db.c

#include "db.h"

#include <ccan/array_size/array_size.h>
#include <ccan/tal/str/str.h>
#include <common/json_escaped.h>
#include <common/version.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <lightningd/lightningd.h>
#include <lightningd/log.h>

#define DB_FILE "lightningd.sqlite3"

/* For testing, we want to catch fatal messages. */
#ifndef db_fatal
#define db_fatal fatal
#endif

struct migration {
	const char *sql;
	void (*func)(struct lightningd *ld, struct db *db);
};

void migrate_pr2342_feerate_per_channel(struct lightningd *ld, struct db *db);

/* Do not reorder or remove elements from this array, it is used to
 * migrate existing databases from a previous state, based on the
 * string indices */
static struct migration dbmigrations[] = {
	{ "CREATE TABLE version (version INTEGER)", NULL },
	{ "INSERT INTO version VALUES (1)", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE outputs ( \
       prev_out_tx CHAR(64),			 \
       prev_out_index INTEGER,			 \
       value INTEGER,				 \
       type INTEGER,				 \
       status INTEGER,				 \
       keyindex INTEGER,			 \
       PRIMARY KEY (prev_out_tx, prev_out_index) \
    );", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE vars (name VARCHAR(32), val VARCHAR(255), PRIMARY KEY (name));", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE shachains (                    \
       id INTEGER,				 \
       min_index INTEGER,			 \
       num_valid INTEGER,			 \
       PRIMARY KEY (id));", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE shachain_known (                                      \
       shachain_id INTEGER REFERENCES shachains(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,	\
       pos INTEGER,							\
       idx INTEGER,							\
       hash BLOB,							\
       PRIMARY KEY (shachain_id, pos));", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE channels ("
	  "  id INTEGER," /* chan->id */
	  "  peer_id INTEGER REFERENCES peers(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,"
	  "  short_channel_id BLOB,"
	  "  channel_config_local INTEGER,"
	  "  channel_config_remote INTEGER,"
	  "  state INTEGER,"
	  "  funder INTEGER,"
	  "  channel_flags INTEGER,"
	  "  minimum_depth INTEGER,"
	  "  next_index_local INTEGER,"
	  "  next_index_remote INTEGER,"
	  "  next_htlc_id INTEGER, "
	  "  funding_tx_id BLOB,"
	  "  funding_tx_outnum INTEGER,"
	  "  funding_satoshi INTEGER,"
	  "  funding_locked_remote INTEGER,"
	  "  push_msatoshi INTEGER,"
	  "  msatoshi_local INTEGER," /* our_msatoshi */
	  /* START channel_info */
	  "  fundingkey_remote BLOB,"
	  "  revocation_basepoint_remote BLOB,"
	  "  payment_basepoint_remote BLOB,"
	  "  htlc_basepoint_remote BLOB,"
	  "  delayed_payment_basepoint_remote BLOB,"
	  "  per_commit_remote BLOB,"
	  "  old_per_commit_remote BLOB,"
	  "  local_feerate_per_kw INTEGER,"
	  "  remote_feerate_per_kw INTEGER,"
	  /* END channel_info */
	  "  shachain_remote_id INTEGER,"
	  "  shutdown_scriptpubkey_remote BLOB,"
	  "  shutdown_keyidx_local INTEGER,"
	  "  last_sent_commit_state INTEGER,"
	  "  last_sent_commit_id INTEGER,"
	  "  last_tx BLOB,"
	  "  last_sig BLOB,"
	  "  closing_fee_received INTEGER,"
	  "  closing_sig_received BLOB,"
	  "  PRIMARY KEY (id)"
	  ");", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE peers ("
	  "  id INTEGER,"
	  "  node_id BLOB UNIQUE," /* pubkey */
	  "  address TEXT,"
	  "  PRIMARY KEY (id)"
	  ");", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE channel_configs ("
	  "  id INTEGER,"
	  "  dust_limit_satoshis INTEGER,"
	  "  max_htlc_value_in_flight_msat INTEGER,"
	  "  channel_reserve_satoshis INTEGER,"
	  "  htlc_minimum_msat INTEGER,"
	  "  to_self_delay INTEGER,"
	  "  max_accepted_htlcs INTEGER,"
	  "  PRIMARY KEY (id)"
	  ");", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE channel_htlcs ("
	  "  id INTEGER,"
	  "  channel_id INTEGER REFERENCES channels(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,"
	  "  channel_htlc_id INTEGER,"
	  "  direction INTEGER,"
	  "  origin_htlc INTEGER,"
	  "  msatoshi INTEGER,"
	  "  cltv_expiry INTEGER,"
	  "  payment_hash BLOB,"
	  "  payment_key BLOB,"
	  "  routing_onion BLOB,"
	  "  failuremsg BLOB,"
	  "  malformed_onion INTEGER,"
	  "  hstate INTEGER,"
	  "  shared_secret BLOB,"
	  "  PRIMARY KEY (id),"
	  "  UNIQUE (channel_id, channel_htlc_id, direction)"
	  ");", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE invoices ("
	  "  id INTEGER,"
	  "  state INTEGER,"
	  "  msatoshi INTEGER,"
	  "  payment_hash BLOB,"
	  "  payment_key BLOB,"
	  "  label TEXT,"
	  "  PRIMARY KEY (id),"
	  "  UNIQUE (label),"
	  "  UNIQUE (payment_hash)"
	  ");", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE payments ("
	  "  id INTEGER,"
	  "  timestamp INTEGER,"
	  "  status INTEGER,"
	  "  payment_hash BLOB,"
	  "  direction INTEGER,"
	  "  destination BLOB,"
	  "  msatoshi INTEGER,"
	  "  PRIMARY KEY (id),"
	  "  UNIQUE (payment_hash)"
	  ");", NULL },
	/* Add expiry field to invoices (effectively infinite). */
	{ "ALTER TABLE invoices ADD expiry_time INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "UPDATE invoices SET expiry_time=9223372036854775807;", NULL },
	/* Add pay_index field to paid invoices (initially, same order as id). */
	{ "ALTER TABLE invoices ADD pay_index INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "CREATE UNIQUE INDEX invoices_pay_index"
	  "  ON invoices(pay_index);", NULL },
	{ "UPDATE invoices SET pay_index=id WHERE state=1;", NULL }, /* only paid invoice */
	/* Create next_pay_index variable (highest pay_index). */
	{ "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO vars(name, val)"
	  "  VALUES('next_pay_index', "
	  "    COALESCE((SELECT MAX(pay_index) FROM invoices WHERE state=1), 0) + 1"
	  "  );", NULL },
	/* Create first_block field; initialize from channel id if any.
	 * This fails for channels still awaiting lockin, but that only applies to
	 * pre-release software, so it's forgivable. */
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD first_blocknum INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "UPDATE channels SET first_blocknum=CAST(short_channel_id AS INTEGER) WHERE short_channel_id IS NOT NULL;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE outputs ADD COLUMN channel_id INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE outputs ADD COLUMN peer_id BLOB;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE outputs ADD COLUMN commitment_point BLOB;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE invoices ADD COLUMN msatoshi_received INTEGER;", NULL },
	/* Normally impossible, so at least we'll know if databases are ancient. */
	{ "UPDATE invoices SET msatoshi_received=0 WHERE state=1;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD COLUMN last_was_revoke INTEGER;", NULL },
	/* We no longer record incoming payments: invoices cover that.
	 * Without ALTER_TABLE DROP COLUMN support we need to do this by
	 * rename & copy, which works because there are no triggers etc. */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments RENAME TO temp_payments;", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE payments ("
	  "  id INTEGER,"
	  "  timestamp INTEGER,"
	  "  status INTEGER,"
	  "  payment_hash BLOB,"
	  "  destination BLOB,"
	  "  msatoshi INTEGER,"
	  "  PRIMARY KEY (id),"
	  "  UNIQUE (payment_hash)"
	  ");", NULL },
	{ "INSERT INTO payments SELECT id, timestamp, status, payment_hash, destination, msatoshi FROM temp_payments WHERE direction=1;", NULL },
	{ "DROP TABLE temp_payments;", NULL },
	/* We need to keep the preimage in case they ask to pay again. */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD COLUMN payment_preimage BLOB;", NULL },
	/* We need to keep the shared secrets to decode error returns. */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD COLUMN path_secrets BLOB;", NULL },
	/* Create time-of-payment of invoice, default already-paid
	 * invoices to current time. */
	{ "ALTER TABLE invoices ADD paid_timestamp INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "UPDATE invoices"
	  "   SET paid_timestamp = strftime('%s', 'now')"
	  " WHERE state = 1;", NULL },
	/* We need to keep the route node pubkeys and short channel ids to
	 * correctly mark routing failures. We separate short channel ids
	 * because we cannot safely save them as blobs due to byteorder
	 * concerns. */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD COLUMN route_nodes BLOB;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD COLUMN route_channels TEXT;", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE htlc_sigs (channelid INTEGER REFERENCES channels(id) ON DELETE CASCADE, signature BLOB);", NULL },
	{ "CREATE INDEX channel_idx ON htlc_sigs (channelid)", NULL },
	/* Get rid of OPENINGD entries; we don't put them in db any more */
	{ "DELETE FROM channels WHERE state=1", NULL },
	/* Keep track of db upgrades, for debugging */
	{ "CREATE TABLE db_upgrades (upgrade_from INTEGER, lightning_version TEXT);", NULL },
	/* We used not to clean up peers when their channels were gone. */
	{ "DELETE FROM peers WHERE id NOT IN (SELECT peer_id FROM channels);", NULL },
	/* The ONCHAIND_CHEATED/THEIR_UNILATERAL/OUR_UNILATERAL/MUTUAL are now one */
	{ "UPDATE channels SET STATE = 8 WHERE state > 8;", NULL },
	/* Add bolt11 to invoices table*/
	{ "ALTER TABLE invoices ADD bolt11 TEXT;", NULL },
	/* What do we think the head of the blockchain looks like? Used
	 * primarily to track confirmations across restarts and making
	 * sure we handle reorgs correctly. */
	{ "CREATE TABLE blocks (height INT, hash BLOB, prev_hash BLOB, UNIQUE(height));", NULL },
	/* ON DELETE CASCADE would have been nice for confirmation_height,
	 * so that we automatically delete outputs that fall off the
	 * blockchain and then we rediscover them if they are included
	 * again. However, we have the their_unilateral/to_us which we
	 * can't simply recognize from the chain without additional
	 * hints. So we just mark them as unconfirmed should the block
	 * die. */
	{ "ALTER TABLE outputs ADD COLUMN confirmation_height INTEGER REFERENCES blocks(height) ON DELETE SET NULL;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE outputs ADD COLUMN spend_height INTEGER REFERENCES blocks(height) ON DELETE SET NULL;", NULL },
	/* Create a covering index that covers both fields */
	{ "CREATE INDEX output_height_idx ON outputs (confirmation_height, spend_height);", NULL },
	{ "CREATE TABLE utxoset ("
	  " txid BLOB,"
	  " outnum INT,"
	  " blockheight INT REFERENCES blocks(height) ON DELETE CASCADE,"
	  " spendheight INT REFERENCES blocks(height) ON DELETE SET NULL,"
	  " txindex INT,"
	  " scriptpubkey BLOB,"
	  " satoshis BIGINT,"
	  " PRIMARY KEY(txid, outnum));", NULL },
	{ "CREATE INDEX short_channel_id ON utxoset (blockheight, txindex, outnum)", NULL },
	/* Necessary index for long rollbacks of the blockchain, otherwise we're
	 * doing table scans for every block removed. */
	{ "CREATE INDEX utxoset_spend ON utxoset (spendheight)", NULL },
	/* Assign key 0 to unassigned shutdown_keyidx_local. */
	{ "UPDATE channels SET shutdown_keyidx_local=0 WHERE shutdown_keyidx_local = -1;", NULL },
	/* FIXME: We should rename shutdown_keyidx_local to final_key_index */
	/* -- Payment routing failure information -- */
	/* BLOB if failure was due to unparseable onion, NULL otherwise */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD failonionreply BLOB;", NULL },
	/* 0 if we could theoretically retry, 1 if PERM fail at payee */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD faildestperm INTEGER;", NULL },
	/* Contents of routing_failure (only if not unparseable onion) */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD failindex INTEGER;", NULL }, /* erring_index */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD failcode INTEGER;", NULL }, /* failcode */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD failnode BLOB;", NULL }, /* erring_node */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD failchannel BLOB;", NULL }, /* erring_channel */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD failupdate BLOB;", NULL }, /* channel_update - can be NULL*/
	/* -- Payment routing failure information ends -- */
	/* Delete route data for already succeeded or failed payments */
	{ "UPDATE payments"
	  "   SET path_secrets = NULL"
	  "     , route_nodes = NULL"
	  "     , route_channels = NULL"
	  " WHERE status <> 0;", NULL }, /* PAYMENT_PENDING */
	/* -- Routing statistics -- */
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD in_payments_offered INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD in_payments_fulfilled INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD in_msatoshi_offered INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD in_msatoshi_fulfilled INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD out_payments_offered INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD out_payments_fulfilled INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD out_msatoshi_offered INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD out_msatoshi_fulfilled INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "UPDATE channels"
	  "   SET  in_payments_offered = 0,  in_payments_fulfilled = 0"
	  "     ,  in_msatoshi_offered = 0,  in_msatoshi_fulfilled = 0"
	  "     , out_payments_offered = 0, out_payments_fulfilled = 0"
	  "     , out_msatoshi_offered = 0, out_msatoshi_fulfilled = 0"
	  "     ;", NULL },
	/* -- Routing statistics ends --*/
	/* Record the msatoshi actually sent in a payment. */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD msatoshi_sent INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "UPDATE payments SET msatoshi_sent = msatoshi;", NULL },
	/* Delete dangling utxoset entries due to Issue #1280  */
	{ "DELETE FROM utxoset WHERE blockheight IN ("
	  "  SELECT DISTINCT(blockheight)"
	  "  FROM utxoset LEFT OUTER JOIN blocks on (blockheight == blocks.height) "
	  "  WHERE blocks.hash IS NULL"
	  ");", NULL },
	/* Record feerate range, to optimize onchaind grinding actual fees. */
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD min_possible_feerate INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD max_possible_feerate INTEGER;", NULL },
	/* https://bitcoinfees.github.io/#1d says Dec 17 peak was ~1M sat/kb
	 * which is 250,000 sat/Sipa */
	{ "UPDATE channels SET min_possible_feerate=0, max_possible_feerate=250000;", NULL },
	/* -- Min and max msatoshi_to_us -- */
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD msatoshi_to_us_min INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD msatoshi_to_us_max INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "UPDATE channels"
	  "   SET msatoshi_to_us_min = msatoshi_local"
	  "     , msatoshi_to_us_max = msatoshi_local"
	  "     ;", NULL },
	/* -- Min and max msatoshi_to_us ends -- */
	/* Transactions we are interested in. Either we sent them ourselves or we
	 * are watching them. We don't cascade block height deletes so we don't
	 * forget any of them by accident.*/
	{ "CREATE TABLE transactions ("
	  "  id BLOB"
	  ", blockheight INTEGER REFERENCES blocks(height) ON DELETE SET NULL"
	  ", txindex INTEGER"
	  ", rawtx BLOB"
	  ", PRIMARY KEY (id)"
	  ");", NULL },
	/* -- Detailed payment failure -- */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD faildetail TEXT;", NULL },
	{ "UPDATE payments"
	  "   SET faildetail = 'unspecified payment failure reason'"
	  " WHERE status = 2;", NULL }, /* PAYMENT_FAILED */
	/* -- Detailed payment faiure ends -- */
	{ "CREATE TABLE channeltxs ("
	  /* The id serves as insertion order and short ID */
	  "  id INTEGER"
	  ", channel_id INTEGER REFERENCES channels(id) ON DELETE CASCADE"
	  ", type INTEGER"
	  ", transaction_id BLOB REFERENCES transactions(id) ON DELETE CASCADE"
	  /* The input_num is only used by the txo_watch, 0 if txwatch */
	  ", input_num INTEGER"
	  /* The height at which we sent the depth notice */
	  ", blockheight INTEGER REFERENCES blocks(height) ON DELETE CASCADE"
	  ", PRIMARY KEY(id)"
	  ");", NULL },
	/* -- Set the correct rescan height for PR #1398 -- */
	/* Delete blocks that are higher than our initial scan point, this is a
	 * no-op if we don't have a channel. */
	{ "DELETE FROM blocks WHERE height > (SELECT MIN(first_blocknum) FROM channels);", NULL },
	/* Now make sure we have the lower bound block with the first_blocknum
	 * height. This may introduce a block with NULL height if we didn't have any
	 * blocks, remove that in the next. */
	{ "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO blocks (height) VALUES ((SELECT MIN(first_blocknum) FROM channels));", NULL },
	{ "DELETE FROM blocks WHERE height IS NULL;", NULL },
	/* -- End of  PR #1398 -- */
	{ "ALTER TABLE invoices ADD description TEXT;", NULL },
	/* FIXME: payments table 'description' is really a 'label' */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD description TEXT;", NULL },
	/* future_per_commitment_point if other side proves we're out of date -- */
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD future_per_commitment_point BLOB;", NULL },
	/* last_sent_commit array fix */
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD last_sent_commit BLOB;", NULL },
	/* Stats table to track forwarded HTLCs. The values in the HTLCs
	 * and their states are replicated here and the entries are not
	 * deleted when the HTLC entries or the channel entries are
	 * deleted to avoid unexpected drops in statistics. */
	{ "CREATE TABLE forwarded_payments ("
	  "  in_htlc_id INTEGER REFERENCES channel_htlcs(id) ON DELETE SET NULL"
	  ", out_htlc_id INTEGER REFERENCES channel_htlcs(id) ON DELETE SET NULL"
	  ", in_channel_scid INTEGER"
	  ", out_channel_scid INTEGER"
	  ", in_msatoshi INTEGER"
	  ", out_msatoshi INTEGER"
	  ", state INTEGER"
	  ", UNIQUE(in_htlc_id, out_htlc_id)"
	  ");", NULL },
	/* Add a direction for failed payments. */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD faildirection INTEGER;", NULL }, /* erring_direction */
	/* Fix dangling peers with no channels. */
	{ "DELETE FROM peers WHERE id NOT IN (SELECT peer_id FROM channels);", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE outputs ADD scriptpubkey BLOB;", NULL },
	/* Keep bolt11 string for payments. */
	{ "ALTER TABLE payments ADD bolt11 TEXT;", NULL },
	/* PR #2342 feerate per channel */
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD feerate_base INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ "ALTER TABLE channels ADD feerate_ppm INTEGER;", NULL },
	{ NULL, migrate_pr2342_feerate_per_channel },
};

/* Leak tracking. */
#if DEVELOPER
/* We need a global here, since caller has no context.  Yuck! */
static struct list_head db_statements = LIST_HEAD_INIT(db_statements);

struct db_statement {
	struct list_node list;
	sqlite3_stmt *stmt;
	const char *origin;
};

static struct db_statement *find_statement(sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
{
	struct db_statement *i;

	list_for_each(&db_statements, i, list) {
		if (i->stmt == stmt)
			return i;
	}
	return NULL;
}

void db_assert_no_outstanding_statements(void)
{
	struct db_statement *dbstat;

	dbstat = list_top(&db_statements, struct db_statement, list);
	if (dbstat)
		db_fatal("Unfinalized statement %s", dbstat->origin);
}

static void dev_statement_start(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, const char *origin)
{
	struct db_statement *dbstat = tal(NULL, struct db_statement);
	dbstat->stmt = stmt;
	dbstat->origin = origin;
	list_add(&db_statements, &dbstat->list);
}

static void dev_statement_end(sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
{
	struct db_statement *dbstat = find_statement(stmt);
	list_del_from(&db_statements, &dbstat->list);
	tal_free(dbstat);
}
#else
static void dev_statement_start(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, const char *origin)
{
}

static void dev_statement_end(sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
{
}

void db_assert_no_outstanding_statements(void)
{
}
#endif

void db_stmt_done(sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
{
	dev_statement_end(stmt);
	sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
}

sqlite3_stmt *db_prepare_(const char *location, struct db *db, const char *query)
{
	int err;
	sqlite3_stmt *stmt;

	assert(db->in_transaction);

	err = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db->sql, query, -1, &stmt, NULL);

	if (err != SQLITE_OK)
		db_fatal("%s: %s: %s", location, query, sqlite3_errmsg(db->sql));

	dev_statement_start(stmt, location);
	return stmt;
}

void db_exec_prepared_(const char *caller, struct db *db, sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
{
	assert(db->in_transaction);

	if (sqlite3_step(stmt) !=  SQLITE_DONE)
		db_fatal("%s: %s", caller, sqlite3_errmsg(db->sql));

	db_stmt_done(stmt);
}

/* This one doesn't check if we're in a transaction. */
static void db_do_exec(const char *caller, struct db *db, const char *cmd)
{
	char *errmsg;
	int err;

	err = sqlite3_exec(db->sql, cmd, NULL, NULL, &errmsg);
	if (err != SQLITE_OK) {
		db_fatal("%s:%s:%s:%s", caller, sqlite3_errstr(err), cmd, errmsg);
		/* Only reached in testing */
		sqlite3_free(errmsg);
	}
}

static void PRINTF_FMT(3, 4)
    db_exec(const char *caller, struct db *db, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;
	char *cmd;

	assert(db->in_transaction);

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	cmd = tal_vfmt(db, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);

	db_do_exec(caller, db, cmd);
	tal_free(cmd);
}

bool db_exec_prepared_mayfail_(const char *caller UNUSED, struct db *db, sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
{
	assert(db->in_transaction);

	if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
		goto fail;
	}

	db_stmt_done(stmt);
	return true;
fail:
	db_stmt_done(stmt);
	return false;
}

sqlite3_stmt *PRINTF_FMT(3, 4)
    db_query_(const char *location, struct db *db, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;
	char *query;
	sqlite3_stmt *stmt;

	assert(db->in_transaction);

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	query = tal_vfmt(db, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);

	/* Sets stmt to NULL if not SQLITE_OK */
	sqlite3_prepare_v2(db->sql, query, -1, &stmt, NULL);
	tal_free(query);
	if (stmt)
		dev_statement_start(stmt, location);
	return stmt;
}

static void destroy_db(struct db *db)
{
	db_assert_no_outstanding_statements();
	sqlite3_close(db->sql);
}

void db_begin_transaction_(struct db *db, const char *location)
{
	if (db->in_transaction)
		db_fatal("Already in transaction from %s", db->in_transaction);

	db_do_exec(location, db, "BEGIN TRANSACTION;");
	db->in_transaction = location;
}

void db_commit_transaction(struct db *db)
{
	assert(db->in_transaction);
	db_assert_no_outstanding_statements();
	db_exec(__func__, db, "COMMIT;");
	db->in_transaction = NULL;
}

/**
 * db_open - Open or create a sqlite3 database
 */
static struct db *db_open(const tal_t *ctx, char *filename)
{
	int err;
	struct db *db;
	sqlite3 *sql;

	int flags = SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE | SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE;
	err = sqlite3_open_v2(filename, &sql, flags, NULL);

	if (err != SQLITE_OK) {
		db_fatal("failed to open database %s: %s", filename,
			 sqlite3_errstr(err));
	}

	db = tal(ctx, struct db);
	db->filename = tal_strdup(db, filename);
	db->sql = sql;
	tal_add_destructor(db, destroy_db);
	db->in_transaction = NULL;
	db_do_exec(__func__, db, "PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON;");

	return db;
}

/**
 * db_get_version - Determine the current DB schema version
 *
 * Will attempt to determine the current schema version of the
 * database @db by querying the `version` table. If the table does not
 * exist it'll return schema version -1, so that migration 0 is
 * applied, which should create the `version` table.
 */
static int db_get_version(struct db *db)
{
	int err;
	u64 res = -1;
	sqlite3_stmt *stmt = db_query(db, "SELECT version FROM version LIMIT 1");

	if (!stmt)
		return -1;

	err = sqlite3_step(stmt);
	if (err != SQLITE_ROW) {
		db_stmt_done(stmt);
		return -1;
	} else {
		res = sqlite3_column_int64(stmt, 0);
		db_stmt_done(stmt);
		return res;
	}
}

/**
 * db_migrate - Apply all remaining migrations from the current version
 */
static void db_migrate(struct lightningd *ld, struct db *db, struct log *log)
{
	/* Attempt to read the version from the database */
	int current, orig, available;

	db_begin_transaction(db);

	orig = current = db_get_version(db);
	available = ARRAY_SIZE(dbmigrations) - 1;

	if (current == -1)
		log_info(log, "Creating database");
	else if (available < current)
		db_fatal("Refusing to migrate down from version %u to %u",
			 current, available);
	else if (current != available)
		log_info(log, "Updating database from version %u to %u",
			 current, available);

	while (current < available) {
		current++;
		if (dbmigrations[current].sql)
			db_exec(__func__, db, "%s", dbmigrations[current].sql);
		if (dbmigrations[current].func)
			dbmigrations[current].func(ld, db);
	}

	/* Finally update the version number in the version table */
	db_exec(__func__, db, "UPDATE version SET version=%d;", available);

	/* Annotate that we did upgrade, if any. */
	if (current != orig)
		db_exec(__func__, db,
			"INSERT INTO db_upgrades VALUES (%i, '%s');",
			orig, version());

	db_commit_transaction(db);
}

struct db *db_setup(const tal_t *ctx, struct lightningd *ld, struct log *log)
{
	struct db *db = db_open(ctx, DB_FILE);

	db_migrate(ld, db, log);
	return db;
}

void db_close_for_fork(struct db *db)
{
	/* https://www.sqlite.org/faq.html#q6
	 *
	 * Under Unix, you should not carry an open SQLite database across a
	 * fork() system call into the child process. */
	if (sqlite3_close(db->sql) != SQLITE_OK)
		db_fatal("sqlite3_close: %s", sqlite3_errmsg(db->sql));
	db->sql = NULL;
}

void db_reopen_after_fork(struct db *db)
{
	int err = sqlite3_open_v2(db->filename, &db->sql,
				  SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE, NULL);

	if (err != SQLITE_OK) {
		db_fatal("failed to re-open database %s: %s", db->filename,
			 sqlite3_errstr(err));
	}
	db_do_exec(__func__, db, "PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON;");
}

s64 db_get_intvar(struct db *db, char *varname, s64 defval)
{
	int err;
	s64 res = defval;
	sqlite3_stmt *stmt =
	    db_query(db,
		     "SELECT val FROM vars WHERE name='%s' LIMIT 1", varname);

	if (!stmt)
		return defval;

	err = sqlite3_step(stmt);
	if (err == SQLITE_ROW) {
		const unsigned char *stringvar = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 0);
		res = atol((const char *)stringvar);
	}
	db_stmt_done(stmt);
	return res;
}

void db_set_intvar(struct db *db, char *varname, s64 val)
{
	/* Attempt to update */
	db_exec(__func__, db,
		"UPDATE vars SET val='%" PRId64 "' WHERE name='%s';", val,
		varname);
	if (sqlite3_changes(db->sql) == 0)
		db_exec(
		    __func__, db,
		    "INSERT INTO vars (name, val) VALUES ('%s', '%" PRId64
		    "');",
		    varname, val);
}

void *sqlite3_column_arr_(const tal_t *ctx, sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,
			  size_t bytes, const char *label, const char *caller)
{
	size_t sourcelen = sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, col);
	void *p;

	if (sqlite3_column_type(stmt, col) == SQLITE_NULL)
		return NULL;

	if (sourcelen % bytes != 0)
		db_fatal("%s: column size %zu not a multiple of %s (%zu)",
			 caller, sourcelen, label, bytes);

	p = tal_arr_label(ctx, char, sourcelen, label);
	memcpy(p, sqlite3_column_blob(stmt, col), sourcelen);
	return p;
}

bool sqlite3_bind_short_channel_id(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,
				   const struct short_channel_id *id)
{
	char *ser = short_channel_id_to_str(id, id);
	int err = sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, col, ser, strlen(ser), SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
	tal_free(ser);
	return err == SQLITE_OK;
}

bool sqlite3_column_short_channel_id(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,
				     struct short_channel_id *dest)
{
	const char *source = sqlite3_column_blob(stmt, col);
	size_t sourcelen = sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, col);
	return short_channel_id_from_str(source, sourcelen, dest, true);
}
bool sqlite3_bind_short_channel_id_array(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,
					 const struct short_channel_id *id)
{
	u8 *ser;
	size_t num;
	size_t i;

	/* Handle nulls early. */
	if (!id) {
		int err = sqlite3_bind_null(stmt, col);
		return err == SQLITE_OK;
	}

	ser = tal_arr(NULL, u8, 0);
	num = tal_count(id);

	for (i = 0; i < num; ++i)
		towire_short_channel_id(&ser, &id[i]);

	int err = sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, col, ser, tal_count(ser), SQLITE_TRANSIENT);

	tal_free(ser);
	return err == SQLITE_OK;
}
struct short_channel_id *
sqlite3_column_short_channel_id_array(const tal_t *ctx,
				      sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col)
{
	const u8 *ser;
	size_t len;
	struct short_channel_id *ret;

	/* Handle nulls early. */
	if (sqlite3_column_type(stmt, col) == SQLITE_NULL)
		return NULL;

	ser = sqlite3_column_blob(stmt, col);
	len = sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, col);
	ret = tal_arr(ctx, struct short_channel_id, 0);

	while (len != 0) {
		struct short_channel_id scid;
		fromwire_short_channel_id(&ser, &len, &scid);
		tal_arr_expand(&ret, scid);
	}

	return ret;
}

bool sqlite3_bind_tx(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col, const struct bitcoin_tx *tx)
{
	u8 *ser = linearize_tx(NULL, tx);
	int err = sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, col, ser, tal_count(ser), SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
	tal_free(ser);
	return err == SQLITE_OK;
}

struct bitcoin_tx *sqlite3_column_tx(const tal_t *ctx, sqlite3_stmt *stmt,
				     int col)
{
	const u8 *src = sqlite3_column_blob(stmt, col);
	size_t len = sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, col);
	return pull_bitcoin_tx(ctx, &src, &len);
}
bool sqlite3_bind_signature(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,
			    const secp256k1_ecdsa_signature *sig)
{
	bool ok;
	u8 buf[64];
	ok = secp256k1_ecdsa_signature_serialize_compact(secp256k1_ctx, buf,
							 sig) == 1;
	int err = sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, col, buf, sizeof(buf), SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
	return ok && err == SQLITE_OK;
}

bool sqlite3_column_signature(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,
			      secp256k1_ecdsa_signature *sig)
{
	assert(sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, col) == 64);
	return secp256k1_ecdsa_signature_parse_compact(
		   secp256k1_ctx, sig, sqlite3_column_blob(stmt, col)) == 1;
}

bool sqlite3_column_pubkey(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,  struct pubkey *dest)
{
	assert(sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, col) == PUBKEY_DER_LEN);
	return pubkey_from_der(sqlite3_column_blob(stmt, col), PUBKEY_DER_LEN, dest);
}

bool sqlite3_bind_pubkey(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col, const struct pubkey *pk)
{
	u8 der[PUBKEY_DER_LEN];
	pubkey_to_der(der, pk);
	int err = sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, col, der, sizeof(der), SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
	return err == SQLITE_OK;
}

bool sqlite3_bind_pubkey_array(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,
			       const struct pubkey *pks)
{
	size_t n;
	size_t i;
	u8 *ders;

	if (!pks) {
		int err = sqlite3_bind_null(stmt, col);
		return err == SQLITE_OK;
	}

	n = tal_count(pks);
	ders = tal_arr(NULL, u8, n * PUBKEY_DER_LEN);

	for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
		pubkey_to_der(&ders[i * PUBKEY_DER_LEN], &pks[i]);
	int err = sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, col, ders, tal_count(ders), SQLITE_TRANSIENT);

	tal_free(ders);
	return err == SQLITE_OK;
}
struct pubkey *sqlite3_column_pubkey_array(const tal_t *ctx,
					   sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col)
{
	size_t i;
	size_t n;
	struct pubkey *ret;
	const u8 *ders;

	if (sqlite3_column_type(stmt, col) == SQLITE_NULL)
		return NULL;

	n = sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, col) / PUBKEY_DER_LEN;
	assert(n * PUBKEY_DER_LEN == (size_t)sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, col));
	ret = tal_arr(ctx, struct pubkey, n);
	ders = sqlite3_column_blob(stmt, col);

	for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
		if (!pubkey_from_der(&ders[i * PUBKEY_DER_LEN], PUBKEY_DER_LEN, &ret[i]))
			return tal_free(ret);
	}

	return ret;
}

bool sqlite3_column_preimage(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,  struct preimage *dest)
{
	assert(sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, col) == sizeof(struct preimage));
	return memcpy(dest, sqlite3_column_blob(stmt, col), sizeof(struct preimage));
}

bool sqlite3_bind_preimage(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col, const struct preimage *p)
{
	int err = sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, col, p, sizeof(struct preimage), SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
	return err == SQLITE_OK;
}

bool sqlite3_column_sha256(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,  struct sha256 *dest)
{
	assert(sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, col) == sizeof(struct sha256));
	return memcpy(dest, sqlite3_column_blob(stmt, col), sizeof(struct sha256));
}

bool sqlite3_bind_sha256(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col, const struct sha256 *p)
{
	int err = sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, col, p, sizeof(struct sha256), SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
	return err == SQLITE_OK;
}

bool sqlite3_column_sha256_double(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,  struct sha256_double *dest)
{
	assert(sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, col) == sizeof(struct sha256_double));
	return memcpy(dest, sqlite3_column_blob(stmt, col), sizeof(struct sha256_double));
}

struct secret *sqlite3_column_secrets(const tal_t *ctx,
				      sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col)
{
	return sqlite3_column_arr(ctx, stmt, col, struct secret);
}

bool sqlite3_bind_sha256_double(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col, const struct sha256_double *p)
{
	int err = sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, col, p, sizeof(struct sha256_double), SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
	return err == SQLITE_OK;
}

struct json_escaped *sqlite3_column_json_escaped(const tal_t *ctx,
						 sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col)
{
	return json_escaped_string_(ctx,
				    sqlite3_column_blob(stmt, col),
				    sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, col));
}

bool sqlite3_bind_json_escaped(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,
			       const struct json_escaped *esc)
{
	int err = sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, col, esc->s, strlen(esc->s), SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
	return err == SQLITE_OK;
}

struct amount_msat sqlite3_column_amount_msat(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col)
{
	struct amount_msat msat;

	msat.millisatoshis = sqlite3_column_int64(stmt, col); /* Raw: low level function */
	return msat;
}

struct amount_sat sqlite3_column_amount_sat(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col)
{
	struct amount_sat sat;

	sat.satoshis = sqlite3_column_int64(stmt, col); /* Raw: low level function */
	return sat;
}

void sqlite3_bind_amount_msat(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,
			      struct amount_msat msat)
{
	sqlite3_bind_int64(stmt, col, msat.millisatoshis); /* Raw: low level function */
}

void sqlite3_bind_amount_sat(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int col,
			     struct amount_sat sat)
{
	sqlite3_bind_int64(stmt, col, sat.satoshis); /* Raw: low level function */
}

/* Will apply the current config fee settings to all channels */
void migrate_pr2342_feerate_per_channel(struct lightningd *ld, struct db *db)
{
	db_exec(__func__, db,
			"UPDATE channels SET feerate_base = %u, feerate_ppm = %u;",
			ld->config.fee_base,
			ld->config.fee_per_satoshi);
}