diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile
index 8c47724a4b..53717933ae 100644
--- a/Dockerfile
+++ b/Dockerfile
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ FROM wasm-base AS wasm-libs-builder
 	# clang / lld used by soft-float wasm
 RUN apt-get update && \
     apt-get install -y clang=1:14.0-55.7~deb12u1 lld=1:14.0-55.7~deb12u1 wabt
-    # pinned rust 1.80.1
-RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y --default-toolchain 1.80.1 --target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu wasm32-unknown-unknown wasm32-wasi
+    # pinned rust 1.81.0
+RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y --default-toolchain 1.81.0 --target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu wasm32-unknown-unknown wasm32-wasi
 COPY ./Makefile ./
 COPY arbitrator/Cargo.* arbitrator/
 COPY arbitrator/arbutil arbitrator/arbutil
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ COPY ./arbcompress ./arbcompress
 COPY ./arbos ./arbos
 COPY ./arbstate ./arbstate
 COPY ./espressocrypto ./espressocrypto
+COPY ./espressocryptowasm/ ./espressocryptowasm/
 COPY ./arbutil ./arbutil
 COPY ./gethhook ./gethhook
 COPY ./blsSignatures ./blsSignatures
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ COPY --from=contracts-builder workspace/contracts/node_modules/@offchainlabs/upg
 COPY --from=contracts-builder workspace/.make/ .make/
 RUN PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin" NITRO_BUILD_IGNORE_TIMESTAMPS=1 make build-wasm-bin
 
-FROM rust:1.80.1-slim-bookworm AS prover-header-builder
+FROM rust:1.81.0-slim-bookworm AS prover-header-builder
 WORKDIR /workspace
 RUN export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive && \
     apt-get update && \
@@ -114,16 +115,18 @@ COPY arbitrator/jit arbitrator/jit
 COPY arbitrator/espresso-crypto-helper arbitrator/espresso-crypto-helper
 COPY arbitrator/stylus arbitrator/stylus
 COPY arbitrator/tools/wasmer arbitrator/tools/wasmer
+COPY espressocrypto espressocrypto
 COPY --from=brotli-wasm-export / target/
 COPY scripts/build-brotli.sh scripts/
 COPY brotli brotli
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y cmake
 RUN NITRO_BUILD_IGNORE_TIMESTAMPS=1 make build-prover-header
+RUN NITRO_BUILD_IGNORE_TIMESTAMPS=1 make build-espresso-crypto-lib
 
 FROM scratch AS prover-header-export
 COPY --from=prover-header-builder /workspace/target/ /
 
-FROM rust:1.80.1-slim-bookworm AS prover-builder
+FROM rust:1.81.0-slim-bookworm AS prover-builder
 WORKDIR /workspace
 RUN export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive && \
     apt-get update && \
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index fe517a2e9b..65f62af230 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ precompiles = $(patsubst %,./solgen/generated/%.go, $(precompile_names))
 output_root=target
 output_latest=$(output_root)/machines/latest
 
-repo_dirs = arbos arbcompress arbnode arbutil arbstate cmd das precompiles solgen system_tests util validator wavmio
+repo_dirs = arbos arbcompress arbnode arbutil arbstate cmd das espressocrypto precompiles solgen system_tests util validator wavmio
 go_source.go = $(wildcard $(patsubst %,%/*.go, $(repo_dirs)) $(patsubst %,%/*/*.go, $(repo_dirs)))
 go_source.s  = $(wildcard $(patsubst %,%/*.s, $(repo_dirs)) $(patsubst %,%/*/*.s, $(repo_dirs)))
 go_source = $(go_source.go) $(go_source.s)
@@ -153,7 +153,18 @@ stylus_test_read-return-data_src  = $(call get_stylus_test_rust,read-return-data
 stylus_test_wasms = $(stylus_test_keccak_wasm) $(stylus_test_keccak-100_wasm) $(stylus_test_fallible_wasm) $(stylus_test_storage_wasm) $(stylus_test_multicall_wasm) $(stylus_test_log_wasm) $(stylus_test_create_wasm) $(stylus_test_math_wasm) $(stylus_test_sdk-storage_wasm) $(stylus_test_erc20_wasm) $(stylus_test_read-return-data_wasm) $(stylus_test_evm-data_wasm) $(stylus_test_bfs:.b=.wasm)
 stylus_benchmarks = $(wildcard $(stylus_dir)/*.toml $(stylus_dir)/src/*.rs) $(stylus_test_wasms)
 
+espresso_crypto_dir = ./espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper
+espresso_crypto_files = $(wildcard $(espresso_crypto_dir)/*.toml $(espresso_crypto_dir)/src/*.rs)
+espresso_crypto_lib = $(output_root)/lib/libespresso_crypto_helper.a
+
 # user targets
+.PHONY: build-espresso-crypto-lib
+build-espresso-crypto-lib: $(espresso_crypto_lib)
+
+$(espresso_crypto_lib): $(DEP_PREDICATE) $(espresso_crypto_files)
+	mkdir -p `dirname $(espresso_crypto_lib)`
+	cargo build --release --manifest-path $(espresso_crypto_dir)/Cargo.toml
+	install $(espresso_crypto_dir)/target/release/libespresso_crypto_helper.a $@
 
 .PHONY: push
 push: lint test-go .make/fmt
@@ -169,7 +180,7 @@ build: $(patsubst %,$(output_root)/bin/%, nitro deploy relay daserver datool seq
 	@printf $(done)
 
 .PHONY: build-node-deps
-build-node-deps: $(go_source) build-prover-header build-prover-lib build-jit .make/solgen .make/cbrotli-lib
+build-node-deps: $(go_source) build-prover-header build-prover-lib build-jit .make/solgen .make/cbrotli-lib build-espresso-crypto-lib
 
 .PHONY: test-go-deps
 test-go-deps: \
@@ -286,7 +297,9 @@ clean:
 	@rm -rf contracts/build contracts/cache solgen/go/
 	@rm -f .make/*
 	rm -rf brotli/buildfiles
-	# Ensure lib64 is a symlink to lib
+	cargo clean --manifest-path $(espresso_crypto_dir)/Cargo.toml
+
+# Ensure lib64 is a symlink to lib
 	mkdir -p $(output_root)/lib
 	ln -s lib $(output_root)/lib64
 
diff --git a/arbitrator/jit/Cargo.toml b/arbitrator/jit/Cargo.toml
index 4c71a6f3e1..a157fd832c 100644
--- a/arbitrator/jit/Cargo.toml
+++ b/arbitrator/jit/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ edition = "2021"
 
 [dependencies]
 arbutil = { path = "../arbutil/" }
-espresso-crypto-helper = { path = "../espresso-crypto-helper/" }
+espresso-crypto-helper = { path = "../espresso-crypto-helper/"}
 brotli = { path = "../brotli/", features = ["wasmer_traits"] }
 caller-env = { path = "../caller-env/", features = ["wasmer_traits"] }
 prover = { path = "../prover/", default-features = false, features = ["native"] }
diff --git a/arbnode/batch_poster.go b/arbnode/batch_poster.go
index d0ee53a517..1cf7bc6edc 100644
--- a/arbnode/batch_poster.go
+++ b/arbnode/batch_poster.go
@@ -593,6 +593,7 @@ func (b *BatchPoster) addEspressoBlockMerkleProof(
 		}
 		var newMsg arbostypes.L1IncomingMessage
 		jst.BlockMerkleJustification = &arbostypes.BlockMerkleJustification{BlockMerkleProof: &proof, BlockMerkleComm: nextHeader.BlockMerkleTreeRoot}
+
 		if arbos.IsEspressoSovereignMsg(msg.Message) {
 			// Passing an empty byte slice as payloadSignature because txs[0] already contains the payloadSignature here
 			newMsg, err = arbos.MessageFromEspressoSovereignTx(txs[0], jst, []byte{}, msg.Message.Header)
diff --git a/cmd/replay/main.go b/cmd/replay/main.go
index fcf7005079..4e95183e71 100644
--- a/cmd/replay/main.go
+++ b/cmd/replay/main.go
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/offchainlabs/nitro/arbutil"
 	"github.com/offchainlabs/nitro/cmd/chaininfo"
 	"github.com/offchainlabs/nitro/das/dastree"
-	"github.com/offchainlabs/nitro/espressocrypto"
+	"github.com/offchainlabs/nitro/espressocryptowasm"
 	"github.com/offchainlabs/nitro/gethhook"
 	"github.com/offchainlabs/nitro/wavmio"
 )
@@ -322,14 +322,14 @@ func main() {
 			if err != nil {
 				panic("unable to serialize header")
 			}
-			espressocrypto.VerifyMerkleProof(
+			espressocryptowasm.VerifyMerkleProof(
 				jst.BlockMerkleJustification.BlockMerkleProof.Proof,
 				jsonHeader,
 				*jst.BlockMerkleJustification.BlockMerkleComm,
 				commitment,
 			)
 			if jst.Proof != nil {
-				espressocrypto.VerifyNamespace(chainConfig.ChainID.Uint64(), *jst.Proof, *jst.Header.PayloadCommitment, *jst.Header.NsTable, txs, *jst.VidCommon)
+				espressocryptowasm.VerifyNamespace(chainConfig.ChainID.Uint64(), *jst.Proof, *jst.Header.PayloadCommitment, *jst.Header.NsTable, txs, *jst.VidCommon)
 			}
 
 		}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/espressocrypto_common.go b/espressocrypto/espressocrypto_common.go
index c4495d5e46..b5f700cdfa 100644
--- a/espressocrypto/espressocrypto_common.go
+++ b/espressocrypto/espressocrypto_common.go
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ func VerifyNamespace(
 	ns_table espressoTypes.NsTable,
 	txs []espressoTypes.Bytes,
 	common_data json.RawMessage,
-) {
+) bool {
 	// TODO: this code will likely no longer be used in the STF soon.
 	// G115: integer overflow conversion uint64 -> uint32 (gosec)
 	// #nosec G115
 	var txnComm = hashTxns(uint32(namespace), txs)
-	verifyNamespace(
+	res := verifyNamespace(
 		namespace,
 		proof,
 		[]byte(block_comm.String()),
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ func VerifyNamespace(
 		[]byte(txnComm),
 		common_data,
 	)
+	return res
 }
 
 func VerifyMerkleProof(
@@ -52,6 +53,6 @@ func VerifyMerkleProof(
 	header json.RawMessage,
 	blockComm espressoTypes.TaggedBase64,
 	circuit_comm_bytes espressoTypes.Commitment,
-) {
-	verifyMerkleProof(proof, header, []byte(blockComm.String()), circuit_comm_bytes[:])
+) bool {
+	return verifyMerkleProof(proof, header, []byte(blockComm.String()), circuit_comm_bytes[:])
 }
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/Cargo.lock b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/Cargo.lock
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..078584aa95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/Cargo.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,2836 @@
+# This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
+# It is not intended for manual editing.
+version = 3
+
+[[package]]
+name = "adler2"
+version = "2.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "512761e0bb2578dd7380c6baaa0f4ce03e84f95e960231d1dec8bf4d7d6e2627"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ahash"
+version = "0.8.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e89da841a80418a9b391ebaea17f5c112ffaaa96f621d2c285b5174da76b9011"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "once_cell",
+ "version_check",
+ "zerocopy",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "aho-corasick"
+version = "1.1.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8e60d3430d3a69478ad0993f19238d2df97c507009a52b3c10addcd7f6bcb916"
+dependencies = [
+ "memchr",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "allocator-api2"
+version = "0.2.18"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5c6cb57a04249c6480766f7f7cef5467412af1490f8d1e243141daddada3264f"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "anyhow"
+version = "1.0.92"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "74f37166d7d48a0284b99dd824694c26119c700b53bf0d1540cdb147dbdaaf13"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "arbitrary"
+version = "1.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "775a8770d29db3dadcb858482cc240af7b2ffde4ac4de67d1d4955728103f0e2"
+dependencies = [
+ "derive_arbitrary",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-bls12-377"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fb00293ba84f51ce3bd026bd0de55899c4e68f0a39a5728cebae3a73ffdc0a4f"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-std",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-bls12-381"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c775f0d12169cba7aae4caeb547bb6a50781c7449a8aa53793827c9ec4abf488"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-bn254"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a22f4561524cd949590d78d7d4c5df8f592430d221f7f3c9497bbafd8972120f"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-std",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-bw6-761"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2e0605daf0cc5aa2034b78d008aaf159f56901d92a52ee4f6ecdfdac4f426700"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-bls12-377",
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-std",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-crypto-primitives"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1f3a13b34da09176a8baba701233fdffbaa7c1b1192ce031a3da4e55ce1f1a56"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-relations",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-snark",
+ "ark-std",
+ "blake2",
+ "derivative",
+ "digest",
+ "sha2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-ec"
+version = "0.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "defd9a439d56ac24968cca0571f598a61bc8c55f71d50a89cda591cb750670ba"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-poly",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "derivative",
+ "hashbrown 0.13.2",
+ "itertools 0.10.5",
+ "num-traits",
+ "rayon",
+ "zeroize",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-ed-on-bls12-377"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b10d901b9ac4b38f9c32beacedfadcdd64e46f8d7f8e88c1ae1060022cf6f6c6"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-bls12-377",
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-std",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-ed-on-bls12-381"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ba6d678bb98a7e4f825bd4e332e93ac4f5a114ce2e3340dee4d7dc1c7ab5b323"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-bls12-381",
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-std",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-ed-on-bn254"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "71892f265d01650e34988a546b37ea1d2ba1da162a639597a03d1550f26004d8"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-bn254",
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-std",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-ff"
+version = "0.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ec847af850f44ad29048935519032c33da8aa03340876d351dfab5660d2966ba"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ff-asm",
+ "ark-ff-macros",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "derivative",
+ "digest",
+ "itertools 0.10.5",
+ "num-bigint",
+ "num-traits",
+ "paste",
+ "rayon",
+ "rustc_version",
+ "zeroize",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-ff-asm"
+version = "0.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3ed4aa4fe255d0bc6d79373f7e31d2ea147bcf486cba1be5ba7ea85abdb92348"
+dependencies = [
+ "quote",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-ff-macros"
+version = "0.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7abe79b0e4288889c4574159ab790824d0033b9fdcb2a112a3182fac2e514565"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-bigint",
+ "num-traits",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-poly"
+version = "0.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d320bfc44ee185d899ccbadfa8bc31aab923ce1558716e1997a1e74057fe86bf"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "derivative",
+ "hashbrown 0.13.2",
+ "rayon",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-poly-commit"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5a741492629ffcd228337676dc223a28551aa6792eedb8a2a22c767f00df6c89"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-crypto-primitives",
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-poly",
+ "ark-relations",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "derivative",
+ "digest",
+ "rayon",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-relations"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "00796b6efc05a3f48225e59cb6a2cda78881e7c390872d5786aaf112f31fb4f0"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-std",
+ "tracing",
+ "tracing-subscriber 0.2.25",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-serialize"
+version = "0.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "adb7b85a02b83d2f22f89bd5cac66c9c89474240cb6207cb1efc16d098e822a5"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-serialize-derive",
+ "ark-std",
+ "digest",
+ "num-bigint",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-serialize-derive"
+version = "0.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ae3281bc6d0fd7e549af32b52511e1302185bd688fd3359fa36423346ff682ea"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-snark"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "84d3cc6833a335bb8a600241889ead68ee89a3cf8448081fb7694c0fe503da63"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-relations",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-srs"
+version = "0.3.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7f6e9a7036d369a637b2b9f871bc06cefe52a947c98e898dbafab26548f8aa22"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "ark-bn254",
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-poly-commit",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "directories",
+ "hex-literal",
+ "rand",
+ "sha2",
+ "tracing",
+ "tracing-subscriber 0.3.18",
+ "ureq",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-std"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "94893f1e0c6eeab764ade8dc4c0db24caf4fe7cbbaafc0eba0a9030f447b5185"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-traits",
+ "rand",
+ "rayon",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "arrayvec"
+version = "0.7.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7c02d123df017efcdfbd739ef81735b36c5ba83ec3c59c80a9d7ecc718f92e50"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "auto_impl"
+version = "1.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3c87f3f15e7794432337fc718554eaa4dc8f04c9677a950ffe366f20a162ae42"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "autocfg"
+version = "1.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ace50bade8e6234aa140d9a2f552bbee1db4d353f69b8217bc503490fc1a9f26"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "base16ct"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4c7f02d4ea65f2c1853089ffd8d2787bdbc63de2f0d29dedbcf8ccdfa0ccd4cf"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "base64"
+version = "0.22.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "72b3254f16251a8381aa12e40e3c4d2f0199f8c6508fbecb9d91f575e0fbb8c6"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "base64-bytes"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7ce54e4e485fa0eed9c3aa5348162be09168f75bb5be7bc6587bcf2a65ee1386"
+dependencies = [
+ "base64",
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "base64ct"
+version = "1.6.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8c3c1a368f70d6cf7302d78f8f7093da241fb8e8807c05cc9e51a125895a6d5b"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "bitflags"
+version = "2.6.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b048fb63fd8b5923fc5aa7b340d8e156aec7ec02f0c78fa8a6ddc2613f6f71de"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "bitvec"
+version = "1.0.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1bc2832c24239b0141d5674bb9174f9d68a8b5b3f2753311927c172ca46f7e9c"
+dependencies = [
+ "funty",
+ "radium",
+ "tap",
+ "wyz",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "blake2"
+version = "0.10.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "46502ad458c9a52b69d4d4d32775c788b7a1b85e8bc9d482d92250fc0e3f8efe"
+dependencies = [
+ "digest",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "block-buffer"
+version = "0.10.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3078c7629b62d3f0439517fa394996acacc5cbc91c5a20d8c658e77abd503a71"
+dependencies = [
+ "generic-array",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "bumpalo"
+version = "3.16.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "79296716171880943b8470b5f8d03aa55eb2e645a4874bdbb28adb49162e012c"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "byte-slice-cast"
+version = "1.2.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c3ac9f8b63eca6fd385229b3675f6cc0dc5c8a5c8a54a59d4f52ffd670d87b0c"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "byteorder"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1fd0f2584146f6f2ef48085050886acf353beff7305ebd1ae69500e27c67f64b"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "bytes"
+version = "1.8.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9ac0150caa2ae65ca5bd83f25c7de183dea78d4d366469f148435e2acfbad0da"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "bytesize"
+version = "1.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a3e368af43e418a04d52505cf3dbc23dda4e3407ae2fa99fd0e4f308ce546acc"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "cc"
+version = "1.1.34"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "67b9470d453346108f93a59222a9a1a5724db32d0a4727b7ab7ace4b4d822dc9"
+dependencies = [
+ "shlex",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "cfg-if"
+version = "1.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "baf1de4339761588bc0619e3cbc0120ee582ebb74b53b4efbf79117bd2da40fd"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "chrono"
+version = "0.4.38"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a21f936df1771bf62b77f047b726c4625ff2e8aa607c01ec06e5a05bd8463401"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-traits",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "committable"
+version = "0.2.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "05a8809c2761232ce27226ef1ca1bc78b480b558406895848f76ab8fce04076c"
+dependencies = [
+ "arbitrary",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "bitvec",
+ "derivative",
+ "derive_more 0.99.18",
+ "funty",
+ "hex",
+ "serde",
+ "sha3",
+ "tagged-base64",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "const-hex"
+version = "1.13.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0121754e84117e65f9d90648ee6aa4882a6e63110307ab73967a4c5e7e69e586"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "cpufeatures",
+ "hex",
+ "proptest",
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "const-oid"
+version = "0.9.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c2459377285ad874054d797f3ccebf984978aa39129f6eafde5cdc8315b612f8"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "convert_case"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6245d59a3e82a7fc217c5828a6692dbc6dfb63a0c8c90495621f7b9d79704a0e"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "cpufeatures"
+version = "0.2.14"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "608697df725056feaccfa42cffdaeeec3fccc4ffc38358ecd19b243e716a78e0"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "crc-any"
+version = "2.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a62ec9ff5f7965e4d7280bd5482acd20aadb50d632cf6c1d74493856b011fa73"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "crc32fast"
+version = "1.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a97769d94ddab943e4510d138150169a2758b5ef3eb191a9ee688de3e23ef7b3"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "crossbeam-deque"
+version = "0.8.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "613f8cc01fe9cf1a3eb3d7f488fd2fa8388403e97039e2f73692932e291a770d"
+dependencies = [
+ "crossbeam-epoch",
+ "crossbeam-utils",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "crossbeam-epoch"
+version = "0.9.18"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5b82ac4a3c2ca9c3460964f020e1402edd5753411d7737aa39c3714ad1b5420e"
+dependencies = [
+ "crossbeam-utils",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "crossbeam-utils"
+version = "0.8.20"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "22ec99545bb0ed0ea7bb9b8e1e9122ea386ff8a48c0922e43f36d45ab09e0e80"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "crunchy"
+version = "0.2.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7a81dae078cea95a014a339291cec439d2f232ebe854a9d672b796c6afafa9b7"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "crypto-bigint"
+version = "0.5.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0dc92fb57ca44df6db8059111ab3af99a63d5d0f8375d9972e319a379c6bab76"
+dependencies = [
+ "generic-array",
+ "rand_core",
+ "subtle",
+ "zeroize",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "crypto-common"
+version = "0.1.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1bfb12502f3fc46cca1bb51ac28df9d618d813cdc3d2f25b9fe775a34af26bb3"
+dependencies = [
+ "generic-array",
+ "typenum",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "der"
+version = "0.7.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f55bf8e7b65898637379c1b74eb1551107c8294ed26d855ceb9fd1a09cfc9bc0"
+dependencies = [
+ "const-oid",
+ "zeroize",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "derivative"
+version = "2.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fcc3dd5e9e9c0b295d6e1e4d811fb6f157d5ffd784b8d202fc62eac8035a770b"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "derive_arbitrary"
+version = "1.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d475dfebcb4854d596b17b09f477616f80f17a550517f2b3615d8c205d5c802b"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "derive_more"
+version = "0.99.18"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5f33878137e4dafd7fa914ad4e259e18a4e8e532b9617a2d0150262bf53abfce"
+dependencies = [
+ "convert_case",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "rustc_version",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "derive_more"
+version = "1.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4a9b99b9cbbe49445b21764dc0625032a89b145a2642e67603e1c936f5458d05"
+dependencies = [
+ "derive_more-impl",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "derive_more-impl"
+version = "1.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cb7330aeadfbe296029522e6c40f315320aba36fc43a5b3632f3795348f3bd22"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "digest"
+version = "0.10.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9ed9a281f7bc9b7576e61468ba615a66a5c8cfdff42420a70aa82701a3b1e292"
+dependencies = [
+ "block-buffer",
+ "const-oid",
+ "crypto-common",
+ "subtle",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "directories"
+version = "5.0.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9a49173b84e034382284f27f1af4dcbbd231ffa358c0fe316541a7337f376a35"
+dependencies = [
+ "dirs-sys",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "dirs-sys"
+version = "0.4.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "520f05a5cbd335fae5a99ff7a6ab8627577660ee5cfd6a94a6a929b52ff0321c"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+ "option-ext",
+ "redox_users",
+ "windows-sys 0.48.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "displaydoc"
+version = "0.2.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "97369cbbc041bc366949bc74d34658d6cda5621039731c6310521892a3a20ae0"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "downcast-rs"
+version = "1.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "75b325c5dbd37f80359721ad39aca5a29fb04c89279657cffdda8736d0c0b9d2"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "dyn-clone"
+version = "1.0.17"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0d6ef0072f8a535281e4876be788938b528e9a1d43900b82c2569af7da799125"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ecdsa"
+version = "0.16.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ee27f32b5c5292967d2d4a9d7f1e0b0aed2c15daded5a60300e4abb9d8020bca"
+dependencies = [
+ "der",
+ "digest",
+ "elliptic-curve",
+ "rfc6979",
+ "signature",
+ "spki",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "either"
+version = "1.13.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "60b1af1c220855b6ceac025d3f6ecdd2b7c4894bfe9cd9bda4fbb4bc7c0d4cf0"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "elliptic-curve"
+version = "0.13.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b5e6043086bf7973472e0c7dff2142ea0b680d30e18d9cc40f267efbf222bd47"
+dependencies = [
+ "base16ct",
+ "crypto-bigint",
+ "digest",
+ "ff",
+ "generic-array",
+ "group",
+ "pkcs8",
+ "rand_core",
+ "sec1",
+ "subtle",
+ "zeroize",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "equivalent"
+version = "1.0.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5443807d6dff69373d433ab9ef5378ad8df50ca6298caf15de6e52e24aaf54d5"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "errno"
+version = "0.3.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "534c5cf6194dfab3db3242765c03bbe257cf92f22b38f6bc0c58d59108a820ba"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+ "windows-sys 0.52.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "espresso-crypto-helper"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-bn254",
+ "ark-ed-on-bn254",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-srs",
+ "ark-std",
+ "base64",
+ "base64-bytes",
+ "bytesize",
+ "committable",
+ "derivative",
+ "derive_more 0.99.18",
+ "digest",
+ "either",
+ "ethereum-types",
+ "ethers-core",
+ "itertools 0.12.1",
+ "jf-crhf",
+ "jf-merkle-tree",
+ "jf-pcs",
+ "jf-rescue",
+ "jf-utils",
+ "jf-vid",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "libc",
+ "num-traits",
+ "paste",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "sha2",
+ "tagged-base64",
+ "trait-set",
+ "typenum",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ethabi"
+version = "18.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7413c5f74cc903ea37386a8965a936cbeb334bd270862fdece542c1b2dcbc898"
+dependencies = [
+ "ethereum-types",
+ "hex",
+ "once_cell",
+ "regex",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "sha3",
+ "thiserror",
+ "uint",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ethbloom"
+version = "0.13.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c22d4b5885b6aa2fe5e8b9329fb8d232bf739e434e6b87347c63bdd00c120f60"
+dependencies = [
+ "crunchy",
+ "fixed-hash",
+ "impl-codec",
+ "impl-rlp",
+ "impl-serde",
+ "scale-info",
+ "tiny-keccak",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ethereum-types"
+version = "0.14.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "02d215cbf040552efcbe99a38372fe80ab9d00268e20012b79fcd0f073edd8ee"
+dependencies = [
+ "ethbloom",
+ "fixed-hash",
+ "impl-codec",
+ "impl-rlp",
+ "impl-serde",
+ "primitive-types",
+ "scale-info",
+ "uint",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ethers-core"
+version = "2.0.14"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "82d80cc6ad30b14a48ab786523af33b37f28a8623fc06afd55324816ef18fb1f"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrayvec",
+ "bytes",
+ "chrono",
+ "const-hex",
+ "elliptic-curve",
+ "ethabi",
+ "generic-array",
+ "k256",
+ "num_enum",
+ "open-fastrlp",
+ "rand",
+ "rlp",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "strum",
+ "tempfile",
+ "thiserror",
+ "tiny-keccak",
+ "unicode-xid",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "fastrand"
+version = "2.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e8c02a5121d4ea3eb16a80748c74f5549a5665e4c21333c6098f283870fbdea6"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ff"
+version = "0.13.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ded41244b729663b1e574f1b4fb731469f69f79c17667b5d776b16cda0479449"
+dependencies = [
+ "rand_core",
+ "subtle",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "fixed-hash"
+version = "0.8.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "835c052cb0c08c1acf6ffd71c022172e18723949c8282f2b9f27efbc51e64534"
+dependencies = [
+ "byteorder",
+ "rand",
+ "rustc-hex",
+ "static_assertions",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "flate2"
+version = "1.0.34"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a1b589b4dc103969ad3cf85c950899926ec64300a1a46d76c03a6072957036f0"
+dependencies = [
+ "crc32fast",
+ "miniz_oxide",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "form_urlencoded"
+version = "1.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e13624c2627564efccf4934284bdd98cbaa14e79b0b5a141218e507b3a823456"
+dependencies = [
+ "percent-encoding",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "funty"
+version = "2.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e6d5a32815ae3f33302d95fdcb2ce17862f8c65363dcfd29360480ba1001fc9c"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "generic-array"
+version = "0.14.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "85649ca51fd72272d7821adaf274ad91c288277713d9c18820d8499a7ff69e9a"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+ "typenum",
+ "version_check",
+ "zeroize",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "getrandom"
+version = "0.2.15"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c4567c8db10ae91089c99af84c68c38da3ec2f087c3f82960bcdbf3656b6f4d7"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "libc",
+ "wasi",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "group"
+version = "0.13.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f0f9ef7462f7c099f518d754361858f86d8a07af53ba9af0fe635bbccb151a63"
+dependencies = [
+ "ff",
+ "rand_core",
+ "subtle",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hashbrown"
+version = "0.13.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "43a3c133739dddd0d2990f9a4bdf8eb4b21ef50e4851ca85ab661199821d510e"
+dependencies = [
+ "ahash",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hashbrown"
+version = "0.14.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e5274423e17b7c9fc20b6e7e208532f9b19825d82dfd615708b70edd83df41f1"
+dependencies = [
+ "ahash",
+ "allocator-api2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hashbrown"
+version = "0.15.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3a9bfc1af68b1726ea47d3d5109de126281def866b33970e10fbab11b5dafab3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "heck"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2304e00983f87ffb38b55b444b5e3b60a884b5d30c0fca7d82fe33449bbe55ea"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hex"
+version = "0.4.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7f24254aa9a54b5c858eaee2f5bccdb46aaf0e486a595ed5fd8f86ba55232a70"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hex-literal"
+version = "0.4.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6fe2267d4ed49bc07b63801559be28c718ea06c4738b7a03c94df7386d2cde46"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hmac"
+version = "0.12.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6c49c37c09c17a53d937dfbb742eb3a961d65a994e6bcdcf37e7399d0cc8ab5e"
+dependencies = [
+ "digest",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_collections"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "db2fa452206ebee18c4b5c2274dbf1de17008e874b4dc4f0aea9d01ca79e4526"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "yoke",
+ "zerofrom",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_locid"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "13acbb8371917fc971be86fc8057c41a64b521c184808a698c02acc242dbf637"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "litemap",
+ "tinystr",
+ "writeable",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_locid_transform"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "01d11ac35de8e40fdeda00d9e1e9d92525f3f9d887cdd7aa81d727596788b54e"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "icu_locid",
+ "icu_locid_transform_data",
+ "icu_provider",
+ "tinystr",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_locid_transform_data"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fdc8ff3388f852bede6b579ad4e978ab004f139284d7b28715f773507b946f6e"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_normalizer"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "19ce3e0da2ec68599d193c93d088142efd7f9c5d6fc9b803774855747dc6a84f"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "icu_collections",
+ "icu_normalizer_data",
+ "icu_properties",
+ "icu_provider",
+ "smallvec",
+ "utf16_iter",
+ "utf8_iter",
+ "write16",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_normalizer_data"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f8cafbf7aa791e9b22bec55a167906f9e1215fd475cd22adfcf660e03e989516"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_properties"
+version = "1.5.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "93d6020766cfc6302c15dbbc9c8778c37e62c14427cb7f6e601d849e092aeef5"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "icu_collections",
+ "icu_locid_transform",
+ "icu_properties_data",
+ "icu_provider",
+ "tinystr",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_properties_data"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "67a8effbc3dd3e4ba1afa8ad918d5684b8868b3b26500753effea8d2eed19569"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_provider"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6ed421c8a8ef78d3e2dbc98a973be2f3770cb42b606e3ab18d6237c4dfde68d9"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "icu_locid",
+ "icu_provider_macros",
+ "stable_deref_trait",
+ "tinystr",
+ "writeable",
+ "yoke",
+ "zerofrom",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_provider_macros"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1ec89e9337638ecdc08744df490b221a7399bf8d164eb52a665454e60e075ad6"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "idna"
+version = "1.0.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "686f825264d630750a544639377bae737628043f20d38bbc029e8f29ea968a7e"
+dependencies = [
+ "idna_adapter",
+ "smallvec",
+ "utf8_iter",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "idna_adapter"
+version = "1.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "daca1df1c957320b2cf139ac61e7bd64fed304c5040df000a745aa1de3b4ef71"
+dependencies = [
+ "icu_normalizer",
+ "icu_properties",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "impl-codec"
+version = "0.6.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ba6a270039626615617f3f36d15fc827041df3b78c439da2cadfa47455a77f2f"
+dependencies = [
+ "parity-scale-codec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "impl-rlp"
+version = "0.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f28220f89297a075ddc7245cd538076ee98b01f2a9c23a53a4f1105d5a322808"
+dependencies = [
+ "rlp",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "impl-serde"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ebc88fc67028ae3db0c853baa36269d398d5f45b6982f95549ff5def78c935cd"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "impl-trait-for-tuples"
+version = "0.2.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "11d7a9f6330b71fea57921c9b61c47ee6e84f72d394754eff6163ae67e7395eb"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "indexmap"
+version = "2.6.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "707907fe3c25f5424cce2cb7e1cbcafee6bdbe735ca90ef77c29e84591e5b9da"
+dependencies = [
+ "equivalent",
+ "hashbrown 0.15.1",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "itertools"
+version = "0.10.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b0fd2260e829bddf4cb6ea802289de2f86d6a7a690192fbe91b3f46e0f2c8473"
+dependencies = [
+ "either",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "itertools"
+version = "0.12.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ba291022dbbd398a455acf126c1e341954079855bc60dfdda641363bd6922569"
+dependencies = [
+ "either",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "itoa"
+version = "1.0.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "49f1f14873335454500d59611f1cf4a4b0f786f9ac11f4312a78e4cf2566695b"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "jf-commitment"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish?tag=0.4.5#7d71dbeff14f1a501b0b0dc391f1dffa1b8374fb"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-std",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "jf-crhf"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish?tag=0.4.5#7d71dbeff14f1a501b0b0dc391f1dffa1b8374fb"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "jf-merkle-tree"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish?tag=0.4.5#7d71dbeff14f1a501b0b0dc391f1dffa1b8374fb"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-bls12-377",
+ "ark-bls12-381",
+ "ark-bn254",
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "derivative",
+ "digest",
+ "displaydoc",
+ "hashbrown 0.14.5",
+ "itertools 0.12.1",
+ "jf-relation",
+ "jf-rescue",
+ "jf-utils",
+ "num-bigint",
+ "num-traits",
+ "serde",
+ "sha3",
+ "tagged-base64",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "jf-pcs"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish?tag=0.4.5#7d71dbeff14f1a501b0b0dc391f1dffa1b8374fb"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-poly",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "derivative",
+ "displaydoc",
+ "itertools 0.12.1",
+ "jf-utils",
+ "merlin",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "jf-prf"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish?tag=0.4.5#7d71dbeff14f1a501b0b0dc391f1dffa1b8374fb"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "jf-relation"
+version = "0.4.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish?tag=0.4.5#7d71dbeff14f1a501b0b0dc391f1dffa1b8374fb"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-bls12-377",
+ "ark-bls12-381",
+ "ark-bn254",
+ "ark-bw6-761",
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-poly",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "derivative",
+ "displaydoc",
+ "downcast-rs",
+ "dyn-clone",
+ "hashbrown 0.14.5",
+ "itertools 0.12.1",
+ "jf-utils",
+ "num-bigint",
+ "rand_chacha",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "jf-rescue"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish?tag=0.4.5#7d71dbeff14f1a501b0b0dc391f1dffa1b8374fb"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-bls12-377",
+ "ark-bls12-381",
+ "ark-bn254",
+ "ark-bw6-761",
+ "ark-crypto-primitives",
+ "ark-ed-on-bls12-377",
+ "ark-ed-on-bls12-381",
+ "ark-ed-on-bn254",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-std",
+ "displaydoc",
+ "itertools 0.12.1",
+ "jf-commitment",
+ "jf-crhf",
+ "jf-prf",
+ "jf-relation",
+ "jf-utils",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "jf-utils"
+version = "0.4.4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish?tag=0.4.5#7d71dbeff14f1a501b0b0dc391f1dffa1b8374fb"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ed-on-bls12-377",
+ "ark-ed-on-bls12-381",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-poly",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "digest",
+ "displaydoc",
+ "rand_chacha",
+ "serde",
+ "sha2",
+ "tagged-base64",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "jf-vid"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish?tag=0.4.5#7d71dbeff14f1a501b0b0dc391f1dffa1b8374fb"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-poly",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "derivative",
+ "digest",
+ "displaydoc",
+ "generic-array",
+ "itertools 0.12.1",
+ "jf-merkle-tree",
+ "jf-pcs",
+ "jf-utils",
+ "serde",
+ "tagged-base64",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "k256"
+version = "0.13.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f6e3919bbaa2945715f0bb6d3934a173d1e9a59ac23767fbaaef277265a7411b"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "ecdsa",
+ "elliptic-curve",
+ "once_cell",
+ "sha2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "keccak"
+version = "0.1.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ecc2af9a1119c51f12a14607e783cb977bde58bc069ff0c3da1095e635d70654"
+dependencies = [
+ "cpufeatures",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "lazy_static"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bbd2bcb4c963f2ddae06a2efc7e9f3591312473c50c6685e1f298068316e66fe"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "libc"
+version = "0.2.161"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8e9489c2807c139ffd9c1794f4af0ebe86a828db53ecdc7fea2111d0fed085d1"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "libm"
+version = "0.2.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8355be11b20d696c8f18f6cc018c4e372165b1fa8126cef092399c9951984ffa"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "libredox"
+version = "0.1.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c0ff37bd590ca25063e35af745c343cb7a0271906fb7b37e4813e8f79f00268d"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags",
+ "libc",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "linux-raw-sys"
+version = "0.4.14"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "78b3ae25bc7c8c38cec158d1f2757ee79e9b3740fbc7ccf0e59e4b08d793fa89"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "litemap"
+version = "0.7.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "643cb0b8d4fcc284004d5fd0d67ccf61dfffadb7f75e1e71bc420f4688a3a704"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "log"
+version = "0.4.22"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a7a70ba024b9dc04c27ea2f0c0548feb474ec5c54bba33a7f72f873a39d07b24"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "memchr"
+version = "2.7.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "78ca9ab1a0babb1e7d5695e3530886289c18cf2f87ec19a575a0abdce112e3a3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "merlin"
+version = "3.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "58c38e2799fc0978b65dfff8023ec7843e2330bb462f19198840b34b6582397d"
+dependencies = [
+ "byteorder",
+ "keccak",
+ "rand_core",
+ "zeroize",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "miniz_oxide"
+version = "0.8.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e2d80299ef12ff69b16a84bb182e3b9df68b5a91574d3d4fa6e41b65deec4df1"
+dependencies = [
+ "adler2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "nu-ansi-term"
+version = "0.46.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "77a8165726e8236064dbb45459242600304b42a5ea24ee2948e18e023bf7ba84"
+dependencies = [
+ "overload",
+ "winapi",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "num-bigint"
+version = "0.4.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a5e44f723f1133c9deac646763579fdb3ac745e418f2a7af9cd0c431da1f20b9"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-integer",
+ "num-traits",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "num-integer"
+version = "0.1.46"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7969661fd2958a5cb096e56c8e1ad0444ac2bbcd0061bd28660485a44879858f"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-traits",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "num-traits"
+version = "0.2.19"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "071dfc062690e90b734c0b2273ce72ad0ffa95f0c74596bc250dcfd960262841"
+dependencies = [
+ "autocfg",
+ "libm",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "num_enum"
+version = "0.7.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4e613fc340b2220f734a8595782c551f1250e969d87d3be1ae0579e8d4065179"
+dependencies = [
+ "num_enum_derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "num_enum_derive"
+version = "0.7.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "af1844ef2428cc3e1cb900be36181049ef3d3193c63e43026cfe202983b27a56"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro-crate",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "once_cell"
+version = "1.20.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1261fe7e33c73b354eab43b1273a57c8f967d0391e80353e51f764ac02cf6775"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "open-fastrlp"
+version = "0.1.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "786393f80485445794f6043fd3138854dd109cc6c4bd1a6383db304c9ce9b9ce"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrayvec",
+ "auto_impl",
+ "bytes",
+ "ethereum-types",
+ "open-fastrlp-derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "open-fastrlp-derive"
+version = "0.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "003b2be5c6c53c1cfeb0a238b8a1c3915cd410feb684457a36c10038f764bb1c"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "option-ext"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "04744f49eae99ab78e0d5c0b603ab218f515ea8cfe5a456d7629ad883a3b6e7d"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "overload"
+version = "0.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b15813163c1d831bf4a13c3610c05c0d03b39feb07f7e09fa234dac9b15aaf39"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "parity-scale-codec"
+version = "3.6.12"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "306800abfa29c7f16596b5970a588435e3d5b3149683d00c12b699cc19f895ee"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrayvec",
+ "bitvec",
+ "byte-slice-cast",
+ "impl-trait-for-tuples",
+ "parity-scale-codec-derive",
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "parity-scale-codec-derive"
+version = "3.6.12"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d830939c76d294956402033aee57a6da7b438f2294eb94864c37b0569053a42c"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro-crate",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "paste"
+version = "1.0.15"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "57c0d7b74b563b49d38dae00a0c37d4d6de9b432382b2892f0574ddcae73fd0a"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "percent-encoding"
+version = "2.3.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e3148f5046208a5d56bcfc03053e3ca6334e51da8dfb19b6cdc8b306fae3283e"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "pin-project-lite"
+version = "0.2.15"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "915a1e146535de9163f3987b8944ed8cf49a18bb0056bcebcdcece385cece4ff"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "pkcs8"
+version = "0.10.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f950b2377845cebe5cf8b5165cb3cc1a5e0fa5cfa3e1f7f55707d8fd82e0a7b7"
+dependencies = [
+ "der",
+ "spki",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ppv-lite86"
+version = "0.2.20"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "77957b295656769bb8ad2b6a6b09d897d94f05c41b069aede1fcdaa675eaea04"
+dependencies = [
+ "zerocopy",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "primitive-types"
+version = "0.12.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0b34d9fd68ae0b74a41b21c03c2f62847aa0ffea044eee893b4c140b37e244e2"
+dependencies = [
+ "fixed-hash",
+ "impl-codec",
+ "impl-rlp",
+ "impl-serde",
+ "scale-info",
+ "uint",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "proc-macro-crate"
+version = "3.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8ecf48c7ca261d60b74ab1a7b20da18bede46776b2e55535cb958eb595c5fa7b"
+dependencies = [
+ "toml_edit",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "proc-macro2"
+version = "1.0.89"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f139b0662de085916d1fb67d2b4169d1addddda1919e696f3252b740b629986e"
+dependencies = [
+ "unicode-ident",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "proptest"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b4c2511913b88df1637da85cc8d96ec8e43a3f8bb8ccb71ee1ac240d6f3df58d"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "num-traits",
+ "rand",
+ "rand_chacha",
+ "rand_xorshift",
+ "regex-syntax",
+ "unarray",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "quote"
+version = "1.0.37"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b5b9d34b8991d19d98081b46eacdd8eb58c6f2b201139f7c5f643cc155a633af"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "radium"
+version = "0.7.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "dc33ff2d4973d518d823d61aa239014831e521c75da58e3df4840d3f47749d09"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rand"
+version = "0.8.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "34af8d1a0e25924bc5b7c43c079c942339d8f0a8b57c39049bef581b46327404"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+ "rand_chacha",
+ "rand_core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rand_chacha"
+version = "0.3.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e6c10a63a0fa32252be49d21e7709d4d4baf8d231c2dbce1eaa8141b9b127d88"
+dependencies = [
+ "ppv-lite86",
+ "rand_core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rand_core"
+version = "0.6.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ec0be4795e2f6a28069bec0b5ff3e2ac9bafc99e6a9a7dc3547996c5c816922c"
+dependencies = [
+ "getrandom",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rand_xorshift"
+version = "0.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d25bf25ec5ae4a3f1b92f929810509a2f53d7dca2f50b794ff57e3face536c8f"
+dependencies = [
+ "rand_core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rayon"
+version = "1.10.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b418a60154510ca1a002a752ca9714984e21e4241e804d32555251faf8b78ffa"
+dependencies = [
+ "either",
+ "rayon-core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rayon-core"
+version = "1.12.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1465873a3dfdaa8ae7cb14b4383657caab0b3e8a0aa9ae8e04b044854c8dfce2"
+dependencies = [
+ "crossbeam-deque",
+ "crossbeam-utils",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "redox_users"
+version = "0.4.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ba009ff324d1fc1b900bd1fdb31564febe58a8ccc8a6fdbb93b543d33b13ca43"
+dependencies = [
+ "getrandom",
+ "libredox",
+ "thiserror",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "regex"
+version = "1.11.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b544ef1b4eac5dc2db33ea63606ae9ffcfac26c1416a2806ae0bf5f56b201191"
+dependencies = [
+ "aho-corasick",
+ "memchr",
+ "regex-automata",
+ "regex-syntax",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "regex-automata"
+version = "0.4.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "368758f23274712b504848e9d5a6f010445cc8b87a7cdb4d7cbee666c1288da3"
+dependencies = [
+ "aho-corasick",
+ "memchr",
+ "regex-syntax",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "regex-syntax"
+version = "0.8.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2b15c43186be67a4fd63bee50d0303afffcef381492ebe2c5d87f324e1b8815c"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rfc6979"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f8dd2a808d456c4a54e300a23e9f5a67e122c3024119acbfd73e3bf664491cb2"
+dependencies = [
+ "hmac",
+ "subtle",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ring"
+version = "0.17.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c17fa4cb658e3583423e915b9f3acc01cceaee1860e33d59ebae66adc3a2dc0d"
+dependencies = [
+ "cc",
+ "cfg-if",
+ "getrandom",
+ "libc",
+ "spin",
+ "untrusted",
+ "windows-sys 0.52.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rlp"
+version = "0.5.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bb919243f34364b6bd2fc10ef797edbfa75f33c252e7998527479c6d6b47e1ec"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "rlp-derive",
+ "rustc-hex",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rlp-derive"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e33d7b2abe0c340d8797fe2907d3f20d3b5ea5908683618bfe80df7f621f672a"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rustc-hex"
+version = "2.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3e75f6a532d0fd9f7f13144f392b6ad56a32696bfcd9c78f797f16bbb6f072d6"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rustc_version"
+version = "0.4.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cfcb3a22ef46e85b45de6ee7e79d063319ebb6594faafcf1c225ea92ab6e9b92"
+dependencies = [
+ "semver",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rustix"
+version = "0.38.38"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "aa260229e6538e52293eeb577aabd09945a09d6d9cc0fc550ed7529056c2e32a"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags",
+ "errno",
+ "libc",
+ "linux-raw-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.52.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rustls"
+version = "0.23.16"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "eee87ff5d9b36712a58574e12e9f0ea80f915a5b0ac518d322b24a465617925e"
+dependencies = [
+ "log",
+ "once_cell",
+ "ring",
+ "rustls-pki-types",
+ "rustls-webpki",
+ "subtle",
+ "zeroize",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rustls-pki-types"
+version = "1.10.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "16f1201b3c9a7ee8039bcadc17b7e605e2945b27eee7631788c1bd2b0643674b"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rustls-webpki"
+version = "0.102.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "64ca1bc8749bd4cf37b5ce386cc146580777b4e8572c7b97baf22c83f444bee9"
+dependencies = [
+ "ring",
+ "rustls-pki-types",
+ "untrusted",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rustversion"
+version = "1.0.18"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0e819f2bc632f285be6d7cd36e25940d45b2391dd6d9b939e79de557f7014248"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ryu"
+version = "1.0.18"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f3cb5ba0dc43242ce17de99c180e96db90b235b8a9fdc9543c96d2209116bd9f"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "scale-info"
+version = "2.11.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1aa7ffc1c0ef49b0452c6e2986abf2b07743320641ffd5fc63d552458e3b779b"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "derive_more 1.0.0",
+ "parity-scale-codec",
+ "scale-info-derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "scale-info-derive"
+version = "2.11.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "46385cc24172cf615450267463f937c10072516359b3ff1cb24228a4a08bf951"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro-crate",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "sec1"
+version = "0.7.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d3e97a565f76233a6003f9f5c54be1d9c5bdfa3eccfb189469f11ec4901c47dc"
+dependencies = [
+ "base16ct",
+ "der",
+ "generic-array",
+ "pkcs8",
+ "subtle",
+ "zeroize",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "semver"
+version = "1.0.23"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "61697e0a1c7e512e84a621326239844a24d8207b4669b41bc18b32ea5cbf988b"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "serde"
+version = "1.0.214"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f55c3193aca71c12ad7890f1785d2b73e1b9f63a0bbc353c08ef26fe03fc56b5"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde_derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "serde_derive"
+version = "1.0.214"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "de523f781f095e28fa605cdce0f8307e451cc0fd14e2eb4cd2e98a355b147766"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "serde_json"
+version = "1.0.132"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d726bfaff4b320266d395898905d0eba0345aae23b54aee3a737e260fd46db03"
+dependencies = [
+ "itoa",
+ "memchr",
+ "ryu",
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "sha2"
+version = "0.10.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "793db75ad2bcafc3ffa7c68b215fee268f537982cd901d132f89c6343f3a3dc8"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "cpufeatures",
+ "digest",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "sha3"
+version = "0.10.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "75872d278a8f37ef87fa0ddbda7802605cb18344497949862c0d4dcb291eba60"
+dependencies = [
+ "digest",
+ "keccak",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "sharded-slab"
+version = "0.1.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f40ca3c46823713e0d4209592e8d6e826aa57e928f09752619fc696c499637f6"
+dependencies = [
+ "lazy_static",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "shlex"
+version = "1.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0fda2ff0d084019ba4d7c6f371c95d8fd75ce3524c3cb8fb653a3023f6323e64"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "signature"
+version = "2.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "77549399552de45a898a580c1b41d445bf730df867cc44e6c0233bbc4b8329de"
+dependencies = [
+ "digest",
+ "rand_core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "smallvec"
+version = "1.13.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3c5e1a9a646d36c3599cd173a41282daf47c44583ad367b8e6837255952e5c67"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "snafu"
+version = "0.8.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "223891c85e2a29c3fe8fb900c1fae5e69c2e42415e3177752e8718475efa5019"
+dependencies = [
+ "snafu-derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "snafu-derive"
+version = "0.8.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "03c3c6b7927ffe7ecaa769ee0e3994da3b8cafc8f444578982c83ecb161af917"
+dependencies = [
+ "heck",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "spin"
+version = "0.9.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6980e8d7511241f8acf4aebddbb1ff938df5eebe98691418c4468d0b72a96a67"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "spki"
+version = "0.7.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d91ed6c858b01f942cd56b37a94b3e0a1798290327d1236e4d9cf4eaca44d29d"
+dependencies = [
+ "base64ct",
+ "der",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "stable_deref_trait"
+version = "1.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a8f112729512f8e442d81f95a8a7ddf2b7c6b8a1a6f509a95864142b30cab2d3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "static_assertions"
+version = "1.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a2eb9349b6444b326872e140eb1cf5e7c522154d69e7a0ffb0fb81c06b37543f"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "strum"
+version = "0.26.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8fec0f0aef304996cf250b31b5a10dee7980c85da9d759361292b8bca5a18f06"
+dependencies = [
+ "strum_macros",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "strum_macros"
+version = "0.26.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4c6bee85a5a24955dc440386795aa378cd9cf82acd5f764469152d2270e581be"
+dependencies = [
+ "heck",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "rustversion",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "subtle"
+version = "2.6.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "13c2bddecc57b384dee18652358fb23172facb8a2c51ccc10d74c157bdea3292"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "syn"
+version = "1.0.109"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "72b64191b275b66ffe2469e8af2c1cfe3bafa67b529ead792a6d0160888b4237"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "unicode-ident",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "syn"
+version = "2.0.87"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "25aa4ce346d03a6dcd68dd8b4010bcb74e54e62c90c573f394c46eae99aba32d"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "unicode-ident",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "synstructure"
+version = "0.13.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c8af7666ab7b6390ab78131fb5b0fce11d6b7a6951602017c35fa82800708971"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tagged-base64"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7b74bbf1db405a3fd2c6f8cd403bfa14727faa145925efe3012fa270b61551f1"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "base64",
+ "crc-any",
+ "serde",
+ "snafu",
+ "tagged-base64-macros",
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tagged-base64-macros"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bcdea3c0150898fad2f7196a173ec3264f7fc455ba570939163c558f48ae85ac"
+dependencies = [
+ "quote",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tap"
+version = "1.0.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "55937e1799185b12863d447f42597ed69d9928686b8d88a1df17376a097d8369"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tempfile"
+version = "3.13.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f0f2c9fc62d0beef6951ccffd757e241266a2c833136efbe35af6cd2567dca5b"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "fastrand",
+ "once_cell",
+ "rustix",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "thiserror"
+version = "1.0.68"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "02dd99dc800bbb97186339685293e1cc5d9df1f8fae2d0aecd9ff1c77efea892"
+dependencies = [
+ "thiserror-impl",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "thiserror-impl"
+version = "1.0.68"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a7c61ec9a6f64d2793d8a45faba21efbe3ced62a886d44c36a009b2b519b4c7e"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "thread_local"
+version = "1.1.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8b9ef9bad013ada3808854ceac7b46812a6465ba368859a37e2100283d2d719c"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "once_cell",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tiny-keccak"
+version = "2.0.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2c9d3793400a45f954c52e73d068316d76b6f4e36977e3fcebb13a2721e80237"
+dependencies = [
+ "crunchy",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tinystr"
+version = "0.7.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9117f5d4db391c1cf6927e7bea3db74b9a1c1add8f7eda9ffd5364f40f57b82f"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "toml_datetime"
+version = "0.6.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0dd7358ecb8fc2f8d014bf86f6f638ce72ba252a2c3a2572f2a795f1d23efb41"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "toml_edit"
+version = "0.22.22"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4ae48d6208a266e853d946088ed816055e556cc6028c5e8e2b84d9fa5dd7c7f5"
+dependencies = [
+ "indexmap",
+ "toml_datetime",
+ "winnow",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing"
+version = "0.1.40"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c3523ab5a71916ccf420eebdf5521fcef02141234bbc0b8a49f2fdc4544364ef"
+dependencies = [
+ "log",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "tracing-attributes",
+ "tracing-core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-attributes"
+version = "0.1.27"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "34704c8d6ebcbc939824180af020566b01a7c01f80641264eba0999f6c2b6be7"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-core"
+version = "0.1.32"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c06d3da6113f116aaee68e4d601191614c9053067f9ab7f6edbcb161237daa54"
+dependencies = [
+ "once_cell",
+ "valuable",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-log"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ee855f1f400bd0e5c02d150ae5de3840039a3f54b025156404e34c23c03f47c3"
+dependencies = [
+ "log",
+ "once_cell",
+ "tracing-core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-subscriber"
+version = "0.2.25"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0e0d2eaa99c3c2e41547cfa109e910a68ea03823cccad4a0525dcbc9b01e8c71"
+dependencies = [
+ "tracing-core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-subscriber"
+version = "0.3.18"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ad0f048c97dbd9faa9b7df56362b8ebcaa52adb06b498c050d2f4e32f90a7a8b"
+dependencies = [
+ "nu-ansi-term",
+ "sharded-slab",
+ "smallvec",
+ "thread_local",
+ "tracing-core",
+ "tracing-log",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "trait-set"
+version = "0.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b79e2e9c9ab44c6d7c20d5976961b47e8f49ac199154daa514b77cd1ab536625"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 1.0.109",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "typenum"
+version = "1.17.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "42ff0bf0c66b8238c6f3b578df37d0b7848e55df8577b3f74f92a69acceeb825"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "uint"
+version = "0.9.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "76f64bba2c53b04fcab63c01a7d7427eadc821e3bc48c34dc9ba29c501164b52"
+dependencies = [
+ "byteorder",
+ "crunchy",
+ "hex",
+ "static_assertions",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "unarray"
+version = "0.1.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "eaea85b334db583fe3274d12b4cd1880032beab409c0d774be044d4480ab9a94"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "unicode-ident"
+version = "1.0.13"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e91b56cd4cadaeb79bbf1a5645f6b4f8dc5bde8834ad5894a8db35fda9efa1fe"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "unicode-xid"
+version = "0.2.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ebc1c04c71510c7f702b52b7c350734c9ff1295c464a03335b00bb84fc54f853"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "untrusted"
+version = "0.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8ecb6da28b8a351d773b68d5825ac39017e680750f980f3a1a85cd8dd28a47c1"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ureq"
+version = "2.10.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b74fc6b57825be3373f7054754755f03ac3a8f5d70015ccad699ba2029956f4a"
+dependencies = [
+ "base64",
+ "flate2",
+ "log",
+ "once_cell",
+ "rustls",
+ "rustls-pki-types",
+ "url",
+ "webpki-roots",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "url"
+version = "2.5.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8d157f1b96d14500ffdc1f10ba712e780825526c03d9a49b4d0324b0d9113ada"
+dependencies = [
+ "form_urlencoded",
+ "idna",
+ "percent-encoding",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "utf16_iter"
+version = "1.0.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c8232dd3cdaed5356e0f716d285e4b40b932ac434100fe9b7e0e8e935b9e6246"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "utf8_iter"
+version = "1.0.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b6c140620e7ffbb22c2dee59cafe6084a59b5ffc27a8859a5f0d494b5d52b6be"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "valuable"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "830b7e5d4d90034032940e4ace0d9a9a057e7a45cd94e6c007832e39edb82f6d"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "version_check"
+version = "0.9.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0b928f33d975fc6ad9f86c8f283853ad26bdd5b10b7f1542aa2fa15e2289105a"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasi"
+version = "0.11.0+wasi-snapshot-preview1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9c8d87e72b64a3b4db28d11ce29237c246188f4f51057d65a7eab63b7987e423"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-bindgen"
+version = "0.2.95"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "128d1e363af62632b8eb57219c8fd7877144af57558fb2ef0368d0087bddeb2e"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "once_cell",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "wasm-bindgen-macro",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-bindgen-backend"
+version = "0.2.95"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cb6dd4d3ca0ddffd1dd1c9c04f94b868c37ff5fac97c30b97cff2d74fce3a358"
+dependencies = [
+ "bumpalo",
+ "log",
+ "once_cell",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+ "wasm-bindgen-shared",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-bindgen-macro"
+version = "0.2.95"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e79384be7f8f5a9dd5d7167216f022090cf1f9ec128e6e6a482a2cb5c5422c56"
+dependencies = [
+ "quote",
+ "wasm-bindgen-macro-support",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-bindgen-macro-support"
+version = "0.2.95"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "26c6ab57572f7a24a4985830b120de1594465e5d500f24afe89e16b4e833ef68"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+ "wasm-bindgen-backend",
+ "wasm-bindgen-shared",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasm-bindgen-shared"
+version = "0.2.95"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "65fc09f10666a9f147042251e0dda9c18f166ff7de300607007e96bdebc1068d"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "webpki-roots"
+version = "0.26.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "841c67bff177718f1d4dfefde8d8f0e78f9b6589319ba88312f567fc5841a958"
+dependencies = [
+ "rustls-pki-types",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "winapi"
+version = "0.3.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5c839a674fcd7a98952e593242ea400abe93992746761e38641405d28b00f419"
+dependencies = [
+ "winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu",
+ "winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ac3b87c63620426dd9b991e5ce0329eff545bccbbb34f3be09ff6fb6ab51b7b6"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "712e227841d057c1ee1cd2fb22fa7e5a5461ae8e48fa2ca79ec42cfc1931183f"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.48.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "677d2418bec65e3338edb076e806bc1ec15693c5d0104683f2efe857f61056a9"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-targets 0.48.5",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.52.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "282be5f36a8ce781fad8c8ae18fa3f9beff57ec1b52cb3de0789201425d9a33d"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.59.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1e38bc4d79ed67fd075bcc251a1c39b32a1776bbe92e5bef1f0bf1f8c531853b"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-targets"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9a2fa6e2155d7247be68c096456083145c183cbbbc2764150dda45a87197940c"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.48.5",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.48.5",
+ "windows_i686_gnu 0.48.5",
+ "windows_i686_msvc 0.48.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.48.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.48.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.48.5",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-targets"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9b724f72796e036ab90c1021d4780d4d3d648aca59e491e6b98e725b84e99973"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.52.6",
+ "windows_i686_gnu 0.52.6",
+ "windows_i686_gnullvm",
+ "windows_i686_msvc 0.52.6",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.52.6",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.52.6",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2b38e32f0abccf9987a4e3079dfb67dcd799fb61361e53e2882c3cbaf0d905d8"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "32a4622180e7a0ec044bb555404c800bc9fd9ec262ec147edd5989ccd0c02cd3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "dc35310971f3b2dbbf3f0690a219f40e2d9afcf64f9ab7cc1be722937c26b4bc"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "09ec2a7bb152e2252b53fa7803150007879548bc709c039df7627cabbd05d469"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_gnu"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a75915e7def60c94dcef72200b9a8e58e5091744960da64ec734a6c6e9b3743e"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_gnu"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8e9b5ad5ab802e97eb8e295ac6720e509ee4c243f69d781394014ebfe8bbfa0b"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_gnullvm"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0eee52d38c090b3caa76c563b86c3a4bd71ef1a819287c19d586d7334ae8ed66"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8f55c233f70c4b27f66c523580f78f1004e8b5a8b659e05a4eb49d4166cca406"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_msvc"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "240948bc05c5e7c6dabba28bf89d89ffce3e303022809e73deaefe4f6ec56c66"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "53d40abd2583d23e4718fddf1ebec84dbff8381c07cae67ff7768bbf19c6718e"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "147a5c80aabfbf0c7d901cb5895d1de30ef2907eb21fbbab29ca94c5b08b1a78"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0b7b52767868a23d5bab768e390dc5f5c55825b6d30b86c844ff2dc7414044cc"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "24d5b23dc417412679681396f2b49f3de8c1473deb516bd34410872eff51ed0d"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ed94fce61571a4006852b7389a063ab983c02eb1bb37b47f8272ce92d06d9538"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "589f6da84c646204747d1270a2a5661ea66ed1cced2631d546fdfb155959f9ec"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "winnow"
+version = "0.6.20"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "36c1fec1a2bb5866f07c25f68c26e565c4c200aebb96d7e55710c19d3e8ac49b"
+dependencies = [
+ "memchr",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "write16"
+version = "1.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d1890f4022759daae28ed4fe62859b1236caebfc61ede2f63ed4e695f3f6d936"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "writeable"
+version = "0.5.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1e9df38ee2d2c3c5948ea468a8406ff0db0b29ae1ffde1bcf20ef305bcc95c51"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wyz"
+version = "0.5.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "05f360fc0b24296329c78fda852a1e9ae82de9cf7b27dae4b7f62f118f77b9ed"
+dependencies = [
+ "tap",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "yoke"
+version = "0.7.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6c5b1314b079b0930c31e3af543d8ee1757b1951ae1e1565ec704403a7240ca5"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+ "stable_deref_trait",
+ "yoke-derive",
+ "zerofrom",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "yoke-derive"
+version = "0.7.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "28cc31741b18cb6f1d5ff12f5b7523e3d6eb0852bbbad19d73905511d9849b95"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+ "synstructure",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerocopy"
+version = "0.7.35"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1b9b4fd18abc82b8136838da5d50bae7bdea537c574d8dc1a34ed098d6c166f0"
+dependencies = [
+ "byteorder",
+ "zerocopy-derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerocopy-derive"
+version = "0.7.35"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fa4f8080344d4671fb4e831a13ad1e68092748387dfc4f55e356242fae12ce3e"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerofrom"
+version = "0.1.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "91ec111ce797d0e0784a1116d0ddcdbea84322cd79e5d5ad173daeba4f93ab55"
+dependencies = [
+ "zerofrom-derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerofrom-derive"
+version = "0.1.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0ea7b4a3637ea8669cedf0f1fd5c286a17f3de97b8dd5a70a6c167a1730e63a5"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+ "synstructure",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zeroize"
+version = "1.8.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ced3678a2879b30306d323f4542626697a464a97c0a07c9aebf7ebca65cd4dde"
+dependencies = [
+ "zeroize_derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zeroize_derive"
+version = "1.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ce36e65b0d2999d2aafac989fb249189a141aee1f53c612c1f37d72631959f69"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerovec"
+version = "0.10.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "aa2b893d79df23bfb12d5461018d408ea19dfafe76c2c7ef6d4eba614f8ff079"
+dependencies = [
+ "yoke",
+ "zerofrom",
+ "zerovec-derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerovec-derive"
+version = "0.10.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6eafa6dfb17584ea3e2bd6e76e0cc15ad7af12b09abdd1ca55961bed9b1063c6"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/Cargo.toml b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a2116c86b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+
+[package]
+name = "espresso-crypto-helper"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+rust-version = "1.81"
+
+[lib]
+
+crate-type = ["staticlib"]
+
+[dependencies]
+ark-bn254 = "0.4"
+ark-ed-on-bn254 = "0.4"
+ark-ff = "0.4"
+ark-serialize = { version = "0.4", features = ["derive"] }
+ark-std = { version = "0.4", default-features = false }
+base64 = "0.22"
+bytesize = "1.3"
+derive_more = "0.99.17"
+digest = "0.10"
+ethers-core = "2.0.14"
+libc = "0.2"
+sha2 = "0.10"
+base64-bytes = "0.1"
+paste = "1.0"
+serde_json = "1.0"
+committable = {version = "0.2", features = ["ark-serialize"]}
+ethereum-types = "0.14.1"
+tagged-base64 = "0.4"
+lazy_static = "1.4"
+serde = { version = "1.0.195", features = ["derive"] }
+itertools = "0.12"
+either =  {version = "1.11.0", features = ["serde"]}
+
+jf-crhf = { version = "0.1.0", git = "https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish", tag = "0.4.5" }
+jf-utils = { git = "https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish", tag = "0.4.5", features = [], default-features = false}
+jf-vid = { version = "0.1.0", git = "https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish", tag = "0.4.5", features = [
+  "std",
+], default-features = false}
+jf-merkle-tree = { version = "0.1.0", git = "https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish", tag = "0.4.5", features = [
+  "std",
+], default-features = false}
+jf-pcs = { version = "0.1.0", git = "https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish", tag = "0.4.5", features = [
+  "std",
+], default-features = false }
+jf-rescue = { version = "0.1.0", git = "https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish", tag = "0.4.5", features = [
+  "std",
+], default-features = false}
+trait-set = "0.3.0"
+typenum = { version = "1.15.0", default-features = false, features = [
+    "no_std",
+] }
+num-traits = "0.2.17"
+derivative = "2.2"
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+ark-srs = { version = "0.3.1" }
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/bytes.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/bytes.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5859c871d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/bytes.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+//! Convenient serialization for binary blobs.
+
+use ark_serialize::{CanonicalDeserialize, CanonicalSerialize};
+use base64::{engine::general_purpose::STANDARD as BASE64, Engine};
+use derive_more::{From, Into};
+use serde::{
+    de::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Error},
+    ser::{Serialize, Serializer},
+};
+use std::{
+    ops::{Deref, DerefMut},
+    slice::SliceIndex,
+};
+
+/// An unstructured byte array with smart serialization.
+///
+/// [`Bytes`] mostly acts as a simple byte array, `Vec<u8>`. It can easily be converted to and from
+/// a `Vec<u8>`, and it implements many of the same traits as [`Vec`]. In fact internally it merely
+/// wraps a `Vec<u8>`.
+///
+/// The only difference is in how it serializes. `Vec<u8>` serializes very efficiently using
+/// `bincode`, but using `serde_json`, it serializes as a JSON array of integers, which is
+/// unconventional and inefficient. It is better, in JSON, to serialize binary data as a
+/// base64-encoded string. [`Bytes`] uses the [`is_human_readable`](Serializer::is_human_readable)
+/// property of a [`Serializer`] to detect whether we are serializing for a compact binary format
+/// (like `bincode`) or a human-readable format (like JSON). In the former cases, it serializes
+/// directly as an array of bytes. In the latter case, it serializes as a string using base 64.
+#[derive(
+    Clone,
+    Debug,
+    Default,
+    PartialEq,
+    Eq,
+    Hash,
+    PartialOrd,
+    Ord,
+    From,
+    Into,
+    CanonicalSerialize,
+    CanonicalDeserialize,
+)]
+pub struct Bytes(Vec<u8>);
+
+impl Bytes {
+    pub fn get<I>(&self, index: I) -> Option<&I::Output>
+    where
+        I: SliceIndex<[u8]>,
+    {
+        self.0.get(index)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Serialize for Bytes {
+    fn serialize<S: Serializer>(&self, s: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error> {
+        if s.is_human_readable() {
+            BASE64.encode(self).serialize(s)
+        } else {
+            self.0.serialize(s)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Deserialize<'a> for Bytes {
+    fn deserialize<D: Deserializer<'a>>(d: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error> {
+        if d.is_human_readable() {
+            Ok(Self(BASE64.decode(String::deserialize(d)?).map_err(
+                |err| D::Error::custom(format!("invalid base64: {err}")),
+            )?))
+        } else {
+            Ok(Self(Vec::deserialize(d)?))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<&[u8]> for Bytes {
+    fn from(bytes: &[u8]) -> Self {
+        Self(bytes.into())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<const N: usize> From<[u8; N]> for Bytes {
+    fn from(bytes: [u8; N]) -> Self {
+        Self(bytes.into())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<const N: usize> From<&[u8; N]> for Bytes {
+    fn from(bytes: &[u8; N]) -> Self {
+        Self((*bytes).into())
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromIterator<u8> for Bytes {
+    fn from_iter<I: IntoIterator<Item = u8>>(iter: I) -> Self {
+        Self(iter.into_iter().collect())
+    }
+}
+
+impl AsRef<[u8]> for Bytes {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        self.0.as_ref()
+    }
+}
+
+impl AsMut<[u8]> for Bytes {
+    fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] {
+        self.0.as_mut()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Deref for Bytes {
+    type Target = [u8];
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        self.as_ref()
+    }
+}
+
+impl DerefMut for Bytes {
+    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] {
+        self.as_mut()
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq<[u8]> for Bytes {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &[u8]) -> bool {
+        self.as_ref() == other
+    }
+}
+
+impl<const N: usize> PartialEq<[u8; N]> for Bytes {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &[u8; N]) -> bool {
+        self.as_ref() == other
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq<Vec<u8>> for Bytes {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Vec<u8>) -> bool {
+        self.0 == *other
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> Extend<T> for Bytes
+where
+    Vec<u8>: Extend<T>,
+{
+    fn extend<I: IntoIterator<Item = T>>(&mut self, iter: I) {
+        self.0.extend(iter);
+    }
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! bytes {
+    [$($elem:expr),* $(,)?] => {
+        $crate::bytes::Bytes::from(vec![$($elem),*])
+    };
+    [$elem:expr; $size:expr] => {
+        $crate::bytes::Bytes::from(vec![$elem; $size])
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/full_payload.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/full_payload.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dba15e03c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/full_payload.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+mod ns_proof;
+mod ns_table;
+mod payload;
+
+pub use ns_proof::NsProof;
+pub use ns_table::{NsIndex, NsTable};
+
+pub use payload::PayloadByteLen;
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/full_payload/ns_proof.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/full_payload/ns_proof.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a263ca935d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/full_payload/ns_proof.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+use crate::hotshot_types::{
+    vid_scheme, LargeRangeProofType, VidCommitment, VidCommon, VidSchemeType,
+};
+use crate::{
+    full_payload::{NsIndex, NsTable, PayloadByteLen},
+    namespace_payload::NsPayloadOwned,
+    NamespaceId, Transaction,
+};
+use jf_vid::{
+    payload_prover::{PayloadProver, Statement},
+    VidScheme,
+};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+/// Proof of correctness for namespace payload bytes in a block.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct NsProof {
+    ns_index: NsIndex,
+    ns_payload: NsPayloadOwned,
+    ns_proof: Option<LargeRangeProofType>, // `None` if ns_payload is empty
+}
+
+impl NsProof {
+    /// Verify a [`NsProof`] against a payload commitment. Returns `None` on
+    /// error or if verification fails.
+    ///
+    /// There is no [`NsPayload`](crate::block::namespace_payload::NsPayload)
+    /// arg because this data is already included in the [`NsProof`]. See
+    /// [`NsProof::new`] for discussion.
+    ///
+    /// If verification is successful then return `(Vec<Transaction>,
+    /// NamespaceId)` obtained by post-processing the underlying
+    /// [`NsPayload`](crate::block::namespace_payload::NsPayload). Why? This
+    /// method might be run by a client in a WASM environment who might be
+    /// running non-Rust code, in which case the client is unable to perform
+    /// this post-processing himself.
+    pub fn verify(
+        &self,
+        ns_table: &NsTable,
+        commit: &VidCommitment,
+        common: &VidCommon,
+    ) -> Option<(Vec<Transaction>, NamespaceId)> {
+        VidSchemeType::is_consistent(commit, common).ok()?;
+        if !ns_table.in_bounds(&self.ns_index) {
+            return None; // error: index out of bounds
+        }
+
+        let range = ns_table
+            .ns_range(&self.ns_index, &PayloadByteLen::from_vid_common(common))
+            .as_block_range();
+
+        match (&self.ns_proof, range.is_empty()) {
+            (Some(proof), false) => {
+                // TODO vid_scheme() arg should be u32 to match get_num_storage_nodes
+                // https://github.com/EspressoSystems/HotShot/issues/3298
+                let vid = vid_scheme(
+                    VidSchemeType::get_num_storage_nodes(common)
+                        .try_into()
+                        .ok()?, // error: failure to convert u32 to usize
+                );
+
+                vid.payload_verify(
+                    Statement {
+                        payload_subslice: self.ns_payload.as_bytes_slice(),
+                        range,
+                        commit,
+                        common,
+                    },
+                    proof,
+                )
+                .ok()? // error: internal to payload_verify()
+                .ok()?; // verification failure
+            }
+            (None, true) => {} // 0-length namespace, nothing to verify
+            (None, false) => {
+                return None;
+            }
+            (Some(_), true) => {
+                return None;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // verification succeeded, return some data
+        let ns_id = ns_table.read_ns_id_unchecked(&self.ns_index);
+        Some((self.ns_payload.export_all_txs(&ns_id), ns_id))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/full_payload/ns_table.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/full_payload/ns_table.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c6fae5ce80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/full_payload/ns_table.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+//! Types related to a namespace table.
+//!
+//! All code that needs to know the binary format of a namespace table is
+//! restricted to this file.
+//!
+//! See [`NsTable`] for a full specification of the binary format of a namespace
+//! table.
+use crate::{
+    full_payload::payload::PayloadByteLen,
+    namespace_payload::NsPayloadRange,
+    uint_bytes::{bytes_serde_impl, u32_from_bytes, usize_from_bytes, usize_to_bytes},
+    NamespaceId,
+};
+use committable::{Commitment, Committable, RawCommitmentBuilder};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
+use std::{collections::HashSet, sync::Arc};
+
+/// Byte lengths for the different items that could appear in a namespace table.
+const NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN: usize = 4;
+const NS_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN: usize = 4;
+
+// TODO prefer [`NS_ID_BYTE_LEN`] set to `8` because [`NamespaceId`] is a `u64`
+// but we need to maintain serialization compatibility.
+// https://github.com/EspressoSystems/espresso-sequencer/issues/1574
+const NS_ID_BYTE_LEN: usize = 4;
+
+/// Raw binary data for a namespace table.
+///
+/// Any sequence of bytes is a valid [`NsTable`].
+///
+/// # Binary format of a namespace table
+///
+/// Byte lengths for the different items that could appear in a namespace table
+/// are specified in local private constants [`NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN`],
+/// [`NS_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN`], [`NS_ID_BYTE_LEN`].
+///
+/// ## Number of entries in the namespace table
+///
+/// The first [`NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN`] bytes of the namespace table indicate the
+/// number `n` of entries in the table as a little-endian unsigned integer. If
+/// the entire table length is smaller than [`NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN`] then the
+/// missing bytes are zero-padded.
+///
+/// The bytes in the namespace table beyond the first [`NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN`] bytes
+/// encode table entries. Each entry consumes exactly [`NS_ID_BYTE_LEN`] `+`
+/// [`NS_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN`] bytes.
+///
+/// The number `n` could be anything, including a number much larger than the
+/// number of entries that could fit in the namespace table. As such, the actual
+/// number of entries in the table is defined as the minimum of `n` and the
+/// maximum number of whole entries that could fit in the table.
+///
+/// See [`Self::in_bounds`] for clarification.
+///
+/// ## Namespace table entry
+///
+/// ### Namespace ID
+///
+/// The first [`NS_ID_BYTE_LEN`] bytes of each table entry indicate the
+/// [`NamespaceId`] for this namespace. Any table entry whose [`NamespaceId`] is
+/// a duplicate of a previous entry is ignored. A correct count of the number of
+/// *unique* (non-ignored) entries is given by `NsTable::iter().count()`.
+///
+/// ### Namespace offset
+///
+/// The next [`NS_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN`] bytes of each table entry indicate the
+/// end-index of a namespace in the block payload bytes
+/// [`Payload`](super::payload::Payload). This end-index is a little-endian
+/// unsigned integer.
+///
+/// # How to deduce a namespace's byte range
+///
+/// In order to extract the payload bytes of a single namespace `N` from the
+/// block payload one needs both the start- and end-indices for `N`.
+///
+/// See [`Self::ns_range`] for clarification. What follows is a description of
+/// what's implemented in [`Self::ns_range`].
+///
+/// If `N` occupies the `i`th entry in the namespace table for `i>0` then the
+/// start-index for `N` is defined as the end-index of the `(i-1)`th entry in
+/// the table.
+///
+/// Even if the `(i-1)`the entry would otherwise be ignored (due to a duplicate
+/// [`NamespaceId`] or any other reason), that entry's end-index still defines
+/// the start-index of `N`. This rule guarantees that both start- and
+/// end-indices for any namespace `N` can be read from a constant-size byte
+/// range in the namespace table, and it eliminates the need to traverse an
+/// unbounded number of previous entries of the namespace table looking for a
+/// previous non-ignored entry.
+///
+/// The start-index of the 0th entry in the table is implicitly defined to be
+/// `0`.
+///
+/// The start- and end-indices `(declared_start, declared_end)` declared in the
+/// namespace table could be anything. As such, the actual start- and
+/// end-indices `(start, end)` are defined so as to ensure that the byte range
+/// is well-defined and in-bounds for the block payload:
+/// ```ignore
+/// end = min(declared_end, block_payload_byte_length)
+/// start = min(declared_start, end)
+/// ```
+///
+/// In a "honestly-prepared" namespace table the end-index of the final
+/// namespace equals the byte length of the block payload. (Otherwise the block
+/// payload might have bytes that are not included in any namespace.)
+///
+/// It is possible that a namespace table could indicate two distinct namespaces
+/// whose byte ranges overlap, though no "honestly-prepared" namespace table
+/// would do this.
+///
+/// TODO prefer [`NsTable`] to be a newtype like this
+/// ```ignore
+/// #[repr(transparent)]
+/// #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Deserialize, Eq, Hash, PartialEq, Serialize)]
+/// #[serde(transparent)]
+/// pub struct NsTable(#[serde(with = "base64_bytes")] Vec<u8>);
+/// ```
+/// but we need to maintain serialization compatibility.
+/// <https://github.com/EspressoSystems/espresso-sequencer/issues/1575>
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Deserialize, Eq, Hash, PartialEq, Serialize)]
+pub struct NsTable {
+    #[serde(with = "base64_bytes")]
+    pub bytes: Vec<u8>,
+}
+
+impl NsTable {
+    /// Search the namespace table for the ns_index belonging to `ns_id`.
+    pub fn find_ns_id(&self, ns_id: &NamespaceId) -> Option<NsIndex> {
+        self.iter()
+            .find(|index| self.read_ns_id_unchecked(index) == *ns_id)
+    }
+
+    /// Iterator over all unique namespaces in the namespace table.
+    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = NsIndex> + '_ {
+        NsIter::new(self)
+    }
+
+    /// Read the namespace id from the `index`th entry from the namespace table.
+    /// Returns `None` if `index` is out of bounds.
+    ///
+    /// TODO I want to restrict visibility to `pub(crate)` or lower but this
+    /// method is currently used in `nasty-client`.
+    pub fn read_ns_id(&self, index: &NsIndex) -> Option<NamespaceId> {
+        if !self.in_bounds(index) {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(self.read_ns_id_unchecked(index))
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Like [`Self::read_ns_id`] except `index` is not checked. Use [`Self::in_bounds`] as needed.
+    pub fn read_ns_id_unchecked(&self, index: &NsIndex) -> NamespaceId {
+        let start = index.0 * (NS_ID_BYTE_LEN + NS_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN) + NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN;
+
+        // TODO hack to deserialize `NamespaceId` from `NS_ID_BYTE_LEN` bytes
+        // https://github.com/EspressoSystems/espresso-sequencer/issues/1574
+        NamespaceId::from(u32_from_bytes::<NS_ID_BYTE_LEN>(
+            &self.bytes[start..start + NS_ID_BYTE_LEN],
+        ))
+    }
+
+    /// Does the `index`th entry exist in the namespace table?
+    pub fn in_bounds(&self, index: &NsIndex) -> bool {
+        // The number of entries in the namespace table, including all duplicate
+        // namespace IDs.
+        let num_nss_with_duplicates = std::cmp::min(
+            // Number of namespaces declared in the ns table
+            self.read_num_nss(),
+            // Max number of entries that could fit in the namespace table
+            self.bytes.len().saturating_sub(NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN)
+                / NS_ID_BYTE_LEN.saturating_add(NS_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN),
+        );
+
+        index.0 < num_nss_with_duplicates
+    }
+
+    // CRATE-VISIBLE HELPERS START HERE
+
+    /// Read subslice range for the `index`th namespace from the namespace
+    /// table.
+    pub fn ns_range(&self, index: &NsIndex, payload_byte_len: &PayloadByteLen) -> NsPayloadRange {
+        let end = self.read_ns_offset(index).min(payload_byte_len.as_usize());
+        let start = if index.0 == 0 {
+            0
+        } else {
+            self.read_ns_offset(&NsIndex(index.0 - 1))
+        }
+        .min(end);
+        NsPayloadRange::new(start, end)
+    }
+
+    // PRIVATE HELPERS START HERE
+
+    /// Read the number of namespaces declared in the namespace table. This
+    /// quantity might exceed the number of entries that could fit in the
+    /// namespace table.
+    ///
+    /// For a correct count of the number of unique namespaces in this
+    /// namespace table use `iter().count()`.
+    fn read_num_nss(&self) -> usize {
+        let num_nss_byte_len = NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN.min(self.bytes.len());
+        usize_from_bytes::<NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN>(&self.bytes[..num_nss_byte_len])
+    }
+
+    /// Read the namespace offset from the `index`th entry from the namespace table.
+    fn read_ns_offset(&self, index: &NsIndex) -> usize {
+        let start =
+            index.0 * (NS_ID_BYTE_LEN + NS_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN) + NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN + NS_ID_BYTE_LEN;
+        usize_from_bytes::<NS_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN>(&self.bytes[start..start + NS_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN])
+    }
+
+    pub fn encode(&self) -> Arc<[u8]> {
+        Arc::from(self.bytes.as_ref())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Committable for NsTable {
+    fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<Self> {
+        RawCommitmentBuilder::new(&Self::tag())
+            .var_size_bytes(&self.bytes)
+            .finalize()
+    }
+
+    fn tag() -> String {
+        "NSTABLE".into()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Index for an entry in a ns table.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
+pub struct NsIndex(usize);
+bytes_serde_impl!(NsIndex, to_bytes, [u8; NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN], from_bytes);
+
+impl NsIndex {
+    pub fn to_bytes(&self) -> [u8; NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN] {
+        usize_to_bytes::<NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN>(self.0)
+    }
+    fn from_bytes(bytes: &[u8]) -> Self {
+        Self(usize_from_bytes::<NUM_NSS_BYTE_LEN>(bytes))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Return type for [`Payload::ns_iter`].
+pub struct NsIter<'a> {
+    cur_index: usize,
+    repeat_nss: HashSet<NamespaceId>,
+    ns_table: &'a NsTable,
+}
+
+impl<'a> NsIter<'a> {
+    pub fn new(ns_table: &'a NsTable) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            cur_index: 0,
+            repeat_nss: HashSet::new(),
+            ns_table,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Iterator for NsIter<'a> {
+    type Item = NsIndex;
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        loop {
+            let candidate_result = NsIndex(self.cur_index);
+            let ns_id = self.ns_table.read_ns_id(&candidate_result)?;
+            self.cur_index += 1;
+
+            // skip duplicate namespace IDs
+            if !self.repeat_nss.insert(ns_id) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            break Some(candidate_result);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/full_payload/payload.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/full_payload/payload.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..43080bc60c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/full_payload/payload.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+use crate::full_payload::ns_table::NsTable;
+use crate::hotshot_types::{VidCommon, VidSchemeType};
+use jf_vid::VidScheme;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::fmt::Display;
+
+/// Raw payload data for an entire block.
+///
+/// A block consists of two sequences of arbitrary bytes:
+/// - `ns_table`: namespace table
+/// - `ns_payloads`: namespace payloads
+///
+/// Any sequence of bytes is a valid `ns_table`. Any sequence of bytes is a
+/// valid `ns_payloads`. The contents of `ns_table` determine how to interpret
+/// `ns_payload`.
+///
+/// # Namespace table
+///
+/// See [`NsTable`] for the format of a namespace table.
+///
+/// # Namespace payloads
+///
+/// A concatenation of payload bytes for multiple individual namespaces.
+/// Namespace boundaries are dictated by `ns_table`. See [`NsPayload`] for the
+/// format of a namespace payload.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Eq, Hash, PartialEq, Serialize)]
+pub struct Payload {
+    // Concatenated payload bytes for each namespace
+    #[serde(with = "base64_bytes")]
+    ns_payloads: Vec<u8>,
+
+    ns_table: NsTable,
+}
+
+impl Display for Payload {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{self:#?}")
+    }
+}
+
+/// Byte length of a block payload, which includes all namespaces but *not* the
+/// namespace table.
+pub struct PayloadByteLen(usize);
+
+impl PayloadByteLen {
+    /// Extract payload byte length from a [`VidCommon`] and construct a new [`Self`] from it.
+    pub fn from_vid_common(common: &VidCommon) -> Self {
+        Self(usize::try_from(VidSchemeType::get_payload_byte_len(common)).unwrap())
+    }
+
+    /// Is the payload byte length declared in a [`VidCommon`] equal [`Self`]?
+    pub fn is_consistent(&self, common: &VidCommon) -> Result<(), ()> {
+        // failure to convert to usize implies that `common` cannot be
+        // consistent with `self`.
+        let expected =
+            usize::try_from(VidSchemeType::get_payload_byte_len(common)).map_err(|_| ())?;
+
+        (self.0 == expected).then_some(()).ok_or(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_usize(&self) -> usize {
+        self.0
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/hotshot_types.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/hotshot_types.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ee3bcfc81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/hotshot_types.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+use committable::{Commitment, Committable, RawCommitmentBuilder};
+use std::ops::Range;
+use tagged_base64::tagged;
+
+use ark_bn254::Bn254;
+use ark_serialize::{CanonicalDeserialize, CanonicalSerialize};
+use digest::OutputSizeUser;
+use jf_pcs::{
+    prelude::UnivariateUniversalParams, univariate_kzg::UnivariateKzgPCS,
+    PolynomialCommitmentScheme,
+};
+use jf_vid::advz::payload_prover::{LargeRangeProof, SmallRangeProof};
+use jf_vid::{
+    advz,
+    payload_prover::{PayloadProver, Statement},
+    precomputable::Precomputable,
+    VidDisperse, VidResult, VidScheme,
+};
+use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use sha2::Sha256;
+use typenum::Unsigned;
+
+/// Private type alias for the EC pairing type parameter for [`Advz`].
+type E = Bn254;
+/// Private type alias for the hash type parameter for [`Advz`].
+type H = Sha256;
+
+type Advz = advz::Advz<E, H>;
+
+pub type VidCommitment = <VidSchemeType as VidScheme>::Commit;
+pub type VidCommon = <VidSchemeType as VidScheme>::Common;
+type Sha256Digest = [u8; <sha2::Sha256 as OutputSizeUser>::OutputSize::USIZE];
+
+#[tagged("BUILDER_COMMITMENT")]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, CanonicalDeserialize, CanonicalSerialize)]
+/// Commitment that builders use to sign block options.
+/// A thin wrapper around a Sha256 digest.
+pub struct BuilderCommitment(Sha256Digest);
+
+impl AsRef<Sha256Digest> for BuilderCommitment {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &Sha256Digest {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}
+
+/// Type-safe wrapper around `u64` so we know the thing we're talking about is a view number.
+#[derive(
+    Copy,
+    Clone,
+    Debug,
+    PartialEq,
+    Eq,
+    PartialOrd,
+    Ord,
+    Hash,
+    Serialize,
+    Deserialize,
+    CanonicalSerialize,
+    CanonicalDeserialize,
+)]
+pub struct ViewNumber(pub u64);
+
+impl Committable for ViewNumber {
+    fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<Self> {
+        let builder = RawCommitmentBuilder::new("View Number Commitment");
+        builder.u64(self.0).finalize()
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct VidSchemeType(Advz);
+
+impl VidScheme for VidSchemeType {
+    type Commit = <Advz as VidScheme>::Commit;
+    type Share = <Advz as VidScheme>::Share;
+    type Common = <Advz as VidScheme>::Common;
+
+    fn commit_only<B>(&mut self, payload: B) -> VidResult<Self::Commit>
+    where
+        B: AsRef<[u8]>,
+    {
+        self.0.commit_only(payload)
+    }
+
+    fn disperse<B>(&mut self, payload: B) -> VidResult<VidDisperse<Self>>
+    where
+        B: AsRef<[u8]>,
+    {
+        self.0.disperse(payload).map(vid_disperse_conversion)
+    }
+
+    fn verify_share(
+        &self,
+        share: &Self::Share,
+        common: &Self::Common,
+        commit: &Self::Commit,
+    ) -> VidResult<Result<(), ()>> {
+        self.0.verify_share(share, common, commit)
+    }
+
+    fn recover_payload(&self, shares: &[Self::Share], common: &Self::Common) -> VidResult<Vec<u8>> {
+        self.0.recover_payload(shares, common)
+    }
+
+    fn is_consistent(commit: &Self::Commit, common: &Self::Common) -> VidResult<()> {
+        <Advz as VidScheme>::is_consistent(commit, common)
+    }
+
+    fn get_payload_byte_len(common: &Self::Common) -> u32 {
+        <Advz as VidScheme>::get_payload_byte_len(common)
+    }
+
+    fn get_num_storage_nodes(common: &Self::Common) -> u32 {
+        <Advz as VidScheme>::get_num_storage_nodes(common)
+    }
+
+    fn get_multiplicity(common: &Self::Common) -> u32 {
+        <Advz as VidScheme>::get_multiplicity(common)
+    }
+}
+
+impl PayloadProver<SmallRangeProofType> for VidSchemeType {
+    fn payload_proof<B>(&self, payload: B, range: Range<usize>) -> VidResult<SmallRangeProofType>
+    where
+        B: AsRef<[u8]>,
+    {
+        self.0
+            .payload_proof(payload, range)
+            .map(SmallRangeProofType)
+    }
+
+    fn payload_verify(
+        &self,
+        stmt: Statement<'_, Self>,
+        proof: &SmallRangeProofType,
+    ) -> VidResult<Result<(), ()>> {
+        self.0.payload_verify(stmt_conversion(stmt), &proof.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl PayloadProver<LargeRangeProofType> for VidSchemeType {
+    fn payload_proof<B>(&self, payload: B, range: Range<usize>) -> VidResult<LargeRangeProofType>
+    where
+        B: AsRef<[u8]>,
+    {
+        self.0
+            .payload_proof(payload, range)
+            .map(LargeRangeProofType)
+    }
+
+    fn payload_verify(
+        &self,
+        stmt: Statement<'_, Self>,
+        proof: &LargeRangeProofType,
+    ) -> VidResult<Result<(), ()>> {
+        self.0.payload_verify(stmt_conversion(stmt), &proof.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Precomputable for VidSchemeType {
+    type PrecomputeData = <Advz as Precomputable>::PrecomputeData;
+
+    fn commit_only_precompute<B>(
+        &self,
+        payload: B,
+    ) -> VidResult<(Self::Commit, Self::PrecomputeData)>
+    where
+        B: AsRef<[u8]>,
+    {
+        self.0.commit_only_precompute(payload)
+    }
+
+    fn disperse_precompute<B>(
+        &self,
+        payload: B,
+        data: &Self::PrecomputeData,
+    ) -> VidResult<VidDisperse<Self>>
+    where
+        B: AsRef<[u8]>,
+    {
+        self.0
+            .disperse_precompute(payload, data)
+            .map(vid_disperse_conversion)
+    }
+}
+
+lazy_static! {
+    // Initialize the byte array from JSON content
+    pub static ref KZG_SRS: UnivariateUniversalParams<Bn254> = {
+        let json_content = include_str!("../vid_srs.json");
+        let s: Vec<u8> = serde_json::from_str(json_content).expect("Failed to deserialize");
+        UnivariateUniversalParams::<Bn254>::deserialize_uncompressed_unchecked(s.as_slice())
+        .unwrap()
+    };
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct LargeRangeProofType(
+    // # Type complexity
+    //
+    // Jellyfish's `LargeRangeProof` type has a prime field generic parameter `F`.
+    // This `F` is determined by the type parameter `E` for `Advz`.
+    // Jellyfish needs a more ergonomic way for downstream users to refer to this type.
+    //
+    // There is a `KzgEval` type alias in jellyfish that helps a little, but it's currently private:
+    // <https://github.com/EspressoSystems/jellyfish/issues/423>
+    // If it were public then we could instead use
+    // `LargeRangeProof<KzgEval<E>>`
+    // but that's still pretty crufty.
+    LargeRangeProof<<UnivariateKzgPCS<E> as PolynomialCommitmentScheme>::Evaluation>,
+);
+
+/// Newtype wrapper for a small payload range proof.
+///
+/// Useful for transaction proofs.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct SmallRangeProofType(
+    // # Type complexity
+    //
+    // Similar to the comments in `LargeRangeProofType`.
+    SmallRangeProof<<UnivariateKzgPCS<E> as PolynomialCommitmentScheme>::Proof>,
+);
+
+#[must_use]
+pub fn vid_scheme(num_storage_nodes: usize) -> VidSchemeType {
+    // recovery_threshold is currently num_storage_nodes rounded down to a power of two
+    // TODO recovery_threshold should be a function of the desired erasure code rate
+    // https://github.com/EspressoSystems/HotShot/issues/2152
+    let recovery_threshold = 1 << num_storage_nodes.ilog2();
+
+    #[allow(clippy::panic)]
+    let num_storage_nodes = u32::try_from(num_storage_nodes).unwrap_or_else(|err| {
+        panic!(
+            "num_storage_nodes {num_storage_nodes} should fit into u32; \
+                error: {err}"
+        )
+    });
+
+    // TODO panic, return `Result`, or make `new` infallible upstream (eg. by panicking)?
+    #[allow(clippy::panic)]
+    VidSchemeType(
+        Advz::new(num_storage_nodes, recovery_threshold, &*KZG_SRS).unwrap_or_else(|err| {
+              panic!("advz construction failure: (num_storage nodes,recovery_threshold)=({num_storage_nodes},{recovery_threshold}); \
+                      error: {err}")
+        })
+    )
+}
+
+fn stmt_conversion(stmt: Statement<'_, VidSchemeType>) -> Statement<'_, Advz> {
+    Statement {
+        payload_subslice: stmt.payload_subslice,
+        range: stmt.range,
+        commit: stmt.commit,
+        common: stmt.common,
+    }
+}
+
+fn vid_disperse_conversion(vid_disperse: VidDisperse<Advz>) -> VidDisperse<VidSchemeType> {
+    VidDisperse {
+        shares: vid_disperse.shares,
+        common: vid_disperse.common,
+        commit: vid_disperse.commit,
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/lib.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c691e64f1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+mod bytes;
+mod full_payload;
+mod hotshot_types;
+mod namespace_payload;
+mod sequencer_data_structures;
+mod uint_bytes;
+mod utils;
+mod v0_3;
+
+use ark_ff::PrimeField;
+use ark_serialize::{CanonicalDeserialize, CanonicalSerialize};
+use committable::{Commitment, Committable};
+use ethers_core::types::U256;
+use full_payload::{NsProof, NsTable};
+use hotshot_types::{VidCommitment, VidCommon};
+use jf_crhf::CRHF;
+use jf_merkle_tree::prelude::{
+    MerkleCommitment, MerkleNode, MerkleProof, MerkleTreeScheme, Sha3Node,
+};
+use jf_rescue::{crhf::VariableLengthRescueCRHF, RescueError};
+use sequencer_data_structures::{
+    field_to_u256, BlockMerkleCommitment, BlockMerkleTree, Header, Transaction,
+};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};
+use tagged_base64::TaggedBase64;
+
+#[derive(
+    Clone,
+    Copy,
+    Debug,
+    PartialEq,
+    Eq,
+    Hash,
+    Default,
+    CanonicalDeserialize,
+    CanonicalSerialize,
+    PartialOrd,
+    Ord,
+    Serialize,
+    Deserialize,
+)]
+pub struct NamespaceId(u64);
+
+impl From<NamespaceId> for u32 {
+    fn from(value: NamespaceId) -> Self {
+        value.0 as Self
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<u32> for NamespaceId {
+    fn from(value: u32) -> Self {
+        Self(value as u64)
+    }
+}
+
+// pub type VidScheme = Advz<Bn254, sha2::Sha256>;
+pub type Proof = Vec<MerkleNode<Commitment<Header>, u64, Sha3Node>>;
+pub type CircuitField = ark_ed_on_bn254::Fq;
+
+// Helper function to verify a block merkle proof.
+// proof_bytes: Byte representation of a block merkle proof.
+// root_bytes: Byte representation of a Sha3Node merkle root.
+// header_bytes: Byte representation of the HotShot header being validated as a Merkle leaf.
+// circuit_block_bytes: Circuit representation of the HotShot header commitment returned by the light client contract.
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "C" fn verify_merkle_proof_helper(
+    proof_ptr: *const u8,
+    proof_len: usize,
+    header_ptr: *const u8,
+    header_len: usize,
+    block_comm_ptr: *const u8,
+    block_comm_len: usize,
+    circuit_block_ptr: *const u8,
+    circuit_block_len: usize,
+) -> bool {
+    let proof_bytes = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(proof_ptr, proof_len) };
+    let header_bytes = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(header_ptr, header_len) };
+    let block_comm_bytes = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(block_comm_ptr, block_comm_len) };
+    let circuit_block_bytes =
+        unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(circuit_block_ptr, circuit_block_len) };
+
+    let proof_str = std::str::from_utf8(proof_bytes).unwrap();
+    let header_str = std::str::from_utf8(header_bytes).unwrap();
+    let block_comm_str = std::str::from_utf8(block_comm_bytes).unwrap();
+    let tagged = TaggedBase64::parse(&block_comm_str).unwrap();
+    let block_comm: BlockMerkleCommitment = tagged.try_into().unwrap();
+
+    let proof: Proof = serde_json::from_str(proof_str).unwrap();
+    let header: Header = serde_json::from_str(header_str).unwrap();
+    let header_comm: Commitment<Header> = header.commit();
+
+    let proof = MerkleProof::new(header.height(), proof.to_vec());
+    let proved_comm = proof.elem().unwrap().clone();
+    BlockMerkleTree::verify(block_comm.digest(), header.height(), proof)
+        .unwrap()
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let mut block_comm_root_bytes = vec![];
+    block_comm
+        .serialize_compressed(&mut block_comm_root_bytes)
+        .unwrap();
+    let field_bytes = hash_bytes_to_field(&block_comm_root_bytes).unwrap();
+    let local_block_comm_u256 = field_to_u256(field_bytes);
+    let circuit_block_comm_u256 = U256::from_little_endian(circuit_block_bytes);
+
+    //assert!(proved_comm == header_comm);
+    //assert!(local_block_comm_u256 == circuit_block_comm_u256);
+
+    if (proved_comm == header_comm) && (local_block_comm_u256 == circuit_block_comm_u256) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+// Helper function to verify a VID namespace proof that takes the byte representations of the proof,
+// namespace table, and commitment string.
+//
+// proof_bytes: Byte representation of a JSON NamespaceProof string.
+// commit_bytes: Byte representation of a TaggedBase64 payload commitment string.
+// ns_table_bytes: Raw bytes of the namespace table.
+// tx_comm_bytes: Byte representation of a hex encoded Sha256 digest that the transaction set commits to.
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "C" fn verify_namespace_helper(
+    namespace: u64,
+    proof_ptr: *const u8,
+    proof_len: usize,
+    commit_ptr: *const u8,
+    commit_len: usize,
+    ns_table_ptr: *const u8,
+    ns_table_len: usize,
+    tx_comm_ptr: *const u8,
+    tx_comm_len: usize,
+    common_data_ptr: *const u8,
+    common_data_len: usize,
+) -> bool {
+    let ns_table_bytes = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(ns_table_ptr, ns_table_len) };
+    let proof_bytes = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(proof_ptr, proof_len) };
+    let commit_bytes = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(commit_ptr, commit_len) };
+    let tx_comm_bytes = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(tx_comm_ptr, tx_comm_len) };
+    let common_data_bytes = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(common_data_ptr, common_data_len) };
+
+    let proof_str = std::str::from_utf8(proof_bytes).unwrap();
+    let commit_str = std::str::from_utf8(commit_bytes).unwrap();
+    let txn_comm_str = std::str::from_utf8(tx_comm_bytes).unwrap();
+    let common_data_str = std::str::from_utf8(common_data_bytes).unwrap();
+
+    let proof: NsProof = serde_json::from_str(proof_str).unwrap();
+    let ns_table: NsTable = NsTable {
+        bytes: ns_table_bytes.to_vec(),
+    };
+    let tagged = TaggedBase64::parse(&commit_str).unwrap();
+    let commit: VidCommitment = tagged.try_into().unwrap();
+    let vid_common: VidCommon = serde_json::from_str(common_data_str).unwrap();
+
+    let (txns, ns) = proof.verify(&ns_table, &commit, &vid_common).unwrap();
+
+    let namespace: u32 = namespace.try_into().unwrap();
+    let txns_comm = hash_txns(namespace, &txns);
+
+    //assert!(ns == namespace.into());
+    //assert!(txns_comm == txn_comm_str);
+    if (ns == namespace.into()) && (txns_comm == txn_comm_str) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+// TODO: Use Commit trait: https://github.com/EspressoSystems/nitro-espresso-integration/issues/88
+fn hash_txns(namespace: u32, txns: &[Transaction]) -> String {
+    let mut hasher = Sha256::new();
+    hasher.update(namespace.to_le_bytes());
+    for txn in txns {
+        hasher.update(&txn.payload);
+    }
+    let hash_result = hasher.finalize();
+    format!("{:x}", hash_result)
+}
+
+fn hash_bytes_to_field(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<CircuitField, RescueError> {
+    // make sure that `mod_order` won't happen.
+    let bytes_len = ((<CircuitField as PrimeField>::MODULUS_BIT_SIZE + 7) / 8 - 1) as usize;
+    let elem = bytes
+        .chunks(bytes_len)
+        .map(CircuitField::from_le_bytes_mod_order)
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    Ok(VariableLengthRescueCRHF::<_, 1>::evaluate(elem)?[0])
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/mock_data/header.json b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/mock_data/header.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78ffc95fbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/mock_data/header.json
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+{
+    "block_merkle_tree_root": "MERKLE_COMM~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQA",
+    "builder_commitment": "BUILDER_COMMITMENT~PfISPEAHYbCXqJ08RqlK74d9aSrtrZkKHdnoX7crymG5",
+    "builder_signature": {
+        "r": "0xca39647d5e159ebf62e0efd163ddb2b7946f437948e6c31accdb5360a9f2da17",
+        "s": "0x610e51dced89ede20e3dcc5e9e26fff580738e785371df53389f2f84dadbdb87",
+        "v": 28
+    },
+    "chain_config": {
+        "chain_config": {
+            "Left": {
+                "base_fee": "0",
+                "chain_id": "35353",
+                "fee_contract": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+                "fee_recipient": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+                "max_block_size": "10240"
+            }
+        }
+    },
+    "fee_info": {
+        "account": "0xf39fd6e51aad88f6f4ce6ab8827279cfffb92266",
+        "amount": "0"
+    },
+    "fee_merkle_tree_root": "MERKLE_COMM~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAKA",
+    "height": 42,
+    "l1_finalized": {
+        "hash": "0x0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef",
+        "number": 123,
+        "timestamp": "0x456"
+    },
+    "l1_head": 124,
+    "ns_table": {
+        "bytes": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA"
+    },
+    "payload_commitment": "HASH~AazstQer_ho1SqgGT0r10_Gs0BnjfbPBHJdSO3HHbp29",
+    "timestamp": 789
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/mock_data/test_header.json b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/mock_data/test_header.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6def47976b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/mock_data/test_header.json
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+{
+  "chain_config": {
+    "chain_config": {
+      "Right": "CHAIN_CONFIG~E_LT4O8oRs3FoSL7pVT1iVaN9Y2XAHNYnKmJuHcz2mXE"
+    }
+  },
+  "height": 1,
+  "timestamp": 1714012810,
+  "l1_head": 40,
+  "l1_finalized": {
+    "number": 32,
+    "timestamp": "0x6629c282",
+    "hash": "0x086c2d889dfc549acffa6ecd53b4df088e770ac87e26e3726d09f849c17db536"
+  },
+  "payload_commitment": "HASH~CcLCyX4_jMHMT_UXK_FsGF8Shvw7pgFj5Og2mjW2y7ao",
+  "builder_commitment": "BUILDER_COMMITMENT~qfiL_spBvy7D19-v1bjtjhB_Yg1oH84s5xE1A5YgMn42",
+  "ns_table": {
+    "bytes": "CgAAABgnAACUCAAAGScAAG4TAAASJwAAcx4AABQnAADQIgAAECcAAOAmAAAWJwAARy8AABMnAABTLwAAEScAALsyAAAXJwAATjoAABonAAAJRQAA"
+  },
+  "block_merkle_tree_root": "MERKLE_COMM~Y9ufYrqN9PnWxV7sGibwrfdNKXkgGzmL2TZDrLZgo1AgAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAJA",
+  "fee_merkle_tree_root": "MERKLE_COMM~bYMmugVZtniEfwFcBGTEbMpBnkPHHWmt8YAW5ygWSKAUAAAAAAAAAAYAAAAAAAAAvQ",
+  "builder_signature": {
+    "r": "0x95824a15bb9e854bfbbab2b4ea27c82102078691281b1dc24fb5d63bb2deb663",
+    "s": "0x4419db237be39bfc44cb37f2f69ed78cd1709fe4b01ec15c0bbd08ddd309d7b8",
+    "v": 27
+  },
+  "fee_info": {
+    "account": "0xdf3e18d64bc6a983f673ab319ccae4f1a57c7097",
+    "amount": "0"
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/mock_data/test_merkle_path.json b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/mock_data/test_merkle_path.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5e2bf3a4c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/mock_data/test_merkle_path.json
@@ -0,0 +1,461 @@
+[
+    {
+        "Leaf": {
+            "value": "FIELD~6VQrizdRaPzfmROuCvnc0QOwBdhcwKY_3EPHynjDyILQ",
+            "pos": "FIELD~AQAAAAAAAADo",
+            "elem": "FIELD~RSru5Twf7bIO0OjFSgP51vzmoK0F-8hRzT2PupCj0tMI"
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~xscaz6FruKxsBoKEACvNF1wnTW6V0rH0j29ig-bAbUwd"
+                    }
+                },
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~6VQrizdRaPzfmROuCvnc0QOwBdhcwKY_3EPHynjDyILQ"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~pQJi6QyIJsBp2QjXewKEnmX69AlAUDcJn91qDQOBu0d5"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~xVk0KVx9gGlqJezxTFWJb5VY0W5HR0fGOpU4jA7jCZZK"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~gl-2rVZixvayTCL9oF_JqaGLaa_wE_mbFOqFZjqPCzZA"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~xL0xIv0h68mYL11kWao6rYmSTEWi3fRbyQWHfPyEn_iE"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~h-cXbgHjUsA5UdjCKElfotbH_sFojDsr-Yi1OCZfJqt6"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~5szgmqzQUFqVqv-KMC23Lge1V4VX283P7AL4TzccF7Nj"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~sFf1-LCN8CKAqF1_qiJtg_2C8vUQ4Hsqc234C4114Fcv"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~oSrlsy2v9cJ-JSq2S5C-vFmLLhU65TwQ3NCyfbYdtqT6"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~0peohqKgYojAT6KNF1bBsRNmlygaKQzLaw07j6Z2PMRv"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~z9CXaMo00duLJpu-oy9wRt3E8CO1pous0G8cF9RaK9H7"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~jta1zsZ3wwspHq6kPdlLJnUuq6OZLQXfpVcTBFIwrP33"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~M_1B3DZvnKF-pCIWkA1EPaAJ9fbKvXATbuVKfFaViMUR"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~FvTrLXCDsQsXcSaw0dXXI6IGZvgERzlICbYOrIg9HDc5"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~i5GrTe_LAyQ-l9xC1-Z8PNRVGLQlvtlOXkDPXsC8uPzS"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~hflM-xcou4mbpNssmyi0psXcmLsdKHYbNIsOUwfq-kX9"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~k8zu7RN20jkn1HZhC8rZs4Blg4m4ot2UHYOKPFqVsrmv"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~aVOpFFV-GDvlEMuccVQs58g5OLC1Yh8m6mjRwRVWKZ-i"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~qsrtaYOIFWg45Xm9Gjy8a9OdjIn4lKv3RSN3AtxBsik0"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~7xmzCbMCAbgamlgx05_WjSlxB477ITa-pZb2bL2raPYH"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~SOiYDaqzZK2_F6Gf9lTzhVG_4StGIRSPIBiMFhe-RQG1"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~TSDISEgvVqX6tmEkvDtvH-fYVIPdA7XuQ2MwotMdzArQ"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~lMFy8dCVMzxI1ZW1mzrHRlTw3tMwAbGKROTYwEMLwSkA"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~pgXvTrhjfZeoviD2eaU2V2Fw_ChA2wX8kcQo0957y389"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~FjM7j4P8ceGWUnHI6Yj6HBfJKund6Ydpp9cjoC3j1a8P"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~YK-KU5izKQQesnWJ-e_0BDqlHQRcU_SF7GHF7W0KRK01"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~TClCNKKoFWIqeb0vgib8Ec0b6rZuYspnsfpuss8qRgqA"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~d2r9j_P8ej-NZioHkgplpNr2e8cIWqUUvdTHV5LSimuL"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~7f4ZkitmDas3uutCpjF7KBKWIugwSM9lCfw0UOaIV2er"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~Atx2Q-bXGa4dUQ2z3vf5TDixMjTyHelLEwdCoNu-cXjr"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~YJRraa2xh7phTgoIDWDxN5UVIYRpUlQy_FhhCHrsPKqX"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "Branch": {
+            "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "ForgettenSubtree": {
+                        "value": "FIELD~Y-tbmH2qO7bCByGa0XidyQJKeC1-ZYrtnn_AIPEzTnBW"
+                    }
+                },
+                "Empty",
+                "Empty"
+            ]
+        }
+    }
+]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..222cabc3ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+mod iter;
+mod ns_payload;
+mod ns_payload_range;
+mod tx_proof;
+mod types;
+
+pub use ns_payload::NsPayloadOwned;
+pub use ns_payload_range::NsPayloadRange;
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/iter.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/iter.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..572e2c518d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/iter.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+use crate::{full_payload::NsIndex, namespace_payload::types::TxIndex};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct Index {
+    ns_index: NsIndex,
+    tx_index: TxIndex,
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/ns_payload.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/ns_payload.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..77dd322a4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/ns_payload.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+use crate::{
+    namespace_payload::types::{
+        FromNsPayloadBytes, NsPayloadByteLen, NsPayloadBytesRange, NumTxs, NumTxsRange,
+        NumTxsUnchecked, TxIndex, TxIter, TxPayloadRange, TxTableEntriesRange,
+    },
+    NamespaceId, Transaction,
+};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+/// Raw binary data for a single namespace's payload.
+///
+/// Any sequence of bytes is a valid [`NsPayload`].
+///
+/// See module-level documentation [`types`](super::types) for a full
+/// specification of the binary format of a namespace.
+pub struct NsPayload([u8]);
+
+impl NsPayload {
+    pub fn as_bytes_slice(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        &self.0
+    }
+    pub fn byte_len(&self) -> NsPayloadByteLen {
+        NsPayloadByteLen::from_usize(self.0.len())
+    }
+
+    /// Read and parse bytes from the ns payload.
+    ///
+    /// Arg `range: &R` is convertible into a `Range<usize>` via
+    /// [`NsPayloadBytesRange`]. The payload bytes are parsed into a `R::Output`
+    /// via [`FromNsPayloadBytes`].
+    pub fn read<'a, R>(&'a self, range: &R) -> R::Output
+    where
+        R: NsPayloadBytesRange<'a>,
+    {
+        <R::Output as FromNsPayloadBytes<'a>>::from_payload_bytes(&self.0[range.ns_payload_range()])
+    }
+
+    /// Return all transactions in this namespace. The namespace ID for each
+    /// returned [`Transaction`] is set to `ns_id`.
+    pub fn export_all_txs(&self, ns_id: &NamespaceId) -> Vec<Transaction> {
+        let num_txs = self.read_num_txs();
+        self.iter_from_num_txs(&num_txs)
+            .map(|i| self.tx_from_num_txs(ns_id, &i, &num_txs))
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    /// Private helper. (Could be pub if desired.)
+    fn read_num_txs(&self) -> NumTxsUnchecked {
+        self.read(&NumTxsRange::new(&self.byte_len()))
+    }
+
+    /// Private helper
+    fn iter_from_num_txs(&self, num_txs: &NumTxsUnchecked) -> TxIter {
+        let num_txs = NumTxs::new(num_txs, &self.byte_len());
+        TxIter::new(&num_txs)
+    }
+
+    /// Private helper
+    fn tx_from_num_txs(
+        &self,
+        ns_id: &NamespaceId,
+        index: &TxIndex,
+        num_txs_unchecked: &NumTxsUnchecked,
+    ) -> Transaction {
+        let tx_table_entries = self.read(&TxTableEntriesRange::new(index));
+        let tx_range = TxPayloadRange::new(num_txs_unchecked, &tx_table_entries, &self.byte_len());
+
+        // TODO don't copy the tx bytes into the return value
+        // https://github.com/EspressoSystems/hotshot-query-service/issues/267
+        let tx_payload = self.read(&tx_range).to_payload_bytes().to_vec();
+        Transaction::new(*ns_id, tx_payload)
+    }
+}
+
+#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(transparent)]
+pub struct NsPayloadOwned(#[serde(with = "base64_bytes")] Vec<u8>);
+
+/// Crazy boilerplate code to make it so that [`NsPayloadOwned`] is to
+/// [`NsPayload`] as [`Vec<T>`] is to `[T]`. See [How can I create newtypes for
+/// an unsized type and its owned counterpart (like `str` and `String`) in safe
+/// Rust? - Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/q/64977525)
+mod ns_payload_owned {
+    use super::{NsPayload, NsPayloadOwned};
+    use std::borrow::Borrow;
+    use std::ops::Deref;
+
+    impl NsPayload {
+        // pub(super) because I want it visible everywhere in this file but I
+        // also want this boilerplate code quarrantined in `ns_payload_owned`.
+        pub(super) fn new_private(p: &[u8]) -> &NsPayload {
+            unsafe { &*(p as *const [u8] as *const NsPayload) }
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl Deref for NsPayloadOwned {
+        type Target = NsPayload;
+        fn deref(&self) -> &NsPayload {
+            NsPayload::new_private(&self.0)
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl Borrow<NsPayload> for NsPayloadOwned {
+        fn borrow(&self) -> &NsPayload {
+            self.deref()
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl ToOwned for NsPayload {
+        type Owned = NsPayloadOwned;
+        fn to_owned(&self) -> NsPayloadOwned {
+            NsPayloadOwned(self.0.to_owned())
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/ns_payload_range.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/ns_payload_range.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3846223839
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/ns_payload_range.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+use super::types::{NsPayloadByteLen, NsPayloadBytesRange};
+use std::ops::Range;
+
+/// Index range for a namespace payload inside a block payload.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
+pub struct NsPayloadRange(Range<usize>);
+
+impl NsPayloadRange {
+    /// TODO restrict visibility?
+    pub fn new(start: usize, end: usize) -> Self {
+        Self(start..end)
+    }
+
+    /// Access the underlying index range for this namespace inside a block
+    /// payload.
+    pub fn as_block_range(&self) -> Range<usize> {
+        self.0.clone()
+    }
+
+    /// Return the byte length of this namespace.
+    pub fn byte_len(&self) -> NsPayloadByteLen {
+        NsPayloadByteLen::from_usize(self.0.len())
+    }
+
+    /// Convert a [`NsPayloadBytesRange`] into a range that's relative to the
+    /// entire block payload.
+    pub fn block_range<'a, R>(&self, range: &R) -> Range<usize>
+    where
+        R: NsPayloadBytesRange<'a>,
+    {
+        let range = range.ns_payload_range();
+        range.start + self.0.start..range.end + self.0.start
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/tx_proof.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/tx_proof.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5c066f8e21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/tx_proof.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+use crate::hotshot_types::SmallRangeProofType;
+use crate::namespace_payload::types::{NumTxsUnchecked, TxIndex, TxTableEntries};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+/// Proof of correctness for transaction bytes in a block.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct TxProof {
+    // Naming conventions for this struct's fields:
+    // - `payload_x`: bytes from the payload
+    // - `payload_proof_x`: a proof of those bytes from the payload
+    tx_index: TxIndex,
+
+    // Number of txs declared in the tx table
+    payload_num_txs: NumTxsUnchecked,
+    payload_proof_num_txs: SmallRangeProofType,
+
+    // Tx table entries for this tx
+    payload_tx_table_entries: TxTableEntries,
+    payload_proof_tx_table_entries: SmallRangeProofType,
+
+    // This tx's payload bytes.
+    // `None` if this tx has zero length.
+    payload_proof_tx: Option<SmallRangeProofType>,
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/types.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/types.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8c21e02759
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/namespace_payload/types.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,382 @@
+//! Types related to a namespace payload and its transaction table.
+//!
+//! All code that needs to know the binary format of a namespace payload and its
+//! transaction table is restricted to this file.
+//!
+//! There are many newtypes in this file to facilitate transaction proofs.
+//!
+//! # Binary format of a namespace payload
+//!
+//! Any sequence of bytes is a valid [`NsPayload`].
+//!
+//! A namespace payload consists of two concatenated byte sequences:
+//! - `tx_table`: transaction table
+//! - `tx_payloads`: transaction payloads
+//!
+//! # Transaction table
+//!
+//! Byte lengths for the different items that could appear in a `tx_table` are
+//! specified in local private constants [`NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN`],
+//! [`TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN`].
+//!
+//! ## Number of entries in the transaction table
+//!
+//! The first [`NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN`] bytes of the `tx_table` indicate the number
+//! `n` of entries in the table as a little-endian unsigned integer. If the
+//! entire namespace payload byte length is smaller than [`NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN`]
+//! then the missing bytes are zero-padded.
+//!
+//! The bytes in the namespace payload beyond the first [`NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN`]
+//! bytes encode entries in the `tx_table`. Each entry consumes exactly
+//! [`TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN`] bytes.
+//!
+//! The number `n` could be anything, including a number much larger than the
+//! number of entries that could fit in the namespace payload. As such, the
+//! actual number of entries in the `tx_table` is defined as the minimum of `n`
+//! and the maximum number of whole `tx_table` entries that could fit in the
+//! namespace payload.
+//!
+//! The `tx_payloads` consist of any bytes in the namespace payload beyond the
+//! `tx_table`.
+//!
+//! ## Transaction table entry
+//!
+//! Each entry in the `tx_table` is exactly [`TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN`] bytes. These
+//! bytes indicate the end-index of a transaction in the namespace payload
+//! bytes. This end-index is a little-endian unsigned integer.
+//!
+//! This offset is relative to the end of the `tx_table` within the current
+//! namespace.
+//!
+//! ### Example
+//!
+//! Suppose a block payload has 3000 bytes and 3 namespaces of 1000 bytes each.
+//! Suppose the `tx_table` for final namespace in the block has byte length 100,
+//! and suppose an entry in that `tx_table` indicates an end-index of `10`. The
+//! actual end-index of that transaction relative to the current namespace is
+//! `110`: `10` bytes for the offset plus `100` bytes for the `tx_table`.
+//! Relative to the entire block payload, the end-index of that transaction is
+//! `2110`: `10` bytes for the offset plus `100` bytes for the `tx_table` plus
+//! `2000` bytes for this namespace.
+//!
+//! # How to deduce a transaction's byte range
+//!
+//! In order to extract the payload bytes of a single transaction `T` from the
+//! namespace payload one needs both the start- and end-indices for `T`.
+//!
+//! See [`TxPayloadRange::new`] for clarification. What follows is a description
+//! of what's implemented in [`TxPayloadRange::new`].
+//!
+//! If `T` occupies the `i`th entry in the `tx_table` for `i>0` then the
+//! start-index for `T` is defined as the end-index of the `(i-1)`th entry in
+//! the table.
+//!
+//! Thus, both start- and end-indices for any transaction `T` can be read from a
+//! contiguous, constant-size byte range in the `tx_table`. This property
+//! facilitates transaction proofs.
+//!
+//! The start-index of the 0th entry in the table is implicitly defined to be
+//! `0`.
+//!
+//! The start- and end-indices `(declared_start, declared_end)` declared in the
+//! `tx_table` could be anything. As such, the actual start- and end-indices
+//! `(start, end)` are defined so as to ensure that the byte range is
+//! well-defined and in-bounds for the namespace payload:
+//! ```ignore
+//! end = min(declared_end, namespace_payload_byte_length)
+//! start = min(declared_start, end)
+//! ```
+//!
+//! To get the byte range for `T` relative to the current namespace, the above
+//! range is translated by the byte length of the `tx_table` *as declared in the
+//! `tx_table` itself*, suitably truncated to fit within the current namespace.
+//!
+//! In particular, if the `tx_table` declares a huge number `n` of entries that
+//! cannot fit into the namespace payload then all transactions in this
+//! namespace have a zero-length byte range whose start- and end-indices are
+//! both `namespace_payload_byte_length`.
+//!
+//! In a "honestly-prepared" `tx_table` the end-index of the final transaction
+//! equals the byte length of the namespace payload minus the byte length of the
+//! `tx_table`. (Otherwise the namespace payload might have bytes that are not
+//! included in any transaction.)
+//!
+//! It is possible that a `tx_table` table could indicate two distinct
+//! transactions whose byte ranges overlap, though no "honestly-prepared"
+//! `tx_table` would do this.
+use crate::uint_bytes::{bytes_serde_impl, usize_from_bytes, usize_to_bytes};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
+use std::ops::Range;
+
+/// Byte lengths for the different items that could appear in a tx table.
+const NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN: usize = 4;
+const TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN: usize = 4;
+
+/// Data that can be deserialized from a subslice of namespace payload bytes.
+///
+/// Companion trait for [`NsPayloadBytesRange`], which specifies the subslice of
+/// namespace payload bytes to read.
+pub trait FromNsPayloadBytes<'a> {
+    /// Deserialize `Self` from namespace payload bytes.
+    fn from_payload_bytes(bytes: &'a [u8]) -> Self;
+}
+
+/// Specifies a subslice of namespace payload bytes to read.
+///
+/// Companion trait for [`FromNsPayloadBytes`], which holds data that can be
+/// deserialized from that subslice of bytes.
+pub trait NsPayloadBytesRange<'a> {
+    type Output: FromNsPayloadBytes<'a>;
+
+    /// Range relative to this ns payload
+    fn ns_payload_range(&self) -> Range<usize>;
+}
+
+/// Number of txs in a namespace.
+///
+/// Like [`NumTxsUnchecked`] but checked against a [`NsPayloadByteLen`].
+pub struct NumTxs(usize);
+
+impl NumTxs {
+    /// Returns the minimum of:
+    /// - `num_txs`
+    /// - The maximum number of tx table entries that could fit in a namespace
+    ///   whose byte length is `byte_len`.
+    pub fn new(num_txs: &NumTxsUnchecked, byte_len: &NsPayloadByteLen) -> Self {
+        Self(std::cmp::min(
+            // Number of txs declared in the tx table
+            num_txs.0,
+            // Max number of tx table entries that could fit in the namespace payload
+            byte_len.0.saturating_sub(NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN) / TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN,
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Byte length of a namespace payload.
+pub struct NsPayloadByteLen(usize);
+
+impl NsPayloadByteLen {
+    // TODO restrict visibility?
+    pub fn from_usize(n: usize) -> Self {
+        Self(n)
+    }
+}
+
+/// The part of a tx table that declares the number of txs in the payload.
+///
+/// "Unchecked" because this quantity might exceed the number of tx table
+/// entries that could fit into the namespace that contains it.
+///
+/// Use [`NumTxs`] for the actual number of txs in this namespace.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct NumTxsUnchecked(usize);
+bytes_serde_impl!(
+    NumTxsUnchecked,
+    to_payload_bytes,
+    [u8; NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN],
+    from_payload_bytes
+);
+
+impl NumTxsUnchecked {
+    pub fn to_payload_bytes(&self) -> [u8; NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN] {
+        usize_to_bytes::<NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN>(self.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromNsPayloadBytes<'_> for NumTxsUnchecked {
+    fn from_payload_bytes(bytes: &[u8]) -> Self {
+        Self(usize_from_bytes::<NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN>(bytes))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Byte range for the part of a tx table that declares the number of txs in the
+/// payload.
+pub struct NumTxsRange(Range<usize>);
+
+impl NumTxsRange {
+    pub fn new(byte_len: &NsPayloadByteLen) -> Self {
+        Self(0..NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN.min(byte_len.0))
+    }
+}
+
+impl NsPayloadBytesRange<'_> for NumTxsRange {
+    type Output = NumTxsUnchecked;
+
+    fn ns_payload_range(&self) -> Range<usize> {
+        self.0.clone()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Entries from a tx table in a namespace for use in a transaction proof.
+///
+/// Contains either one or two entries according to whether it was derived from
+/// the first transaction in the namespace.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct TxTableEntries {
+    cur: usize,
+    prev: Option<usize>, // `None` if derived from the first transaction
+}
+
+// This serde impl uses Vec. We could save space by using an array of
+// length `TWO_ENTRIES_BYTE_LEN`, but then we need a way to distinguish
+// `prev=Some(0)` from `prev=None`.
+bytes_serde_impl!(
+    TxTableEntries,
+    to_payload_bytes,
+    Vec<u8>,
+    from_payload_bytes
+);
+
+impl TxTableEntries {
+    const TWO_ENTRIES_BYTE_LEN: usize = 2 * TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN;
+
+    pub fn to_payload_bytes(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+        let mut bytes = Vec::with_capacity(Self::TWO_ENTRIES_BYTE_LEN);
+        if let Some(prev) = self.prev {
+            bytes.extend(usize_to_bytes::<TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN>(prev));
+        }
+        bytes.extend(usize_to_bytes::<TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN>(self.cur));
+        bytes
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromNsPayloadBytes<'_> for TxTableEntries {
+    fn from_payload_bytes(bytes: &[u8]) -> Self {
+        match bytes.len() {
+            TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN => Self {
+                cur: usize_from_bytes::<TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN>(bytes),
+                prev: None,
+            },
+            Self::TWO_ENTRIES_BYTE_LEN => Self {
+                cur: usize_from_bytes::<TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN>(&bytes[TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN..]),
+                prev: Some(usize_from_bytes::<TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN>(
+                    &bytes[..TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN],
+                )),
+            },
+            len => panic!(
+                "unexpected bytes len {} should be either {} or {}",
+                len,
+                TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN,
+                Self::TWO_ENTRIES_BYTE_LEN
+            ),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Byte range for entries from a tx table for use in a transaction proof.
+///
+/// This range covers either one or two entries from a tx table according to
+/// whether it was derived from the first transaction in the namespace.
+pub struct TxTableEntriesRange(Range<usize>);
+
+impl TxTableEntriesRange {
+    pub fn new(index: &TxIndex) -> Self {
+        let start = if index.0 == 0 {
+            // Special case: the desired range includes only one entry from
+            // the tx table: the first entry. This entry starts immediately
+            // following the bytes that encode the tx table length.
+            NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN
+        } else {
+            // The desired range starts at the beginning of the previous tx
+            // table entry.
+            (index.0 - 1)
+                .saturating_mul(TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN)
+                .saturating_add(NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN)
+        };
+        // The desired range ends at the end of this transaction's tx table entry
+        let end = index
+            .0
+            .saturating_add(1)
+            .saturating_mul(TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN)
+            .saturating_add(NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN);
+        Self(start..end)
+    }
+}
+
+impl NsPayloadBytesRange<'_> for TxTableEntriesRange {
+    type Output = TxTableEntries;
+
+    fn ns_payload_range(&self) -> Range<usize> {
+        self.0.clone()
+    }
+}
+
+/// A transaction's payload data.
+pub struct TxPayload<'a>(&'a [u8]);
+
+impl<'a> TxPayload<'a> {
+    pub fn to_payload_bytes(&self) -> &'a [u8] {
+        self.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> FromNsPayloadBytes<'a> for TxPayload<'a> {
+    fn from_payload_bytes(bytes: &'a [u8]) -> Self {
+        Self(bytes)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Byte range for a transaction's payload data.
+pub struct TxPayloadRange(Range<usize>);
+
+impl TxPayloadRange {
+    pub fn new(
+        num_txs: &NumTxsUnchecked,
+        tx_table_entries: &TxTableEntries,
+        byte_len: &NsPayloadByteLen,
+    ) -> Self {
+        let tx_table_byte_len = num_txs
+            .0
+            .saturating_mul(TX_OFFSET_BYTE_LEN)
+            .saturating_add(NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN);
+        let end = tx_table_entries
+            .cur
+            .saturating_add(tx_table_byte_len)
+            .min(byte_len.0);
+        let start = tx_table_entries
+            .prev
+            .unwrap_or(0)
+            .saturating_add(tx_table_byte_len)
+            .min(end);
+        Self(start..end)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> NsPayloadBytesRange<'a> for TxPayloadRange {
+    type Output = TxPayload<'a>;
+
+    fn ns_payload_range(&self) -> Range<usize> {
+        self.0.clone()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Index for an entry in a tx table.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
+pub struct TxIndex(usize);
+bytes_serde_impl!(TxIndex, to_bytes, [u8; NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN], from_bytes);
+
+impl TxIndex {
+    pub fn to_bytes(&self) -> [u8; NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN] {
+        usize_to_bytes::<NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN>(self.0)
+    }
+    fn from_bytes(bytes: &[u8]) -> Self {
+        Self(usize_from_bytes::<NUM_TXS_BYTE_LEN>(bytes))
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct TxIter(Range<usize>);
+
+impl TxIter {
+    pub fn new(num_txs: &NumTxs) -> Self {
+        Self(0..num_txs.0)
+    }
+}
+
+// Simple `impl Iterator` delegates to `Range`.
+impl Iterator for TxIter {
+    type Item = TxIndex;
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        self.0.next().map(TxIndex)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/sequencer_data_structures.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/sequencer_data_structures.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..19ed706eb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/sequencer_data_structures.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,797 @@
+// TODO import from sequencer: https://github.com/EspressoSystems/nitro-espresso-integration/issues/87
+// This module is essentially copy and pasted VID logic from the sequencer repo. It is an unfortunate workaround
+// until the VID portion of the sequencer repo is WASM-compatible.
+use ark_ff::{BigInteger, PrimeField};
+use ark_serialize::{
+    CanonicalDeserialize, CanonicalSerialize, Compress, Read, SerializationError, Valid, Validate,
+};
+use bytesize::ByteSize;
+use committable::{Commitment, Committable, RawCommitmentBuilder};
+use derive_more::Deref;
+use derive_more::{Add, Display, From, Into, Sub};
+use digest::OutputSizeUser;
+use either::Either;
+use ethers_core::{
+    types::{Address, Signature, H256, U256},
+    utils::{parse_units, ParseUnits},
+};
+use jf_merkle_tree::{
+    prelude::{LightWeightSHA3MerkleTree, Sha3Digest, Sha3Node},
+    universal_merkle_tree::UniversalMerkleTree,
+    MerkleTreeScheme, ToTraversalPath,
+};
+use num_traits::PrimInt;
+use serde::Serializer;
+use serde::{
+    de::{self, MapAccess, SeqAccess, Visitor},
+    Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize,
+};
+use serde_json::{Map, Value};
+use std::{default::Default, fmt, str::FromStr};
+use tagged_base64::tagged;
+use trait_set::trait_set;
+use typenum::Unsigned;
+
+use crate::v0_3;
+use crate::{full_payload::NsTable, hotshot_types::VidCommitment};
+use crate::{
+    utils::{impl_serde_from_string_or_integer, Err, FromStringOrInteger},
+    NamespaceId,
+};
+
+trait_set! {
+    pub trait TableWordTraits = CanonicalSerialize
+        + CanonicalDeserialize
+        + TryFrom<usize>
+        + TryInto<usize>
+        + Default
+         + PrimInt
+        + std::marker::Sync;
+
+    // Note: this trait is not used yet as for now the Payload structs are only parametrized with the TableWord parameter.
+    pub trait OffsetTraits = CanonicalSerialize
+        + CanonicalDeserialize
+        + TryFrom<usize>
+        + TryInto<usize>
+        + Default
+        + std::marker::Sync;
+
+    // Note: this trait is not used yet as for now the Payload structs are only parametrized with the TableWord parameter.
+    pub trait NsIdTraits =CanonicalSerialize + CanonicalDeserialize + Default + std::marker::Sync;
+}
+
+pub struct Transaction {
+    pub _namespace: NamespaceId,
+    pub payload: Vec<u8>,
+}
+
+impl Transaction {
+    pub fn new(namespace: NamespaceId, payload: Vec<u8>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            _namespace: namespace,
+            payload,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default, Hash, Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, From, Into, Display)]
+#[display(fmt = "{_0}")]
+
+pub struct ChainId(U256);
+
+impl From<u64> for ChainId {
+    fn from(id: u64) -> Self {
+        Self(id.into())
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromStringOrInteger for ChainId {
+    type Binary = U256;
+    type Integer = u64;
+
+    fn from_binary(b: Self::Binary) -> Result<Self, Err> {
+        Ok(Self(b))
+    }
+
+    fn from_integer(i: Self::Integer) -> Result<Self, Err> {
+        Ok(i.into())
+    }
+
+    fn from_string(s: String) -> Result<Self, Err> {
+        if s.starts_with("0x") {
+            Ok(Self(U256::from_str(&s).unwrap()))
+        } else {
+            Ok(Self(U256::from_dec_str(&s).unwrap()))
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn to_binary(&self) -> Result<Self::Binary, Err> {
+        Ok(self.0)
+    }
+
+    fn to_string(&self) -> Result<String, Err> {
+        Ok(format!("{self}"))
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! impl_to_fixed_bytes {
+    ($struct_name:ident, $type:ty) => {
+        impl $struct_name {
+            pub(crate) fn to_fixed_bytes(self) -> [u8; core::mem::size_of::<$type>()] {
+                let mut bytes = [0u8; core::mem::size_of::<$type>()];
+                self.0.to_little_endian(&mut bytes);
+                bytes
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+impl_serde_from_string_or_integer!(ChainId);
+impl_to_fixed_bytes!(ChainId, U256);
+
+impl From<u16> for ChainId {
+    fn from(id: u16) -> Self {
+        Self(id.into())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Hash, Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, Display, PartialEq, Eq, From, Into, Deref)]
+#[display(fmt = "{_0}")]
+pub struct BlockSize(u64);
+
+impl_serde_from_string_or_integer!(BlockSize);
+
+impl FromStringOrInteger for BlockSize {
+    type Binary = u64;
+    type Integer = u64;
+
+    fn from_binary(b: Self::Binary) -> Result<Self, Err> {
+        Ok(Self(b))
+    }
+
+    fn from_integer(i: Self::Integer) -> Result<Self, Err> {
+        Ok(Self(i))
+    }
+
+    fn from_string(s: String) -> Result<Self, Err> {
+        Ok(BlockSize(s.parse::<ByteSize>().unwrap().0))
+    }
+
+    fn to_binary(&self) -> Result<Self::Binary, Err> {
+        Ok(self.0)
+    }
+
+    fn to_string(&self) -> Result<String, Err> {
+        Ok(format!("{self}"))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Global variables for an Espresso blockchain.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct ChainConfig {
+    /// Espresso chain ID
+    chain_id: ChainId,
+    /// Maximum size in bytes of a block
+    max_block_size: BlockSize,
+    /// Minimum fee in WEI per byte of payload
+    base_fee: FeeAmount,
+    fee_contract: Option<Address>,
+    fee_recipient: FeeAccount,
+}
+
+impl Committable for ChainConfig {
+    fn tag() -> String {
+        "CHAIN_CONFIG".to_string()
+    }
+
+    fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<Self> {
+        let comm = committable::RawCommitmentBuilder::new(&Self::tag())
+            .fixed_size_field("chain_id", &self.chain_id.to_fixed_bytes())
+            .u64_field("max_block_size", self.max_block_size.0)
+            .fixed_size_field("base_fee", &self.base_fee.to_fixed_bytes())
+            .fixed_size_field("fee_recipient", &self.fee_recipient.to_fixed_bytes());
+        let comm = if let Some(addr) = self.fee_contract {
+            comm.u64_field("fee_contract", 1).fixed_size_bytes(&addr.0)
+        } else {
+            comm.u64_field("fee_contract", 0)
+        };
+        comm.finalize()
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Copy, PartialEq, Deserialize, Serialize, Eq, Hash)]
+pub struct ResolvableChainConfig {
+    chain_config: Either<ChainConfig, Commitment<ChainConfig>>,
+}
+
+impl ResolvableChainConfig {
+    pub fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<ChainConfig> {
+        match self.chain_config {
+            Either::Left(config) => config.commit(),
+            Either::Right(commitment) => commitment,
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn resolve(self) -> Option<ChainConfig> {
+        match self.chain_config {
+            Either::Left(config) => Some(config),
+            Either::Right(_) => None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<Commitment<ChainConfig>> for ResolvableChainConfig {
+    fn from(value: Commitment<ChainConfig>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            chain_config: Either::Right(value),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<ChainConfig> for ResolvableChainConfig {
+    fn from(value: ChainConfig) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            chain_config: Either::Left(value),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub type BlockMerkleTree = LightWeightSHA3MerkleTree<Commitment<Header>>;
+pub type BlockMerkleCommitment = <BlockMerkleTree as MerkleTreeScheme>::Commitment;
+
+#[tagged("BUILDER_COMMITMENT")]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, CanonicalSerialize, CanonicalDeserialize)]
+/// Commitment that builders use to sign block options.
+/// A thin wrapper around a Sha256 digest.
+pub struct BuilderCommitment(Sha256Digest);
+
+impl AsRef<Sha256Digest> for BuilderCommitment {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &Sha256Digest {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}
+
+pub enum Header {
+    V1(Header0_1),
+    V2(Header0_1),
+    V3(v0_3::Header),
+}
+
+impl Header {
+    pub fn height(&self) -> u64 {
+        match self {
+            Header::V1(header0_1) => header0_1.height,
+            Header::V2(header0_1) => header0_1.height,
+            Header::V3(header) => header.height,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Header {
+    fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
+    where
+        D: Deserializer<'de>,
+    {
+        struct HeaderVisitor;
+
+        impl<'de> Visitor<'de> for HeaderVisitor {
+            type Value = Header;
+
+            fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+                formatter.write_str("Header")
+            }
+
+            fn visit_seq<V>(self, mut seq: V) -> Result<Self::Value, V::Error>
+            where
+                V: SeqAccess<'de>,
+            {
+                let chain_config_or_version: EitherOrVersion = seq
+                    .next_element()?
+                    .ok_or_else(|| de::Error::missing_field("chain_config"))?;
+
+                match chain_config_or_version {
+                    // For v0.1, the first field in the sequence of fields is the first field of the struct, so we call a function to get the rest of
+                    // the fields from the sequence and pack them into the struct.
+                    EitherOrVersion::Left(cfg) => Ok(Header::V1(
+                        Header0_1::deserialize_with_chain_config(cfg.into(), seq)?,
+                    )),
+                    EitherOrVersion::Right(commit) => Ok(Header::V1(
+                        Header0_1::deserialize_with_chain_config(commit.into(), seq)?,
+                    )),
+                    // For all versions > 0.1, the first "field" is not actually part of the `Header` struct.
+                    // We just delegate directly to the derived deserialization impl for the appropriate version.
+                    EitherOrVersion::Version(Version { major: 0, minor: 2 }) => Ok(Header::V2(
+                        seq.next_element()?
+                            .ok_or_else(|| de::Error::missing_field("fields"))?,
+                    )),
+                    EitherOrVersion::Version(Version { major: 0, minor: 3 }) => Ok(Header::V3(
+                        seq.next_element()?
+                            .ok_or_else(|| de::Error::missing_field("fields"))?,
+                    )),
+                    EitherOrVersion::Version(v) => {
+                        Err(serde::de::Error::custom(format!("invalid version {v:?}")))
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            fn visit_map<V>(self, mut map: V) -> Result<Header, V::Error>
+            where
+                V: MapAccess<'de>,
+            {
+                // insert all the fields in the serde_map as the map may have out of order fields.
+                let mut serde_map: Map<String, Value> = Map::new();
+
+                while let Some(key) = map.next_key::<String>()? {
+                    serde_map.insert(key.trim().to_owned(), map.next_value()?);
+                }
+
+                if let Some(v) = serde_map.get("version") {
+                    let fields = serde_map
+                        .get("fields")
+                        .ok_or_else(|| de::Error::missing_field("fields"))?;
+
+                    let version = serde_json::from_value::<EitherOrVersion>(v.clone())
+                        .map_err(de::Error::custom)?;
+                    let result = match version {
+                        EitherOrVersion::Version(Version { major: 0, minor: 2 }) => Ok(Header::V2(
+                            serde_json::from_value(fields.clone()).map_err(de::Error::custom)?,
+                        )),
+                        EitherOrVersion::Version(Version { major: 0, minor: 3 }) => Ok(Header::V3(
+                            serde_json::from_value(fields.clone()).map_err(de::Error::custom)?,
+                        )),
+                        EitherOrVersion::Version(v) => {
+                            Err(de::Error::custom(format!("invalid version {v:?}")))
+                        }
+                        chain_config => Err(de::Error::custom(format!(
+                            "expected version, found chain_config {chain_config:?}"
+                        ))),
+                    };
+                    return result;
+                }
+
+                Ok(Header::V1(
+                    serde_json::from_value(serde_map.into()).map_err(de::Error::custom)?,
+                ))
+            }
+        }
+
+        // List of all possible fields of all versions of the `Header`.
+        // serde's `deserialize_struct` works by deserializing to a struct with a specific list of fields.
+        // The length of the fields list we provide is always going to be greater than the length of the target struct.
+        // In our case, we are deserializing to either a V1 Header or a VersionedHeader for versions > 0.1.
+        // We use serde_json and bincode serialization in the sequencer.
+        // Fortunately, serde_json ignores fields parameter and only cares about our Visitor implementation.
+        // -  https://docs.rs/serde_json/1.0.120/serde_json/struct.Deserializer.html#method.deserialize_struct
+        // Bincode uses the length of the fields list, but the bincode deserialization only cares that the length of the fields
+        // is an upper bound of the target struct's fields length.
+        // -  https://docs.rs/bincode/1.3.3/src/bincode/de/mod.rs.html#313
+        // This works because the bincode deserializer only consumes the next field when `next_element` is called,
+        // and our visitor calls it the correct number of times.
+        // This would, however, break if the bincode deserializer implementation required an exact match of the field's length,
+        // consuming one element for each field.
+        let fields: &[&str] = &[
+            "fields",
+            "chain_config",
+            "version",
+            "height",
+            "timestamp",
+            "l1_head",
+            "l1_finalized",
+            "payload_commitment",
+            "builder_commitment",
+            "ns_table",
+            "block_merkle_tree_root",
+            "fee_merkle_tree_root",
+            "fee_info",
+            "builder_signature",
+        ];
+
+        deserializer.deserialize_struct("Header", fields, HeaderVisitor)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Committable for Header {
+    fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<Self> {
+        match self {
+            Self::V1(header) => header.commit(),
+            Self::V2(fields) => RawCommitmentBuilder::new(&Self::tag())
+                .u64_field("version_major", 0)
+                .u64_field("version_minor", 2)
+                .field("fields", fields.commit())
+                .finalize(),
+            Self::V3(fields) => RawCommitmentBuilder::new(&Self::tag())
+                .u64_field("version_major", 0)
+                .u64_field("version_minor", 3)
+                .field("fields", fields.commit())
+                .finalize(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn tag() -> String {
+        // We use the tag "BLOCK" since blocks are identified by the hash of their header. This will
+        // thus be more intuitive to users than "HEADER".
+        "BLOCK".into()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Serialize for Header {
+    fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+    where
+        S: Serializer,
+    {
+        match self {
+            Self::V1(header) => header.serialize(serializer),
+            Self::V2(fields) => VersionedHeader {
+                version: EitherOrVersion::Version(Version { major: 0, minor: 2 }),
+                fields: fields.clone(),
+            }
+            .serialize(serializer),
+            Self::V3(fields) => VersionedHeader {
+                version: EitherOrVersion::Version(Version { major: 0, minor: 3 }),
+                fields: fields.clone(),
+            }
+            .serialize(serializer),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct VersionedHeader<Fields> {
+    pub(crate) version: EitherOrVersion,
+    pub(crate) fields: Fields,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, Debug)]
+pub enum EitherOrVersion {
+    Left(ChainConfig),
+    Right(Commitment<ChainConfig>),
+    Version(Version),
+}
+
+// Header values
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize, Hash, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct Header0_1 {
+    pub chain_config: ResolvableChainConfig,
+    pub height: u64,
+    pub timestamp: u64,
+    pub l1_head: u64,
+    pub l1_finalized: Option<L1BlockInfo>,
+    pub payload_commitment: VidCommitment,
+    pub builder_commitment: BuilderCommitment,
+    pub ns_table: NsTable,
+    pub block_merkle_tree_root: BlockMerkleCommitment,
+    pub fee_merkle_tree_root: FeeMerkleCommitment,
+    pub builder_signature: Option<Signature>,
+    pub fee_info: FeeInfo,
+}
+
+impl Header0_1 {
+    fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<Header> {
+        let mut bmt_bytes = vec![];
+        self.block_merkle_tree_root
+            .serialize_with_mode(&mut bmt_bytes, ark_serialize::Compress::Yes)
+            .unwrap();
+        let mut fmt_bytes = vec![];
+        self.fee_merkle_tree_root
+            .serialize_with_mode(&mut fmt_bytes, ark_serialize::Compress::Yes)
+            .unwrap();
+
+        RawCommitmentBuilder::new(&Self::tag())
+            .field("chain_config", self.chain_config.commit())
+            .u64_field("height", self.height)
+            .u64_field("timestamp", self.timestamp)
+            .u64_field("l1_head", self.l1_head)
+            .optional("l1_finalized", &self.l1_finalized)
+            .constant_str("payload_commitment")
+            .fixed_size_bytes(self.payload_commitment.as_ref().as_ref())
+            .constant_str("builder_commitment")
+            .fixed_size_bytes(self.builder_commitment.as_ref())
+            .field("ns_table", self.ns_table.commit())
+            .var_size_field("block_merkle_tree_root", &bmt_bytes)
+            .var_size_field("fee_merkle_tree_root", &fmt_bytes)
+            .field("fee_info", self.fee_info.commit())
+            .finalize()
+    }
+
+    fn tag() -> String {
+        // We use the tag "BLOCK" since blocks are identified by the hash of their header. This will
+        // thus be more intuitive to users than "HEADER".
+        "BLOCK".into()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Header0_1 {
+    pub fn deserialize_with_chain_config<'de, A>(
+        chain_config: ResolvableChainConfig,
+        mut seq: A,
+    ) -> Result<Self, A::Error>
+    where
+        A: SeqAccess<'de>,
+    {
+        macro_rules! element {
+            ($seq:expr, $field:ident) => {
+                $seq.next_element()?
+                    .ok_or_else(|| de::Error::missing_field(stringify!($field)))?
+            };
+        }
+        let height = element!(seq, height);
+        let timestamp = element!(seq, timestamp);
+        let l1_head = element!(seq, l1_head);
+        let l1_finalized = element!(seq, l1_finalized);
+        let payload_commitment = element!(seq, payload_commitment);
+        let builder_commitment = element!(seq, builder_commitment);
+        let ns_table = element!(seq, ns_table);
+        let block_merkle_tree_root = element!(seq, block_merkle_tree_root);
+        let fee_merkle_tree_root = element!(seq, fee_merkle_tree_root);
+        let fee_info = element!(seq, fee_info);
+        let builder_signature = element!(seq, builder_signature);
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            chain_config,
+            height,
+            timestamp,
+            l1_head,
+            l1_finalized,
+            payload_commitment,
+            builder_commitment,
+            ns_table,
+            block_merkle_tree_root,
+            fee_merkle_tree_root,
+            fee_info,
+            builder_signature,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// Type for protocol version number
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, Debug)]
+pub struct Version {
+    /// major version number
+    pub major: u16,
+    /// minor version number
+    pub minor: u16,
+}
+
+pub type FeeMerkleTree = UniversalMerkleTree<FeeAmount, Sha3Digest, FeeAccount, 256, Sha3Node>;
+pub type FeeMerkleCommitment = <FeeMerkleTree as MerkleTreeScheme>::Commitment;
+
+/// Type alias for byte array of SHA256 digest length
+type Sha256Digest = [u8; <sha2::Sha256 as OutputSizeUser>::OutputSize::USIZE];
+
+#[derive(Default, Hash, Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Add, Sub, From, Into, Display)]
+#[display(fmt = "{_0}")]
+pub struct FeeAmount(U256);
+
+impl FromStringOrInteger for FeeAmount {
+    type Binary = U256;
+    type Integer = u64;
+
+    fn from_binary(b: Self::Binary) -> Result<Self, Err> {
+        Ok(Self(b))
+    }
+
+    fn from_integer(i: Self::Integer) -> Result<Self, Err> {
+        Ok(i.into())
+    }
+
+    fn from_string(s: String) -> Result<Self, Err> {
+        // For backwards compatibility, we have an ad hoc parser for WEI amounts represented as hex
+        // strings.
+        if let Some(s) = s.strip_prefix("0x") {
+            return Ok(Self(s.parse().unwrap()));
+        }
+
+        // Strip an optional non-numeric suffix, which will be interpreted as a unit.
+        let (base, unit) = s
+            .split_once(char::is_whitespace)
+            .unwrap_or((s.as_str(), "wei"));
+        match parse_units(base, unit).unwrap() {
+            ParseUnits::U256(n) => Ok(Self(n)),
+            ParseUnits::I256(_) => panic!("amount cannot be negative"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn to_binary(&self) -> Result<Self::Binary, Err> {
+        Ok(self.0)
+    }
+
+    fn to_string(&self) -> Result<String, Err> {
+        Ok(format!("{self}"))
+    }
+}
+
+impl_serde_from_string_or_integer!(FeeAmount);
+impl_to_fixed_bytes!(FeeAmount, U256);
+
+impl From<u64> for FeeAmount {
+    fn from(amt: u64) -> Self {
+        Self(amt.into())
+    }
+}
+
+impl CanonicalSerialize for FeeAmount {
+    fn serialize_with_mode<W: std::io::prelude::Write>(
+        &self,
+        mut writer: W,
+        _compress: Compress,
+    ) -> Result<(), SerializationError> {
+        Ok(writer.write_all(&self.to_fixed_bytes())?)
+    }
+
+    fn serialized_size(&self, _compress: Compress) -> usize {
+        core::mem::size_of::<U256>()
+    }
+}
+impl CanonicalDeserialize for FeeAmount {
+    fn deserialize_with_mode<R: Read>(
+        mut reader: R,
+        _compress: Compress,
+        _validate: Validate,
+    ) -> Result<Self, SerializationError> {
+        let mut bytes = [0u8; core::mem::size_of::<U256>()];
+        reader.read_exact(&mut bytes)?;
+        let value = U256::from_little_endian(&bytes);
+        Ok(Self(value))
+    }
+}
+
+impl CanonicalSerialize for FeeAccount {
+    fn serialize_with_mode<W: std::io::prelude::Write>(
+        &self,
+        mut writer: W,
+        _compress: Compress,
+    ) -> Result<(), SerializationError> {
+        Ok(writer.write_all(&self.0.to_fixed_bytes())?)
+    }
+
+    fn serialized_size(&self, _compress: Compress) -> usize {
+        core::mem::size_of::<Address>()
+    }
+}
+
+impl CanonicalDeserialize for FeeAccount {
+    fn deserialize_with_mode<R: Read>(
+        mut reader: R,
+        _compress: Compress,
+        _validate: Validate,
+    ) -> Result<Self, SerializationError> {
+        let mut bytes = [0u8; core::mem::size_of::<Address>()];
+        reader.read_exact(&mut bytes)?;
+        let value = Address::from_slice(&bytes);
+        Ok(Self(value))
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(
+    Default,
+    Hash,
+    Copy,
+    Clone,
+    Debug,
+    Display,
+    Deserialize,
+    Serialize,
+    PartialEq,
+    Eq,
+    PartialOrd,
+    Ord,
+    From,
+    Into,
+)]
+#[display(fmt = "{_0:x}")]
+pub struct FeeAccount(Address);
+
+impl FeeAccount {
+    /// Return inner `Address`
+    pub fn address(&self) -> Address {
+        self.0
+    }
+    /// Return byte slice representation of inner `Address` type
+    pub fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        self.0.as_bytes()
+    }
+    /// Return array containing underlying bytes of inner `Address` type
+    pub fn to_fixed_bytes(self) -> [u8; 20] {
+        self.0.to_fixed_bytes()
+    }
+}
+
+impl ToTraversalPath<256> for FeeAccount {
+    fn to_traversal_path(&self, height: usize) -> Vec<usize> {
+        self.0
+            .to_fixed_bytes()
+            .into_iter()
+            .take(height)
+            .map(|i| i as usize)
+            .collect()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Valid for FeeAmount {
+    fn check(&self) -> Result<(), SerializationError> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Valid for FeeAccount {
+    fn check(&self) -> Result<(), SerializationError> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(
+    Hash,
+    Copy,
+    Clone,
+    Debug,
+    Deserialize,
+    Serialize,
+    PartialEq,
+    Eq,
+    CanonicalSerialize,
+    CanonicalDeserialize,
+)]
+pub struct FeeInfo {
+    account: FeeAccount,
+    amount: FeeAmount,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, Deserialize, Serialize, Hash, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct L1BlockInfo {
+    pub number: u64,
+    pub timestamp: U256,
+    pub hash: H256,
+}
+
+impl Committable for L1BlockInfo {
+    fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<Self> {
+        let mut timestamp = [0u8; 32];
+        self.timestamp.to_little_endian(&mut timestamp);
+
+        RawCommitmentBuilder::new(&Self::tag())
+            .u64_field("number", self.number)
+            // `RawCommitmentBuilder` doesn't have a `u256_field` method, so we simulate it:
+            .constant_str("timestamp")
+            .fixed_size_bytes(&timestamp)
+            .constant_str("hash")
+            .fixed_size_bytes(&self.hash.0)
+            .finalize()
+    }
+
+    fn tag() -> String {
+        "L1BLOCK".into()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Committable for FeeInfo {
+    fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<Self> {
+        RawCommitmentBuilder::new(&Self::tag())
+            .fixed_size_field("account", &self.account.to_fixed_bytes())
+            .fixed_size_field("amount", &self.amount.to_fixed_bytes())
+            .finalize()
+    }
+    fn tag() -> String {
+        "FEE_INFO".into()
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn field_to_u256<F: PrimeField>(f: F) -> U256 {
+    if F::MODULUS_BIT_SIZE > 256 {
+        panic!("Shouldn't convert a >256-bit field to U256");
+    }
+    U256::from_little_endian(&f.into_bigint().to_bytes_le())
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+
+    use super::Header0_1;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn header_test() {
+        let header_str = include_str!("./mock_data/header.json");
+        let header = serde_json::from_str::<Header0_1>(&header_str).unwrap();
+        // Copied from espresso sequencer reference test
+        let expected = "BLOCK~6Ol30XYkdKaNFXw0QAkcif18Lk8V8qkC4M81qTlwL707";
+        assert_eq!(header.commit().to_string(), expected);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/uint_bytes.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/uint_bytes.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a1bd0ea49d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/uint_bytes.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+//! Serialization (and deserialization) of primitive unsigned integer types to
+//! (and from) an arbitrary fixed-length byte array.
+//!
+use paste::paste;
+use std::mem::size_of;
+
+// Use an ugly macro because it's difficult or impossible to be generic over
+// primitive types such as `usize`, `u64`.
+macro_rules! uint_bytes_impl {
+        ($T:ty) => {
+            paste! {
+                /// Serialize `n` into `BYTE_LEN` bytes in little-endian form, padding with
+                /// 0 as needed.
+                ///
+                /// # Panics
+                /// If `n` cannot fit into `BYTE_LEN` bytes.
+                #[allow(dead_code)]
+                pub fn [<$T _to_bytes>]<const BYTE_LEN: usize>(n: $T) -> [u8; BYTE_LEN] {
+                    if size_of::<$T>() > BYTE_LEN {
+                        assert!(
+                            [<$T _fits>](n, BYTE_LEN),
+                            "n {n} cannot fit into {BYTE_LEN} bytes"
+                        );
+                        n.to_le_bytes()[..BYTE_LEN].try_into().unwrap() // panic is impossible
+                    } else {
+                        // convert `n` to bytes and pad with 0
+                        let mut result = [0; BYTE_LEN];
+                        result[..size_of::<$T>()].copy_from_slice(&n.to_le_bytes()[..]);
+                        result
+                    }
+                }
+
+                /// Deserialize `bytes` in little-endian form into a `$T`, padding with 0
+                /// as needed.
+                ///
+                /// # Panics
+                /// If `bytes.len()` is too large to fit into a `$T`.
+                pub fn [<$T _from_bytes>]<const BYTE_LEN: usize>(bytes: &[u8]) -> $T {
+                    assert!(bytes.len() <= BYTE_LEN, "bytes len {} exceeds BYTE_LEN {BYTE_LEN}", bytes.len());
+                    assert!(
+                        BYTE_LEN <= size_of::<$T>(),
+                        "BYTE_LEN {BYTE_LEN} cannot fit into {}",
+                        stringify!($T)
+                    );
+                    let mut [<$T _bytes>] = [0; size_of::<$T>()];
+                    [<$T _bytes>][..bytes.len()].copy_from_slice(bytes);
+                    $T::from_le_bytes([<$T _bytes>])
+                }
+
+                /// Return the largest `$T` value that can fit into `byte_len` bytes.
+                pub const fn [<$T _max_from_byte_len>](byte_len: usize) -> $T {
+                    if byte_len >= size_of::<$T>() {
+                        $T::MAX
+                    } else {
+                        // overflow cannot occur because `byte_len < size_of::<$T>()`
+                        (1 << (byte_len * 8)) - 1
+                    }
+                }
+
+                /// Can `n` fit into `byte_len` bytes?
+                pub const fn [<$T _fits>](n: $T, byte_len: usize) -> bool {
+                    n <= [<$T _max_from_byte_len>](byte_len)
+                }
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+uint_bytes_impl!(usize);
+uint_bytes_impl!(u32);
+
+/// Impl [`serde`] for type `$T` with methods named `$to_bytes`, `$from_bytes`
+/// of the form
+/// ```ignore
+/// $T::$to_bytes(&self) -> $B
+/// $T::$from_bytes(bytes: &[u8]) -> Self
+/// ```
+/// where `$B` is any type that impls [`serde::Deserialize`] and has a method
+/// `as_ref` of the form
+/// ```ignore
+/// $B::as_ref(&self) -> &[u8]
+/// ```
+/// Typical examples of `$B` include array `[u8; N]`, slice `&[u8]`, or
+/// `Vec<u8>`.
+macro_rules! bytes_serde_impl {
+    ($T:ty, $to_bytes:ident, $B:ty, $from_bytes:ident) => {
+        impl Serialize for $T {
+            fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+            where
+                S: Serializer,
+            {
+                self.$to_bytes().serialize(serializer)
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for $T {
+            fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<$T, D::Error>
+            where
+                D: Deserializer<'de>,
+            {
+                <$B as Deserialize>::deserialize(deserializer)
+                    .map(|bytes| <$T>::$from_bytes(bytes.as_ref()))
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+pub(super) use bytes_serde_impl;
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/utils.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/utils.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..23bd000055
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/utils.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+use serde::{
+    de::{DeserializeOwned, Deserializer, Error as _},
+    ser::Serializer,
+    Deserialize, Serialize,
+};
+
+pub type Err = u8;
+
+/// Basically copied from sequencer repo. Just removed the error types to avoid introducing other crate
+pub trait FromStringOrInteger: Sized {
+    type Binary: Serialize + DeserializeOwned;
+    type Integer: Serialize + DeserializeOwned;
+
+    fn from_binary(b: Self::Binary) -> Result<Self, Err>;
+    fn from_string(s: String) -> Result<Self, Err>;
+    fn from_integer(i: Self::Integer) -> Result<Self, Err>;
+
+    fn to_binary(&self) -> Result<Self::Binary, Err>;
+    fn to_string(&self) -> Result<String, Err>;
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! impl_serde_from_string_or_integer {
+    ($t:ty) => {
+        impl serde::Serialize for $t {
+            fn serialize<S: serde::ser::Serializer>(&self, s: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error> {
+                $crate::utils::string_or_integer::serialize(self, s)
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl<'de> serde::Deserialize<'de> for $t {
+            fn deserialize<D: serde::de::Deserializer<'de>>(d: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error> {
+                $crate::utils::string_or_integer::deserialize(d)
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+pub use crate::impl_serde_from_string_or_integer;
+
+pub mod string_or_integer {
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+    #[serde(untagged)]
+    enum StringOrInteger<I> {
+        String(String),
+        Integer(I),
+    }
+
+    pub fn serialize<T: FromStringOrInteger, S: Serializer>(
+        t: &T,
+        s: S,
+    ) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error> {
+        if s.is_human_readable() {
+            t.to_string().unwrap().serialize(s)
+        } else {
+            t.to_binary().unwrap().serialize(s)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn deserialize<'a, T: FromStringOrInteger, D: Deserializer<'a>>(
+        d: D,
+    ) -> Result<T, D::Error> {
+        if d.is_human_readable() {
+            match StringOrInteger::deserialize(d)? {
+                StringOrInteger::String(s) => T::from_string(s).map_err(D::Error::custom),
+                StringOrInteger::Integer(i) => T::from_integer(i).map_err(D::Error::custom),
+            }
+        } else {
+            T::from_binary(T::Binary::deserialize(d)?).map_err(D::Error::custom)
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/v0_3/auction.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/v0_3/auction.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9c3209c89e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/v0_3/auction.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+use super::super::hotshot_types::ViewNumber;
+use super::{FeeAccount, FeeAmount};
+use crate::NamespaceId;
+use committable::{Commitment, Committable};
+use ethers_core::types::Signature;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Deserialize, Serialize, Hash)]
+/// Wrapper enum for Full Network Transactions. Each transaction type
+/// will be a variant of this enum.
+pub enum FullNetworkTx {
+    Bid(BidTx),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Deserialize, Serialize, Hash)]
+/// A transaction to bid for the sequencing rights of a namespace. It
+/// is the `signed` form of `BidTxBody`. Expected usage is *build*
+/// it by calling `signed` on `BidTxBody`.
+pub struct BidTx {
+    pub(crate) body: BidTxBody,
+    pub(crate) signature: Signature,
+}
+
+/// A transaction body holding data required for bid submission.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Deserialize, Serialize, Hash)]
+pub struct BidTxBody {
+    /// Account responsible for the signature
+    pub(crate) account: FeeAccount,
+    /// Fee to be sequenced in the network.  Different than the bid_amount fee
+    // FULL_NETWORK_GAS * MINIMUM_GAS_PRICE
+    pub(crate) gas_price: FeeAmount,
+    /// The bid amount designated in Wei.  This is different than
+    /// the sequencing fee (gas price) for this transaction
+    pub(crate) bid_amount: FeeAmount,
+    /// The URL the HotShot leader will use to request a bundle
+    /// from this sequencer if they win the auction
+    pub(crate) url: String,
+    /// The slot this bid is for
+    pub(crate) view: ViewNumber,
+    /// The set of namespace ids the sequencer is bidding for
+    pub(crate) namespaces: Vec<NamespaceId>,
+}
+
+/// The results of an Auction
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Deserialize, Serialize, Hash)]
+pub struct SolverAuctionResults {
+    /// view number the results are for
+    pub(crate) view_number: ViewNumber,
+    /// A list of the bid txs that won
+    pub(crate) winning_bids: Vec<BidTx>,
+    /// A list of reserve sequencers being used
+    pub(crate) reserve_bids: Vec<(NamespaceId, String)>,
+}
+
+impl Committable for SolverAuctionResults {
+    fn tag() -> String {
+        "SOLVER_AUCTION_RESULTS".to_string()
+    }
+
+    fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<Self> {
+        let comm = committable::RawCommitmentBuilder::new(&Self::tag())
+            .fixed_size_field("view_number", &self.view_number.commit().into())
+            .array_field(
+                "winning_bids",
+                &self
+                    .winning_bids
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(Committable::commit)
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            )
+            .array_field(
+                "reserve_bids",
+                &self
+                    .reserve_bids
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|(nsid, url)| {
+                        // Set a phantom type to make the compiler happy
+                        committable::RawCommitmentBuilder::<SolverAuctionResults>::new(
+                            "RESERVE_BID",
+                        )
+                        .u64(nsid.0)
+                        .constant_str(url.as_str())
+                        .finalize()
+                    })
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            );
+        comm.finalize()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Committable for BidTx {
+    fn tag() -> String {
+        "BID_TX".to_string()
+    }
+
+    fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<Self> {
+        let comm = committable::RawCommitmentBuilder::new(&Self::tag())
+            .field("body", self.body.commit())
+            .fixed_size_field("signature", &self.signature.into());
+        comm.finalize()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Committable for BidTxBody {
+    fn tag() -> String {
+        "BID_TX_BODY".to_string()
+    }
+
+    fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<Self> {
+        let comm = committable::RawCommitmentBuilder::new(&Self::tag())
+            .fixed_size_field("account", &self.account.to_fixed_bytes())
+            .fixed_size_field("gas_price", &self.gas_price.to_fixed_bytes())
+            .fixed_size_field("bid_amount", &self.bid_amount.to_fixed_bytes())
+            .var_size_field("url", self.url.as_str().as_ref())
+            .u64_field("view", self.view.0)
+            .array_field(
+                "namespaces",
+                &self
+                    .namespaces
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|e| {
+                        committable::RawCommitmentBuilder::<BidTxBody>::new("namespace")
+                            .u64(e.0)
+                            .finalize()
+                    })
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            );
+        comm.finalize()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/v0_3/chain_config.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/v0_3/chain_config.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47198d6115
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/v0_3/chain_config.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+use super::{BlockSize, ChainId, FeeAccount, FeeAmount};
+use committable::{Commitment, Committable};
+use ethers_core::types::{Address, U256};
+use itertools::Either;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+/// Global variables for an Espresso blockchain.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct ChainConfig {
+    /// Espresso chain ID
+    pub chain_id: ChainId,
+
+    /// Maximum size in bytes of a block
+    pub max_block_size: BlockSize,
+
+    /// Minimum fee in WEI per byte of payload
+    pub base_fee: FeeAmount,
+
+    /// Fee contract address on L1.
+    ///
+    /// This is optional so that fees can easily be toggled on/off, with no need to deploy a
+    /// contract when they are off. In a future release, after fees are switched on and thoroughly
+    /// tested, this may be made mandatory.
+    pub fee_contract: Option<Address>,
+
+    /// Account that receives sequencing fees.
+    ///
+    /// This account in the Espresso fee ledger will always receive every fee paid in Espresso,
+    /// regardless of whether or not their is a `fee_contract` deployed. Once deployed, the fee
+    /// contract can decide what to do with tokens locked in this account in Espresso.
+    pub fee_recipient: FeeAccount,
+
+    /// Account that receives sequencing bids.
+    pub bid_recipient: Option<FeeAccount>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Copy, PartialEq, Deserialize, Serialize, Eq, Hash)]
+/// A commitment to a ChainConfig or a full ChainConfig.
+pub struct ResolvableChainConfig {
+    pub(crate) chain_config: Either<ChainConfig, Commitment<ChainConfig>>,
+}
+
+impl Committable for ChainConfig {
+    fn tag() -> String {
+        "CHAIN_CONFIG".to_string()
+    }
+
+    fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<Self> {
+        let comm = committable::RawCommitmentBuilder::new(&Self::tag())
+            .fixed_size_field("chain_id", &self.chain_id.to_fixed_bytes())
+            .u64_field("max_block_size", *self.max_block_size)
+            .fixed_size_field("base_fee", &self.base_fee.to_fixed_bytes())
+            .fixed_size_field("fee_recipient", &self.fee_recipient.to_fixed_bytes());
+        let comm = if let Some(addr) = self.fee_contract {
+            comm.u64_field("fee_contract", 1).fixed_size_bytes(&addr.0)
+        } else {
+            comm.u64_field("fee_contract", 0)
+        };
+
+        // With `ChainConfig` upgrades we want commitments w/out
+        // fields added >= v0_3 to have the same commitment as <= v0_3
+        // commitment. Therefore `None` values are simply ignored.
+        let comm = if let Some(bid_recipient) = self.bid_recipient {
+            comm.fixed_size_field("bid_recipient", &bid_recipient.to_fixed_bytes())
+        } else {
+            comm
+        };
+
+        comm.finalize()
+    }
+}
+
+impl ResolvableChainConfig {
+    pub fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<ChainConfig> {
+        match self.chain_config {
+            Either::Left(config) => config.commit(),
+            Either::Right(commitment) => commitment,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<Commitment<ChainConfig>> for ResolvableChainConfig {
+    fn from(value: Commitment<ChainConfig>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            chain_config: Either::Right(value),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<ChainConfig> for ResolvableChainConfig {
+    fn from(value: ChainConfig) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            chain_config: Either::Left(value),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for ChainConfig {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            chain_id: U256::from(35353).into(), // arbitrarily chosen chain ID
+            max_block_size: 30720.into(),
+            base_fee: 0.into(),
+            fee_contract: None,
+            fee_recipient: Default::default(),
+            bid_recipient: None,
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/v0_3/header.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/v0_3/header.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef88bb666a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/v0_3/header.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+use super::{
+    BlockMerkleCommitment, FeeInfo, FeeMerkleCommitment, L1BlockInfo, ResolvableChainConfig,
+    SolverAuctionResults,
+};
+use crate::hotshot_types::{BuilderCommitment, VidCommitment};
+use crate::NsTable;
+use ark_serialize::CanonicalSerialize;
+use committable::{Commitment, Committable, RawCommitmentBuilder};
+use ethers_core::types::Signature as BuilderSignature;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize, Hash, PartialEq, Eq)]
+/// A header is like a [`Block`] with the body replaced by a digest.
+pub struct Header {
+    /// A commitment to a ChainConfig or a full ChainConfig.
+    pub(crate) chain_config: ResolvableChainConfig,
+    pub(crate) height: u64,
+    pub(crate) timestamp: u64,
+    pub(crate) l1_head: u64,
+    pub(crate) l1_finalized: Option<L1BlockInfo>,
+    pub(crate) payload_commitment: VidCommitment,
+    pub(crate) builder_commitment: BuilderCommitment,
+    pub(crate) ns_table: NsTable,
+    pub(crate) block_merkle_tree_root: BlockMerkleCommitment,
+    pub(crate) fee_merkle_tree_root: FeeMerkleCommitment,
+    pub(crate) fee_info: Vec<FeeInfo>,
+    pub(crate) builder_signature: Vec<BuilderSignature>,
+    pub(crate) auction_results: SolverAuctionResults,
+}
+
+impl Committable for Header {
+    fn commit(&self) -> Commitment<Self> {
+        let mut bmt_bytes = vec![];
+        self.block_merkle_tree_root
+            .serialize_with_mode(&mut bmt_bytes, ark_serialize::Compress::Yes)
+            .unwrap();
+        let mut fmt_bytes = vec![];
+        self.fee_merkle_tree_root
+            .serialize_with_mode(&mut fmt_bytes, ark_serialize::Compress::Yes)
+            .unwrap();
+
+        RawCommitmentBuilder::new(&Self::tag())
+            .field("chain_config", self.chain_config.commit())
+            .u64_field("height", self.height)
+            .u64_field("timestamp", self.timestamp)
+            .u64_field("l1_head", self.l1_head)
+            .optional("l1_finalized", &self.l1_finalized)
+            .constant_str("payload_commitment")
+            .fixed_size_bytes(self.payload_commitment.as_ref().as_ref())
+            .constant_str("builder_commitment")
+            .fixed_size_bytes(self.builder_commitment.as_ref())
+            .field("ns_table", self.ns_table.commit())
+            .var_size_field("block_merkle_tree_root", &bmt_bytes)
+            .var_size_field("fee_merkle_tree_root", &fmt_bytes)
+            .array_field(
+                "fee_info",
+                &self
+                    .fee_info
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(Committable::commit)
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            )
+            .field("auction_results", self.auction_results.commit())
+            .finalize()
+    }
+
+    fn tag() -> String {
+        "BLOCK".into()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/v0_3/mod.rs b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/v0_3/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e568b23500
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/src/v0_3/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Re-export types which haven't changed since the last minor version.
+pub use super::sequencer_data_structures::{
+    BlockMerkleCommitment, BlockSize, ChainId, FeeAccount, FeeAmount, FeeInfo, FeeMerkleCommitment,
+    L1BlockInfo,
+};
+
+mod auction;
+mod chain_config;
+mod header;
+
+pub use auction::SolverAuctionResults;
+pub use chain_config::*;
+pub use header::Header;
diff --git a/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/vid_srs.json b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/vid_srs.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa0532dceb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/lib/espresso-crypto-helper/vid_srs.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+[5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,249,230,49,207,189,34,111,38,253,239,131,186,97,251,231,171,98,78,190,123,168,209,107,255,67,249,159,40,40,6,54,45,170,10,112,5,212,123,240,59,100,176,247,78,203,61,211,248,240,162,236,254,231,204,82,130,244,195,99,229,121,42,185,166,219,137,228,207,21,151,128,212,130,59,138,190,25,73,54,189,135,81,200,124,137,67,158,163,166,72,205,60,228,214,10,2,67,69,158,23,152,197,51,106,108,140,24,44,111,20,97,192,10,96,210,7,20,82,156,180,146,61,234,226,186,158,167,161,118,140,215,125,138,226,57,182,7,222,71,91,232,103,156,194,54,190,135,208,45,8,92,144,114,46,122,185,203,237,11,33,101,226,121,255,196,55,110,254,210,246,234,12,28,192,114,52,238,47,69,188,187,4,105,47,171,163,58,184,49,228,209,152,214,96,132,233,17,76,177,73,144,41,127,136,58,178,129,238,30,130,27,98,71,103,194,185,19,190,176,246,65,206,86,42,124,44,239,166,174,161,44,209,192,86,134,199,56,99,125,130,213,222,37,231,228,109,143,125,84,218,221,227,45,143,169,154,237,246,146,217,92,189,222,70,221,218,94,247,212,34,67,103,121,68,92,94,102,0,106,66,118,30,31,18,239,222,0,24,194,18,243,174,183,133,228,151,18,231,169,53,51,73,170,241,37,93,251,49,183,191,96,114,58,72,13,146,147,147,142,25,170,125,250,102,1,204,230,76,123,211,67,12,105,231,209,227,143,64,203,141,128,113,171,74,235,109,140,219,165,94,200,18,91,151,34,209,220,218,172,85,243,142,179,112,51,49,75,188,149,51,12,105,173,153,158,236,117,240,95,88,208,137,6,9,176,131,136,147,236,31,35,126,139,7,50,59,7,68,89,159,78,151,181,152,179,181,137,188,194,188,55,184,213,196,24,1,193,131,147,192,250,48,254,78,139,3,142,53,122,216,81,234,232,222,145,7,88,78,255,231,199,241,246,81,178,1,14,38,85,94,204,218,212,135,74,133,162,206,230,150,63,221,230,17,94,97,229,20,66,91,71,86,42,99,192,192,163,189,254,34,228,95,106,218,128,60,65,238,164,155,249,65,70,160,242,156,133,114,154,187,193,86,81,210,227,15,17,247,105,99,252,4,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,237,246,146,217,92,189,222,70,221,218,94,247,212,34,67,103,121,68,92,94,102,0,106,66,118,30,31,18,239,222,0,24,194,18,243,174,183,133,228,151,18,231,169,53,51,73,170,241,37,93,251,49,183,191,96,114,58,72,13,146,147,147,142,25,170,125,250,102,1,204,230,76,123,211,67,12,105,231,209,227,143,64,203,141,128,113,171,74,235,109,140,219,165,94,200,18,91,151,34,209,220,218,172,85,243,142,179,112,51,49,75,188,149,51,12,105,173,153,158,236,117,240,95,88,208,137,6,9,176,131,136,147,236,31,35,126,139,7,50,59,7,68,89,159,78,151,181,152,179,181,137,188,194,188,55,184,213,196,24,1,193,131,147,192,250,48,254,78,139,3,142,53,122,216,81,234,232,222,145,7,88,78,255,231,199,241,246,81,178,1,14,38,85,94,204,218,212,135,74,133,162,206,230,150,63,221,230,17,94,97,229,20,66,91,71,86,42,99,192,192,163,189,254,34,228,95,106,218,128,60,65,238,164,155,249,65,70,160,242,156,133,114,154,187,193,86,81,210,227,15,17,247,105,99,252,4]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/espressocrypto/merkle_proof_test_data.json b/espressocrypto/merkle_proof_test_data.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b71079caf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/merkle_proof_test_data.json
@@ -0,0 +1,548 @@
+{
+  "proof": [
+    {
+      "Leaf": {
+        "value": "FIELD~jr9tXVfv2gkbW1-4wwTSiSOdjSgdAGtmFUsGGrdfwslH",
+        "pos": "FIELD~AQAAAAAAAADo",
+        "elem": "FIELD~gD6pmadEiJi4gaK_pB3B2iXqEhYEiNlDoPswEoUdcmH7"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~3z9fN-iUUwPdvWoR7lDf1jh_PVzIkyewzyt4uPN-FNBB"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~jr9tXVfv2gkbW1-4wwTSiSOdjSgdAGtmFUsGGrdfwslH"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~t_QJoO2RY0cpjgCoL6oGOKzH7OJnbr0XD6xEfbQKAKcA"
+            }
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~xvAIt51EdmFWgZfMd8HOS4SeE0l_0NQA3Ri8lNFgV1HL"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~oM6IlzZYEr887TdMbUPwI6WHvz05WA9cSmtzGD_SlaQl"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~VuxjkuE6ScgO1Q-BgZqfcE74cruzZyHt3aAflPQA-xIB"
+            }
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~aE3umwJP5Wxby08dSbbvrePITT7XalvUnPSzJ-ZWng1T"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~8wH3jf5458KMdPkvyp9BukvERjdW6I99K_OTR0cafD4-"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~4GQkVV0earyB-RRsl-De5Ircta1ldHGswH2sQnGKnUD_"
+            }
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~rh6CE7pUqSw3se_qdktI3GrY811qRN8OfeAFbEivfIWk"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~O9MLnSq7qv8SB0hfyoxCRthe2UV_nNCME37ge_wk6xsN"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~-zeL-oXBCzJq6cVx2jrdqFe_J82_m-Oh2KhsK5Rqs8JP"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~06NzPztH3uT0ivUPWIjU9Tq9CQzN_laCBVDuTvLKGbon"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~mk4SayYZGjwHLQG0YoqwG7tGTrKFQMytZasnB5QN5UZB"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~dsWyix73TcK80q49oiGmEqzWqR8oIsfjReogVyAkfQ0P"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~FjpEExwINQ1Xgs_nDdSMOkuAYwo-lHCt1KrBXoFf_LSL"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~XGTceQX-msI2oyzw7PwvGKt4bOBgrTHXSAENr78_0U6p"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~epY9M7XPeUARbAhPSIIW8POLl5JCcBsn9t05edLzq5YG"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~q0E5nM1XPN9objZpxbAO-piW6cWJFEiXSh5A-CiQZmob"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~v4WDpolSDLR2lUqc2lYc8_zSMpzjRnq9Lh4kjE4Ay9R4"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~5SSV5BTgfnusxlm0OJBk20kupMePPBbBt___I73ZLy7P"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~Dwrc1SJVkdz7q8gK4-wtgoMdA2YUYZdDWJtQ-wzcPnRb"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~bGVDqphMtIR4F4qFuVb5Rzto3LZOLx66Ia8lElHlOhcY"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~I0YU9-e15EpDIDO1xUvbGi9NQFaTE0Ffm_EIS8QFMcWL"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~Yv7PkdU2ukKlQV0JeqsccvkOXB-jRmxNj9AaMuBEi_eJ"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~9G2nQWB5G91jFiPm3M2AV9oVv0cS-ngzeZE78GXc94YC"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~SW292cUyXRY9-8f2HyNLgfswekO7INibuCsaQApAbXNj"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~yfULzrVppgGolz_BKWEW2bDnB_M4cwBt7CjbedgPojs9"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~cugJL4YVJ2yXXM-DTWyr-2LcWXRBwd6wiwuq56afJfHQ"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~2kgFeaU_CFugCMCfeEEYYaJPCYJYM_6gXyoHEN4mZzTL"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~5ufZAucZW6KqJxtgovfiFFjLvFRKPYIXE3wYzmGhu9ZA"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~1_BLKIKAytZ9w8RdZtoQUysvumjS5H3vzUoZwf7doc8T"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~TW7Wibe7_6jcmFlxKJtaIBcjQc_LGXxEpllZ0ntdyaKi"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~uyvk_8lpqEYZ-dFJfJ0iOLd9ZUMd-9JqFRYj-3K0o8eb"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~qg9ryCpY6L2_N6zWXCUQBLzHeldYEZn3KH0-VNxvZM3w"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~BZXZ9d5k2eP3-RYFngPFyIEog1rEI_5D4ARIj6OvtKIe"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~WKdC3PVAQjQa8YPvpZLen1dwum7nEEtKgjzzkFzBATfA"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~ywnYExXQ8ta58-IoLSVielGmwOB6EuXTyP6qeuFXDIPL"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "Branch": {
+        "value": "FIELD~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "ForgettenSubtree": {
+              "value": "FIELD~xT9olWHA7rnuJUY9P23gQ7fYpnA39j_9XaIbi3XTfDdo"
+            }
+          },
+          "Empty",
+          "Empty"
+        ]
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "header": {
+    "version": { "Version": { "major": 0, "minor": 3 } },
+    "fields": {
+      "chain_config": {
+        "chain_config": {
+          "Left": {
+            "chain_id": "35353",
+            "max_block_size": "30720",
+            "base_fee": "0",
+            "fee_contract": null,
+            "fee_recipient": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+            "bid_recipient": null
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "height": 1,
+      "timestamp": 1730161780,
+      "l1_head": 1,
+      "l1_finalized": {
+        "number": 0,
+        "timestamp": "0x67202c64",
+        "hash": "0x00699408692568ff48c468b4fde0063209d1eaaaef715f4cb5a5ace9dd8726b1"
+      },
+      "payload_commitment": "HASH~L80VG4KV6LO_jsZO3hc1I0F5YKjbbLxWnemiWkWPkTU5",
+      "builder_commitment": "BUILDER_COMMITMENT~tEvs0rxqOiMCvfe2R0omNNaphSlUiEDrb2q0IZpRcgA_",
+      "ns_table": { "bytes": "AAAAAA==" },
+      "block_merkle_tree_root": "MERKLE_COMM~H_rqdvlVRna8PtqiF4-LktNw4xglVy97IYbaHKXcUycgAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAA2Q",
+      "fee_merkle_tree_root": "MERKLE_COMM~XZo7X2To_xdKCieITCYOQyB3jDcOVsIcY_mFbZlH6NAUAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAArw",
+      "fee_info": [
+        {
+          "account": "0xb0cfa4e5893107e2995974ef032957752bb526e9",
+          "amount": "0"
+        }
+      ],
+      "builder_signature": [
+        {
+          "r": "0x1ed4ce0884520709271535bbef06a114ea47236935148ee724fd6bb33c693b96",
+          "s": "0x66c2148840fd27b97639eac03e309781e824baae6dd5aface1f356184f676fc3",
+          "v": 27
+        }
+      ],
+      "auction_results": {
+        "view_number": 0,
+        "winning_bids": [],
+        "reserve_bids": []
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "header_commitment": [
+    128, 62, 169, 153, 167, 68, 136, 152, 184, 129, 162, 191, 164, 29, 193, 218,
+    37, 234, 18, 22, 4, 136, 217, 67, 160, 251, 48, 18, 133, 29, 114, 97
+  ],
+  "block_merkle_root": "MERKLE_COMM~hgo2QfXdj-YpouFIHiVJQtU2Gtgrwjr3i1F_kmspKH8gAAAAAAAAACwAAAAAAAAArg",
+  "block_merkle_root_bytes": [
+    134, 10, 54, 65, 245, 221, 143, 230, 41, 162, 225, 72, 30, 37, 73, 66, 213,
+    54, 26, 216, 43, 194, 58, 247, 139, 81, 127, 146, 107, 41, 40, 127
+  ],
+  "hotshot_commitment": [
+    31, 49, 179, 162, 135, 255, 147, 182, 228, 48, 119, 184, 251, 157, 220, 207,
+    126, 129, 194, 197, 75, 82, 196, 105, 6, 127, 201, 10, 127, 168, 37, 41
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/espressocrypto/namespace_proof_test_data.json b/espressocrypto/namespace_proof_test_data.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71203aa6a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/namespace_proof_test_data.json
@@ -0,0 +1,593 @@
+{
+    "ns_proof": [
+        123,
+        34,
+        110,
+        115,
+        95,
+        105,
+        110,
+        100,
+        101,
+        120,
+        34,
+        58,
+        91,
+        49,
+        44,
+        48,
+        44,
+        48,
+        44,
+        48,
+        93,
+        44,
+        34,
+        110,
+        115,
+        95,
+        112,
+        97,
+        121,
+        108,
+        111,
+        97,
+        100,
+        34,
+        58,
+        34,
+        65,
+        119,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        69,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        68,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        66,
+        103,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        66,
+        81,
+        97,
+        43,
+        109,
+        57,
+        73,
+        75,
+        65,
+        61,
+        61,
+        34,
+        44,
+        34,
+        110,
+        115,
+        95,
+        112,
+        114,
+        111,
+        111,
+        102,
+        34,
+        58,
+        123,
+        34,
+        112,
+        114,
+        101,
+        102,
+        105,
+        120,
+        95,
+        101,
+        108,
+        101,
+        109,
+        115,
+        34,
+        58,
+        34,
+        70,
+        73,
+        69,
+        76,
+        68,
+        126,
+        65,
+        81,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        68,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        66,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        107,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        80,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        101,
+        118,
+        85,
+        82,
+        51,
+        74,
+        55,
+        90,
+        54,
+        110,
+        116,
+        54,
+        78,
+        109,
+        85,
+        56,
+        86,
+        112,
+        76,
+        75,
+        65,
+        68,
+        103,
+        34,
+        44,
+        34,
+        115,
+        117,
+        102,
+        102,
+        105,
+        120,
+        95,
+        101,
+        108,
+        101,
+        109,
+        115,
+        34,
+        58,
+        34,
+        70,
+        73,
+        69,
+        76,
+        68,
+        126,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        68,
+        55,
+        34,
+        44,
+        34,
+        112,
+        114,
+        101,
+        102,
+        105,
+        120,
+        95,
+        98,
+        121,
+        116,
+        101,
+        115,
+        34,
+        58,
+        91,
+        93,
+        44,
+        34,
+        115,
+        117,
+        102,
+        102,
+        105,
+        120,
+        95,
+        98,
+        121,
+        116,
+        101,
+        115,
+        34,
+        58,
+        91,
+        93,
+        125,
+        125
+    ],
+    "vid_commit": [
+        72,
+        65,
+        83,
+        72,
+        126,
+        73,
+        111,
+        104,
+        90,
+        122,
+        71,
+        67,
+        115,
+        76,
+        89,
+        99,
+        51,
+        72,
+        113,
+        104,
+        115,
+        56,
+        112,
+        121,
+        99,
+        50,
+        49,
+        87,
+        81,
+        88,
+        69,
+        88,
+        67,
+        75,
+        77,
+        74,
+        45,
+        107,
+        86,
+        71,
+        55,
+        112,
+        80,
+        82,
+        81,
+        76,
+        121,
+        88,
+        112
+    ],
+    "vid_common": [
+        123,
+        34,
+        112,
+        111,
+        108,
+        121,
+        95,
+        99,
+        111,
+        109,
+        109,
+        105,
+        116,
+        115,
+        34,
+        58,
+        34,
+        70,
+        73,
+        69,
+        76,
+        68,
+        126,
+        65,
+        81,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        65,
+        68,
+        51,
+        115,
+        68,
+        111,
+        108,
+        109,
+        118,
+        55,
+        79,
+        111,
+        101,
+        89,
+        55,
+        78,
+        113,
+        121,
+        48,
+        104,
+        117,
+        115,
+        66,
+        65,
+        90,
+        121,
+        45,
+        113,
+        81,
+        68,
+        100,
+        65,
+        100,
+        112,
+        122,
+        68,
+        106,
+        66,
+        73,
+        78,
+        53,
+        48,
+        65,
+        106,
+        104,
+        48,
+        34,
+        44,
+        34,
+        97,
+        108,
+        108,
+        95,
+        101,
+        118,
+        97,
+        108,
+        115,
+        95,
+        100,
+        105,
+        103,
+        101,
+        115,
+        116,
+        34,
+        58,
+        34,
+        70,
+        73,
+        69,
+        76,
+        68,
+        126,
+        76,
+        120,
+        97,
+        78,
+        98,
+        114,
+        104,
+        107,
+        119,
+        117,
+        121,
+        51,
+        122,
+        54,
+        122,
+        83,
+        66,
+        111,
+        97,
+        71,
+        75,
+        55,
+        114,
+        53,
+        99,
+        50,
+        86,
+        120,
+        57,
+        85,
+        120,
+        121,
+        50,
+        75,
+        111,
+        80,
+        48,
+        77,
+        54,
+        101,
+        121,
+        121,
+        79,
+        101,
+        34,
+        44,
+        34,
+        112,
+        97,
+        121,
+        108,
+        111,
+        97,
+        100,
+        95,
+        98,
+        121,
+        116,
+        101,
+        95,
+        108,
+        101,
+        110,
+        34,
+        58,
+        53,
+        51,
+        44,
+        34,
+        110,
+        117,
+        109,
+        95,
+        115,
+        116,
+        111,
+        114,
+        97,
+        103,
+        101,
+        95,
+        110,
+        111,
+        100,
+        101,
+        115,
+        34,
+        58,
+        52,
+        44,
+        34,
+        109,
+        117,
+        108,
+        116,
+        105,
+        112,
+        108,
+        105,
+        99,
+        105,
+        116,
+        121,
+        34,
+        58,
+        49,
+        125
+    ],
+    "namespace": 3911702764,
+    "ns_table": [
+        2,
+        0,
+        0,
+        0,
+        36,
+        45,
+        0,
+        179,
+        31,
+        0,
+        0,
+        0,
+        236,
+        216,
+        39,
+        233,
+        53,
+        0,
+        0,
+        0
+    ],
+    "tx_commit": [
+        102,
+        101,
+        48,
+        53,
+        48,
+        53,
+        97,
+        51,
+        54,
+        98,
+        101,
+        57,
+        97,
+        100,
+        49,
+        100,
+        56,
+        53,
+        48,
+        57,
+        102,
+        55,
+        101,
+        100,
+        50,
+        56,
+        102,
+        52,
+        101,
+        97,
+        98,
+        100,
+        57,
+        54,
+        100,
+        50,
+        99,
+        51,
+        99,
+        101,
+        50,
+        52,
+        97,
+        100,
+        99,
+        100,
+        97,
+        99,
+        97,
+        102,
+        48,
+        100,
+        49,
+        57,
+        52,
+        97,
+        97,
+        52,
+        49,
+        99,
+        49,
+        102,
+        97,
+        99
+    ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/espressocrypto/native.go b/espressocrypto/native.go
index 312265eb0c..ced28f1739 100644
--- a/espressocrypto/native.go
+++ b/espressocrypto/native.go
@@ -1,11 +1,68 @@
-//go:build !wasm
-// +build !wasm
-
 package espressocrypto
 
-func verifyNamespace(namespace uint64, proof []byte, block_comm []byte, ns_table []byte, tx_comm []byte, common_data []byte) {
+/*
+#cgo LDFLAGS: -L${SRCDIR}/../target/lib/ -lespresso_crypto_helper
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+bool verify_merkle_proof_helper(
+    const uint8_t* proof_ptr, size_t proof_len,
+    const uint8_t* header_ptr, size_t header_len,
+    const uint8_t* block_comm_ptr, size_t block_comm_len,
+    const uint8_t* circuit_block_ptr, size_t circuit_block_len
+);
+bool verify_namespace_helper(
+    uint64_t namespace,
+    const uint8_t* proof_ptr, size_t proof_len,
+    const uint8_t* commit_ptr, size_t commit_len,
+    const uint8_t* ns_table_ptr, size_t ns_table_len,
+    const uint8_t* tx_comm_ptr, size_t tx_comm_len,
+    const uint8_t* common_data_ptr, size_t common_data_len
+);
+*/
+import "C"
+import "unsafe"
+
+func verifyNamespace(namespace uint64, proof []byte, blockComm []byte, nsTable []byte, txComm []byte, commonData []byte) bool {
+	c_namespace := C.uint64_t(namespace)
+
+	proofPtr := (*C.uint8_t)(unsafe.Pointer(&proof[0]))
+	proofLen := C.size_t(len(proof))
+
+	blockCommPtr := (*C.uint8_t)(unsafe.Pointer(&blockComm[0]))
+	blockCommLen := C.size_t(len(blockComm))
+
+	nsTablePtr := (*C.uint8_t)(unsafe.Pointer(&nsTable[0]))
+	nsTableLen := C.size_t(len(nsTable))
+
+	txCommPtr := (*C.uint8_t)(unsafe.Pointer(&txComm[0]))
+	txCommLen := C.size_t(len(txComm))
+
+	commonDataPtr := (*C.uint8_t)(unsafe.Pointer(&commonData[0]))
+	commonDataLen := C.size_t(len(commonData))
+
+	valid_namespace_proof := bool(C.verify_namespace_helper(
+		c_namespace, proofPtr, proofLen, blockCommPtr, blockCommLen, nsTablePtr, nsTableLen, txCommPtr, txCommLen, commonDataPtr, commonDataLen))
+
+	return valid_namespace_proof
 }
 
-func verifyMerkleProof(proof []byte, header []byte, block_comm []byte, circuit_comm_bytes []byte) {
+func verifyMerkleProof(proof []byte, header []byte, blockComm []byte, circuitBlock []byte) bool {
+
+	proofPtr := (*C.uint8_t)(unsafe.Pointer(&proof[0]))
+	proofLen := C.size_t(len(proof))
+
+	headerPtr := (*C.uint8_t)(unsafe.Pointer(&header[0]))
+	headerLen := C.size_t(len(header))
+
+	blockCommPtr := (*C.uint8_t)(unsafe.Pointer(&blockComm[0]))
+	blockCommLen := C.size_t(len(blockComm))
+
+	circuitBlockPtr := (*C.uint8_t)(unsafe.Pointer(&circuitBlock[0]))
+	circuitBlockLen := C.size_t(len(circuitBlock))
+
+	valid_merkle_proof := bool(C.verify_merkle_proof_helper(proofPtr, proofLen, headerPtr, headerLen, blockCommPtr, blockCommLen, circuitBlockPtr, circuitBlockLen))
+
+	return valid_merkle_proof
 
 }
diff --git a/espressocrypto/native_test.go b/espressocrypto/native_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..26149b9a40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocrypto/native_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+package espressocrypto
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+type merkleProofTestData struct {
+	Proof             json.RawMessage `json:"proof"`
+	Header            json.RawMessage `json:"header"`
+	HeaderCommitment  []uint8         `json:"header_commitment"`
+	BlockMerkleRoot   string          `json:"block_merkle_root"`
+	HotShotCommitment []uint8         `json:"hotshot_commitment"`
+}
+
+func TestMerkleProofVerification(t *testing.T) {
+	file, err := os.Open("./merkle_proof_test_data.json")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to open file: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	bytes, err := io.ReadAll(file)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to read file")
+	}
+
+	var data merkleProofTestData
+
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(bytes, &data); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to unmarshal the test data")
+	}
+
+	r := verifyMerkleProof(data.Proof, data.Header, []byte(data.BlockMerkleRoot), data.HotShotCommitment)
+	if !r {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to verify the merkle proof")
+	}
+
+	// Tamper with the correct data and see if it will return false
+	data.HotShotCommitment[0] = 1
+
+	r = verifyMerkleProof(data.Proof, data.Header, []byte(data.BlockMerkleRoot), data.HotShotCommitment)
+	if r {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to verify the merkle proof")
+	}
+
+}
+
+type namespaceProofTestData struct {
+	NsProof   []uint8 `json:"ns_proof"`
+	VidCommit []uint8 `json:"vid_commit"`
+	VidCommon []uint8 `json:"vid_common"`
+	Namespace uint64  `json:"namespace"`
+	NsTable   []uint8 `json:"ns_table"`
+	TxCommit  []uint8 `json:"tx_commit"`
+}
+
+func TestNamespaceProofVerification(t *testing.T) {
+	file, err := os.Open("./namespace_proof_test_data.json")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to open file: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	bytes, err := io.ReadAll(file)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to read file")
+	}
+
+	var data namespaceProofTestData
+
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(bytes, &data); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to unmarshal the test data")
+	}
+
+	r := verifyNamespace(data.Namespace, data.NsProof, data.VidCommit, data.NsTable, data.TxCommit, data.VidCommon)
+	if !r {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to verify the namespace proof")
+	}
+
+	// Tamper with the correct data and see if it will return false
+	data.Namespace = 1
+
+	r = verifyNamespace(data.Namespace, data.NsProof, data.VidCommit, data.NsTable, data.TxCommit, data.VidCommon)
+	if r {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to verify the namespace proof")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/espressocryptowasm/espressocrypto_common.go b/espressocryptowasm/espressocrypto_common.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8de0b7052c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocryptowasm/espressocrypto_common.go
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
+// For license information, see https://github.com/nitro/blob/master/LICENSE
+
+package espressocryptowasm
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"encoding/json"
+
+	espressoTypes "github.com/EspressoSystems/espresso-sequencer-go/types"
+)
+
+// TODO move to espresso-go-sequencer: https://github.com/EspressoSystems/nitro-espresso-integration/issues/88
+func hashTxns(namespace uint32, txns []espressoTypes.Bytes) string {
+	hasher := sha256.New()
+	ns_buf := make([]byte, 4)
+	binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(ns_buf, namespace)
+	hasher.Write(ns_buf)
+	for _, txn := range txns {
+		hasher.Write(txn)
+	}
+	hashResult := hasher.Sum(nil)
+	return hex.EncodeToString(hashResult)
+}
+
+func VerifyNamespace(
+	namespace uint64,
+	proof espressoTypes.NamespaceProof,
+	block_comm espressoTypes.TaggedBase64,
+	ns_table espressoTypes.NsTable,
+	txs []espressoTypes.Bytes,
+	common_data json.RawMessage,
+) {
+	// TODO: this code will likely no longer be used in the STF soon.
+	// G115: integer overflow conversion uint64 -> uint32 (gosec)
+	// #nosec G115
+	var txnComm = hashTxns(uint32(namespace), txs)
+	verifyNamespace(
+		namespace,
+		proof,
+		[]byte(block_comm.String()),
+		ns_table.Bytes,
+		[]byte(txnComm),
+		common_data,
+	)
+}
+
+func VerifyMerkleProof(
+	proof json.RawMessage,
+	header json.RawMessage,
+	blockComm espressoTypes.TaggedBase64,
+	circuit_comm_bytes espressoTypes.Commitment,
+) {
+	verifyMerkleProof(proof, header, []byte(blockComm.String()), circuit_comm_bytes[:])
+}
diff --git a/espressocryptowasm/espressocrypto_wasm.go b/espressocryptowasm/espressocrypto_wasm.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..425d8b1839
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocryptowasm/espressocrypto_wasm.go
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright 2021-2022, Offchain Labs, Inc.
+// For license information, see https://github.com/nitro/blob/master/LICENSE
+
+//go:build wasm
+// +build wasm
+
+package espressocryptowasm
+
+import (
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/offchainlabs/nitro/arbutil"
+)
+
+//go:wasmimport espressocrypto verifyNamespace
+func verify_namespace(
+	namespace uint64,
+	proof_ptr unsafe.Pointer,
+	proof_len uint64,
+	block_comm_ptr unsafe.Pointer,
+	block_comm_len uint64,
+	ns_table_ptr unsafe.Pointer,
+	ns_table_len uint64,
+	tx_comm_ptr unsafe.Pointer,
+	tx_comm_len uint64,
+	vid_comm_ptr unsafe.Pointer,
+	vid_comm_len uint64,
+)
+
+//go:wasmimport espressocrypto verifyMerkleProof
+func verify_merkle_proof(
+	proof_ptr unsafe.Pointer,
+	proof_len uint64,
+	header_ptr unsafe.Pointer,
+	header_len uint64,
+	block_comm_ptr unsafe.Pointer,
+	block_comm_len uint64,
+	circuit_comm_ptr unsafe.Pointer,
+	circuit_comm_len uint64,
+)
+
+func verifyNamespace(namespace uint64, proof []byte, block_comm []byte, ns_table []byte, tx_comm []byte, common_data []byte) {
+	verify_namespace(
+		namespace,
+		arbutil.SliceToUnsafePointer(proof), uint64(len(proof)),
+		arbutil.SliceToUnsafePointer(block_comm), uint64(len(block_comm)),
+		arbutil.SliceToUnsafePointer(ns_table), uint64(len(ns_table)),
+		arbutil.SliceToUnsafePointer(tx_comm), uint64(len(tx_comm)),
+		arbutil.SliceToUnsafePointer(common_data), uint64(len(common_data)),
+	)
+}
+
+func verifyMerkleProof(proof []byte, header []byte, block_comm []byte, circuit_comm []byte) {
+	verify_merkle_proof(
+		arbutil.SliceToUnsafePointer(proof), uint64(len(proof)),
+		arbutil.SliceToUnsafePointer(header), uint64(len(header)),
+		arbutil.SliceToUnsafePointer(block_comm), uint64(len(block_comm)),
+		arbutil.SliceToUnsafePointer(circuit_comm), uint64(len(circuit_comm)),
+	)
+}
diff --git a/espressocryptowasm/native.go b/espressocryptowasm/native.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d397097093
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espressocryptowasm/native.go
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//go:build !wasm
+// +build !wasm
+
+package espressocryptowasm
+
+func verifyNamespace(namespace uint64, proof []byte, block_comm []byte, ns_table []byte, tx_comm []byte, common_data []byte) {
+}
+
+func verifyMerkleProof(proof []byte, header []byte, block_comm []byte, circuit_comm_bytes []byte) {
+
+}
diff --git a/flake.nix b/flake.nix
index aedfb669d7..040ac022c4 100644
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
   outputs = { flake-utils, nixpkgs, foundry, rust-overlay, ... }:
     let
-      goVersion = 21; # Change this to update the whole stack
+      goVersion = 22; # Change this to update the whole stack
       overlays = [
         (import rust-overlay)
         (final: prev: rec {