Sample Size: Selecting the right sample size in your UX Research

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Selecting the appropriate sample size for your UX Research

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Five, ten, or twenty-five –
How many test participants?
February, 2015 Author: Ellen Francik, PhD, CUA, CXA

https://www.humanfactors.com/newsletters/how_many_test_participants.asp

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How Many Test Users in a Usability Study?

Summary: The answer is 5, except when it's not. Most arguments for using more test participants are wrong, but some tests should be bigger and some smaller.
By Jakob Nielsen on June 3, 2012
Topics: User Testing

https://www.nngroup.com/articles/how-many-test-users/

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Card Sorting: How Many Users to Test

Summary: Testing ever-more users in card sorting has diminishing returns, but test at least 15 users — 3 times more than you would in traditional usability tests.
By Jakob Nielsen on July 18, 2004
Topics: Information Architecture, Research Methods

https://www.nngroup.com/articles/card-sorting-how-many-users-to-test/

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How Many Participants for a UX Interview?

Summary: In the early stages of a UX-design project, recruit enough people to gain an in-depth understanding of users’ experiences and needs. The number of people needed for an interview study is often smaller than you think.
By Maria Rosala on October 31, 2021
Topics: Research Methods

https://www.nngroup.com/articles/interview-sample-size/

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How Many Participants for Quantitative Usability Studies: A Summary of Sample-Size Recommendations

Summary: 40 participants is an appropriate number for most quantitative studies, but there are cases where you can recruit fewer users.
By Raluca Budiu and Kate Moran on July 25, 2021
Topics: Research Methods

https://www.nngroup.com/articles/summary-quant-sample-sizes/

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Sample Size Policy for Qualitative Studies Using In-Depth Interviews

Shari L. Dworkin
Archives of Sexual Behavior volume 41, pages 1319–1320 (2012)Cite this article
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-012-0016-6

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Why You Only Need to Test with 5 Users

Summary: Elaborate usability tests are a waste of resources. The best results come from testing no more than 5 users and running as many small tests as you can afford.
By Jakob Nielsen on March 18, 2000
Topics: User Testing
https://www.nngroup.com/articles/why-you-only-need-to-test-with-5-users/

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Why 5 Participants Are Okay in a Qualitative Study, but Not in a Quantitative One

Summary: Qualitative usability testing aims to identify issues in an interface, while quantitative usability testing is meant to provide metrics that capture the behavior of your whole user population.
By Raluca Budiu on July 11, 2021
Topics: Research Methods

https://www.nngroup.com/articles/5-test-users-qual-quant/

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Why You Cannot Trust Numbers from Qualitative Usability Studies

Summary: Qualitative usability studies have few users and variable protocol; numbers obtained from such studies are likely to poorly reflect the true behavior of your population due to large measurement errors.
By Raluca Budiu on May 23, 2021
Topics: Analytics & Metrics

https://www.nngroup.com/articles/true-score/

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Data Is More than Numbers: Why Qualitative Data Isn’t Just Opinions

Summary: Systematically gathered qualitative data is a dependable method of understanding what users need, why problems occur, and how to solve them.
By Page Laubheimer on August 1, 2021
Topics: Research Methods

https://www.nngroup.com/articles/qualitative-rigor/

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Quantitative Studies: How Many Users to Test?

Summary: When collecting usability metrics, testing with 20 users typically offers a reasonably tight confidence interval.
By Jakob Nielsen on June 25, 2006
Topics: Analytics & Metrics, Research Methods, User Testing

https://www.nngroup.com/articles/quantitative-studies-how-many-users/

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How to Determine the Right Number of Participants for Usability Studies

By Janet M. Six and Ritch Macefield
January 4, 2016 6 Comments

https://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2016/01/how-to-determine-the-right-number-of-participants-for-usability-studies.php

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What sample size do you really need for UX research?
In which we demystify the potentially divisive question of sample size in UX research.
Kuldeep Kelkar
SVP, Services
2018-04-05

https://www.userzoom.com/ux-blog/what-sample-size-do-you-really-need-for-ux-research/

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How Many Participants Do You Need for a Usability Study?

Enough’s enough. Here’s how to find your ideal sample size—the “sweet spot” that will deliver quality insights with the most efficiency.
Lizzy Burnam

https://www.userinterviews.com/blog/how-many-participants-do-you-need-for-a-usability-study