gvv.sty

%Imported from wiley
\makeatletter%
\textwidth=31pc%
\textheight=48pc
\usepackage{lipsum}% this package is included to get dummy paragraphs for sample purpose.
\usepackage{ulem}
\usepackage{alltt}
\usepackage[anticlockwise,figuresright]{rotating}
\usepackage{pstricks}
\usepackage{wrapfig}
\usepackage{pstcol,pst-grad}
%%Imported from wiley
%\usepackage{geometry}
%\makeatletter%
%\textwidth=31pc%
%\textheight=48pc
%\usepackage{lipsum}% this package is included to get dummy paragraphs for sample purpose.
%\usepackage{ulem}
%\usepackage{alltt}
%\usepackage[anticlockwise,figuresright]{rotating}
%\usepackage{pstricks}
%\usepackage{wrapfig}
%\usepackage{pstcol,pst-grad}
%%End imported from wiley

% \usepackage{setspace}
 \usepackage{gensymb}
%\doublespacing
%\singlespacing
%\usepackage{silence}
%Disable all warnings issued by latex starting with "You have..."
%\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amssymb}
%\usepackage{relsize}
\usepackage[cmex10]{amsmath}
%\usepackage{amsthm}
%\interdisplaylinepenalty=2500
%\savesymbol{iint}
%\usepackage{txfonts}
%\restoresymbol{TXF}{iint}
%\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsthm}
%\usepackage{pifont}
%\usepackage{iithtlc}
% \usepackage{mathrsfs}
% \usepackage{txfonts}
 \usepackage{stfloats}
% \usepackage{steinmetz}
 \usepackage{bm}
% \usepackage{cite}
% \usepackage{cases}
% \usepackage{subfig}
%\usepackage{xtab}
\usepackage{longtable}
%\usepackage{multirow}
%\usepackage{algorithm}
%\usepackage{algpseudocode}
 \usepackage{mathtools}
 \usepackage{tikz}
% \usepackage{circuitikz}
% \usepackage{verbatim}
%\usepackage{tfrupee}
\usepackage[breaklinks=true]{hyperref}
%\usepackage{stmaryrd}
%\usepackage{tkz-euclide} % loads  TikZ and tkz-base
%\usetkzobj{all}
\usepackage{listings}
    \usepackage{color}                                            %%
    \usepackage{array}                                            %%
    \usepackage{longtable}                                        %%
    \usepackage{calc}                                             %%
    \usepackage{multirow}                                         %%
    \usepackage{hhline}                                           %%
    \usepackage{ifthen}                                           %%
  %optionally (for landscape tables embedded in another document): %%
    \usepackage{lscape}     
% \usepackage{multicol}
% \usepackage{chngcntr}
%\usepackage{enumerate}

%\usepackage{wasysym}
%\newcounter{MYtempeqncnt}
\DeclareMathOperator*{\Res}{Res}
\DeclareMathOperator*{\equals}{=}
%\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{2}
%\renewcommand\thesection{\arabic{section}}
%\renewcommand\thesubsection{\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
%\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\arabic{subsubsection}}
%
%\renewcommand\thesectiondis{\arabic{section}}
%\renewcommand\thesubsectiondis{\thesectiondis.\arabic{subsection}}
%\renewcommand\thesubsubsectiondis{\thesubsectiondis.\arabic{subsubsection}}

% correct bad hyphenation here
\hyphenation{op-tical net-works semi-conduc-tor}
\def\inputGnumericTable{}                                 %%

\lstset{
%language=C,
frame=single, 
breaklines=true,
columns=fullflexible
}
%\lstset{
%language=tex,
%frame=single, 
%breaklines=true
%}
\begin{document}

%


%\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
%\newtheorem{definition}{Definition}[section]
%%\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
%\newtheorem{problem}{Problem}
%\newtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}[section]
%\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}[section]
%\newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}
%\newtheorem{example}{Example}[section]
%\newtheorem{definition}[problem]{Definition}
%\newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}[section] 
%\newtheorem{defn}[thm]{Definition}
%\newtheorem{algorithm}{Algorithm}[section]
%\newtheorem{cor}{Corollary}
\newcommand{\BEQA}{\begin{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\EEQA}{\end{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\define}{\stackrel{\triangle}{=}}
\newcommand*\circled[1]{\tikz[baseline=(char.base)]{
    \node[shape=circle,draw,inner sep=2pt] (char) {#1};}}
\bibliographystyle{IEEEtran}
%\bibliographystyle{ieeetr}


\providecommand{\mbf}{\mathbf}
\providecommand{\pr}[1]{\ensuremath{\Pr\left(#1\right)}}
\providecommand{\qfunc}[1]{\ensuremath{Q\left(#1\right)}}
\providecommand{\sbrak}[1]{\ensuremath{{}\left[#1\right]}}
\providecommand{\lsbrak}[1]{\ensuremath{{}\left[#1\right.}}
\providecommand{\rsbrak}[1]{\ensuremath{{}\left.#1\right]}}
\providecommand{\brak}[1]{\ensuremath{\left(#1\right)}}
\providecommand{\lbrak}[1]{\ensuremath{\left(#1\right.}}
\providecommand{\rbrak}[1]{\ensuremath{\left.#1\right)}}
\providecommand{\cbrak}[1]{\ensuremath{\left\{#1\right\}}}
\providecommand{\lcbrak}[1]{\ensuremath{\left\{#1\right.}}
\providecommand{\rcbrak}[1]{\ensuremath{\left.#1\right\}}}
\theoremstyle{remark}
\newtheorem{rem}{Remark}
\newcommand{\sgn}{\mathop{\mathrm{sgn}}}
\providecommand{\abs}[1]{\left\vert#1\right\vert}
\providecommand{\res}[1]{\Res\displaylimits_{#1}} 
\providecommand{\norm}[1]{\left\lVert#1\right\rVert}
%\providecommand{\norm}[1]{\lVert#1\rVert}
\providecommand{\mtx}[1]{\mathbf{#1}}
\providecommand{\mean}[1]{E\left[ #1 \right]}
\providecommand{\fourier}{\overset{\mathcal{F}}{ \rightleftharpoons}}
%\providecommand{\hilbert}{\overset{\mathcal{H}}{ \rightleftharpoons}}
\providecommand{\system}{\overset{\mathcal{H}}{ \longleftrightarrow}}
	%\newcommand{\solution}[2]{\textbf{Solution:}{#1}}
\newcommand{\cosec}{\,\text{cosec}\,}
\providecommand{\dec}[2]{\ensuremath{\overset{#1}{\underset{#2}{\gtrless}}}}
\newcommand{\myvec}[1]{\ensuremath{\begin{pmatrix}#1\end{pmatrix}}}
\newcommand{\mydet}[1]{\ensuremath{\begin{vmatrix}#1\end{vmatrix}}}
%\numberwithin{equation}{section}
%\numberwithin{equation}{subsection}
%\numberwithin{problem}{section}
%\numberwithin{definition}{section}
%\makeatletter
%\@addtoreset{figure}{problem}
%\makeatother

%\let\StandardTheFigure\thefigure
\let\vec\mathbf
%\renewcommand{\thefigure}{\theproblem.\arabic{figure}}
%\renewcommand{\thefigure}{\theproblem}
%\setlist[enumerate,1]{before=\renewcommand\theequation{\theenumi.\arabic{equation}}
%\counterwithin{equation}{enumi}


%\renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{subsection}.\arabic{equation}}

%\def\putbox#1#2#3{\makebox[0in][l]{\makebox[#1][l]{}\raisebox{\baselineskip}[0in][0in]{\raisebox{#2}[0in][0in]{#3}}}}
%     \def\rightbox#1{\makebox[0in][r]{#1}}
%     \def\centbox#1{\makebox[0in]{#1}}
%     \def\topbox#1{\raisebox{-\baselineskip}[0in][0in]{#1}}
%     \def\midbox#1{\raisebox{-0.5\baselineskip}[0in][0in]{#1}}

\vspace{3cm}

%\title{
%	%\logo{
%%Computational Approach to School Geometry
%	Matrix Analysis
%%	}
%}
%\author{ G V V Sharma$^{*}$% <-this % stops a space
%	\thanks{*The author is with the Department
%		of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad
%		502285 India e-mail:  gadepall@iith.ac.in. All content in this manual is released under GNU GPL.  Free and open source.}
%	
%}	
%\title{
%	\logo{Matrix Analysis through Octave}{\begin{center}\includegraphics[scale=.24]{tlc}\end{center}}{}{HAMDSP}
%}


% paper title
% can use linebreaks \\ within to get better formatting as desired
%\title{Matrix Analysis through Octave}
%
%
% author names and IEEE memberships
% note positions of commas and nonbreaking spaces ( ~ ) LaTeX will not break
% a structure at a ~ so this keeps an author's name from being broken across
% two lines.
% use \thanks{} to gain access to the first footnote area
% a separate \thanks must be used for each paragraph as LaTeX2e's \thanks
% was not built to handle multiple paragraphs
%

%\author{<-this % stops a space
%\thanks{}}
%}
% note the % following the last \IEEEmembership and also \thanks - 
% these prevent an unwanted space from occurring between the last author name
% and the end of the author line. i.e., if you had this:
% 
% \author{....lastname \thanks{...} \thanks{...} }
%                     ^------------^------------^----Do not want these spaces!
%
% a space would be appended to the last name and could cause every name on that
% line to be shifted left slightly. This is one of those "LaTeX things". For
% instance, "\textbf{A} \textbf{B}" will typeset as "A B" not "AB". To get
% "AB" then you have to do: "\textbf{A}\textbf{B}"
% \thanks is no different in this regard, so shield the last } of each \thanks
% that ends a line with a % and do not let a space in before the next \thanks.
% Spaces after \IEEEmembership other than the last one are OK (and needed) as
% you are supposed to have spaces between the names. For what it is worth,
% this is a minor point as most people would not even notice if the said evil
% space somehow managed to creep in.

%\WarningFilter{latex}{LaTeX Warning: You have requested, on input line 117, version}


% The paper headers
%\markboth{Journal of \LaTeX\ Class Files,~Vol.~6, No.~1, January~2007}%
%{Shell \MakeLowercase{\textit{et al.}}: Bare Demo of IEEEtran.cls for Journals}
% The only time the second header will appear is for the odd numbered pages
% after the title page when using the twoside option.
% 
% *** Note that you probably will NOT want to include the author's ***
% *** name in the headers of peer review papers.                   ***
% You can use \ifCLASSOPTIONpeerreview for conditional compilation here if
% you desire.




% If you want to put a publisher's ID mark on the page you can do it like
% this:
%\IEEEpubid{0000--0000/00\$00.00~\copyright~2007 IEEE}
% Remember, if you use this you must call \IEEEpubidadjcol in the second
% column for its text to clear the IEEEpubid mark.



% make the title area
%\maketitle
%
%%\newpage
%
%\tableofcontents
%
%\bigskip
%
%\renewcommand{\thefigure}{\theenumi}
%\renewcommand{\thetable}{\theenumi}
%\renewcommand{\theequation}{\theenumi}

%\begin{abstract}
%%\boldmath
%In this letter, an algorithm for evaluating the exact analytical bit error rate  (BER)  for the piecewise linear (PL) combiner for  multiple relays is presented. Previous results were available only for upto three relays. The algorithm is unique in the sense that  the actual mathematical expressions, that are prohibitively large, need not be explicitly obtained. The diversity gain due to multiple relays is shown through plots of the analytical BER, well supported by simulations. 
%
%\end{abstract}
% IEEEtran.cls defaults to using nonbold math in the Abstract.
% This preserves the distinction between vectors and scalars. However,
% if the journal you are submitting to favors bold math in the abstract,
% then you can use LaTeX's standard command \boldmath at the very start
% of the abstract to achieve this. Many IEEE journals frown on math
% in the abstract anyway.

% Note that keywords are not normally used for peerreview papers.
%\begin{IEEEkeywords}
%Cooperative diversity, decode and forward, piecewise linear
%\end{IEEEkeywords}



% For peer review papers, you can put extra information on the cover
% page as needed:
% \ifCLASSOPTIONpeerreview
% \begin{center} \bfseries EDICS Category: 3-BBND \end{center}
% \fi
%
% For peerreview papers, this IEEEtran command inserts a page break and
% creates the second title. It will be ignored for other modes.
%\IEEEpeerreviewmaketitle


%\makeatletter%
%\textwidth=31pc%
%\textheight=48pc
%\usepackage{lipsum}% this package is included to get dummy paragraphs for sample purpose.
%\usepackage{ulem}
%\usepackage{alltt}
%\usepackage[anticlockwise,figuresright]{rotating}
%\usepackage{pstricks}
%\usepackage{wrapfig}
%\usepackage{pstcol,pst-grad}
\newif\ifbibunnumbered\global\bibunnumberedtrue%
%\DeclareOption{number}{\xdef\@biboptions{numbers}}%
%\DeclareOption{numbers}{\xdef\@biboptions{numbers}}%

\bibliographystyle{plainnat}% this can be used both for numerical and authoryear citations.

\def\ttag#1{}
\newdimen\hsizevalue%
\newdimen\vsizevalue%
\columnseprule\z@%

\def\feafxdCatgrychk{}%

\def\baselinestretch{1.25}


\definecolor{figurecolor}{cmyk}{0,0,0,0.3}

\definecolor{bordcolor}{cmyk}{.5,.3,0,0}
\definecolor{startbordcolor}{cmyk}{.5,.3,0,0}
\definecolor{endbordcolor}{cmyk}{.2,.1,0,0}

\let\topborder\relax%
\let\botborder\relax%

\newif\ifAuthorManual%
\global\AuthorManualfalse%

\AtBeginDocument{\ifAuthorManual\else%
\def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
     \let\@oddhead\@empty\def\@oddfoot{\reset@font\rmfamily\hfil{\normalsize\thepage}\hfil}
\let\@evenhead\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}
\usepackage{setspace}\doublespacing\pagestyle{plain}\fi}

%% to avoid Too deeply nested error, made \@toodeep{} %%
%% but the xml conversion is okay %%
\def\@toodeep{}%

\def\bibr#1{#1}%

\newif\ifPreprocessCompleted% \PreprocessCompletedtrue will be inserted while running preprocess script %%
\frenchspacing%

\gdef\StepUpCounter#1{\global\advance#1by 1\relax}%
\gdef\StepDownCounter#1{\global\advance#1by -1\relax}%

\def\minustocounter#1#2{%
  \@ifundefined{c@#1}%
    {\@nocounterr{#1}}%
    {\global\advance\csname c@#1\endcsname -#2\relax}}%

\def\stepdowncounter#1{%
  \minustocounter{#1}\@ne
  \begingroup
    \let\@elt\@stpelt
    \csname cl@#1\endcsname
  \endgroup}%

\def\refstepdowncounter#1{\stepdowncounter{#1}%
    \protected@edef\@currentlabel
       {\csname p@#1\endcsname\csname the#1\endcsname}%
}%

\newcounter{temp}%

\let\LWref\ref%
\def\LWlabel#1{\label{#1}}%
\usepackage{ifthen}%
\usepackage{amsmath}%
\usepackage[fleqn]{mathtools}
\usepackage{color}%
\usepackage{float}%
\usepackage{graphicx}%
%\usepackage[right]{showlabels}%
\usepackage{boites}%
\usepackage{boites_exemples}%
\usepackage{graphicx,pstricks}
\usepackage{enumerate}%
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{amssymb,amsfonts,amsthm}
\usepackage{mathrsfs,makeidx,listings,verbatim,moreverb}
%%\usepackage{amsthm,mathrsfs,makeidx,listings,verbatim,moreverb}
%\let\eqref\ref%  updated on 20th April 2017

%\usepackage[dvips]{hyperref}%
%\hypersetup{bookmarksopen=false}%
%\usepackage{breakurl}%
%\urlstyle{same}%

\@ifpackageloaded{enumerate}{%
%%
\def\@@enum@[#1]{%
  \@enLab{}\let\@enThe\@enQmark
  \@enloop#1\@enum@
  \ifx\@enThe\@enQmark\@warning{The counter will not be printed.%
   ^^J\space\@spaces\@spaces\@spaces The label is: \the\@enLab}\fi
  \expandafter\edef\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname{\the\@enLab}%
  \expandafter\let\csname the\@enumctr\endcsname\@enThe
%  \if!#2!\relax\csname c@\@enumctr\endcsname7\else\csname c@\@enumctr\endcsname#2\fi%
  \expandafter\settowidth
            \csname leftmargin\romannumeral\@enumdepth\endcsname
            {\the\@enLab\hspace{\labelsep}}%
  \@enum@}
%%
\newif\ifRoundPunctuation%
\RoundPunctuationfalse%
\newif\ifSquarePunctuation%
\SquarePunctuationfalse%
\newif\ifDotPunctuation%
\DotPunctuationfalse%
%%
\def\bpunct{}
\def\epunct{}
%%
\newif\ifParaList%This check was added by DEVI G. on 13th Feb 2017
\ParaListfalse%
%%
\def\@enum@{
\list{\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}%
           {\usecounter{\@enumctr}
\setlength{\rightmargin}{0pt}%
\setlength{\topsep}{6pt}%
\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}%
\setlength{\partopsep}{0pt}%
\setlength{\parsep}{0pt}%
\ifParaList%
\setlength{\leftmargin}{0pt}%
\setlength{\itemindent}{1em}%
\advance\itemindent by \labelwidth% 
\advance\itemindent by \labelsep% 
\fi%
\ifRoundPunctuation%
\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{(##1)}}%
\else%
\ifSquarePunctuation%
\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{[##1]}}%
\else%
\ifDotPunctuation%
\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1.}}%
\else%
\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}%
\fi\fi\fi}
}
%%
}{}%

\newif\iffigruleins
\global\figruleinstrue%


\@ifpackageloaded{showlabels}{%
%%
\ifSL@AMS
%%  \let\SL@maketag@@@=\maketag@@@
  \def\maketag@@@#1{%
  \SL@maketag@@@{#1}%
  \ifx\df@label\@empty%
      \ifx\SL@labelname\relax%
        \SL@eqnlrtext{Missing}%
    \else
        \SL@eqnlrtext{\SL@labelname}%
      \fi
    \else
      \SL@eqnlrtext{\df@label}%
    \fi
    \global\let\SL@labelname\relax
  }
\else
  \let\SL@eqnnum=\@eqnnum
  \def\@eqnnum{%
    \SL@eqnnum
    \ifx\SL@labelname\relax
    % do nothing
    \else
      \SL@eqnlrtext{\SL@labelname}%
    \fi
    \global\let\SL@labelname\relax
  }
\fi
%%
\providecommand{\showlabelsetlabel}[1]{\normalfont\showlabelfont\iffigruleins\color{blue}#1\color{black}\fi}%
%%
\def\showlabels#1{%
\ifmmode% updated by SUJATHA
  \@temptokena=\expandafter{\csname #1\endcsname}
  \expandafter\edef\csname SL@init#1\endcsname{%
    \let\csname SL@orig#1\endcsname\the\@temptokena
    \let\the\@temptokena\csname SL@#1\endcsname}
  \AtBeginDocument{\csname SL@init#1\endcsname}%
  \expandafter\def\csname SL@#1\endcsname{\SL@showlabels{#1}}
\fi}
%%
\let\SL@initmakecaption\relax%
%%
\def\SL@margintext#1{{\showlabelsetlabel{\SL@prlabelname{#1}}}} 
%%
\def\SL@eqnrighttext#1{\rlap{\quad\ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{Missing}}{\iffigruleins\textcolor{red}{\LARGE EQN. Label Missing}\fi }{\SL@margintext{#1}}}}
%%
}{}

\setlength\oddsidemargin{1in}

\newskip\outermargin%
\outermargin=\paperwidth%
\advance\outermargin by -\textwidth%
\advance\outermargin by -\oddsidemargin%
\setlength{\outermargin}{\evensidemargin}

%%Null Section%%
%\def\sieqn#1{#1}%
\newif\ifNumberedExercise%
\NumberedExercisefalse%

\def\endash{--}
\def\emdash{---}

\newif\iffirstsection

\def\@part[#1]#2{%
    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax
      \refstepcounter{part}%
%      \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\thepart\hspace{1em}#1}%
    \else
 %     \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}%
    \fi
    \markboth{}{}%
    {\centering
     \interlinepenalty \@M
     \normalfont
     \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax
       \huge\bfseries \partname~\thepart\par
       \vskip 3\p@%
     \fi%
     \Huge \bfseries #2\par}%
%    \@endpart
}

%% Part %%%

\renewcommand\part{%
  \secdef\@part\@spart}

%% Chapter %%

\renewcommand\chapter{\if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi
                    \thispagestyle{plain}%
                    \global\@topnum\z@
                    \@afterindentfalse
                    \secdef\@chapter\@schapter}

\def\@makechapterhead#1{%
  \vspace*{10\p@}%
  {\parindent \z@ \raggedright \normalfont
    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
      \if@mainmatter
        \huge\bfseries \@chapapp\space \thechapter
        \par\nobreak
        \vskip 2\p@
      \fi
    \fi
    \interlinepenalty\@M
    \Huge \bfseries #1\par\nobreak
    \vskip 40\p@
  }}

\def\@makeschapterhead#1{%
  \vspace*{0\p@}%
  {\parindent \z@ \raggedright
    \normalfont
    \interlinepenalty\@M
    \Huge \sf\bfseries  #1\par\nobreak
    \vskip 40\p@
  }}


\def\subtitle#1{\bgroup\par\huge\textbf{#1}\par\nointerlineskip\vskip12pt\noindent\ignorespaces\egroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Chapter Opening Contents--Chapter/Author/Address/Abstract/KeyWords..%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\newcount\emailcount%
\newcount\punctcount%

\def\jmkLabel#1{\@bsphack\protected@write\@auxout{}{\string\Newlabel{#1}{\@currentlabel}}\@esphack}%
\def\Newlabel#1#2{\expandafter\xdef\csname X@#1\endcsname{#2}}%
\def\jmkRef#1{\@ifundefined{X@#1}{0}{\csname X@#1\endcsname}}%

\newcommand{\orgdiv}[1]{#1}%
\newcommand{\orgname}[1]{#1}%
\newcommand{\orgaddress}[1]{#1}%
\newcommand{\street}[1]{#1}%
\newcommand{\postcode}[1]{#1}%
\newcommand{\city}[1]{#1}%
\newcommand{\state}[1]{#1}%
\newcommand{\country}[1]{#1}%

\let\sep\@empty%
\let\authorsep\@empty%
\let\emailsep\@empty%

\newcount\aucount%
\newcount\corrauthcount%

%\def\au@and{\unskip\advance\punctcount by -1, }%
\def\au@and{\ifnum\punctcount=1\else\ifnum\punctcount=2\ and\advance\punctcount by -1\else\advance\punctcount by -1 \fi \fi}%
\def\artauthors{}

\newif\if@auemail%

\newcommand{\thecorrauthcount}{\the\corrauthcount}%
\newcommand{\theaucount}{\the\aucount}%
\newcommand{\thefnmCnt}{\the\fnmCnt}%

\def\author{\advance\aucount\@ne\@ifstar{\@@corrauthor}{\@@author}}%

\newcommand{\@@corrauthor}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\artauthors{%
\renewcommand{\email}[1]{}%
\hsize=\textwidth\raggedright%
\global\advance\aucount\@ne%%
\global\advance\corrauthcount\@ne%%
\def\@currentlabel{#2}
\jmkLabel{corrauth\thecorrauthcount}%
\Authorfont%
\def\baselinestretch{1}%
\authorsep{#2\ifnum\aucount=2\else\ifnum\punctcount=2,\else\ifnum\punctcount=1\relax\else\ifnum\punctcount=0\relax\else,\fi\fi\fi\fi}%
\unskip\ifx#1\empty\else\textsuperscript{\smash{{%
\@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{\edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{1}{\jmkRef{\@@affmark}}}%
\unskip\sep\affnum\let\sep=,}}}*}\fi%
\def\authorsep{\au@and~}%
\global\let\sep\@empty%
}}%

\def\Authorfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{11pt}{13pt}\selectfont\bfseries\raggedright}%
\def\addressfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{9pt}{11pt}\selectfont\itshape\raggedright}%
\def\corresfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{9pt}{11pt}\selectfont\raggedright}%
\def\AbsTxtfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{9pt}{11pt}\selectfont\raggedright}%

%\newcommand{\@@author}[2][]{%\showthe\aucount%
\def\@@author[#1]#2{%
\g@addto@macro\artauthors{%%
\renewcommand{\email}[1]{}%
\hsize=\textwidth\raggedright%
\Authorfont%
\def\baselinestretch{1}%
\authorsep{#2\ifnum\aucount=2\ \else\ifnum\punctcount=2,\else\ifnum\punctcount=1\relax\else\ifnum\punctcount=0\relax\else,\fi\fi\fi\fi}%
\unskip\ifx#1\empty\else\textsuperscript{\smash{{%
\@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{\edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{1}{\jmkRef{\@@affmark}}}%
\unskip\sep\affnum\let\sep=,}}}}\fi%
\def\authorsep{\au@and~}%
\global\let\sep\@empty}}%

%%\if@purexml\else%
%
\newcounter{affn}%
\renewcommand\theaffn{\arabic{affn}}%
%
\def\jmkaddress{}%
\def\miscjmkaddress{}%
\def\addsep{\par\vskip0pt}%
%
\newcount\addcount% To check the count of address
%
\def\address{\advance\addcount\@ne\@ifstar\@@corraddress\@@address}%
%
\newcommand{\@@corraddress}[2][]{\gdef\@corresinfo{*#2}}%
%
\newcommand{\@@address}[2][]{\def\temp{#1}%
\g@addto@macro\jmkaddress{\hsize=\textwidth%
%%\removelastskip\nointerlineskip\vskip-3pt\nointerlineskip%
\def\baselinestretch{1}%
\stepcounter{affn}%
\xdef\@currentlabel{\theaffn}%
\jmkLabel{#1}%
\addressfont\ifx#1\empty\else\@hangfrom{\textsuperscript{\smash{\theaffn}}}\fi%
#2\vphantom{Thy}\par%
}}%

\newcommand{\corresinfo}{{\hsize=\textwidth\corresfont\@corresinfo\par}}%

\renewcommand{\maketitle}{\par%
  \@afterindentfalse%
  \begingroup
    \renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}}%
    \def\@makefnmark{\hbox to\z@{$\m@th^{\@thefnmark}$\hss}}%
    \long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent 1em\noindent
            \hbox to1.8em{\hss$\m@th^{\@thefnmark}$}##1}%
      \global\@topnum\z@   % Prevents figures from going at top of page.
      \@maketitle
    \thispagestyle{empty}\@thanks
  \endgroup
  %%\setcounter{footnote}{0}%
  \let\thanks\relax
  \let\maketitle\relax\let\@maketitle\relax
  \gdef\@thanks{}\gdef\@author{}\gdef\@title{}
  \@afterheading%
}

\newskip\adjtitleskip%

\newcommand{\@maketitle}{{%\unskip%
\hsize=\textwidth\parindent=0pt%
\thispagestyle{empty}%
\let\footnote\thanks%
\ifnum\aucount>0%
   \global\punctcount\aucount%
   {\artauthors\par}%
   \removelastskip\vskip12pt%\vskip0pt\nointerlineskip%
   {\jmkaddress\par}%
\fi%
   \removelastskip\vskip9pt%
   \ifx\jmkemail\empty\else{\corresinfo\par}\fi%
   \vspace*{33pt plus8.25pt minus4.125pt}%
   \removelastskip\vskip\adjtitleskip%
}}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%


\newenvironment{absgroup}%
               {\begingroup}%
               {\endgroup\vskip18pt}%

\newenvironment{abstract}[1]{\begingroup%
\removelastskip\nointerlineskip\vskip18pt\nointerlineskip
  \reset@font\AbsTxtfont\hsize=\textwidth\leftskip=36pt\rightskip36pt%
  \parskip=3pt\parindent=10pt%
\if!#1!%
  \noindent%
\else%
  \noindent\textbf{#1:}%
\fi}%
 {\par\endgroup}


\def\keywords#1{\begingroup\par\vskip\baselineskip
\removelastskip\nointerlineskip\vskip18pt\nointerlineskip
  \reset@font\AbsTxtfont\hsize=\textwidth\leftskip=36pt\rightskip36pt%
  \parskip=3pt\parindent=1em%
  \if!#1!%
    \noindent%
  \else%
    \vbox{\noindent\textbf{Keywords:}\ #1}\par%
  \fi%
\endgroup}%

\def\key#1{#1}

\def\fnm#1{#1}%
\def\sur#1{#1}%
\def\email#1{#1}%
\def\phone#1{#1}%
\def\street#1{#1}%
\def\city#1{#1}%
\def\postcode#1{#1}%
\def\country#1{#1}%
\def\countrypart#1{#1}%

%\newcommand\fnm[1]{{\StepUpCounter{\fnmCnt}#1\addtocontents{aq}{\protect{\bfseries Author\ \thefnmCnt}\hfill\protect\break Given Names: #1\hfill\protect\break}}}%
%\newcommand\sur[1]{{#1\addtocontents{aq}{Last Name: #1\protect\par}}}%


\def\raggedcenter{\leftskip=0pt plus 0.5fil\rightskip=0pt plus 0.5fil%
\parfillskip=0pt\let\hb=\break}%

\long\def\dedication#1{\begingroup\parindent=0pt%
\vbox{\par\vbox{\bgroup\parindent=0pt\par\egroup}%
\raggedcenter\huge\itshape#1%
\par\vbox{\bgroup\noindent\par\egroup}%
}%
\endgroup}

\def\contributors{\chapter*{Contributors}
\addtocontents{toc}{\vskip-8pt}
\addcontentsline{toc}{schapter}{Contributors}
\vskip1sp
\leftskip=10pt
\parindent-10pt
\vskip-2pt
\everypar={}
\def\footnote##1{\hskip-10pt\savefootnote{##1}\hskip10pt}
\setcounter{page}{5}
\global\titletrue
}

\def\name#1{\vskip2pt\textsc{#1}\hskip10pt}

\def\endcontributors{\newpage\markboth{}{}}


\def\preface{\startonoddpage
\chapter*{Preface}
\global\titletrue
\addtocontents{toc}{\vskip-8pt}
\addcontentsline{toc}{schapter}{Preface}}

\def\prefacefirst{\startonoddpage
\chapter*{Preface to the First Edition}
\global\titletrue
\addtocontents{toc}{\vskip-8pt}
\addcontentsline{toc}{schapter}{\protect\numberline{\ }\string\rlap{Preface to First Edition}}}

\let\endprefacefirst\endpreface

\def\endpreface{\newpage\markboth{}{}}

\def\prefaceauthor#1{\vskip14pt\hbox to\textwidth{\hfill\small\sc #1}}


\def\acronyms{\startonoddpage
\global\titletrue
\chapter*{Acronyms}
\addtocontents{toc}{\vskip-8pt}
\addcontentsline{toc}{schapter}{Acronyms}}

\def\introduction{\startonoddpage
\global\titletrue
\chapter*{Introduction}
\renewcommand{\thechapter}{I}
\addtocontents{toc}{\vskip-8pt}
\addcontentsline{toc}{schapter}{Introduction}}

\def\acknowledgments{\startonoddpage
\global\titletrue
\chapter*{Acknowledgments}
\addtocontents{toc}{\vskip-8pt}
\addcontentsline{toc}{schapter}{Acknowledgments}}

\let\acknowledgements\acknowledgments

\def\acro#1#2{\vskip4pt\hbox to\textwidth{\large
\hbox to5pc{#1\hfill}\vtop{\advance\hsize by
-5pc\raggedright\noindent#2}}}

\def\authorinitials#1{\vskip12pt
\hbox to\textwidth{\hfill#1}\newpage}


\def\where#1{\vskip4pt\vtop{\parindent=0pt \normalsize #1}}

\def\startonoddpage{\clearpage
\ifodd\c@page\else\null\thispagestyle{empty}\newpage\fi}

\def\foreword{\startonoddpage
\chapter*{Foreword}
\global\titletrue
\addtocontents{toc}{\vskip-8pt}
\addcontentsline{toc}{schapter}{Foreword}}

\let\endforeword\endpreface

\def\l@schapter#1#2{%
  \ifnum \c@tocdepth >1
    \addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}%
    \vskip 6pt \@plus\p@
     \setlength\@tempdima{2.5em}%
    \begingroup
      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
      \leavevmode 
      \advance\leftskip\@tempdima
      \hskip -\leftskip
%\chaptocfont 
#1\nobreak\hfil \nobreak\hbox 
to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
      \penalty\@highpenalty
    \endgroup
\vskip1sp
  \fi}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\numbered{\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}}% 
\def\unnumbered{\setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}}%
\numbered%

\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname.\hskip0.5em}
%
\renewcommand\thesection      {\thechapter.\@arabic\c@section}%
\renewcommand\thesubsection   {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}%
\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}%
\renewcommand\theparagraph    {(\@arabic\c@paragraph)}%
\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph\@arabic\c@subparagraph}%
%
\renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}{-27pt \@plus -2pt \@minus -2pt}{6\p@}{\sf\huge\bfseries\let\sectitle=A}}%
\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{-23pt \@plus -2pt \@minus -2pt}{5\p@}{\sf\LARGE\bfseries\let\subsectitle=A}}%
\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{-20pt \@plus -2pt \@minus -2pt}{2\p@}{\sf\Large\bfseries\let\subsubsectitle=A}}%
\renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}{-12pt \@plus -2pt \@minus -2pt}{-0.5em}{\sf\large\bfseries\let\paratitle=A}}%
\renewcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@}{-12pt \@plus -2pt \@minus -2pt}{-0.5em}{\sf\large\itshape\let\subparatitle=A}}%

\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
  \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
    \let\@svsec\@empty
  \else
    \refstepcounter{#1}%
    \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
  \fi
  \@tempskipa #5\relax
  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
    \begingroup
      #6{%
        \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
          \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
    \endgroup
    \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
    \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
      \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
        \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
      \fi
      #7}%
  \else
    \def\@svsechd{%
      #6{\hskip #3\relax
      \@svsec #8.}%
      \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
      \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
        \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
          \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
        \fi
        #7}}%
  \fi
  \@xsect{#5}}

\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{\@tempskipa #3\relax
   \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
     \begingroup #4\@hangfrom{\hskip #1}{\interlinepenalty \@M #5\par}%
     \endgroup%
   \else \def\@svsechd{#4\hskip #1\relax #5}\fi%
      \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{#5}%
    \@xsect{#3}}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\newenvironment{objectives}[1]%
               {\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt\leftskip=24pt%
                \hbox{\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}}%  
                \removelastskip\nointerlineskip\vskip-6pt\vskip0pt\nointerlineskip%
		\begin{itemize}
                }%
               {\end{itemize}%
                \removelastskip\nointerlineskip\vskip6pt\nointerlineskip%
                \hbox{\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}}\endgroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%           EXTRACT            %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\extractname{extract}%
\def\versename{poetry}%
\def\quotename{quote}%
\def\pullquotename{pullquote}%
\def\epigraphname{epigraph}%

\newskip\QELftRghtDimen%
\QELftRghtDimen=36pt%

\long\def\source#1{\par\vskip2pt#1}%
%\def\source#1{\raggedright#1}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\Extsource#1{\par\bgroup\leftskip=36pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax\reset@font\normalfont\bfseries\itshape#1\par%
\removelastskip\nointerlineskip\vskip12pt\egroup}%
\def\Versesource#1{\par\bgroup\leftskip=36pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax#1b\par\egroup}%

\newenvironment{xextract}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt\par%
\hsize=\textwidth\linewidth=\textwidth%
\let\source\Extsource%
\gdef\QELftRghtDimen{36pt}
\vskip18pt%
\leftskip\QELftRghtDimen\rightskip\QELftRghtDimen\itshape}{\vskip18pt\endgroup}%

\def\extractHd#1{\removelastskip\nointerlineskip\vskip12pt\nointerlineskip%
                 \bgroup\leftskip=36pt\rightskip=36pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax%
                         \textbf{#1}\par\egroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\QEsource#1{\par\bgroup\leftskip=36pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax\reset@font\normalfont\bfseries\itshape#1\par%
\removelastskip\nointerlineskip\vskip12pt\egroup}%

\newenvironment{QE}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt\par%
\hsize=\textwidth\linewidth=\textwidth%
\let\source\Extsource%
\gdef\QELftRghtDimen{24pt}
\vskip18pt%
\leftskip\QELftRghtDimen\rightskip\QELftRghtDimen}{\vskip18pt\endgroup}%

\def\QuoteHd#1{\removelastskip\nointerlineskip\vskip12pt\nointerlineskip%
                 \bgroup\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax%
                         \textbf{#1}\par\egroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\Versesource#1{\par\bgroup\rightskip=0pt\leftskip=36pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax\reset@font\normalfont\bfseries#1\par%
\removelastskip\nointerlineskip\vskip12pt\egroup}%

%\def\PoetryHd##1{\bgroup\noindent\centering\fontsize{18}{20}\selectfont\textbf{##1}\par\nointerlineskip\vskip12pt\ignorespaces\egroup}%

\def\PoetryHd#1{\removelastskip\nointerlineskip\vskip12pt\nointerlineskip%
                 \bgroup\leftskip=24pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\rightskip=24pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax%
                         \fontsize{18}{20}\selectfont\textbf{#1}\par\egroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\newenvironment{epigraph}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=3pt\vskip-\parskip%
\vskip12pt%
\def\source##1{\par\vskip6pt\bgroup\hfill{##1}\rlap{\vphantom{Ay}}\egroup}%
\leftskip=24pt\rightskip=24pt%
\itshape\noindent{}}{\vskip12pt\endgroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\newenvironment{pullquote}%
               {\begingroup\medskip\centerline{\hbox to 5pc{\hrulefill}}\parindent=0pt\itshape\leftskip=7.5pc\rightskip=7.5pc\centering}%
               {\par\endgroup\centerline{\hbox to 5pc{\hrulefill}}\medskip}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\renewenvironment{quote}[2][quote]{\begingroup%
  \gdef\quotetype{#1}%%(\quotetype)
  \ifx\quotetype\extractname%%
     \let\title\extractHd%
     \begin{xextract}%
  \else%
  \ifx\quotetype\quotename%%
     \let\title\QuoteHd%
     \begin{QE}%
  \else%
  \ifx\quotetype\versename%%
     \let\source\Versesource%
     \let\title\PoetryHd%
     \begin{verse}%
  \else%
  \ifx\quotetype\epigraphname%%
     \let\source\Versesource%
     \begin{epigraph}%
  \else%
  \ifx\quotetype\pullquotename%%
     \let\source\Versesource%
     \let\title\QuoteHd%
     \begin{pullquote}%
  \else%
     \begingroup%
  \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi}{%
  \ifx\quotetype\pullquotename%%
      \end{pullquote}%
  \else%
  \ifx\quotetype\epigraphname%%
      \end{epigraph}%
  \else%
  \ifx\quotetype\versename%%
      \end{verse}%
  \else%
  \ifx\quotetype\quotename%%
      \end{QE}%
  \else%
  \ifx\quotetype\extractname%%
      \end{xextract}%
  \else%
      \endgroup%
  \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi%
  \endgroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\itemize{%
  \ifnum \@itemdepth >3 \@toodeep\else \advance\@itemdepth \@ne
  \edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
  \list{\csname\@itemitem\endcsname}%
       {\setlength{\labelsep}{6pt}%
        \setlength\leftmargin{6pt}%
        \advance\leftmargin by \labelsep% 
        \setlength\itemsep{0pt}
        \setlength{\partopsep}{0pt}%
        \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}%
        \setlength{\listparindent}{0pt}%
        \def\makelabel##1{\hss{##1}}}\fi}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%BEGIN -- DIAGLOGUE == DEVI (16/02/16)%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\speakertitle#1#2{\bgroup\vglue12pt\vbox{\parindent=0pt\textbf{#1: #2}\par}\vskip-12pt\vskip0pt\egroup}%

\newenvironment{speakers}{\par\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt\parsep=0pt%
\begin{enumerate}[Speaker A:]}{\end{enumerate}\endgroup}

\newenvironment{dialogue}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt\parsep=0pt\begin{speakers}}{\end{speakers}\endgroup}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%BEGIN -- Title Definition %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\typetext#1{\bgroup\noindent{type=`#1'}\par\egroup}%
\def\Featurefixedtypetext#1{\bgroup\noindent{featureFixed type=`#1'}\par\egroup}%
\def\Mathstatementtypetext#1{\bgroup\noindent{mathStatement type=`#1'}\par\egroup}%

%\def\title#1#2\par{\bgroup\typetext{#1}\noindent\textbf{#2}\par\nointerlineskip\vskip12pt\noindent\ignorespaces\egroup}%
\def\title#1{\bgroup\noindent\textbf{#1}\par\nointerlineskip\vskip12pt\noindent\ignorespaces\egroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%END -- Title Definition %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%BEGIN -- Feature Fixed Definition%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\feanameTip{tip}%
\def\feanameNote{note}%
\def\feanameWarning{warning}%

\newenvironment{tip}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt%
\bigskip\begin{breakbox}\ignorespaces\noindent}{\end{breakbox}\endgroup}%

\newenvironment{warning}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt%
\bigskip\begin{breakbox}\ignorespaces\noindent}{\end{breakbox}\endgroup}%

\newenvironment{featureFxd}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt%
\bigskip\begin{breakbox}\ignorespaces\noindent}{\end{breakbox}\endgroup}%

\def\FeaFxdHd#1{\removelastskip%\vskip12pt%
                \bgroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt%
                  \leftskip=0pt\rightskip=24pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax%
                         \fontsize{18}{20}\selectfont\textbf{#1}\par%
\vskip6pt\noindent\egroup}%


\newenvironment{featureFixed}[2][featureFxd]%
               {\begingroup\fboxsep=9pt%
                \let\title\FeaFxdHd%
                \gdef\feafxdtype{#1}%
                 \ifx\feafxdtype\feanameTip%
                   \begin{tip}%
                   \noindent%
                 \else%
                   \begin{featureFxd}%
                 \fi%
		}%
                {\ifx\feafxdtype\feanameTip%
                   \end{tip}%
                 \else%
                   \end{featureFxd}%
                 \fi%
                 \bigskip\endgroup}%


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%END -- Feature Fixed Definition %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%BEGIN -- Feature Definition%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\newcount\featuretitcnt%
\featuretitcnt=0\relax%

\def\feasection#1{\bgroup\vskip6pt\parindent=0pt\fontsize{20}{22}\sf\bfseries{#1}\egroup}%

\def\feasubsection#1{\bgroup\vskip6pt\parindent=0pt\fontsize{18}{20}\sf\bfseries{#1}\par\vskip6pt\egroup\noindent\ignorespaces}%

\long\def\featuretitle#1\par{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt%
\def\raggedright{\leftskip=0pc\rightskip3pc\advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}%
\StepUpCounter{\featuretitcnt}%
\removelastskip\vskip6pt\nointerlineskip%
{\Huge\sf\bfseries\raggedright#1\ \thechapter.\the\featuretitcnt\par\nointerlineskip\vskip2pt}%
\nointerlineskip\vskip12pt\nointerlineskip%
\endgroup\noindent}%

\def\@feaenum@{\list{\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}%
           {\usecounter{\@enumctr}
\setlength{\rightmargin}{-0.95pt}%
\setlength{\topsep}{6pt}%
\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}%
\setlength{\partopsep}{0pt}%
\setlength{\parsep}{0pt}%
\ifRoundPunctuation%
\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{(##1)}}%
\else%
\ifSquarePunctuation%
\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{[##1]}}%
\else%
\ifDotPunctuation%
\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1.}}%
\else%
\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}%
\fi\fi\fi}}

\def\feanameBox{Box}%
\def\feanameGeneral{FeaBox}%

\newenvironment{BoxI}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt%
\bigskip\begin{boitecoloriee}\ignorespaces\noindent}{\end{boitecoloriee}\endgroup}%

\newenvironment{FeaBox}{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt%
\bigskip\begin{boitecoloriee}\ignorespaces\noindent}{\end{boitecoloriee}\endgroup}%

\newenvironment{feature}[2][FeaBox]{\begingroup\vskip24pt\fboxsep=6pt
\parskip=0pt%\parindent=0pt%
\let\title\featuretitle%
\let\section\feasection%
\let\subsection\feasubsection%
\let\@enum@\@feaenum@%
\advance\rightmargin by -36pt%
\fontsize{12}{14}\selectfont\sf%
\gdef\featuretype{#1}%
\ifx\featuretype\feanameGeneral%
   \begin{BoxI}%
\else%
   \begin{FeaBox}%
\fi%
}{\par
\ifx\featuretype\feanameGeneral%
   \end{Box}%
\else%
   \end{FeaBox}%
\fi%
\endgroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%END -- Feature Definition %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%BEGIN -- Numbered Figure With Caption%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
  \vskip\abovecaptionskip%
    \global\@minipagefalse%
    {\raggedright#1: #2}%
  \vskip\belowcaptionskip}%

\def\fps@scheme{btph}%
\def\ftype@scheme{3}
\newcounter{scheme}[chapter]
\renewcommand\thescheme{\thechapter.\@arabic\c@scheme}%
\newcommand\schemename{Scheme}% 
\def\fnum@scheme{\schemename~\thescheme}%

\long\def\Schemecaption#1{\begingroup%
\refstepcounter{scheme}
   \@parboxrestore
    \normalsize
%    \begin{center}\includegraphics{#2}\end{center}%
    \@makecaption{\fnum@scheme}{#1}\par%
  \endgroup}

\newenvironment{scheme}{%
\let\caption\Schemecaption\@float{scheme}%
\small}{\end@float}%


\long\def\unnumfigcaption#1{\begingroup%
   \@parboxrestore%
\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont\baselineskip=10pt%
\vskip12pt%
\par\vbox{#1}\par%
  \endgroup}%

%\def\SPIFIG#1#2{\vbox{\centering\hbox{#1}\par#2}}%

\newenvironment{unnumfigure}{\begingroup\parskip=0pt%%
\removelastskip\nointerlineskip\vskip12pt\nointerlineskip%
\let\caption\unnumfigcaption%
}{\endgroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%END -- Unnumbered Figure == DEVI (16/02/16)%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\long\def\unnumtabcaption#1#2#3{\begingroup%
\@parboxrestore%
\vbox{#1}\par%
\nointerlineskip\vskip3pt\nointerlineskip%
\vbox{#2}\par%
\nointerlineskip\vskip3pt\nointerlineskip%
\vbox{#3}\par%
\endgroup}%

\newenvironment{unnumtable}{\begingroup\parskip=0pt%%
\removelastskip\vskip\textfloatsep%
\def\arraystretch{1.2}%
\let\caption\unnumtabcaption%
}{\removelastskip\vskip\textfloatsep\endgroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%END -- Unnum tab %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}

\def\firsttablerule{\\[-6pt]\hline\\}%
\def\lasttablerule{\\\hline}%
\def\tablerule{\\[-6pt]\hline}%

\def\eqnarray{%
%% updated by suj %%
\def\label##1{\@bsphack
  \protected@write\@auxout{}%
         {\string\newlabel{##1}{{\@currentlabel}{\thepage}{}{}{}}}%
\gdef\df@label{##1}\@esphack}%
   \stepcounter{equation}%
   \def\@currentlabel{\p@equation\theequation}%
   \global\@eqnswtrue%
   \m@th%
   \global\@eqcnt\z@%
   \tabskip\@centering%
   \let\\\@eqncr%
   $$\everycr{}\halign to\displaywidth\bgroup%
       \hskip\@centering$\displaystyle\tabskip\z@skip{##}$\@eqnsel%
      &\global\@eqcnt\@ne\hskip \eqnarraycolsep \hfil${##}$\hfil%
      &\global\@eqcnt\tw@ \hskip \eqnarraycolsep%
         $\displaystyle{##}$\hfil\tabskip\@centering%
      &\global\@eqcnt\thr@@ \hbox to\z@\bgroup\hss##\egroup%
         \tabskip\z@skip%
      \cr%
}

\def\endeqnarray{%
      \@@eqncr%
      \egroup%
      \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne%
   $$\global\@ignoretrue%
   \global\let\df@label\@empty%
}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%BEGIN -- Enunciation Definition %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\newtheoremstyle{plain}% name of the style to be used
  {12pt}% measure of space to leave above the theorem. E.g.: 3pt
  {12pt}% measure of space to leave below the theorem. E.g.: 3pt
  {\itshape}% name of font to use in the body of the theorem
  {0pt}% measure of space to indent
  {\bfseries}% name of head font
  {:}% punctuation between head and body
  {1em}% space after theorem head; " " = normal interword space
  {\thmname{#1\ }\thmnumber{#2}\thmnote{\textit{(#3)}}}

\theoremstyle{plain}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[chapter]
\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}[chapter]
\newtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}[chapter]
\newtheorem{example}{Example}[chapter]


\newtheoremstyle{spplain}% name of the style to be used
  {12pt}% measure of space to leave above the theorem. E.g.: 3pt
  {12pt}% measure of space to leave below the theorem. E.g.: 3pt
  {\normalfont}% name of font to use in the body of the theorem
  {0pt}% measure of space to indent
  {\bfseries}% name of head font
  {:}% punctuation between head and body
  {1em}% space after theorem head; " " = normal interword space
  {\thmname{#1\ }\thmnumber{#2}\thmnote{\textit{(#3)}}}

\theoremstyle{spplain}
\newtheorem{definition}{Definition}[chapter]
\newtheorem{remark}{Remark}[chapter]

\newtheorem{exer}{Exercise}[chapter]

\renewenvironment{proof}{\begingroup\parskip=0pt%%
\indent\textit{Proof.\quad}\ignorespaces}{\endgroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\long\def\solution#1\par{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt%
\def\title##1{\bgroup\noindent\textbf{\textit{##1}}\ignorespaces\egroup}%
\vskip18pt\nointerlineskip%
\def\raggedright{\leftskip=0pc\rightskip3pc\advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 1fil\parfillskip=0pt\relax}%
\StepUpCounter{\featuretitcnt}%
#1\par\endgroup\noindent}%

\newenvironment{problems}[1][]{\begingroup%
\if!#1!\section*{Problems}\else\section*{#1}\fi\par%
\begin{enumerate}[1.]}{\end{enumerate}\endgroup}

\newenvironment{exercise}{\begingroup\begin{enumerate}[a.]}{\end{enumerate}\endgroup}

\newif\ifExersResumeNumberLabel%
%\ExersResumeNumberLabel
\ExersResumeNumberLabelfalse%

\newenvironment{exercises}[1][problems]{\begingroup%
    	        \if!#1!\def\exerssectitle{}\else\section*{#1}\fi%
%	        \if!#2!%
%                   \def\exersseclabeltext{}\def\exersresumelabeltext{}%
%                \else%
% 		   \ifExersResumeNumberLabel%
%		      \def\exersresumelabeltext{#2}
%		      \def\exersseclabeltext{}%
%                   \else%
%		      \def\exersresumelabeltext{}%
%		      \def\exersseclabeltext{#2}%
%	           \fi%
%                \fi%
%\if!#3!\def\exersecextralabel{}\else\def\exersecextralabel{#3}\fi%
\NumberedExercisetrue%
\begin{enumerate}[1.]%
                }%
               {\end{enumerate}\endgroup}%

\long\def\ques#1{\item #1}%

\long\def\exerIns#1{\vskip9pt\vbox{#1}}%

\long\def\hint#1{\par\bgroup%\par
%\vskip-9pt\vskip0pt%
\item[]  \textit{Hint:}\ #1\par
\egroup}%


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%			Numbered table with float                  %%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\newif\ifNumberedTableExists%

\newbox\tabbodybox

\let\toprule\hline
\let\botrule\hline
\let\midrule\hline

\newbox\chktabbodywdbox%

\def\xcopyrightpage#1#2\end#3{\scriptsize\parindent=0pt
Copyright \copyright{#1} by John Wiley \& Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
\vskip6.5pt
Published by John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.\\
Published simultaneously in Canada.
\vskip6.5pt

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form\\ or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except
as\\ permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States
Copyright Act, without either the prior\\ written permission of the
Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate
per-copy fee to\\ the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood
Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400,\\ fax (978) 646-8600, or on
the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for
permission should\\ be addressed to the Permissions Department, John
Wiley \& Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ\\ 07030, (201)
748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008.  \vskip10pt

Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and
author have used their best efforts in\\ preparing this book, they
make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy
or\\ completeness of the contents of this book and specifically
disclaim any implied warranties of\\ merchantability or fitness for a
particular purpose.  No warranty may be created or extended by
sales\\ representatives or written sales materials.  The advice and strategies contained herin may not be\\
suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional
where appropriate.  Neither the\\
publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including\\
but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
\vskip10pt
For general information on our other products and services please contact our Customer Care\\ Department with the U.S. at 877-762-2974, outside the U.S. at
317-572-3993 or fax 317-572-4002.
\vskip10pt
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print,\\
however, may not be available in electronic format.
\vskip10pt
{\bfseries Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:}
\vskip8pt
#2
Printed in the United States of America.\\

10\ \ 9\ \ 8\ \ 7\ \ 6\ \ 5\ \  4\ \ 3\ \ 2\ \ 1 
\vskip24pt
\egroup\let\@badend\relax\endgroup}

\def\copyrightpage{\thispagestyle{empty}%
\vbox to\textheight\bgroup\vfill\obeylines\obeyspaces\xcopyrightpage}
\let\endcopyrightpage\egroup

\long\def\tabcaption#1#2#3{\par\parindent=0pt%
\refstepcounter{table}%
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{6pt}%
\def\footnotemark[##1]{\textsuperscript{{##1}}}%
\renewcommand\footnotetext[2][]{{\noindent\if!##1!\else\hbox to 12pt{\hfil\textsuperscript{##1}\hskip3.5pt}\fi##2\par}}%
\setbox\chktabbodywdbox\hbox{#2}%
\setbox\tabbodybox=\vbox{\hsize=\wd\chktabbodywdbox%
{\setlength\abovecaptionskip{0pt}%
\small%
   \@makecaption{\bfseries\fnum@table}{\if!#1!\else\ignorespaces\quad\ignorespaces\small #1\fi}\par%
\removelastskip\vskip6pt%
}%
\hbox to\hsize{#2}\par%
    \if!#3!\vskip0pt\else\nointerlineskip\vskip6pt\nointerlineskip%
    \vbox{\par#3}%
  \fi}%
\copy\tabbodybox%
}

\renewenvironment{table}
               {\let\caption\tabcaption\@float{table}}
               {\end@float}

\renewenvironment{table*}
               {\let\caption\tabcaption\@dblfloat{table}}
               {\end@dblfloat}

\def\sidewaystable{\let\caption\tabcaption\@rotfloat{table}}
\let\endsidewaystable\end@rotfloat

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\MathStatResumeNumber{}%

\renewcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0em}{2.3em}}

\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}

\def\@dottedtocline#1#2#3#4#5{\ifnum #1>\c@tocdepth \else
  \vskip3pt \@plus.2\p@
  {\sf\bfseries\leftskip #2\relax \rightskip \@tocrmarg \parfillskip -\rightskip
    \parindent #2\relax\@afterindenttrue
   \interlinepenalty\@M
   \leavevmode
   \@tempdima #3\relax
   \advance\leftskip \@tempdima\hbox{}\hskip -\leftskip
    {#4}\nobreak\leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern \@dotsep
       mu$}\hfill \nobreak
           \hbox to\@pnumwidth{%
             \hfil\reset@font\rmfamily \normalcolor #5}\par}\fi}


\newenvironment{mathStatement}[1]%
               {\begingroup\def\mathstattag{#1}\begin{boitenumeroteeavecunedoublebarre}{}\let\typetext\Mathstatementtypetext\list{}{\rightmargin=0pt\leftmargin=0pt}%
                \item\relax}%
               {\endlist\end{boitenumeroteeavecunedoublebarre}\endgroup}%

\newenvironment{mmathStatement}[1]%
               {\let\typetext\Mathstatementtypetext\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
                \item\relax}%
               {\endlist}%

\def\ieqn#1{#1}%

\long\def\termdef#1{\begingroup%
#1%
\endgroup}%

\newenvironment{floatquote}%
               {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
                \item\relax}%
               {\endlist}%

\newenvironment{blkbox}%
               {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
                \item\relax}%
               {\endlist}%

\newenvironment{blkfxdbox}[1]%
               {\begingroup\bigskip\fboxsep=9pt\begin{breakbox}\let\typetext\Featurefixedtypetext%
                \if!#1!\def\feafxdcatgry{}\else\def\feafxdcatgry{#1}\feafxdCatgrychk{#1}\fi%
		\noindent\ignorespaces}%
                {\end{breakbox}\bigskip\endgroup}%

\def\drule{\centerline{\hbox to 5pc{\hrulefill}}\par\nointerlineskip\vskip4pt\centerline{\hbox to 5pc{\hrulefill}}}%

\newenvironment{sidebar}%
               {\begingroup\medskip\hrule\medskip\parindent=0pt}%
               {\par\endgroup\medskip\hrule\medskip}%


\long\def\answer#1{\bgroup #1\egroup}%
\long\def\sol#1{\bgroup#1\egroup}%

\long\def\explanation#1{\bgroup #1\egroup}%

\def\MultipleBibSection{}

\newenvironment{biography}%
               {\begingroup\vskip\baselineskip%
               \vbox{\bgroup\noindent{$<$biographyInfo ...$>$}\par\egroup}%
               \def\authorimage##1{\par\noindent\includegraphics{##1}}%
               \ignorespaces\noindent\ignorespaces}%
               {\par\vbox{\bgroup\noindent{$<$/biographyInfo ...$>$}\par\egroup}%
\endgroup\vskip\baselineskip}%

\long\def\textbreak{\begingroup\vskip\baselineskip%
\vbox{\bgroup\egroup}\par%
\hbox to \textwidth{\hfill\noindent{$<$Text Break$>$}$\bullet\bullet\bullet\bullet\bullet$\noindent{$<$/Text Break$>$}\hfill}%
\endgroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%BEGIN -- Affiliation == DEVI (15/02/16)%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\long\gdef\AuthandAff#1#2{\begingroup\parindent=0pt\raggedright%
\vbox{{#1\par\nointerlineskip}{#2}}
\endgroup}

\def\auth#1{#1}%
%\def\fn#1{#1}%
\def\authnote#1{$^{#1}$}%
\def\contactdetails#1{,\ #1\par}%
\def\and{and\par}
\def\url#1{\texttt{#1}}%

\long\gdef\aff#1{%
%\StepUpCounter{\affcnt}%\StoreAuthAffTxt{\the\affcnt}
%$^{#1}$
{%
\def\email{\@latexerr{WARNING: Do not use this tag inside affiliation tag}\@eha}%
\def\url{\expandafter\@latexerr{WARNING: Do not use this tag inside affiliation tag}\@eha}%
\def\phone{\@latexerr{WARNING: Do not use this tag inside affiliation tag}\@eha}%
\def\fax{\@latexerr{WARNING: Do not use this tag inside affiliation tag}\@eha}%
\def\textbf{\@latexerr{WARNING: Do not use this tag inside affiliation tag}\@eha}%
\def\textit{\@latexerr{WARNING: Do not use this tag inside affiliation tag}\@eha}%
\def\textrm{\@latexerr{WARNING: Do not use this tag inside affiliation tag}\@eha}%
#1}%\global\OrgDivExistsfalse
\vskip24pt%
}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%BEGIN -- SignatureBlock == DEVI (16/02/16)%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\newenvironment{signature}%
               {\begingroup\parindent=0pt\let\\\par
                \begin{flushright}}{\end{flushright}\endgroup}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%END -- DIAGLOGUE == DEVI (16/02/16)%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%


\def\ulntext#1{\underline{#1}}% 
\def\dulntext#1{\underline{\underline{#1}}}% 
\def\olntext#1{$\overline{#1}$}% 
\def\stlntext#1{$\not{#1}$}% 
\def\code#1{\texttt{#1}}%
\def\tt#1{\texttt{#1}}%
\def\monotext#1{\texttt{#1}}%
\def\sanseriftext#1{\textsf{#1}}%
\def\seriftext#1{\textrm{#1}}%
\def\bkcolortext#1{\colorbox{red}{#1}}%
\def\colortext#1#2{\bgroup\textcolor{#1}{#2}\egroup}%
\def\monocolortext#1#2{\textcolor{#1}{\texttt{#2}}}%
\def\sanscolortext#1#2{\textcolor{#1}{\textsf{#2}}}%
\def\hltext#1{\colorbox{red}{#1}}%
\def\latexieqn#1{#1}%
\def\texieqn#1{#1}%
\def\warningtxt#1{#1}%
\def\onlinetext#1{#1}%
\def\printtext#1{#1}%
\def\ichemeqn#1{#1}%

\def\salutation#1{#1}%


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Note Group%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\mnote#1{\marginpar{#1}}%
\def\tfn#1#2{$^#1$#2}%
\def\tfnr#1{#1}%
\def\chapfootnotetext#1{{}}%
\let\vfootnote\footnote%
\let\hvfootnote\footnote%

\newenvironment{Endnotes}[1]%
               {\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=6pt
                \section*{#1}}%
               {\endgroup}%

\def\note#1{#1}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Note%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\pgs#1#2{#1 #2}%

\newenvironment{LTE}%
               {\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=6pt}%
               {\endgroup}%

\newenvironment{matchcandidates}%
               {\begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=3pt}%
               {\endgroup}%

\def\ExtraLabelExists{}
\def\eqlabel#1{}
\def\eqextlabel{}

\newskip\eqnarraycolsep%
\eqnarraycolsep=6pt%

\def\ResumeEqnNumber{}

\def\accndoi#1{#1}
\def\accnnormno#1{#1}
\def\accnpatno#1{#1}
\def\accnissn#1{#1}
\def\accnisbn#1{#1}

\newif\ifborderrule%
\borderruletrue%

\topmargin=5pc

\newdimen\safetymargin%
\safetymargin=18pt%

\newdimen\safetypaperheight%
\safetypaperheight=\paperheight%
\advance\safetypaperheight by -2\safetymargin%

\newdimen\safetypaperwidth
\safetypaperwidth=\paperwidth
\advance\safetypaperwidth by -2\safetymargin%

\def\safetyimagemarks{%
\nointerlineskip%
\moveright\safetymargin\vbox to 0pt{\vskip\safetymargin%
\nointerlineskip%
\vbox to\safetypaperheight{\trimhrule\vss%
\hbox to\safetypaperwidth{\trimvrule%
\vbox to\safetypaperheight{%
\hbox to\safetypaperwidth{\hss}%
\vss%
\hbox to\safetypaperwidth{\hss}%
\vss%
\hbox to\safetypaperwidth{\hss}%
}\hss\trimvrule}%
\trimhrule}%
\vss}}%

\newif\ifpagebody%
\pagebodyfalse%

\newif\ifNoMajorMinor%
\NoMajorMinorfalse%

\newif\ifMajorMinor%
\MajorMinorfalse%

\newif\ifOutsideMinor
\OutsideMinortrue%

\def\borderrule{%
  \def\trimvrule{\vrule width0pt}%
  \def\trimhrule{\hrule height0pt}%
}%

\def\nullborderrule{%
  \def\trimvrule{\vrule width0pt}%Rule is not required
  \def\trimhrule{\hrule height0pt}%Rule is not required
}%

\newif\iffigruleins%
\figruleinsfalse%

\def\figrule{%
\def\fighrule{\hrule height0.1pt}%
\def\figvrule{\vrule width0.1pt}%
}%

\def\nullfigrule{%
\def\fighrule{\hrule height0pt}%
\def\figvrule{\vrule width0pt}%
}%

\iffigruleins\figrule\else\nullfigrule\fi% To see the FIGURES in the PREVIEW as a FRAMED BOX%

\newif\iftrimmarks\trimmarkstrue%\trimmarksfalse%

\newskip\blrlwd%
\blrlwd=24pt%

\newdimen\bleed
\bleed=18pt

\newskip\bleedruleht%
\bleedruleht=0.5pt%

\newskip\brlmvdn%
\brlmvdn=\blrlwd%
\advance\brlmvdn by \bleed%

\def\tlmark{}%\smash{\hbox{\rule{\blrlwd}{0.5pt}\hskip\bleed\rule[\bleed]{0.5pt}{\blrlwd}}}}%
\def\trmark{}%\smash{\hbox{\rule[\bleed]{0.5pt}{\blrlwd}\hskip\bleed\rule{\blrlwd}{0.5pt}}}}%
\def\brmark{}%\smash{\hbox{\rule[-\brlmvdn]{0.5pt}{\blrlwd}\hskip\bleed\rule{\blrlwd}{0.5pt}}}}%
\def\blmark{}%\smash{\hbox{\rule{\blrlwd}{0.5pt}\hskip\bleed\rule[-\brlmvdn]{0.5pt}{\blrlwd}}}}%

\def\regcropmark{}%\bgroup\setlength{\unitlength}{.1in}%
%\linethickness{0.4pt}%
%\put(-1.25,0){\line(1,0){2.5}}%
%\put(0,-1.25){\line(0,1){2.5}}%
%\put(0,0){\circle{1.6}}%
%\egroup}%

\newskip\cropraisedimen%
\cropraisedimen=\bleed%
\advance\cropraisedimen by 0.5\bleed%

\def\hcropmark{\leavevmode\smash{\raise\cropraisedimen\hbox{\regcropmark}}}%
\def\bhcropmark{\leavevmode\smash{\lower\cropraisedimen\hbox{\regcropmark}}}%
\def\vcropmark{\leavevmode\hbox{\regcropmark}}%

\def\imagemarks{%
\nointerlineskip%
\vbox to 0pt{\moveleft\bleed\vbox to 0pt{\parskip=0pt\parindent=0pt\leftskip=0pt\rightskip=0pt\vskip-\bleed\topborder}%
\nointerlineskip%
\vbox to\paperheight{\trimhrule
\vss%
\hbox to \paperwidth{\trimvrule%
\vbox to \paperheight{\hbox to \paperwidth{\llap{\tlmark}\hss\hcropmark\hss\rlap{\trmark}}\vss%
\hbox to \paperwidth{\llap{\vcropmark\hskip\bleed\hskip9.5pt}\hss\rlap{\hskip9.5pt\hskip\bleed\vcropmark}}\vss%
\hbox to \paperwidth{\llap{\blmark}\hss\bhcropmark\hss\rlap{\brmark}}\moveleft\bleed\vbox to 0pt{\parskip=0pt\parindent=0pt\leftskip=0pt\rightskip=0pt\vskip-\bleed\botborder}}\hss\trimvrule}%
		\trimhrule}\vss}}%

\newdimen\margwidth\margwidth=0pt

\headheight=36pt
\headsep=36pt
\footskip=24pt

\setlength{\skip\footins}{24pt}%

\def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
     \let\@oddhead\@empty\def\@oddfoot{\reset@font\rmfamily\hfil{\sf\huge\thepage}
     \hfil}\let\@evenhead\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}

\def\ps@headings{%
      \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
      \def\@evenhead{\vbox{\parskip=0pt\parindent=0pt\leftskip=0pt\rightskip=0pt\hbox to \hsize{\sf\huge\hfill Manuscript Preparation in \LaTeX\hfill \thepage}\par\nointerlineskip\vskip3pt%
\hbox to \textwidth{\hrulefill}}}%
      \def\@oddhead{\vbox{\parskip=0pt\parindent=0pt\leftskip=0pt\rightskip=0pt\hbox to \hsize{\sf\huge\hfill Manuscript Preparation in \LaTeX\hfill\thepage}\par\nointerlineskip\vskip3pt%
\hbox to \hsize{\hrulefill}}}%
      \let\@mkboth\markboth
}

\def\symbols{\startonoddpage\global\titletrue
\markboth{Symbols}{Symbols}
\chapter*{Symbols}
\addcontentsline{toc}{schapter}{Symbols}
\everypar={}
\bgroup\leftskip=1pc \parindent=-1pc
\def\term##1{\vskip2pt${##1}$\hskip1em\relax}}
\def\endsymbols{\vskip12pt\egroup}

\pagestyle{headings}

\def\@outputpage{%
\ifborderrule\borderrule\else\nullborderrule\fi%
  \let \protect \noexpand%
  \shipout \vbox{%
    \set@typeset@protect%
    \aftergroup\set@typeset@protect%
    \@shipoutsetup%
    \@begindvi%
\iftrimmarks%
\imagemarks%
\fi%
\nointerlineskip%
    \vspace{\topmargin}%
\nointerlineskip%
    \moveright\@themargin \vbox {%
      \setbox\@tempboxa \vbox to\headheight{%
        \vfil%
        \color@hbox%
          \normalcolor%
          \hbox to\textwidth {%
            \let \label \@gobble%
            \let \index \@gobble%
            \let \glossary \@gobble%% 21 Jun 91
            \@thehead%
            }%
        \color@endbox%
        }%                        %% 22 Feb 87
      \dp\@tempboxa \z@%
\nointerlineskip%
      \box\@tempboxa%
\nointerlineskip%
      \vskip\headsep%
\ifpagebody%
\ifNoMajorMinor\else\ifMajorMinor\moveright\margwidth\else\ifOutsideMinor\relax\ifodd\count0\relax\else\moveright\margwidth\fi\else\fi\fi\fi\vbox{\hrule\hbox{\vrule\box\@outputbox\vrule}\hrule}%
\else%
\ifNoMajorMinor\else\ifMajorMinor\moveright\margwidth\else\ifOutsideMinor\relax\ifodd\count0\relax\else\moveright\margwidth\fi\else\fi\fi\fi\box\@outputbox%
\fi%
      \baselineskip \footskip%
      \color@hbox%
        \normalcolor%
        \hbox to\textwidth{%
          \let \label \@gobble%
          \let \index \@gobble%% 22 Feb 87
          \let \glossary \@gobble%% 21 Jun 91
          \@thefoot%
          }%
      \color@endbox%
      }%
    }%
  \global \@colht \textheight%
  \stepcounter{page}%
  \let\firstmark\botmark%
}%
\def \@shipoutsetup {%
     \@resetactivechars%
     \let\-\@dischyph%
     \let\'\@acci\let\`\@accii\let\=\@acciii%
     \if@specialpage%
       \global\@specialpagefalse\@nameuse{ps@\@specialstyle}%
     \fi%
     \if@twoside%
       \ifodd\count\z@ \let\@thehead\@oddhead \let\@thefoot\@oddfoot%
            \let\@themargin\oddsidemargin%
       \else \let\@thehead\@evenhead%
          \let\@thefoot\@evenfoot \let\@themargin\evensidemargin%
       \fi%
     \fi%
     \reset@font%
     \normalsize%
     \baselineskip\z@skip \lineskip\z@skip \lineskiplimit\z@%
     \let\par\@@par%% 15 Sep 87
}%

\newcount\pagecntcntr%

\def\shipout@PageObjects{%
\special{ps: \pdf@page@parameters}%
\StepUpCounter{\pagecntcntr}%
\ifnum\pagecntcntr=1\relax%
\ifthenelse{\equal{\@roman\c@page}{\thepage}}{%
\special{ps:SDict begin [ {Catalog} << /PageLabels<</Nums[0<</S/r /St \arabic{page}>>]>> >> /PUT pdfmark end}}{\special{ps:SDict begin [ {Catalog} << /PageLabels<</Nums[0<</S/D /St \arabic{page}>>]>> >> /PUT pdfmark end}}\fi}%%

\renewcommand\contentsname{Contents}

\renewcommand\tableofcontents{%
    \if@twocolumn
      \@restonecoltrue%\onecolumn
    \else
      \@restonecolfalse
    \fi
    \chapter*{\contentsname}\par%
   \thispagestyle{empty}
 \@starttoc{toc}%
    \if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
    }

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%END %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%


\newenvironment{LOBJ}[1]%
               {\begingroup\begin{boitecoloriee}%
	        \if!#1!\def\feafxdcatgry{}\else\def\feafxdcatgry{#1}\feafxdCatgrychk{#1}\fi%
		}%
                {\end{boitecoloriee}\endgroup}%


\newenvironment{supmat}%
               {\def\caption##1{##1\par}%
                \begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=0pt\small%
               }%
               {\endgroup}%

\def\ChLWref#1{#1}%


\long\gdef\abbrev#1{\begingroup%
\def\LWlabel##1{\label{##1}}%
\def\LWref##1{\ref{##1}}%
#1%
\endgroup}%

\long\def\para#1{#1}%

\setlength{\itemsep}{0in}%

%% Macros for Bibliography %%

\@ifpackageloaded{natbib}{%
\@namedef{thebibliography*}{\def\bibsection{}\thebibliography}
\@namedef{endthebibliography*}{\endthebibliography}
}
{
\@namedef{thebibliography*}{\def\refname{}\thebibliography}
\@namedef{endthebibliography*}{\endthebibliography}
}
%
\def\@bibtype{}
\def\bibtype#1{\gdef\@bibtype{#1}}
%
%\bibsep=0pt%
%\bibhang=0pt%
\def\bibfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{9bp}{10.5}\selectfont}%  17Dec2016
%
\DeclareTextFontCommand{\emph}{\itshape}%
%
\newif\ifbackmatter%
\renewcommand{\backmatter}{\global\backmattertrue}%

%\def\booktitle#1#2{\vbox to \vsize{\thispagestyle{empty}\vglue5pc\begin{center}\LARGE\bfseries#1\par\vskip3pc\Large\itshape#2\end{center}\vfill}\par\clearpage\thispagestyle{empty}}%

%
%% Macros for Author query %%
%

\newif\ifAQ%
\global\AQtrue%

\newcount\temQEcnt%
\temQEcnt=0\relax%

\def\StepUpCounter#1{\global\advance#1by 1\relax}%
\def\StepDownCounter#1{\global\advance#1by -1\relax}%

\def\aquery{\reset@font\fontsize{7}{0}\selectfont}%
\def\aqueryinText{\reset@font\fontsize{10}{0}\selectfont\bfseries}%

\newdimen\authhsize%
\authhsize=32mm% 
%%\advance\authhsize1.25in%

\newcount\QueryCnt%
\QueryCnt=0%

\def\befQuery{\leavevmode Q}%

\newdimen\aqadjdim%

\newcommand\newauthquery[2][]{\leftskip=5pc%%
\StepUpCounter{\QueryCnt}%
\vadjust{\aquery\smash{\lower\if!#1!0\p@\else#1\fi\hbox{\hspace*{-\aqadjdim}\llap{\vbox{\parindent=0\p@%
%%\check_authhsize_and_place_the_query_marker_outside_the_trim
\hsize=\authhsize%%
{\aqueryinText\befQuery \the\QueryCnt}}}\hfill}}}%
\StoreQueryNoandTxt{\the\QueryCnt}{#2}%
}%

\newcommand\spnewauthquery[2][]{\leftskip=0\p@%%
\StepUpCounter{\QueryCnt}%
\vbox{\aquery\smash{\lower\if!#1!0\p@\else#1\p@\fi%
\hbox{\hspace*{-2pc}\llap{\vbox{\parindent=0\p@%
\hsize=\authhsize%
{\aqueryinText\befQuery \the\QueryCnt}}}\hfill}}}%
\StoreQueryNoandTxt{\the\QueryCnt}{#2}%
}%

\gdef\StoreQueryNoandTxt#1#2{%
\edef\GetRoman{\romannumeral#1}%
\expandafter\gdef\csname\GetRoman QueryNoandTxt\endcsname{\hsize=\textwidth#2}}%

\newcommand\AQ[2][]{\begingroup%
%\global\AQtrue%
\ifAQ\newauthquery[#1]{#2}\fi%
\endgroup}%

%%Defined to get author query inside verbatim%%
\newcommand\spAQ[2][]{\begingroup%
%\global\AQtrue%
\ifAQ\spnewauthquery[#1]{#2}\fi%
\endgroup}%

\newcommand\AAQ[2][]{\begingroup%
%\global\AQtrue%
\ifAQ\newauthquery[#1]{#2}\fi%
\endgroup}%

\newcommand\rnewauthquery[2][]{%%
\StepUpCounter{\QueryCnt}%
\vadjust{\aquery\smash{\lower\if!#1!0pt\else#1pt\fi%
\hbox{\rlap{\hskip\hsize\hskip2pt\vbox{\parindent=0pt%
{\aqueryinText\befQuery \the\QueryCnt}}}}}}%
\StoreQueryNoandTxt{\the\QueryCnt}{#2}%
}%

\newcommand\rAQ[2][]{\begingroup%
%\global\AQtrue%
\ifAQ\rnewauthquery[#1]{#2}\fi%
\endgroup}%

\newcount\LASTPAGENO%

\newcount\TmpCnt%
\TmpCnt=1%

\def\Qheadfnt{\LARGE}%
\def\Qsubheadfnt{\Large}%

\def\qhead{\centerline{\Qheadfnt\bf AUTHOR QUERY}}%
\def\qsubhead{\vbox{\Qsubheadfnt\bf\noindent AUTHOR PLEASE ANSWER BELOW QUERIES}\par}%
\def\qendhead{\vbox{\Qsubheadfnt\bf\noindent END OF QUERY}\par}%

\def\minustocounter#1#2{%
  \@ifundefined{c@#1}%
    {\@nocounterr{#1}}%
    {\global\advance\csname c@#1\endcsname -#2\relax}}%

\def\stepdowncounter#1{%
  \minustocounter{#1}\@ne
  \begingroup
    \let\@elt\@stpelt
    \csname cl@#1\endcsname
  \endgroup}%

\def\refstepdowncounter#1{\stepdowncounter{#1}%
    \protected@edef\@currentlabel
       {\csname p@#1\endcsname\csname the#1\endcsname}%
}%

\long\def\PutQueries{\begingroup\parindent=0\p@\parskip=3\p@%
\hsize=\textwidth%\leftskip=-2.25in%
%%\let\LLIltmargindim\spLLIltmargindim%
\vfill\eject%\ifodd\count0\relax\else\blankpageoutput\fi%%included by suj
\removelastskip\vskip42pt\nointerlineskip%
\qhead\par%
\vspace*{25pt}%
\qsubhead\par%
\vspace*{17pt}%
\vbox{\noindent During the preparation of your manuscript, the question listed below arose. Kindly supply the necessary information.}\par%
\vspace*{16pt}%
\loop\ifnum \QueryCnt>0%
\@hangfrom{Q\the\TmpCnt\quad}\csname\romannumeral\TmpCnt QueryNoandTxt\endcsname\par%
\StepDownCounter{\QueryCnt}%
\StepUpCounter{\TmpCnt}%
\repeat%
\vspace*{24pt}%
\refstepdowncounter{page}%
\qendhead\par%
\endgroup%
\thispagestyle{empty}}%

\long\def\NoPutQueries{\begingroup\parindent=0\p@\parskip=3\p@%
\hsize=\textwidth%\leftskip=-2.25in%
%%\let\LLIltmargindim\spLLIltmargindim%
\vfill\eject%\ifodd\count0\relax\else\blankpageoutput\fi%%included by suj
\removelastskip\vskip42pt\nointerlineskip%
\qhead\par%
\removelastskip\vskip24pt\nointerlineskip%
No query.\par%
\endgroup%
\thispagestyle{empty}}%

%\def\Queries{\clearpage\thispagestyle{empty}\ifAQ\PutQueries\else\fi}%
%\def\Queries{\ifAQ\global\APutQuerytrue\PutQueries\else\global\APutQueryfalse%\lastpagedefn
%\fi}%

\AtEndDocument{\clearpage\thispagestyle{empty}%
%\ifAQ\PutQueries\fi
}%

\newcommand\authquery[2][]{\begingroup%
%\global\AQtrue%
\ifAQ\newauthquery[#1]{#2}\fi%
\endgroup}%

\newif\iftitle

\def\AuAff#1{\g@addto@macro\AuthandAffil{\def\\{\vskip-12pt\itshape}\vbox{#1}\par\vskip18pt}}%

\def\AuthandAffil{}

\def\booktitle#1{\def\thetitle{\uppercase{#1}}}
\def\subtitle#1{\def\thesubtitle{#1}}
\def\affil#1{\def\theaffil{\vbox{\huge\raggedright\itshape#1}\par\vskip18pt}}

%\let\authors\author
\def\editionstatement#1{\def\theeditionstatement{#1}}

\booktitle{}
\subtitle{}
\editionstatement{}


\def\halftitlepage{\thispagestyle{empty}
  \vspace*{2pc}%
  {\parindent \z@ 
    \interlinepenalty\@M
\LARGE
\hyphenpenalty10000
\bfseries 
%\def\\ {\vskip6pt}
\noindent\thetitle\vskip 1sp
}
\newpage
}


\def\titlepage{\ifodd\c@page\else\thispagestyle{empty}\null\newpage\fi
\thispagestyle{empty}
\vbox to\vsize{\vspace*{36pt}%
\hrule height3pt
\vskip2pc
\parindent \z@ 
\interlinepenalty\@M
\Huge
\hyphenpenalty10000
\bfseries%\titlefont 
\uppercase{\thetitle}\par
\ifx\subtitle\empty\else
\vbox{\vskip6pt\baselineskip22pt
\vrule height2pc width0pt\thesubtitle\vskip1sp}\fi
\vskip1pc
\hrule
\ifx\theeditionstatement\empty\else
\vskip36pt
\vbox{\editionfont \theeditionstatement}\fi
\vskip6.5pc
\vbox{\baselineskip=14pt\raggedright
\huge\bfseries\AuthandAffil\par}\par
\vfill

\noindent{{LOGO}}

%\vskip-8pt
%{A JOHN WILEY \& SONS, INC., PUBLICATION}
\vskip0pt}\newpage}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Index ===>>>

% latex default
%% Use \latexprintindex instead of \printindex to
%% get the default latex index.

%% Contents of makeidx.sty contained in \latexprintindex command.
%% This is because \printindex is defined in this package so
%% user doing \usepackage{makeidx} will get error message.

\providecommand*\seealso[2]{\emph{\alsoname} #1}
\providecommand*\alsoname{see also}

\newcommand\latexprintindex{\startonoddpage
\def\see##1##2{\emph{\seename} ##1}
\def\seename{see}
\@input@{\jobname.ind}}

\renewenvironment{theindex}
               {\def\indexname{Index}
\if@twocolumn
                  \@restonecolfalse
                \else
                  \@restonecoltrue
                \fi
                \columnseprule \z@
                \columnsep 35\p@
                \twocolumn[\@makeschapterhead{\indexname}]%
                \@mkboth{\uppercase{\indexname}}%
                        {\uppercase{\indexname}}%
 \addcontentsline{toc}{schapter}{Index}
\global\titletrue%\dooffprintinfo
\parindent\z@
    \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
    \let\item\@idxitem
\spaceskip=3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt\xspaceskip=\spaceskip
\footnotesize\baselineskip=10pt plus 1pt minus 1pt}
               {\pagestyle{plain}
\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else
\clearpage\fi}
\renewcommand{\@idxitem}  {\par\hangindent 40\p@}
\renewcommand{\subitem}   {\par\hangindent 40\p@ \hspace*{20\p@}}
\renewcommand{\subsubitem}{\par\hangindent 40\p@ \hspace*{30\p@}}
\renewcommand{\indexspace}{\par\vskip 10\p@ \@plus0\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}

%%% <<<=== end latex default Index

\newskip\iletterskip
\iletterskip=8pt plus .1pt minus 2pt
\def\iletter#1{\goodbreak\vskip\iletterskip{\sectionfont\uppercase{#1}\vrule depth 8pt width0pt}\nobreak}

%%%%%%% Index Formatting

\makeatother%