Create parallel Synthesized types that mirror Parameter, Output, Infrastructure, and Resource

[JoshLove-msft]

          Would `SynthesizedModuleScope` be more clear that this is not an intrinsic property of the resource?

Did you consider a SynthesizedResource which takes a resource and has this property on it?

Originally posted by @m-nash in #42029 (comment)

[JoshLove-msft]

I don't think the Output and Parameter mirrored types are necessary, as we can avoid mutating Parameter by introducing new internal ctor. Adding a separate type would force us to make Parameter a class so we could polymorph over the Parameter in the internal ParameterOverrides dictionary in Resource, or we'd need a separate dictionary holding the ModuleParameter instances. Similarly, for output we can just construct a new Output instance without mutating the original instance.