) = " + RoundSigDigits(Surface(Found).Tilt, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Surface tilt angle (degrees from ground outward normal) = {:.2R}", Surface(Found).Tilt));
                 }
 
                 state.dataTranspiredCollector->UTSC(Item).SurfPtrs(ThisSurf) = Found;
@@ -851,7 +861,7 @@ namespace TranspiredCollector {
         using DataHVACGlobals::TimeStepSys;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
         using DataSurfaces::SurfaceData;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using Psychrometrics::PsyCpAirFnW;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyHFnTdbW;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW;
@@ -968,7 +978,7 @@ namespace TranspiredCollector {
             if (state.dataTranspiredCollector->UTSC(UTSCNum).VsucErrIndex == 0) {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "Solar Collector:Unglazed Transpired=\"" + state.dataTranspiredCollector->UTSC(UTSCNum).Name +
                                    "\", Suction velocity is outside of range for a good design");
-                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Suction velocity =" + RoundSigDigits(Vsuction, 4));
+                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Suction velocity ={:.4R}", Vsuction));
                 if (Vsuction < 0.003) {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Velocity is low -- suggest decreasing area of transpired collector");
                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/UFADManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/UFADManager.cc
index 47aa12732a0..282cfdc81a1 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/UFADManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/UFADManager.cc
@@ -115,7 +115,6 @@ namespace UFADManager {
     using DataHVACGlobals::ShortenTimeStepSysRoomAir;
     using DataHVACGlobals::SysTimeElapsed;
     using namespace DataUCSDSharedData;
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
     // Data
     // MODULE VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -684,8 +683,8 @@ namespace UFADManager {
                 if (std::abs(ZInfSurf - ZSupSurf) < 1.e-10) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "RoomAirModelUFAD:HcUCSDUF: Surface values will cause divide by zero.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Zone=\"" + Zone(Surface(SurfNum).Zone).Name + "\", Surface=\"" + Surface(SurfNum).Name + "\".");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "ZInfSurf=[" + RoundSigDigits(ZInfSurf, 4) + "], LayH=[" + RoundSigDigits(LayH, 4) + "].");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "ZSupSurf=[" + RoundSigDigits(ZSupSurf, 4) + "], LayH=[" + RoundSigDigits(LayH, 4) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("ZInfSurf=[{:.4R}], LayH=[{:.4R}].", ZInfSurf, LayH));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("ZSupSurf=[{:.4R}], LayH=[{:.4R}].", ZSupSurf, LayH));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "...Previous condition causes termination.");
                 }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/UnitHeater.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/UnitHeater.cc
index 7abee8eec3a..4ef1b96101a 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/UnitHeater.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/UnitHeater.cc
@@ -154,7 +154,6 @@ namespace UnitHeater {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataSizing::ZoneEqUnitHeater;
         using DataSizing::ZoneHeatingOnlyFan;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int UnitHeatNum; // index of unit heater being simulated
@@ -175,13 +174,19 @@ namespace UnitHeater {
         } else {
             UnitHeatNum = CompIndex;
             if (UnitHeatNum > state.dataUnitHeaters->NumOfUnitHeats || UnitHeatNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimUnitHeater:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(UnitHeatNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataUnitHeaters->NumOfUnitHeats) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimUnitHeater:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      UnitHeatNum,
+                                      state.dataUnitHeaters->NumOfUnitHeats,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataUnitHeaters->CheckEquipName(UnitHeatNum)) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimUnitHeater: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(UnitHeatNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimUnitHeater: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          UnitHeatNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataUnitHeaters->CheckEquipName(UnitHeatNum) = false;
             }
@@ -239,7 +244,7 @@ namespace UnitHeater {
         using Fans::GetFanOutletNode;
         using Fans::GetFanType;
         using Fans::GetFanVolFlow;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         using SteamCoils::GetCoilSteamInletNode;
         using SteamCoils::GetSteamCoilIndex;
@@ -374,9 +379,13 @@ namespace UnitHeater {
                         if (FanVolFlow != AutoSize && state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).MaxAirVolFlow != AutoSize &&
                             FanVolFlow < state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).MaxAirVolFlow) {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "Specified in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...air flow rate (" + TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlow, 7) + ") in fan object " +
-                                              state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).FanName + " is less than the unit heater maximum supply air flow rate (" +
-                                              TrimSigDigits(state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).MaxAirVolFlow, 7) + ").");
+                            ShowContinueError(
+                                state,
+                                format(
+                                    "...air flow rate ({:.7T}) in fan object {} is less than the unit heater maximum supply air flow rate ({:.7T}).",
+                                    FanVolFlow,
+                                    state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).FanName,
+                                    state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).MaxAirVolFlow));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "...the fan flow rate must be greater than or equal to the unit heater maximum supply air flow rate.");
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         } else if (FanVolFlow == AutoSize && state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).MaxAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
@@ -400,9 +409,12 @@ namespace UnitHeater {
                     if (FanVolFlow != AutoSize && state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).MaxAirVolFlow != AutoSize &&
                         FanVolFlow < state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).MaxAirVolFlow) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "Specified in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...air flow rate (" + TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlow, 7) + ") in fan object " + state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).FanName +
-                                          " is less than the unit heater maximum supply air flow rate (" +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).MaxAirVolFlow, 7) + ").");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...air flow rate ({:.7T}) in fan object {} is less than the unit heater maximum supply air flow rate ({:.7T}).",
+                                   FanVolFlow,
+                                   state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).FanName,
+                                   state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).MaxAirVolFlow));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...the fan flow rate must be greater than or equal to the unit heater maximum supply air flow rate.");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (FanVolFlow == AutoSize && state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).MaxAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
@@ -921,7 +933,7 @@ namespace UnitHeater {
         using DataHVACGlobals::HeatingAirflowSizing;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HeatingCapacitySizing;
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::MyPlantSizingIndex;
         using Psychrometrics::CPHW;
         using SteamCoils::GetCoilSteamInletNode;
@@ -1194,10 +1206,10 @@ namespace UnitHeater {
                                 if ((std::abs(MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes - MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser) / MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeUnitHeater: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:UnitHeater " +
                                                 state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Hot Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Hot Water Flow of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Maximum Hot Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Hot Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -1306,10 +1318,9 @@ namespace UnitHeater {
                                 if ((std::abs(MaxVolHotSteamFlowDes - MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser) / MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeUnitHeater: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:UnitHeater " +
                                                 state.dataUnitHeaters->UnitHeat(UnitHeatNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Steam Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Steam Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotSteamFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Steam Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("differs from Design Size Maximum Steam Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotSteamFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/UnitVentilator.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/UnitVentilator.cc
index acd6b23e84a..a6eee0083a9 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/UnitVentilator.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/UnitVentilator.cc
@@ -160,7 +160,6 @@ namespace UnitVentilator {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataSizing::ZoneEqUnitVent;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int UnitVentNum; // index of unit ventilator being simulated
@@ -181,13 +180,19 @@ namespace UnitVentilator {
         } else {
             UnitVentNum = CompIndex;
             if (UnitVentNum > state.dataUnitVentilators->NumOfUnitVents || UnitVentNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimUnitVentilator:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(UnitVentNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataUnitVentilators->NumOfUnitVents) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimUnitVentilator:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      UnitVentNum,
+                                      state.dataUnitVentilators->NumOfUnitVents,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataUnitVentilators->CheckEquipName(UnitVentNum)) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimUnitVentilator: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(UnitVentNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimUnitVentilator: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          UnitVentNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataUnitVentilators->CheckEquipName(UnitVentNum) = false;
             }
@@ -255,7 +260,7 @@ namespace UnitVentilator {
         using DataSizing::AutoSize;
         using DataSizing::ZoneHVACSizing;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using SingleDuct::GetATMixer;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -477,10 +482,12 @@ namespace UnitVentilator {
                                 if (FanVolFlow != AutoSize && state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).MaxAirVolFlow != AutoSize &&
                                     FanVolFlow < state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).MaxAirVolFlow) {
                                     ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).Name + "\"");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...air flow rate [" + TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlow, 7) + "] in fan object " +
-                                                      state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).FanName +
-                                                      " is less than the unit ventilator maximum supply air flow rate [" +
-                                                      TrimSigDigits(state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).MaxAirVolFlow, 7) + "].");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("...air flow rate [{:.7T}] in fan object {} is less than the unit ventilator maximum "
+                                                             "supply air flow rate [{:.7T}].",
+                                                             FanVolFlow,
+                                                             state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).FanName,
+                                                             state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).MaxAirVolFlow));
                                     ShowContinueError(state,
                                         "...the fan flow rate must be greater than or equal to the unit ventilator maximum supply air flow rate.");
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -517,9 +524,13 @@ namespace UnitVentilator {
                     if (FanVolFlow != AutoSize && state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).MaxAirVolFlow != AutoSize &&
                         FanVolFlow < state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).MaxAirVolFlow) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...air flow rate [" + TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlow, 7) + "] in fan object " + state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).FanName +
-                                          " is less than the unit ventilator maximum supply air flow rate [" +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).MaxAirVolFlow, 7) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format(
+                                "...air flow rate [{:.7T}] in fan object {} is less than the unit ventilator maximum supply air flow rate [{:.7T}].",
+                                FanVolFlow,
+                                state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).FanName,
+                                state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).MaxAirVolFlow));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...the fan flow rate must be greater than or equal to the unit ventilator maximum supply air flow rate.");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else if (FanVolFlow == AutoSize && state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).MaxAirVolFlow != AutoSize) {
@@ -1555,8 +1566,7 @@ namespace UnitVentilator {
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::GetHXCoilType;
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::GetHXDXCoilName;
         using PlantUtilities::MyPlantSizingIndex;
@@ -1988,10 +1998,9 @@ namespace UnitVentilator {
                             if ((std::abs(OutAirVolFlowDes - OutAirVolFlowUser) / OutAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeUnitVentilator: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + state.dataUnitVentilators->cMO_UnitVentilator + ' ' +
                                             state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(OutAirVolFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(OutAirVolFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", OutAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", OutAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -2042,10 +2051,10 @@ namespace UnitVentilator {
                             if ((std::abs(MinOutAirVolFlowDes - MinOutAirVolFlowUser) / MinOutAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeUnitVentilator: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + state.dataUnitVentilators->cMO_UnitVentilator + ' ' +
                                             state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Minimum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MinOutAirVolFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Minimum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MinOutAirVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("User-Specified Minimum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MinOutAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Minimum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MinOutAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -2174,10 +2183,10 @@ namespace UnitVentilator {
                                 if ((std::abs(MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes - MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser) / MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeUnitVentilator: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + state.dataUnitVentilators->cMO_UnitVentilator + ' ' +
                                                 state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Hot Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Hot Water Flow of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Maximum Hot Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Hot Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -2292,10 +2301,9 @@ namespace UnitVentilator {
                                 if ((std::abs(MaxVolHotSteamFlowDes - MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser) / MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeUnitVentilator: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + state.dataUnitVentilators->cMO_UnitVentilator + ' ' +
                                                 state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Steam Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Steam Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotSteamFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Steam Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("differs from Design Size Maximum Steam Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotSteamFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -2413,8 +2421,8 @@ namespace UnitVentilator {
                                     ShowWarningError(state, "Autosizing of water flow resulted in negative value.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + state.dataUnitVentilators->cMO_UnitVentilator + " Object=" + state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).Name);
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Sizing information found during sizing simulation:");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Calculated coil design load = " + TrimSigDigits(DesCoolingLoad, 3) + " W");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Calculated water flow rate  = " + TrimSigDigits(MaxVolColdWaterFlowDes, 3) + " m3/s");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Calculated coil design load = {:.3T} W", DesCoolingLoad));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Calculated water flow rate  = {:.3T} m3/s", MaxVolColdWaterFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Water flow rate will be set to 0. Check sizing inputs for zone and plant, inputs for water "
                                                       "cooling coil object, and design day specifications.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Consider autosizing all inputs if not already doing so.");
@@ -2443,10 +2451,10 @@ namespace UnitVentilator {
                                     AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeUnitVentilator: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + state.dataUnitVentilators->cMO_UnitVentilator + ' ' +
                                                 state.dataUnitVentilators->UnitVent(UnitVentNum).Name);
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Cold Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolColdWaterFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Cold Water Flow of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxVolColdWaterFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Maximum Cold Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolColdWaterFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Cold Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolColdWaterFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/UnitarySystem.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/UnitarySystem.cc
index 8d801075337..171bb052c9f 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/UnitarySystem.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/UnitarySystem.cc
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/Coils/CoilCoolingDX.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DXCoils.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataAirLoop.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataGlobals.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHVACControllers.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHVACSystems.hh>
@@ -417,8 +416,10 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                         }
                     } else if (numSpeedInputs < maxSpeeds) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + ": Error getting inputs for system named: " + thisObjectName);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Number of speed inputs (" + General::TrimSigDigits(Real64(numSpeedInputs), 0) +
-                                          " is less than number of speeds (" + General::TrimSigDigits(Real64(maxSpeeds), 0) + ").");
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Number of speed inputs ({:.0T} is less than number of speeds ({:.0T}).",
+                                                 Real64(numSpeedInputs),
+                                                 Real64(maxSpeeds)));
                         errorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -537,10 +538,9 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...For fan type and name = " + FanType + " \"" + FanName + "\"");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Fan power ratio function of speed ratio curve has no impact if fan volumetric flow rate is the "
                                                   "same as the unitary system volumetric flow rate.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...Fan volumetric flow rate            = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(this->m_ActualFanVolFlowRate, 5) + " m3/s.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                    "...Unitary system volumetric flow rate = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow, 5) + " m3/s.");
+                                                  format("...Fan volumetric flow rate            = {:.5R} m3/s.", this->m_ActualFanVolFlowRate));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Unitary system volumetric flow rate = {:.5R} m3/s.", this->m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow));
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -2239,8 +2239,10 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Design specification object = " + state.dataUnitarySystems->designSpecMSHP[MSHPIndex].name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "When control type = SetPointBased the outlet air temperature must change with coil capacity, if "
                                                   "air flow also changes outlet air temperature will be relatively constant.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Speed " + General::TrimSigDigits(Iter) +
-                                                  " Supply Air Flow Ratio During Heating Operation will be set = 1.0 and the simulation continues");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("Speed {} Supply Air Flow Ratio During Heating Operation will be set = 1.0 and the simulation continues",
+                                           Iter));
                                 state.dataUnitarySystems->designSpecMSHP[MSHPIndex].heatingVolFlowRatio[Iter - 1] = 1.0;
                             }
                         }
@@ -2737,8 +2739,9 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                 ShowContinueError(state, " For SingleZoneVAV control the No Load Supply Air Flow Rate must be less than both the cooling and heating supply "
                                   "air flow rates.");
                 this->m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow = min(this->m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow, this->m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow) - 0.01;
-                ShowContinueError(state, " The SingleZoneVAV control No Load Supply Air Flow Rate is reset to " +
-                                  General::TrimSigDigits(this->m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow, 5) + " and the simulation continues.");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(" The SingleZoneVAV control No Load Supply Air Flow Rate is reset to {:.5T} and the simulation continues.",
+                                         this->m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow));
             }
         }
 
@@ -5522,8 +5525,7 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                 }
                 if (thisSys.m_ControlType != ControlType::CCMASHRAE && thisSys.DesignMinOutletTemp > 7.5) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Invalid entry for Minimum Supply Air Temperature = " +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.DesignMinOutletTemp, 4));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Invalid entry for Minimum Supply Air Temperature = {:.4R}", thisSys.DesignMinOutletTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "The minimum supply air temperature will be limited to 7.5C and the simulation continues.");
                     thisSys.DesignMinOutletTemp = 7.5;
                 }
@@ -5864,8 +5866,9 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= DataHVACGlobals::SmallAirVolFlow && thisSys.m_CoolCoilExists) {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate Method = SupplyAirFlowRate.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow, 7) + " when cooling coil is present.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Suspicious Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate = {:.7R} when cooling coil is present.",
+                                                         thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow));
                             }
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                         }
@@ -5885,9 +5888,10 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= 0.0001 && thisSys.m_CoolCoilExists) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate Method = FlowPerFloorArea.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate Per Floor Area = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow, 7) +
-                                                  " [m3/s/m2] when cooling coil is present.");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("Suspicious Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate Per Floor Area = {:.7R} [m3/s/m2] when cooling coil is present.",
+                                           thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow));
                                 if (thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                             }
                             thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow *= TotalFloorAreaOnAirLoop;
@@ -5914,9 +5918,10 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= DataHVACGlobals::SmallAirVolFlow && thisSys.m_CoolCoilExists) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate Method = FractionOfAutosizedCoolingValue.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious Cooling Fraction of Autosized Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow, 7) +
-                                                  " [m3/s/m3] when cooling coil is present.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Suspicious Cooling Fraction of Autosized Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate = {:.7R} [m3/s/m3] "
+                                                         "when cooling coil is present.",
+                                                         thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow));
                                 if (thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                             }
                             thisSys.m_RequestAutoSize = true;
@@ -5942,9 +5947,10 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow <= 0.00001 && thisSys.m_CoolCoilExists) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate Method = FlowPerCoolingCapacity.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate Per Unit of Capacity = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow, 7) +
-                                                  " [m3/s/W] when cooling coil is present.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Suspicious Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate Per Unit of Capacity = {:.7R} [m3/s/W] when "
+                                                         "cooling coil is present.",
+                                                         thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow));
                                 if (thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                             }
                             thisSys.m_RequestAutoSize = true;
@@ -5992,8 +5998,9 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= DataHVACGlobals::SmallAirVolFlow && thisSys.m_HeatCoilExists) {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for Heating Supply Air Flow Rate Method = SupplyAirFlowRate.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious Heating Supply Air Flow Rate = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow, 7) + " when heating coil is present.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Suspicious Heating Supply Air Flow Rate = {:.7R} when heating coil is present.",
+                                                         thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow));
                             }
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                         }
@@ -6011,9 +6018,10 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= 0.0001 && thisSys.m_HeatCoilExists) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for Heating Supply Air Flow Rate Method = FlowPerFloorArea.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious Heating Supply Air Flow Rate Per Floor Area = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow, 7) +
-                                                  " [m3/s/m2] when heating coil is present.");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("Suspicious Heating Supply Air Flow Rate Per Floor Area = {:.7R} [m3/s/m2] when heating coil is present.",
+                                           thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow));
                             }
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                             thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow *= TotalFloorAreaOnAirLoop;
@@ -6039,9 +6047,10 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= DataHVACGlobals::SmallAirVolFlow && thisSys.m_HeatCoilExists) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for Heating Supply Air Flow Rate Method = FractionOfAutosizedHeatingValue.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious Heating Fraction of Autosized Heating Supply Air Flow Rate = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow, 7) +
-                                                  " [m3/s/m3] when heating coil is present.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Suspicious Heating Fraction of Autosized Heating Supply Air Flow Rate = {:.7R} [m3/s/m3] "
+                                                         "when heating coil is present.",
+                                                         thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow));
                                 if (thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                             }
                             thisSys.m_RequestAutoSize = true;
@@ -6066,9 +6075,10 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow <= 0.00001 && thisSys.m_HeatCoilExists) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for Heating Supply Air Flow Rate Method = FlowPerHeatingCapacity.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious Heating Supply Air Flow Rate Per Unit of Capacity = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow, 7) +
-                                                  " [m3/s/W] when heating coil is present.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Suspicious Heating Supply Air Flow Rate Per Unit of Capacity = {:.7R} [m3/s/W] when "
+                                                         "heating coil is present.",
+                                                         thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow));
                                 if (thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                             }
                             thisSys.m_RequestAutoSize = true;
@@ -6115,8 +6125,7 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Method = SupplyAirFlowRate");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal No Load Supply Air Flow Rate = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow, 7));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Illegal No Load Supply Air Flow Rate = {:.7R}", thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow));
                                 errorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -6135,8 +6144,9 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow <= 0.0001) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Method = FlowPerFloorArea.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Per Floor Area = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow, 7) + " [m3/s/m2]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Suspicious No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Per Floor Area = {:.7R} [m3/s/m2]",
+                                                         thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow));
                             }
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                             thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow *= TotalFloorAreaOnAirLoop;
@@ -6162,8 +6172,11 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow <= DataHVACGlobals::SmallAirVolFlow) {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Method = FractionOfAutosizedCoolingValue.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Per Unit of Capacity During Cooling Operation = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow, 7) + " [m3/s/m3].");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format(
+                                        "Suspicious No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Per Unit of Capacity During Cooling Operation = {:.7R} [m3/s/m3].",
+                                        thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow));
                                 if (thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                             }
                             thisSys.m_RequestAutoSize = true;
@@ -6189,8 +6202,11 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow <= DataHVACGlobals::SmallAirVolFlow) {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Method = FractionOfAutosizedHeatingValue.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Per Unit of Capacity During Heating Operation = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow, 7) + " [m3/s/m3].");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format(
+                                        "Suspicious No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Per Unit of Capacity During Heating Operation = {:.7R} [m3/s/m3].",
+                                        thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow));
                                 if (thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                             }
                             thisSys.m_RequestAutoSize = true;
@@ -6216,8 +6232,10 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow <= 0.00001 && thisSys.m_CoolCoilExists) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Method = FlowPerCoolingCapacity.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Per Unit of Capacity During Cooling Operation = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow, 7) + " [m3/s/W].");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("Suspicious No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Per Unit of Capacity During Cooling Operation = {:.7R} [m3/s/W].",
+                                           thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow));
                                 if (thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                             }
                             thisSys.m_RequestAutoSize = true;
@@ -6242,8 +6260,10 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow <= 0.00001 && thisSys.m_HeatCoilExists) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Input for No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Method = FlowPerHeatingCapacity.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Suspicious No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Per Unit of Capacity During Heating Operation = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow, 7) + " [m3/s/W].");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("Suspicious No Load Supply Air Flow Rate Per Unit of Capacity During Heating Operation = {:.7R} [m3/s/W].",
+                                           thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow));
                                 if (thisSys.m_MaxNoCoolHeatAirVolFlow < 0.0) errorsFound = true;
                             }
                             thisSys.m_RequestAutoSize = true;
@@ -6599,8 +6619,11 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                     if (FanVolFlowRate < thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow && thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize &&
                         thisSys.m_CoolCoilExists) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlowRate, 7) + " in fan object " + thisSys.m_FanName +
-                                          " is less than the maximum HVAC system air flow rate in cooling mode.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("... air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum HVAC system air flow rate in cooling mode.",
+                                   FanVolFlowRate,
+                                   thisSys.m_FanName));
                         ShowContinueError(state, " The Cooling Supply Air Flow Rate is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                         thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow = FanVolFlowRate;
                         thisSys.m_DesignFanVolFlowRate = FanVolFlowRate;
@@ -6608,8 +6631,11 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                     if (FanVolFlowRate < thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow && thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize &&
                         thisSys.m_HeatCoilExists) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + thisObjectName);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlowRate, 7) + " in fan object " + thisSys.m_FanName +
-                                          " is less than the maximum HVAC system air flow rate in heating mode.");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("... air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum HVAC system air flow rate in heating mode.",
+                                   FanVolFlowRate,
+                                   thisSys.m_FanName));
                         ShowContinueError(state, " The Heating Supply Air Flow Rate is reset to the fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                         thisSys.m_MaxHeatAirVolFlow = FanVolFlowRate;
                         thisSys.m_DesignFanVolFlowRate = FanVolFlowRate;
@@ -6762,8 +6788,7 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Illegal Heat Recovery Water Outlet Node Name = " + loc_heatRecoveryOutletNodeName);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "... heat recovery nodes must be specified when Design Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate"
                                           " is greater than 0.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "... Design Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate = " +
-                                          General::RoundSigDigits(thisSys.m_DesignHRWaterVolumeFlow, 7));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("... Design Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate = {:.7R}", thisSys.m_DesignHRWaterVolumeFlow));
                         errorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -8911,9 +8936,11 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                                     if (this->MaxIterIndex == 0) {
                                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "Coil control failed to converge for " + this->UnitType + ':' + this->Name);
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating system sensible part-load ratio.");
-                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ZoneLoad, 2) +
-                                                                   " (watts), sensible output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(TempSensOutput, 2) +
-                                                                   " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
+                                                                   format("Sensible load to be met = {:.2T} (watts), sensible output = {:.2T} "
+                                                                          "(watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                                                          ZoneLoad,
+                                                                          TempSensOutput));
                                     }
                                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, this->UnitType + " \"" + this->Name +
                                                                        "\" - Iteration limit exceeded in calculating sensible part-load ratio error "
@@ -8926,8 +8953,8 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                                 if (this->RegulaFalsiFailedIndex == 0) {
                                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Coil control failed for " + this->UnitType + ':' + this->Name);
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "  sensible part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of 0-1.");
-                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ZoneLoad, 2) +
-                                                               " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                        state, format("Sensible load to be met = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.", ZoneLoad));
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                                     this->UnitType + " \"" + this->Name +
@@ -8940,8 +8967,8 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                             if (this->RegulaFalsiFailedIndex == 0) {
                                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "Coil control failed for " + this->UnitType + ':' + this->Name);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "  sensible part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of 0-1.");
-                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Sensible load to be met = " + General::TrimSigDigits(ZoneLoad, 2) +
-                                                           " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                                    state, format("Sensible load to be met = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.", ZoneLoad));
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                                 this->UnitType + " \"" + this->Name +
@@ -9312,9 +9339,11 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                     if (this->warnIndex.m_LatMaxIterIndex == 0) {
                         ShowWarningMessage(state, "Coil control failed to converge for " + this->UnitType + ':' + this->Name);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "  Iteration limit exceeded in calculating system Latent part-load ratio.");
-                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Latent load to be met = " + General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataUnitarySystems->MoistureLoad, 2) +
-                                                   " (watts), Latent output = " + General::TrimSigDigits(TempLatOutput, 2) +
-                                                   " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                            state,
+                            format("Latent load to be met = {:.2T} (watts), Latent output = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.",
+                                   state.dataUnitarySystems->MoistureLoad,
+                                   TempLatOutput));
                     }
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
                         this->UnitType + " \"" + this->Name +
@@ -9327,8 +9356,9 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                 if (this->warnIndex.m_LatRegulaFalsiFailedIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Coil control failed for " + this->UnitType + ':' + this->Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "  Latent part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of 0-1.");
-                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Latent load to be met = " + General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataUnitarySystems->MoistureLoad, 2) +
-                                               " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                        state,
+                        format("Latent load to be met = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.", state.dataUnitarySystems->MoistureLoad));
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, this->UnitType + " \"" + this->Name +
                                                    "\" - Latent part-load ratio out of range error continues. Latent load statistics:",
@@ -9340,8 +9370,8 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
             if (this->warnIndex.m_LatRegulaFalsiFailedIndex == 0) {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "Coil control failed for " + this->UnitType + ':' + this->Name);
                 ShowContinueError(state, "  Latent part-load ratio determined to be outside the range of 0-1.");
-                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Latent load to be met = " + General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataUnitarySystems->MoistureLoad, 2) +
-                                           " (watts), and the simulation continues.");
+                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(
+                    state, format("Latent load to be met = {:.2T} (watts), and the simulation continues.", state.dataUnitarySystems->MoistureLoad));
             }
             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, this->UnitType + " \"" + this->Name +
                                                "\" - Latent part-load ratio out of range error continues. Latent load statistics:",
@@ -11737,9 +11767,8 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                                             ShowWarningError(state,
                                                 this->UnitType +
                                                 " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit sensible part-load ratio for unit = " + this->Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio   = " +
-                                                              General::RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio   = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                 "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                         }
@@ -11760,7 +11789,7 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                                                              " - DX unit sensible part-load ratio calculation unexpectedly failed: part-load ratio "
                                                              "limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                              this->Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                 "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                         }
@@ -11782,7 +11811,7 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                                                          " - DX unit sensible part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits "
                                                          "exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                          this->Name);
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                             "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                     }
@@ -12154,9 +12183,9 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                                                     this->UnitType +
                                                     " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating DX unit latent part-load ratio for unit = " +
                                                     this->Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated latent part-load ratio  = " +
-                                                                  General::RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated latent part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                                  format("Estimated latent part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated latent part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The calculated latent part-load ratio will be used and the simulation "
                                                                            "continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -12179,7 +12208,7 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                                                                  " - DX unit latent part-load ratio calculation failed unexpectedly: part-load ratio "
                                                                  "limits exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                                  this->Name);
-                                                ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                     "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                             }
@@ -12201,7 +12230,7 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                                                              " - DX unit latent part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits "
                                                              "exceeded, for unit = " +
                                                              this->Name);
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
                                                 "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                                         }
@@ -12417,8 +12446,8 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                 if (this->warnIndex.m_SensPLRIter < 1) {
                     ++this->warnIndex.m_SensPLRIter;
                     ShowWarningError(state, this->UnitType + " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating part-load ratio for unit = " + this->Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + General::RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -12436,7 +12465,7 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                     ++this->warnIndex.m_SensPLRFail;
                     ShowWarningError(state, this->UnitType +
                                      " - sensible part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " + this->Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -12454,8 +12483,8 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                 if (this->warnIndex.m_LatPLRIter < 1) {
                     ++this->warnIndex.m_LatPLRIter;
                     ShowWarningError(state, this->UnitType + " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating latent part-load ratio for unit = " + this->Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio   = " + General::RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio   = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -12477,7 +12506,7 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                     ++this->warnIndex.m_LatPLRFail;
                     ShowWarningError(state, this->UnitType +
                                      " - latent part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " + this->Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, this->UnitType + " \"" + this->Name +
@@ -13097,8 +13126,8 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                         ++this->warnIndex.m_HeatCoilSensPLRIter;
                         ShowWarningError(state, this->UnitType +
                                          " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating sensible part-load ratio for unit = " + this->Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + General::RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                     } else {
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, this->UnitType + " \"" + this->Name +
@@ -13116,7 +13145,7 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                         ++this->warnIndex.m_HeatCoilSensPLRFail;
                         ShowWarningError(state, this->UnitType +
                                          " - sensible part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " + this->Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                     } else {
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -13472,8 +13501,8 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                 if (this->warnIndex.m_SuppHeatCoilSensPLRIter < 1) {
                     ++this->warnIndex.m_SuppHeatCoilSensPLRIter;
                     ShowWarningError(state, this->UnitType + " - Iteration limit exceeded calculating sensible part-load ratio for unit = " + this->Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio  = " + General::RoundSigDigits((ReqOutput / FullOutput), 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Calculated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio  = {:.3R}", (ReqOutput / FullOutput)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Calculated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The calculated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -13491,7 +13520,7 @@ namespace UnitarySystems {
                     ++this->warnIndex.m_SuppHeatCoilSensPLRFail;
                     ShowWarningError(state, this->UnitType +
                                      " - sensible part-load ratio calculation failed: part-load ratio limits exceeded, for unit = " + this->Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Estimated part-load ratio = " + General::RoundSigDigits(PartLoadFrac, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Estimated part-load ratio = {:.3R}", PartLoadFrac));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "The estimated part-load ratio will be used and the simulation continues. Occurrence info:");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/UserDefinedComponents.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/UserDefinedComponents.cc
index 275b62599f1..c5050b40f55 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/UserDefinedComponents.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/UserDefinedComponents.cc
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneEquipment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/EMSManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/FluidProperties.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GlobalNames.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HeatBalanceInternalHeatGains.hh>
@@ -146,9 +145,11 @@ namespace UserDefinedComponents {
 
         } else {
             // throw warning
-            ShowFatalError(state, "SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: did not find where called from loop number called from =" +
-                           General::TrimSigDigits(calledFromLocation.loopNum) +
-                           " , loop side called from =" + General::TrimSigDigits(calledFromLocation.loopSideNum));
+            ShowFatalError(
+                state,
+                format("SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: did not find where called from loop number called from ={} , loop side called from ={}",
+                       calledFromLocation.loopNum,
+                       calledFromLocation.loopSideNum));
         }
     }
 
@@ -246,13 +247,20 @@ namespace UserDefinedComponents {
         } else {
             CompNum = CompIndex;
             if (CompNum < 1 || CompNum > state.dataUserDefinedComponents->NumUserCoils) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                               ", Number of units =" + General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataUserDefinedComponents->NumUserCoils) + ", Entered Unit name = " + EquipName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of units ={}, Entered Unit name = {}",
+                                      CompNum,
+                                      state.dataUserDefinedComponents->NumUserCoils,
+                                      EquipName));
             }
             if (state.dataUserDefinedComponents->CheckUserCoilName(CompNum)) {
                 if (EquipName != state.dataUserDefinedComponents->UserCoil(CompNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                                   ", Unit name=" + EquipName + ", stored unit name for that index=" + state.dataUserDefinedComponents->UserCoil(CompNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored unit name for that index={}",
+                               CompNum,
+                               EquipName,
+                               state.dataUserDefinedComponents->UserCoil(CompNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataUserDefinedComponents->CheckUserCoilName(CompNum) = false;
             }
@@ -336,13 +344,20 @@ namespace UserDefinedComponents {
         } else {
             CompNum = CompIndex;
             if (CompNum < 1 || CompNum > state.dataUserDefinedComponents->NumUserZoneAir) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                               ", Number of units =" + General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataUserDefinedComponents->NumUserZoneAir) + ", Entered Unit name = " + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of units ={}, Entered Unit name = {}",
+                                      CompNum,
+                                      state.dataUserDefinedComponents->NumUserZoneAir,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataUserDefinedComponents->CheckUserZoneAirName(CompNum)) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataUserDefinedComponents->UserZoneAirHVAC(CompNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                                   ", Unit name=" + CompName + ", stored unit name for that index=" + state.dataUserDefinedComponents->UserZoneAirHVAC(CompNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored unit name for that index={}",
+                               CompNum,
+                               CompName,
+                               state.dataUserDefinedComponents->UserZoneAirHVAC(CompNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataUserDefinedComponents->CheckUserZoneAirName(CompNum) = false;
             }
@@ -436,13 +451,20 @@ namespace UserDefinedComponents {
         } else {
             CompNum = CompIndex;
             if (CompNum < 1 || CompNum > state.dataUserDefinedComponents->NumUserAirTerminals) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                               ", Number of units =" + General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataUserDefinedComponents->NumUserAirTerminals) + ", Entered Unit name = " + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of units ={}, Entered Unit name = {}",
+                                      CompNum,
+                                      state.dataUserDefinedComponents->NumUserAirTerminals,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataUserDefinedComponents->CheckUserAirTerminal(CompNum)) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataUserDefinedComponents->UserAirTerminal(CompNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                                   ", Unit name=" + CompName + ", stored unit name for that index=" + state.dataUserDefinedComponents->UserAirTerminal(CompNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SimUserDefinedPlantComponent: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored unit name for that index={}",
+                               CompNum,
+                               CompName,
+                               state.dataUserDefinedComponents->UserAirTerminal(CompNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataUserDefinedComponents->CheckUserAirTerminal(CompNum) = false;
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.cc
index 5c06c5a1fda..26ba8391478 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/UtilityRoutines.cc
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ namespace UtilityRoutines {
         using BranchNodeConnections::TestCompSetInletOutletNodes;
         using ExternalInterface::CloseSocket;
         using ExternalInterface::NumExternalInterfaces;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::CheckMarkedNodes;
         using NodeInputManager::SetupNodeVarsForReporting;
         using PlantManager::CheckPlantOnAbort;
@@ -805,7 +805,7 @@ namespace UtilityRoutines {
         using ExternalInterface::CloseSocket;
         using ExternalInterface::haveExternalInterfaceBCVTB;
         using ExternalInterface::NumExternalInterfaces;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using SolarShading::ReportSurfaceErrors;
 
         std::string NumWarnings;
@@ -826,24 +826,24 @@ namespace UtilityRoutines {
         ShowRecurringErrors(state);
         SummarizeErrors(state);
         CloseMiscOpenFiles(state);
-        NumWarnings = RoundSigDigits(TotalWarningErrors);
+        NumWarnings = fmt::to_string(TotalWarningErrors);
         strip(NumWarnings);
-        NumSevere = RoundSigDigits(TotalSevereErrors);
+        NumSevere = fmt::to_string(TotalSevereErrors);
         strip(NumSevere);
-        NumWarningsDuringWarmup = RoundSigDigits(TotalWarningErrorsDuringWarmup);
+        NumWarningsDuringWarmup = fmt::to_string(TotalWarningErrorsDuringWarmup);
         strip(NumWarningsDuringWarmup);
-        NumSevereDuringWarmup = RoundSigDigits(TotalSevereErrorsDuringWarmup);
+        NumSevereDuringWarmup = fmt::to_string(TotalSevereErrorsDuringWarmup);
         strip(NumSevereDuringWarmup);
-        NumWarningsDuringSizing = RoundSigDigits(TotalWarningErrorsDuringSizing);
+        NumWarningsDuringSizing = fmt::to_string(TotalWarningErrorsDuringSizing);
         strip(NumWarningsDuringSizing);
-        NumSevereDuringSizing = RoundSigDigits(TotalSevereErrorsDuringSizing);
+        NumSevereDuringSizing = fmt::to_string(TotalSevereErrorsDuringSizing);
         strip(NumSevereDuringSizing);
 
         Time_Finish = epElapsedTime();
         if (Time_Finish < Time_Start) Time_Finish += 24.0 * 3600.0;
         Elapsed_Time = Time_Finish - Time_Start;
         if (state.dataGlobal->createPerfLog) {
-            UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Run Time [seconds]", RoundSigDigits(Elapsed_Time, 2));
+            UtilityRoutines::appendPerfLog(state, "Run Time [seconds]", format("{:.2R}", Elapsed_Time));
         }
 #ifdef EP_Detailed_Timings
         epStopTime("EntireRun=");
@@ -1038,13 +1038,12 @@ namespace UtilityRoutines {
         // Calls AbortEnergyPlus
 
         using namespace DataErrorTracking;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         ShowErrorMessage(state, " **  Fatal  ** " + ErrorMessage, OutUnit1, OutUnit2);
         DisplayString(state, "**FATAL:" + ErrorMessage);
 
         ShowErrorMessage(state, " ...Summary of Errors that led to program termination:", OutUnit1, OutUnit2);
-        ShowErrorMessage(state, " ..... Reference severe error count=" + RoundSigDigits(TotalSevereErrors), OutUnit1, OutUnit2);
+        ShowErrorMessage(state, format(" ..... Reference severe error count={}", TotalSevereErrors), OutUnit1, OutUnit2);
         ShowErrorMessage(state, " ..... Last severe error=" + LastSevereError, OutUnit1, OutUnit2);
         if (sqlite) {
             sqlite->createSQLiteErrorRecord(1, 2, ErrorMessage, 1);
@@ -1681,7 +1680,7 @@ namespace UtilityRoutines {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataErrorTracking;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::strip_trailing_zeros;
 
         static std::string const StatMessageStart(" **   ~~~   ** ");
@@ -1713,9 +1712,9 @@ namespace UtilityRoutines {
 
                     ShowMessage(state, "");
                     ShowMessage(state, error.Message);
-                    ShowMessage(state, StatMessageStart + "  This error occurred " + RoundSigDigits(error.Count) + " total times;");
-                    ShowMessage(state, StatMessageStart + "  during Warmup " + RoundSigDigits(error.WarmupCount) + " times;");
-                    ShowMessage(state, StatMessageStart + "  during Sizing " + RoundSigDigits(error.SizingCount) + " times.");
+                    ShowMessage(state, format("{}  This error occurred {} total times;", StatMessageStart, error.Count));
+                    ShowMessage(state, format("{}  during Warmup {} times;", StatMessageStart, error.WarmupCount));
+                    ShowMessage(state, format("{}  during Sizing {} times.", StatMessageStart, error.SizingCount));
                     if (sqlite) {
                         if (warning) {
                             sqlite->createSQLiteErrorRecord(1, 0, error.Message.substr(15), error.Count);
@@ -1734,19 +1733,19 @@ namespace UtilityRoutines {
                 }
                 StatMessage = "";
                 if (error.ReportMax) {
-                    MaxOut = RoundSigDigits(error.MaxValue, 6);
+                    MaxOut = format("{:.6R}", error.MaxValue);
                     strip_trailing_zeros(MaxOut);
                     StatMessage += "  Max=" + MaxOut;
                     if (!error.MaxUnits.empty()) StatMessage += ' ' + error.MaxUnits;
                 }
                 if (error.ReportMin) {
-                    MinOut = RoundSigDigits(error.MinValue, 6);
+                    MinOut = format("{:.6R}", error.MinValue);
                     strip_trailing_zeros(MinOut);
                     StatMessage += "  Min=" + MinOut;
                     if (!error.MinUnits.empty()) StatMessage += ' ' + error.MinUnits;
                 }
                 if (error.ReportSum) {
-                    SumOut = RoundSigDigits(error.SumValue, 6);
+                    SumOut = format("{:.6R}", error.SumValue);
                     strip_trailing_zeros(SumOut);
                     StatMessage += "  Sum=" + SumOut;
                     if (!error.SumUnits.empty()) StatMessage += ' ' + error.SumUnits;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/VariableSpeedCoils.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/VariableSpeedCoils.cc
index a37c7b5847e..a05de57e789 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/VariableSpeedCoils.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/VariableSpeedCoils.cc
@@ -106,7 +106,6 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
     using DataPlant::TypeOf_CoilVSWAHPHeatingEquationFit;
     using DXCoils::AdjustCBF;
     using DXCoils::CalcCBF;
-    using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
     static std::string const BlankString;
 
@@ -138,7 +137,6 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using FluidProperties::FindGlycol;
         using General::SolveRoot;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int DXCoilNum;            // The WatertoAirHP that you are currently loading input into
@@ -161,12 +159,19 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
         } else {
             DXCoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (DXCoilNum > state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->NumVarSpeedCoils || DXCoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimVariableSpeedCoils: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of Water to Air HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->NumVarSpeedCoils) + ", WaterToAir HP name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimVariableSpeedCoils: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Water to Air HPs={}, WaterToAir HP name={}",
+                                      DXCoilNum,
+                                      state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->NumVarSpeedCoils,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (!CompName.empty() && CompName != state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimVariableSpeedCoils: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(DXCoilNum) + ", WaterToAir HP name=" + CompName +
-                               ", stored WaterToAir HP Name for that index=" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format("SimVariableSpeedCoils: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, WaterToAir HP name={}, stored WaterToAir HP Name for that index={}",
+                           DXCoilNum,
+                           CompName,
+                           state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name));
             }
         }
 
@@ -263,7 +268,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
         using CurveManager::CurveValue;
         using CurveManager::GetCurveIndex;
         using CurveManager::SetCurveOutputMinMaxValues;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using OutAirNodeManager::CheckOutAirNodeNumber;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
         using WaterManager::SetupTankDemandComponent;
@@ -398,8 +403,9 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
 
             //   If (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum)%NumOfSpeeds .LT. 2) Then
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds < 1) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(1) + " must be >= 1. entered number is " + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(1), 0));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 1. entered number is {:.0T}", cNumericFields(1), NumArray(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -408,8 +414,9 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
             }
 
             if ((state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NormSpedLevel > state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds) || (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NormSpedLevel <= 0)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(2) + " must be valid speed level entered number is " + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(2), 0));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be valid speed level entered number is {:.0T}", cNumericFields(2), NumArray(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -429,7 +436,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                 if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(6) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -466,7 +473,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -496,7 +503,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -526,7 +533,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -556,7 +563,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -586,7 +593,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -616,7 +623,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -647,7 +654,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -777,8 +784,9 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
             TestCompSet(state, CurrentModuleObject, AlphArray(1), AlphArray(2), AlphArray(3), "Air Nodes");
 
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds < 1) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(1) + " must be >= 1. entered number is " + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(1), 0));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 1. entered number is {:.0T}", cNumericFields(1), NumArray(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -787,8 +795,9 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
             }
 
             if ((state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NormSpedLevel > state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds) || (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NormSpedLevel <= 0)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(2) + " must be valid speed level entered number is " + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(2), 0));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be valid speed level entered number is {:.0T}", cNumericFields(2), NumArray(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -808,7 +817,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                 if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(4) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -849,18 +858,20 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower = NumArray(7);
 
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondPumpElecNomPower < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(7) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(7), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", NumArray(7)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             // Set crankcase heater capacity
             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity = NumArray(8);
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(8) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(8), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", NumArray(8)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -902,9 +913,10 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
             //   Basin heater power as a function of temperature must be greater than or equal to 0
             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).BasinHeaterPowerFTempDiff = NumArray(11);
             if (NumArray(11) < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(11) + " must be >= 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(11), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", NumArray(11)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -913,7 +925,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                 if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).BasinHeaterSetPointTemp < 2.0) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", freeze possible");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(12) + " is < 2 {C}. Freezing could occur.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(12), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", NumArray(12)));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -935,9 +947,11 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
 
                 state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondEffect(I) = NumArray(18 + (I - 1) * 6);
                 if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondEffect(I) < 0.0 || state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).EvapCondEffect(I) > 1.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
+                                        "\", invalid");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(18 + (I - 1) * 6) + " cannot be < 0.0 or > 1.0.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(18 + (I - 1) * 6), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", NumArray(18 + (I - 1) * 6)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -966,7 +980,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -996,7 +1010,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1026,7 +1040,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1056,7 +1070,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1177,8 +1191,9 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
 
             //       If (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum)%NumOfSpeeds .LT. 2) Then
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds < 1) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(1) + " must be >= 1. entered number is " + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(1), 0));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 1. entered number is {:.0T}", cNumericFields(1), NumArray(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1187,8 +1202,9 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
             }
 
             if ((state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NormSpedLevel > state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds) || (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NormSpedLevel <= 0)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(2) + " must be valid speed level entered number is " + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(2), 0));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be valid speed level entered number is {:.0T}", cNumericFields(2), NumArray(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1208,7 +1224,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                 if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(6) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1244,7 +1260,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1274,7 +1290,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1304,7 +1320,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1334,7 +1350,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1364,7 +1380,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1394,7 +1410,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1425,7 +1441,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1523,8 +1539,9 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
             TestCompSet(state, CurrentModuleObject, AlphArray(1), AlphArray(2), AlphArray(3), "Air Nodes");
 
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds < 1) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(1) + " must be >= 1. entered number is " + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(1), 0));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 1. entered number is {:.0T}", cNumericFields(1), NumArray(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1533,8 +1550,9 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
             }
 
             if ((state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NormSpedLevel > state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds) || (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NormSpedLevel <= 0)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(2) + " must be valid speed level entered number is " + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(2), 0));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be valid speed level entered number is {:.0T}", cNumericFields(2), NumArray(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1554,7 +1572,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                 if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(4) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1612,9 +1630,10 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
             // Set crankcase heater capacity
             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity = NumArray(8);
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(9) + " cannot be < 0.0.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(9), 2) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...entered value=[{:.2T}].", NumArray(9)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1641,9 +1660,13 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                 state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(I) = NumArray(14 + (I - 1) * 3);
 
                 if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(I) < 1.e-10) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid value");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...too small " + cNumericFields(12 + (I - 1) * 3) + "=[" +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(I), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
+                                        "\", invalid value");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...too small {}=[{:.2R}].",
+                                             cNumericFields(12 + (I - 1) * 3),
+                                             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(I)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -1672,7 +1695,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1702,7 +1725,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1732,7 +1755,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1762,7 +1785,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", curve values");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) + " output is not equal to 1.0 (+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1850,11 +1873,9 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NormSpedLevel = int(NumArray(2));
 
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds < 1) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(1) +
-                                  " must be >= 1."
-                                  " entered number is " +
-                                  TrimSigDigits(NumArray(1), 0));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 1. entered number is {:.0T}", cNumericFields(1), NumArray(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1863,18 +1884,17 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
             }
 
             if ((state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NormSpedLevel > state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds) || (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NormSpedLevel <= 0)) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(2) +
-                                  " must be valid speed level"
-                                  " entered number is " +
-                                  TrimSigDigits(NumArray(2), 0));
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be valid speed level entered number is {:.0T}", cNumericFields(2), NumArray(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCapWH = NumArray(3);
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCapWH <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(3) + " must be > 0.0, entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(3), 2) + "].");
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0.0, entered value=[{:.2T}].", cNumericFields(3), NumArray(3)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1887,16 +1907,20 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
 
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedAirVolFlowRate != DataGlobalConstants::AutoCalculate()) {
                 if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedAirVolFlowRate <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(7) + " must be > 0.0.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(7), 3) + "].");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
+                                        "\", invalid");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0.0.  entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(7), NumArray(7)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
 
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedWaterVolFlowRate != DataGlobalConstants::AutoCalculate()) {
                 if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedWaterVolFlowRate <= 0.0) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(8) + " must be > 0.0  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(8), 3) + "].");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
+                                        "\", invalid");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be > 0.0  entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(8), NumArray(8)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -1942,8 +1966,9 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
 
             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).HPWHCondPumpFracToWater = NumArray(9);
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).HPWHCondPumpFracToWater <= 0.0 || state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).HPWHCondPumpFracToWater > 1.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(10) + " must be >= 0 and <= 1.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(9), 3) + "].");
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 0 and <= 1.  entered value=[{:.3T}].", cNumericFields(10), NumArray(9)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1974,15 +1999,17 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
 
             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity = NumArray(10);
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CrankcaseHeaterCapacity < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(10) + " must be >= 0.0  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(10), 1) + "].");
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 0.0  entered value=[{:.1T}].", cNumericFields(10), NumArray(10)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MaxOATCrankcaseHeater = NumArray(11);
             if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MaxOATCrankcaseHeater < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state,RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cNumericFields(11) + " must be >= 0 {C}.  entered value=[" + TrimSigDigits(NumArray(11), 1) + "].");
+                ShowSevereError(
+                    state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\", invalid");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...{} must be >= 0 {{C}}.  entered value=[{:.1T}].", cNumericFields(11), NumArray(11)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2025,7 +2052,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(10) +
                                       " output is not equal to 1.0 "
                                       "(+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -2064,7 +2091,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) +
                                               " output is not equal to 1.0 "
                                               "(+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -2096,7 +2123,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) +
                                               " output is not equal to 1.0 "
                                               "(+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -2128,7 +2155,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) +
                                               " output is not equal to 1.0 "
                                               "(+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -2160,7 +2187,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) +
                                               " output is not equal to 1.0 "
                                               "(+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -2192,7 +2219,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) +
                                               " output is not equal to 1.0 "
                                               "(+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -2224,7 +2251,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..." + cAlphaFields(AlfaFieldIncre) +
                                               " output is not equal to 1.0 "
                                               "(+ or - 10%) at rated conditions.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -3035,7 +3062,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::InitComponentNodes;
         using PlantUtilities::ScanPlantLoopsForObject;
         using PlantUtilities::SetComponentFlowRate;
@@ -3146,13 +3173,19 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                 for (Mode = 1; Mode <= state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds; ++Mode) {
                     // Check for zero capacity or zero max flow rate
                     if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode) <= 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state,"Sizing: " + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).VarSpeedCoilType + ' ' + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                        " has zero rated total capacity at speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("Sizing: {} {} has zero rated total capacity at speed {}",
+                                               state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).VarSpeedCoilType,
+                                               state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                               Mode));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode) <= 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state,"Sizing: " + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).VarSpeedCoilType + ' ' + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name +
-                                        " has zero rated air flow rate at speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("Sizing: {} {} has zero rated air flow rate at speed {}",
+                                               state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).VarSpeedCoilType,
+                                               state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                               Mode));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (ErrorsFound) {
@@ -3641,8 +3674,7 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallAirVolFlow;
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallLoad;
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::MyPlantSizingIndex;
         using PlantUtilities::RegisterPlantCompDesignFlow;
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
@@ -4058,9 +4090,9 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeVarSpeedCoil: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolHeatType + ' ' +
                                         CurrentObjSubfix);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Coil Name =" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Total Cooling Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedCapCoolTotalUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Total Cooling Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedCapCoolTotalDes, 2) +
-                                              " [W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Rated Total Cooling Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", RatedCapCoolTotalUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("differs from Design Size Rated Total Cooling Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", RatedCapCoolTotalDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -4159,8 +4191,8 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeVarSpeedCoil: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolHeatType + ' ' +
                                     CurrentObjSubfix);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Coil Name =" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Total Heating Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedCapHeatUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Total Heating Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedCapHeatDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Rated Total Heating Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", RatedCapHeatUser));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Rated Total Heating Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", RatedCapHeatDes));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                     }
@@ -4198,9 +4230,8 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeVarSpeedCoil: Potential issue with equipment sizing for" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolHeatType + ' ' +
                                         CurrentObjSubfix);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Coil Name =" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedAirVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedAirVolFlowRateDes, 5) +
-                                              " [m3/s]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Rated Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", RatedAirVolFlowRateUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Rated Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", RatedAirVolFlowRateDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -4226,9 +4257,13 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                                       ":WATERTOAIRHEATPUMP:VARIABLESPEEDEQUATIONFIT \"" +
                                       state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CompanionCoolingCoilNum).Name + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...heating capacity is disproportionate (> 20% different) to total cooling capacity");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...heating capacity = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCapHeat, 3) + " W");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "...cooling capacity = " +
-                                      TrimSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CompanionCoolingCoilNum).RatedCapCoolTotal, 3) + " W");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...heating capacity = {:.3T} W", state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCapHeat));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("...cooling capacity = {:.3T} W",
+                                             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils
+                                                 ->VarSpeedCoil(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CompanionCoolingCoilNum)
+                                                 .RatedCapCoolTotal));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -4447,11 +4482,17 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
             // equal to the flow rate at higher speed. Otherwise, a severe error is isssued.
             for (Mode = 1; Mode <= state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds - 1; ++Mode) {
                 if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedWaterVolFlowRate(Mode) > state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedWaterVolFlowRate(Mode + 1) * 1.05) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "SizeDXCoil: " + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).VarSpeedCoilType + ' ' + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + ", Speed " +
-                                     TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " Rated Air Flow Rate must be less than or equal to Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode + 1) +
-                                     " Rated Air Flow Rate.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode), 2) + " > " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode + 1), 2));
+                    ShowWarningError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SizeDXCoil: {} {}, Speed {} Rated Air Flow Rate must be less than or equal to Speed {} Rated Air Flow Rate.",
+                               state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).VarSpeedCoilType,
+                               state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                               Mode,
+                               Mode + 1));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}",
+                                             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode),
+                                             state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode + 1)));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
                 }
             }
@@ -4469,9 +4510,8 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeVarSpeedCoil: Potential issue with equipment sizing for" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolHeatType + ' ' +
                                     CurrentObjSubfix);
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Coil Name =" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Water Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedWaterVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Water Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedWaterVolFlowRateDes, 5) +
-                                          " [m3/s]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Rated Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", RatedWaterVolFlowRateUser));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Rated Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", RatedWaterVolFlowRateDes));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                     }
@@ -4531,24 +4571,37 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
         // Ensure air flow rate at lower speed must be lower or
         // equal to the flow rate at higher speed. Otherwise, a severe error is isssued.
         for (Mode = 1; Mode <= state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds - 1; ++Mode) {
-            if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode) > state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode + 1)) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "SizeDXCoil: " + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).VarSpeedCoilType + ' ' + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + ", Speed " +
-                                 TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " Rated Air Flow Rate must be less than or equal to Speed " + TrimSigDigits(Mode + 1) +
-                                 " Rated Air Flow Rate.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode), 2) + " > " +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode + 1), 2));
+            if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode) >
+                state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode + 1)) {
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("SizeDXCoil: {} {}, Speed {} Rated Air Flow Rate must be less than or equal to Speed {} Rated Air Flow Rate.",
+                                        state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).VarSpeedCoilType,
+                                        state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                        Mode,
+                                        Mode + 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}",
+                                         state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode),
+                                         state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedAirVolFlowRate(Mode + 1)));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
             }
         }
 
         // Ensure capacity at lower speed must be lower or equal to the capacity at higher speed.
         for (Mode = 1; Mode <= state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).NumOfSpeeds - 1; ++Mode) {
-            if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode) > state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode + 1)) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "SizeDXCoil: " + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).VarSpeedCoilType + ' ' + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + ", Speed " +
-                                 TrimSigDigits(Mode) + " Rated Total Cooling Capacity must be less than or equal to Speed " +
-                                 TrimSigDigits(Mode + 1) + " Rated Total Cooling Capacity.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Instead, " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode), 2) + " > " +
-                                  RoundSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode + 1), 2));
+            if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode) >
+                state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode + 1)) {
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("SizeDXCoil: {} {}, Speed {} Rated Total Cooling Capacity must be less than or equal to Speed {} Rated Total "
+                                        "Cooling Capacity.",
+                                        state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).VarSpeedCoilType,
+                                        state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name,
+                                        Mode,
+                                        Mode + 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("Instead, {:.2R} > {:.2R}",
+                                         state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode),
+                                         state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).MSRatedTotCap(Mode + 1)));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
             }
         }
@@ -4746,10 +4799,12 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeVarSpeedCoil: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolHeatType + ' ' +
                                         CurrentObjSubfix);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Coil Name =" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Evaporative Condenser Pump Rated Power Consumption of " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(EvapCondPumpElecNomPowerUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Evaporative Condenser Pump Rated Power Consumption of " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(EvapCondPumpElecNomPowerDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("User-Specified Evaporative Condenser Pump Rated Power Consumption of {:.2R} [W]",
+                                                     EvapCondPumpElecNomPowerUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("differs from Design Size Evaporative Condenser Pump Rated Power Consumption of {:.2R} [W]",
+                                                     EvapCondPumpElecNomPowerDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -4790,10 +4845,9 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeVarSpeedCoil: Potential issue with equipment sizing for " + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).CoolHeatType + ' ' +
                                         CurrentObjSubfix);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Coil Name =" + state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(DefrostCapacityUser, 2) +
-                                              " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity of " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(DefrostCapacityDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", DefrostCapacityUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("differs from Design Size Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", DefrostCapacityDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -4810,21 +4864,25 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                                  state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, RoutineName + ": Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity > Rated Total Cooling Capacity");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Each of these capacity inputs have been autosized.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCapCoolSens, 2) + " W");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Rated Total Cooling Capacity    = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCapCoolTotal, 2) + " W");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity = {:.2T} W", state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCapCoolSens));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("Rated Total Cooling Capacity    = {:.2T} W", state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCapCoolTotal));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "See eio file for further details.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Check Total and Sensible Cooling Capacity Coefficients to ensure they are accurate.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Check Zone and System Sizing objects to verify sizing inputs.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Sizing statistics:");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entering Air Dry-Bulb Temperature = " + TrimSigDigits(MixTemp, 3) + " C");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entering Air Wet-Bulb Temperature = " + TrimSigDigits(MixWetBulb, 3) + " C");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entering Air Dry-Bulb Temperature = {:.3T} C", MixTemp));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entering Air Wet-Bulb Temperature = {:.3T} C", MixWetBulb));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entering Condenser Water Temperature used = 24.4444 C");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Used design air and water flow rates (i.e., used 1 for ratioVL and ratioVS)");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "ratioTDB = " + TrimSigDigits(((MixTemp + 283.15) / 273.15), 3));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "ratioTWB = " + TrimSigDigits(((MixWetBulb + 283.15) / 273.15), 3));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "ratioTS  = " + TrimSigDigits(((85.0 + 283.15) / 273.15), 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("ratioTDB = {:.3T}", ((MixTemp + 283.15) / 273.15)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("ratioTWB = {:.3T}", ((MixWetBulb + 283.15) / 273.15)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("ratioTS  = {:.3T}", ((85.0 + 283.15) / 273.15)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity = Rated Total Cooling Capacity * Sensible Heat Ratio");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Total Cooling Capacity Modifier = " + TrimSigDigits(TotCapTempModFac, 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Total Cooling Capacity Modifier = {:.5T}", TotCapTempModFac));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Rated Total Cooling Capacity = Total Design Load / Total Cooling Capacity Modifier");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Carefully review the Load Side Total, Sensible, and Latent heat transfer rates");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... to ensure they meet the expected manufacturers performance specifications.");
@@ -4835,17 +4893,21 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
                                  state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, RoutineName + ": Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity > Rated Total Cooling Capacity");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Only the rated total capacity input is autosized, consider autosizing both inputs.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCapCoolSens, 2) + " W");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Rated Total Cooling Capacity    = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCapCoolTotal, 2) + " W");
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity = {:.2T} W", state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCapCoolSens));
+                ShowContinueError(
+                    state,
+                    format("Rated Total Cooling Capacity    = {:.2T} W", state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->VarSpeedCoil(DXCoilNum).RatedCapCoolTotal));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "See eio file for further details.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Check Total and Sensible Cooling Capacity Coefficients to ensure they are accurate.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Check Zone and System Sizing objects to verify sizing inputs.");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Sizing statistics for Total Cooling Capacity:");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Entering Air Wet-Bulb Temperature = " + TrimSigDigits(MixWetBulb, 3) + " C");
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Entering Air Wet-Bulb Temperature = {:.3T} C", MixWetBulb));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Entering Condenser Water Temperature used = 24.4444 C");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Used design air and water flow rates (i.e., used 1 for ratioVL and ratioVS)");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "ratioTWB = " + TrimSigDigits(((MixWetBulb + 283.15) / 273.15), 3));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "ratioTS  = " + TrimSigDigits(((85.0 + 283.15) / 273.15), 3));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("ratioTWB = {:.3T}", ((MixWetBulb + 283.15) / 273.15)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("ratioTS  = {:.3T}", ((85.0 + 283.15) / 273.15)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity = Rated Total Cooling Capacity * Sensible Heat Ratio");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Carefully review the Load Side Total, Sensible, and Latent heat transfer rates");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "... to ensure they meet the expected manufacturers performance specifications.");
@@ -5545,7 +5607,6 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
         using DataHVACGlobals::DXCoilTotalCapacity;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HPWHInletDBTemp;
         using DataHVACGlobals::HPWHInletWBTemp;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -7038,7 +7099,6 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using FluidProperties::FindGlycol;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Obtains and Allocates WatertoAirHP related parameters from input file
         if (state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->GetCoilsInputFlag) { // First time subroutine has been entered
@@ -7048,8 +7108,10 @@ namespace VariableSpeedCoils {
         }
 
         if (WSHPNum <= 0 || WSHPNum > state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->NumVarSpeedCoils) {
-            ShowSevereError(state,"SetVarSpeedCoilData: called with VS WSHP Coil Number out of range=" + TrimSigDigits(WSHPNum) + " should be >0 and <" +
-                            TrimSigDigits(state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->NumVarSpeedCoils));
+            ShowSevereError(state,
+                            format("SetVarSpeedCoilData: called with VS WSHP Coil Number out of range={} should be >0 and <{}",
+                                   WSHPNum,
+                                   state.dataVariableSpeedCoils->NumVarSpeedCoils));
             ErrorsFound = true;
             return;
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/VentilatedSlab.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/VentilatedSlab.cc
index 682e4c94cf8..907e4f8464e 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/VentilatedSlab.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/VentilatedSlab.cc
@@ -161,7 +161,6 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataSizing::ZoneEqVentedSlab;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int Item; // index of ventilated slab being simulated
@@ -182,13 +181,19 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
         } else {
             Item = CompIndex;
             if (Item > state.dataVentilatedSlab->NumOfVentSlabs || Item < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimVentilatedSlab:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(Item) +
-                               ", Number of Systems=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataVentilatedSlab->NumOfVentSlabs) + ", Entered System name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimVentilatedSlab:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Systems={}, Entered System name={}",
+                                      Item,
+                                      state.dataVentilatedSlab->NumOfVentSlabs,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataVentilatedSlab->CheckEquipName(Item)) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name ) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimVentilatedSlab: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(Item) + ", System name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored System Name for that index=" + state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimVentilatedSlab: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, System name={}, stored System Name for that index={}",
+                                          Item,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataVentilatedSlab->CheckEquipName(Item) = false;
             }
@@ -1649,7 +1654,7 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
         using FluidProperties::GetDensityGlycol;
         using FluidProperties::GetSpecificHeatGlycol;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::GetHXCoilType;
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::GetHXDXCoilName;
         using PlantUtilities::MyPlantSizingIndex;
@@ -1902,10 +1907,9 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
                             if ((std::abs(OutAirVolFlowDes - OutAirVolFlowUser) / OutAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVentilatedSlab: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:VentilatedSlab = \"" +
                                             state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name + "\".");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(OutAirVolFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(OutAirVolFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", OutAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", OutAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1950,10 +1954,10 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
                             if ((std::abs(MinOutAirVolFlowDes - MinOutAirVolFlowUser) / MinOutAirVolFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVentilatedSlab: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:VentilatedSlab = \"" +
                                             state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name + "\".");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Minimum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(MinOutAirVolFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Minimum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(MinOutAirVolFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("User-Specified Minimum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MinOutAirVolFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Minimum Outdoor Air Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MinOutAirVolFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -2078,10 +2082,10 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
                                 if ((std::abs(MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes - MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser) / MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeVentilatedSlab: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:VentilatedSlab = \"" +
                                                 state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Hot Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Hot Water Flow of " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes, 5) + " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("User-Specified Maximum Hot Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotWaterFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Hot Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotWaterFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -2195,10 +2199,9 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
                                 if ((std::abs(MaxVolHotSteamFlowDes - MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser) / MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                     ShowMessage(state, "SizeVentilatedSlab: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:VentilatedSlab = \"" +
                                                 state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name + "\".");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Steam Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Steam Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolHotSteamFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                      " [m3/s]");
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Steam Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotSteamFlowUser));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("differs from Design Size Maximum Steam Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolHotSteamFlowDes));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                                 }
@@ -2323,10 +2326,9 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
                             if ((std::abs(MaxVolColdWaterFlowDes - MaxVolColdWaterFlowUser) / MaxVolColdWaterFlowUser) > AutoVsHardSizingThreshold) {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeVentilatedSlab: Potential issue with equipment sizing for ZoneHVAC:VentilatedSlab = \"" +
                                             state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name + "\".");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Maximum Cold Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolColdWaterFlowUser, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Maximum Cold Water Flow of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxVolColdWaterFlowDes, 5) +
-                                                  " [m3/s]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Maximum Cold Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolColdWaterFlowUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Maximum Cold Water Flow of {:.5R} [m3/s]", MaxVolColdWaterFlowDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -2423,7 +2425,7 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
         using DataHVACGlobals::ZoneCompTurnFansOff;
         using DataHVACGlobals::ZoneCompTurnFansOn;
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using HeatingCoils::CheckHeatingCoilSchedule;
         using HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::CheckHXAssistedCoolingCoilSchedule;
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
@@ -3405,7 +3407,6 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataEnvironment::OutBaroPress;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::CTFTsrcConstPart;
@@ -3701,15 +3702,16 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "Surface [" + Surface(state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2)).Name +
                                                           "] temperature below dew-point temperature--potential for condensation exists");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "Flow to the ventilated slab system will be shut-off to avoid condensation");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Predicted radiant system surface temperature = " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(TH(2, 1, state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2)), 2));
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Zone dew-point temperature + safety factor delta= " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(DewPointTemp + CondDeltaTemp, 2));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("Predicted radiant system surface temperature = {:.2R}",
+                                                                 TH(2, 1, state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2))));
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state, format("Zone dew-point temperature + safety factor delta= {:.2R}", DewPointTemp + CondDeltaTemp));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                                     }
                                     if (CondensationErrorCount == 1) {
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Note that there is a " + RoundSigDigits(CondDeltaTemp, 4) +
-                                                          " C safety built-in to the shut-off criteria");
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state, format("Note that there is a {:.4R} C safety built-in to the shut-off criteria", CondDeltaTemp));
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "Note also that this affects all surfaces that are part of this system");
                                     }
                                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, state.dataVentilatedSlab->cMO_VentilatedSlab + " [" + state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name +
@@ -3754,12 +3756,14 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "However, it could also result from improper input for the ventilated slab or");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "illogical control temperatures.  Check your input for this ventilated slab and");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "also look at the internal data shown below.");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Predicted return air temperature [C] from the overall energy balance = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(Node(ReturnAirNode).Temp, 4));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Predicted return air temperature [C] from the slab section energy balances = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(AirOutletTempCheck, 4));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Total energy rate (power) [W] added to the slab = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(TotalVentSlabRadPower, 4));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Predicted return air temperature [C] from the overall energy balance = {:.4R}",
+                                                             Node(ReturnAirNode).Temp));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Predicted return air temperature [C] from the slab section energy balances = {:.4R}",
+                                                             AirOutletTempCheck));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Total energy rate (power) [W] added to the slab = {:.4R}", TotalVentSlabRadPower));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, state.dataVentilatedSlab->cMO_VentilatedSlab + " [" + state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name +
@@ -3787,12 +3791,14 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "However, it could also result from improper input for the ventilated slab or");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "illogical control temperatures.  Check your input for this ventilated slab and");
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "also look at the internal data shown below.");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Predicted return air temperature [C] from the overall energy balance = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(Node(ReturnAirNode).Temp, 4));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Predicted return air temperature [C] from the slab section energy balances = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(AirOutletTempCheck, 4));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Total energy rate (power) [W] added to the slab = " +
-                                                      RoundSigDigits(TotalVentSlabRadPower, 4));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Predicted return air temperature [C] from the overall energy balance = {:.4R}",
+                                                             Node(ReturnAirNode).Temp));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Predicted return air temperature [C] from the slab section energy balances = {:.4R}",
+                                                             AirOutletTempCheck));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Total energy rate (power) [W] added to the slab = {:.4R}", TotalVentSlabRadPower));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                                 }
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, state.dataVentilatedSlab->cMO_VentilatedSlab + " [" + state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name +
@@ -3950,15 +3956,16 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "Surface [" + Surface(state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2)).Name +
                                                           "] temperature below dew-point temperature--potential for condensation exists");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "Flow to the ventilated slab system will be shut-off to avoid condensation");
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Predicted radiant system surface temperature = " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(TH(2, 1, state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2)), 2));
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Zone dew-point temperature + safety factor delta= " +
-                                                          RoundSigDigits(DewPointTemp + CondDeltaTemp, 2));
+                                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                          format("Predicted radiant system surface temperature = {:.2R}",
+                                                                 TH(2, 1, state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).SurfacePtr(RadSurfNum2))));
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state, format("Zone dew-point temperature + safety factor delta= {:.2R}", DewPointTemp + CondDeltaTemp));
                                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                                     }
                                     if (CondensationErrorCount == 1) {
-                                        ShowContinueError(state, "Note that there is a " + RoundSigDigits(CondDeltaTemp, 4) +
-                                                          " C safety built-in to the shut-off criteria");
+                                        ShowContinueError(
+                                            state, format("Note that there is a {:.4R} C safety built-in to the shut-off criteria", CondDeltaTemp));
                                         ShowContinueError(state, "Note also that this affects all surfaces that are part of this system");
                                     }
                                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, state.dataVentilatedSlab->cMO_VentilatedSlab + " [" + state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name +
@@ -4033,11 +4040,13 @@ namespace VentilatedSlab {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "However, it could also result from improper input for the ventilated slab or");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "illogical control temperatures.  Check your input for this ventilated slab and");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "also look at the internal data shown below.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Predicted return air temperature [C] from the overall energy balance = " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(Node(ReturnAirNode).Temp, 4));
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Predicted return air temperature [C] from the slab section energy balances = " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(AirOutletTempCheck, 4));
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Total energy rate (power) [W] added to the slab = " + RoundSigDigits(TotalVentSlabRadPower, 4));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Predicted return air temperature [C] from the overall energy balance = {:.4R}",
+                                                         Node(ReturnAirNode).Temp));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Predicted return air temperature [C] from the slab section energy balances = {:.4R}",
+                                                         AirOutletTempCheck));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Total energy rate (power) [W] added to the slab = {:.4R}", TotalVentSlabRadPower));
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                             }
                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, state.dataVentilatedSlab->cMO_VentilatedSlab + " [" + state.dataVentilatedSlab->VentSlab(Item).Name +
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/WaterCoils.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/WaterCoils.cc
index 7ecd1bc54b4..d034eb85a12 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/WaterCoils.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/WaterCoils.cc
@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/Autosizing/WaterHeatingCoilUASizing.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/BranchNodeConnections.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/DataAirSystems.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataBranchAirLoopPlant.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataContaminantBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataEnvironment.hh>
@@ -91,7 +90,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/GeneralRoutines.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GlobalNames.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HVACControllers.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.hh>
@@ -185,7 +183,6 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         // This subroutine manages WaterCoil component simulation.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int CoilNum;         // The WaterCoil that you are currently loading input into
@@ -210,13 +207,20 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         } else {
             CoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (CoilNum > state.dataWaterCoils->NumWaterCoils || CoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateWaterCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of Water Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->NumWaterCoils) + ", Coil name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimulateWaterCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Water Coils={}, Coil name={}",
+                                      CoilNum,
+                                      state.dataWaterCoils->NumWaterCoils,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataWaterCoils->CheckEquipName(CoilNum)) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimulateWaterCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) + ", Coil name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SimulateWaterCoilComponents: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                               CoilNum,
+                               CompName,
+                               state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataWaterCoils->CheckEquipName(CoilNum) = false;
             }
@@ -898,7 +902,7 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using General::Iterate;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SafeDivide;
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
@@ -1174,8 +1178,7 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
                 //   be less than 1
                 TubeToFinDiamRatio = state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TubeOutsideDiam / state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).EffectiveFinDiam;
                 if (TubeToFinDiamRatio > 1.0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "InitWaterCoil: Detailed Flat Fin Coil, TubetoFinDiamRatio > 1.0, [" + RoundSigDigits(TubeToFinDiamRatio, 4) +
-                                     ']');
+                    ShowWarningError(state, format("InitWaterCoil: Detailed Flat Fin Coil, TubetoFinDiamRatio > 1.0, [{:.4R}]", TubeToFinDiamRatio));
                     // reset tube depth spacing and recalc dependent parameters
                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TubeDepthSpacing *= (pow_2(TubeToFinDiamRatio) + 0.1);
                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).CoilDepth = state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TubeDepthSpacing * state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).NumOfTubeRows;
@@ -1184,8 +1187,9 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).CoilEffectiveInsideDiam =
                         4.0 * state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MinAirFlowArea * state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).CoilDepth / state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TotCoilOutsideSurfArea;
                     TubeToFinDiamRatio = state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TubeOutsideDiam / state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).EffectiveFinDiam;
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "  Resetting tube depth spacing to " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TubeDepthSpacing, 4) + " meters");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "  Resetting coil depth to " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).CoilDepth, 4) + " meters");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("  Resetting tube depth spacing to {:.4R} meters", state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TubeDepthSpacing));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("  Resetting coil depth to {:.4R} meters", state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).CoilDepth));
                 }
 
                 CalcDryFinEffCoef(state, TubeToFinDiamRatio, CoefSeries);
@@ -1244,16 +1248,21 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
                 if (DesOutletAirEnth >= DesInletAirEnth || state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletWaterTemp >= state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletAirTemp) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "The design cooling capacity is zero for Coil:Cooling:Water " + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "  The maximum water flow rate for this coil will be set to zero and the coil will do no cooling.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "  Check the following coil design inputs for problems: Tair,in = " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletAirTemp, 4));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "                                                       Wair,in = " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletAirHumRat, 6));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "                                                       Twater,in = " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletWaterTemp, 4));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "                                                       Tair,out = " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesOutletAirTemp, 4));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "                                                       Wair,out = " +
-                                      RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesOutletAirHumRat, 6));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("  Check the following coil design inputs for problems: Tair,in = {:.4R}",
+                                             state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletAirTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("                                                       Wair,in = {:.6R}",
+                                             state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletAirHumRat));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("                                                       Twater,in = {:.4R}",
+                                             state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletWaterTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("                                                       Tair,out = {:.4R}",
+                                             state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesOutletAirTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("                                                       Wair,out = {:.6R}",
+                                             state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesOutletAirHumRat));
                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate = 0.0;
                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterMassFlowRate = 0.0;
                 }
@@ -1285,19 +1294,24 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
                             if (!NoExitCondReset) {
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "the coil outlet design conditions will be changed to correct the problem.");
                             }
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "The initial design conditions are: Tair,in = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletAirTemp, 4));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "                                   Wair,in = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletAirHumRat, 6));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "                                   Twater,in = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletWaterTemp, 4));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "                                   Tair,out = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesOutletAirTemp, 4));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "                                   Wair,out = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesOutletAirHumRat, 6));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("The initial design conditions are: Tair,in = {:.4R}",
+                                                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletAirTemp));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("                                   Wair,in = {:.6R}",
+                                                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletAirHumRat));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("                                   Twater,in = {:.4R}",
+                                                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletWaterTemp));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("                                   Tair,out = {:.4R}",
+                                                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesOutletAirTemp));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("                                   Wair,out = {:.6R}",
+                                                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesOutletAirHumRat));
                             if (!NoExitCondReset) {
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "The revised design conditions are: Tair,out = " + RoundSigDigits(TOutNew, 4));
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "                                   Wair,out = " + RoundSigDigits(WOutNew, 6));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("The revised design conditions are: Tair,out = {:.4R}", TOutNew));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("                                   Wair,out = {:.6R}", WOutNew));
                                 state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesOutletAirHumRat = WOutNew;
                                 state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesOutletAirTemp = TOutNew;
                                 // update outlet air conditions used for sizing
@@ -1405,11 +1419,12 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
                         if (DesEnthWaterOut > DesInletAirEnth) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "In calculating the design coil UA for Coil:Cooling:Water " + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "the outlet chilled water design enthalpy is greater than the inlet air design enthalpy.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "To correct this condition the design chilled water flow rate will be increased from " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate, 5));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("To correct this condition the design chilled water flow rate will be increased from {:.5R}",
+                                                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate));
                             EnthCorrFrac = (DesEnthWaterOut - DesInletAirEnth) / (DesEnthWaterOut - DesSatEnthAtWaterInTemp);
                             state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate *= (1.0 + 2.0 * EnthCorrFrac);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "to " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate, 5) + " m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("to {:.5R} m3/s", state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate));
                             state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterMassFlowRate = rho * state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate;
                             DesOutletWaterTemp = state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletWaterTemp +
                                                  state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesTotWaterCoilLoad / (state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterMassFlowRate * Cp);
@@ -1449,12 +1464,13 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
                         if (DesOutletWaterTemp > state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletAirTemp) {
                             ShowWarningError(state, "In calculating the design coil UA for Coil:Cooling:Water " + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name);
                             ShowContinueError(state, "the outlet chilled water design temperature is greater than the inlet air design temperature.");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "To correct this condition the design chilled water flow rate will be increased from " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate, 5));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("To correct this condition the design chilled water flow rate will be increased from {:.5R}",
+                                                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate));
                             TempCorrFrac = (DesOutletWaterTemp - state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletAirTemp) /
                                            (DesOutletWaterTemp - state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletWaterTemp);
                             state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate *= (1.0 + 2.0 * TempCorrFrac);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "to " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate, 5) + " m3/s");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("to {:.5R} m3/s", state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate));
                             state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterMassFlowRate = rho * state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterVolFlowRate;
                             DesOutletWaterTemp = state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesInletWaterTemp +
                                                  state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).DesTotWaterCoilLoad / (state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MaxWaterMassFlowRate * Cp);
@@ -1517,7 +1533,7 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UACoilInternalPerUnitArea = state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UACoilInternal / state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TotCoilOutsideSurfArea;
                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UAWetExtPerUnitArea = state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UACoilExternal / state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TotCoilOutsideSurfArea;
                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UADryExtPerUnitArea = state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UAWetExtPerUnitArea;
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Coil design UA set to " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UACoilTotal, 6) + " [W/C]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Coil design UA set to {:.6R} [W/C]", state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UACoilTotal));
                 } else if (SolFla == -2) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "Calculation of cooling coil design UA failed for coil " + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "  Bad starting values for UA");
@@ -1529,7 +1545,7 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UACoilInternalPerUnitArea = state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UACoilInternal / state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TotCoilOutsideSurfArea;
                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UAWetExtPerUnitArea = state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UACoilExternal / state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TotCoilOutsideSurfArea;
                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UADryExtPerUnitArea = state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UAWetExtPerUnitArea;
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Coil design UA set to " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UACoilTotal, 6) + " [W/C]");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Coil design UA set to {:.6R} [W/C]", state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UACoilTotal));
                 }
 
                 // cooling coil surface area
@@ -2045,8 +2061,7 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataSizing;
         using DataEnvironment::StdBaroPress;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::RegisterPlantCompDesignFlow;
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -2352,8 +2367,9 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
 
                     if (state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MinAirFlowArea <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "Coil:Cooling:Water:DetailedGeometry: \"" + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Coil Minimum Airflow Area must be greater than 0. Coil area = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MinAirFlowArea, 6));
+                        ShowContinueError(state,
+                                          format("Coil Minimum Airflow Area must be greater than 0. Coil area = {:.6T}",
+                                                 state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MinAirFlowArea));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
 
@@ -2400,8 +2416,11 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
 
                     if ((state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).FinSurfArea + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TubeOutsideSurfArea) <= 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "Coil:Cooling:Water:DetailedGeometry: \"" + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Coil Fin Surface Area plus Coil Tube Outside Surface Area must be greater than 0. Total surface area = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits((state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).FinSurfArea + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TubeOutsideSurfArea), 6));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("Coil Fin Surface Area plus Coil Tube Outside Surface Area must be greater than 0. Total surface area = {:.6T}",
+                                   (state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).FinSurfArea +
+                                    state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).TubeOutsideSurfArea)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
 
@@ -2687,10 +2706,10 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
                 state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).UACoil = sizerHWCoilUA.size(state, TempSize, ErrorsFound);
                 if (DesCoilWaterInTempSaved < DesCoilHWInletTempMin) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Autosizing of heating coil UA for Coil:Heating:Water \"" + CompName + "\"");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Plant design loop exit temperature = " + TrimSigDigits(PlantSizData(DataPltSizHeatNum).ExitTemp, 2) + " C");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Plant design loop exit temperature = {:.2T} C", PlantSizData(DataPltSizHeatNum).ExitTemp));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Plant design loop exit temperature is low for design load and leaving air temperature anticipated.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state,
-                        " Heating coil UA-value is sized using coil water inlet temperature = " + TrimSigDigits(DesCoilInletWaterTempUsed, 2) + " C");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format(" Heating coil UA-value is sized using coil water inlet temperature = {:.2T} C", DesCoilInletWaterTempUsed));
                     state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(DataCoilNum).InletWaterTemp = DesCoilWaterInTempSaved; // reset the Design Coil Inlet Water Temperature
                 }
                 // if coil UA did not size due to one of these variables being 0, must set UACoilVariable to avoid crash later on
@@ -2948,7 +2967,6 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         // Re-engineered for EnergyPlus by Richard Liesen PhD in 1998
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE ARGUMENT DEFINITIONS:
@@ -3090,21 +3108,23 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         if (AirMassFlow > (5.0 * state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MinAirFlowArea / AirDensity) && state.dataWaterCoils->CoilWarningOnceFlag(CoilNum)) {
             ShowWarningError(state, "Coil:Cooling:Water:DetailedGeometry in Coil =" + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name);
             ShowContinueError(state, "Air Flow Rate Velocity has greatly exceeded upper design guidelines of ~2.5 m/s");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Air MassFlowRate[kg/s]=" + TrimSigDigits(AirMassFlow, 6));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Air MassFlowRate[kg/s]={:.6T}", AirMassFlow));
             AirVelocity = AirMassFlow * AirDensity / state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MinAirFlowArea;
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Air Face Velocity[m/s]=" + TrimSigDigits(AirVelocity, 6));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Approximate MassFlowRate limit for Face Area[kg/s]=" +
-                              TrimSigDigits(2.5 * state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MinAirFlowArea / AirDensity, 6));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Air Face Velocity[m/s]={:.6T}", AirVelocity));
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("Approximate MassFlowRate limit for Face Area[kg/s]={:.6T}",
+                                     2.5 * state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MinAirFlowArea / AirDensity));
             ShowContinueError(state, "Coil:Cooling:Water:DetailedGeometry could be resized/autosized to handle capacity");
             state.dataWaterCoils->CoilWarningOnceFlag(CoilNum) = false;
         } else if (AirMassFlow > (44.7 * state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MinAirFlowArea / AirDensity)) {
             ShowSevereError(state, "Coil:Cooling:Water:DetailedGeometry in Coil =" + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name);
             ShowContinueError(state, "Air Flow Rate Velocity is > 100MPH (44.7m/s) and simulation cannot continue");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Air Mass Flow Rate[kg/s]=" + TrimSigDigits(AirMassFlow, 6));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Air Mass Flow Rate[kg/s]={:.6T}", AirMassFlow));
             AirVelocity = AirMassFlow * AirDensity / state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MinAirFlowArea;
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Air Face Velocity[m/s]=" + TrimSigDigits(AirVelocity, 6));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "Approximate MassFlowRate limit for Face Area[kg/s]=" +
-                              TrimSigDigits(2.5 * state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MinAirFlowArea / AirDensity, 6));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("Air Face Velocity[m/s]={:.6T}", AirVelocity));
+            ShowContinueError(state,
+                              format("Approximate MassFlowRate limit for Face Area[kg/s]={:.6T}",
+                                     2.5 * state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).MinAirFlowArea / AirDensity));
             ShowFatalError(state, "Coil:Cooling:Water:DetailedGeometry needs to be resized/autosized to handle capacity");
         }
 
@@ -5612,7 +5632,6 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         // <description>
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int CoilNum;
@@ -5634,12 +5653,18 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         } else {
             CoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (CoilNum > state.dataWaterCoils->NumWaterCoils || CoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "CheckWaterCoilSchedule: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of Heating Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->NumWaterCoils) + ", Coil name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("CheckWaterCoilSchedule: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Heating Coils={}, Coil name={}",
+                                      CoilNum,
+                                      state.dataWaterCoils->NumWaterCoils,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (CompName != state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "CheckWaterCoilSchedule: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) + ", Coil name=" + CompName +
-                               ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("CheckWaterCoilSchedule: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                                      CoilNum,
+                                      CompName,
+                                      state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name));
             }
             Value = GetCurrentScheduleValue(state, state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).SchedPtr); // not scheduled?
         }
@@ -6189,7 +6214,7 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         // none
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
 
         // Return value
@@ -6227,11 +6252,11 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         if (SolFla == -1) {
             ShowSevereError(state, "Calculation of drybulb temperature failed in TdbFnHRhPb(H,RH,PB)");
             ShowContinueError(state, "   Iteration limit exceeded");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "   H=[" + RoundSigDigits(H, 6) + "], RH=[" + RoundSigDigits(RH, 4) + "], PB=[" + RoundSigDigits(PB, 5) + "].");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("   H=[{:.6R}], RH=[{:.4R}], PB=[{:.5R}].", H, RH, PB));
         } else if (SolFla == -2) {
             ShowSevereError(state, "Calculation of drybulb temperature failed in TdbFnHRhPb(H,RH,PB)");
             ShowContinueError(state, "  Bad starting values for Tdb");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "   H=[" + RoundSigDigits(H, 6) + "], RH=[" + RoundSigDigits(RH, 4) + "], PB=[" + RoundSigDigits(PB, 5) + "].");
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("   H=[{:.6R}], RH=[{:.4R}], PB=[{:.5R}].", H, RH, PB));
         }
         if (SolFla < 0) {
             T = 0.0;
@@ -6486,7 +6511,6 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
         using DataPlant::ccSimPlantEquipTypes;
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
 
@@ -6505,17 +6529,28 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         } else {
             CoilNum = CompIndex;
             if (CoilNum > state.dataWaterCoils->NumWaterCoils || CoilNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateWaterToAirCoilPlantConnection:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) +
-                               ", Number of Coils=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->NumWaterCoils) + ", Entered Coil name=" + CoilName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("UpdateWaterToAirCoilPlantConnection:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Coils={}, Entered Coil name={}",
+                                      CoilNum,
+                                      state.dataWaterCoils->NumWaterCoils,
+                                      CoilName));
             }
             if (state.dataGlobal->KickOffSimulation) {
                 if (CoilName != state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateWaterToAirCoilPlantConnection: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) +
-                                   ", Coil name=" + CoilName + ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("UpdateWaterToAirCoilPlantConnection: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                               CoilNum,
+                               CoilName,
+                               state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).Name));
                 }
                 if (CoilTypeNum != state.dataWaterCoils->WaterCoil(CoilNum).WaterCoilType_Num) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "UpdateWaterToAirCoilPlantConnection: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) +
-                                   ", Coil name=" + CoilName + ", stored Coil Name for that index=" + ccSimPlantEquipTypes(CoilTypeNum));
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("UpdateWaterToAirCoilPlantConnection: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Coil name={}, stored Coil Name for that index={}",
+                               CoilNum,
+                               CoilName,
+                               ccSimPlantEquipTypes(CoilTypeNum)));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -6621,7 +6656,6 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         // This function sets data to water Heating Coil using the coil index and arguments passed
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         if (state.dataWaterCoils->GetWaterCoilsInputFlag) {
             GetWaterCoilInput(state);
@@ -6629,8 +6663,10 @@ namespace WaterCoils {
         }
 
         if (CoilNum <= 0 || CoilNum > state.dataWaterCoils->NumWaterCoils) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "SetHeatingCoilData: called with heating coil Number out of range=" + TrimSigDigits(CoilNum) + " should be >0 and <" +
-                            TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterCoils->NumWaterCoils));
+            ShowSevereError(state,
+                            format("SetHeatingCoilData: called with heating coil Number out of range={} should be >0 and <{}",
+                                   CoilNum,
+                                   state.dataWaterCoils->NumWaterCoils));
             ErrorsFound = true;
             return;
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/WaterManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/WaterManager.cc
index fbefebe9aff..43118ecc290 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/WaterManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/WaterManager.cc
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSurfaces.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataWater.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/ScheduleManager.hh>
@@ -164,7 +163,7 @@ namespace WaterManager {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValue;
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValueMinMax;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
@@ -294,10 +293,14 @@ namespace WaterManager {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + " and/or " + cNumericFieldNames(6));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
                             ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(6) + " must be greater than " + cNumericFieldNames(5));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Check value for " + cNumericFieldNames(5) + " = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterData->WaterStorage(Item).ValveOnCapacity, 5));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "which must be lower than " + cNumericFieldNames(6) + " = " +
-                                              RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterData->WaterStorage(Item).ValveOffCapacity, 5));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("Check value for {} = {:.5R}",
+                                                     cNumericFieldNames(5),
+                                                     state.dataWaterData->WaterStorage(Item).ValveOnCapacity));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("which must be lower than {} = {:.5R}",
+                                                     cNumericFieldNames(6),
+                                                     state.dataWaterData->WaterStorage(Item).ValveOffCapacity));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -421,12 +424,12 @@ namespace WaterManager {
                     }
                     state.dataWaterData->RainCollector(Item).LossFactor = rNumericArgs(1);
                     if (state.dataWaterData->RainCollector(Item).LossFactor > 1.0) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "Invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                        ShowWarningError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "found rain water collection loss factor greater than 1.0, simulation continues");
                     }
                     if (state.dataWaterData->RainCollector(Item).LossFactor < 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "Invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + '=' + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2));
+                        ShowSevereError(state, format("Invalid {}={:.2R}", cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Entered in " + cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "found rain water collection loss factor less than 0.0");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/WaterThermalTanks.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/WaterThermalTanks.cc
index 029a335c239..937ef12b8a1 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/WaterThermalTanks.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/WaterThermalTanks.cc
@@ -217,13 +217,20 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
         } else {
             CompNum = CompIndex;
             if (CompNum > state.dataWaterThermalTanks->numWaterThermalTank || CompNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimWaterThermalTank_WaterTank:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterThermalTanks->numWaterThermalTank) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimWaterThermalTank_WaterTank:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      CompNum,
+                                      state.dataWaterThermalTanks->numWaterThermalTank,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterThermalTank(CompNum).CheckWTTEquipName) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterThermalTank(CompNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimWaterThermalTank_WaterTank: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                                   ", Unit name=" + CompName + ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterThermalTank(CompNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SimWaterThermalTank_WaterTank: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                               CompNum,
+                               CompName,
+                               state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterThermalTank(CompNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterThermalTank(CompNum).CheckWTTEquipName = false;
             }
@@ -250,13 +257,20 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
         } else {
             CompNum = CompIndex;
             if (CompNum > state.dataWaterThermalTanks->numWaterThermalTank || CompNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimWaterThermalTank_HeatPump:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterThermalTanks->numHeatPumpWaterHeater) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimWaterThermalTank_HeatPump:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      CompNum,
+                                      state.dataWaterThermalTanks->numHeatPumpWaterHeater,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(CompNum).CheckHPWHEquipName) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(CompNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimWaterThermalTank_HeatPump: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(CompNum) +
-                                   ", Unit name=" + CompName + ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(CompNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SimWaterThermalTank_HeatPump: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                               CompNum,
+                               CompName,
+                               state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(CompNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(CompNum).CheckHPWHEquipName = false;
             }
@@ -535,8 +549,11 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
         } else {
             HeatPumpNum = CompIndex;
             if (HeatPumpNum > state.dataWaterThermalTanks->numHeatPumpWaterHeater || HeatPumpNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimHeatPumpWaterHeater:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + General::TrimSigDigits(HeatPumpNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterThermalTanks->numHeatPumpWaterHeater) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimHeatPumpWaterHeater:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      HeatPumpNum,
+                                      state.dataWaterThermalTanks->numHeatPumpWaterHeater,
+                                      CompName));
             }
         }
 
@@ -704,9 +721,13 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).DeadBandTempDiff = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1);
             if (state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).DeadBandTempDiff <= 0.0 ||
                 state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).DeadBandTempDiff > 20.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name + ": " +
-                                DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + " must be > 0 and <= 20. " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + " = " +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1), 1));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{} = {}: {} must be > 0 and <= 20. {} = {:.1T}",
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name,
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -741,8 +762,7 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ", \"" + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name +
                                                  "\":");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "The " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(4) + " should be normalized ");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, " to 1.0 at the rating point. Curve output at the rating point = " +
-                                                  General::TrimSigDigits(HEffFTemp, 3));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format(" to 1.0 at the rating point. Curve output at the rating point = {:.3T}", HEffFTemp));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, " The simulation continues using the user-specified curve.");
                             }
                         }
@@ -800,9 +820,12 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                     state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).HeatReclaimRecoveryEff = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
                     if (state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).HeatReclaimRecoveryEff <= 0.0 ||
                         state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).HeatReclaimRecoveryEff > 0.9) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name + ": " +
-                                        DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " must be > 0.0 and <= 0.9, Efficiency = " +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).HeatReclaimRecoveryEff, 3));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{} = {}: {} must be > 0.0 and <= 0.9, Efficiency = {:.3T}",
+                                               DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name,
+                                               DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                               state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).HeatReclaimRecoveryEff));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }    // Blank Num(2)
@@ -813,10 +836,13 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                     state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).HeatReclaimRecoveryEff = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2);
                     if (state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).HeatReclaimRecoveryEff <= 0.0 ||
                         state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).HeatReclaimRecoveryEff > 0.3) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name + ": " +
-                                        DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " must be > 0.0 and <= 0.3, " +
-                                        DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " +
-                                        General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).HeatReclaimRecoveryEff, 3));
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{} = {}: {} must be > 0.0 and <= 0.3, {} = {:.3T}",
+                                               DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name,
+                                               DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                               DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                               state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).HeatReclaimRecoveryEff));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 } // Blank Num(2)
@@ -986,28 +1012,40 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
 
             state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).OperatingWaterFlowRate = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6);
             if (state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).OperatingWaterFlowRate <= 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name + ": " +
-                                DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6) + " must be greater than 0. " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6) +
-                                " = " + General::TrimSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6), 6));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{} = {}: {} must be greater than 0. {} = {:.6T}",
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name,
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(6)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).PumpElecPower = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7);
             if (state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).PumpElecPower < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name + ": " +
-                                DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7) + " must be >= 0. " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7) + " = " +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{} = {}: {} must be >= 0. {} = {:.2T}",
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name,
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             if ((state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).PumpElecPower / state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).OperatingWaterFlowRate) >
                 7.9264e6) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name + ": " +
-                                 DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7) + " to " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6) + " ratio > 7.9264E6. " +
-                                 DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7) + " to " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6) + " = " +
-                                 General::TrimSigDigits((state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).PumpElecPower /
-                                                         state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).OperatingWaterFlowRate),
-                                                        3));
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{} = {}: {} to {} ratio > 7.9264E6. {} to {} = {:.3T}",
+                                        DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                        state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name,
+                                        DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                        DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6),
+                                        DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                        DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6),
+                                        (state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).PumpElecPower /
+                                         state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).OperatingWaterFlowRate)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, " Suggest reducing " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7) + " or increasing " +
                                   DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(6) + '.');
                 ShowContinueError(state, " The simulation will continue using the user defined values.");
@@ -1016,25 +1054,37 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).PumpFracToWater = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8);
             if (state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).PumpFracToWater < 0.0 ||
                 state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).PumpFracToWater > 1.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name + ": " +
-                                DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8) + " must be >= 0 or <= 1. " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8) + " = " +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8), 3));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{} = {}: {} must be >= 0 or <= 1. {} = {:.3T}",
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name,
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(8),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(8)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).OnCycParaLoad = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(9);
             if (state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).OnCycParaLoad < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name + ": " +
-                                DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9) + " must be >= 0. " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9) + " = " +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(9), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{} = {}: {} must be >= 0. {} = {:.2T}",
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name,
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(9),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(9)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).OffCycParaLoad = DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10);
             if (state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).OffCycParaLoad < 0.0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name + ": " +
-                                DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + " must be >= 0. " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + " = " +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10), 2));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{} = {}: {} must be >= 0. {} = {:.2T}",
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       state.dataWaterThermalTanks->WaterHeaterDesuperheater(DesuperheaterNum).Name,
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
         }
@@ -1164,8 +1214,9 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             HPWH.DeadBandTempDiff = hpwhNumeric[1 + nNumericOffset];
             if (HPWH.DeadBandTempDiff <= 0.0 || HPWH.DeadBandTempDiff > 20.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + HPWH.Name + "\", ");
-                ShowContinueError(state, hpwhNumericFieldNames[1 + nNumericOffset] +
-                                  " difference must be > 0 and <= 20. Dead band = " + General::TrimSigDigits(hpwhNumeric[1 + nNumericOffset], 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  hpwhNumericFieldNames[1 + nNumericOffset] +
+                                      format(" difference must be > 0 and <= 20. Dead band = {:.1T}", hpwhNumeric[1 + nNumericOffset]));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1195,8 +1246,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                 HPWH.OperatingWaterFlowRate = hpwhNumeric[2];
                 if (HPWH.OperatingWaterFlowRate <= 0.0 && hpwhNumeric[2] != DataGlobalConstants::AutoCalculate()) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + HPWH.Name + "\", ");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, hpwhNumericFieldNames[2] +
-                                      " must be greater than 0. Condenser water flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(hpwhNumeric[2], 6));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("{} must be greater than 0. Condenser water flow rate = {:.6T}", hpwhNumericFieldNames[2], hpwhNumeric[2]));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -1208,16 +1259,21 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
 
                 if (HPWH.WrappedCondenserBottomLocation < 0.0) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + HPWH.Name + "\", ");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, hpwhNumericFieldNames[2] + " must be greater than 0. Condenser bottom location = " +
-                                      General::TrimSigDigits(HPWH.WrappedCondenserBottomLocation, 6));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("{} must be greater than 0. Condenser bottom location = {:.6T}",
+                                             hpwhNumericFieldNames[2],
+                                             HPWH.WrappedCondenserBottomLocation));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
                 if (HPWH.WrappedCondenserBottomLocation >= HPWH.WrappedCondenserTopLocation) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + HPWH.Name + "\", ");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, hpwhNumericFieldNames[3] + " (" + General::TrimSigDigits(HPWH.WrappedCondenserTopLocation, 6) +
-                                      ") must be greater than " + hpwhNumericFieldNames[2] + " (" +
-                                      General::TrimSigDigits(HPWH.WrappedCondenserBottomLocation, 6) + ").");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("{} ({:.6T}) must be greater than {} ({:.6T}).",
+                                             HPWH.WrappedCondenserTopLocation,
+                                             hpwhNumericFieldNames[2],
+                                             hpwhNumericFieldNames[3],
+                                             HPWH.WrappedCondenserBottomLocation));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
 
@@ -1233,8 +1289,9 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             HPWH.OperatingAirFlowRate = hpwhNumeric[3 + nNumericOffset];
             if (HPWH.OperatingAirFlowRate <= 0.0 && hpwhNumeric[3 + nNumericOffset] != DataGlobalConstants::AutoCalculate()) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + HPWH.Name + "\", ");
-                ShowContinueError(state, hpwhNumericFieldNames[3 + nNumericOffset] + " must be greater than 0. Evaporator air flow rate = " +
-                                  General::TrimSigDigits(hpwhNumeric[3 + nNumericOffset], 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  hpwhNumericFieldNames[3 + nNumericOffset] +
+                                      format(" must be greater than 0. Evaporator air flow rate = {:.6T}", hpwhNumeric[3 + nNumericOffset]));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1461,7 +1518,7 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             if (HPWH.MinAirTempForHPOperation < -5) {
                 ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + HPWH.Name +
                                  "\": minimum inlet air temperature for heat pump compressor operation must be greater than or equal to -5 C.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum inlet air temperature = " + General::TrimSigDigits(hpwhNumeric[4 + nNumericOffset], 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum inlet air temperature = {:.1T}", hpwhNumeric[4 + nNumericOffset]));
             }
 
             // Maximum Inlet Air Temperature for Compressor Operation
@@ -1470,8 +1527,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                 ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + HPWH.Name +
                                  "\": maximum inlet air temperature for heat pump compressor operation");
                 ShowContinueError(state, "must be greater than the minimum inlet air temperature for heat pump compressor operation.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Minimum inlet air temperature = " + General::TrimSigDigits(HPWH.MinAirTempForHPOperation, 1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum inlet air temperature = " + General::TrimSigDigits(HPWH.MaxAirTempForHPOperation, 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Minimum inlet air temperature = {:.1T}", HPWH.MinAirTempForHPOperation));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum inlet air temperature = {:.1T}", HPWH.MaxAirTempForHPOperation));
             }
 
             // Compressor Location
@@ -1570,8 +1627,11 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
 
             if (FanVolFlow != DataSizing::AutoSize && !errFlag) {
                 if (FanVolFlow < HPWH.OperatingAirFlowRate) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " - air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                    " in fan object " + HPWH.FanName + " is less than the  HPWHs evaporator air flow rate.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{} - air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the  HPWHs evaporator air flow rate.",
+                                           DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           FanVolFlow,
+                                           HPWH.FanName));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The fan flow rate must be >= to the HPWHs evaporator volumetric air flow rate.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in unit = " + HPWH.Name);
                     ErrorsFound = true;
@@ -1598,12 +1658,12 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                 HPWH.DXCoilPLFFPLR = DXCoils::DXCoil(HPWH.DXCoilNum).PLFFPLR(1);
                 // check the range of condenser pump power to be <= 5 gpm/ton
                 if (DXCoils::DXCoil(HPWH.DXCoilNum).HPWHCondPumpElecNomPower / DXCoils::DXCoil(HPWH.DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap2 > 0.1422) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                    ShowWarningError(
+                        state,
                         DXCoils::DXCoil(HPWH.DXCoilNum).DXCoilType + "= " + DXCoils::DXCoil(HPWH.DXCoilNum).Name +
-                        ": Rated condenser pump power per watt of rated heating capacity has exceeded the recommended maximum of 0.1422 W/W "
-                        "(41.67 watt/MBH). Condenser pump power per watt = " +
-                        General::TrimSigDigits(
-                            (DXCoils::DXCoil(HPWH.DXCoilNum).HPWHCondPumpElecNomPower / DXCoils::DXCoil(HPWH.DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap2), 4));
+                            format(": Rated condenser pump power per watt of rated heating capacity has exceeded the recommended maximum of 0.1422 "
+                                   "W/W (41.67 watt/MBH). Condenser pump power per watt = {:.4T}",
+                                   (DXCoils::DXCoil(HPWH.DXCoilNum).HPWHCondPumpElecNomPower / DXCoils::DXCoil(HPWH.DXCoilNum).RatedTotCap2)));
                 }
             } else if ((HPWH.DXCoilNum > 0) && (bIsVScoil)) {
 
@@ -1634,8 +1694,9 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             HPWH.OnCycParaLoad = hpwhNumeric[6 + nNumericOffset];
             if (HPWH.OnCycParaLoad < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + HPWH.Name + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, hpwhNumericFieldNames[6 + nNumericOffset] + " must be >= 0. " + hpwhNumericFieldNames[6 + nNumericOffset] + " = " +
-                                  General::TrimSigDigits(hpwhNumeric[6 + nNumericOffset], 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  hpwhNumericFieldNames[6 + nNumericOffset] + " must be >= 0. " + hpwhNumericFieldNames[6 + nNumericOffset] +
+                                      format(" = {:.2T}", hpwhNumeric[6 + nNumericOffset]));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1643,8 +1704,9 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             HPWH.OffCycParaLoad = hpwhNumeric[7 + nNumericOffset];
             if (HPWH.OffCycParaLoad < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + HPWH.Name + "\",");
-                ShowContinueError(state, hpwhNumericFieldNames[7 + nNumericOffset] + " must be >= 0. " + hpwhNumericFieldNames[2 + nNumericOffset] + " = " +
-                                  General::TrimSigDigits(hpwhNumeric[7 + nNumericOffset], 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  hpwhNumericFieldNames[7 + nNumericOffset] + " must be >= 0. " + hpwhNumericFieldNames[2 + nNumericOffset] +
+                                      format(" = {:.2T}", hpwhNumeric[7 + nNumericOffset]));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2733,8 +2795,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             if ((!Tank.HeightWasAutoSized) && (Tank.HeaterHeight1 > tankHeightForTesting)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 ": Heater 1 is located higher than overall tank height.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 4));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7), 4));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(7), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(7)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2763,8 +2825,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             if ((!Tank.HeightWasAutoSized) && (Tank.HeaterHeight2 > tankHeightForTesting)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 ": Heater 2 is located higher than overall tank height.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 4));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10), 4));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2940,8 +3002,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             if ((!Tank.HeightWasAutoSized) && (Tank.UseInletHeight > Tank.Height)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 ": Use inlet is located higher than overall tank height.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 4));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(24) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(24), 4));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(24), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(24)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2957,8 +3019,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             if ((!Tank.HeightWasAutoSized) && (Tank.UseOutletHeight > Tank.Height)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 ": Use outlet is located higher than overall tank height.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 4));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(25) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(25), 4));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(25), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(25)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2985,8 +3047,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             if ((!Tank.HeightWasAutoSized) && (Tank.SourceInletHeight > Tank.Height)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 ": Source inlet is located higher than overall tank height.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 4));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(27) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(27), 4));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(27), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(27)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -2999,8 +3061,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             if ((!Tank.HeightWasAutoSized) && (Tank.SourceOutletHeight > Tank.Height)) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 ": Source outlet is located higher than overall tank height.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 4));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(28) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(28), 4));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(28), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(28)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3633,8 +3695,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             if (Tank.UseInletHeight > Tank.Height) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 ": Use inlet is located higher than overall tank height.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 4));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10), 4));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(10), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(10)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3642,8 +3704,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             if (Tank.UseOutletHeight > Tank.Height) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 ": Use outlet is located higher than overall tank height.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 4));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(11), 4));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(11), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(11)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3658,8 +3720,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             if (Tank.SourceInletHeight > Tank.Height) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 ": Source inlet is located higher than overall tank height.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 4));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(14) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(14), 4));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(14), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(14)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -3670,8 +3732,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             if (Tank.SourceOutletHeight > Tank.Height) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(1) +
                                 ": Source outlet is located higher than overall tank height.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2), 4));
-                ShowContinueError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(15) + " = " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(15), 4));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(2)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} = {:.4R}", DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(15), DataIPShortCuts::rNumericArgs(15)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -4030,9 +4092,11 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
 
                         // check that water heater source side effectiveness is greater than 0
                         if (Tank.SourceEffectiveness <= 0.0) {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + " = " + HPWH.Name +
-                                            ":  Invalid source side effectiveness for heat pump water heater = " +
-                                            General::TrimSigDigits(Tank.SourceEffectiveness, 3));
+                            ShowSevereError(state,
+                                            format("{} = {}:  Invalid source side effectiveness for heat pump water heater = {:.3T}",
+                                                   DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                   HPWH.Name,
+                                                   Tank.SourceEffectiveness));
                             ShowContinueError(state, " water heater source effectiveness will default to 1.0 and simulation continues.");
                             Tank.SourceEffectiveness = 1.0;
                         }
@@ -4646,7 +4710,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
         if (this->TypeNum == DataPlant::TypeOf_ChilledWaterTankStratified) {
 
             for (int NodeNum = 1; NodeNum <= this->Nodes; ++NodeNum) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chilled Water Thermal Storage Temperature Node " + General::TrimSigDigits(NodeNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chilled Water Thermal Storage Temperature Node {}", NodeNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     this->Node(NodeNum).TempAvg,
                                     "System",
@@ -4655,7 +4720,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             }
 
             for (int NodeNum = 1; NodeNum <= this->Nodes; ++NodeNum) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Chilled Water Thermal Storage Final Temperature Node " + General::TrimSigDigits(NodeNum) + "",
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Chilled Water Thermal Storage Final Temperature Node {}", NodeNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     this->Node(NodeNum).Temp,
                                     "System",
@@ -5037,7 +5103,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                 "Water Heater Heater 2 Runtime Fraction", OutputProcessor::Unit::None, this->RuntimeFraction2, "System", "Average", this->Name);
 
             for (int NodeNum = 1; NodeNum <= this->Nodes; ++NodeNum) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Water Heater Temperature Node " + General::TrimSigDigits(NodeNum),
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Water Heater Temperature Node {}", NodeNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     this->Node(NodeNum).TempAvg,
                                     "System",
@@ -5046,7 +5113,8 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             }
 
             for (int NodeNum = 1; NodeNum <= this->Nodes; ++NodeNum) {
-                SetupOutputVariable(state, "Water Heater Final Temperature Node " + General::TrimSigDigits(NodeNum),
+                SetupOutputVariable(state,
+                                    format("Water Heater Final Temperature Node {}", NodeNum),
                                     OutputProcessor::Unit::C,
                                     this->Node(NodeNum).Temp,
                                     "System",
@@ -5481,12 +5549,10 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                         if (TankChangeRateScale < 60.0) { // nominal change over in less than one minute
                             ShowSevereError(state, "InitWaterThermalTank: Detected problem for stratified tank model.  Model cannot be applied.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs for stratified tank name = " + this->Name);
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Tank volume = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->Volume, 4) + " [m3]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Tank use side volume flow rate = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->UseDesignVolFlowRate, 4) +
-                                              " [m3/s]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Tank source side volume flow rate = " + General::RoundSigDigits(this->SourceDesignVolFlowRate, 4) +
-                                              " [m3/s]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "Nominal tank change over rate = " + General::RoundSigDigits(TankChangeRateScale, 2) + " [s]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Tank volume = {:.4R} [m3]", this->Volume));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Tank use side volume flow rate = {:.4R} [m3/s]", this->UseDesignVolFlowRate));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Tank source side volume flow rate = {:.4R} [m3/s]", this->SourceDesignVolFlowRate));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("Nominal tank change over rate = {:.2R} [s]", TankChangeRateScale));
                             ShowContinueError(state,
                                 "Change over rate is too fast, increase tank volume, decrease connection flow rates or use mixed tank model");
 
@@ -5687,8 +5753,10 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                     if (this->ShowSetPointWarning) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "Water heater = " + this->Name +
                                         ":  Water heater tank set point temperature is greater than the maximum tank temperature limit.");
-                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Water heater tank set point temperature is reset to Tank Temperature Limit minus 1 C (" +
-                                                   General::TrimSigDigits(this->SetPointTemp, 2) + ") and simulation continues.");
+                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
+                                                   format("Water heater tank set point temperature is reset to Tank Temperature Limit minus 1 C "
+                                                          "({:.2T}) and simulation continues.",
+                                                          this->SetPointTemp));
                         this->ShowSetPointWarning = false;
                     }
                 }
@@ -5700,8 +5768,10 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                     if (this->ShowSetPointWarning) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "Chilled Water Tank = " + this->Name +
                                         ":  Water heater tank set point temperature is lower than the minimum tank temperature limit.");
-                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Chilled water tank set point temperature is reset to Tank Temperature Limit plus 1 C (" +
-                                                   General::TrimSigDigits(this->SetPointTemp, 2) + ") and simulation continues.");
+                        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
+                                                   format("Chilled water tank set point temperature is reset to Tank Temperature Limit plus 1 C "
+                                                          "({:.2T}) and simulation continues.",
+                                                          this->SetPointTemp));
                         this->ShowSetPointWarning = false;
                     }
                 }
@@ -5758,8 +5828,9 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                             "Heat Pump Water Heater = " + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(this->HeatPumpNum).Name +
                             ":  Heat Pump water heater set point temperature is equal to or greater than the maximum tank temperature limit.");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state,
-                            "Heat Pump water heater tank set point temperature is reset to Tank Temperature Limit minus 1 C (" +
-                            General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(this->HeatPumpNum).SetPointTemp, 2) + ") and simulation continues.");
+                                                   format("Heat Pump water heater tank set point temperature is reset to Tank Temperature Limit "
+                                                          "minus 1 C ({:.2T}) and simulation continues.",
+                                                          state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(this->HeatPumpNum).SetPointTemp));
                         state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(this->HeatPumpNum).ShowSetPointWarning = false;
                     }
                 }
@@ -6048,11 +6119,12 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                     state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).HPWHAirVolFlowRate(state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).NumofSpeed)) { // but this is the not the scaled mas flow
                     // if ( FanVolFlow  < HPWaterHeater( HPNum ).HPWHAirVolFlowRate( HPWaterHeater( HPNum ).NumofSpeed ) ) {
 
-                    ShowWarningError(state, "InitWaterThermalTank: -air flow rate = " + General::TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlow, 7) +
-                                     " in fan object "
-                                     " is less than the MSHP system air flow rate"
-                                     " when waterheating is required(" +
-                                     General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).HPWHAirVolFlowRate(state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).NumofSpeed), 7) + ").");
+                    ShowWarningError(state,
+                                     format("InitWaterThermalTank: -air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object  is less than the MSHP system air flow rate "
+                                            "when waterheating is required({:.7T}).",
+                                            FanVolFlow,
+                                            state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).HPWHAirVolFlowRate(
+                                                state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).NumofSpeed)));
                     ShowContinueError(state, " The MSHP system flow rate when waterheating is required is reset to the"
                                       " fan flow rate and the simulation continues.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).Name);
@@ -6060,9 +6132,10 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                     // Check flow rates in other speeds and ensure flow rates are not above the max flow rate
                     for (int Iter = state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).NumofSpeed - 1; Iter >= 1; --Iter) {
                         if (state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).HPWHAirVolFlowRate(Iter) > state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).HPWHAirVolFlowRate(Iter + 1)) {
-                            ShowContinueError(state, " The MSHP system flow rate when waterheating is required is reset to the"
-                                              " flow rate at higher speed and the simulation continues at Speed" +
-                                              General::TrimSigDigits(Iter) + '.');
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format(" The MSHP system flow rate when waterheating is required is reset to the flow rate at higher "
+                                                     "speed and the simulation continues at Speed{}.",
+                                                     Iter));
                             ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).Name);
                             state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).HPWHAirVolFlowRate(Iter) = state.dataWaterThermalTanks->HPWaterHeater(HPNum).HPWHAirVolFlowRate(Iter + 1);
                         }
@@ -6672,9 +6745,13 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             // Warn for potential freezing when avg of final temp over all nodes is below 2°C (nearing 0°C)
             if (this->TankTemp < 2) {
                 if (this->FreezingErrorIndex == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + ": " + this->Type + " = '" + this->Name +
-                                     "':  Temperature of tank < 2C indicates of possibility of freeze. Tank Temperature = " +
-                                     General::RoundSigDigits(this->TankTemp, 2) + " C.");
+                    ShowWarningError(
+                        state,
+                        format("{}: {} = '{}':  Temperature of tank < 2C indicates of possibility of freeze. Tank Temperature = {:.2R} C.",
+                               RoutineName,
+                               this->Type,
+                               this->Name,
+                               this->TankTemp));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, this->Type + " = '" + this->Name + "':  Temperature of tank < 2C indicates of possibility of freeze",
@@ -7539,9 +7616,13 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
             // Warn for potential freezing when avg of final temp over all nodes is below 2°C (nearing 0°C)
             if (this->TankTemp < 2) {
                 if (this->FreezingErrorIndex == 0) {
-                    ShowWarningError(state, RoutineName + ": " + this->Type + " = '" + this->Name +
-                                     "':  Temperature of tank < 2C indicates of possibility of freeze. Tank Temperature = " +
-                                     General::RoundSigDigits(this->TankTemp, 2) + " C.");
+                    ShowWarningError(
+                        state,
+                        format("{}: {} = '{}':  Temperature of tank < 2C indicates of possibility of freeze. Tank Temperature = {:.2R} C.",
+                               RoutineName,
+                               this->Type,
+                               this->Name,
+                               this->TankTemp));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, this->Type + " = '" + this->Name + "':  Temperature of tank < 2C indicates of possibility of freeze",
@@ -7869,7 +7950,7 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                     ShowWarningError(state, DesupHtr.Type + " \"" + DesupHtr.Name +
                                      "\":  Water heater tank set point temperature is greater than or equal to the cut-in temperature of the "
                                      "desuperheater. Desuperheater will be disabled.");
-                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " ...Desuperheater cut-in temperature = " + General::RoundSigDigits(MinTemp, 2));
+                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format(" ...Desuperheater cut-in temperature = {:.2R}", MinTemp));
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, DesupHtr.Type + " \"" + DesupHtr.Name +
                                                        "\":  Water heater tank set point temperature is greater than or equal to the cut-in "
@@ -8031,8 +8112,10 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                                         if (DesupHtr.IterLimitExceededNum1 == 1) {
                                             ShowWarningError(state, DesupHtr.Type + " \"" + DesupHtr.Name + "\"");
                                             ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                "Iteration limit exceeded calculating desuperheater unit part-load ratio, maximum iterations = " +
-                                                IterNum + ". Part-load ratio returned = " + General::RoundSigDigits(partLoadRatio, 3));
+                                                              format("Iteration limit exceeded calculating desuperheater unit part-load ratio, "
+                                                                     "maximum iterations = {}. Part-load ratio returned = {:.3R}",
+                                                                     IterNum,
+                                                                     partLoadRatio));
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "This error occurred in heating mode.");
                                         } else {
                                             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, DesupHtr.Type + " \"" + DesupHtr.Name +
@@ -8053,9 +8136,10 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                                         ++DesupHtr.RegulaFalsiFailedNum1;
                                         if (DesupHtr.RegulaFalsiFailedNum1 == 1) {
                                             ShowWarningError(state, DesupHtr.Type + " \"" + DesupHtr.Name + "\"");
-                                            ShowContinueError(state, "Desuperheater unit part-load ratio calculation failed: PLR limits of 0 to 1 exceeded. "
-                                                              "Part-load ratio used = " +
-                                                              General::RoundSigDigits(partLoadRatio, 3));
+                                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                              format("Desuperheater unit part-load ratio calculation failed: PLR limits of 0 to 1 "
+                                                                     "exceeded. Part-load ratio used = {:.3R}",
+                                                                     partLoadRatio));
                                             ShowContinueError(state, "Please send this information to the EnergyPlus support group.");
                                             ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "This error occurred in heating mode.");
                                         } else {
@@ -8148,8 +8232,10 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                                             if (DesupHtr.IterLimitExceededNum2 == 1) {
                                                 ShowWarningError(state, DesupHtr.Type + " \"" + DesupHtr.Name + "\"");
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Iteration limit exceeded calculating desuperheater unit part-load ratio, maximum iterations = " +
-                                                    IterNum + ". Part-load ratio returned = " + General::RoundSigDigits(partLoadRatio, 3));
+                                                                  format("Iteration limit exceeded calculating desuperheater unit part-load ratio, "
+                                                                         "maximum iterations = {}. Part-load ratio returned = {:.3R}",
+                                                                         IterNum,
+                                                                         partLoadRatio));
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "This error occurred in float mode.");
                                             } else {
                                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, DesupHtr.Type + " \"" + DesupHtr.Name +
@@ -8169,9 +8255,9 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                                             if (DesupHtr.RegulaFalsiFailedNum2 == 1) {
                                                 ShowWarningError(state, DesupHtr.Type + " \"" + DesupHtr.Name + "\"");
                                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                                    "Desuperheater unit part-load ratio calculation failed: PLR limits of 0 to 1 exceeded. "
-                                                    "Part-load ratio used = " +
-                                                    General::RoundSigDigits(partLoadRatio, 3));
+                                                                  format("Desuperheater unit part-load ratio calculation failed: PLR limits of 0 to "
+                                                                         "1 exceeded. Part-load ratio used = {:.3R}",
+                                                                         partLoadRatio));
                                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Please send this information to the EnergyPlus support group.");
                                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "This error occurred in float mode.");
                                             } else {
@@ -8860,8 +8946,10 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                             if (HeatPump.IterLimitExceededNum2 == 1) {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, HeatPump.Type + " \"" + HeatPump.Name + "\"");
                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                    "Iteration limit exceeded calculating heat pump water heater compressor part-load ratio, maximum iterations = " +
-                                    IterNum + ". Part-load ratio returned = " + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterThermalTanks->hpPartLoadRatio, 3));
+                                                  format("Iteration limit exceeded calculating heat pump water heater compressor part-load ratio, "
+                                                         "maximum iterations = {}. Part-load ratio returned = {:.3R}",
+                                                         IterNum,
+                                                         state.dataWaterThermalTanks->hpPartLoadRatio));
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "This error occurred in float mode.");
                             } else {
                                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -8878,9 +8966,10 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                             ++HeatPump.RegulaFalsiFailedNum2;
                             if (HeatPump.RegulaFalsiFailedNum2 == 1) {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, HeatPump.Type + " \"" + HeatPump.Name + "\"");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Heat pump water heater compressor part-load ratio calculation failed: PLR limits of 0 to 1 "
-                                                  "exceeded. Part-load ratio used = " +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterThermalTanks->hpPartLoadRatio, 3));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("Heat pump water heater compressor part-load ratio calculation failed: PLR limits of 0 to 1 "
+                                                         "exceeded. Part-load ratio used = {:.3R}",
+                                                         state.dataWaterThermalTanks->hpPartLoadRatio));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Please send this information to the EnergyPlus support group.");
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "This error occurred in float mode.");
                             } else {
@@ -9050,9 +9139,11 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                                 ++HeatPump.IterLimitExceededNum1;
                                 if (HeatPump.IterLimitExceededNum1 == 1) {
                                     ShowWarningError(state, HeatPump.Type + " \"" + HeatPump.Name + "\"");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Iteration limit exceeded calculating heat pump water heater speed"
-                                                      " speed ratio ratio, maximum iterations = " +
-                                                      IterNum + ". speed ratio returned = " + General::RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Iteration limit exceeded calculating heat pump water heater speed speed ratio ratio, "
+                                                             "maximum iterations = {}. speed ratio returned = {:.3R}",
+                                                             IterNum,
+                                                             SpeedRatio));
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "This error occurred in heating mode.");
                                 } else {
                                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state,
@@ -9069,9 +9160,10 @@ namespace WaterThermalTanks {
                                 ++HeatPump.RegulaFalsiFailedNum1;
                                 if (HeatPump.RegulaFalsiFailedNum1 == 1) {
                                     ShowWarningError(state, HeatPump.Type + " \"" + HeatPump.Name + "\"");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "Heat pump water heater speed ratio calculation failed: speed ratio limits "
-                                                      "of 0 to 1 exceeded. speed ratio used = " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(SpeedRatio, 3));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                      format("Heat pump water heater speed ratio calculation failed: speed ratio limits of 0 to 1 "
+                                                             "exceeded. speed ratio used = {:.3R}",
+                                                             SpeedRatio));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "Please send this information to the EnergyPlus support group.");
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "This error occurred in heating mode.");
                                 } else {
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/WaterToAirHeatPump.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/WaterToAirHeatPump.cc
index 799d629be23..4b480f828eb 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/WaterToAirHeatPump.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/WaterToAirHeatPump.cc
@@ -134,7 +134,6 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPump {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using FluidProperties::FindGlycol;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // shut off after compressor cycle off  [s]
         // cycling fan/cycling compressor
@@ -160,13 +159,20 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPump {
         } else {
             HPNum = CompIndex;
             if (HPNum > state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->NumWatertoAirHPs || HPNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimWatertoAirHP: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(HPNum) +
-                               ", Number of Water to Air HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->NumWatertoAirHPs) + ", WaterToAir HP name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimWatertoAirHP: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Water to Air HPs={}, WaterToAir HP name={}",
+                                      HPNum,
+                                      state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->NumWatertoAirHPs,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->CheckEquipName(HPNum)) {
                 if (!CompName.empty() && CompName != state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimWatertoAirHP: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(HPNum) + ", WaterToAir HP name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored WaterToAir HP Name for that index=" + state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SimWatertoAirHP: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, WaterToAir HP name={}, stored WaterToAir HP Name for that index={}",
+                               HPNum,
+                               CompName,
+                               state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->CheckEquipName(HPNum) = false;
             }
@@ -1051,7 +1057,7 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPump {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace FluidProperties;
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyCpAirFnW;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyHFnTdbW; // ,PsyHFnTdbRhPb,PsyWFnTdpPb
@@ -1414,8 +1420,9 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPump {
 
                     if (LoadSidePressure < LowPressCutoff && !FirstHVACIteration) {
                         if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
-                            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "WaterToAir Heat pump:cooling [" + state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name +
-                                                               "] shut off on low pressure < " + RoundSigDigits(LowPressCutoff, 0),
+                            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("WaterToAir Heat pump:cooling [{}] shut off on low pressure < {:.0R}",
+                                                                  state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name,
+                                                                  LowPressCutoff),
                                                            state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).LowPressClgError,
                                                            LoadSidePressure,
                                                            LoadSidePressure,
@@ -1429,8 +1436,9 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPump {
 
                     if (SourceSidePressure > HighPressCutoff && !FirstHVACIteration) {
                         if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
-                            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "WaterToAir Heat pump:cooling [" + state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name +
-                                                               "] shut off on high pressure > " + RoundSigDigits(HighPressCutoff, 0),
+                            ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("WaterToAir Heat pump:cooling [{}] shut off on high pressure > {:.0R}",
+                                                                  state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name,
+                                                                  HighPressCutoff),
                                                            state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).HighPressClgError,
                                                            SourceSideInletTemp,
                                                            SourceSideInletTemp,
@@ -1722,7 +1730,7 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPump {
         using Psychrometrics::PsyWFnTdbH;
         //  USE DataZoneEnergyDemands
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::SolveRoot;
 
         // Locals
@@ -1944,8 +1952,9 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPump {
                 LoadSidePressure = GetSatPressureRefrig(state, Refrigerant, LoadSideTemp, state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->RefrigIndex, RoutineNameLoadSideTemp);
                 if (SourceSidePressure < LowPressCutoff && !FirstHVACIteration) {
                     if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
-                        ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "WaterToAir Heat pump:heating [" + state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name + "] shut off on low pressure < " +
-                                                           RoundSigDigits(LowPressCutoff, 0),
+                        ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("WaterToAir Heat pump:heating [{}] shut off on low pressure < {:.0R}",
+                                                              state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name,
+                                                              LowPressCutoff),
                                                        state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).LowPressHtgError,
                                                        SourceSidePressure,
                                                        SourceSidePressure,
@@ -1959,8 +1968,9 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPump {
 
                 if (LoadSidePressure > HighPressCutoff && !FirstHVACIteration) {
                     if (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) {
-                        ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "WaterToAir Heat pump:heating [" + state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name +
-                                                           "] shut off on high pressure > " + RoundSigDigits(HighPressCutoff, 0),
+                        ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, format("WaterToAir Heat pump:heating [{}] shut off on high pressure > {:.0R}",
+                                                              state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name,
+                                                              HighPressCutoff),
                                                        state.dataWaterToAirHeatPump->WatertoAirHP(HPNum).HighPressHtgError,
                                                        SourceSideInletTemp,
                                                        SourceSideInletTemp,
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple.cc
index f84d1a63dfe..b075b440dbf 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple.cc
@@ -169,7 +169,6 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using FluidProperties::FindGlycol;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // percent on-time (on-time/cycle time)
         // shut off after compressor cycle off  [s]
@@ -196,12 +195,19 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
         } else {
             HPNum = CompIndex;
             if (HPNum > state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->NumWatertoAirHPs || HPNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimWatertoAirHPSimple: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(HPNum) +
-                               ", Number of Water to Air HPs=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->NumWatertoAirHPs) + ", WaterToAir HP name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimWatertoAirHPSimple: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Water to Air HPs={}, WaterToAir HP name={}",
+                                      HPNum,
+                                      state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->NumWatertoAirHPs,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (!CompName.empty() && CompName != state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimWatertoAirHPSimple: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(HPNum) + ", WaterToAir HP name=" + CompName +
-                               ", stored WaterToAir HP Name for that index=" + state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name);
+                ShowFatalError(
+                    state,
+                    format("SimWatertoAirHPSimple: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, WaterToAir HP name={}, stored WaterToAir HP Name for that index={}",
+                           HPNum,
+                           CompName,
+                           state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name));
             }
         }
 
@@ -1096,8 +1102,7 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallAirVolFlow;
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallLoad;
         using DataPlant::PlantLoop;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using PlantUtilities::MyPlantSizingIndex;
         using PlantUtilities::RegisterPlantCompDesignFlow;
         using namespace OutputReportPredefined;
@@ -1261,10 +1266,9 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACWaterToAir: Potential issue with equipment sizing for coil " +
                                         state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).WatertoAirHPType + ":WATERTOAIRHEATPUMP:EQUATIONFIT \"" +
                                         state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name + "\"");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Air Volume Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedAirVolFlowRateUser, 5) +
-                                              " [m3/s]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Air Volume Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedAirVolFlowRateDes, 5) +
-                                              " [m3/s]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Rated Air Volume Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", RatedAirVolFlowRateUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state,
+                                              format("differs from Design Size Rated Air Volume Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", RatedAirVolFlowRateDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -1702,10 +1706,9 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACWaterToAir: Potential issue with equipment sizing for coil " +
                                             state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).WatertoAirHPType + ":WATERTOAIRHEATPUMP:EQUATIONFIT \"" +
                                             state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name + "\"");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Total Cooling Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedCapCoolTotalUser, 2) +
-                                                  " [W]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Total Cooling Capacity of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(RatedCapCoolTotalDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Rated Total Cooling Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", RatedCapCoolTotalUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Rated Total Cooling Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", RatedCapCoolTotalDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1757,10 +1760,10 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
                                 ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACWaterToAir: Potential issue with equipment sizing for coil " +
                                             state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).WatertoAirHPType + ":WATERTOAIRHEATPUMP:EQUATIONFIT \"" +
                                             state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name + "\"");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedCapCoolSensUser, 2) +
-                                                  " [W]");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity of " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits(RatedCapCoolSensDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("User-Specified Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", RatedCapCoolSensUser));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state, format("differs from Design Size Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", RatedCapCoolSensDes));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                             }
@@ -1779,22 +1782,26 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
                                      state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, RoutineName + ": Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity > Rated Total Cooling Capacity");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Each of these capacity inputs have been autosized.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolSens, 2) + " W");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Rated Total Cooling Capacity    = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolTotal, 2) + " W");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity = {:.2T} W",
+                                             state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolSens));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Rated Total Cooling Capacity    = {:.2T} W",
+                                             state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolTotal));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "See eio file for further details.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check Total and Sensible Cooling Capacity Coefficients to ensure they are accurate.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check Zone and System Sizing objects to verify sizing inputs.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Sizing statistics:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Entering Air Dry-Bulb Temperature = " + TrimSigDigits(MixTemp, 3) + " C");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Entering Air Wet-Bulb Temperature = " + TrimSigDigits(MixWetBulb, 3) + " C");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Entering Air Dry-Bulb Temperature = {:.3T} C", MixTemp));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Entering Air Wet-Bulb Temperature = {:.3T} C", MixWetBulb));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Entering Condenser Water Temperature used = 24.4444 C");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Used design air and water flow rates (i.e., used 1 for ratioVL and ratioVS)");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "ratioTDB = " + TrimSigDigits(((MixTemp + 283.15) / 273.15), 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "ratioTWB = " + TrimSigDigits(((MixWetBulb + 283.15) / 273.15), 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "ratioTS  = " + TrimSigDigits(((85.0 + 283.15) / 273.15), 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Sensible Cooling Capacity Modifier = " + TrimSigDigits(SensCapTempModFac, 5));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("ratioTDB = {:.3T}", ((MixTemp + 283.15) / 273.15)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("ratioTWB = {:.3T}", ((MixWetBulb + 283.15) / 273.15)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("ratioTS  = {:.3T}", ((85.0 + 283.15) / 273.15)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Sensible Cooling Capacity Modifier = {:.5T}", SensCapTempModFac));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity = Sensible Design Load / Sensible Cooling Capacity Modifier");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Total Cooling Capacity Modifier = " + TrimSigDigits(TotCapTempModFac, 5));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Total Cooling Capacity Modifier = {:.5T}", TotCapTempModFac));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Rated Total Cooling Capacity = Total Design Load / Total Cooling Capacity Modifier");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Carefully review the Load Side Total, Sensible, and Latent heat transfer rates");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... to ensure they meet the expected manufacturers performance specifications.");
@@ -1805,18 +1812,22 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
                                      state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name + "\"");
                     ShowContinueError(state, RoutineName + ": Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity > Rated Total Cooling Capacity");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Only the rated total capacity input is autosized, consider autosizing both inputs.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolSens, 2) + " W");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Rated Total Cooling Capacity    = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolTotal, 2) + " W");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity = {:.2T} W",
+                                             state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolSens));
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Rated Total Cooling Capacity    = {:.2T} W",
+                                             state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolTotal));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "See eio file for further details.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check Total and Sensible Cooling Capacity Coefficients to ensure they are accurate.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Check Zone and System Sizing objects to verify sizing inputs.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Sizing statistics for Total Cooling Capacity:");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Entering Air Wet-Bulb Temperature = " + TrimSigDigits(MixWetBulb, 3) + " C");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Entering Air Wet-Bulb Temperature = {:.3T} C", MixWetBulb));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Entering Condenser Water Temperature used = 24.4444 C");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Used design air and water flow rates (i.e., used 1 for ratioVL and ratioVS)");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "ratioTWB = " + TrimSigDigits(((MixWetBulb + 283.15) / 273.15), 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "ratioTS  = " + TrimSigDigits(((85.0 + 283.15) / 273.15), 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Sensible Cooling Capacity Modifier = " + TrimSigDigits(SensCapTempModFac, 5));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("ratioTWB = {:.3T}", ((MixWetBulb + 283.15) / 273.15)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("ratioTS  = {:.3T}", ((85.0 + 283.15) / 273.15)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Sensible Cooling Capacity Modifier = {:.5T}", SensCapTempModFac));
                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Rated Sensible Cooling Capacity = Sensible Design Load / Sensible Cooling Capacity Modifier");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "Carefully review the Load Side Total, Sensible, and Latent heat transfer rates");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "... to ensure they meet the expected manufacturers performance specifications.");
@@ -1874,8 +1885,8 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
                             ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACWaterToAir: Potential issue with equipment sizing for coil " +
                                         state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).WatertoAirHPType + ":WATERTOAIRHEATPUMP:EQUATIONFIT \"" +
                                         state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name + "\"");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Heating Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedCapHeatUser, 2) + " [W]");
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Heating Capacity of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedCapHeatDes, 2) + " [W]");
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Rated Heating Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", RatedCapHeatUser));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Rated Heating Capacity of {:.2R} [W]", RatedCapHeatDes));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                         }
@@ -1907,10 +1918,15 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
                             "...used with COIL:" + state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).CompanionCoolingCoilNum).WatertoAirHPType +
                             ":WATERTOAIRHEATPUMP:EQUATIONFIT \"" + state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).CompanionCoolingCoilNum).Name + "\"");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "...heating capacity is disproportionate (> 20% different) to total cooling capacity");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...heating capacity = " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapHeat, 3) + " W");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...cooling capacity = " +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).CompanionCoolingCoilNum).RatedCapCoolTotal, 3) +
-                                          " W");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...heating capacity = {:.3T} W", state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapHeat));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("...cooling capacity = {:.3T} W",
+                                   state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple
+                                       ->SimpleWatertoAirHP(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).CompanionCoolingCoilNum)
+                                       .RatedCapCoolTotal));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -2016,9 +2032,8 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
                         ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACWaterToAir: Potential issue with equipment sizing for coil " +
                                     state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).WatertoAirHPType + ":WATERTOAIRHEATPUMP:EQUATIONFIT \"" +
                                     state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).Name + "\"");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "User-Specified Rated Water Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedWaterVolFlowRateUser, 5) + " [m3/s]");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "differs from Design Size Rated Water Flow Rate of " + RoundSigDigits(RatedWaterVolFlowRateDes, 5) +
-                                          " [m3/s]");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("User-Specified Rated Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", RatedWaterVolFlowRateUser));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("differs from Design Size Rated Water Flow Rate of {:.5R} [m3/s]", RatedWaterVolFlowRateDes));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "This may, or may not, indicate mismatched component sizes.");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Verify that the value entered is intended and is consistent with other components.");
                     }
@@ -3169,7 +3184,6 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using FluidProperties::FindGlycol;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // Obtains and Allocates WatertoAirHP related parameters from input file
         if (state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->GetCoilsInputFlag) { // First time subroutine has been entered
@@ -3179,8 +3193,10 @@ namespace WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple {
         }
 
         if (SimpleWSHPNum <= 0 || SimpleWSHPNum > state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->NumWatertoAirHPs) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "SetSimpleWSHPData: called with WSHP Coil Number out of range=" + TrimSigDigits(SimpleWSHPNum) + " should be >0 and <" +
-                            TrimSigDigits(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->NumWatertoAirHPs));
+            ShowSevereError(state,
+                            format("SetSimpleWSHPData: called with WSHP Coil Number out of range={} should be >0 and <{}",
+                                   SimpleWSHPNum,
+                                   state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->NumWatertoAirHPs));
             ErrorsFound = true;
             return;
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/WeatherManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/WeatherManager.cc
index 8a7e510dfdf..b58a415bef5 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/WeatherManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/WeatherManager.cc
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@
 #include <cmath>
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <map>
-#include <memory>
 
 // ObjexxFCL Headers
 #include <ObjexxFCL/Array.functions.hh>
@@ -599,7 +598,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
             DataEnvironment::DayOfYear = state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).StartJDay;
             DataEnvironment::DayOfMonth = state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).StartDay;
             state.dataGlobal->CalendarYear = state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).StartYear;
-            state.dataGlobal->CalendarYearChr = std::to_string(state.dataGlobal->CalendarYear);
+            state.dataGlobal->CalendarYearChr = fmt::to_string(state.dataGlobal->CalendarYear);
             DataEnvironment::Month = state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).StartMonth;
             state.dataGlobal->NumOfDayInEnvrn = state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).TotalDays; // Set day loop maximum from DataGlobals
             if (!state.dataGlobal->DoingSizing && !state.dataGlobal->KickOffSimulation) {
@@ -684,8 +683,10 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                         if (state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).ActualWeather && !state.dataWeatherManager->WFAllowsLeapYears) {
                             for (int year = state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).StartYear; year <= state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).EndYear; year++) {
                                 if (isLeapYear(year)) {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Weatherfile does not support leap years but runperiod includes a leap year (" +
-                                                    std::to_string(year) + ")");
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}Weatherfile does not support leap years but runperiod includes a leap year ({})",
+                                                           RoutineName,
+                                                           year));
                                     missingLeap = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -746,12 +747,12 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                             StDate = format(DateFormat, state.dataWeatherManager->DataPeriods(1).StMon, state.dataWeatherManager->DataPeriods(1).StDay);
                             EnDate = format(DateFormat, state.dataWeatherManager->DataPeriods(1).EnMon, state.dataWeatherManager->DataPeriods(1).EnDay);
                             if (state.dataWeatherManager->DataPeriods(1).StYear > 0) {
-                                StDate += "/" + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DataPeriods(1).StYear);
+                                StDate += format("/{}", state.dataWeatherManager->DataPeriods(1).StYear);
                             } else {
                                 StDate += "/<noyear>";
                             }
                             if (state.dataWeatherManager->DataPeriods(1).EnYear > 0) {
-                                EnDate += "/" + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DataPeriods(1).EnYear);
+                                EnDate += format("/{}", state.dataWeatherManager->DataPeriods(1).EnYear);
                             } else {
                                 EnDate += "/<noyear>";
                             }
@@ -772,8 +773,8 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                         StDate = format(DateFormat, state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).StartMonth, state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).StartDay);
                         EnDate = format(DateFormat, state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).EndMonth, state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).EndDay);
                         if (state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).KindOfEnvrn == DataGlobalConstants::KindOfSim::RunPeriodWeather) {
-                            StDate += "/" + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).StartYear);
-                            EnDate += "/" + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).EndYear);
+                            StDate += format("/{}", state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).StartYear);
+                            EnDate += format("/{}", state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).EndYear);
                         }
                         DataEnvironment::EnvironmentStartEnd = StDate + " - " + EnDate;
 
@@ -794,7 +795,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                                   StDate,
                                   EnDate,
                                   ValidDayNames(TWeekDay),
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).TotalDays),
+                                  fmt::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).TotalDays),
                                   "Use RunPeriod Specified Day",
                                   AlpUseDST,
                                   AlpUseSpec,
@@ -1006,14 +1007,16 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                 state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn) = state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(i); // copy over seed data from current array element
                 state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn).SeedEnvrnNum = i;
                 state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn).KindOfEnvrn = DataGlobalConstants::KindOfSim::HVACSizeDesignDay;
-                state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn).Title = state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(i).Title + " HVAC Sizing Pass " + General::RoundSigDigits(HVACSizingIterCount);
+                state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn).Title =
+                    format("{} HVAC Sizing Pass {}", state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(i).Title, HVACSizingIterCount);
                 state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn).HVACSizingIterationNum = HVACSizingIterCount;
             } else if (state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(i).KindOfEnvrn == DataGlobalConstants::KindOfSim::RunPeriodDesign) {
                 state.dataWeatherManager->Environment.redimension(++ state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn);
                 state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn) = state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(i); // copy over seed data
                 state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn).SeedEnvrnNum = i;
                 state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn).KindOfEnvrn = DataGlobalConstants::KindOfSim::HVACSizeRunPeriodDesign;
-                state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn).Title = state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(i).Title + " HVAC Sizing Pass " + General::RoundSigDigits(HVACSizingIterCount);
+                state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn).Title =
+                    format("{} HVAC Sizing Pass {}", state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(i).Title, HVACSizingIterCount);
                 state.dataWeatherManager->Environment( state.dataWeatherManager->NumOfEnvrn).HVACSizingIterationNum = HVACSizingIterCount;
             }
         } // for each loop over Environment data strucure
@@ -2181,9 +2184,10 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                                              LiquidPrecip);
                 } else if (WeatherDataLine.eof) {
                     if (NumRewinds > 0) {
-                        std::string date = std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(Environ).StartMonth) + '/' + std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(Environ).StartDay);
+                        std::string date = fmt::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(Environ).StartMonth) + '/' +
+                                           fmt::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(Environ).StartDay);
                         if (state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(Environ).MatchYear) {
-                            date += '/' + std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(Environ).StartYear);
+                            date += '/' + fmt::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->Environment(Environ).StartYear);
                         }
                         ShowSevereError(state, "Multiple rewinds on EPW while searching for first day " + date);
                     } else {
@@ -2264,7 +2268,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                                                    (DryBulb >= -90.0),
                                                    "<= 70",
                                                    (DryBulb <= 70.0),
-                                                   General::RoundSigDigits(DryBulb, 2),
+                                                   format("{:.2R}", DryBulb),
                                                    DataEnvironment::WeatherFileLocationTitle);
                     if (DewPoint < 99.9)
                         inputProcessor->rangeCheck(state,
@@ -2276,7 +2280,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                                                    (DewPoint >= -90.0),
                                                    "<= 70",
                                                    (DewPoint <= 70.0),
-                                                   General::RoundSigDigits(DewPoint, 2),
+                                                   format("{:.2R}", DewPoint),
                                                    DataEnvironment::WeatherFileLocationTitle);
                     if (RelHum < 999.0)
                         inputProcessor->rangeCheck(state,
@@ -2288,7 +2292,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                                                    (RelHum >= 0.0),
                                                    "<= 110",
                                                    (RelHum <= 110.0),
-                                                   General::RoundSigDigits(RelHum, 0),
+                                                   format("{:.0R}", RelHum),
                                                    DataEnvironment::WeatherFileLocationTitle);
                     if (AtmPress < 999999.0)
                         inputProcessor->rangeCheck(state,
@@ -2300,7 +2304,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                                                    (AtmPress > 31000.0),
                                                    "<=120000",
                                                    (AtmPress <= 120000.0),
-                                                   General::RoundSigDigits(AtmPress, 0),
+                                                   format("{:.0R}", AtmPress),
                                                    DataEnvironment::WeatherFileLocationTitle);
                     if (DirectRad < 9999.0)
                         inputProcessor->rangeCheck(state,
@@ -2336,7 +2340,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                                                    (WindDir >= 0.0),
                                                    "<=360",
                                                    (WindDir <= 360.0),
-                                                   General::RoundSigDigits(WindDir, 0),
+                                                   format("{:.0R}", WindDir),
                                                    DataEnvironment::WeatherFileLocationTitle);
                     if (WindSpeed < 999.0)
                         inputProcessor->rangeCheck(state,
@@ -2348,7 +2352,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                                                    (WindSpeed >= 0.0),
                                                    "<=40",
                                                    (WindSpeed <= 40.0),
-                                                   General::RoundSigDigits(WindSpeed, 2),
+                                                   format("{:.2R}", WindSpeed),
                                                    DataEnvironment::WeatherFileLocationTitle);
                     if (ErrorsFound) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, "Out of Range errors found with initial day of WeatherFile");
@@ -3139,8 +3143,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
         }
 
         if (DateInError) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "Reading Weather Data Line, Invalid Date, Year=" + General::RoundSigDigits(WYear) +
-                            ", Month=" + General::RoundSigDigits(WMonth) + ", Day=" + General::RoundSigDigits(WDay));
+            ShowSevereError(state, format("Reading Weather Data Line, Invalid Date, Year={}, Month={}, Day={}", WYear, WMonth, WDay));
             ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to previous condition.");
         }
 
@@ -3425,8 +3428,10 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
         if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).PressureEntered) {
             if (std::abs((state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).PressBarom - DataEnvironment::StdBaroPress) / DataEnvironment::StdBaroPress) > 0.1) { // 10% off
                 ShowWarningError(state,
-                    "SetUpDesignDay: Entered DesignDay Barometric Pressure=" + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).PressBarom, 0) +
-                    " differs by more than 10% from Standard Barometric Pressure=" + General::RoundSigDigits(DataEnvironment::StdBaroPress, 0) + '.');
+                                 format("SetUpDesignDay: Entered DesignDay Barometric Pressure={:.0R} differs by more than 10% from Standard "
+                                        "Barometric Pressure={:.0R}.",
+                                        state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).PressBarom,
+                                        DataEnvironment::StdBaroPress));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "...occurs in DesignDay=" + DataEnvironment::EnvironmentName +
                                   ", Standard Pressure (based on elevation) will be used.");
                 state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).PressBarom = DataEnvironment::StdBaroPress;
@@ -3498,21 +3503,22 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
 
             // Hum Ind Type, Hum Ind Value at Max Temp, Hum Ind Units
             if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndType == DDHumIndType::WetBulb) {
-                StringOut = "Wetbulb," + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue, 2) + ",{C},";
+                StringOut = format("Wetbulb,{:.2R},{{C}},", state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue);
             } else if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndType == DDHumIndType::DewPoint) {
-                StringOut = "Dewpoint," + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue, 2) + ",{C},";
+                StringOut = format("Dewpoint,{:.2R},{{C}},", state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue);
             } else if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndType == DDHumIndType::Enthalpy) {
-                StringOut = "Enthalpy," + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue, 2) + ",{J/kgDryAir},";
+                StringOut = format("Enthalpy,{:.2R},{{J/kgDryAir}},", state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue);
             } else if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndType == DDHumIndType::HumRatio) {
-                StringOut = "HumidityRatio," + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue, 4) + ",{kgWater/kgDryAir},";
+                StringOut = format("HumidityRatio,{:.4R},{{kgWater/kgDryAir}},", state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue);
             } else if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndType == DDHumIndType::RelHumSch) {
                 StringOut = "Schedule,<schedule values from 0.0 to 100.0>,{percent},";
             } else if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndType == DDHumIndType::WBProfDef) {
-                StringOut = "WetBulbProfileDefaultMultipliers," + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).HumIndValue, 2) + ",{C},";
+                StringOut = format("WetBulbProfileDefaultMultipliers,{:.2R},{{C}},",
+                                   state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(state.dataWeatherManager->Envrn).HumIndValue);
             } else if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndType == DDHumIndType::WBProfDif) {
-                StringOut = "WetBulbProfileDifferenceSchedule," + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue, 2) + ",{C},";
+                StringOut = format("WetBulbProfileDifferenceSchedule,{:.2R},{{C}},", state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue);
             } else if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndType == DDHumIndType::WBProfMul) {
-                StringOut = "WetBulbProfileMultiplierSchedule," + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue, 2) + ",{C},";
+                StringOut = format("WetBulbProfileMultiplierSchedule,{:.2R},{{C}},", state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue);
             }
             print(state.files.eio, "{}", StringOut);
             print(state.files.eio, "{:.0R},", state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).PressBarom);
@@ -4358,16 +4364,17 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "Weather file location will be used rather than entered (IDF) Location object.");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..Location object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->LocationTitle);
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..Weather File Location=" + DataEnvironment::WeatherFileLocationTitle);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "..due to location differences, Latitude difference=[" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(std::abs(DataEnvironment::Latitude - state.dataWeatherManager->WeatherFileLatitude), 2) +
-                                      "] degrees, Longitude difference=[" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(std::abs(DataEnvironment::Longitude - state.dataWeatherManager->WeatherFileLongitude), 2) + "] degrees.");
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("..due to location differences, Latitude difference=[{:.2R}] degrees, Longitude difference=[{:.2R}] degrees.",
+                               std::abs(DataEnvironment::Latitude - state.dataWeatherManager->WeatherFileLatitude),
+                               std::abs(DataEnvironment::Longitude - state.dataWeatherManager->WeatherFileLongitude)));
                     ShowContinueError(state,
-                        "..Time Zone difference=[" + General::RoundSigDigits(std::abs(DataEnvironment::TimeZoneNumber - state.dataWeatherManager->WeatherFileTimeZone), 1) +
-                        "] hour(s), Elevation difference=[" +
-                        General::RoundSigDigits(
-                            std::abs((DataEnvironment::Elevation - state.dataWeatherManager->WeatherFileElevation) / max(DataEnvironment::Elevation, 1.0)) * 100.0, 2) +
-                        "] percent, [" + General::RoundSigDigits(std::abs(DataEnvironment::Elevation - state.dataWeatherManager->WeatherFileElevation), 2) + "] meters.");
+                                      format("..Time Zone difference=[{:.1R}] hour(s), Elevation difference=[{:.2R}] percent, [{:.2R}] meters.",
+                                             std::abs(DataEnvironment::TimeZoneNumber - state.dataWeatherManager->WeatherFileTimeZone),
+                                             std::abs((DataEnvironment::Elevation - state.dataWeatherManager->WeatherFileElevation) /
+                                                      max(DataEnvironment::Elevation, 1.0) * 100.0),
+                                             std::abs(DataEnvironment::Elevation - state.dataWeatherManager->WeatherFileElevation)));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -4427,17 +4434,17 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
         }
 
         if ((DataEnvironment::Latitude < -90.0) || (DataEnvironment::Latitude > 90.0)) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "Latitude must be between -90 and 90; Entered=" + General::RoundSigDigits(DataEnvironment::Latitude, 2));
+            ShowSevereError(state, format("Latitude must be between -90 and 90; Entered={:.2R}", DataEnvironment::Latitude));
             LocationError = true;
         }
 
         if ((DataEnvironment::Longitude < -180.0) || (DataEnvironment::Longitude > 180.0)) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "Longitude must be between -180 and 180; Entered=" + General::RoundSigDigits(DataEnvironment::Longitude, 2));
+            ShowSevereError(state, format("Longitude must be between -180 and 180; Entered={:.2R}", DataEnvironment::Longitude));
             LocationError = true;
         }
 
         if ((DataEnvironment::TimeZoneNumber < -12.00) || (DataEnvironment::TimeZoneNumber > 14.00)) {
-            ShowSevereError(state, "Time Zone must be between -12 and +14; Entered=" + General::RoundSigDigits(DataEnvironment::TimeZoneNumber, 2));
+            ShowSevereError(state, format("Time Zone must be between -12 and +14; Entered={:.2R}", DataEnvironment::TimeZoneNumber));
             LocationError = true;
         }
 
@@ -4455,12 +4462,11 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                 Real64 const DiffCalc = std::abs(DataEnvironment::TimeZoneNumber - StdTimeMerid);
                 if (DiffCalc > 1.0 && DiffCalc < 24.0) {
                     if (DiffCalc < 3.0) {
-                        ShowWarningError(state, "Standard Time Meridian and Time Zone differ by more than 1, Difference=\"" +
-                                         General::RoundSigDigits(DiffCalc, 1) + "\"");
+                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                         format("Standard Time Meridian and Time Zone differ by more than 1, Difference=\"{:.1R}\"", DiffCalc));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Solar Positions may be incorrect");
                     } else {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "Standard Time Meridian and Time Zone differ by more than 2, Difference=\"" +
-                                        General::RoundSigDigits(DiffCalc, 1) + "\"");
+                        ShowSevereError(state, format("Standard Time Meridian and Time Zone differ by more than 2, Difference=\"{:.1R}\"", DiffCalc));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Solar Positions will be incorrect");
                         //          LocationError=.TRUE.
                     }
@@ -4552,37 +4558,37 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
         if (state.dataWeatherManager->EnvironmentReportNbr != 1) { //  problem
             ShowFatalError(state, "ReportOutputFileHeaders: Assigned report number for Environment title is not 1.  Contact Support.");
         }
-        state.dataWeatherManager->EnvironmentReportChr = std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->EnvironmentReportNbr);
+        state.dataWeatherManager->EnvironmentReportChr = fmt::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->EnvironmentReportNbr);
         strip(state.dataWeatherManager->EnvironmentReportChr);
         print(state.files.eso, "{}{}\n", state.dataWeatherManager->EnvironmentReportChr, EnvironmentString);
         print(state.files.mtr, "{}{}\n", state.dataWeatherManager->EnvironmentReportChr, EnvironmentString);
 
         AssignReportNumber(OutputProcessor::TimeStepStampReportNbr);
-        OutputProcessor::TimeStepStampReportChr = std::to_string(OutputProcessor::TimeStepStampReportNbr);
+        OutputProcessor::TimeStepStampReportChr = fmt::to_string(OutputProcessor::TimeStepStampReportNbr);
         strip(OutputProcessor::TimeStepStampReportChr);
         print(state.files.eso, "{}{}\n", OutputProcessor::TimeStepStampReportChr, TimeStepString);
         print(state.files.mtr, "{}{}\n", OutputProcessor::TimeStepStampReportChr, TimeStepString);
 
         AssignReportNumber(OutputProcessor::DailyStampReportNbr);
-        OutputProcessor::DailyStampReportChr = std::to_string(OutputProcessor::DailyStampReportNbr);
+        OutputProcessor::DailyStampReportChr = fmt::to_string(OutputProcessor::DailyStampReportNbr);
         strip(OutputProcessor::DailyStampReportChr);
         print(state.files.eso, "{}{}{}\n", OutputProcessor::DailyStampReportChr, DailyString, "Report Variables Requested");
         print(state.files.mtr, "{}{}{}\n", OutputProcessor::DailyStampReportChr, DailyString, "Meters Requested");
 
         AssignReportNumber(OutputProcessor::MonthlyStampReportNbr);
-        OutputProcessor::MonthlyStampReportChr = std::to_string(OutputProcessor::MonthlyStampReportNbr);
+        OutputProcessor::MonthlyStampReportChr = fmt::to_string(OutputProcessor::MonthlyStampReportNbr);
         strip(OutputProcessor::MonthlyStampReportChr);
         print(state.files.eso, "{}{}{}\n", OutputProcessor::MonthlyStampReportChr, MonthlyString, "Report Variables Requested");
         print(state.files.mtr, "{}{}{}\n", OutputProcessor::MonthlyStampReportChr, MonthlyString, "Meters Requested");
 
         AssignReportNumber(OutputProcessor::RunPeriodStampReportNbr);
-        OutputProcessor::RunPeriodStampReportChr = std::to_string(OutputProcessor::RunPeriodStampReportNbr);
+        OutputProcessor::RunPeriodStampReportChr = fmt::to_string(OutputProcessor::RunPeriodStampReportNbr);
         strip(OutputProcessor::RunPeriodStampReportChr);
         print(state.files.eso, "{}{}{}\n", OutputProcessor::RunPeriodStampReportChr, RunPeriodString, "Report Variables Requested");
         print(state.files.mtr, "{}{}{}\n", OutputProcessor::RunPeriodStampReportChr, RunPeriodString, "Meters Requested");
 
         AssignReportNumber(OutputProcessor::YearlyStampReportNbr);
-        OutputProcessor::YearlyStampReportChr = std::to_string(OutputProcessor::YearlyStampReportNbr);
+        OutputProcessor::YearlyStampReportChr = fmt::to_string(OutputProcessor::YearlyStampReportNbr);
         strip(OutputProcessor::YearlyStampReportChr);
         print(state.files.eso, "{}{}{}\n", OutputProcessor::YearlyStampReportChr, YearlyString, "Report Variables Requested");
         print(state.files.mtr, "{}{}{}\n", OutputProcessor::YearlyStampReportChr, YearlyString, "Meters Requested");
@@ -4870,15 +4876,21 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             } else if (state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear < 1583) { // Bail on the proleptic Gregorian calendar
-                ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title + ", start year (" +
-                                std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear) + ") is too early, please choose a date after 1582.");
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: object={}, start year ({}) is too early, please choose a date after 1582.",
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             if (state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endYear != 0 && state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear > state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endYear) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title + ", start year (" +
-                                std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear) + ") is after the end year (" +
-                                std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endYear) + ").");
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: object={}, start year ({}) is after the end year ({}).",
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear,
+                                       state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endYear));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -4914,17 +4926,23 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                     }
                 } else {                                            // Have an input start year
                     if (!isLeapYear(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear)) { // Start year is not a leap year
-                        ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title + ", start year (" +
-                                        std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear) + ") is not a leap year but the requested start date is 2/29.");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}: object={}, start year ({}) is not a leap year but the requested start date is 2/29.",
+                                               DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else { // Start year is a leap year
                         WeekDay weekday = calculateDayOfWeek(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear, state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startMonth, state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startDay);
                         if (inputWeekday) { // Check for correctness of input
                             if (weekday != state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startWeekDay) {
-                                ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title + ", start weekday (" +
-                                                 DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(2) + ") does not match the start year (" +
-                                                 std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear) + "), corrected to " +
-                                                 DaysOfWeek(static_cast<int>(weekday)) + ".");
+                                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                                 format("{}: object={}, start weekday ({}) does not match the start year ({}), corrected to {}.",
+                                                        DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                        state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title,
+                                                        DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(2),
+                                                        state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear,
+                                                        DaysOfWeek(static_cast<int>(weekday))));
                                 state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startWeekDay = weekday;
                             }
                         } else { // Set the weekday if it was not input
@@ -4935,9 +4953,12 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
             } else {
                 // Non leap-day start date
                 if (!validMonthDay(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startMonth, state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startDay)) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title +
-                                    ", Invalid input start month/day (" + General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startMonth) + '/' +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startDay) + ')');
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}: object={}, Invalid input start month/day ({}/{})",
+                                           DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startMonth,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startDay));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 } else {                                    // Month/day is valid
                     if (state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear == 0) { // No input starting year
@@ -4954,10 +4975,13 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                         WeekDay weekday = calculateDayOfWeek(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear, state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startMonth, state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startDay);
                         if (inputWeekday) { // Check for correctness of input
                             if (weekday != state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startWeekDay) {
-                                ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title + ", start weekday (" +
-                                                 DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(2) + ") does not match the start year (" +
-                                                 std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear) + "), corrected to " +
-                                                 DaysOfWeek(static_cast<int>(weekday)) + ".");
+                                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                                 format("{}: object={}, start weekday ({}) does not match the start year ({}), corrected to {}.",
+                                                        DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                        state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title,
+                                                        DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(2),
+                                                        state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear,
+                                                        DaysOfWeek(static_cast<int>(weekday))));
                                 state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startWeekDay = weekday;
                             }
                         } else { // Set the weekday if it was not input
@@ -4989,16 +5013,22 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                     }
                 } else {                                          // Have an input end year
                     if (!isLeapYear(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endYear)) { // End year is not a leap year
-                        ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title + ", end year (" +
-                                        std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear) + ") is not a leap year but the requested end date is 2/29.");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}: object={}, end year ({}) is not a leap year but the requested end date is 2/29.",
+                                               DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title,
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startYear));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     } else {
                         state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endJulianDate =
                             computeJulianDate(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endYear, state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endMonth, state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endDay);
                         if (state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startJulianDate > state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endJulianDate) {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title + ", start Julian date (" +
-                                            std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startJulianDate) + ") is after the end Julian date (" +
-                                            std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endJulianDate) + ").");
+                            ShowSevereError(state,
+                                            format("{}: object={}, start Julian date ({}) is after the end Julian date ({}).",
+                                                   DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                   state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title,
+                                                   state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startJulianDate,
+                                                   state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endJulianDate));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -5006,9 +5036,12 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
             } else {
                 // Non leap-day end date
                 if (!validMonthDay(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endMonth, state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endDay)) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title +
-                                    ", Invalid input end month/day (" + General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startMonth) + '/' +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startDay) + ')');
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}: object={}, Invalid input end month/day ({}/{})",
+                                           DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startMonth,
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startDay));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 } else {                                  // Month/day is valid
                     if (state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endYear == 0) { // No input end year
@@ -5024,9 +5057,12 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                         state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endJulianDate =
                             computeJulianDate(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endYear, state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endMonth, state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endDay);
                         if (state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startJulianDate > state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endJulianDate) {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title + ", start Julian date (" +
-                                            std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startJulianDate) + ") is after the end Julian date (" +
-                                            std::to_string(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endJulianDate) + ").");
+                            ShowSevereError(state,
+                                            format("{}: object={}, start Julian date ({}) is after the end Julian date ({}).",
+                                                   DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                   state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).title,
+                                                   state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).startJulianDate,
+                                                   state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodInput(i).endJulianDate));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -5213,9 +5249,12 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
             case 10:
             case 12:
                 if (state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).startDay > 31) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).title + ' ' +
-                                    DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " invalid (Day of Month) [" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).startDay) + ']');
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject +
+                                        ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).title + ' ' +
+                                        format("{} invalid (Day of Month) [{}]",
+                                               DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).startDay));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 break;
@@ -5224,24 +5263,33 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
             case 9:
             case 11:
                 if (state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).startDay > 30) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).title + ' ' +
-                                    DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " invalid (Day of Month) [" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).startDay) + ']');
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject +
+                                        ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).title + ' ' +
+                                        format("{} invalid (Day of Month) [{}]",
+                                               DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).startDay));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 break;
             case 2:
                 if (state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).startDay > 28 + state.dataWeatherManager->LeapYearAdd) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).title + ' ' +
-                                    DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + " invalid (Day of Month) [" +
-                                    General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).startDay) + ']');
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject +
+                                        ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).title + ' ' +
+                                        format("{} invalid (Day of Month) [{}]",
+                                               DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                               state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).startDay));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 break;
             default:
-                ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).title + ' ' +
-                                DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + " invalid (Month) [" +
-                                General::TrimSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).startMonth) + ']');
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": object=" + state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).title +
+                                    ' ' +
+                                    format("{} invalid (Month) [{}]",
+                                           DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                           state.dataWeatherManager->RunPeriodDesignInput(Count).startMonth));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 break;
             }
@@ -5519,8 +5567,12 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
             if (Duration(1) > 0) {
                 state.dataWeatherManager->SpecialDays(Count).Duration = int(Duration(1));
             } else {
-                ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + ": " + AlphArray(1) + " Invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) +
-                                '=' + General::TrimSigDigits(Duration(1), 0));
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}: {} Invalid {}={:.0T}",
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                       AlphArray(1),
+                                       DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                       Duration(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -5969,10 +6021,12 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                             Real64 testval = maxval(state.dataWeatherManager->DDDBRngModifier(_, _, EnvrnNum));
                             if (MaxDryBulbEntered) {
                                 ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Title + "\", data override.");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, ".." + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3) + "=[" +
-                                                  General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).MaxDryBulb, 2) + "] will be overwritten.");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("..{}=[{:.2R}] will be overwritten.",
+                                                         DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(3),
+                                                         state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).MaxDryBulb));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, ".." + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(3) + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(3) + "\".");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "..with max value=[" + General::RoundSigDigits(testval, 2) + "].");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("..with max value=[{:.2R}].", testval));
                             }
                             state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).MaxDryBulb = testval;
                         }
@@ -6269,8 +6323,9 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                 if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue > state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).MaxDryBulb) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Title + "\", range check data.");
                     ShowContinueError(state,
-                        "..Humidity Indicator Temperature at Max Temperature=" + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue, 1) +
-                        " > Max DryBulb=" + General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).MaxDryBulb, 1));
+                                      format("..Humidity Indicator Temperature at Max Temperature={:.1R} > Max DryBulb={:.1R}",
+                                             state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndValue,
+                                             state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).MaxDryBulb));
                     ShowContinueError(state, ".." + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaFieldNames(5) + "=\"" + DataIPShortCuts::cAlphaArgs(5) + "\".");
                     ShowContinueError(state, "..Conditions for day will be set to Relative Humidity = 100%");
                     if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).HumIndType == DDHumIndType::DewPoint) {
@@ -6402,9 +6457,11 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
             case 12:
                 if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).DayOfMonth > 31) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Title + "\", invalid data.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, ".. invalid field: " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).DayOfMonth) + "], Month=[" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Month) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format(".. invalid field: {}=[{}], Month=[{}].",
+                                             DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                             state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                             state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Month));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 break;
@@ -6414,25 +6471,31 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
             case 11:
                 if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).DayOfMonth > 30) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Title + "\", invalid data.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, ".. invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).DayOfMonth) + "], Month=[" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Month) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format(".. invalid {}=[{}], Month=[{}].",
+                                             DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                             state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                             state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Month));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 break;
             case 2:
                 if (state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).DayOfMonth > 28) {
                     ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Title + "\", invalid data.");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, ".. invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).DayOfMonth) + "], Month=[" +
-                                      General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Month) + "].");
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format(".. invalid {}=[{}], Month=[{}].",
+                                             DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                             state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).DayOfMonth,
+                                             state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Month));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
                 break;
             default:
                 ShowSevereError(state, DataIPShortCuts::cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Title + "\", invalid data.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, ".. invalid " + DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1) + " invalid (Month) [" +
-                                  General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Month) + "].");
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format(".. invalid {} invalid (Month) [{}].",
+                                         DataIPShortCuts::cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                         state.dataWeatherManager->DesDayInput(EnvrnNum).Month));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
                 break;
             }
@@ -7439,7 +7502,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                         Line.erase(0, Pos + 1);
                     } else {
                         ShowWarningError(state, "ProcessEPWHeader: Invalid Typical/Extreme Periods Header(WeatherFile)=" + Line.substr(0, Pos));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...on processing Typical/Extreme period #" + General::RoundSigDigits(i));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...on processing Typical/Extreme period #{}", i));
                         state.dataWeatherManager->NumEPWTypExtSets = i - 1;
                         break;
                     }
@@ -7516,7 +7579,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                     } else {
                         ShowWarningError(state, "ProcessEPWHeader: Invalid Typical/Extreme Periods Header(WeatherFile)=" + state.dataWeatherManager->TypicalExtremePeriods(i).Title +
                                          " " + Line.substr(0, Pos));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...on processing Typical/Extreme period #" + General::RoundSigDigits(i));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...on processing Typical/Extreme period #{}", i));
                         state.dataWeatherManager->NumEPWTypExtSets = i - 1;
                         break;
                     }
@@ -7533,7 +7596,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                             }
                         } else {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "ProcessEPWHeader: Invalid Typical/Extreme Periods Start Date Field(WeatherFile)=" + Line.substr(0, Pos));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...on processing Typical/Extreme period #" + General::RoundSigDigits(i));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...on processing Typical/Extreme period #{}", i));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                         Line.erase(0, Pos + 1);
@@ -7548,7 +7611,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                             }
                         } else {
                             ShowSevereError(state, "ProcessEPWHeader: Invalid Typical/Extreme Periods End Date Field(WeatherFile)=" + Line.substr(0, Pos));
-                            ShowContinueError(state, "...on processing Typical/Extreme period #" + General::RoundSigDigits(i));
+                            ShowContinueError(state, format("...on processing Typical/Extreme period #{}", i));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                         Line.erase(0, Pos + 1);
@@ -8633,8 +8696,8 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
         case WaterMainsTempCalcMethod::Schedule:
             *eiostream << "Site Water Mains Temperature Information,";
             *eiostream << calcMethodMap.at(state.dataWeatherManager->WaterMainsTempsMethod) << "," << state.dataWeatherManager->WaterMainsTempsScheduleName << ",";
-            *eiostream << General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->WaterMainsTempsAnnualAvgAirTemp, 2) << ","
-                       << General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->WaterMainsTempsMaxDiffAirTemp, 2) << ",";
+            *eiostream << format("{:.2R}", state.dataWeatherManager->WaterMainsTempsAnnualAvgAirTemp) << ","
+                       << format("{:.2R}", state.dataWeatherManager->WaterMainsTempsMaxDiffAirTemp) << ",";
             *eiostream << "NA\n";
             break;
         case WaterMainsTempCalcMethod::Correlation:
@@ -8642,8 +8705,8 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
             *eiostream << calcMethodMap.at(state.dataWeatherManager->WaterMainsTempsMethod) << ","
                        << "NA"
                        << ",";
-            *eiostream << General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->WaterMainsTempsAnnualAvgAirTemp, 2) << ","
-                       << General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->WaterMainsTempsMaxDiffAirTemp, 2) << ",";
+            *eiostream << format("{:.2R}", state.dataWeatherManager->WaterMainsTempsAnnualAvgAirTemp) << ","
+                       << format("{:.2R}", state.dataWeatherManager->WaterMainsTempsMaxDiffAirTemp) << ",";
             *eiostream << "NA\n";
             break;
         case WaterMainsTempCalcMethod::CorrelationFromWeatherFile:
@@ -8652,8 +8715,8 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                 *eiostream << calcMethodMap.at(state.dataWeatherManager->WaterMainsTempsMethod) << ","
                            << "NA"
                            << ",";
-                *eiostream << General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->OADryBulbAverage.AnnualAvgOADryBulbTemp, 2) << ","
-                           << General::RoundSigDigits(state.dataWeatherManager->OADryBulbAverage.MonthlyAvgOADryBulbTempMaxDiff, 2) << ","
+                *eiostream << format("{:.2R}", state.dataWeatherManager->OADryBulbAverage.AnnualAvgOADryBulbTemp) << ","
+                           << format("{:.2R}", state.dataWeatherManager->OADryBulbAverage.MonthlyAvgOADryBulbTempMaxDiff) << ","
                            << "NA\n";
             } else {
                 *eiostream << "Site Water Mains Temperature Information,";
@@ -8664,7 +8727,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                            << "NA"
                            << ","
                            << "NA"
-                           << "," << General::RoundSigDigits(10.0, 1) << '\n';
+                           << "," << format("{:.1R}", 10.0) << '\n';
             }
             break;
         default:
@@ -8676,7 +8739,7 @@ namespace WeatherManager {
                        << "NA"
                        << ","
                        << "NA"
-                       << "," << General::RoundSigDigits(10.0, 1) << '\n';
+                       << "," << format("{:.1R}", 10.0) << '\n';
             break;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/WindTurbine.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/WindTurbine.cc
index 92be57cf103..e1b49b33495 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/WindTurbine.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/WindTurbine.cc
@@ -114,7 +114,6 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
         // This drivers manages the calls to all of the other drivers and simulation algorithms.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int WindTurbineNum;
@@ -134,12 +133,18 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
         } else {
             WindTurbineNum = GeneratorIndex;
             if (WindTurbineNum > state.dataWindTurbine->NumWindTurbines || WindTurbineNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimWindTurbine: Invalid GeneratorIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(WindTurbineNum) +
-                               ", Number of Wind Turbine Generators=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWindTurbine->NumWindTurbines) + ", Generator name=" + GeneratorName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimWindTurbine: Invalid GeneratorIndex passed={}, Number of Wind Turbine Generators={}, Generator name={}",
+                                      WindTurbineNum,
+                                      state.dataWindTurbine->NumWindTurbines,
+                                      GeneratorName));
             }
             if (GeneratorName != state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).Name) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimMWindTurbine: Invalid GeneratorIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(WindTurbineNum) +
-                               ", Generator name=" + GeneratorName + ", stored Generator Name for that index=" + state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).Name);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimMWindTurbine: Invalid GeneratorIndex passed={}, Generator name={}, stored Generator Name for that index={}",
+                                      WindTurbineNum,
+                                      GeneratorName,
+                                      state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).Name));
             }
         }
 
@@ -190,7 +195,7 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
         // and stores it in the wind turbine data structure.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -294,8 +299,12 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(1) +
                                     " is required but input is blank.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(1) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(1),
+                                           rNumericArgs(1)));
                 }
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -306,8 +315,12 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(2) +
                                     " is required but input is blank.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(2) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 1) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.1R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(2),
+                                           rNumericArgs(2)));
                 }
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -318,16 +331,24 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(3) +
                                     " is required but input is blank.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(3) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(3), 1) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.1R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(3),
+                                           rNumericArgs(3)));
                 }
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
             state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).NumOfBlade = rNumericArgs(4); // Total number of blade
             if (state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).NumOfBlade == 0) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(4) + "=[" +
-                                RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(4), 0) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.0R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                       CurrentModuleObject,
+                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                       cNumericFields(4),
+                                       rNumericArgs(4)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -337,8 +358,12 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(5) +
                                     " is required but input is blank.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(5) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(5), 2) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(5),
+                                           rNumericArgs(5)));
                 }
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -349,8 +374,12 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(6) +
                                     " is required but input is blank.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(6) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(6), 2) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(6),
+                                           rNumericArgs(6)));
                 }
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -361,8 +390,12 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(7) +
                                     " is required but input is blank.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(7) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(7), 2) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(7),
+                                           rNumericArgs(7)));
                 }
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -370,15 +403,24 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
             state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).CutOutSpeed = rNumericArgs(8); // Minimum wind speed for system operation
             if (state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).CutOutSpeed == 0.0) {
                 if (lNumericBlanks(8)) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(8) +
-                                    " is required but input is blank.");
+                    ShowSevereError(
+                        state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(8) + " is required but input is blank.");
                 } else if (state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).CutOutSpeed <= state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).RatedWindSpeed) {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(8) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(8), 2) + "] must be greater than " + cNumericFields(6) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(6), 2) + "].");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than {}=[{:.2R}].",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(8),
+                                           rNumericArgs(8),
+                                           cNumericFields(6),
+                                           rNumericArgs(6)));
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(8) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(8), 2) + "] must be greater than zero");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than zero",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(8),
+                                           rNumericArgs(8)));
                 }
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -386,9 +428,9 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
             state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).SysEfficiency = rNumericArgs(9); // Overall wind turbine system efficiency
             if (lNumericBlanks(9) || state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).SysEfficiency == 0.0 || state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).SysEfficiency > 1.0) {
                 state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).SysEfficiency = SysEffDefault;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(9) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(9), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...The default value of " + RoundSigDigits(SysEffDefault, 3) + " for " + cNumericFields(9) + " was assumed.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(9), rNumericArgs(9)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...The default value of {:.3R} was assumed. for {}", SysEffDefault, cNumericFields(9)));
             }
 
             state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).MaxTipSpeedRatio = rNumericArgs(10); // Maximum tip speed ratio
@@ -397,16 +439,20 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(10) +
                                     " is required but input is blank.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(10) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(10), 2) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(10),
+                                           rNumericArgs(10)));
                 }
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).SysEfficiency > MaxTSR) {
                 state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).SysEfficiency = MaxTSR;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(10) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(10), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...The default value of " + RoundSigDigits(MaxTSR, 1) + " for " + cNumericFields(10) + " was assumed.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(10), rNumericArgs(10)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...The default value of {:.1R} was assumed. for {}", MaxTSR, cNumericFields(10)));
             }
 
             state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).MaxPowerCoeff = rNumericArgs(11); // Maximum power coefficient
@@ -415,16 +461,20 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(11) +
                                     " is required but input is blank.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(11) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(11), 2) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(11),
+                                           rNumericArgs(11)));
                 }
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).MaxPowerCoeff > MaxPowerCoeff) {
                 state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).MaxPowerCoeff = DefaultPC;
-                ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(11) + "=[" +
-                                 RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(11), 2) + "].");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...The default value of " + RoundSigDigits(DefaultPC, 2) + " for " + cNumericFields(11) + " will be used.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}].", CurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFields(11), rNumericArgs(11)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...The default value of {:.2R} will be used. for {}", DefaultPC, cNumericFields(11)));
             }
 
             state.dataWindTurbine->WindTurbineSys(WindTurbineNum).LocalAnnualAvgWS = rNumericArgs(12); // Local wind speed annually averaged
@@ -433,8 +483,12 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(12) +
                                      " is necessary for accurate prediction but input is blank.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(12) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(12), 2) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(12),
+                                           rNumericArgs(12)));
                     ErrorsFound = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -448,10 +502,14 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     if (lNumericBlanks(13)) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(13) +
                                          " is necessary for accurate prediction but input is blank.");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "...The default value of " + RoundSigDigits(DefaultH, 2) + " for " + cNumericFields(13) + " will be used.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("...The default value of {:.2R} will be used. for {}", DefaultH, cNumericFields(13)));
                     } else {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(13) + "=[" +
-                                        RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(13), 2) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                               CurrentModuleObject,
+                                               cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                               cNumericFields(13),
+                                               rNumericArgs(13)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -463,8 +521,12 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(14) +
                                     " is required but input is blank.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(14) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(14), 2) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(14),
+                                           rNumericArgs(14)));
                 }
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -475,8 +537,12 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(15) +
                                     " is required but input is blank.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(15) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(15), 2) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(15),
+                                           rNumericArgs(15)));
                 }
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -487,8 +553,12 @@ namespace WindTurbine {
                     ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(16) +
                                     " is required but input is blank.");
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid " + cNumericFields(16) + "=[" +
-                                    RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(16), 2) + "] must be greater than zero.");
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("{}=\"{}\" invalid {}=[{:.2R}] must be greater than zero.",
+                                           CurrentModuleObject,
+                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                           cNumericFields(16),
+                                           rNumericArgs(16)));
                 }
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/WindowAC.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/WindowAC.cc
index f8289481483..26b5a3eace8 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/WindowAC.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/WindowAC.cc
@@ -152,7 +152,6 @@ namespace WindowAC {
 
         using DataHeatBalFanSys::TempControlType;
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::ZoneSysEnergyDemand;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         int WindACNum;                     // index of window AC unit being simulated
         Real64 QZnReq;                     // zone load (W)
@@ -174,13 +173,19 @@ namespace WindowAC {
         } else {
             WindACNum = CompIndex;
             if (WindACNum > state.dataWindowAC->NumWindAC || WindACNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimWindowAC:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(WindACNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWindowAC->NumWindAC) + ", Entered Unit name=" + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimWindowAC:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      WindACNum,
+                                      state.dataWindowAC->NumWindAC,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataWindowAC->CheckEquipName(WindACNum)) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimWindowAC: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(WindACNum) + ", Unit name=" + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimWindowAC: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                          WindACNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataWindowAC->CheckEquipName(WindACNum) = false;
             }
@@ -232,7 +237,7 @@ namespace WindowAC {
         using Fans::GetFanIndex;
         using Fans::GetFanType;
         using Fans::GetFanVolFlow;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using NodeInputManager::GetOnlySingleNode;
         auto &GetDXCoilOutletNode(DXCoils::GetCoilOutletNode);
         auto &GetDXHXAsstdCoilOutletNode(HVACHXAssistedCoolingCoil::GetCoilOutletNode);
@@ -377,10 +382,13 @@ namespace WindowAC {
                     FanVolFlow = HVACFan::fanObjs[state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).FanIndex]->designAirVolFlowRate;
                     if (FanVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                         if (FanVolFlow < state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).MaxAirVolFlow) {
-                            ShowWarningError(state, "Air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlow, 7) + " in fan object " +
-                                             state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).FanName + " is less than the maximum supply air flow rate (" +
-                                             TrimSigDigits(state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).MaxAirVolFlow, 7) + ") in the " +
-                                             CurrentModuleObject + " object.");
+                            ShowWarningError(state,
+                                             format("Air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum supply air flow rate ({:.7T}) "
+                                                    "in the {} object.",
+                                                    FanVolFlow,
+                                                    state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).FanName,
+                                                    state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).MaxAirVolFlow,
+                                                    CurrentModuleObject));
                             ShowContinueError(state, " The fan flow rate must be >= to the " + cNumericFields(1) + " in the " + CurrentModuleObject +
                                               " object.");
                             ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).Name);
@@ -413,11 +421,13 @@ namespace WindowAC {
                                 GetFanVolFlow(state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).FanIndex, FanVolFlow);
                                 if (FanVolFlow != AutoSize) {
                                     if (FanVolFlow < state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).MaxAirVolFlow) {
-                                        ShowWarningError(state, "Air flow rate = " + TrimSigDigits(FanVolFlow, 7) + " in fan object " +
-                                                         state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).FanName +
-                                                         " is less than the maximum supply air flow rate (" +
-                                                         TrimSigDigits(state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).MaxAirVolFlow, 7) + ") in the " +
-                                                         CurrentModuleObject + " object.");
+                                        ShowWarningError(state,
+                                                         format("Air flow rate = {:.7T} in fan object {} is less than the maximum supply air flow "
+                                                                "rate ({:.7T}) in the {} object.",
+                                                                FanVolFlow,
+                                                                state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).FanName,
+                                                                state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).MaxAirVolFlow,
+                                                                CurrentModuleObject));
                                         ShowContinueError(state, " The fan flow rate must be >= to the " + cNumericFields(1) + " in the " +
                                                           CurrentModuleObject + " object.");
                                         ShowContinueError(state, " Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).Name);
@@ -923,7 +933,6 @@ namespace WindowAC {
         using namespace DataSizing;
         using DataHeatBalance::Zone;
         using DataHVACGlobals::CoolingCapacitySizing;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         static std::string const RoutineName("SizeWindowAC: "); // include trailing blank space
@@ -1412,8 +1421,6 @@ namespace WindowAC {
         // METHODOLOGY EMPLOYED:
         // Linear interpolation between max and min outputs
 
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
-
         int const MaxIter(50);    // maximum number of iterations
         Real64 const MinPLF(0.0); // minimum part load factor allowed
 
@@ -1505,7 +1512,7 @@ namespace WindowAC {
                 ShowWarningMessage(state, "ZoneHVAC:WindowAirConditioner=\"" + state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).Name +
                                    "\" -- Exceeded max iterations while adjusting compressor sensible runtime to meet the zone load within the "
                                    "cooling convergence tolerance.");
-                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Iterations=" + TrimSigDigits(MaxIter));
+                ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Iterations={}", MaxIter));
             }
             ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "ZoneHVAC:WindowAirConditioner=\"" + state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).Name +
                                                "\"  -- Exceeded max iterations error (sensible runtime) continues...",
@@ -1552,7 +1559,7 @@ namespace WindowAC {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "ZoneHVAC:WindowAirConditioner=\"" + state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).Name +
                                        "\" -- Exceeded max iterations while adjusting compressor latent runtime to meet the zone load within the "
                                        "cooling convergence tolerance.");
-                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "Iterations=" + TrimSigDigits(MaxIter));
+                    ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, format("Iterations={}", MaxIter));
                 }
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "ZoneHVAC:WindowAirConditioner=\"" + state.dataWindowAC->WindAC(WindACNum).Name +
                                                    "\"  -- Exceeded max iterations error (latent runtime) continues...",
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/WindowEquivalentLayer.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/WindowEquivalentLayer.cc
index d7649421768..4dbbd64298d 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/WindowEquivalentLayer.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/WindowEquivalentLayer.cc
@@ -125,7 +125,6 @@ namespace WindowEquivalentLayer {
     using namespace DataSurfaces;
     using DataEnvironment::DayOfMonth;
     using DataEnvironment::Month;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
     void InitEquivalentLayerWindowCalculations(EnergyPlusData &state)
     {
@@ -445,7 +444,7 @@ namespace WindowEquivalentLayer {
         }
         if (!CFSURated) {
             ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Fenestration U-Value calculation failed for " + FS.Name);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Calculated U-value = " + TrimSigDigits(U, 4));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Calculated U-value = {:.4T}", U));
             ShowContinueError(state, "...Check consistency of inputs");
         }
         UNFRC = U;
@@ -557,8 +556,8 @@ namespace WindowEquivalentLayer {
 
         if (!CFSSHGC) {
             ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Solar heat gain coefficient calculation failed for " + FS.Name);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Calculated SHGC = " + TrimSigDigits(SHGC, 4));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Calculated U-Value = " + TrimSigDigits(UCG, 4));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Calculated SHGC = {:.4T}", SHGC));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Calculated U-Value = {:.4T}", UCG));
             ShowContinueError(state, "...Check consistency of inputs.");
             return;
         }
@@ -973,7 +972,7 @@ namespace WindowEquivalentLayer {
 
         if (P < -0.05 || P > 1.05) {
             ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "property value should have been between 0 and 1");
-            ShowContinueError(state, WHAT + "=:  property value is =" + TrimSigDigits(P, 4));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("{}=:  property value is ={:.4T}", WHAT, P));
             if (P < 0.0) {
                 ShowContinueError(state, "property value is reset to 0.0");
             } else if (P > 1.0) {
@@ -1098,9 +1097,9 @@ namespace WindowEquivalentLayer {
         if (RHO_DD + TAU_DD > 1.0) {
             SumRefAndTran = RHO_DD + TAU_DD;
             ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Roller blind diffuse-diffuse properties are inconsistent");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...The diffuse-diffuse reflectance = " + TrimSigDigits(RHO_DD, 4));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...The diffuse-diffuse tansmittance = " + TrimSigDigits(TAU_DD, 4));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Sum of diffuse reflectance and tansmittance = " + TrimSigDigits(SumRefAndTran, 4));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...The diffuse-diffuse reflectance = {:.4T}", RHO_DD));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...The diffuse-diffuse tansmittance = {:.4T}", TAU_DD));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Sum of diffuse reflectance and tansmittance = {:.4T}", SumRefAndTran));
             ShowContinueError(state, "...This sum cannot be > 1.0. Transmittance will be reset to 1 minus reflectance");
             TAU_DD = 1.0 - RHO_DD;
         }
@@ -1234,9 +1233,9 @@ namespace WindowEquivalentLayer {
         if (RHO_DD + TAU_DD > 1.0) {
             SumRefAndTran = RHO_DD + TAU_DD;
             ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Calculated insect screen diffuse-diffuse properties are inconsistent");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...The diffuse-diffuse reflectance = " + TrimSigDigits(RHO_DD, 4));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...The diffuse-diffuse tansmittance = " + TrimSigDigits(TAU_DD, 4));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Sum of diffuse reflectance and tansmittance = " + TrimSigDigits(SumRefAndTran, 4));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...The diffuse-diffuse reflectance = {:.4T}", RHO_DD));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...The diffuse-diffuse tansmittance = {:.4T}", TAU_DD));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Sum of diffuse reflectance and tansmittance = {:.4T}", SumRefAndTran));
             ShowContinueError(state, "...This sum cannot be > 1.0. Transmittance will be reset to 1 minus reflectance");
             TAU_DD = 1.0 - RHO_DD;
         }
@@ -1419,9 +1418,9 @@ namespace WindowEquivalentLayer {
         if (RHO_DD + TAU_DD > 1.0) {
             SumRefAndTran = RHO_DD + TAU_DD;
             ShowWarningMessage(state, RoutineName + "Calculated drape fabric diffuse-diffuse properties are inconsistent");
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...The diffuse-diffuse reflectance = " + TrimSigDigits(RHO_DD, 4));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...The diffuse-diffuse tansmittance = " + TrimSigDigits(TAU_DD, 4));
-            ShowContinueError(state, "...Sum of diffuse reflectance and tansmittance = " + TrimSigDigits(SumRefAndTran, 4));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...The diffuse-diffuse reflectance = {:.4T}", RHO_DD));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...The diffuse-diffuse tansmittance = {:.4T}", TAU_DD));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("...Sum of diffuse reflectance and tansmittance = {:.4T}", SumRefAndTran));
             ShowContinueError(state, "...This sum cannot be > 1.0. Transmittance will be reset to 1 minus reflectance");
             TAU_DD = 1.0 - RHO_DD;
         }
@@ -4787,8 +4786,8 @@ namespace WindowEquivalentLayer {
                 ++FS.WEQLSolverErrorIndex;
                 ShowSevereError(state, "CONSTRUCTION:WINDOWEQUIVALENTLAYER = \"" + FS.Name + "\"");
                 ShowContinueError(state, RoutineName + "Net radiation analysis did not converge");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum error is = " + TrimSigDigits(MAXERR, 6));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "...Convergence tolerance is = " + TrimSigDigits(TOL, 6));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum error is = {:.6T}", MAXERR));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("...Convergence tolerance is = {:.6T}", TOL));
                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
             } else {
                 ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CONSTRUCTION:WINDOWEQUIVALENTLAYER = \"" + FS.Name + "\"; " + RoutineName +
@@ -5263,8 +5262,8 @@ namespace WindowEquivalentLayer {
         //        ++FS.WEQLSolverErrorIndex;
         //        ShowSevereError(state, "CONSTRUCTION:WINDOWEQUIVALENTLAYER = \"" + FS.Name + "\"");
         //        ShowContinueError(state, RoutineName + "Net radiation analysis did not converge");
-        //        ShowContinueError(state, "...Maximum error is = " + TrimSigDigits(MAXERR, 6));
-        //        ShowContinueError(state, "...Convergence tolerance is = " + TrimSigDigits(TOL, 6));
+        //        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Maximum error is = {:.6T}", MAXERR));
+        //        ShowContinueError(state, format("...Convergence tolerance is = {:.6T}", TOL));
         //        ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
         //    } else {
         //        ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, "CONSTRUCTION:WINDOWEQUIVALENTLAYER = \"" + FS.Name + "\"; " + RoutineName +
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/WindowManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/WindowManager.cc
index b420c5df809..06b5445bbf5 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/WindowManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/WindowManager.cc
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ namespace WindowManager {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace Vectors;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using WindowEquivalentLayer::InitEquivalentLayerWindowCalculations;
 
         int CoefNum;                    // Polynomial coefficient number
@@ -601,10 +601,13 @@ namespace WindowManager {
             } // End of loop over glass layers in the construction for front calculation
 
             if (TotalIPhi > state.dataWindowManager->MaxNumOfIncidentAngles) {
-                ShowSevereError(state, "WindowManage::InitGlassOpticalCalculations = " + state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).Name +
-                                ", Invalid maximum value of common incidet angles = " + TrimSigDigits(TotalIPhi) + ".");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The maximum number of incident angles for each construct is " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWindowManager->MaxNumOfIncidentAngles) +
-                                  ". Please rearrange the dataset.");
+                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                format("WindowManage::InitGlassOpticalCalculations = {}, Invalid maximum value of common incidet angles = {}.",
+                                       state.dataConstruction->Construct(ConstrNum).Name,
+                                       TotalIPhi));
+                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                  format("The maximum number of incident angles for each construct is {}. Please rearrange the dataset.",
+                                         state.dataWindowManager->MaxNumOfIncidentAngles));
                 ShowFatalError(state, "Errors found getting inputs. Previous error(s) cause program termination.");
             }
 
@@ -1518,8 +1521,6 @@ namespace WindowManager {
     {
         // Initializes variables used in the window optical and thermal calculation.
 
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-
         int ConstrNum;        // Construction number
         int SurfNum;          // Surface number
         int IPhi;             // Angle of incidence counter
@@ -1656,11 +1657,13 @@ namespace WindowManager {
 
         if (DifOverrideCount > 0) {
             if (!state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
-                ShowWarningError(state, "W5InitGlassParameters: " + RoundSigDigits(DifOverrideCount) +
-                                 " Windows had Solar Diffusing=Yes overridden by presence of Window Shading Device.");
+                ShowWarningError(state,
+                                 format("W5InitGlassParameters: {} Windows had Solar Diffusing=Yes overridden by presence of Window Shading Device.",
+                                        DifOverrideCount));
             } else {
-                ShowMessage(state, "W5InitGlassParameters: " + RoundSigDigits(DifOverrideCount) +
-                            " Windows had Solar Diffusing=Yes overridden by presence of Window Shading Device.");
+                ShowMessage(state,
+                            format("W5InitGlassParameters: {} Windows had Solar Diffusing=Yes overridden by presence of Window Shading Device.",
+                                   DifOverrideCount));
             }
         }
 
@@ -2851,8 +2854,7 @@ namespace WindowManager {
         using ConvectionCoefficients::CalcISO15099WindowIntConvCoeff;
         using General::InterpSlatAng;
         using General::InterpSw;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using Psychrometrics::PsyCpAirFnW;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyHFnTdbW;
         using Psychrometrics::PsyRhoAirFnPbTdbW;
@@ -3412,7 +3414,9 @@ namespace WindowManager {
                     }
 
                 } else {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SolveForWindowTemperatures: Invalid number of Glass Layers=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataWindowManager->ngllayer) + ", up to 4 allowed.");
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format("SolveForWindowTemperatures: Invalid number of Glass Layers={}, up to 4 allowed.", state.dataWindowManager->ngllayer));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -3573,9 +3577,11 @@ namespace WindowManager {
             if (state.dataGlobal->DisplayExtraWarnings) {
                 // report out temperatures
                 for (i = 1; i <= state.dataWindowManager->nglfacep; ++i) {
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Glazing face index = " + RoundSigDigits(i) +
-                                      " ; new temperature =" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataWindowManager->thetas(i) - DataGlobalConstants::KelvinConv(), 4) +
-                                      "C  ; previous temperature = " + RoundSigDigits(state.dataWindowManager->thetasPrev(i) - DataGlobalConstants::KelvinConv(), 4) + 'C');
+                    ShowContinueError(state,
+                                      format("Glazing face index = {} ; new temperature ={:.4R}C  ; previous temperature = {:.4R}C",
+                                             i,
+                                             state.dataWindowManager->thetas(i) - DataGlobalConstants::KelvinConv(),
+                                             state.dataWindowManager->thetasPrev(i) - DataGlobalConstants::KelvinConv()));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -6789,7 +6795,7 @@ namespace WindowManager {
         using DataBSDFWindow::summerCondition;
         using DataBSDFWindow::winterCondition;
         using General::POLYF;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using General::ScanForReports;
         // InterpBlind ! Blind profile angle interpolation function
         using WindowComplexManager::CalcComplexWindowThermal;
@@ -7461,8 +7467,6 @@ namespace WindowManager {
         // Loop through all surfaces to determine which window has an exterior screen. Static
         // variables are defined here, dynamic variables are calculated in CalcScreenTransmittance.
 
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-
         // Locals
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
         int const M(18);
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneAirLoopEquipmentManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneAirLoopEquipmentManager.cc
index c2fb60b0aeb..0ec4678aa63 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneAirLoopEquipmentManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneAirLoopEquipmentManager.cc
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataSizing.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneEquipment.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DualDuct.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/GeneralRoutines.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HVACCooledBeam.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/HVACFourPipeBeam.hh>
@@ -105,7 +104,6 @@ namespace ZoneAirLoopEquipmentManager {
         // (water-air, refrigerant-air, steam-air, electric-electric,
         // water-water, etc)
 
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         int AirDistUnitNum;
 
@@ -123,12 +121,18 @@ namespace ZoneAirLoopEquipmentManager {
         } else {
             AirDistUnitNum = CompIndex;
             if (AirDistUnitNum > NumAirDistUnits || AirDistUnitNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "ManageZoneAirLoopEquipment:  Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(AirDistUnitNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units=" + TrimSigDigits(NumAirDistUnits) + ", Entered Unit name=" + ZoneAirLoopEquipName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("ManageZoneAirLoopEquipment:  Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of Units={}, Entered Unit name={}",
+                                      AirDistUnitNum,
+                                      NumAirDistUnits,
+                                      ZoneAirLoopEquipName));
             }
             if (ZoneAirLoopEquipName != AirDistUnit(AirDistUnitNum).Name) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "ManageZoneAirLoopEquipment: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(AirDistUnitNum) +
-                               ", Unit name=" + ZoneAirLoopEquipName + ", stored Unit Name for that index=" + AirDistUnit(AirDistUnitNum).Name);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("ManageZoneAirLoopEquipment: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name={}, stored Unit Name for that index={}",
+                                      AirDistUnitNum,
+                                      ZoneAirLoopEquipName,
+                                      AirDistUnit(AirDistUnitNum).Name));
             }
         }
         DataSizing::CurTermUnitSizingNum = AirDistUnit(AirDistUnitNum).TermUnitSizingNum;
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector.cc
index ee8b9513739..8742c24f726 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector.cc
@@ -182,8 +182,7 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
         using DataSurfaces::ExternalEnvironment;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
         using General::FindNumberInList;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValue;
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValueMinMax;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
@@ -292,15 +291,13 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -325,15 +322,13 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(4) +
                                         ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(4) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(4), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(4) +
                                         ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(4) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(4), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -428,15 +423,13 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -446,7 +439,7 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
             if (IHGNumbers(1) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Negative values are not allowed for " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " +
                                 AlphaName(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.2R}", IHGNumbers(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -454,13 +447,13 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
             if (IHGNumbers(2) <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Negative or zero value is not allowed for " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " in " + CurrentModuleObject +
                                 " = " + AlphaName(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(2), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.2R}", IHGNumbers(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (IHGNumbers(2) > 1.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "The value greater than 1.0 is not allowed for " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " in " +
                                 CurrentModuleObject + " = " + AlphaName(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(2), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.2R}", IHGNumbers(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -547,15 +540,13 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -567,13 +558,13 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
             if (IHGNumbers(1) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Negative values are not allowed for " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " +
                                 AlphaName(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.2R}", IHGNumbers(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (IHGNumbers(2) <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Negative values or zero are not allowed for " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " in " + CurrentModuleObject +
                                 " = " + AlphaName(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(2), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.2R}", IHGNumbers(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -655,15 +646,13 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -675,13 +664,13 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
             if (IHGNumbers(1) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Negative values are not allowed for " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " +
                                 AlphaName(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.2R}", IHGNumbers(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (IHGNumbers(2) <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Negative values or zero are not allowed for " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " in " + CurrentModuleObject +
                                 " = " + AlphaName(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(2), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.2R}", IHGNumbers(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -769,15 +758,13 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -788,13 +775,13 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
             if (IHGNumbers(1) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Negative values are not allowed for " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " +
                                 AlphaName(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.2R}", IHGNumbers(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
             if (IHGNumbers(2) <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Negative values or zero are not allowed for " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + " in " + CurrentModuleObject +
                                 " = " + AlphaName(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(2), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.2R}", IHGNumbers(2)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -884,15 +871,13 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -902,7 +887,7 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
             if (IHGNumbers(1) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Negative values are not allowed for " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " +
                                 AlphaName(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.2R}", IHGNumbers(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -984,15 +969,13 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
                     if (SchMin < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", minimum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Minimum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMin, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Minimum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMin));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     if (SchMax < 0.0) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + CurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + AlphaName(1) + "\", " + cAlphaFieldNames(3) +
                                         ", maximum is < 0.0");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Schedule=\"" + AlphaName(3) + "\". Maximum is [" + RoundSigDigits(SchMax, 1) +
-                                          "]. Values must be >= 0.0.");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Schedule=\"{}\". Maximum is [{:.1R}]. Values must be >= 0.0.", AlphaName(3), SchMax));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -1003,7 +986,7 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
             if (IHGNumbers(1) < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, RoutineName + "Negative values are not allowed for " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " +
                                 AlphaName(1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, "The input value is " + RoundSigDigits(IHGNumbers(1), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("The input value is {:.2R}", IHGNumbers(1)));
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
 
@@ -1065,7 +1048,7 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValue;
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValueMinMax;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
@@ -1662,7 +1645,7 @@ namespace ZoneContaminantPredictorCorrector {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
 
         static std::string const RoutineName("PredictZoneContaminants");
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneDehumidifier.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneDehumidifier.cc
index 1de55812f41..236656aadb7 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneDehumidifier.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneDehumidifier.cc
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataWater.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneEnergyDemands.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneEquipment.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/OutputProcessor.hh>
@@ -111,7 +110,7 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
     using namespace DataLoopNode;
     using DataEnvironment::OutBaroPress;
     using DataEnvironment::StdBaroPress;
-    using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
     using namespace ScheduleManager;
 
     void SimZoneDehumidifier(EnergyPlusData &state,
@@ -159,13 +158,19 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
         } else {
             ZoneDehumidNum = CompIndex;
             if (ZoneDehumidNum > state.dataZoneDehumidifier->NumDehumidifiers || ZoneDehumidNum < 1) {
-                ShowFatalError(state, "SimZoneDehumidifier:  Invalid CompIndex passed= " + TrimSigDigits(ZoneDehumidNum) +
-                               ", Number of Units= " + TrimSigDigits(state.dataZoneDehumidifier->NumDehumidifiers) + ", Entered Unit name= " + CompName);
+                ShowFatalError(state,
+                               format("SimZoneDehumidifier:  Invalid CompIndex passed= {}, Number of Units= {}, Entered Unit name= {}",
+                                      ZoneDehumidNum,
+                                      state.dataZoneDehumidifier->NumDehumidifiers,
+                                      CompName));
             }
             if (state.dataZoneDehumidifier->CheckEquipName(ZoneDehumidNum)) {
                 if (CompName != state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidNum).Name) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimZoneDehumidifier: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(ZoneDehumidNum) + ", Unit name= " + CompName +
-                                   ", stored Unit Name for that index= " + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidNum).Name);
+                    ShowFatalError(state,
+                                   format("SimZoneDehumidifier: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Unit name= {}, stored Unit Name for that index= {}",
+                                          ZoneDehumidNum,
+                                          CompName,
+                                          state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidNum).Name));
                 }
                 state.dataZoneDehumidifier->CheckEquipName(ZoneDehumidNum) = false;
             }
@@ -283,7 +288,7 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
             state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).RatedWaterRemoval = Numbers(1);
             if (state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).RatedWaterRemoval <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cNumericFields(1) + " must be greater than zero.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value specified = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(1), 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value specified = {:.5T}", Numbers(1)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -292,7 +297,7 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
             state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).RatedEnergyFactor = Numbers(2);
             if (state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).RatedEnergyFactor <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cNumericFields(2) + " must be greater than zero.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value specified = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(2), 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value specified = {:.5T}", Numbers(2)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -301,7 +306,7 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
             state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).RatedAirVolFlow = Numbers(3);
             if (state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).RatedAirVolFlow <= 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cNumericFields(3) + " must be greater than zero.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value specified = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(3), 5));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value specified = {:.5T}", Numbers(3)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -331,7 +336,7 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
                     if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, cAlphaFields(5) + " output is not equal to 1.0");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "(+ or -10%) at rated conditions for " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -361,7 +366,7 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
                     if (CurveVal > 1.10 || CurveVal < 0.90) {
                         ShowWarningError(state, cAlphaFields(6) + " output is not equal to 1.0");
                         ShowContinueError(state, "(+ or -10%) at rated conditions for " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + Alphas(1));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "Curve output at rated conditions = " + TrimSigDigits(CurveVal, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("Curve output at rated conditions = {:.3T}", CurveVal));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -394,8 +399,8 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
 
             if (state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).MinInletAirTemp >= state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).MaxInletAirTemp) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cNumericFields(5) + " must be greater than " + cNumericFields(4));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(5) + " specified = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(5), 1));
-                ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFields(4) + " specified = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(4), 1));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} specified = {:.1T}", cNumericFields(5), Numbers(5)));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("{} specified = {:.1T}", cNumericFields(4), Numbers(4)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -405,7 +410,7 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
 
             if (state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).OffCycleParasiticLoad < 0.0) {
                 ShowSevereError(state, cNumericFields(6) + " must be >= zero.");
-                ShowContinueError(state, "Value specified = " + TrimSigDigits(Numbers(6), 2));
+                ShowContinueError(state, format("Value specified = {:.2T}", Numbers(6)));
                 ShowContinueError(state, "Occurs in " + CurrentModuleObject + " = " + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumidIndex).Name);
                 ErrorsFound = true;
             }
@@ -775,9 +780,13 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
                 if (state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).WaterRemovalCurveErrorCount < 1) {
                     ++state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).WaterRemovalCurveErrorCount;
                     ShowWarningError(state, state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).UnitType + " \"" + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Water Removal Rate Curve output is <= 0.0 (" + TrimSigDigits(WaterRemovalRateFactor, 5) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an inlet air dry-bulb temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirTemp, 2) +
-                                      " and an inlet air relative humidity of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirRH, 1) + '.');
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Water Removal Rate Curve output is <= 0.0 ({:.5T}).", WaterRemovalRateFactor));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format(
+                            " Negative value occurs using an inlet air dry-bulb temperature of {:.2T} and an inlet air relative humidity of {:.1T}.",
+                            InletAirTemp,
+                            InletAirRH));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Dehumidifier turned off for this time step but simulation continues.");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).UnitType + " \"" + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).Name +
@@ -809,9 +818,13 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
                 if (state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).EnergyFactorCurveErrorCount < 1) {
                     ++state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).EnergyFactorCurveErrorCount;
                     ShowWarningError(state, state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).UnitType + " \"" + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).Name + "\":");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Energy Factor Curve output is <= 0.0 (" + TrimSigDigits(EnergyFactorAdjFactor, 5) + ").");
-                    ShowContinueError(state, " Negative value occurs using an inlet air dry-bulb temperature of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirTemp, 2) +
-                                      " and an inlet air relative humidity of " + TrimSigDigits(InletAirRH, 1) + '.');
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format(" Energy Factor Curve output is <= 0.0 ({:.5T}).", EnergyFactorAdjFactor));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format(
+                            " Negative value occurs using an inlet air dry-bulb temperature of {:.2T} and an inlet air relative humidity of {:.1T}.",
+                            InletAirTemp,
+                            InletAirRH));
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " Dehumidifier turned off for this time step but simulation continues.");
                 } else {
                     ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).UnitType + " \"" + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).Name +
@@ -837,8 +850,8 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
                     if (state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).LowPLFErrorCount < 1) {
                         ++state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).LowPLFErrorCount;
                         ShowWarningError(state, state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).UnitType + " \"" + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " The Part Load Fraction Correlation Curve output is (" + TrimSigDigits(PLF, 2) +
-                                          ") at a part-load ratio =" + TrimSigDigits(PLR, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format(" The Part Load Fraction Correlation Curve output is ({:.2T}) at a part-load ratio ={:.3T}", PLF, PLR));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " PLF curve values must be >= 0.7.  PLF has been reset to 0.7 and simulation is continuing.");
                     } else {
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).UnitType + " \"" + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).Name +
@@ -854,8 +867,8 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
                     if (state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).HighPLFErrorCount < 1) {
                         ++state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).HighPLFErrorCount;
                         ShowWarningError(state, state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).UnitType + " \"" + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, " The Part Load Fraction Correlation Curve output is (" + TrimSigDigits(PLF, 2) +
-                                          ") at a part-load ratio =" + TrimSigDigits(PLR, 3));
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state, format(" The Part Load Fraction Correlation Curve output is ({:.2T}) at a part-load ratio ={:.3T}", PLF, PLR));
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, " PLF curve values must be < 1.0.  PLF has been reset to 1.0 and simulation is continuing.");
                     } else {
                         ShowRecurringWarningErrorAtEnd(state, state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).UnitType + " \"" + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).Name +
@@ -873,8 +886,11 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
                     if (state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).PLFPLRErrorCount < 1) {
                         ++state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).PLFPLRErrorCount;
                         ShowWarningError(state, state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).UnitType + " \"" + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The part load fraction was less than the part load ratio calculated for this time step [PLR=" +
-                                          TrimSigDigits(PLR, 4) + ", PLF=" + TrimSigDigits(PLF, 4) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(
+                            state,
+                            format("The part load fraction was less than the part load ratio calculated for this time step [PLR={:.4T}, PLF={:.4T}].",
+                                   PLR,
+                                   PLF));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Runtime fraction reset to 1 and the simulation will continue.");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     } else {
@@ -889,8 +905,7 @@ namespace ZoneDehumidifier {
                     if (state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).HighRTFErrorCount < 1) {
                         ++state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).HighRTFErrorCount;
                         ShowWarningError(state, state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).UnitType + " \"" + state.dataZoneDehumidifier->ZoneDehumid(ZoneDehumNum).Name + "\":");
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "The runtime fraction for this zone dehumidifier exceeded 1.0 [" + TrimSigDigits(RunTimeFraction, 4) +
-                                          "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("The runtime fraction for this zone dehumidifier exceeded 1.0 [{:.4T}].", RunTimeFraction));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Runtime fraction reset to 1 and the simulation will continue.");
                         ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                     } else {
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneEquipmentManager.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneEquipmentManager.cc
index 49da159534d..ca3e97bfb99 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneEquipmentManager.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneEquipmentManager.cc
@@ -443,7 +443,6 @@ namespace ZoneEquipmentManager {
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::DeadBandOrSetback;
         using DataZoneEnergyDemands::ZoneSysEnergyDemand;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Parameters
         static std::string const RoutineName("SizeZoneEquipment");
@@ -1421,7 +1420,6 @@ namespace ZoneEquipmentManager {
         using DataHVACGlobals::SmallTempDiff;
         using EMSManager::ManageEMS;
         using General::MovingAvg;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
 
@@ -1859,33 +1857,30 @@ namespace ZoneEquipmentManager {
                                 }
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...check zone thermostat set point and design supply air temperatures");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...zone name = " + CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneName);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...design sensible cooling load = " + RoundSigDigits(CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesCoolLoad, 2) +
-                                                  " W");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...thermostat set point temp    = " + RoundSigDigits(CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).CoolTstatTemp, 3) +
-                                                  " C");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...design sensible cooling load = {:.2R} W", CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesCoolLoad));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...thermostat set point temp    = {:.3R} C", CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).CoolTstatTemp));
                                 ShowContinueError(state,
-                                    "...zone temperature             = " + RoundSigDigits(CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneTempAtCoolPeak, 3) + " C");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...supply air temperature       = " + RoundSigDigits(SupplyTemp, 3) + " C");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...temperature difference       = " + RoundSigDigits(DeltaTemp, 5) + " C");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...calculated volume flow rate  = " + RoundSigDigits((CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesCoolVolFlow), 5) +
-                                                  " m3/s");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...calculated mass flow rate    = " + RoundSigDigits((CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesCoolMassFlow), 5) +
-                                                  " kg/s");
+                                                  format("...zone temperature             = {:.3R} C", CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneTempAtCoolPeak));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...supply air temperature       = {:.3R} C", SupplyTemp));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...temperature difference       = {:.5R} C", DeltaTemp));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("...calculated volume flow rate  = {:.5R} m3/s", (CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesCoolVolFlow)));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("...calculated mass flow rate    = {:.5R} kg/s", (CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesCoolMassFlow)));
                                 if (SupplyTemp > CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneTempAtCoolPeak)
                                     ShowContinueError(state,
                                         "...Note: supply air temperature should be less than zone temperature during cooling air flow calculations");
                             } else if (std::abs(DeltaTemp) > SmallTempDiff && SupplyTemp > CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneTempAtCoolPeak) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state,
                                     "UpdateZoneSizing: Supply air temperature is greater than zone temperature during cooling air flow calculations");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...calculated volume flow rate  = " + RoundSigDigits((CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesCoolVolFlow), 5) +
-                                                  " m3/s");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...calculated mass flow rate    = " + RoundSigDigits((CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesCoolMassFlow), 5) +
-                                                  " kg/s");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...thermostat set point temp    = " + RoundSigDigits(CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).CoolTstatTemp, 3) +
-                                                  " C");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...zone temperature            = " + RoundSigDigits(CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneTempAtCoolPeak, 3) +
-                                                  " C");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...supply air temperature      = " + RoundSigDigits(SupplyTemp, 3) + " C");
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("...calculated volume flow rate  = {:.5R} m3/s", (CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesCoolVolFlow)));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("...calculated mass flow rate    = {:.5R} kg/s", (CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesCoolMassFlow)));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...thermostat set point temp    = {:.3R} C", CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).CoolTstatTemp));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("...zone temperature            = {:.3R} C", CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneTempAtCoolPeak));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...supply air temperature      = {:.3R} C", SupplyTemp));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...occurs in zone              = " + CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state,
                                     "...Note: supply air temperature should be less than zone temperature during cooling air flow calculations");
@@ -1910,32 +1905,32 @@ namespace ZoneEquipmentManager {
                                 }
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...check zone thermostat set point and design supply air temperatures");
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...zone name = " + CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneName);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...design heating load         = " + RoundSigDigits(CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesHeatLoad, 2) + " W");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...thermostat set point temp   = " + RoundSigDigits(CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).HeatTstatTemp, 3) +
-                                                  " C");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...zone temperature            = " + RoundSigDigits(CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneTempAtHeatPeak, 3) +
-                                                  " C");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...supply air temperature      = " + RoundSigDigits(SupplyTemp, 3) + " C");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...temperature difference      = " + RoundSigDigits(DeltaTemp, 5) + " C");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...calculated volume flow rate = " + RoundSigDigits((CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesHeatVolFlow), 5) +
-                                                  " m3/s");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...calculated mass flow rate   = " + RoundSigDigits((CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesHeatMassFlow), 5) +
-                                                  " kg/s");
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...design heating load         = {:.2R} W", CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesHeatLoad));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...thermostat set point temp   = {:.3R} C", CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).HeatTstatTemp));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("...zone temperature            = {:.3R} C", CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneTempAtHeatPeak));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...supply air temperature      = {:.3R} C", SupplyTemp));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...temperature difference      = {:.5R} C", DeltaTemp));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("...calculated volume flow rate = {:.5R} m3/s", (CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesHeatVolFlow)));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("...calculated mass flow rate   = {:.5R} kg/s", (CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesHeatMassFlow)));
                                 if (SupplyTemp < CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneTempAtHeatPeak)
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "...Note: supply air temperature should be greater than zone temperature during heating air "
                                                       "flow calculations");
                             } else if (std::abs(DeltaTemp) > SmallTempDiff && SupplyTemp < CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneTempAtHeatPeak) {
                                 ShowSevereError(state,
                                     "UpdateZoneSizing: Supply air temperature is less than zone temperature during heating air flow calculations");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...calculated design heating volume flow rate = " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits((CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesHeatVolFlow), 5) + " m3/s");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...calculated design heating mass flow rate   = " +
-                                                  RoundSigDigits((CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesHeatMassFlow), 5) + " kg/s");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...thermostat set piont temp   = " + RoundSigDigits(CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).HeatTstatTemp, 3) +
-                                                  " C");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...zone temperature            = " + RoundSigDigits(CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneTempAtHeatPeak, 3) +
-                                                  " C");
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "...supply air temperature      = " + RoundSigDigits(SupplyTemp, 3) + " C");
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("...calculated design heating volume flow rate = {:.5R} m3/s", (CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesHeatVolFlow)));
+                                ShowContinueError(
+                                    state,
+                                    format("...calculated design heating mass flow rate   = {:.5R} kg/s", (CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).DesHeatMassFlow)));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...thermostat set piont temp   = {:.3R} C", CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).HeatTstatTemp));
+                                ShowContinueError(state,
+                                                  format("...zone temperature            = {:.3R} C", CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneTempAtHeatPeak));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("...supply air temperature      = {:.3R} C", SupplyTemp));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...occurs in zone              = " + CalcFinalZoneSizing(I).ZoneName);
                                 ShowContinueError(state, "...Note: supply air temperature should be greater than zone temperature during heating air "
                                                   "flow calculations");
@@ -4156,18 +4151,21 @@ namespace ZoneEquipmentManager {
                                                      " there is unbalanced air flow. Load due to induced outdoor air is neglected.");
                                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "");
                                     ShowContinueError(state,
-                                        "  Flows [m3/s]: Inlets: " +
-                                        General::RoundSigDigits(thisZoneEquip.TotInletAirMassFlowRate / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir, 6) +
-                                        "  Unbalanced exhausts: " + General::RoundSigDigits(sysUnbalExhaust / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir, 6) +
-                                        "  Returns: " + General::RoundSigDigits(totalZoneReturnMassFlow / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir, 6));
+                                                      format("  Flows [m3/s]: Inlets: {:.6R}  Unbalanced exhausts: {:.6R}  Returns: {:.6R}",
+                                                             thisZoneEquip.TotInletAirMassFlowRate / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir,
+                                                             sysUnbalExhaust / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir,
+                                                             totalZoneReturnMassFlow / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir));
                                     ShowContinueError(state,
-                                        "  Infiltration: " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataHeatBalFanSys::OAMFL(actualZone) / rhoZone, 6) +
-                                        "  Zone Ventilation: " + General::RoundSigDigits(DataHeatBalFanSys::VAMFL(actualZone) / rhoZone, 6) +
-                                        "  Mixing (incoming): " +
-                                        General::RoundSigDigits(DataHeatBalFanSys::MixingMassFlowZone(actualZone) / rhoZone, 6));
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, "  Imbalance (excess outflow): " + General::RoundSigDigits(unbalancedVolFlow, 6) +
-                                                      "  Total system OA flow (for all airloops serving this zone): " +
-                                                      General::RoundSigDigits(thisZoneEquip.TotAvailAirLoopOA / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir, 6));
+                                                      format("  Infiltration: {:.6R}  Zone Ventilation: {:.6R}  Mixing (incoming): {:.6R}",
+                                                             DataHeatBalFanSys::OAMFL(actualZone) / rhoZone,
+                                                             DataHeatBalFanSys::VAMFL(actualZone) / rhoZone,
+                                                             DataHeatBalFanSys::MixingMassFlowZone(actualZone) / rhoZone));
+                                    ShowContinueError(
+                                        state,
+                                        format(
+                                            "  Imbalance (excess outflow): {:.6R}  Total system OA flow (for all airloops serving this zone): {:.6R}",
+                                            unbalancedVolFlow,
+                                            thisZoneEquip.TotAvailAirLoopOA / DataEnvironment::StdRhoAir));
                                     ShowContinueError(state, "  This error will only be reported once per zone.");
                                     thisZoneEquip.FlowError = true;
                                 }
@@ -5766,7 +5764,6 @@ namespace ZoneEquipmentManager {
         // This subroutine writes the DOAS Sizing:Zone input for 1 zone to the eio file
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
         // Formats
         static constexpr auto Format_990(
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ZonePlenum.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ZonePlenum.cc
index 89aabc67368..8bc5c435583 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ZonePlenum.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ZonePlenum.cc
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataHeatBalance.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataLoopNode.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/DataZoneEquipment.hh>
-#include <EnergyPlus/General.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/Data/EnergyPlusData.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/InputProcessing/InputProcessor.hh>
 #include <EnergyPlus/NodeInputManager.hh>
@@ -119,7 +118,6 @@ namespace ZonePlenum {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneReturnPlenum_Type;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneSupplyPlenum_Type;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
         int ZonePlenumNum; // The ZonePlenum that you are currently loading input into
@@ -141,15 +139,22 @@ namespace ZonePlenum {
             } else {
                 ZonePlenumNum = CompIndex;
                 if (ZonePlenumNum > state.dataZonePlenum->NumZoneReturnPlenums || ZonePlenumNum < 1) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimAirZonePlenum: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(ZonePlenumNum) +
-                                   ", Number of AirLoopHVAC:ReturnPlenum=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataZonePlenum->NumZoneReturnPlenums) +
-                                   ", AirLoopHVAC:ReturnPlenum name=" + CompName);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format(
+                            "SimAirZonePlenum: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of AirLoopHVAC:ReturnPlenum={}, AirLoopHVAC:ReturnPlenum name={}",
+                            ZonePlenumNum,
+                            state.dataZonePlenum->NumZoneReturnPlenums,
+                            CompName));
                 }
                 if (state.dataZonePlenum->CheckRetEquipName(ZonePlenumNum)) {
                     if (CompName != state.dataZonePlenum->ZoneRetPlenCond(ZonePlenumNum).ZonePlenumName) {
-                        ShowFatalError(state, "SimAirZonePlenum: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(ZonePlenumNum) +
-                                       ", AirLoopHVAC:ReturnPlenum name=" + CompName +
-                                       ", stored AirLoopHVAC:ReturnPlenum Name for that index=" + state.dataZonePlenum->ZoneRetPlenCond(ZonePlenumNum).ZonePlenumName);
+                        ShowFatalError(state,
+                                       format("SimAirZonePlenum: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, AirLoopHVAC:ReturnPlenum name={}, stored "
+                                              "AirLoopHVAC:ReturnPlenum Name for that index={}",
+                                              ZonePlenumNum,
+                                              CompName,
+                                              state.dataZonePlenum->ZoneRetPlenCond(ZonePlenumNum).ZonePlenumName));
                     }
                     state.dataZonePlenum->CheckRetEquipName(ZonePlenumNum) = false;
                 }
@@ -172,15 +177,22 @@ namespace ZonePlenum {
             } else {
                 ZonePlenumNum = CompIndex;
                 if (ZonePlenumNum > state.dataZonePlenum->NumZoneSupplyPlenums || ZonePlenumNum < 1) {
-                    ShowFatalError(state, "SimAirZonePlenum: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(ZonePlenumNum) +
-                                   ", Number of AirLoopHVAC:SupplyPlenum=" + TrimSigDigits(state.dataZonePlenum->NumZoneReturnPlenums) +
-                                   ", AirLoopHVAC:SupplyPlenum name=" + CompName);
+                    ShowFatalError(
+                        state,
+                        format(
+                            "SimAirZonePlenum: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, Number of AirLoopHVAC:SupplyPlenum={}, AirLoopHVAC:SupplyPlenum name={}",
+                            ZonePlenumNum,
+                            state.dataZonePlenum->NumZoneReturnPlenums,
+                            CompName));
                 }
                 if (state.dataZonePlenum->CheckSupEquipName(ZonePlenumNum)) {
                     if (CompName != state.dataZonePlenum->ZoneSupPlenCond(ZonePlenumNum).ZonePlenumName) {
-                        ShowFatalError(state, "SimAirZonePlenum: Invalid CompIndex passed=" + TrimSigDigits(ZonePlenumNum) +
-                                       ", AirLoopHVAC:SupplyPlenum name=" + CompName +
-                                       ", stored AirLoopHVAC:SupplyPlenum Name for that index=" + state.dataZonePlenum->ZoneSupPlenCond(ZonePlenumNum).ZonePlenumName);
+                        ShowFatalError(state,
+                                       format("SimAirZonePlenum: Invalid CompIndex passed={}, AirLoopHVAC:SupplyPlenum name={}, stored "
+                                              "AirLoopHVAC:SupplyPlenum Name for that index={}",
+                                              ZonePlenumNum,
+                                              CompName,
+                                              state.dataZonePlenum->ZoneSupPlenCond(ZonePlenumNum).ZonePlenumName));
                     }
                     state.dataZonePlenum->CheckSupEquipName(ZonePlenumNum) = false;
                 }
@@ -194,7 +206,7 @@ namespace ZonePlenum {
 
         } else {
             ShowSevereError(state, "SimAirZonePlenum: Errors in Plenum=" + CompName);
-            ShowContinueError(state, "ZonePlenum: Unhandled plenum type found:" + TrimSigDigits(iCompType));
+            ShowContinueError(state, format("ZonePlenum: Unhandled plenum type found:{}", iCompType));
             ShowFatalError(state, "Preceding conditions cause termination.");
         }
     }
@@ -670,6 +682,7 @@ namespace ZonePlenum {
             // Check that all ADUs with leakage found a return plenum
             for (ADUNum = 1; ADUNum <= NumAirDistUnits; ++ADUNum) {
                 auto &thisADU(AirDistUnit(ADUNum));
+                // TODO: this is comparing the same thing twice
                 if ((thisADU.DownStreamLeak || thisADU.DownStreamLeak) && (thisADU.RetPlenumNum == 0)) {
                     ShowWarningError(state, "No return plenum found for simple duct leakage for ZoneHVAC:AirDistributionUnit=" + thisADU.Name +
                                      " in Zone=" + ZoneEquipConfig(thisADU.ZoneEqNum).ZoneName);
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneTempPredictorCorrector.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneTempPredictorCorrector.cc
index 544593cb042..4ac20077a37 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneTempPredictorCorrector.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/ZoneTempPredictorCorrector.cc
@@ -255,8 +255,7 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
         using namespace DataIPShortCuts;
         using General::CheckCreatedZoneItemName;
         using General::FindNumberInList;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValue;
         using ScheduleManager::CheckScheduleValueMinMax;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleIndex;
@@ -517,8 +516,9 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                             TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).DeltaTCutSet = rNumericArgs(1);
                             if (rNumericArgs(1) > 0.0) state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->NumOnOffCtrZone++;
                         } else {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                            TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 0) + "].");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}=\"{} invalid {}=[{:.0T}].", cCurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..Allowable values must be greater or equal to 0");
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
@@ -824,9 +824,11 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                         }
 
                     } else {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "GetZoneAirSetpoints: Illegal control type for Zone=" + Zone(ActualZoneNum).Name +
-                                        ", Found value=" + TrimSigDigits(ControlTypeNum) +
-                                        ", in Schedule=" + TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).ControlTypeSchedName);
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("GetZoneAirSetpoints: Illegal control type for Zone={}, Found value={}, in Schedule={}",
+                                               Zone(ActualZoneNum).Name,
+                                               ControlTypeNum,
+                                               TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).ControlTypeSchedName));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..valid range values are [0,4].");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
@@ -1148,8 +1150,9 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                     if (NumNums > 0) {
                         ComfortControlledZone(ComfortControlledZoneNum).TdbMinSetPoint = rNumericArgs(1);
                         if (rNumericArgs(1) > 50 || rNumericArgs(1) < 0) {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                            TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 0) + "].");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}=\"{} invalid {}=[{:.0T}].", cCurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFieldNames(1), rNumericArgs(1)));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..Allowable values must be between 0 C and 50 C");
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
@@ -1157,8 +1160,9 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                     if (NumNums > 1) {
                         ComfortControlledZone(ComfortControlledZoneNum).TdbMaxSetPoint = rNumericArgs(2);
                         if (rNumericArgs(2) > 50 || rNumericArgs(2) < 0) {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" +
-                                            TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 0) + "].");
+                            ShowSevereError(
+                                state,
+                                format("{}=\"{} invalid {}=[{:.0T}].", cCurrentModuleObject, cAlphaArgs(1), cNumericFieldNames(2), rNumericArgs(2)));
                             ShowContinueError(state, "..Allowable values must be between 0 C and 50 C");
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
@@ -1168,7 +1172,7 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                         ComfortControlledZone(ComfortControlledZoneNum).TdbMaxSetPoint) {
                         ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1));
                         ShowContinueError(state, ".." + cNumericFieldNames(1) + " > " + cNumericFieldNames(2));
-                        ShowContinueError(state, "..[" + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 0) + "] > [" + TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 0) + "].");
+                        ShowContinueError(state, format("..[{:.0T}] > [{:.0T}].", rNumericArgs(1), rNumericArgs(2)));
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
                     // If MaxTemp = MinTemp, no thermal comfort control
@@ -1576,9 +1580,11 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                         // CASE KSU
 
                     } else {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, "GetZoneAirSetpoints: Illegal control type for Zone=" + Zone(ActualZoneNum).Name +
-                                        ", Found value=" + TrimSigDigits(ControlTypeNum) +
-                                        ", in Schedule=" + ComfortControlledZone(ComfortControlledZoneNum).ControlTypeSchedName);
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("GetZoneAirSetpoints: Illegal control type for Zone={}, Found value={}, in Schedule={}",
+                                               Zone(ActualZoneNum).Name,
+                                               ControlTypeNum,
+                                               ComfortControlledZone(ComfortControlledZoneNum).ControlTypeSchedName));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..valid range values are [0,4].");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
@@ -1805,14 +1811,22 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                         // check validity of fixed radiative fraction
                         if ((TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).FixedRadiativeFraction < 0.0) &&
                             (!(TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).OpTempCntrlModeScheduled))) {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                            TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) + "\" cannot be negative.");
+                            ShowSevereError(state,
+                                            format("{}={} invalid {}=[{:.2T}\" cannot be negative.",
+                                                   cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                   cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                   cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                                   rNumericArgs(1)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                         if ((TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).FixedRadiativeFraction >= 0.9) &&
                             (!(TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).OpTempCntrlModeScheduled))) {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                            TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) + "\" cannot >= .9.");
+                            ShowSevereError(state,
+                                            format("{}={} invalid {}=[{:.2T}\" cannot >= .9.",
+                                                   cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                   cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                   cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                                   rNumericArgs(1)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
 
@@ -1892,16 +1906,24 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                         if (Item == 1) {
                             if ((TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).FixedRadiativeFraction < 0.0) &&
                                 (!(TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).OpTempCntrlModeScheduled))) {
-                                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                                TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) + "\" cannot be negative.");
+                                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                format("{}={} invalid {}=[{:.2T}\" cannot be negative.",
+                                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                       cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                                       rNumericArgs(1)));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
                         if (Item == 1) {
                             if ((TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).FixedRadiativeFraction >= 0.9) &&
                                 (!(TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).OpTempCntrlModeScheduled))) {
-                                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                                TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) + "\" cannot >= .9.");
+                                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                format("{}={} invalid {}=[{:.2T}\" cannot >= .9.",
+                                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                       cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                                       rNumericArgs(1)));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -2020,14 +2042,22 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                         // check validity of zone Overcool constant range
                         if ((TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).ZoneOvercoolConstRange < 0.0) &&
                             (!(TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).OvercoolCntrlModeScheduled))) {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                            TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) + "\" cannot be negative.");
+                            ShowSevereError(state,
+                                            format("{}={} invalid {}=[{:.2T}\" cannot be negative.",
+                                                   cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                   cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                   cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                                   rNumericArgs(1)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                         if ((TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).ZoneOvercoolConstRange > 3.0) &&
                             (!(TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).OvercoolCntrlModeScheduled))) {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                            TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) + "\" cannot be > 3.0");
+                            ShowSevereError(state,
+                                            format("{}={} invalid {}=[{:.2T}\" cannot be > 3.0",
+                                                   cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                   cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                   cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                                   rNumericArgs(1)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
 
@@ -2045,8 +2075,12 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                         // check Overcool Control Ratio limits
                         TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).ZoneOvercoolControlRatio = rNumericArgs(2);
                         if (TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).ZoneOvercoolControlRatio < 0.0) {
-                            ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(2) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" +
-                                            TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 2) + "\" cannot be negative.");
+                            ShowSevereError(state,
+                                            format("{}={} invalid {}=[{:.2T}\" cannot be negative.",
+                                                   cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                   cAlphaArgs(2),
+                                                   cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                                   rNumericArgs(2)));
                             ErrorsFound = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -2089,16 +2123,24 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                         if (Item == 1) {
                             if ((TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).ZoneOvercoolConstRange < 0.0) &&
                                 (!(TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).OvercoolCntrlModeScheduled))) {
-                                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                                TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) + "\" cannot be negative.");
+                                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                format("{}={} invalid {}=[{:.2T}\" cannot be negative.",
+                                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                       cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                                       rNumericArgs(1)));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
                         if (Item == 1) {
                             if ((TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).ZoneOvercoolConstRange > 3.0) &&
                                 (!(TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).OvercoolCntrlModeScheduled))) {
-                                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(1) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=[" +
-                                                TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 2) + "\" cannot > 3.0");
+                                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                format("{}={} invalid {}=[{:.2T}\" cannot > 3.0",
+                                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                       cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                                       rNumericArgs(1)));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -2119,8 +2161,12 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                         // check Overcool Control Ratio limits
                         if (Item == 1) {
                             if (TempControlledZone(TempControlledZoneNum).ZoneOvercoolControlRatio < 0.0) {
-                                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + '=' + cAlphaArgs(2) + " invalid " + cNumericFieldNames(2) + "=[" +
-                                                TrimSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 2) + "\" cannot be negative.");
+                                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                format("{}={} invalid {}=[{:.2T}\" cannot be negative.",
+                                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                       cAlphaArgs(2),
+                                                       cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                                       rNumericArgs(2)));
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
                         }
@@ -2244,8 +2290,12 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
 
                     StageControlledZone(StageControlledZoneNum).NumOfHeatStages = rNumericArgs(1);
                     if (rNumericArgs(1) < 1 || rNumericArgs(1) > 4) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid range " + cNumericFieldNames(1) + "=\"" +
-                                        RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1), 0) + "\"");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}=\"{}\" invalid range {}=\"{:.0R}\"",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                               cNumericFieldNames(1),
+                                               rNumericArgs(1)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..contains values outside of range [1,4].");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
@@ -2262,8 +2312,11 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
 
                     StageControlledZone(StageControlledZoneNum).HeatThroRange = rNumericArgs(2);
                     if (rNumericArgs(1) < 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" negative value is found at " + cNumericFieldNames(2) +
-                                        "=\"" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2), 1) + "\"");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" negative value is found at {}=\"{:.1R}\"",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               cNumericFieldNames(2),
+                                               rNumericArgs(2)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, ".. The minumum value is 0.");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
@@ -2273,8 +2326,9 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                         for (i = 1; i <= StageControlledZone(StageControlledZoneNum).NumOfHeatStages; ++i) {
                             StageControlledZone(StageControlledZoneNum).HeatTOffset(i) = rNumericArgs(2 + i);
                             if (rNumericArgs(2 + i) > 0.0) {
-                                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" positive value is found at " +
-                                                cNumericFieldNames(2 + i) + "=\"" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2 + i), 1) + "\"");
+                                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" positive value is found at " +
+                                                    format("{}=\"{:.1R}\"", cNumericFieldNames(2 + i), rNumericArgs(2 + i)));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, ".. The maximum value is 0.");
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
@@ -2285,9 +2339,13 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                             }
                             if (i > 1) {
                                 if (rNumericArgs(2 + i) >= rNumericArgs(1 + i)) {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" The value at " + cNumericFieldNames(2 + i) +
-                                                    "=\"" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(2 + i), 1) + "\" has to be less than ");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(1 + i) + "=\"" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(1 + i), 1));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}=\"{}\" The value at {}=\"{:.1R}\" has to be less than ",
+                                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(2 + i),
+                                                           rNumericArgs(2 + i)));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("{}=\"{:.1R}", cNumericFieldNames(1 + i), rNumericArgs(1 + i)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -2296,8 +2354,12 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
 
                     StageControlledZone(StageControlledZoneNum).NumOfCoolStages = rNumericArgs(7);
                     if (rNumericArgs(7) < 1 || rNumericArgs(7) > 4) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" invalid range " + cNumericFieldNames(7) + "=\"" +
-                                        RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(7), 0) + "\"");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}=\"{}\" invalid range {}=\"{:.0R}\"",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                               cNumericFieldNames(7),
+                                               rNumericArgs(7)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, "..contains values outside of range [1,4].");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
@@ -2314,8 +2376,12 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
 
                     StageControlledZone(StageControlledZoneNum).CoolThroRange = rNumericArgs(8);
                     if (rNumericArgs(8) < 0.0) {
-                        ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" negative value is found at " + cNumericFieldNames(8) +
-                                        "=\"" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(8), 1) + "\"");
+                        ShowSevereError(state,
+                                        format("{}=\"{}\" negative value is found at {}=\"{:.1R}\"",
+                                               cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                               cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                               cNumericFieldNames(8),
+                                               rNumericArgs(8)));
                         ShowContinueError(state, ".. The minumum value is 0.");
                         ErrorsFound = true;
                     }
@@ -2325,8 +2391,12 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                         for (i = 1; i <= StageControlledZone(StageControlledZoneNum).NumOfCoolStages; ++i) {
                             StageControlledZone(StageControlledZoneNum).CoolTOffset(i) = rNumericArgs(8 + i);
                             if (rNumericArgs(8 + i) < 0.0) {
-                                ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" negative value is found at " +
-                                                cNumericFieldNames(8 + i) + "=\"" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(8 + i), 1) + "\"");
+                                ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                format("{}=\"{}\" negative value is found at {}=\"{:.1R}\"",
+                                                       cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                       cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                       cNumericFieldNames(8 + i),
+                                                       rNumericArgs(8 + i)));
                                 ShowContinueError(state, ".. The minimum value is 0.");
                                 ErrorsFound = true;
                             }
@@ -2337,9 +2407,13 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                             }
                             if (i > 1) {
                                 if (rNumericArgs(8 + i) <= rNumericArgs(7 + i)) {
-                                    ShowSevereError(state, cCurrentModuleObject + "=\"" + cAlphaArgs(1) + "\" The value at " + cNumericFieldNames(8 + i) +
-                                                    "=\"" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(8 + i), 1) + "\" has to be greater than ");
-                                    ShowContinueError(state, cNumericFieldNames(7 + i) + "=\"" + RoundSigDigits(rNumericArgs(7 + i), 1));
+                                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                                    format("{}=\"{}\" The value at {}=\"{:.1R}\" has to be greater than ",
+                                                           cCurrentModuleObject,
+                                                           cAlphaArgs(1),
+                                                           cNumericFieldNames(8 + i),
+                                                           rNumericArgs(8 + i)));
+                                    ShowContinueError(state, format("{}=\"{:.1R}", cNumericFieldNames(7 + i), rNumericArgs(7 + i)));
                                     ErrorsFound = true;
                                 }
                             }
@@ -3193,8 +3267,7 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
         using DataRoomAirModel::ZTM1OC;
         using DataRoomAirModel::ZTMX;
         using DataRoomAirModel::ZTOC;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using InternalHeatGains::SumAllInternalConvectionGainsExceptPeople;
         using RoomAirModelAirflowNetwork::LoadPredictionRoomAirModelAirflowNetwork;
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
@@ -3410,8 +3483,8 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                                     "DualSetPointWithDeadBand: When Temperature Difference Between Cutout And Setpoint is applied, the heating "
                                     "setpoint is greater than the cooling setpoint. ");
                                 ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "occurs in Zone=" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Zone Heating ThermostatSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(ZoneThermostatSetPointLo(ZoneNum), 2));
-                                ShowContinueError(state, "Zone Cooling ThermostatSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(ZoneThermostatSetPointHi(ZoneNum), 2));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone Heating ThermostatSetPoint={:.2R}", ZoneThermostatSetPointLo(ZoneNum)));
+                                ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone Cooling ThermostatSetPoint={:.2R}", ZoneThermostatSetPointHi(ZoneNum)));
                                 ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to above conditions.");
                             }
                         }
@@ -3706,7 +3779,7 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataZoneControls::OccRoomTSetPointCool;
         using DataZoneControls::OccRoomTSetPointHeat;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
         using ScheduleManager::GetScheduleValuesForDay;
 
@@ -3876,9 +3949,11 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                     AdjustCoolingSetPointforTempAndHumidityControl(state, RelativeZoneNum, ActualZoneNum);
 
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "CalcZoneAirTempSetpoints: Illegal control type for Zone=" + Zone(ActualZoneNum).Name +
-                                    ", Found value=" + TrimSigDigits(TempControlType(ActualZoneNum)) +
-                                    ", in Schedule=" + TempControlledZone(RelativeZoneNum).ControlTypeSchedName);
+                    ShowSevereError(state,
+                                    format("CalcZoneAirTempSetpoints: Illegal control type for Zone={}, Found value={}, in Schedule={}",
+                                           Zone(ActualZoneNum).Name,
+                                           TempControlType(ActualZoneNum),
+                                           TempControlledZone(RelativeZoneNum).ControlTypeSchedName));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -3932,7 +4007,7 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
 
         // Using/Aliasing
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
 
         // SUBROUTINE LOCAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS:
@@ -4062,11 +4137,11 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "SingleHeatCoolSetPoint: Effective heating set-point higher than effective cooling set-point - use "
                                     "DualSetPointWithDeadBand if using unmixed air model");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "occurs in Zone=" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "LoadToHeatingSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(LoadToHeatingSetPoint, 3) +
-                                      ", LoadToCoolingSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(LoadToCoolingSetPoint, 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone TempDepZnLd=" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempDepZnLd(ZoneNum), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone TempIndZnLd=" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempIndZnLd(ZoneNum), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone ThermostatSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(TempZoneThermostatSetPoint(ZoneNum), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("LoadToHeatingSetPoint={:.3R}, LoadToCoolingSetPoint={:.3R}", LoadToHeatingSetPoint, LoadToCoolingSetPoint));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone TempDepZnLd={:.2R}", state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempDepZnLd(ZoneNum)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone TempIndZnLd={:.2R}", state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempIndZnLd(ZoneNum)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone ThermostatSetPoint={:.2R}", TempZoneThermostatSetPoint(ZoneNum)));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to above conditions.");
                 }
 
@@ -4086,11 +4161,11 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                     ShowSevereError(state,
                         "SingleHeatCoolSetPoint: Unanticipated combination of heating and cooling loads - report to EnergyPlus Development Team");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "occurs in Zone=" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "LoadToHeatingSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(LoadToHeatingSetPoint, 3) +
-                                      ", LoadToCoolingSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(LoadToCoolingSetPoint, 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone TempDepZnLd=" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempDepZnLd(ZoneNum), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone TempIndZnLd=" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempIndZnLd(ZoneNum), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone ThermostatSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(TempZoneThermostatSetPoint(ZoneNum), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("LoadToHeatingSetPoint={:.3R}, LoadToCoolingSetPoint={:.3R}", LoadToHeatingSetPoint, LoadToCoolingSetPoint));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone TempDepZnLd={:.2R}", state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempDepZnLd(ZoneNum)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone TempIndZnLd={:.2R}", state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempIndZnLd(ZoneNum)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone ThermostatSetPoint={:.2R}", TempZoneThermostatSetPoint(ZoneNum)));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to above conditions.");
                 }
 
@@ -4137,12 +4212,12 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                     ShowSevereError(state, "DualSetPointWithDeadBand: Effective heating set-point higher than effective cooling set-point - increase "
                                     "deadband if using unmixed air model");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "occurs in Zone=" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "LoadToHeatingSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(LoadToHeatingSetPoint, 3) +
-                                      ", LoadToCoolingSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(LoadToCoolingSetPoint, 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone TempDepZnLd=" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempDepZnLd(ZoneNum), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone TempIndZnLd=" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempIndZnLd(ZoneNum), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone Heating ThermostatSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(ZoneThermostatSetPointLo(ZoneNum), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone Cooling ThermostatSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(ZoneThermostatSetPointHi(ZoneNum), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("LoadToHeatingSetPoint={:.3R}, LoadToCoolingSetPoint={:.3R}", LoadToHeatingSetPoint, LoadToCoolingSetPoint));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone TempDepZnLd={:.2R}", state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempDepZnLd(ZoneNum)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone TempIndZnLd={:.2R}", state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempIndZnLd(ZoneNum)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone Heating ThermostatSetPoint={:.2R}", ZoneThermostatSetPointLo(ZoneNum)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone Cooling ThermostatSetPoint={:.2R}", ZoneThermostatSetPointHi(ZoneNum)));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to above conditions.");
                 }
 
@@ -4165,13 +4240,13 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                     ShowSevereError(state,
                         "DualSetPointWithDeadBand: Unanticipated combination of heating and cooling loads - report to EnergyPlus Development Team");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "occurs in Zone=" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "LoadToHeatingSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(LoadToHeatingSetPoint, 3) +
-                                      ", LoadToCoolingSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(LoadToCoolingSetPoint, 3));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone Heating Set-point=" + RoundSigDigits(ZoneThermostatSetPointLo(ZoneNum), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone Cooling Set-point=" + RoundSigDigits(ZoneThermostatSetPointHi(ZoneNum), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone TempDepZnLd=" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempDepZnLd(ZoneNum), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone TempIndZnLd=" + RoundSigDigits(state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempIndZnLd(ZoneNum), 2));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone ThermostatSetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(TempZoneThermostatSetPoint(ZoneNum), 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state, format("LoadToHeatingSetPoint={:.3R}, LoadToCoolingSetPoint={:.3R}", LoadToHeatingSetPoint, LoadToCoolingSetPoint));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone Heating Set-point={:.2R}", ZoneThermostatSetPointLo(ZoneNum)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone Cooling Set-point={:.2R}", ZoneThermostatSetPointHi(ZoneNum)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone TempDepZnLd={:.2R}", state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempDepZnLd(ZoneNum)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone TempIndZnLd={:.2R}", state.dataZoneTempPredictorCorrector->TempIndZnLd(ZoneNum)));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone ThermostatSetPoint={:.2R}", TempZoneThermostatSetPoint(ZoneNum)));
 
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to above conditions.");
                 }
@@ -4319,7 +4394,7 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
         using DataSurfaces::HeatTransferModel_EMPD;
         using DataSurfaces::HeatTransferModel_HAMT;
         using DataSurfaces::Surface;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
 
         // SUBROUTINE PARAMETER DEFINITIONS:
@@ -4616,10 +4691,11 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                     ShowSevereError(state,
                         "Humidistat: Unanticipated combination of humidifying and dehumidifying loads - report to EnergyPlus Development Team");
                     ShowContinueErrorTimeStamp(state, "occurs in Zone=" + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "LoadToHumidifySetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(LoadToHumidifySetPoint, 5) +
-                                      ", LoadToDehumidifySetPoint=" + RoundSigDigits(LoadToDehumidifySetPoint, 5));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone RH Humidifying Set-point=" + RoundSigDigits(ZoneRHHumidifyingSetPoint, 1));
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone RH Dehumidifying Set-point=" + RoundSigDigits(ZoneRHDehumidifyingSetPoint, 2));
+                    ShowContinueError(
+                        state,
+                        format("LoadToHumidifySetPoint={:.5R}, LoadToDehumidifySetPoint={:.5R}", LoadToHumidifySetPoint, LoadToDehumidifySetPoint));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone RH Humidifying Set-point={:.1R}", ZoneRHHumidifyingSetPoint));
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone RH Dehumidifying Set-point={:.2R}", ZoneRHDehumidifyingSetPoint));
                     ShowFatalError(state, "Program terminates due to above conditions.");
                 }
             }
@@ -4712,7 +4788,7 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
         using DataRoomAirModel::ZTM1OC;
         using DataRoomAirModel::ZTMX;
         using DataRoomAirModel::ZTOC;
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using RoomAirModelManager::ManageAirModel;
 
         // HybridModel
@@ -6407,7 +6483,7 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
         using DataDefineEquip::AirDistUnit;
         using DataLoopNode::Node;
         using DataZoneEquipment::ZoneEquipConfig;
-        using General::RoundSigDigits;
+
         using InternalHeatGains::SumAllInternalConvectionGains;
         using InternalHeatGains::SumAllReturnAirConvectionGains;
         //using ZonePlenum::ZoneRetPlenCond;
@@ -6686,7 +6762,7 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
             if ((std::abs(imBalance) > Threshold) && (!state.dataGlobal->WarmupFlag) && (!state.dataGlobal->DoingSizing)) { // air balance is out by more than threshold
                 if (Zone(ZoneNum).AirHBimBalanceErrIndex == 0) {
                     ShowWarningMessage(state, "Zone Air Heat Balance is out of balance for zone named " + Zone(ZoneNum).Name);
-                    ShowContinueError(state, "Zone Air Heat Balance Deviation Rate is more than " + RoundSigDigits(Threshold, 1) + " {W}");
+                    ShowContinueError(state, format("Zone Air Heat Balance Deviation Rate is more than {:.1R} {{W}}", Threshold));
                     if (TurnFansOn) {
                         ShowContinueError(state, "Night cycle fan operation may be causing above error");
                     }
@@ -7019,7 +7095,7 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
         // obtained from thermal comfort models.
 
         // Using/Aliasing
-        using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
         using ScheduleManager::GetCurrentScheduleValue;
         using ThermalComfort::ManageThermalComfort;
 
@@ -7119,9 +7195,12 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                     }
 
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "CalcZoneAirTempSetpoints: Illegal thermal control control type for Zone=" + Zone(ActualZoneNum).Name +
-                                    ", Found value=" + TrimSigDigits(ComfortControlType(ActualZoneNum)) +
-                                    ", in Schedule=" + ComfortControlledZone(RelativeZoneNum).ControlTypeSchedName);
+                    ShowSevereError(
+                        state,
+                        format("CalcZoneAirTempSetpoints: Illegal thermal control control type for Zone={}, Found value={}, in Schedule={}",
+                               Zone(ActualZoneNum).Name,
+                               ComfortControlType(ActualZoneNum),
+                               ComfortControlledZone(RelativeZoneNum).ControlTypeSchedName));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -7348,9 +7427,12 @@ namespace ZoneTempPredictorCorrector {
                     TempControlType(ActualZoneNum) = DualSetPointWithDeadBand;
 
                 } else {
-                    ShowSevereError(state, "CalcZoneAirComfortSetpoints: Illegal thermal control control type for Zone=" + Zone(ActualZoneNum).Name +
-                                    ", Found value=" + TrimSigDigits(ComfortControlType(ActualZoneNum)) +
-                                    ", in Schedule=" + ComfortControlledZone(ActualZoneNum).ControlTypeSchedName);
+                    ShowSevereError(
+                        state,
+                        format("CalcZoneAirComfortSetpoints: Illegal thermal control control type for Zone={}, Found value={}, in Schedule={}",
+                               Zone(ActualZoneNum).Name,
+                               ComfortControlType(ActualZoneNum),
+                               ComfortControlledZone(ActualZoneNum).ControlTypeSchedName));
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/EnergyPlus/api/datatransfer.cc b/src/EnergyPlus/api/datatransfer.cc
index f28650277d0..381fdce9295 100644
--- a/src/EnergyPlus/api/datatransfer.cc
+++ b/src/EnergyPlus/api/datatransfer.cc
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ Real64 getVariableValue(EnergyPlusState state, const int handle) {
         } else {
             // must be running from python plugin, need to fatal out once the plugin is done
             // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return zero
-            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Index error in getVariableValue; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Index error in getVariableValue; received handle: {}", handle));
             EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getVariableValue function will return 0 for now to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         }
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ Real64 getMeterValue(EnergyPlusState state, int handle) {
         } else {
             // must be running from python plugin, need to fatal out once the plugin is done
             // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return zero
-            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Index error in getMeterValue; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Index error in getMeterValue; received handle: {}", handle));
             EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getMeterValue function will return 0 for now to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         }
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
@@ -276,8 +276,10 @@ int getActuatorHandle(EnergyPlusState state, const char* componentType, const ch
                                 + usedActuator.Name + "'.");
                         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "Occurred for componentType='" + typeUC + "', controlType='" + controlUC
                                 + "', uniqueKey='" + keyUC + "'.");
-                        EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getActuatorHandle function will still return the handle (= " + std::to_string(handle)
-                                + ") but caller should take note that there is a risk of overwritting.");
+                        EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState,
+                                                      fmt::format("The getActuatorHandle function will still return the handle (= {}) but caller "
+                                                                  "should take note that there is a risk of overwritting.",
+                                                                  handle));
                         foundActuator = true;
                         break;
                     }
@@ -286,9 +288,10 @@ int getActuatorHandle(EnergyPlusState state, const char* componentType, const ch
                     EnergyPlus::ShowWarningError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: You seem to already have tried to get an Actuator Handle on this one.");
                     EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "Occurred for componentType='" + typeUC + "', controlType='" + controlUC
                                 + "', uniqueKey='" + keyUC + "'.");
-                    EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getActuatorHandle function will still return the handle (= " + std::to_string(handle)
-                                + ") but caller should take note that there is a risk of overwritting.");
-
+                    EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState,
+                                                  fmt::format("The getActuatorHandle function will still return the handle (= {}) but caller should "
+                                                              "take note that there is a risk of overwritting.",
+                                                              handle));
                 }
             }
             ++availActuator.handleCount;
@@ -311,7 +314,7 @@ void resetActuator(EnergyPlusState state, int handle) {
         } else {
             // must be running from python plugin, need to fatal out once the plugin is done
             // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: index error in resetActuator; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: index error in resetActuator; received handle: {}", handle));
             EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The resetActuator function will return to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         }
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
@@ -337,7 +340,7 @@ void setActuatorValue(EnergyPlusState state, const int handle, const Real64 valu
         } else {
             // must be running from python plugin, need to fatal out once the plugin is done
             // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: index error in setActuatorValue; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: index error in setActuatorValue; received handle: {}", handle));
             EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The setActuatorValue function will return to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         }
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
@@ -366,7 +369,7 @@ Real64 getActuatorValue(EnergyPlusState state, const int handle) {
         } else {
             // must be running from python plugin, need to fatal out once the plugin is done
             // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return 0
-            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: index error in getActuatorValue; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: index error in getActuatorValue; received handle: {}", handle));
             EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getActuatorValue function will return 0 for now to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         }
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
@@ -410,7 +413,8 @@ Real64 getInternalVariableValue(EnergyPlusState state, int handle) {
         } else {
             // must be running from python plugin, need to fatal out once the plugin is done
             // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return 0
-            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: index error in getInternalVariableValue; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+            EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState,
+                                        fmt::format("Data Exchange API: index error in getInternalVariableValue; received handle: {}", handle));
             EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getInternalVariableValue function will return 0 for now to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         }
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
@@ -429,7 +433,8 @@ Real64 getPluginGlobalVariableValue(EnergyPlusState state, int handle) {
     if (handle < 0 || handle > EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::pluginManager->maxGlobalVariableIndex) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return 0
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginGlobalVariableValue; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginGlobalVariableValue; received handle: {}", handle));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginGlobalVariableValue function will return 0 for now to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
@@ -442,7 +447,8 @@ void setPluginGlobalVariableValue(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, Real64 valu
     if (handle < 0 || handle > EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::pluginManager->maxGlobalVariableIndex) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in setPluginGlobalVariableValue; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in setPluginGlobalVariableValue; received handle: {}", handle));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginGlobalVariableValue function will return to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
     }
@@ -458,7 +464,8 @@ Real64 getPluginTrendVariableValue(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, int timeIn
     if (handle < 0 || handle > EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::pluginManager->maxTrendVariableIndex) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginTrendVariableValue; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginTrendVariableValue; received handle: {}", handle));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginTrendVariableValue function will return 0 to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
@@ -466,7 +473,10 @@ Real64 getPluginTrendVariableValue(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, int timeIn
     if (timeIndex < 1 || timeIndex > ((int)EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::PluginManager::getTrendVariableHistorySize(handle))) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- trend history count argument out of range in getPluginTrendVariableValue; received value: " + std::to_string(timeIndex));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState,
+            fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Problem -- trend history count argument out of range in getPluginTrendVariableValue; received value: {}",
+                        timeIndex));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginTrendVariableValue function will return 0 to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
@@ -479,7 +489,8 @@ Real64 getPluginTrendVariableAverage(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, int coun
     if (handle < 0 || handle > EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::pluginManager->maxTrendVariableIndex) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginTrendVariableAverage; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginTrendVariableAverage; received handle: {}", handle));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginTrendVariableAverage function will return 0 to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
@@ -487,7 +498,11 @@ Real64 getPluginTrendVariableAverage(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, int coun
     if (count < 2 || count > ((int)EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::PluginManager::getTrendVariableHistorySize(handle))) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- trend history count argument out of range in getPluginTrendVariableAverage; received value: " + std::to_string(count));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState,
+            fmt::format(
+                "Data Exchange API: Problem -- trend history count argument out of range in getPluginTrendVariableAverage; received value: {}",
+                count));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginTrendVariableAverage function will return 0 to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
@@ -500,7 +515,8 @@ Real64 getPluginTrendVariableMin(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, int count) {
     if (handle < 0 || handle > EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::pluginManager->maxTrendVariableIndex) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginTrendVariableMin; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginTrendVariableMin; received handle: {}", handle));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginTrendVariableMin function will return 0 to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
@@ -508,7 +524,10 @@ Real64 getPluginTrendVariableMin(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, int count) {
     if (count < 2 || count > ((int)EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::PluginManager::getTrendVariableHistorySize(handle))) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- trend history count argument out of range in getPluginTrendVariableMin; received value: " + std::to_string(count));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState,
+            fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Problem -- trend history count argument out of range in getPluginTrendVariableMin; received value: {}",
+                        count));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginTrendVariableMin function will return 0 to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
@@ -521,7 +540,8 @@ Real64 getPluginTrendVariableMax(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, int count) {
     if (handle < 0 || handle > EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::pluginManager->maxTrendVariableIndex) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginTrendVariableMax; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginTrendVariableMax; received handle: {}", handle));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginTrendVariableMax function will return 0 to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
@@ -529,7 +549,10 @@ Real64 getPluginTrendVariableMax(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, int count) {
     if (count < 2 || count > ((int)EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::PluginManager::getTrendVariableHistorySize(handle))) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- trend history count argument out of range in getPluginTrendVariableMax; received value: " + std::to_string(count));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState,
+            fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Problem -- trend history count argument out of range in getPluginTrendVariableMax; received value: {}",
+                        count));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginTrendVariableMax function will return 0 to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
@@ -542,7 +565,8 @@ Real64 getPluginTrendVariableSum(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, int count) {
     if (handle < 0 || handle > EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::pluginManager->maxTrendVariableIndex) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginTrendVariableSum; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginTrendVariableSum; received handle: {}", handle));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginTrendVariableSum function will return 0 to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
@@ -550,7 +574,10 @@ Real64 getPluginTrendVariableSum(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, int count) {
     if (count < 2 || count > ((int)EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::PluginManager::getTrendVariableHistorySize(handle))) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- trend history count argument out of range in getPluginTrendVariableSum; received value: " + std::to_string(count));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState,
+            fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Problem -- trend history count argument out of range in getPluginTrendVariableSum; received value: {}",
+                        count));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginTrendVariableSum function will return 0 to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
@@ -563,7 +590,8 @@ Real64 getPluginTrendVariableDirection(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, int co
     if (handle < 0 || handle > EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::pluginManager->maxTrendVariableIndex) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginTrendVariableDirection; received handle: " + std::to_string(handle));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState, fmt::format("Data Exchange API: Problem -- index error in getPluginTrendVariableDirection; received handle: {}", handle));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginTrendVariableDirection function will return 0 to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
@@ -571,7 +599,11 @@ Real64 getPluginTrendVariableDirection(EnergyPlusState state, int handle, int co
     if (count < 2 || count > ((int)EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::PluginManager::getTrendVariableHistorySize(handle))) {
         // need to fatal out once the plugin is done
         // throw an error, set the fatal flag, and then return
-        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(*thisState, "Data Exchange API: Problem -- trend history count argument out of range in getPluginTrendVariableDirection; received value: " + std::to_string(count));
+        EnergyPlus::ShowSevereError(
+            *thisState,
+            fmt::format(
+                "Data Exchange API: Problem -- trend history count argument out of range in getPluginTrendVariableDirection; received value: {}",
+                count));
         EnergyPlus::ShowContinueError(*thisState, "The getPluginTrendVariableDirection function will return 0 to allow the plugin to finish, then EnergyPlus will abort");
         EnergyPlus::PluginManagement::apiErrorFlag = true;
         return 0;
diff --git a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/AirflowNetworkBalanceManager.unit.cc b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/AirflowNetworkBalanceManager.unit.cc
index b7a2a16a5d4..aa9e6253255 100644
--- a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/AirflowNetworkBalanceManager.unit.cc
+++ b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/AirflowNetworkBalanceManager.unit.cc
@@ -9589,14 +9589,14 @@ TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, AirflowNetwork_BasicAdvancedSingleSided)
     for (unsigned i = 0; i <= 36; i++) {
         Real64 angle = i * 10.0;
         Real64 value = CurveManager::CurveValue(state, 7, angle);
-        EXPECT_NEAR(valsForLeftWindow[i], value, 1.0e-12) << ("Issue at index: " + std::to_string(i));
+        EXPECT_NEAR(valsForLeftWindow[i], value, 1.0e-12) << (format("Issue at index: {}", i));
     }
 
     // Check the curve values for the left window, taken from v8.6.0 on Windows
     for (unsigned i = 0; i <= 36; i++) {
         Real64 angle = i * 10.0;
         Real64 value = CurveManager::CurveValue(state, 6, angle);
-        EXPECT_NEAR(valsForRightWindow[i], value, 1.0e-12) << ("Issue at index: " + std::to_string(i));
+        EXPECT_NEAR(valsForRightWindow[i], value, 1.0e-12) << (format("Issue at index: {}", i));
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/DaylightingManager.unit.cc b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/DaylightingManager.unit.cc
index 78967cf466a..90fd19bdbed 100644
--- a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/DaylightingManager.unit.cc
+++ b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/DaylightingManager.unit.cc
@@ -1582,8 +1582,7 @@ TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, DaylightingManager_GetInputDaylightingControls_Roundin
     for (auto frac: fractions) {
         sum += frac;
         EXPECT_EQ(i, DataDaylighting::ZoneDaylight(1).DaylRefPtNum(i));
-        EXPECT_EQ("WEST ZONE_DAYLREFPT" + std::to_string(i),
-                  DataDaylighting::DaylRefPt(DataDaylighting::ZoneDaylight(1).DaylRefPtNum(i)).Name);
+        EXPECT_EQ(format("WEST ZONE_DAYLREFPT{}", i), DataDaylighting::DaylRefPt(DataDaylighting::ZoneDaylight(1).DaylRefPtNum(i)).Name);
         EXPECT_EQ(frac, DataDaylighting::ZoneDaylight(1).FracZoneDaylit(i));
         EXPECT_EQ(200., DataDaylighting::ZoneDaylight(1).IllumSetPoint(i));
         ++i;
diff --git a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/FanCoilUnits.unit.cc b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/FanCoilUnits.unit.cc
index 22ee9b87250..05146cd478b 100644
--- a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/FanCoilUnits.unit.cc
+++ b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/FanCoilUnits.unit.cc
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ using namespace EnergyPlus::WaterCoils;
 using DataHeatBalFanSys::TempControlType;
 using DataZoneEnergyDemands::CurDeadBandOrSetback;
 using DataZoneEnergyDemands::ZoneSysEnergyDemand;
-using General::TrimSigDigits;
+
 using MixedAir::OAMixer;
 
 namespace EnergyPlus {
diff --git a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/LowTempRadiantSystem.unit.cc b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/LowTempRadiantSystem.unit.cc
index c3f8e6355df..2241077403e 100644
--- a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/LowTempRadiantSystem.unit.cc
+++ b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/LowTempRadiantSystem.unit.cc
@@ -1332,8 +1332,9 @@ TEST_F(LowTempRadiantSystemTest, InitLowTempRadiantSystemCFloPump)
     InitLowTempRadiantSystem(state, false, RadSysNum, SystemType, InitErrorFound);
     actualEfficiencyPercentage = CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).PumpEffic * 100.0;
     std::string const error_string02 =
-        delimited_string({"   ** Warning ** Check input.  Calc Pump Efficiency=" + General::RoundSigDigits(actualEfficiencyPercentage, 5) +
-                          "% which is less than 50%, for pump in radiant system " + CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).Name});
+        delimited_string({format("   ** Warning ** Check input.  Calc Pump Efficiency={:.5R}% which is less than 50%, for pump in radiant system {}",
+                                 actualEfficiencyPercentage,
+                                 CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).Name)});
     EXPECT_EQ(CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).WaterVolFlowMax, CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).PumpEffic);
     EXPECT_TRUE(compare_err_stream(error_string02, true));
     EXPECT_EQ(InitErrorFound, false);
@@ -1370,8 +1371,9 @@ TEST_F(LowTempRadiantSystemTest, InitLowTempRadiantSystemCFloPump)
     InitLowTempRadiantSystem(state, false, RadSysNum, SystemType, InitErrorFound);
     actualEfficiencyPercentage = CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).PumpEffic * 100.0;
     std::string const error_string03 =
-        delimited_string({"   ** Warning ** Check input.  Calc Pump Efficiency=" + General::RoundSigDigits(actualEfficiencyPercentage, 5) +
-                          "% is approaching 100%, for pump in radiant system " + CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).Name});
+        delimited_string({format("   ** Warning ** Check input.  Calc Pump Efficiency={:.5R}% is approaching 100%, for pump in radiant system {}",
+                                 actualEfficiencyPercentage,
+                                 CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).Name)});
     EXPECT_EQ(CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).WaterVolFlowMax, CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).PumpEffic);
     EXPECT_TRUE(compare_err_stream(error_string03, true));
     EXPECT_EQ(InitErrorFound, false);
@@ -1407,9 +1409,10 @@ TEST_F(LowTempRadiantSystemTest, InitLowTempRadiantSystemCFloPump)
     CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).WaterVolFlowMax = 1.23; // because of how other parameters are set, this value is equal to the pump efficiency
     InitLowTempRadiantSystem(state, false, RadSysNum, SystemType, InitErrorFound);
     actualEfficiencyPercentage = CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).PumpEffic * 100.0;
-    std::string const error_string04 =
-        delimited_string({"   ** Severe  ** Check input.  Calc Pump Efficiency=" + General::RoundSigDigits(actualEfficiencyPercentage, 5) +
-                          "% which is bigger than 100%, for pump in radiant system " + CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).Name});
+    std::string const error_string04 = delimited_string(
+        {format("   ** Severe  ** Check input.  Calc Pump Efficiency={:.5R}% which is bigger than 100%, for pump in radiant system {}",
+                actualEfficiencyPercentage,
+                CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).Name)});
     EXPECT_EQ(CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).WaterVolFlowMax, CFloRadSys(RadSysNum).PumpEffic);
     EXPECT_TRUE(compare_err_stream(error_string04, true));
     EXPECT_EQ(InitErrorFound, true);
diff --git a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/OutputReportTabular.unit.cc b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/OutputReportTabular.unit.cc
index e0f815f8030..90bc5adc26b 100644
--- a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/OutputReportTabular.unit.cc
+++ b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/OutputReportTabular.unit.cc
@@ -108,7 +108,6 @@ using namespace EnergyPlus::OutputReportPredefined;
 using namespace EnergyPlus::OutputReportTabular;
 using namespace EnergyPlus::OutputProcessor;
 using namespace SimulationManager;
-using namespace ObjexxFCL;
 
 TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, OutputReportTabularTest_ConfirmSetUnitsStyleFromString)
 {
@@ -7421,11 +7420,11 @@ TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, AzimuthToCardinal)
         if (i % 2 == 1) {
             // It's a wall
             DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Class = DataSurfaces::SurfaceClass::Wall;
-            DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name = "ExtWall_" + std::to_string(i) + "_" + std::to_string(entryIndex);
+            DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name = format("ExtWall_{}_{}", i, entryIndex);
         } else {
             // It's a window
             DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Class = DataSurfaces::SurfaceClass::Window;
-            DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name = "ExtWindow_" + std::to_string(i) + "_" + std::to_string(entryIndex);
+            DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name = format("ExtWindow_{}_{}", i, entryIndex);
             // Window references the previous wall
             DataSurfaces::Surface(i).BaseSurf = i - 1;
         }
@@ -7459,8 +7458,7 @@ TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, AzimuthToCardinal)
         std::string cardinalDir = expectedAzimuthToCard.second;
 
         // Internal: Just to ensure that we gets the same one with round
-        EXPECT_EQ(General::RoundSigDigits(round(oriAzimuth * 100.0) / 100.0, 2),
-                  General::RoundSigDigits(oriAzimuth, 2));
+        EXPECT_EQ(format("{:.2R}", round(oriAzimuth * 100.0) / 100.0), format("{:.2R}", oriAzimuth));
 
         /****************************************************************************
         *                            Wall (odd entries)                             *
@@ -7470,9 +7468,9 @@ TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, AzimuthToCardinal)
         EXPECT_EQ(oriAzimuth, DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Azimuth) << "Surface Name = " << DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name;
 
         // Check that the azimuth entry is the rounded version indeed
-        EXPECT_EQ(OutputReportPredefined::RetrievePreDefTableEntry(OutputReportPredefined::pdchOpAzimuth,
-                                                                   DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name),
-                  General::RoundSigDigits(expectedAzimuthToCard.first, 2)) << "Surface Name = " << DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name;
+        EXPECT_EQ(OutputReportPredefined::RetrievePreDefTableEntry(OutputReportPredefined::pdchOpAzimuth, DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name),
+                  format("{:.2R}", expectedAzimuthToCard.first))
+            << "Surface Name = " << DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name;
         // Check that we do get the expected cardinal direction
         EXPECT_EQ(OutputReportPredefined::RetrievePreDefTableEntry(OutputReportPredefined::pdchOpDir,
                                                                    DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name),
@@ -7487,9 +7485,9 @@ TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, AzimuthToCardinal)
         EXPECT_EQ(oriAzimuth, DataSurfaces::Surface(i+1).Azimuth) << "Surface Name = " << DataSurfaces::Surface(i+1).Name;
 
         // Check that the azimuth entry is the rounded version indeed
-        EXPECT_EQ(OutputReportPredefined::RetrievePreDefTableEntry(OutputReportPredefined::pdchFenAzimuth,
-                                                                   DataSurfaces::Surface(i+1).Name),
-                  General::RoundSigDigits(expectedAzimuthToCard.first, 2)) << "Surface Name = " << DataSurfaces::Surface(i+1).Name;
+        EXPECT_EQ(OutputReportPredefined::RetrievePreDefTableEntry(OutputReportPredefined::pdchFenAzimuth, DataSurfaces::Surface(i + 1).Name),
+                  format("{:.2R}", expectedAzimuthToCard.first))
+            << "Surface Name = " << DataSurfaces::Surface(i + 1).Name;
         // Check that we do get the expected cardinal direction
         EXPECT_EQ(OutputReportPredefined::RetrievePreDefTableEntry(OutputReportPredefined::pdchFenDir,
                                                                    DataSurfaces::Surface(i+1).Name),
@@ -7527,12 +7525,12 @@ TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, InteriorSurfaceEnvelopeSummaryReport)
         DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Construction = 1;
         // odd number - wall, even number - door
         if (i % 2 == 1) {
-            DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name = "Interzonal_Wall_" + std::to_string((i + 1) / 2);
+            DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name = "Interzonal_Wall_" + fmt::to_string((i + 1) / 2);
             DataSurfaces::Surface(i).GrossArea = 200.;
             DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Class = DataSurfaces::SurfaceClass::Wall;
             DataSurfaces::AllSurfaceListReportOrder.push_back(i);
         }else{
-            DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name = "Interzonal_Door_" + std::to_string((i + 1) / 2);
+            DataSurfaces::Surface(i).Name = "Interzonal_Door_" + fmt::to_string((i + 1) / 2);
             DataSurfaces::Surface(i).BaseSurfName = DataSurfaces::Surface(i - 1).Name;
             DataSurfaces::Surface(i).BaseSurf = i - 1;
             DataSurfaces::Surface(i).GrossArea = 50.;
diff --git a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/UnitarySystem.unit.cc b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/UnitarySystem.unit.cc
index cc0796eb5f9..c46cabdc9eb 100644
--- a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/UnitarySystem.unit.cc
+++ b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/UnitarySystem.unit.cc
@@ -3959,7 +3959,7 @@ TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, UnitarySystemModel_ConfirmUnitarySystemSizingTest)
 
         if (iSizingType == DataSizing::FractionOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow) continue; // not allowed for cooling air flow
 
-        thisSys.Name = "UnitarySystem:CoolingOnly #" + General::TrimSigDigits(iSizingType);
+        thisSys.Name = format("UnitarySystem:CoolingOnly #{}", iSizingType);
         thisSys.m_CoolingSAFMethod = SizingTypes(iSizingType);
         thisSys.m_DesignCoolingCapacity = DataSizing::AutoSize;
         thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow = DataSizing::AutoSize;
@@ -4019,7 +4019,7 @@ TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, UnitarySystemModel_ConfirmUnitarySystemSizingTest)
         if (iSizingType == DataSizing::FractionOfAutosizedCoolingAirflow) continue; // not allowed for heating air flow
         if (iSizingType == DataSizing::FlowPerCoolingCapacity) continue;            // not allowed for heating air flow
 
-        thisSys.Name = "UnitarySystem:HeatingOnly #" + General::TrimSigDigits(iSizingType);
+        thisSys.Name = format("UnitarySystem:HeatingOnly #{}", iSizingType);
         thisSys.m_HeatingSAFMethod = SizingTypes(iSizingType);
         thisSys.m_DesignHeatingCapacity = DataSizing::AutoSize;
         thisSys.m_MaxCoolAirVolFlow = DataSizing::AutoSize;
@@ -4085,7 +4085,7 @@ TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, UnitarySystemModel_ConfirmUnitarySystemSizingTest)
         if (iSizingType == DataSizing::FractionOfAutosizedHeatingAirflow) iCoolingSizingType = DataSizing::FractionOfAutosizedCoolingAirflow;
         if (iSizingType == DataSizing::FlowPerCoolingCapacity) iHeatingSizingType = DataSizing::FlowPerHeatingCapacity;
         if (iSizingType == DataSizing::FlowPerHeatingCapacity) iCoolingSizingType = DataSizing::FlowPerCoolingCapacity;
-        thisSys.Name = "UnitarySystem:CoolingAndHeating #" + General::TrimSigDigits(iSizingType);
+        thisSys.Name = format("UnitarySystem:CoolingAndHeating #{}", iSizingType);
         thisSys.m_CoolingSAFMethod = SizingTypes(iCoolingSizingType);
         thisSys.m_HeatingSAFMethod = SizingTypes(iHeatingSizingType);
         thisSys.m_DesignCoolingCapacity = DataSizing::AutoSize;
diff --git a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/WaterThermalTanks.unit.cc b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/WaterThermalTanks.unit.cc
index 0c70b3f7616..a92873525aa 100644
--- a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/WaterThermalTanks.unit.cc
+++ b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/WaterThermalTanks.unit.cc
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, HPWHWrappedDummyNodeConfig)
                                         "    0,                       !- Minimum Value of x",
                                         "    1;                       !- Maximum Value of x"});
     for (int i = 1; i <= 2; ++i) {
-        std::string const i_str = std::to_string(i);
+        std::string const i_str = fmt::to_string(i);
         idf_lines.push_back("Coil:WaterHeating:AirToWaterHeatPump:Wrapped,");
         idf_lines.push_back("    HPWH Coil " + i_str + ",               !- Name");
         idf_lines.push_back("    2349.6,                  !- Rated Heating Capacity {W}");
diff --git a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/WaterToAirHeatPump.unit.cc b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/WaterToAirHeatPump.unit.cc
index 83e1b8e1a9a..db9f046e8e7 100644
--- a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/WaterToAirHeatPump.unit.cc
+++ b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/WaterToAirHeatPump.unit.cc
@@ -71,7 +71,6 @@ using namespace EnergyPlus::DataPlant;
 using namespace EnergyPlus::DataSizing;
 using namespace EnergyPlus::Psychrometrics;
 using namespace EnergyPlus::WaterToAirHeatPump;
-using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
 TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, WaterToAirHeatPumpTest_SimWaterToAir)
 {
diff --git a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple.unit.cc b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple.unit.cc
index b8156423704..dd62edcb911 100644
--- a/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple.unit.cc
+++ b/tst/EnergyPlus/unit/WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple.unit.cc
@@ -71,7 +71,6 @@ using namespace EnergyPlus::DataPlant;
 using namespace EnergyPlus::DataSizing;
 using namespace EnergyPlus::Psychrometrics;
 using namespace EnergyPlus::WaterToAirHeatPumpSimple;
-using General::RoundSigDigits;
 
 TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, WaterToAirHeatPumpSimpleTest_SizeHVACWaterToAir)
 {
@@ -139,8 +138,10 @@ TEST_F(EnergyPlusFixture, WaterToAirHeatPumpSimpleTest_SizeHVACWaterToAir)
     EXPECT_GE(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolTotal, state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolSens);
 
     if (state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolTotal != 0.0) {
-        ShowMessage(state, "SizeHVACWaterToAir: Rated Sensible Heat Ratio = " +
-                    RoundSigDigits(state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolSens / state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolTotal, 2) + " [-]");
+        ShowMessage(state,
+                    format("SizeHVACWaterToAir: Rated Sensible Heat Ratio = {:.2R} [-]",
+                           state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolSens /
+                               state.dataWaterToAirHeatPumpSimple->SimpleWatertoAirHP(HPNum).RatedCapCoolTotal));
     }
 }