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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>2 Introduction | Hands on—Programming own Bots and Systems for Smart Homes and Gardens</title>
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<ul class="summary">
<li class="chapter" data-level="1" data-path="teaser.html"><a href="teaser.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>1</b> Teaser</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2" data-path="introduction.html"><a href="introduction.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2</b> Introduction</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3" data-path="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3</b> Working with the Raspberry Pi</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.1" data-path="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html#getting-started"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.1</b> Getting started</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.2" data-path="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html#the-operating-system"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.2</b> The operating system</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.3" data-path="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html#using-the-raspberry-pi-as-a-desktop-computer"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.3</b> Using the Raspberry Pi as a desktop computer</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.4" data-path="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html#the-raspberry-pi-and-ssh"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.4</b> The Raspberry-Pi and SSH</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.5" data-path="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html#establishing-a-wifi-connection"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.5</b> Establishing a Wifi connection</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.5.1" data-path="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html#option-1-use-keyboard-mouse-and-monitor"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.5.1</b> Option 1: Use keyboard, mouse and monitor</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.5.2" data-path="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html#option-2-ethernet-cable"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.5.2</b> Option 2: Ethernet Cable</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.5.3" data-path="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html#option-3-edit-a-config-file-on-the-sd-card"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.5.3</b> Option 3: Edit a config file on the SD-card</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.5.4" data-path="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="working-with-the-raspberry-pi.html#option-4-make-a-hotspot-with-your-mobile-phone"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.5.4</b> Option 4: Make a hotspot with your mobile phone</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4" data-path="find-the-ip-address-of-your-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="find-the-ip-address-of-your-raspberry-pi.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4</b> Find the IP-address of your Raspberry Pi</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.1" data-path="find-the-ip-address-of-your-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="find-the-ip-address-of-your-raspberry-pi.html#if-you-connected-mouse-keyboard-and-monitor"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.1</b> If you connected mouse, keyboard and monitor</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.2" data-path="find-the-ip-address-of-your-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="find-the-ip-address-of-your-raspberry-pi.html#angryip-software"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.2</b> Angryip software</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.3" data-path="find-the-ip-address-of-your-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="find-the-ip-address-of-your-raspberry-pi.html#command-line"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.3</b> Command line</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.4" data-path="find-the-ip-address-of-your-raspberry-pi.html"><a href="find-the-ip-address-of-your-raspberry-pi.html#using-your-routers-administration-page"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.4</b> Using your router’s administration page</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5</b> Using SSH and the command line</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.1" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#the-basics"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.1</b> The basics</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.1.1" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#finding-your-ip"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.1.1</b> Finding your IP</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.1.2" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#connect"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.1.2</b> Connect!</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.2" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#if-some-thing-is-not-working---installing-and-enabling-ssh"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.2</b> If some thing is not working - Installing and Enabling SSH</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.2.1" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#installation-on-linux"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.2.1</b> Installation on Linux</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.2.2" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#on-windows"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.2.2</b> On Windows</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.2.3" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#on-mac"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.2.3</b> On Mac</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.3" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#using-the-command-line"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.3</b> Using the command line</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.3.1" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#list-files"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.3.1</b> List files</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.3.2" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#change-the-current-directory"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.3.2</b> Change the current directory</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.3.3" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#show-file"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.3.3</b> show file</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.3.4" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#edit-file"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.3.4</b> edit file</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.3.5" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#run-a-python-script"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.3.5</b> run a python script</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.4" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#copying-a-file"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.4</b> copying a file</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.5" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#copying-single-files-using-ssh"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.5</b> Copying single files using ssh</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.5.1" data-path="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html"><a href="using-ssh-and-the-command-line.html#synchronising-directories-using-scp"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.5.1</b> Synchronising directories using scp</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6" data-path="hardware.html"><a href="hardware.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6</b> Hardware</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.1" data-path="hardware.html"><a href="hardware.html#pinout"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.1</b> Pinout</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.2" data-path="hardware.html"><a href="hardware.html#cables"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.2</b> Cables</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.3" data-path="hardware.html"><a href="hardware.html#resistors"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.3</b> Resistors</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.4" data-path="hardware.html"><a href="hardware.html#relay"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.4</b> Relay</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7</b> Exercises Day 1</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.1" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html#change-password"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.1</b> Change password</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.2" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html#reboot"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.2</b> Reboot</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.3" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html#list-files-1"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.3</b> List files</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.4" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html#make-a-readme-file-take-some-notes"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.4</b> make a Readme file/ take some notes</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.5" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html#copy-a-file"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.5</b> copy a file</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.6" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html#python---hello-world"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.6</b> Python - Hello World</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.7" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html#bme280"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.7</b> BME280</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.8" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html#your-own-project"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.8</b> Your own project</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.8.1" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html#ideas"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.8.1</b> Ideas</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.8.2" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html#collect-the-material-you-need"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.8.2</b> Collect the material you need</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.8.3" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html#make-a-plan"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.8.3</b> Make a plan</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.8.4" data-path="exercises-day-1.html"><a href="exercises-day-1.html#connect-and-test"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.8.4</b> Connect and test</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8</b> Telegram</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.1" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html#security"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.1</b> Security</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.2" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html#security-tipps"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.2</b> Security tipps</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.3" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html#creating-a-telegram-bot"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.3</b> Creating a telegram bot</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.4" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html#adding-a-command"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.4</b> Adding a command</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.5" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html#reading-and-responding-to-messages"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.5</b> Reading and responding to messages</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.6" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html#using-the-job-queue"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.6</b> Using the job queue</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.6.1" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html#job-queue-example"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.6.1</b> job queue example</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.6.2" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html#job-queue-functions"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.6.2</b> job queue functions</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.6.3" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html#daily-example"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.6.3</b> daily example</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.7" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html#simple-conversation"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.7</b> Simple conversation</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.8" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html#inline-bots"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.8</b> Inline Bots</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.9" data-path="telegram.html"><a href="telegram.html#more-resources"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.9</b> More resources</a></li>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="9" data-path="exercises-day-2.html"><a href="exercises-day-2.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9</b> Exercises Day 2</a>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="9.1" data-path="exercises-day-2.html"><a href="exercises-day-2.html#your-first-bot"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.1</b> Your first bot</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9.2" data-path="exercises-day-2.html"><a href="exercises-day-2.html#sense"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.2</b> /sense</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9.3" data-path="exercises-day-2.html"><a href="exercises-day-2.html#add-your-own-command"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.3</b> add your own command</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9.4" data-path="exercises-day-2.html"><a href="exercises-day-2.html#embed-your-own-hardware"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.4</b> embed your own hardware</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9.5" data-path="exercises-day-2.html"><a href="exercises-day-2.html#implement-your-own-timer"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.5</b> Implement your own timer</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9.6" data-path="exercises-day-2.html"><a href="exercises-day-2.html#implement-your-own-conversation"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.6</b> Implement your own conversation</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9.7" data-path="exercises-day-2.html"><a href="exercises-day-2.html#check-out-other-examples"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.7</b> Check out other examples</a></li>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="10" data-path="raspap.html"><a href="raspap.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10</b> RaspAP</a>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="10.1" data-path="raspap.html"><a href="raspap.html#enable-access-point"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.1</b> Enable access point</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.2" data-path="raspap.html"><a href="raspap.html#disable-access-point"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.2</b> Disable access point:</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.3" data-path="raspap.html"><a href="raspap.html#how-to-see-which-services-are-running"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.3</b> How to see which services are running</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.4" data-path="raspap.html"><a href="raspap.html#login"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.4</b> Login</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.5" data-path="raspap.html"><a href="raspap.html#access-point-administration-page"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.5</b> Access Point administration page</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.6" data-path="raspap.html"><a href="raspap.html#using-the-access-point-and-ssh"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.6</b> Using the access point and ssh</a></li>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="11" data-path="grafana.html"><a href="grafana.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11</b> Grafana</a>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="11.1" data-path="grafana.html"><a href="grafana.html#the-setup"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.1</b> The setup</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.2" data-path="grafana.html"><a href="grafana.html#collect-some-data"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.2</b> Collect some data</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.3" data-path="grafana.html"><a href="grafana.html#use-grafana"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.3</b> Use grafana</a></li>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="12" data-path="exercises-day-3.html"><a href="exercises-day-3.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12</b> Exercises Day 3</a>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="12.1" data-path="exercises-day-3.html"><a href="exercises-day-3.html#add-more-panel-for-bme280"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.1</b> Add more panel for BME280</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.2" data-path="exercises-day-3.html"><a href="exercises-day-3.html#add-a-panel-for-your-own-data"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.2</b> Add a panel for your own data</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.3" data-path="exercises-day-3.html"><a href="exercises-day-3.html#here-are-some-other-ideas"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.3</b> Here are some other ideas</a>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="12.3.1" data-path="exercises-day-3.html"><a href="exercises-day-3.html#grafana-alerts-for-telegram"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.3.1</b> Grafana alerts for telegram</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.3.2" data-path="exercises-day-3.html"><a href="exercises-day-3.html#embed-a-grafana-plot-in-telegram"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.3.2</b> Embed a Grafana plot in telegram</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.3.3" data-path="exercises-day-3.html"><a href="exercises-day-3.html#telegram-and-influx"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.3.3</b> Telegram and Influx</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.4" data-path="exercises-day-3.html"><a href="exercises-day-3.html#work-on-your-own-project"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.4</b> Work on your own project :)</a></li>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="13" data-path="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html"><a href="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13</b> More Raspberry Pi lifehacks</a>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="13.1" data-path="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html"><a href="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html#run-a-script-on-startup"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.1</b> Run a script on startup</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.2" data-path="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html"><a href="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html#install-an-image"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.2</b> Install an image</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.3" data-path="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html"><a href="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html#make-your-own-image"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.3</b> Make your own image</a>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="13.3.1" data-path="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html"><a href="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html#windows"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.3.1</b> Windows</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.3.2" data-path="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html"><a href="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html#mac"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.3.2</b> Mac</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.3.3" data-path="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html"><a href="more-raspberry-pi-lifehacks.html#linux"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.3.3</b> Linux</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="14" data-path="exercises-day-4.html"><a href="exercises-day-4.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>14</b> Exercises Day 4</a>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="14.1" data-path="exercises-day-4.html"><a href="exercises-day-4.html#have-your-script-run-on-startup"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>14.1</b> Have your script run on startup</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="14.2" data-path="exercises-day-4.html"><a href="exercises-day-4.html#burn-your-image"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>14.2</b> Burn your image</a></li>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="15" data-path="image-sources.html"><a href="image-sources.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>15</b> Image Sources</a></li>
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<h1>
<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i><a href="./">Hands on—Programming own Bots and Systems for Smart Homes and Gardens</a>
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<h1><span class="header-section-number">2</span> Introduction</h1>
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<img src="images/475px-Raspberry_Pi_Logo.svg.png" style="width:25.0%" alt="" />
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<p>The Raspberry Pi is a low-cost single-board computer.
Since the first Raspberry Pi was released in 2012, it has become a famous tool for DIY-projects, industrial automisation, research and educational purposes.
It can be used just like a normal desktop computer by connecting a USB-mouse, USB-keyboard and monitor, but often it is also used “headless” without any of these. It also comes with multiple pins and connectors, so that it is easy to connect sensors to the Raspberry Pi.</p>
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<img src="images/500px-Telegram_logo.svg.png" style="width:25.0%" alt="" />
<p class="caption">TelegramLogo</p>
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<p>Telegram is a mostly open source messanger, which also has an API for writing own bots. These can be run on a Raspberry Pi.</p>
<div class="figure">
<img src="images/1200px-Grafana_logo.svg.png" style="width:25.0%" alt="" />
<p class="caption">GrafanaLogo</p>
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<p>When collecting sensory data with a Raspberry Pi, e.g. in a DIY weather station, you get sensor values associated with time stamps, which is called time series data. A great option to store and access time series data is to use Grafana, a database system specialised for time series. Usually, Grafana runs on some other server, but it is also possible to host it on a Raspberry Pi.</p>
<p>There is a big community of people using the Raspberry Pi for all kind of projects who also share some instructions and photos. For example, you could follow some instructions to build a touchscreen internet radio, a simple timelapse camera using the Raspberry Pi and a coffee tin, etc.
A great selection of projects can be found on [“Instructables”] (<a href="https://www.instructables.com/circuits/raspberry-pi/projects/" class="uri">https://www.instructables.com/circuits/raspberry-pi/projects/</a>).</p>
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