diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/executor/CanPaginateVisitor.java b/core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/executor/CanPaginateVisitor.java
index c85bbf0cc8..e3f7c7ad60 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/executor/CanPaginateVisitor.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/executor/CanPaginateVisitor.java
@@ -5,17 +5,12 @@
 
 package org.opensearch.sql.executor;
 
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 import org.opensearch.sql.ast.AbstractNodeVisitor;
 import org.opensearch.sql.ast.Node;
 import org.opensearch.sql.ast.expression.AllFields;
-import org.opensearch.sql.ast.tree.Filter;
-import org.opensearch.sql.ast.tree.Limit;
 import org.opensearch.sql.ast.tree.Project;
 import org.opensearch.sql.ast.tree.Relation;
-import org.opensearch.sql.ast.tree.Sort;
-import org.opensearch.sql.ast.tree.Values;
-
-import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 
 /**
  * Use this unresolved plan visitor to check if a plan can be serialized by PaginatedPlanCache.
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/executor/PaginatedPlanCache.java b/core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/executor/PaginatedPlanCache.java
index 73c058316c..49cd02dcf2 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/executor/PaginatedPlanCache.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/executor/PaginatedPlanCache.java
@@ -57,10 +57,15 @@ public Cursor convertToCursor(PhysicalPlan plan) {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Compress serialized query plan.
+   * @param str string representing a query plan
+   * @return str compressed with gzip.
+   */
   @SneakyThrows
   public static String compress(String str) {
     if (str == null || str.length() == 0) {
-        return null;
+      return null;
     }
 
     ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
@@ -70,10 +75,15 @@ public static String compress(String str) {
     return HashCode.fromBytes(out.toByteArray()).toString();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Decompresses a query plan that was compress with {@link PaginatedPlanCache.compress}.
+   * @param input compressed query plan
+   * @return seria
+   */
   @SneakyThrows
   public static String decompress(String input) {
     if (input == null || input.length() == 0) {
-        return null;
+      return null;
     }
     GZIPInputStream gzip = new GZIPInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(
         HashCode.fromString(input).asBytes()));
@@ -114,10 +124,10 @@ public PhysicalPlan convertToPlan(String cursor) {
           throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Unsupported cursor");
         }
         cursor = cursor.substring(cursor.indexOf(',') + 1);
-        int currentPageIndex = Integer.parseInt(cursor, 0, cursor.indexOf(','), 10);
+        final int currentPageIndex = Integer.parseInt(cursor, 0, cursor.indexOf(','), 10);
 
         cursor = cursor.substring(cursor.indexOf(',') + 1);
-        int pageSize = Integer.parseInt(cursor, 0, cursor.indexOf(','), 10);
+        final int pageSize = Integer.parseInt(cursor, 0, cursor.indexOf(','), 10);
 
         cursor = cursor.substring(cursor.indexOf(',') + 1);
         if (!cursor.startsWith("(Project,")) {
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/planner/optimizer/rule/PushPageSize.java b/core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/planner/optimizer/rule/PushPageSize.java
index 78f856535f..95cd23d6ca 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/planner/optimizer/rule/PushPageSize.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/planner/optimizer/rule/PushPageSize.java
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.planner.logical.LogicalRelation;
 import org.opensearch.sql.planner.optimizer.Rule;
 
-import java.util.Objects;
-
 public class PushPageSize
     implements Rule<LogicalPaginate> {
   /** Capture the table inside matched logical paginate operator. */
diff --git a/core/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/planner/physical/RemoveOperatorTest.java b/core/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/planner/physical/RemoveOperatorTest.java
index bf046bf0a6..1cc7d5532f 100644
--- a/core/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/planner/physical/RemoveOperatorTest.java
+++ b/core/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/planner/physical/RemoveOperatorTest.java
@@ -117,8 +117,7 @@ public void invalid_to_retrieve_schema_from_remove() {
     IllegalStateException exception =
         assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> plan.schema());
     assertEquals(
-        "[BUG] schema can been only applied to ProjectOperator, "
-            + "instead of RemoveOperator(input=inputPlan, removeList=[response, referer])",
+        "[BUG] schema can been only applied to ProjectOperator, instead of RemoveOperator",
         exception.getMessage());
   }
 }
diff --git a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/ContinueScrollRequest.java b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/ContinueScrollRequest.java
index ddc76f6ba2..b33b7fd9a3 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/ContinueScrollRequest.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/ContinueScrollRequest.java
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 
 package org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage;
 
+import static org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.request.OpenSearchScrollRequest.DEFAULT_SCROLL_TIMEOUT;
+
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Function;
 import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
@@ -18,8 +20,6 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.request.OpenSearchRequest;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.response.OpenSearchResponse;
 
-import static org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.request.OpenSearchScrollRequest.DEFAULT_SCROLL_TIMEOUT;
-
 public class ContinueScrollRequest implements OpenSearchRequest {
   final String initialScrollId;
 
diff --git a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/OpenSearchPagedIndexScan.java b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/OpenSearchPagedIndexScan.java
index 646b414183..fa4e4bf106 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/OpenSearchPagedIndexScan.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/OpenSearchPagedIndexScan.java
@@ -7,14 +7,11 @@
 
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Iterator;
-import java.util.List;
-
 import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
 import lombok.ToString;
 import org.opensearch.sql.data.model.ExprValue;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.client.OpenSearchClient;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.request.OpenSearchRequest;
-import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.request.OpenSearchScrollRequest;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.response.OpenSearchResponse;
 import org.opensearch.sql.storage.TableScanOperator;
 
diff --git a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/PagedRequestBuilder.java b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/PagedRequestBuilder.java
index c138e32755..ae89a238a0 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/PagedRequestBuilder.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/PagedRequestBuilder.java
@@ -10,5 +10,6 @@
 
 public interface PagedRequestBuilder {
   OpenSearchRequest build();
+
   OpenSearchRequest.IndexName getIndexName();
 }
diff --git a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/SubsequentPageRequestBuilder.java b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/SubsequentPageRequestBuilder.java
index dca63e8e99..89f8f71933 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/SubsequentPageRequestBuilder.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/SubsequentPageRequestBuilder.java
@@ -5,20 +5,15 @@
 
 package org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage;
 
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.data.value.OpenSearchExprValueFactory;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.request.OpenSearchRequest;
 
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
 public class SubsequentPageRequestBuilder implements PagedRequestBuilder {
-  private OpenSearchRequest.IndexName indexName;
+  final OpenSearchRequest.IndexName indexName;
   final String scrollId;
-  private OpenSearchExprValueFactory exprValueFactory;
-
-  public SubsequentPageRequestBuilder(OpenSearchRequest.IndexName indexName, String scanAsString,
-                                      OpenSearchExprValueFactory exprValueFactory) {
-    this.indexName = indexName;
-    scrollId = scanAsString;
-    this.exprValueFactory = exprValueFactory;
-  }
+  final OpenSearchExprValueFactory exprValueFactory;
 
   @Override
   public OpenSearchRequest build() {
diff --git a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/scan/OpenSearchIndexScanAggregationBuilder.java b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/scan/OpenSearchIndexScanAggregationBuilder.java
index 719ef52b79..4e1b20db6e 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/scan/OpenSearchIndexScanAggregationBuilder.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/scan/OpenSearchIndexScanAggregationBuilder.java
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.NamedExpression;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.ReferenceExpression;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.aggregation.NamedAggregator;
+import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.DefaultExpressionSerializer;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.response.agg.OpenSearchAggregationResponseParser;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.OpenSearchIndexScan;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.aggregation.AggregationQueryBuilder;
-import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.DefaultExpressionSerializer;
 import org.opensearch.sql.planner.logical.LogicalAggregation;
 import org.opensearch.sql.planner.logical.LogicalSort;
 import org.opensearch.sql.storage.TableScanOperator;
diff --git a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/scan/OpenSearchIndexScanQueryBuilder.java b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/scan/OpenSearchIndexScanQueryBuilder.java
index a67ceeae9a..cb0940c410 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/scan/OpenSearchIndexScanQueryBuilder.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/scan/OpenSearchIndexScanQueryBuilder.java
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.ExpressionNodeVisitor;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.NamedExpression;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.ReferenceExpression;
+import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.DefaultExpressionSerializer;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.OpenSearchIndexScan;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.filter.FilterQueryBuilder;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.sort.SortQueryBuilder;
-import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.DefaultExpressionSerializer;
 import org.opensearch.sql.planner.logical.LogicalFilter;
 import org.opensearch.sql.planner.logical.LogicalHighlight;
 import org.opensearch.sql.planner.logical.LogicalLimit;
diff --git a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/ExpressionScriptEngine.java b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/ExpressionScriptEngine.java
index a48da59180..9e8b47f6b0 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/ExpressionScriptEngine.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/ExpressionScriptEngine.java
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@
 import org.opensearch.script.ScriptContext;
 import org.opensearch.script.ScriptEngine;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.Expression;
+import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.ExpressionSerializer;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.aggregation.ExpressionAggregationScriptFactory;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.filter.ExpressionFilterScriptFactory;
-import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.ExpressionSerializer;
 
 /**
  * Custom expression script engine that supports using core engine expression code in DSL
diff --git a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/AggregationQueryBuilder.java b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/AggregationQueryBuilder.java
index f8ede598c1..14f38bd5f3 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/AggregationQueryBuilder.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/AggregationQueryBuilder.java
@@ -30,13 +30,13 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.NamedExpression;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.ReferenceExpression;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.aggregation.NamedAggregator;
+import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.ExpressionSerializer;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.response.agg.CompositeAggregationParser;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.response.agg.MetricParser;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.response.agg.NoBucketAggregationParser;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.response.agg.OpenSearchAggregationResponseParser;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.aggregation.dsl.BucketAggregationBuilder;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.aggregation.dsl.MetricAggregationBuilder;
-import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.ExpressionSerializer;
 
 /**
  * Build the AggregationBuilder from the list of {@link NamedAggregator}
diff --git a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/dsl/AggregationBuilderHelper.java b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/dsl/AggregationBuilderHelper.java
index 9cba3622a0..d9360276a0 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/dsl/AggregationBuilderHelper.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/dsl/AggregationBuilderHelper.java
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.FunctionExpression;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.LiteralExpression;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.ReferenceExpression;
-import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.ScriptUtils;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.ExpressionSerializer;
+import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.ScriptUtils;
 
 /**
  * Abstract Aggregation Builder.
diff --git a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/dsl/BucketAggregationBuilder.java b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/dsl/BucketAggregationBuilder.java
index 5e910e73c3..215be3b356 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/dsl/BucketAggregationBuilder.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/dsl/BucketAggregationBuilder.java
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
 import org.opensearch.search.sort.SortOrder;
 import org.opensearch.sql.ast.expression.SpanUnit;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.NamedExpression;
-import org.opensearch.sql.expression.span.SpanExpression;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.ExpressionSerializer;
+import org.opensearch.sql.expression.span.SpanExpression;
 
 /**
  * Bucket Aggregation Builder.
diff --git a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/dsl/MetricAggregationBuilder.java b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/dsl/MetricAggregationBuilder.java
index d00a4eaf89..db8d1fdf1e 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/dsl/MetricAggregationBuilder.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/aggregation/dsl/MetricAggregationBuilder.java
@@ -25,13 +25,13 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.LiteralExpression;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.ReferenceExpression;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.aggregation.NamedAggregator;
+import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.ExpressionSerializer;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.response.agg.FilterParser;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.response.agg.MetricParser;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.response.agg.SingleValueParser;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.response.agg.StatsParser;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.response.agg.TopHitsParser;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.filter.FilterQueryBuilder;
-import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.ExpressionSerializer;
 
 /**
  * Build the Metric Aggregation and List of {@link MetricParser} from {@link NamedAggregator}.
diff --git a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/filter/FilterQueryBuilder.java b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/filter/FilterQueryBuilder.java
index ff206a6a1e..a82869ec03 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/filter/FilterQueryBuilder.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/filter/FilterQueryBuilder.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.FunctionExpression;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.function.BuiltinFunctionName;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.function.FunctionName;
+import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.ExpressionSerializer;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.filter.lucene.LikeQuery;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.filter.lucene.LuceneQuery;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.filter.lucene.RangeQuery;
@@ -38,7 +39,6 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.filter.lucene.relevance.QueryStringQuery;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.filter.lucene.relevance.SimpleQueryStringQuery;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.filter.lucene.relevance.WildcardQuery;
-import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.ExpressionSerializer;
 
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
 public class FilterQueryBuilder extends ExpressionNodeVisitor<QueryBuilder, Object> {
diff --git a/opensearch/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/executor/CursorTest.java b/opensearch/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/executor/CursorTest.java
index 6b2a1a7c57..6833eb8e88 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/executor/CursorTest.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/executor/CursorTest.java
@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@
 class CursorTest {
 
   @Test
-  void EmptyArrayIsNone() {
+  void emptyArrayIsNone() {
     Assertions.assertEquals(Cursor.None, new Cursor(new byte[]{}));
   }
 
   @Test
-  void ToStringIsArrayValue() {
+  void toStringIsArrayValue() {
     String cursorTxt = "This is a test";
     Assertions.assertEquals(cursorTxt, new Cursor(cursorTxt.getBytes()).toString());
   }
diff --git a/opensearch/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/executor/OpenSearchExecutionEngineTest.java b/opensearch/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/executor/OpenSearchExecutionEngineTest.java
index ff529a018f..7f01bc605b 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/executor/OpenSearchExecutionEngineTest.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/executor/OpenSearchExecutionEngineTest.java
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.common.response.ResponseListener;
 import org.opensearch.sql.common.setting.Settings;
 import org.opensearch.sql.data.model.ExprValue;
-import org.opensearch.sql.executor.PaginatedPlanCache;
 import org.opensearch.sql.executor.ExecutionContext;
 import org.opensearch.sql.executor.ExecutionEngine;
 import org.opensearch.sql.executor.ExecutionEngine.ExplainResponse;
+import org.opensearch.sql.executor.PaginatedPlanCache;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.client.OpenSearchClient;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.data.value.OpenSearchExprValueFactory;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.executor.protector.OpenSearchExecutionProtector;
diff --git a/opensearch/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/ExpressionScriptEngineTest.java b/opensearch/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/ExpressionScriptEngineTest.java
index b106f396fb..a88d81c020 100644
--- a/opensearch/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/ExpressionScriptEngineTest.java
+++ b/opensearch/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/opensearch/storage/script/ExpressionScriptEngineTest.java
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@
 import org.opensearch.script.ScriptEngine;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.DSL;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.Expression;
-import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.filter.ExpressionFilterScriptFactory;
 import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.ExpressionSerializer;
+import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.filter.ExpressionFilterScriptFactory;
 
 @DisplayNameGeneration(DisplayNameGenerator.ReplaceUnderscores.class)
 @ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
diff --git a/plugin/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/plugin/SQLPlugin.java b/plugin/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/plugin/SQLPlugin.java
index 08ad3b963a..16b551a46c 100644
--- a/plugin/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/plugin/SQLPlugin.java
+++ b/plugin/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/plugin/SQLPlugin.java
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.datasource.DataSourceServiceImpl;
 import org.opensearch.sql.datasource.model.DataSource;
 import org.opensearch.sql.datasource.model.DataSourceMetadata;
+import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.DefaultExpressionSerializer;
 import org.opensearch.sql.legacy.esdomain.LocalClusterState;
 import org.opensearch.sql.legacy.executor.AsyncRestExecutor;
 import org.opensearch.sql.legacy.metrics.Metrics;
@@ -68,7 +69,6 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.setting.OpenSearchSettings;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.OpenSearchDataSourceFactory;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.storage.script.ExpressionScriptEngine;
-import org.opensearch.sql.expression.serialization.DefaultExpressionSerializer;
 import org.opensearch.sql.plugin.config.OpenSearchPluginModule;
 import org.opensearch.sql.plugin.datasource.DataSourceSettings;
 import org.opensearch.sql.plugin.rest.RestPPLQueryAction;
diff --git a/ppl/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/ppl/PPLServiceTest.java b/ppl/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/ppl/PPLServiceTest.java
index ecac53a9c1..774143a348 100644
--- a/ppl/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/ppl/PPLServiceTest.java
+++ b/ppl/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/ppl/PPLServiceTest.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.executor.ExecutionEngine.QueryResponse;
 import org.opensearch.sql.executor.PaginatedPlanCache;
 import org.opensearch.sql.executor.QueryService;
+import org.opensearch.sql.executor.execution.PaginatedQueryService;
 import org.opensearch.sql.executor.execution.QueryPlanFactory;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.executor.Cursor;
 import org.opensearch.sql.ppl.antlr.PPLSyntaxParser;
@@ -45,6 +46,9 @@ public class PPLServiceTest {
   @Mock
   private QueryService queryService;
 
+  @Mock
+  private PaginatedQueryService paginatedQueryService;
+
   @Mock
   private ExecutionEngine.Schema schema;
 
@@ -59,7 +63,7 @@ public void setUp() {
     queryManager = DefaultQueryManager.defaultQueryManager();
 
     pplService = new PPLService(new PPLSyntaxParser(), queryManager,
-        new QueryPlanFactory(queryService, paginatedPlanCache));
+        new QueryPlanFactory(queryService, paginatedQueryService, paginatedPlanCache));
   }
 
   @After
diff --git a/ppl/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/ppl/parser/AstStatementBuilderTest.java b/ppl/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/ppl/parser/AstStatementBuilderTest.java
index cdb0e37ee5..de74e4932f 100644
--- a/ppl/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/ppl/parser/AstStatementBuilderTest.java
+++ b/ppl/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/ppl/parser/AstStatementBuilderTest.java
@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ public void buildQueryStatement() {
         "search source=t a=1",
         new Query(
             project(
-                filter(relation("t"), compare("=", field("a"), intLiteral(1))), AllFields.of()), 0));
+                filter(relation("t"), compare("=", field("a"),
+                    intLiteral(1))), AllFields.of()), 0));
   }
 
   @Test
diff --git a/sql/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/sql/domain/SQLQueryRequest.java b/sql/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/sql/domain/SQLQueryRequest.java
index bd0db9e9a0..62db130fc2 100644
--- a/sql/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/sql/domain/SQLQueryRequest.java
+++ b/sql/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/sql/domain/SQLQueryRequest.java
@@ -65,11 +65,12 @@ public class SQLQueryRequest {
   private boolean sanitize = true;
 
   private String cursor = "";
+
   /**
    * Constructor of SQLQueryRequest that passes request params.
    */
-  public SQLQueryRequest(
-      JSONObject jsonContent, String query, String path, Map<String, String> params, String cursor) {
+  public SQLQueryRequest(JSONObject jsonContent, String query, String path,
+                         Map<String, String> params, String cursor) {
     this.jsonContent = jsonContent;
     this.query = query;
     this.path = path;
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ public SQLQueryRequest(
     this.format = getFormat(params);
     this.sanitize = shouldSanitize(params);
     // TODO hack
-    this.cursor = cursor == null? "" : cursor;
+    this.cursor = cursor == null ? "" : cursor;
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/sql/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/sql/SQLServiceTest.java b/sql/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/sql/SQLServiceTest.java
index 9fcf1fa098..62718800b1 100644
--- a/sql/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/sql/SQLServiceTest.java
+++ b/sql/src/test/java/org/opensearch/sql/sql/SQLServiceTest.java
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.sql.executor.ExecutionEngine.ExplainResponseNode;
 import org.opensearch.sql.executor.PaginatedPlanCache;
 import org.opensearch.sql.executor.QueryService;
+import org.opensearch.sql.executor.execution.PaginatedQueryService;
 import org.opensearch.sql.executor.execution.QueryPlanFactory;
 import org.opensearch.sql.opensearch.executor.Cursor;
 import org.opensearch.sql.sql.antlr.SQLSyntaxParser;
@@ -47,6 +48,9 @@ class SQLServiceTest {
   @Mock
   private QueryService queryService;
 
+  @Mock
+  private PaginatedQueryService paginatedQueryService;
+
   @Mock
   private ExecutionEngine.Schema schema;
 
@@ -57,7 +61,7 @@ class SQLServiceTest {
   public void setUp() {
     queryManager = DefaultQueryManager.defaultQueryManager();
     sqlService = new SQLService(new SQLSyntaxParser(), queryManager,
-        new QueryPlanFactory(queryService, paginatedPlanCache));
+        new QueryPlanFactory(queryService, paginatedQueryService, paginatedPlanCache));
   }
 
   @AfterEach