Hooray! There is nothing extra to know about testing real Android devices: it works exactly the same as testing on emulators. Make sure that your device can connect to ADB and has Developer Mode enabled (the process for this differs for different vendors, so check their documentation). For testing Chrome on a real device, you are responsible for ensuring that Chrome of an appropriate version is installed.
Also, you will want to make sure that "Verify Apps" in settings is disabled/unchecked, otherwise it can prevent some of Appium's helper apps from launching and doing their job correctly.