Cartesian3Spec.js

import { Cartesian3 } from "../../Source/Cesium.js";
import { Cartographic } from "../../Source/Cesium.js";
import { Ellipsoid } from "../../Source/Cesium.js";
import { Math as CesiumMath } from "../../Source/Cesium.js";
import createPackableArraySpecs from "../createPackableArraySpecs.js";
import createPackableSpecs from "../createPackableSpecs.js";

describe("Core/Cartesian3", function () {
  it("construct with default values", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3();
    expect(cartesian.x).toEqual(0.0);
    expect(cartesian.y).toEqual(0.0);
    expect(cartesian.z).toEqual(0.0);
  });

  it("construct with all values", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    expect(cartesian.x).toEqual(1.0);
    expect(cartesian.y).toEqual(2.0);
    expect(cartesian.z).toEqual(3.0);
  });

  const fortyFiveDegrees = Math.PI / 4.0;
  const sixtyDegrees = Math.PI / 3.0;
  const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, Math.sqrt(3.0), -2.0);
  const spherical = {
    clock: sixtyDegrees,
    cone: fortyFiveDegrees + Math.PI / 2.0,
    magnitude: Math.sqrt(8.0),
  };

  it("convert Spherical to an existing Cartesian3 instance", function () {
    const existing = new Cartesian3();
    expect(cartesian).toEqualEpsilon(
      Cartesian3.fromSpherical(spherical, existing),
      CesiumMath.EPSILON15
    );
    expect(cartesian).toEqualEpsilon(existing, CesiumMath.EPSILON15);
  });

  it("fromArray with an offset creates a Cartesian3", function () {
    const cartesian = Cartesian3.fromArray([0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 0.0], 1);
    expect(cartesian).toEqual(new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
  });

  it("fromArray creates a Cartesian3 with a result parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3();
    const result = Cartesian3.fromArray([1.0, 2.0, 3.0], 0, cartesian);
    expect(result).toBe(cartesian);
    expect(result).toEqual(new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
  });

  it("fromArray throws without values", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromArray();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("clone with a result parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.clone(cartesian, result);
    expect(cartesian).not.toBe(result);
    expect(result).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(cartesian).toEqual(result);
  });

  it("clone works with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.clone(cartesian, cartesian);
    expect(cartesian).toBe(returnedResult);
  });

  it("maximumComponent works when X is greater", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(2.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumComponent(cartesian)).toEqual(cartesian.x);
  });

  it("maximumComponent works when Y is greater", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumComponent(cartesian)).toEqual(cartesian.y);
  });

  it("maximumComponent works when Z is greater", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumComponent(cartesian)).toEqual(cartesian.z);
  });

  it("minimumComponent works when X is lesser", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumComponent(cartesian)).toEqual(cartesian.x);
  });

  it("minimumComponent works when Y is lesser", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(2.0, 1.0, 3.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumComponent(cartesian)).toEqual(cartesian.y);
  });

  it("minimumComponent works when Z is lesser", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(2.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumComponent(cartesian)).toEqual(cartesian.z);
  });

  it("minimumByComponent", function () {
    let first;
    let second;
    let expected;
    const result = new Cartesian3();

    first = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    second = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    first = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    second = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    first = new Cartesian3(2.0, -15.0, 0.0);
    second = new Cartesian3(1.0, -20.0, 0.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(1.0, -20.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    first = new Cartesian3(2.0, -20.0, 0.0);
    second = new Cartesian3(1.0, -15.0, 0.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(1.0, -20.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    first = new Cartesian3(2.0, -15.0, 26.4);
    second = new Cartesian3(1.0, -20.0, 26.5);
    expected = new Cartesian3(1.0, -20.0, 26.4);
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    first = new Cartesian3(2.0, -15.0, 26.5);
    second = new Cartesian3(1.0, -20.0, 26.4);
    expected = new Cartesian3(1.0, -20.0, 26.4);
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );
  });

  it("minimumByComponent with a result parameter", function () {
    const first = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const second = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const expected = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result);
    expect(returnedResult).toBe(result);
    expect(returnedResult).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("minimumByComponent with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const first = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const second = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const expected = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, first)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    first.x = 1.0;
    second.x = 2.0;
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, second)).toEqual(
      expected
    );
  });

  it("minimumByComponent throws without first", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.minimumByComponent();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("minimumByComponent throws without second", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("minimumByComponent works when first's or second's X is lesser", function () {
    const first = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const second = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const expected = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    second.x = 3.0;
    expected.x = 2.0;
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );
  });

  it("minimumByComponent works when first's or second's Y is lesser", function () {
    const first = new Cartesian3(0.0, 2.0, 0.0);
    const second = new Cartesian3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    const expected = new Cartesian3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    second.y = 3.0;
    expected.y = 2.0;
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );
  });

  it("minimumByComponent works when first's or second's Z is lesser", function () {
    const first = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 2.0);
    const second = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
    const expected = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    second.z = 3.0;
    expected.z = 2.0;
    expect(Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );
  });

  it("maximumByComponent", function () {
    let first;
    let second;
    let expected;
    const result = new Cartesian3();

    first = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    second = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    first = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    second = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    first = new Cartesian3(2.0, -15.0, 0.0);
    second = new Cartesian3(1.0, -20.0, 0.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(2.0, -15.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    first = new Cartesian3(2.0, -20.0, 0.0);
    second = new Cartesian3(1.0, -15.0, 0.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(2.0, -15.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    first = new Cartesian3(2.0, -15.0, 26.4);
    second = new Cartesian3(1.0, -20.0, 26.5);
    expected = new Cartesian3(2.0, -15.0, 26.5);
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    first = new Cartesian3(2.0, -15.0, 26.5);
    second = new Cartesian3(1.0, -20.0, 26.4);
    expected = new Cartesian3(2.0, -15.0, 26.5);
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );
  });

  it("maximumByComponent with a result parameter", function () {
    const first = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const second = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const expected = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result);
    expect(returnedResult).toBe(result);
    expect(returnedResult).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("maximumByComponent with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const first = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const second = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const expected = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, first)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    first.x = 1.0;
    second.x = 2.0;
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, second)).toEqual(
      expected
    );
  });

  it("maximumByComponent throws without first", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.maximumByComponent();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("maximumByComponent throws without second", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("maximumByComponent works when first's or second's X is greater", function () {
    const first = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const second = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const expected = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    second.x = 3.0;
    expected.x = 3.0;
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );
  });

  it("maximumByComponent works when first's or second's Y is greater", function () {
    const first = new Cartesian3(0.0, 2.0, 0.0);
    const second = new Cartesian3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    const expected = new Cartesian3(0.0, 2.0, 0.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    second.y = 3.0;
    expected.y = 3.0;
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );
  });

  it("maximumByComponent works when first's or second's Z is greater", function () {
    const first = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 2.0);
    const second = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
    const expected = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 2.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );

    second.z = 3.0;
    expected.z = 3.0;
    expect(Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(first, second, result)).toEqual(
      expected
    );
  });

  it("clamp", function () {
    let value;
    let min;
    let max;
    let expected;
    const result = new Cartesian3();

    value = new Cartesian3(-1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    min = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    max = new Cartesian3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.clamp(value, min, max, result)).toEqual(expected);

    value = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    min = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    max = new Cartesian3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.clamp(value, min, max, result)).toEqual(expected);

    value = new Cartesian3(0.0, -1.0, 0.0);
    min = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    max = new Cartesian3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.clamp(value, min, max, result)).toEqual(expected);

    value = new Cartesian3(0.0, 2.0, 0.0);
    min = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    max = new Cartesian3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.clamp(value, min, max, result)).toEqual(expected);

    value = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, -1.0);
    min = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    max = new Cartesian3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.clamp(value, min, max, result)).toEqual(expected);

    value = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 2.0);
    min = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    max = new Cartesian3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.clamp(value, min, max, result)).toEqual(expected);

    value = new Cartesian3(-2.0, 3.0, 4.0);
    min = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    max = new Cartesian3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(0.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.clamp(value, min, max, result)).toEqual(expected);

    value = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    min = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    max = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    expected = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.clamp(value, min, max, result)).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("clamp with a result parameter", function () {
    const value = new Cartesian3(-1.0, -1.0, -1.0);
    const min = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const max = new Cartesian3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    const expected = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.clamp(value, min, max, result);
    expect(returnedResult).toBe(result);
    expect(returnedResult).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("clamp with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const value = new Cartesian3(-1.0, -1.0, -1.0);
    const min = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const max = new Cartesian3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    const expected = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.clamp(value, min, max, value)).toEqual(expected);

    Cartesian3.fromElements(-1.0, -1.0, -1.0, value);
    expect(Cartesian3.clamp(value, min, max, min)).toEqual(expected);

    Cartesian3.fromElements(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, min);
    expect(Cartesian3.clamp(value, min, max, max)).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("clamp throws without value", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.clamp();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("clamp throws without min", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.clamp(new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("clamp throws without max", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.clamp(new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("magnitudeSquared", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(3.0, 4.0, 5.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.magnitudeSquared(cartesian)).toEqual(50.0);
  });

  it("magnitude", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(3.0, 4.0, 5.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.magnitude(cartesian)).toEqual(Math.sqrt(50.0));
  });

  it("distance", function () {
    const distance = Cartesian3.distance(
      new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
      new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0)
    );
    expect(distance).toEqual(1.0);
  });

  it("distance throws without left", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.distance();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("distance throws without right", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.distance(Cartesian3.UNIT_X);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("distanceSquared", function () {
    const distanceSquared = Cartesian3.distanceSquared(
      new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
      new Cartesian3(3.0, 0.0, 0.0)
    );
    expect(distanceSquared).toEqual(4.0);
  });

  it("distanceSquared throws without left", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.distanceSquared();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("distanceSquared throws without right", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.distanceSquared(Cartesian3.UNIT_X);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("normalize works with a result parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.normalize(cartesian, result);
    expect(result).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("normalize works with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(2.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.normalize(cartesian, cartesian);
    expect(cartesian).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(cartesian).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("normalize throws with zero vector", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.normalize(Cartesian3.ZERO, new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("multiplyComponents works with a result parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(2.0, 3.0, 6.0);
    const right = new Cartesian3(4.0, 5.0, 7.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(8.0, 15.0, 42.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.multiplyComponents(left, right, result);
    expect(result).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("multiplyComponents works with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(2.0, 3.0, 6.0);
    const right = new Cartesian3(4.0, 5.0, 7.0);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(8.0, 15.0, 42.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.multiplyComponents(left, right, left);
    expect(left).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(left).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("divideComponents works with a result parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(2.0, 3.0, 6.0);
    const right = new Cartesian3(4.0, 5.0, 8.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(0.5, 0.6, 0.75);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.divideComponents(left, right, result);
    expect(result).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("divideComponents works with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(2.0, 3.0, 6.0);
    const right = new Cartesian3(4.0, 5.0, 8.0);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(0.5, 0.6, 0.75);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.divideComponents(left, right, left);
    expect(left).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(left).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("dot", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(2.0, 3.0, 6.0);
    const right = new Cartesian3(4.0, 5.0, 7.0);
    const expectedResult = 65.0;
    const result = Cartesian3.dot(left, right);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("add works with a result parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(2.0, 3.0, 6.0);
    const right = new Cartesian3(4.0, 5.0, 7.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(6.0, 8.0, 13.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.add(left, right, result);
    expect(returnedResult).toBe(result);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("add works with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(2.0, 3.0, 6.0);
    const right = new Cartesian3(4.0, 5.0, 7.0);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(6.0, 8.0, 13.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.add(left, right, left);
    expect(returnedResult).toBe(left);
    expect(left).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("subtract works with a result parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(2.0, 3.0, 4.0);
    const right = new Cartesian3(1.0, 5.0, 7.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(1.0, -2.0, -3.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.subtract(left, right, result);
    expect(returnedResult).toBe(result);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("subtract works with this result parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(2.0, 3.0, 4.0);
    const right = new Cartesian3(1.0, 5.0, 7.0);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(1.0, -2.0, -3.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.subtract(left, right, left);
    expect(returnedResult).toBe(left);
    expect(left).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("multiplyByScalar with a result parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const scalar = 2;
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(2.0, 4.0, 6.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.multiplyByScalar(
      cartesian,
      scalar,
      result
    );
    expect(result).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("multiplyByScalar with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    const scalar = 2;
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(2.0, 4.0, 6.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.multiplyByScalar(
      cartesian,
      scalar,
      cartesian
    );
    expect(cartesian).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(cartesian).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("divideByScalar with a result parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const scalar = 2;
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(0.5, 1.0, 1.5);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.divideByScalar(cartesian, scalar, result);
    expect(result).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("divideByScalar with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    const scalar = 2;
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(0.5, 1.0, 1.5);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.divideByScalar(
      cartesian,
      scalar,
      cartesian
    );
    expect(cartesian).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(cartesian).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("negate without a result parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, -2.0, -5.0);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(-1.0, 2.0, 5.0);
    const result = Cartesian3.negate(cartesian, new Cartesian3());
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("negate with a result parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, -2.0, -5.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(-1.0, 2.0, 5.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.negate(cartesian, result);
    expect(result).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("negate with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, -2.0, -5.0);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(-1.0, 2.0, 5.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.negate(cartesian, cartesian);
    expect(cartesian).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(cartesian).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("abs without a result parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, -2.0, -4.0);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 4.0);
    const result = Cartesian3.abs(cartesian, new Cartesian3());
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("abs with a result parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, -2.0, -4.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 4.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.abs(cartesian, result);
    expect(result).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("abs with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, -2.0, -4.0);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 4.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.abs(cartesian, cartesian);
    expect(cartesian).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(cartesian).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("lerp works with a result parameter", function () {
    const start = new Cartesian3(4.0, 8.0, 10.0);
    const end = new Cartesian3(8.0, 20.0, 20.0);
    const t = 0.25;
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(5.0, 11.0, 12.5);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.lerp(start, end, t, result);
    expect(result).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("lerp works with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const start = new Cartesian3(4.0, 8.0, 10.0);
    const end = new Cartesian3(8.0, 20.0, 20.0);
    const t = 0.25;
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(5.0, 11.0, 12.5);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.lerp(start, end, t, start);
    expect(start).toBe(returnedResult);
    expect(start).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("lerp extrapolate forward", function () {
    const start = new Cartesian3(4.0, 8.0, 10.0);
    const end = new Cartesian3(8.0, 20.0, 20.0);
    const t = 2.0;
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(12.0, 32.0, 30.0);
    const result = Cartesian3.lerp(start, end, t, new Cartesian3());
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("lerp extrapolate backward", function () {
    const start = new Cartesian3(4.0, 8.0, 10.0);
    const end = new Cartesian3(8.0, 20.0, 20.0);
    const t = -1.0;
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(0.0, -4.0, 0.0);
    const result = Cartesian3.lerp(start, end, t, new Cartesian3());
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("angleBetween works for right angles", function () {
    const x = Cartesian3.UNIT_X;
    const y = Cartesian3.UNIT_Y;
    expect(Cartesian3.angleBetween(x, y)).toEqual(CesiumMath.PI_OVER_TWO);
    expect(Cartesian3.angleBetween(y, x)).toEqual(CesiumMath.PI_OVER_TWO);
  });

  it("angleBetween works for acute angles", function () {
    const x = new Cartesian3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    const y = new Cartesian3(1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.angleBetween(x, y)).toEqualEpsilon(
      CesiumMath.PI_OVER_FOUR,
      CesiumMath.EPSILON14
    );
    expect(Cartesian3.angleBetween(y, x)).toEqualEpsilon(
      CesiumMath.PI_OVER_FOUR,
      CesiumMath.EPSILON14
    );
  });

  it("angleBetween works for obtuse angles", function () {
    const x = new Cartesian3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    const y = new Cartesian3(0.0, -1.0, -1.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.angleBetween(x, y)).toEqualEpsilon(
      (CesiumMath.PI * 3.0) / 4.0,
      CesiumMath.EPSILON14
    );
    expect(Cartesian3.angleBetween(y, x)).toEqualEpsilon(
      (CesiumMath.PI * 3.0) / 4.0,
      CesiumMath.EPSILON14
    );
  });

  it("angleBetween works for zero angles", function () {
    const x = Cartesian3.UNIT_X;
    expect(Cartesian3.angleBetween(x, x)).toEqual(0.0);
  });

  it("most orthogonal angle is x", function () {
    const v = new Cartesian3(0.0, 1.0, 2.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.mostOrthogonalAxis(v, new Cartesian3())).toEqual(
      Cartesian3.UNIT_X
    );
  });

  it("most orthogonal angle is y", function () {
    const v = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 2.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.mostOrthogonalAxis(v, new Cartesian3())).toEqual(
      Cartesian3.UNIT_Y
    );
  });

  it("most orthogonal angle is z", function () {
    let v = new Cartesian3(1.0, 3.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.mostOrthogonalAxis(v, new Cartesian3())).toEqual(
      Cartesian3.UNIT_Z
    );

    v = new Cartesian3(3.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.mostOrthogonalAxis(v, new Cartesian3())).toEqual(
      Cartesian3.UNIT_Z
    );
  });

  it("equals", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    expect(Cartesian3.equals(cartesian, new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0))).toEqual(
      true
    );
    expect(Cartesian3.equals(cartesian, new Cartesian3(2.0, 2.0, 3.0))).toEqual(
      false
    );
    expect(Cartesian3.equals(cartesian, new Cartesian3(2.0, 1.0, 3.0))).toEqual(
      false
    );
    expect(Cartesian3.equals(cartesian, new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 4.0))).toEqual(
      false
    );
    expect(Cartesian3.equals(cartesian, undefined)).toEqual(false);
  });

  it("equalsEpsilon", function () {
    let cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
    expect(cartesian.equalsEpsilon(new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0), 0.0)).toEqual(
      true
    );
    expect(cartesian.equalsEpsilon(new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0), 1.0)).toEqual(
      true
    );
    expect(cartesian.equalsEpsilon(new Cartesian3(2.0, 2.0, 3.0), 1.0)).toEqual(
      true
    );
    expect(cartesian.equalsEpsilon(new Cartesian3(1.0, 3.0, 3.0), 1.0)).toEqual(
      true
    );
    expect(cartesian.equalsEpsilon(new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 4.0), 1.0)).toEqual(
      true
    );
    expect(
      cartesian.equalsEpsilon(
        new Cartesian3(2.0, 2.0, 3.0),
        CesiumMath.EPSILON6
      )
    ).toEqual(false);
    expect(
      cartesian.equalsEpsilon(
        new Cartesian3(1.0, 3.0, 3.0),
        CesiumMath.EPSILON6
      )
    ).toEqual(false);
    expect(
      cartesian.equalsEpsilon(
        new Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 4.0),
        CesiumMath.EPSILON6
      )
    ).toEqual(false);
    expect(cartesian.equalsEpsilon(undefined, 1)).toEqual(false);

    cartesian = new Cartesian3(3000000.0, 4000000.0, 5000000.0);
    expect(
      cartesian.equalsEpsilon(
        new Cartesian3(3000000.0, 4000000.0, 5000000.0),
        0.0
      )
    ).toEqual(true);
    expect(
      cartesian.equalsEpsilon(
        new Cartesian3(3000000.2, 4000000.0, 5000000.0),
        CesiumMath.EPSILON7
      )
    ).toEqual(true);
    expect(
      cartesian.equalsEpsilon(
        new Cartesian3(3000000.0, 4000000.2, 5000000.0),
        CesiumMath.EPSILON7
      )
    ).toEqual(true);
    expect(
      cartesian.equalsEpsilon(
        new Cartesian3(3000000.0, 4000000.0, 5000000.2),
        CesiumMath.EPSILON7
      )
    ).toEqual(true);
    expect(
      cartesian.equalsEpsilon(
        new Cartesian3(3000000.2, 4000000.2, 5000000.2),
        CesiumMath.EPSILON7
      )
    ).toEqual(true);
    expect(
      cartesian.equalsEpsilon(
        new Cartesian3(3000000.2, 4000000.2, 5000000.2),
        CesiumMath.EPSILON9
      )
    ).toEqual(false);
    expect(cartesian.equalsEpsilon(undefined, 1)).toEqual(false);

    expect(Cartesian3.equalsEpsilon(undefined, cartesian, 1)).toEqual(false);
  });

  it("toString", function () {
    const cartesian = new Cartesian3(1.123, 2.345, 6.789);
    expect(cartesian.toString()).toEqual("(1.123, 2.345, 6.789)");
  });

  it("cross works with a result parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(1, 2, 5);
    const right = new Cartesian3(4, 3, 6);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(-3, 14, -5);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.cross(left, right, result);
    expect(returnedResult).toBe(result);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("cross works with a result parameter that is an input parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(1, 2, 5);
    const right = new Cartesian3(4, 3, 6);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(-3, 14, -5);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.cross(left, right, left);
    expect(returnedResult).toBe(left);
    expect(left).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("midpoint works with a result parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 6.0);
    const right = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, -6.0);
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    const returnedResult = Cartesian3.midpoint(left, right, result);
    expect(returnedResult).toBe(result);
    expect(result).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("midpoint throws with no left", function () {
    expect(function () {
      return Cartesian3.midpoint(undefined, new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("midpoint throws with no right", function () {
    expect(function () {
      return Cartesian3.midpoint(new Cartesian3(), undefined, new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("midpoint throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      return Cartesian3.midpoint(new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3(), undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromSpherical throws with no spherical parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromSpherical(undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromSpherical work with no result parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromSpherical({
        clock: sixtyDegrees,
        cone: fortyFiveDegrees + Math.PI / 2.0,
        magnitude: Math.sqrt(8.0),
      });
    }).not.toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("clone returns undefined with no parameter", function () {
    expect(Cartesian3.clone()).toBeUndefined();
  });

  it("maximumComponent throws with no parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.maximumComponent();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("minimumComponent throws with no parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.minimumComponent();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("magnitudeSquared throws with no parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.magnitudeSquared();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("magnitude throws with no parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.magnitude();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("normalize throws with no parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.normalize();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("dot throws with no left parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.dot(undefined, new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("multiplyComponents throw with no left parameter", function () {
    const right = new Cartesian3(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.multiplyComponents(undefined, right);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("multiplyComponents throw with no right parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.multiplyComponents(left, undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("divideComponents throw with no left parameter", function () {
    const right = new Cartesian3(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.divideComponents(undefined, right);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("divideComponents throw with no right parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.divideComponents(left, undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("dot throws with no right parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.dot(new Cartesian3(), undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("add throws with no left parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.add(undefined, new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("add throws with no right parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.add(new Cartesian3(), undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("subtract throws with no left parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.subtract(undefined, new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("subtract throws with no right parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.subtract(new Cartesian3(), undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("multiplyByScalar throws with no cartesian parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.multiplyByScalar(undefined, 2.0);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("multiplyByScalar throws with no scalar parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.multiplyByScalar(new Cartesian3(), undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("divideByScalar throws with no cartesian parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.divideByScalar(undefined, 2.0);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("divideByScalar throws with no scalar parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.divideByScalar(new Cartesian3(), undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("negate throws with no cartesian parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.negate(undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("abs throws with no cartesian parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.abs(undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("lerp throws with no start parameter", function () {
    const end = new Cartesian3(8.0, 20.0, 6.0);
    const t = 0.25;
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.lerp(undefined, end, t);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("lerp throws with no end parameter", function () {
    const start = new Cartesian3(4.0, 8.0, 6.0);
    const t = 0.25;
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.lerp(start, undefined, t);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("lerp throws with no t parameter", function () {
    const start = new Cartesian3(4.0, 8.0, 6.0);
    const end = new Cartesian3(8.0, 20.0, 6.0);
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.lerp(start, end, undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("angleBetween throws with no left parameter", function () {
    const right = new Cartesian3(8.0, 20.0, 6.0);
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.angleBetween(undefined, right);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("angleBetween throws with no right parameter", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(4.0, 8.0, 6.0);
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.angleBetween(left, undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("mostOrthogonalAxis throws with no cartesian parameter", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.mostOrthogonalAxis(undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("cross throw with no left paramater", function () {
    const right = new Cartesian3(4, 3, 6);
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.cross(undefined, right);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("cross throw with no left paramater", function () {
    const left = new Cartesian3(1, 2, 5);
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.cross(left, undefined);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromElements returns a cartesian3 with corrrect coordinates", function () {
    const cartesian = Cartesian3.fromElements(2, 2, 4);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(2, 2, 4);
    expect(cartesian).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("fromElements result param returns cartesian3 with correct coordinates", function () {
    const cartesian3 = new Cartesian3();
    Cartesian3.fromElements(2, 2, 4, cartesian3);
    const expectedResult = new Cartesian3(2, 2, 4);
    expect(cartesian3).toEqual(expectedResult);
  });

  it("fromDegrees", function () {
    const lon = -115;
    const lat = 37;
    const ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.WGS84;
    const actual = Cartesian3.fromDegrees(lon, lat);
    const expected = ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian(
      Cartographic.fromDegrees(lon, lat)
    );
    expect(actual).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("fromDegrees with height", function () {
    const lon = -115;
    const lat = 37;
    const height = 100000;
    const ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.WGS84;
    const actual = Cartesian3.fromDegrees(lon, lat, height);
    const expected = ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian(
      Cartographic.fromDegrees(lon, lat, height)
    );
    expect(actual).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("fromDegrees with result", function () {
    const lon = -115;
    const lat = 37;
    const height = 100000;
    const ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.WGS84;
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const actual = Cartesian3.fromDegrees(lon, lat, height, ellipsoid, result);
    const expected = ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian(
      Cartographic.fromDegrees(lon, lat, height)
    );
    expect(actual).toEqual(expected);
    expect(actual).toBe(result);
  });

  it("fromDegrees throws with no longitude", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromDegrees();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromDegrees throws with no latitude", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromDegrees(1);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromRadians", function () {
    const lon = CesiumMath.toRadians(150);
    const lat = CesiumMath.toRadians(-40);
    const ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.WGS84;
    const actual = Cartesian3.fromRadians(lon, lat);
    const expected = ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian(
      new Cartographic(lon, lat)
    );
    expect(actual).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("fromRadians with height", function () {
    const lon = CesiumMath.toRadians(150);
    const lat = CesiumMath.toRadians(-40);
    const height = 100000;
    const ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.WGS84;
    const actual = Cartesian3.fromRadians(lon, lat, height);
    const expected = ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian(
      new Cartographic(lon, lat, height)
    );
    expect(actual).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("fromRadians with result", function () {
    const lon = CesiumMath.toRadians(150);
    const lat = CesiumMath.toRadians(-40);
    const height = 100000;
    const ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.WGS84;
    const result = new Cartesian3();
    const actual = Cartesian3.fromRadians(lon, lat, height, ellipsoid, result);
    const expected = ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian(
      new Cartographic(lon, lat, height)
    );
    expect(actual).toEqual(expected);
    expect(actual).toBe(result);
  });

  it("fromRadians throws with no longitude", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromRadians();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromRadians throws with no latitude", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromRadians(1);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromDegreesArray", function () {
    const lon1 = 90;
    const lat1 = -70;
    const lon2 = -100;
    const lat2 = 40;

    const ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.WGS84;
    const actual = Cartesian3.fromDegreesArray([lon1, lat1, lon2, lat2]);
    const expected = ellipsoid.cartographicArrayToCartesianArray([
      Cartographic.fromDegrees(lon1, lat1),
      Cartographic.fromDegrees(lon2, lat2),
    ]);
    expect(actual).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("fromDegreesArray throws with no positions", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromDegreesArray();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromDegreesArray throws with positions length < 2", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromDegreesArray([]);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromDegreesArray throws with positions length not multiple of 2", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromDegreesArray([1, 3, 5]);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromRadiansArray", function () {
    const lon1 = CesiumMath.toRadians(90);
    const lat1 = CesiumMath.toRadians(-70);
    const lon2 = CesiumMath.toRadians(-100);
    const lat2 = CesiumMath.toRadians(40);

    const ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.WGS84;
    const actual = Cartesian3.fromRadiansArray([lon1, lat1, lon2, lat2]);
    const expected = ellipsoid.cartographicArrayToCartesianArray([
      new Cartographic(lon1, lat1),
      new Cartographic(lon2, lat2),
    ]);
    expect(actual).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("fromRadiansArray with result", function () {
    const lon1 = CesiumMath.toRadians(90);
    const lat1 = CesiumMath.toRadians(-70);
    const lon2 = CesiumMath.toRadians(-100);
    const lat2 = CesiumMath.toRadians(40);

    const ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.WGS84;
    const result = [new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3()];
    const actual = Cartesian3.fromRadiansArray(
      [lon1, lat1, lon2, lat2],
      ellipsoid,
      result
    );
    const expected = ellipsoid.cartographicArrayToCartesianArray([
      new Cartographic(lon1, lat1),
      new Cartographic(lon2, lat2),
    ]);
    expect(result).toEqual(expected);
    expect(actual).toBe(result);
  });

  it("fromRadiansArray throws with no positions", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromRadiansArray();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromRadiansArray throws with positions length < 2", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromRadiansArray([]);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromRadiansArray throws with positions length not multiple of 2", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromRadiansArray([1, 3, 5]);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromDegreesArrayHeights", function () {
    const lon1 = 90;
    const lat1 = -70;
    const alt1 = 200000;
    const lon2 = -100;
    const lat2 = 40;
    const alt2 = 100000;

    const ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.WGS84;
    const actual = Cartesian3.fromDegreesArrayHeights([
      lon1,
      lat1,
      alt1,
      lon2,
      lat2,
      alt2,
    ]);
    const expected = ellipsoid.cartographicArrayToCartesianArray([
      Cartographic.fromDegrees(lon1, lat1, alt1),
      Cartographic.fromDegrees(lon2, lat2, alt2),
    ]);
    expect(actual).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("fromDegreesArrayHeights throws with no positions", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromDegreesArrayHeights();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromDegreesArrayHeights throws with positions length < 3", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromDegreesArrayHeights([]);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromDegreesArrayHeights throws with positions length not multiple of 3", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromDegreesArrayHeights([1, 3, 5, 2]);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromRadiansArrayHeights", function () {
    const lon1 = CesiumMath.toRadians(90);
    const lat1 = CesiumMath.toRadians(-70);
    const alt1 = 200000;
    const lon2 = CesiumMath.toRadians(-100);
    const lat2 = CesiumMath.toRadians(40);
    const alt2 = 100000;

    const ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.WGS84;
    const actual = Cartesian3.fromRadiansArrayHeights([
      lon1,
      lat1,
      alt1,
      lon2,
      lat2,
      alt2,
    ]);
    const expected = ellipsoid.cartographicArrayToCartesianArray([
      new Cartographic(lon1, lat1, alt1),
      new Cartographic(lon2, lat2, alt2),
    ]);
    expect(actual).toEqual(expected);
  });

  it("fromRadiansArrayHeights with result", function () {
    const lon1 = CesiumMath.toRadians(90);
    const lat1 = CesiumMath.toRadians(-70);
    const alt1 = 200000;
    const lon2 = CesiumMath.toRadians(-100);
    const lat2 = CesiumMath.toRadians(40);
    const alt2 = 100000;

    const ellipsoid = Ellipsoid.WGS84;
    const result = [new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3()];
    const actual = Cartesian3.fromRadiansArrayHeights(
      [lon1, lat1, alt1, lon2, lat2, alt2],
      ellipsoid,
      result
    );
    const expected = ellipsoid.cartographicArrayToCartesianArray([
      new Cartographic(lon1, lat1, alt1),
      new Cartographic(lon2, lat2, alt2),
    ]);
    expect(result).toEqual(expected);
    expect(actual).toBe(result);
  });

  it("fromRadiansArrayHeights throws with no positions", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromRadiansArrayHeights();
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromRadiansArrayHeights throws with positions length < 3", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromRadiansArrayHeights([]);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("fromRadiansArrayHeights throws with positions length not multiple of 3", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.fromRadiansArrayHeights([1, 3, 5, 2]);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("minimumByComponent throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.minimumByComponent(new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("maximumByComponent throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.maximumByComponent(new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("clamp throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.clamp(new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("normalize throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.normalize(new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("multiplyComponents throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.multiplyComponents(new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("divideComponents throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.divideComponents(new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("add throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.add(new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("subtract throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.subtract(new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("multiplyByScalar throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.multiplyByScalar(new Cartesian3(), 5);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("divideByScalar throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.divideByScalar(new Cartesian3(), 5);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("negate throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.negate(new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("abs throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.abs(new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("cross throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.cross(new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("lerp throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.lerp(new Cartesian3(), new Cartesian3(), 10);
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("mostOrthogonalAxis throws with no result", function () {
    expect(function () {
      Cartesian3.mostOrthogonalAxis(new Cartesian3());
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  it("projects vector a onto vector b", function () {
    let a = new Cartesian3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    let b = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    let result = Cartesian3.projectVector(a, b, new Cartesian3());
    expect(result).toEqual(new Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0));

    a = new Cartesian3(1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    b = new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    result = Cartesian3.projectVector(a, b, new Cartesian3());
    expect(result).toEqual(new Cartesian3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0));
  });

  it("projectVector throws when missing parameters", function () {
    expect(function () {
      return Cartesian3.projectVector(
        undefined,
        new Cartesian3(),
        new Cartesian3()
      );
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
    expect(function () {
      return Cartesian3.projectVector(
        new Cartesian3(),
        undefined,
        new Cartesian3()
      );
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
    expect(function () {
      return Cartesian3.projectVector(
        new Cartesian3(),
        new Cartesian3(),
        undefined
      );
    }).toThrowDeveloperError();
  });

  createPackableSpecs(Cartesian3, new Cartesian3(1, 2, 3), [1, 2, 3]);
  createPackableArraySpecs(
    Cartesian3,
    [new Cartesian3(1, 2, 3), new Cartesian3(4, 5, 6)],
    [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6],
    3
  );
});