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USconstitutionVK.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-model href="http://www.tei-c.org/release/xml/tei/custom/schema/relaxng/tei_all.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>The Constitution of the United States: Preamble and Article I.</title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<p>The United States National Archives</p>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<p>https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcript</p>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<div>
<div type="preamble">
<p><persName>We the<name type = 'group'> People </name>of the United States</persName>, <term>in Order to form a more perfect Union</term>,
establish <term>Justice</term>, insure <term>domestic Tranquility</term>, provide for the common defence,
promote the<term> general Welfare</term>, and secure the <term>Blessings of Liberty</term> to ourselves and
our <term>Posterity</term>, <note>do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of
America</note>. </p>
</div>
<div type="article" n="1">
<head> Article. I.</head>
<div type="section" n="1">
<head>Section. 1.</head>
<p>All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a <name type = 'organization'>Congress of the
United States</name>, which shall consist of a <orgName><orgName> Senate </orgName></orgName> and <orgName>House of
Representatives</orgName>.</p>
</div>
<div type="section" n="2">
<head>Section. 2.</head>
<p>The <orgName> House of Representatives </orgName> shall be composed of<persName> Members </persName>chosen every second
Year by the<name type = 'group'> People </name>of the several States, and the <name type = 'group'> Electors </name> in each State shall
have the Qualifications requisite for <name type = 'group'> Electors </name> of the most numerous Branch of
the State Legislature. </p>
<p>No Person shall be a <title>Representative</title> who shall not have attained to the Age of
twenty five Years, and been seven Years a <title>Citizen of the United States</title>, and who
shall not, when elected, be an <title>Inhabitant of that State</title> in which he shall be
chosen. </p>
<p><title>Representatives</title> and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States
which may be included within this <orgName>Union</orgName>, according to their respective Numbers,
which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons,
including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding <name type = 'group'>Indians</name> not
taxed, three fifths of all other Persons. The actual Enumeration shall be made
within three Years after the first Meeting of the <name type = 'organization'>Congress of the United
States</name>, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they
shall by <label type = 'document' > Law </label> direct. The Number of <title>Representatives</title> shall not exceed one for
every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one <title>Representative</title>;
and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of <placeName>New Hampshire</placeName> shall be
entitled to chuse three, <placeName>Massachusetts</placeName> eight,<placeName> Rhode-Island</placeName> and <placeName>Providence</placeName>
<placeName>Plantations</placeName> one, <placeName>Connecticut</placeName> five, <placeName>New-York</placeName> six, <placeName>New Jersey</placeName> four, <placeName>Pennsylvania</placeName>
eight,<placeName> Delaware</placeName> one, <placeName>Maryland</placeName> six, <placeName>Virginia</placeName> ten,<placeName> North Carolina</placeName> five,<placeName> South
Carolina</placeName> five, and <placeName>Georgia</placeName> three. </p>
<p>When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the <orgName>Executive
Authority</orgName> thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies. </p>
<p>The <orgName> House of Representatives </orgName> shall chuse their <title>Speaker</title> and other <title>Officers</title>; and
shall have the sole <roleName>Power of Impeachment</roleName>.</p>
</div>
<div type="section" n="3">
<head>Section. 3.</head>
<p>The <orgName> Senate </orgName> of the <placeName>United States</placeName> shall be composed of two <title>Senators</title> from each
State, chosen by the <orgName>Legislature</orgName> thereof, for six Years; and each <title>Senator </title>shall
have one Vote. </p>
<p>Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election,
they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the
<title>Senators</title> of the <orgName>first Class</orgName> shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second
Year, of the <orgName>second Class</orgName> at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the
<orgName>third Class</orgName> at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be
chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise,
during the Recess of the <orgName>Legislature</orgName> of any State, the Executive thereof may
make temporary Appointments until the next Meeting of the <orgName>Legislature</orgName>, which
shall then fill such Vacancies. </p>
<p>No Person shall be a <title>Senator</title> who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty
Years, and been nine Years a <title>Citizen of the United States</title>, and who shall not,
when elected, be an <title>Inhabitant of that State</title> for which he shall be chosen. </p>
<p>The<title> Vice President of the United States</title> shall be <title>President </title>of the <orgName> Senate </orgName>, but
shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided. </p>
<p>The <orgName> Senate </orgName> shall chuse their other <title>Officers,</title> and also a <title>President</title> pro tempore,
in the Absence of the <title>Vice President</title>, or when he shall exercise the <title>Office of
President of the United States</title>. </p>
<p>The <orgName> Senate </orgName> shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for
that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the <title>President of the
United States </title>is tried, the<title> Chief Justice</title> shall preside: And no Person shall be
convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the<persName> Members </persName>present. </p>
<p>Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from
Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or
Profit under the United States: but the <orgName>Party</orgName> convicted shall nevertheless be
liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to
<label type = 'document' > Law </label>. </p>
</div>
<div type="section" n="4">
<head>Section. 4.</head>
<p>The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for<title> Senators </title>and
<title>Representatives</title>, shall be prescribed in each State by the <orgName>Legislature</orgName> thereof;
but the <orgName>Congress</orgName> may at any time by <label type = 'document' > Law </label> make or alter such Regulations, except
as to the Places of chusing <title>Senators</title>. </p>
<p>The <orgName>Congress</orgName> shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall
be on the first<label type = 'date'> Monday in December</label>, unless they shall by <label type = 'document' > Law </label> appoint a
different Day. </p>
</div>
<div type="section" n="5">
<head>Section. 5.</head>
<p>Each <orgName>House</orgName> shall be the <title>Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications </title>of
its own <orgName>Members</orgName>, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do
Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be
authorized to compel the Attendance of absent <orgName>Members</orgName>, in such Manner, and
under such Penalties as each <orgName>House</orgName> may provide. </p>
<p>Each <orgName>House</orgName> may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its<persName> Members </persName>for
disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a <title>Member</title>. </p>
<p>Each <orgName>House</orgName> shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time
publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require
Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the<persName> Members </persName>of either <orgName>House</orgName> on any question
shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal. </p>
<p>Neither <orgName>House</orgName>, during the Session of <orgName>Congress</orgName>, shall, without the Consent of
the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that
in which the two <orgName>House</orgName>s shall be sitting. </p>
</div>
<div type="section" n="6">
<head>Section. 6.</head>
<p>The <title>Senators</title> and<title> Representatives</title> shall receive a Compensation for their
Services, to be ascertained by <label type = 'document' > Law </label>, and paid out of the <orgName>Treasury of the United
States</orgName>. They shall in all Cases,except <label type = 'list'> Treason, Felony and Breach </label>of the
Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of
their respective <orgName>Houses</orgName>, and in going to and returning from the same; and for
any Speech or Debate in either <orgName>House</orgName>, they shall not be questioned in any other
Place. </p>
<p>No <title>Senator</title> or<title> Representative</title> shall, during the Time for which <persPronouns>he</persPronouns> was elected,
be appointed to any civil Office under the <label>Authority of the United States</label>,
which shall have been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been
encreased during such time; and no Person holding any <title>Office</title> under the <placeName>United
States</placeName>, shall be a <title>Member</title> of either<title> House </title>during his <label type = 'position' >Continuance in Office</label>.
</p>
</div>
<div type="section" n="7">
<head>Section. 7.</head>
<p>All <label type = 'document' > Bill </label>s for raising Revenue shall originate in the <orgName> House of Representatives </orgName>;
but the <orgName> Senate </orgName> may propose or concur with Amendments as on other <label type = 'document' > Bill </label>s. </p>
<p>Every <label type = 'document' > Bill </label> which shall have passed the <orgName> House of Representatives </orgName> and the <orgName> Senate </orgName>,
shall, before it become a <label type = 'document' > Law </label>, be presented to the<title> President of the United
States</title>; If <persPronouns>he</persPronouns> approve he shall sign it, but if not <persPronouns>he</persPronouns> shall return it, with <persPronouns>his</persPronouns>
Objections to that <orgName>House</orgName> in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the
Objections at large on <persPronouns>their</persPronouns> Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after
such Reconsideration two thirds of that <orgName>House</orgName> shall agree to pass the <label type = 'document' > Bill </label>, it
shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other <orgName>House</orgName>, by which it
shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that <orgName>House</orgName>, it
shall become a <label type = 'document' > Law </label>. But in all such Cases the Votes of both <orgName>Houses</orgName> shall be
determined by yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and
against the <label type = 'document' > Bill </label> shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If
any <label type = 'document' > Bill </label> shall not be returned by the <title>President</title> within ten Days (Sundays
excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a <label type = 'document' > Law </label>,
in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the <orgName>Congress</orgName> by their Adjournment
prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a <label type = 'document' > Law </label>. </p>
<p>Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the <orgName> Senate </orgName> and
<orgName> House of Representatives </orgName> may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment)
shall be presented to the <title>President of the United States</title>; and before the Same
shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall
be repassed by two thirds of the <orgName> Senate </orgName> and <orgName> House of Representatives </orgName>, according
to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a <label type = 'document' > Bill </label>. </p>
</div>
<div type="section" n="8">
<head>Section. 8.</head>
<p>The <orgName>Congress</orgName> shall have Power To lay and collect <label type = 'list'>Taxes, Duties, Imposts and
Excises</label>, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general
Welfare of the <placeName>United States</placeName>; but all <label type = 'list'>Duties, Imposts and Excises</label> shall be
uniform throughout the <placeName>United States</placeName>; </p>
<list>
<item>To borrow Money on the credit of the <placeName>United States</placeName>;</item>
<item>To regulate Commerce with foreign<orgName> Nations</orgName>, and among the several States,
and with the <orgName type = 'group'>Indian</orgName> Tribes;</item>
<item>To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform <label type = 'document' > Law </label>s on the
subject of Bankruptcies throughout the <placeName>United States</placeName>;</item>
<item>To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix
the Standard of Weights and Measures;</item>
<item>To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and
current Coin of the <placeName>United States</placeName>;</item>
<item>To establish <orgName>Post Offices </orgName>and post Roads;</item>
<item>To promote the Progress of <label>Science</label> and useful <label>Arts</label>, by securing for
limited Times to<title> Authors</title> and <title>Inventors</title> the exclusive Right to their
respective Writings and Discoveries;</item>
<item>To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court;</item>
<item>To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas,
and Offences against the <label type = 'document' > Law </label> of Nations;</item>
<item>To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules
concerning Captures on Land and Water;</item>
<item>To raise and support <orgName>Armies</orgName>, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use
shall be for a longer Term than two Years;</item>
<item>To provide and maintain a <orgName>Navy</orgName>;</item>
<item>To make Rules for the <orgName>Government</orgName> and Regulation of the land and naval
Forces;</item>
<item>To provide for calling forth the<orgName> Militia </orgName>to execute the <label type = 'document' > Law </label>s of the
<orgName>Union</orgName>, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;</item>
<item>To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the<orgName> Militia</orgName>, and for
governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the <placeName>United
States</placeName>, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the
Officers, and the Authority of training the <orgName>Militia</orgName> according to the
discipline prescribed by <orgName>Congress</orgName>; </item>
<item>To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such
District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular
States, and the Acceptance of<orgName> Congress,</orgName> become the Seat of the <orgName>Government</orgName> of
the <placeName>United States</placeName>, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased
by the Consent of the <orgName>Legislature of the State </orgName>in which the Same shall be,
for the<label> Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other
needful Buildings</label>;—And </item>
<item>To make all <label type = 'document' > Law </label>s which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into
Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this
<label type = 'document'> Constitution</label> in the <orgName>Government of the United States</orgName>, or in any D<orgName>epartment or
Officer</orgName> thereof. </item>
</list>
</div>
<div type="section" n="9">
<head>Section. 9.</head>
<p>The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing
shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the <orgName>Congress</orgName> prior to
the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be imposed
on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person. </p>
<list>
<item><title>The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus </title>shall not be suspended, unless
when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require
it.</item>
<item>No <label type = 'document' > Bill </label> of Attainder or ex post facto <label type = 'document' > Law </label> shall be passed.</item>
<item>No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion
to the Census or enumeration herein before directed to be taken.</item>
<item>No <label>Tax</label> or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State.</item>
<item>No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to
the Ports of one State over those of another: nor shall Vessels bound to, or
from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another. </item>
<item>No Money shall be drawn from the <orgName>Treasury</orgName>, but in Consequence of
Appropriations made by <label type = 'document' > Law </label>; and a regular Statement and Account of the
Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time
to time. </item>
<item>No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the <placeName>United States</placeName>: And no Person
holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent
of the <orgName>Congress</orgName>, accept of any present, <label type = 'list'>Emolument, Office, or Title</label>, of any
kind whatever, from any <title>King</title>, <title>Prince</title>, or foreign State. </item>
</list>
</div>
<div type="section" n="10">
<head>Section. 10.</head>
<list>
<item>No State shall enter into any <label type = 'list'>Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation</label>; grant
<title>Letters of Marque</title> and Reprisal; coin Money; emit <label type = 'document' > Bill </label>s of Credit; make any
Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any <label type = 'document' > Bill </label>
of Attainder, ex post facto <label type = 'document' > Law </label>, or <label type = 'document' > Law </label> impairing the Obligation of
Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility. </item>
<item>No State shall, without the Consent of the <orgName>Congress</orgName>, lay any Imposts or
Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for
executing it's inspection <label type = 'document' > Law </label>s: and the net Produce of all Duties and
Imposts, laid by any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of
the <orgName>Treasury of the United States</orgName>; and all such <label type = 'document' > Law </label>s shall be subject to the
Revision and Controul of the Congress. </item>
<item>No State shall, without the Consent of <orgName>Congress,</orgName> lay any Duty of Tonnage,
keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or
Compact with another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War,
unless actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of
delay. </item>
</list>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>