diff --git a/pkg/ccl/storageccl/engineccl/bench_test.go b/pkg/ccl/storageccl/engineccl/bench_test.go
index 0b8fa255f042..6c3f8d5ab110 100644
--- a/pkg/ccl/storageccl/engineccl/bench_test.go
+++ b/pkg/ccl/storageccl/engineccl/bench_test.go
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ func loadTestData(
 			timestamp := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: minWallTime + rand.Int63n(int64(batchTimeSpan))}
 			value := roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes(randutil.RandBytes(rng, valueBytes))
 			value.InitChecksum(key)
-			if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, key, timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, key, timestamp, value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				tb.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/ccl/storageccl/engineccl/encrypted_fs_test.go b/pkg/ccl/storageccl/engineccl/encrypted_fs_test.go
index 1d3abff8238a..8f9055778aff 100644
--- a/pkg/ccl/storageccl/engineccl/encrypted_fs_test.go
+++ b/pkg/ccl/storageccl/engineccl/encrypted_fs_test.go
@@ -397,12 +397,10 @@ func TestPebbleEncryption2(t *testing.T) {
 		err = storage.MVCCPut(
 			context.Background(),
 			db,
-			nil, /* ms */
 			roachpb.Key(key),
 			hlc.Timestamp{},
-			hlc.ClockTimestamp{},
 			roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes([]byte(val)),
-			nil, /* txn */
+			storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 		)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.NoError(t, db.Flush())
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvclient/kvcoord/dist_sender_server_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvclient/kvcoord/dist_sender_server_test.go
index bdc23647bd64..813eb8356a51 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvclient/kvcoord/dist_sender_server_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvclient/kvcoord/dist_sender_server_test.go
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func TestRangeLookupWithOpenTransaction(t *testing.T) {
 	key := testutils.MakeKey(keys.Meta1Prefix, roachpb.KeyMax)
 	now := s.Clock().Now()
 	txn := roachpb.MakeTransaction("txn", roachpb.Key("foobar"), isolation.Serializable, 0, now, 0, int32(s.SQLInstanceID()))
-	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(context.Background(), s.Engines()[0], nil, key, now, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, &txn, &roachpb.RangeDescriptor{}); err != nil {
+	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(context.Background(), s.Engines()[0], key, now, &roachpb.RangeDescriptor{}, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/abortspan/abortspan.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/abortspan/abortspan.go
index 01942e11faa5..afb50200c651 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/abortspan/abortspan.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/abortspan/abortspan.go
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func (sc *AbortSpan) Del(
 	ctx context.Context, reader storage.ReadWriter, ms *enginepb.MVCCStats, txnID uuid.UUID,
 ) error {
 	key := keys.AbortSpanKey(sc.rangeID, txnID)
-	_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, reader, ms, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil /* txn */)
+	_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, reader, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms})
 	return err
 }
 
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ func (sc *AbortSpan) Put(
 ) error {
 	log.VEventf(ctx, 2, "writing abort span entry for %s", txnID.Short())
 	key := keys.AbortSpanKey(sc.rangeID, txnID)
-	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, ms, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil /* txn */, entry)
+	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, entry, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms})
 }
 
 // CopyTo copies the abort span entries to the abort span for the range
@@ -178,9 +178,9 @@ func (sc *AbortSpan) CopyTo(
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, w, ms,
+		return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, w,
 			keys.AbortSpanKey(newRangeID, txnID),
-			hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &entry,
+			hlc.Timestamp{}, &entry, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms},
 		)
 	}); err != nil {
 		return errors.Wrap(err, "AbortSpan.CopyTo")
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batch_spanset_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batch_spanset_test.go
index 593c3ae41331..91c77e645760 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batch_spanset_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batch_spanset_test.go
@@ -545,12 +545,10 @@ func TestSpanSetMVCCResolveWriteIntentRange(t *testing.T) {
 	if err := storage.MVCCPut(
 		ctx,
 		eng,
-		nil, // ms
 		roachpb.Key("b"),
 		hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 10}, // irrelevant
-		hlc.ClockTimestamp{},        // irrelevant
 		value,
-		nil, // txn
+		storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}, // irrelevant
 	); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_add_sstable_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_add_sstable_test.go
index 0cde5e1dba14..84cc5b24fdf9 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_add_sstable_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_add_sstable_test.go
@@ -1142,7 +1142,7 @@ func TestEvalAddSSTable(t *testing.T) {
 								kv.Key.Timestamp.WallTime *= 1e9
 								v, err := storage.DecodeMVCCValue(kv.Value)
 								require.NoError(t, err)
-								require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, b, nil, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v.Value, txn))
+								require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, b, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, v.Value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}))
 							case storage.MVCCRangeKeyValue:
 								v, err := storage.DecodeMVCCValue(kv.Value)
 								require.NoError(t, err)
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_clear_range_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_clear_range_test.go
index 91260dea23b4..0f8f2f640d6d 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_clear_range_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_clear_range_test.go
@@ -152,8 +152,8 @@ func TestCmdClearRange(t *testing.T) {
 				// Write some random point keys within the cleared span, above the range tombstones.
 				for i := 0; i < tc.keyCount; i++ {
 					key := roachpb.Key(fmt.Sprintf("%04d", i))
-					require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, key,
-						hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64(4+i%2) * 1e9}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil))
+					require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key,
+						hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64(4+i%2) * 1e9}, value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 				}
 
 				// Calculate the range stats.
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_conditional_put.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_conditional_put.go
index 330357c7eaa0..07b0898e4121 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_conditional_put.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_conditional_put.go
@@ -51,6 +51,12 @@ func ConditionalPut(
 	args := cArgs.Args.(*kvpb.ConditionalPutRequest)
 	h := cArgs.Header
 
+	opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+		Txn:            h.Txn,
+		LocalTimestamp: cArgs.Now,
+		Stats:          cArgs.Stats,
+	}
+
 	var ts hlc.Timestamp
 	if !args.Inline {
 		ts = h.Timestamp
@@ -60,10 +66,10 @@ func ConditionalPut(
 	var err error
 	if args.Blind {
 		err = storage.MVCCBlindConditionalPut(
-			ctx, readWriter, cArgs.Stats, args.Key, ts, cArgs.Now, args.Value, args.ExpBytes, handleMissing, h.Txn)
+			ctx, readWriter, args.Key, ts, args.Value, args.ExpBytes, handleMissing, opts)
 	} else {
 		err = storage.MVCCConditionalPut(
-			ctx, readWriter, cArgs.Stats, args.Key, ts, cArgs.Now, args.Value, args.ExpBytes, handleMissing, h.Txn)
+			ctx, readWriter, args.Key, ts, args.Value, args.ExpBytes, handleMissing, opts)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return result.Result{}, err
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_delete.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_delete.go
index ba41d7cd4065..e5321313c27b 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_delete.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_delete.go
@@ -31,9 +31,15 @@ func Delete(
 	h := cArgs.Header
 	reply := resp.(*kvpb.DeleteResponse)
 
+	opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+		Txn:            h.Txn,
+		LocalTimestamp: cArgs.Now,
+		Stats:          cArgs.Stats,
+	}
+
 	var err error
 	reply.FoundKey, err = storage.MVCCDelete(
-		ctx, readWriter, cArgs.Stats, args.Key, h.Timestamp, cArgs.Now, h.Txn,
+		ctx, readWriter, args.Key, h.Timestamp, opts,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		return result.Result{}, err
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_delete_range.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_delete_range.go
index 6d39578efab6..7820b0d811e8 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_delete_range.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_delete_range.go
@@ -228,8 +228,10 @@ func DeleteRange(
 	// can update the Result's AcquiredLocks field.
 	returnKeys := args.ReturnKeys || h.Txn != nil
 	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err := storage.MVCCDeleteRange(
-		ctx, readWriter, cArgs.Stats, args.Key, args.EndKey,
-		h.MaxSpanRequestKeys, timestamp, cArgs.Now, h.Txn, returnKeys)
+		ctx, readWriter, args.Key, args.EndKey,
+		h.MaxSpanRequestKeys, timestamp,
+		storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: h.Txn, LocalTimestamp: cArgs.Now, Stats: cArgs.Stats},
+		returnKeys)
 	if err != nil {
 		return result.Result{}, err
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_delete_range_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_delete_range_test.go
index 43060106f022..42620de94a6c 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_delete_range_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_delete_range_test.go
@@ -60,12 +60,12 @@ func TestDeleteRangeTombstone(t *testing.T) {
 		var localTS hlc.ClockTimestamp
 
 		txn := roachpb.MakeTransaction("test", nil /* baseKey */, isolation.Serializable, roachpb.NormalUserPriority, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5e9}, 0, 0)
-		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("b"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2e9}, localTS, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("b2"), nil))
-		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("c"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 4e9}, localTS, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("c4"), nil))
-		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("d"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2e9}, localTS, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("d2"), nil))
-		_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("d"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3e9}, localTS, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("b"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2e9}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("b2"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("c"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 4e9}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("c4"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("d"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2e9}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("d2"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+		_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("d"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3e9}, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("i"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5e9}, localTS, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("i5"), &txn))
+		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("i"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5e9}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("i5"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}))
 		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCDeleteRangeUsingTombstone(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("f"), roachpb.Key("h"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3e9}, localTS, nil, nil, false, 0, nil))
 		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCDeleteRangeUsingTombstone(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("Z"), roachpb.Key("a"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 100e9}, localTS, nil, nil, false, 0, nil))
 		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCDeleteRangeUsingTombstone(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("z"), roachpb.Key("|"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 100e9}, localTS, nil, nil, false, 0, nil))
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_end_transaction.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_end_transaction.go
index cceb6a8ec461..e8b0b1deecaa 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_end_transaction.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_end_transaction.go
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@ func updateStagingTxn(
 	txn.LockSpans = args.LockSpans
 	txn.InFlightWrites = args.InFlightWrites
 	txnRecord := txn.AsRecord()
-	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, ms, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &txnRecord)
+	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, &txnRecord, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms})
 }
 
 // updateFinalizedTxn persists the COMMITTED or ABORTED transaction record with
@@ -703,6 +703,7 @@ func updateFinalizedTxn(
 	recordAlreadyExisted bool,
 	externalLocks []roachpb.Span,
 ) error {
+	opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms}
 	if !evalCtx.EvalKnobs().DisableTxnAutoGC && len(externalLocks) == 0 {
 		if log.V(2) {
 			log.Infof(ctx, "auto-gc'ed %s (%d locks)", txn.Short(), len(args.LockSpans))
@@ -713,13 +714,13 @@ func updateFinalizedTxn(
 			// BatchRequest writes.
 			return nil
 		}
-		_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, readWriter, ms, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil)
+		_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, readWriter, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, opts)
 		return err
 	}
 	txn.LockSpans = externalLocks
 	txn.InFlightWrites = nil
 	txnRecord := txn.AsRecord()
-	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, ms, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &txnRecord)
+	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, &txnRecord, opts)
 }
 
 // RunCommitTrigger runs the commit trigger from an end transaction request.
@@ -1092,7 +1093,7 @@ func splitTriggerHelper(
 	if err != nil {
 		return enginepb.MVCCStats{}, result.Result{}, errors.Wrap(err, "unable to fetch last replica GC timestamp")
 	}
-	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, batch, nil, keys.RangeLastReplicaGCTimestampKey(split.RightDesc.RangeID), hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &replicaGCTS); err != nil {
+	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, batch, keys.RangeLastReplicaGCTimestampKey(split.RightDesc.RangeID), hlc.Timestamp{}, &replicaGCTS, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		return enginepb.MVCCStats{}, result.Result{}, errors.Wrap(err, "unable to copy last replica GC timestamp")
 	}
 
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_end_transaction_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_end_transaction_test.go
index d77670954cea..f43ee2fe4dc3 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_end_transaction_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_end_transaction_test.go
@@ -1098,7 +1098,7 @@ func TestEndTxnUpdatesTransactionRecord(t *testing.T) {
 			// Write the existing transaction record, if necessary.
 			txnKey := keys.TransactionKey(txn.Key, txn.ID)
 			if c.existingTxn != nil {
-				if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, batch, nil, txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, c.existingTxn); err != nil {
+				if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, batch, txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, c.existingTxn, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			}
@@ -1200,13 +1200,13 @@ func TestPartialRollbackOnEndTransaction(t *testing.T) {
 		// Write a first value at key.
 		v.SetString("a")
 		txn.Sequence = 1
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, k, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, &txn); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, k, ts, v, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		// Write another value.
 		v.SetString("b")
 		txn.Sequence = 2
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, k, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, &txn); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, k, ts, v, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
@@ -1219,7 +1219,7 @@ func TestPartialRollbackOnEndTransaction(t *testing.T) {
 		txnKey := keys.TransactionKey(txn.Key, txn.ID)
 		if storeTxnBeforeEndTxn {
 			txnRec := txn.AsRecord()
-			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, batch, nil, txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &txnRec); err != nil {
+			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, batch, txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, &txnRec, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -1648,7 +1648,7 @@ func TestResolveLocalLocks(t *testing.T) {
 			txn.Status = roachpb.COMMITTED
 
 			for i := 0; i < numKeys; i++ {
-				err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, intToKey(i), ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("a"), &txn)
+				err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, intToKey(i), ts, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("a"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn})
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			}
 			resolvedLocks, externalLocks, err := resolveLocalLocksWithPagination(
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_export_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_export_test.go
index 87754c46a133..65fb7a7e54b7 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_export_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_export_test.go
@@ -808,7 +808,7 @@ func TestRandomKeyAndTimestampExport(t *testing.T) {
 			valueSize := randutil.RandIntInRange(rnd, averageValueSize-100, averageValueSize+100)
 			value := roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes(randutil.RandBytes(rnd, valueSize))
 			value.InitChecksum(key)
-			if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, key, ts, value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ func TestRandomKeyAndTimestampExport(t *testing.T) {
 				ts = hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64(curWallTime), Logical: int32(curLogical)}
 				value = roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes(randutil.RandBytes(rnd, 200))
 				value.InitChecksum(key)
-				if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+				if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, key, ts, value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_heartbeat_txn.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_heartbeat_txn.go
index a0cb38db7f01..24d7fc2e1c37 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_heartbeat_txn.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_heartbeat_txn.go
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ func HeartbeatTxn(
 		// is up for debate.
 		txn.LastHeartbeat.Forward(args.Now)
 		txnRecord := txn.AsRecord()
-		if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, cArgs.Stats, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &txnRecord); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, &txnRecord, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: cArgs.Stats}); err != nil {
 			return result.Result{}, err
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_increment.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_increment.go
index 027096f58952..be576e3d1c48 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_increment.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_increment.go
@@ -32,9 +32,15 @@ func Increment(
 	h := cArgs.Header
 	reply := resp.(*kvpb.IncrementResponse)
 
+	opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+		Txn:            h.Txn,
+		LocalTimestamp: cArgs.Now,
+		Stats:          cArgs.Stats,
+	}
+
 	var err error
 	reply.NewValue, err = storage.MVCCIncrement(
-		ctx, readWriter, cArgs.Stats, args.Key, h.Timestamp, cArgs.Now, h.Txn, args.Increment)
+		ctx, readWriter, args.Key, h.Timestamp, opts, args.Increment)
 	if err != nil {
 		return result.Result{}, err
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_init_put.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_init_put.go
index f9a8aad3c1f7..0bb1a5a21c0a 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_init_put.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_init_put.go
@@ -32,6 +32,12 @@ func InitPut(
 	args := cArgs.Args.(*kvpb.InitPutRequest)
 	h := cArgs.Header
 
+	opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+		Txn:            h.Txn,
+		LocalTimestamp: cArgs.Now,
+		Stats:          cArgs.Stats,
+	}
+
 	if args.FailOnTombstones && cArgs.EvalCtx.EvalKnobs().DisableInitPutFailOnTombstones {
 		args.FailOnTombstones = false
 	}
@@ -39,10 +45,10 @@ func InitPut(
 	var err error
 	if args.Blind {
 		err = storage.MVCCBlindInitPut(
-			ctx, readWriter, cArgs.Stats, args.Key, h.Timestamp, cArgs.Now, args.Value, args.FailOnTombstones, h.Txn)
+			ctx, readWriter, args.Key, h.Timestamp, args.Value, args.FailOnTombstones, opts)
 	} else {
 		err = storage.MVCCInitPut(
-			ctx, readWriter, cArgs.Stats, args.Key, h.Timestamp, cArgs.Now, args.Value, args.FailOnTombstones, h.Txn)
+			ctx, readWriter, args.Key, h.Timestamp, args.Value, args.FailOnTombstones, opts)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return result.Result{}, err
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_push_txn.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_push_txn.go
index f5238c1c3d7c..ba68798a1435 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_push_txn.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_push_txn.go
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ func PushTxn(
 		// in the timestamp cache.
 		if ok {
 			txnRecord := reply.PusheeTxn.AsRecord()
-			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, cArgs.Stats, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &txnRecord); err != nil {
+			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, &txnRecord, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: cArgs.Stats}); err != nil {
 				return result.Result{}, err
 			}
 		}
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ func PushTxn(
 		// TODO(nvanbenschoten): remove this logic in v23.2.
 		if ok && !cArgs.EvalCtx.ClusterSettings().Version.IsActive(ctx, clusterversion.V23_1) {
 			txnRecord := reply.PusheeTxn.AsRecord()
-			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, cArgs.Stats, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &txnRecord); err != nil {
+			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, &txnRecord, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: cArgs.Stats}); err != nil {
 				return result.Result{}, err
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_put.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_put.go
index 3a887e0332d3..54282352200a 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_put.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_put.go
@@ -48,7 +48,12 @@ func Put(
 ) (result.Result, error) {
 	args := cArgs.Args.(*kvpb.PutRequest)
 	h := cArgs.Header
-	ms := cArgs.Stats
+
+	opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+		Txn:            h.Txn,
+		LocalTimestamp: cArgs.Now,
+		Stats:          cArgs.Stats,
+	}
 
 	var ts hlc.Timestamp
 	if !args.Inline {
@@ -56,9 +61,9 @@ func Put(
 	}
 	var err error
 	if args.Blind {
-		err = storage.MVCCBlindPut(ctx, readWriter, ms, args.Key, ts, cArgs.Now, args.Value, h.Txn)
+		err = storage.MVCCBlindPut(ctx, readWriter, args.Key, ts, args.Value, opts)
 	} else {
-		err = storage.MVCCPut(ctx, readWriter, ms, args.Key, ts, cArgs.Now, args.Value, h.Txn)
+		err = storage.MVCCPut(ctx, readWriter, args.Key, ts, args.Value, opts)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return result.Result{}, err
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_query_intent_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_query_intent_test.go
index 4161f060de6a..ab903789b66a 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_query_intent_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_query_intent_test.go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func TestQueryIntent(t *testing.T) {
 
 	writeIntent := func(k roachpb.Key, ts int64) roachpb.Transaction {
 		txn := roachpb.MakeTransaction("test", k, 0, 0, makeTS(ts), 0, 1)
-		_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, db, nil, k, makeTS(ts), hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, &txn)
+		_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, db, k, makeTS(ts), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		return txn
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_query_resolved_timestamp_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_query_resolved_timestamp_test.go
index 9b0d01bf8ec2..5ae795d04aae 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_query_resolved_timestamp_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_query_resolved_timestamp_test.go
@@ -44,16 +44,16 @@ func TestQueryResolvedTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 		return hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: ts}
 	}
 	writeValue := func(k string, ts int64) {
-		_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, db, nil, roachpb.Key(k), makeTS(ts), hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil)
+		_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, db, roachpb.Key(k), makeTS(ts), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 	writeIntent := func(k string, ts int64) {
 		txn := roachpb.MakeTransaction("test", roachpb.Key(k), 0, 0, makeTS(ts), 0, 1)
-		_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, db, nil, roachpb.Key(k), makeTS(ts), hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, &txn)
+		_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, db, roachpb.Key(k), makeTS(ts), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 	writeInline := func(k string) {
-		_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, db, nil, roachpb.Key(k), hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil)
+		_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, db, roachpb.Key(k), hlc.Timestamp{}, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_recover_txn.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_recover_txn.go
index 57021077f471..45c021a00fe7 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_recover_txn.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_recover_txn.go
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ func RecoverTxn(
 		reply.RecoveredTxn.Status = roachpb.ABORTED
 	}
 	txnRecord := reply.RecoveredTxn.AsRecord()
-	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, cArgs.Stats, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &txnRecord); err != nil {
+	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, &txnRecord, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: cArgs.Stats}); err != nil {
 		return result.Result{}, err
 	}
 
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_recover_txn_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_recover_txn_test.go
index 381b265bc1d8..4a7363829afd 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_recover_txn_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_recover_txn_test.go
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func TestRecoverTxn(t *testing.T) {
 		// Write the transaction record.
 		txnKey := keys.TransactionKey(txn.Key, txn.ID)
 		txnRecord := txn.AsRecord()
-		if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, db, nil, txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &txnRecord); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, db, txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, &txnRecord, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ func TestRecoverTxnRecordChanged(t *testing.T) {
 			// request is evaluated.
 			txnKey := keys.TransactionKey(txn.Key, txn.ID)
 			txnRecord := c.changedTxn.AsRecord()
-			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, db, nil, txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &txnRecord); err != nil {
+			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, db, txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, &txnRecord, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_refresh_range_bench_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_refresh_range_bench_test.go
index 61859eef49ed..2b8eafc80f4e 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_refresh_range_bench_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_refresh_range_bench_test.go
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ func setupData(
 			value := roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes(randutil.RandBytes(rng, opts.valueBytes))
 			value.InitChecksum(key)
 			ts := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64((pos + 1) * 5)}
-			if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil /* ms */, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, key, ts, value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				b.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_refresh_range_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_refresh_range_test.go
index ff59fe5f9dd7..494bfff5346c 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_refresh_range_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_refresh_range_test.go
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ func TestRefreshRange(t *testing.T) {
 	// Write an MVCC point key at b@3, MVCC point tombstone at b@5, and MVCC range
 	// tombstone at [d-f)@7.
 	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(
-		ctx, eng, nil, roachpb.Key("b"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value"), nil))
+		ctx, eng, roachpb.Key("b"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(
-		ctx, eng, nil, roachpb.Key("c"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.Value{}, nil))
+		ctx, eng, roachpb.Key("c"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5}, roachpb.Value{}, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCDeleteRangeUsingTombstone(
 		ctx, eng, nil, roachpb.Key("d"), roachpb.Key("f"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 7}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, nil, false, 0, nil))
 
@@ -155,10 +155,10 @@ func TestRefreshRangeTimeBoundIterator(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		ReadTimestamp: ts1,
 	}
-	if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, k, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, k, txn.ReadTimestamp, v, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, roachpb.Key("unused1"), ts4, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, roachpb.Key("unused1"), ts4, v, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	if err := db.Flush(); err != nil {
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ func TestRefreshRangeTimeBoundIterator(t *testing.T) {
 	if _, _, _, err := storage.MVCCResolveWriteIntent(ctx, db, nil, intent, storage.MVCCResolveWriteIntentOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, roachpb.Key("unused2"), ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, roachpb.Key("unused2"), ts1, v, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	if err := db.Flush(); err != nil {
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ func TestRefreshRangeError(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			ReadTimestamp: ts2,
 		}
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, k, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, txn); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, k, txn.ReadTimestamp, v, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_refresh_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_refresh_test.go
index 808f43bf2856..b94c73931608 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_refresh_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_refresh_test.go
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func TestRefreshError(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			ReadTimestamp: ts2,
 		}
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, k, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, txn); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, k, txn.ReadTimestamp, v, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func TestRefreshTimestampBounds(t *testing.T) {
 	ts3 := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}
 
 	// Write to a key at time ts2.
-	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, k, ts2, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil))
+	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, k, ts2, v, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
 		from, to hlc.Timestamp
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_resolve_intent_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_resolve_intent_test.go
index 9b127b775882..fdd53a2c65a3 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_resolve_intent_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_resolve_intent_test.go
@@ -169,13 +169,13 @@ func TestResolveIntentAfterPartialRollback(t *testing.T) {
 		// Write a first value at key.
 		v.SetString("a")
 		txn.Sequence = 0
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, k, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, &txn); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, k, ts, v, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		// Write another value.
 		v.SetString("b")
 		txn.Sequence = 1
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, k, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, &txn); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, k, ts, v, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		if err := batch.Commit(true); err != nil {
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ func TestResolveIntentWithTargetBytes(t *testing.T) {
 		st := cluster.MakeTestingClusterSettings()
 
 		for i, testKey := range testKeys {
-			err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, testKey, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, values[i], &txn)
+			err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, testKey, ts, values[i], storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn})
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 		}
 		initialBytes := batch.Len()
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_revert_range_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_revert_range_test.go
index d89b5971c470..523b08f271cc 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_revert_range_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_revert_range_test.go
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ func TestCmdRevertRange(t *testing.T) {
 		key := roachpb.Key(fmt.Sprintf("%04d", i))
 		var value roachpb.Value
 		value.SetString(fmt.Sprintf("%d", i))
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, &stats, key, baseTime.Add(int64(i%10), 0), hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key, baseTime.Add(int64(i%10), 0), value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: &stats}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ func TestCmdRevertRange(t *testing.T) {
 		key := roachpb.Key(fmt.Sprintf("%04d", i))
 		var value roachpb.Value
 		value.SetString(fmt.Sprintf("%d-rev-a", i))
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, &stats, key, tsA.Add(int64(i%5), 1), hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key, tsA.Add(int64(i%5), 1), value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: &stats}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ func TestCmdRevertRange(t *testing.T) {
 		key := roachpb.Key(fmt.Sprintf("%04d", i))
 		var value roachpb.Value
 		value.SetString(fmt.Sprintf("%d-rev-b", i))
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, &stats, key, tsB.Add(1, int32(i%5)), hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key, tsB.Add(1, int32(i%5)), value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: &stats}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ func TestCmdRevertRange(t *testing.T) {
 
 	txn := roachpb.MakeTransaction("test", nil, isolation.Serializable, roachpb.NormalUserPriority, tsC, 1, 1)
 	if err := storage.MVCCPut(
-		ctx, eng, &stats, []byte("0012"), tsC, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes([]byte("i")), &txn,
+		ctx, eng, []byte("0012"), tsC, roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes([]byte("i")), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn, Stats: &stats},
 	); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ func TestCmdRevertRange(t *testing.T) {
 		key := roachpb.Key(fmt.Sprintf("%04d", i))
 		var value roachpb.Value
 		value.SetString(fmt.Sprintf("%d-rev-b", i))
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, &stats, key, tsC.Add(10, int32(i%5)), hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key, tsC.Add(10, int32(i%5)), value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: &stats}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("writing key %s: %+v", key, err)
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_scan_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_scan_test.go
index eb3c594fe8bd..4cb31e773f42 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_scan_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_scan_test.go
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func testScanReverseScanInner(
 
 	// Write to k1 and k2.
 	for _, k := range []roachpb.Key{k1, k2} {
-		err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, k, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value-"+string(k)), nil)
+		err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, k, ts, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value-"+string(k)), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ func TestScanReverseScanWholeRows(t *testing.T) {
 	for r := 0; r < 2; r++ {
 		for cf := uint32(0); cf < 3; cf++ {
 			key := makeRowKey(t, r, cf)
-			err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value"), nil)
+			err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key, ts, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			rowKeys = append(rowKeys, key)
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_truncate_log_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_truncate_log_test.go
index 3d452cb84636..14428ef2cbe9 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_truncate_log_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/cmd_truncate_log_test.go
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ func putTruncatedState(
 ) {
 	key := keys.RaftTruncatedStateKey(rangeID)
 	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
-		context.Background(), eng, nil, key,
-		hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil /* txn */, &truncState,
+		context.Background(), eng, key,
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, &truncState, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 	); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/intent_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/intent_test.go
index e658a1bde434..f50ed9dfb896 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/intent_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/intent_test.go
@@ -131,9 +131,9 @@ func TestCollectIntentsUsesSameIterator(t *testing.T) {
 				txn := roachpb.MakeTransaction("test", key, isolation.Serializable, roachpb.NormalUserPriority, ts, 0, 1)
 				var err error
 				if delete {
-					_, err = storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, db, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, &txn)
+					_, err = storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, db, key, ts, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn})
 				} else {
-					err = storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, &txn)
+					err = storage.MVCCPut(ctx, db, key, ts, val, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn})
 				}
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/transaction_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/transaction_test.go
index 2bfd0ea1e682..f22c511bb58d 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/transaction_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/batcheval/transaction_test.go
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func TestUpdateAbortSpan(t *testing.T) {
 	type evalFn func(storage.ReadWriter, EvalContext, *enginepb.MVCCStats) error
 	addIntent := func(b storage.ReadWriter, _ EvalContext, ms *enginepb.MVCCStats) error {
 		val := roachpb.MakeValueFromString("val")
-		return storage.MVCCPut(ctx, b, ms, intentKey, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, &txn)
+		return storage.MVCCPut(ctx, b, intentKey, txn.ReadTimestamp, val, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn, Stats: ms})
 	}
 	addPrevAbortSpanEntry := func(b storage.ReadWriter, rec EvalContext, ms *enginepb.MVCCStats) error {
 		return UpdateAbortSpan(ctx, rec, b, ms, prevTxn.TxnMeta, true /* poison */)
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/client_merge_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/client_merge_test.go
index df7152e7d2e0..8291a1fc9665 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/client_merge_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/client_merge_test.go
@@ -3893,7 +3893,7 @@ func TestStoreRangeMergeRaftSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
 			tombstoneKey := keys.RangeTombstoneKey(rangeID)
 			tombstoneValue := &kvserverpb.RangeTombstone{NextReplicaID: math.MaxInt32}
 			if err := storage.MVCCBlindPutProto(
-				context.Background(), &sst, nil, tombstoneKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, tombstoneValue, nil,
+				context.Background(), &sst, tombstoneKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, tombstoneValue, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 			); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/consistency_queue_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/consistency_queue_test.go
index bd53ed544dc1..39219daed2e9 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/consistency_queue_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/consistency_queue_test.go
@@ -343,8 +343,8 @@ func TestCheckConsistencyInconsistent(t *testing.T) {
 	var val roachpb.Value
 	val.SetInt(42)
 	// Put an inconsistent key "e" to s2, and have s1 and s3 still agree.
-	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(context.Background(), s2.TODOEngine(), nil,
-		roachpb.Key("e"), tc.Server(0).Clock().Now(), hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, nil))
+	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(context.Background(), s2.TODOEngine(),
+		roachpb.Key("e"), tc.Server(0).Clock().Now(), val, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 
 	// Run consistency check again, this time it should find something.
 	resp = runConsistencyCheck()
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/gc/data_distribution_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/gc/data_distribution_test.go
index 516e6a4f4d85..569237bb20e4 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/gc/data_distribution_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/gc/data_distribution_test.go
@@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ func (ds dataDistribution) setupTest(
 			if txn.WriteTimestamp.IsEmpty() {
 				txn.WriteTimestamp = ts
 			}
-			err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, &ms, kv.Key.Key, ts,
-				hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.Value{RawBytes: kv.Value}, txn)
+			err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, kv.Key.Key, ts,
+				roachpb.Value{RawBytes: kv.Value}, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: &ms})
 			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to insert value for key %s, value length=%d",
 				kv.Key.String(), len(kv.Value))
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/gc/gc_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/gc/gc_test.go
index 04b9c123930e..97facbd32e7a 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/gc/gc_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/gc/gc_test.go
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ func TestIntentAgeThresholdSetting(t *testing.T) {
 		WallTime: intentTs.Nanoseconds(),
 	}
 	txn := roachpb.MakeTransaction("txn", key, isolation.Serializable, roachpb.NormalUserPriority, intentHlc, 1000, 0)
-	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, key, intentHlc, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, &txn))
+	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key, intentHlc, value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}))
 	require.NoError(t, eng.Flush())
 
 	// Prepare test fixtures for GC run.
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ func TestIntentCleanupBatching(t *testing.T) {
 		txn := roachpb.MakeTransaction("txn", key, isolation.Serializable, roachpb.NormalUserPriority, intentHlc, 1000, 0)
 		for _, suffix := range objectKeys {
 			key := []byte{prefix, suffix}
-			require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, key, intentHlc, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, &txn))
+			require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key, intentHlc, value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}))
 		}
 		require.NoError(t, eng.Flush())
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/kvstorage/cluster_version.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/kvstorage/cluster_version.go
index 36d37964c9a9..c5a02b43546d 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/kvstorage/cluster_version.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/kvstorage/cluster_version.go
@@ -35,12 +35,10 @@ func WriteClusterVersion(
 		if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
 			ctx,
 			eng,
-			nil,
 			keys.DeprecatedStoreClusterVersionKey(),
 			hlc.Timestamp{},
-			hlc.ClockTimestamp{},
-			nil,
 			&cv,
+			storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 		); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/kvstorage/destroy.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/kvstorage/destroy.go
index 8a24cae11067..89ef23160b30 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/kvstorage/destroy.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/kvstorage/destroy.go
@@ -148,6 +148,6 @@ func DestroyReplica(
 
 	tombstone := kvserverpb.RangeTombstone{NextReplicaID: nextReplicaID}
 	// "Blind" because ms == nil and timestamp.IsEmpty().
-	return storage.MVCCBlindPutProto(ctx, writer, nil, tombstoneKey,
-		hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, &tombstone, nil)
+	return storage.MVCCBlindPutProto(ctx, writer, tombstoneKey,
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, &tombstone, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 }
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/kvstorage/init.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/kvstorage/init.go
index fd65085c6ddc..68ecdb81d16e 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/kvstorage/init.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/kvstorage/init.go
@@ -60,12 +60,10 @@ func InitEngine(ctx context.Context, eng storage.Engine, ident roachpb.StoreIden
 	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
 		ctx,
 		batch,
-		nil,
 		keys.StoreIdentKey(),
 		hlc.Timestamp{},
-		hlc.ClockTimestamp{},
-		nil,
 		&ident,
+		storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 	); err != nil {
 		batch.Close()
 		return err
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/logstore/logstore.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/logstore/logstore.go
index 769e2fabae68..40dc17ee17fd 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/logstore/logstore.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/logstore/logstore.go
@@ -380,6 +380,9 @@ func logAppend(
 		return prev, nil
 	}
 	var diff enginepb.MVCCStats
+	opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+		Stats: &diff,
+	}
 	value := valPool.Get().(*roachpb.Value)
 	value.RawBytes = value.RawBytes[:0]
 	defer valPool.Put(value)
@@ -393,9 +396,9 @@ func logAppend(
 		value.InitChecksum(key)
 		var err error
 		if kvpb.RaftIndex(ent.Index) > prev.LastIndex {
-			err = storage.MVCCBlindPut(ctx, rw, &diff, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, *value, nil /* txn */)
+			err = storage.MVCCBlindPut(ctx, rw, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, *value, opts)
 		} else {
-			err = storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, &diff, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, *value, nil /* txn */)
+			err = storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, *value, opts)
 		}
 		if err != nil {
 			return RaftState{}, err
@@ -408,8 +411,8 @@ func logAppend(
 		for i := newLastIndex + 1; i <= prev.LastIndex; i++ {
 			// Note that the caller is in charge of deleting any sideloaded payloads
 			// (which they must only do *after* the batch has committed).
-			_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, rw, &diff, keys.RaftLogKeyFromPrefix(raftLogPrefix, i),
-				hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil)
+			_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, rw, keys.RaftLogKeyFromPrefix(raftLogPrefix, i),
+				hlc.Timestamp{}, opts)
 			if err != nil {
 				return RaftState{}, err
 			}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/logstore/stateloader.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/logstore/stateloader.go
index ef379618a3d3..a3c384b58905 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/logstore/stateloader.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/logstore/stateloader.go
@@ -107,16 +107,14 @@ func (sl StateLoader) SetRaftTruncatedState(
 	if (*truncState == kvserverpb.RaftTruncatedState{}) {
 		return errors.New("cannot persist empty RaftTruncatedState")
 	}
-	// "Blind" because ms == nil and timestamp.IsEmpty().
+	// "Blind" because opts.Stats == nil and timestamp.IsEmpty().
 	return storage.MVCCBlindPutProto(
 		ctx,
 		writer,
-		nil, /* ms */
 		sl.RaftTruncatedStateKey(),
-		hlc.Timestamp{},      /* timestamp */
-		hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, /* localTimestamp */
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, /* timestamp */
 		truncState,
-		nil, /* txn */
+		storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}, /* txn */
 	)
 }
 
@@ -138,16 +136,14 @@ func (sl StateLoader) LoadHardState(
 func (sl StateLoader) SetHardState(
 	ctx context.Context, writer storage.Writer, hs raftpb.HardState,
 ) error {
-	// "Blind" because ms == nil and timestamp.IsEmpty().
+	// "Blind" because opts.Stats == nil and timestamp.IsEmpty().
 	return storage.MVCCBlindPutProto(
 		ctx,
 		writer,
-		nil, /* ms */
 		sl.RaftHardStateKey(),
-		hlc.Timestamp{},      /* timestamp */
-		hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, /* localTimestamp */
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, /* timestamp */
 		&hs,
-		nil, /* txn */
+		storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}, /* opts */
 	)
 }
 
@@ -191,16 +187,14 @@ func (sl StateLoader) SetRaftReplicaID(
 	ctx context.Context, writer storage.Writer, replicaID roachpb.ReplicaID,
 ) error {
 	rid := kvserverpb.RaftReplicaID{ReplicaID: replicaID}
-	// "Blind" because ms == nil and timestamp.IsEmpty().
+	// "Blind" because opts.Stats == nil and timestamp.IsEmpty().
 	return storage.MVCCBlindPutProto(
 		ctx,
 		writer,
-		nil, /* ms */
 		sl.RaftReplicaIDKey(),
-		hlc.Timestamp{},      /* timestamp */
-		hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, /* localTimestamp */
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, /* timestamp */
 		&rid,
-		nil, /* txn */
+		storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}, /* opts */
 	)
 }
 
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/apply.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/apply.go
index 615ea5eb8c16..37db9ef2f05d 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/apply.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/apply.go
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ func applyReplicaUpdate(
 		// A crude form of the intent resolution process: abort the
 		// transaction by deleting its record.
 		txnKey := keys.TransactionKey(res.Intent.Txn.Key, res.Intent.Txn.ID)
-		if _, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, readWriter, &ms, txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+		if _, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, readWriter, txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: &ms}); err != nil {
 			return PrepareReplicaReport{}, err
 		}
 		update := roachpb.LockUpdate{
@@ -293,8 +293,8 @@ func applyReplicaUpdate(
 	newDesc.NextReplicaID = update.NextReplicaID
 
 	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
-		ctx, readWriter, &ms, key, clock.Now(),
-		hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil /* txn */, &newDesc,
+		ctx, readWriter, key, clock.Now(),
+		&newDesc, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: &ms},
 	); err != nil {
 		return PrepareReplicaReport{}, err
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/apply_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/apply_test.go
index 0cc83adfcdce..787e137e0dd5 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/apply_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/apply_test.go
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ func createEngineOrFatal(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, uuid uuid.UUID, id i
 		StoreID:   roachpb.StoreID(id),
 	}
 	if err = storage.MVCCPutProto(
-		context.Background(), eng, nil, keys.StoreIdentKey(), hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &sIdent,
+		context.Background(), eng, keys.StoreIdentKey(), hlc.Timestamp{}, &sIdent, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 	); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to populate test store ident: %v", err)
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/record.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/record.go
index 0b980aa8b95a..76199429b13a 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/record.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/record.go
@@ -174,17 +174,17 @@ func writeNodeRecoveryResults(
 	actions loqrecoverypb.DeferredRecoveryActions,
 ) error {
 	var fullErr error
-	err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, writer, nil, keys.StoreLossOfQuorumRecoveryStatusKey(),
-		hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &result)
+	err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, writer, keys.StoreLossOfQuorumRecoveryStatusKey(),
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, &result, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	fullErr = errors.Wrap(err, "failed to write loss of quorum recovery plan application status")
 	if !actions.Empty() {
-		err = storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, writer, nil, keys.StoreLossOfQuorumRecoveryCleanupActionsKey(),
-			hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &actions)
+		err = storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, writer, keys.StoreLossOfQuorumRecoveryCleanupActionsKey(),
+			hlc.Timestamp{}, &actions, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 		fullErr = errors.CombineErrors(fullErr,
 			errors.Wrap(err, "failed to write loss of quorum recovery cleanup action"))
 	} else {
-		_, err = storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, writer, nil, keys.StoreLossOfQuorumRecoveryCleanupActionsKey(),
-			hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil)
+		_, err = storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, writer, keys.StoreLossOfQuorumRecoveryCleanupActionsKey(),
+			hlc.Timestamp{}, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 		fullErr = errors.CombineErrors(fullErr,
 			errors.Wrap(err, "failed to clean loss of quorum recovery cleanup action"))
 	}
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ func ReadCleanupActionsInfo(
 // RemoveCleanupActionsInfo removes cleanup actions info if it is present in the
 // reader.
 func RemoveCleanupActionsInfo(ctx context.Context, writer storage.ReadWriter) error {
-	_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, writer, nil, keys.StoreLossOfQuorumRecoveryCleanupActionsKey(),
-		hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil)
+	_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, writer, keys.StoreLossOfQuorumRecoveryCleanupActionsKey(),
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	return err
 }
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/recovery_env_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/recovery_env_test.go
index 6d4604d44b83..1c86a4f0dc33 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/recovery_env_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/loqrecovery/recovery_env_test.go
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ func (e *quorumRecoveryEnv) handleReplicationData(t *testing.T, d datadriven.Tes
 
 		eng := e.getOrCreateStore(ctx, t, replica.StoreID, replica.NodeID)
 		if err = storage.MVCCPutProto(
-			ctx, eng, nil, key, clock.Now(), hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil /* txn */, &desc,
+			ctx, eng, key, clock.Now(), &desc, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 		); err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("failed to write range descriptor into store: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ func (e *quorumRecoveryEnv) getOrCreateStore(
 			StoreID:   storeID,
 		}
 		if err = storage.MVCCPutProto(
-			context.Background(), eng, nil, keys.StoreIdentKey(), hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &sIdent,
+			context.Background(), eng, keys.StoreIdentKey(), hlc.Timestamp{}, &sIdent, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 		); err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("failed to populate test store ident: %v", err)
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/mvcc_gc_queue_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/mvcc_gc_queue_test.go
index 1516185c4f6a..bbcb07eaefe5 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/mvcc_gc_queue_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/mvcc_gc_queue_test.go
@@ -300,7 +300,11 @@ func (cws *cachedWriteSimulator) multiKey(
 	ts := hlc.Timestamp{}.Add(ms.LastUpdateNanos, 0)
 	key, value := []byte("multikey"), cws.value(size)
 	var eachMS enginepb.MVCCStats
-	if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, &eachMS, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, txn); err != nil {
+	opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+		Txn:   txn,
+		Stats: &eachMS,
+	}
+	if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key, ts, value, opts); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	for i := 1; i < numOps; i++ {
@@ -329,7 +333,7 @@ func (cws *cachedWriteSimulator) singleKeySteady(
 		for i := 0; i < qps; i++ {
 			now := initialNow.Add(elapsed.Nanoseconds(), int32(i))
 
-			if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, ms, key, now, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key, now, value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms}); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 			if len(firstSl) < cacheFirstLen {
@@ -524,9 +528,9 @@ func TestFullRangeDeleteHeuristic(t *testing.T) {
 			if rng.Float32() > 0.5 {
 				value.SetBytes(make([]byte, 20))
 			}
-			require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, &ms, key,
-				hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: time.Millisecond.Nanoseconds() * int64(i)}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{},
-				value, nil))
+			require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, key,
+				hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: time.Millisecond.Nanoseconds() * int64(i)},
+				value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: &ms}))
 		}
 		return ms, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: time.Millisecond.Nanoseconds() * int64(valCount)}
 	}
@@ -537,7 +541,7 @@ func TestFullRangeDeleteHeuristic(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	deleteWithPoints := func(rw storage.ReadWriter, delTime hlc.Timestamp, ms *enginepb.MVCCStats) {
 		for _, key := range keys {
-			require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, ms, key, delTime, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.Value{}, nil))
+			require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, rw, key, delTime, roachpb.Value{}, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms}))
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1127,7 +1131,7 @@ func TestMVCCGCQueueTransactionTable(t *testing.T) {
 		txns[strKey] = *txn
 		for _, addrKey := range []roachpb.Key{baseKey, outsideKey} {
 			key := keys.TransactionKey(addrKey, txn.ID)
-			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, tc.engine, nil, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, txn); err != nil {
+			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, tc.engine, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, txn, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -1331,7 +1335,7 @@ func TestMVCCGCQueueLastProcessedTimestamps(t *testing.T) {
 
 	ts := tc.Clock().Now()
 	for _, lpv := range lastProcessedVals {
-		if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, tc.engine, nil, lpv.key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &ts); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, tc.engine, lpv.key, hlc.Timestamp{}, &ts, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/rangefeed/catchup_scan_bench_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/rangefeed/catchup_scan_bench_test.go
index c1a76ce35221..ec1b7abbf37e 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/rangefeed/catchup_scan_bench_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/rangefeed/catchup_scan_bench_test.go
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ func setupData(
 		value := roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes(randutil.RandBytes(rng, opts.valueBytes))
 		value.InitChecksum(key)
 		ts := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64((pos + 1) * 5)}
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil /* ms */, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, batch, key, ts, value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			b.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/rangefeed/catchup_scan_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/rangefeed/catchup_scan_test.go
index 0048f7cdff14..624767be2769 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/rangefeed/catchup_scan_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/rangefeed/catchup_scan_test.go
@@ -103,12 +103,12 @@ func TestCatchupScan(t *testing.T) {
 	// Put with no intent.
 	for _, kv := range []storage.MVCCKeyValue{kv1_1_1, kv1_2_2, kv1_3_3, kv2_1_1, kv2_2_2, kv2_5_3} {
 		v := roachpb.Value{RawBytes: kv.Value}
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, v, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
 	// Put with an intent.
-	if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, kv1_4_4.Key.Key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, &txn); err != nil {
+	if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, kv1_4_4.Key.Key, txn.ReadTimestamp, val, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	testutils.RunTrueAndFalse(t, "withDiff", func(t *testing.T, withDiff bool) {
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ func TestCatchupScanInlineError(t *testing.T) {
 	defer eng.Close()
 
 	// Write an inline value.
-	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, roachpb.Key("inline"), hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("foo"), nil))
+	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, roachpb.Key("inline"), hlc.Timestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("foo"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 
 	// Run a catchup scan across the span and watch it error.
 	span := roachpb.Span{Key: keys.LocalMax, EndKey: keys.MaxKey}
@@ -184,15 +184,15 @@ func TestCatchupScanSeesOldIntent(t *testing.T) {
 	tsIntent := tsCutoff.Add(-10, 0)          // the intent is below the lower bound
 	tsVersionInWindow := tsCutoff.Add(10, 0)  // an unrelated version is above the lower bound
 
-	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, roachpb.Key("b"),
-		tsVersionInWindow, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("foo"), nil))
+	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, roachpb.Key("b"),
+		tsVersionInWindow, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("foo"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 
 	txn := roachpb.MakeTransaction("foo", roachpb.Key("d"), isolation.Serializable, roachpb.NormalUserPriority, tsIntent, 100, 0)
-	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, roachpb.Key("d"),
-		tsIntent, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("intent"), &txn))
+	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, roachpb.Key("d"),
+		tsIntent, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("intent"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}))
 
-	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, roachpb.Key("e"),
-		tsVersionInWindow, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("bar"), nil))
+	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, roachpb.Key("e"),
+		tsVersionInWindow, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("bar"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 
 	// Run a catchup scan across the span and watch it succeed.
 	span := roachpb.Span{Key: keys.LocalMax, EndKey: keys.MaxKey}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/rangefeed/task_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/rangefeed/task_test.go
index ecc948979c4f..32e7b3adec1c 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/rangefeed/task_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/rangefeed/task_test.go
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ func TestInitResolvedTSScan(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 		for _, op := range testData {
 			kv := op.kv
-			err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.Value{RawBytes: kv.Value}, op.txn)
+			err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, engine, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, roachpb.Value{RawBytes: kv.Value}, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: op.txn})
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 		}
 		return engine
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/rditer/replica_data_iter_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/rditer/replica_data_iter_test.go
index f163fcea5c09..d533b8ea564e 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/rditer/replica_data_iter_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/rditer/replica_data_iter_test.go
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ func createRangeData(
 	})
 
 	for _, pk := range ps {
-		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, pk.Key, pk.Timestamp, localTS, value, nil))
+		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, pk.Key, pk.Timestamp, value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{LocalTimestamp: localTS}))
 	}
 	for _, rk := range rs {
 		require.NoError(t, eng.PutMVCCRangeKey(rk, storage.MVCCValue{}))
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/readsummary/persist.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/readsummary/persist.go
index bde7509f6e33..e1f9dcd115c5 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/readsummary/persist.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/readsummary/persist.go
@@ -44,5 +44,5 @@ func Set(
 	sum *rspb.ReadSummary,
 ) error {
 	key := keys.RangePriorReadSummaryKey(rangeID)
-	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, ms, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, sum)
+	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, sum, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms})
 }
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica.go
index d4b48bf890ee..ceb7e5033fb5 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica.go
@@ -1436,7 +1436,7 @@ func (r *Replica) GetLastReplicaGCTimestamp(ctx context.Context) (hlc.Timestamp,
 func (r *Replica) setLastReplicaGCTimestamp(ctx context.Context, timestamp hlc.Timestamp) error {
 	key := keys.RangeLastReplicaGCTimestampKey(r.RangeID)
 	return storage.MVCCPutProto(
-		ctx, r.store.TODOEngine(), nil, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &timestamp)
+		ctx, r.store.TODOEngine(), key, hlc.Timestamp{}, &timestamp, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 }
 
 // getQueueLastProcessed returns the last processed timestamp for the
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_consistency_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_consistency_test.go
index d5be211ce6f7..7857c1a30d4c 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_consistency_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_consistency_test.go
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ func TestReplicaChecksumSHA512(t *testing.T) {
 			require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCDeleteRangeUsingTombstone(
 				ctx, eng, nil, key, endKey, ts, localTS, nil, nil, false, 0, nil))
 		} else {
-			require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, key, ts, localTS, value, nil))
+			require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key, ts, value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{LocalTimestamp: localTS}))
 		}
 
 		rd, err = CalcReplicaDigest(ctx, desc, eng, kvpb.ChecksumMode_CHECK_FULL, unlim)
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_evaluate_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_evaluate_test.go
index d75de6663b09..432ea9d4157e 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_evaluate_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_evaluate_test.go
@@ -734,8 +734,8 @@ func writeABCDEFIntents(t *testing.T, d *data, txn *roachpb.Transaction) {
 func writeABCDEFWith(t *testing.T, eng storage.Engine, ts hlc.Timestamp, txn *roachpb.Transaction) {
 	for _, k := range []string{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f"} {
 		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(
-			context.Background(), eng, nil /* ms */, roachpb.Key(k), ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{},
-			roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value-"+k), txn))
+			context.Background(), eng, roachpb.Key(k), ts,
+			roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value-"+k), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}))
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go
index 82d43d97d8dc..5c6b2ac688cd 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go
@@ -2586,12 +2586,10 @@ func handleTruncatedStateBelowRaftPreApply(
 	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
 		ctx,
 		readWriter,
-		nil, /* ms */
 		prefixBuf.RaftTruncatedStateKey(),
 		hlc.Timestamp{},
-		hlc.ClockTimestamp{},
-		nil, /* txn */
 		suggestedTruncatedState,
+		storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 	); err != nil {
 		return false, errors.Wrap(err, "unable to write RaftTruncatedState")
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_test.go
index 2a9a7aa6d653..b70bfea4729e 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_test.go
@@ -1786,8 +1786,8 @@ func TestOptimizePuts(t *testing.T) {
 			require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCDeleteRangeUsingTombstone(ctx, tc.engine, nil,
 				c.exKey, c.exEndKey, hlc.MinTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, nil, false, 0, nil))
 		} else if c.exKey != nil {
-			require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, tc.engine, nil, c.exKey,
-				hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("foo"), nil))
+			require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPut(ctx, tc.engine, c.exKey,
+				hlc.Timestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("foo"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 		}
 		batch := kvpb.BatchRequest{}
 		for _, r := range c.reqs {
@@ -3492,7 +3492,7 @@ func TestReplicaAbortSpanReadError(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Overwrite Abort span entry with garbage for the last op.
 	key := keys.AbortSpanKey(tc.repl.RangeID, txn.ID)
-	err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, tc.engine, nil, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("never read in this test"), nil)
+	err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, tc.engine, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("never read in this test"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -4571,7 +4571,7 @@ func TestEndTxnWithErrors(t *testing.T) {
 			existTxnRecord := existTxn.AsRecord()
 			txnKey := keys.TransactionKey(test.key, txn.ID)
 			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
-				ctx, tc.repl.store.TODOEngine(), nil, txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &existTxnRecord,
+				ctx, tc.repl.store.TODOEngine(), txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, &existTxnRecord, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 			); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -4614,7 +4614,7 @@ func TestEndTxnWithErrorAndSyncIntentResolution(t *testing.T) {
 	existTxn.Status = roachpb.ABORTED
 	existTxnRec := existTxn.AsRecord()
 	txnKey := keys.TransactionKey(txn.Key, txn.ID)
-	err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, tc.repl.store.TODOEngine(), nil, txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &existTxnRec)
+	err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, tc.repl.store.TODOEngine(), txnKey, hlc.Timestamp{}, &existTxnRec, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// End the transaction, verify expected error, shouldn't deadlock.
@@ -10985,7 +10985,7 @@ func TestReplicaPushed1PC(t *testing.T) {
 	// Write a value outside the transaction.
 	tc.manualClock.Advance(10)
 	ts2 := tc.Clock().Now()
-	if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, tc.engine, nil, k, ts2, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("one"), nil); err != nil {
+	if err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, tc.engine, k, ts2, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("one"), storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("writing interfering value: %+v", err)
 	}
 
@@ -13491,10 +13491,10 @@ func setMockPutWithEstimates(containsEstimatesDelta int64) (undo func()) {
 		ctx context.Context, readWriter storage.ReadWriter, cArgs batcheval.CommandArgs, _ kvpb.Response,
 	) (result.Result, error) {
 		args := cArgs.Args.(*kvpb.PutRequest)
-		ms := cArgs.Stats
-		ms.ContainsEstimates += containsEstimatesDelta
+		opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: cArgs.Header.Txn, Stats: cArgs.Stats}
+		opts.Stats.ContainsEstimates += containsEstimatesDelta
 		ts := cArgs.Header.Timestamp
-		return result.Result{}, storage.MVCCBlindPut(ctx, readWriter, ms, args.Key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, args.Value, cArgs.Header.Txn)
+		return result.Result{}, storage.MVCCBlindPut(ctx, readWriter, args.Key, ts, args.Value, opts)
 	}
 
 	batcheval.UnregisterCommand(kvpb.Put)
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/stateloader/stateloader.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/stateloader/stateloader.go
index ac6856cb27d6..5f0befffb15b 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/stateloader/stateloader.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/stateloader/stateloader.go
@@ -166,8 +166,8 @@ func (rsl StateLoader) LoadLease(
 func (rsl StateLoader) SetLease(
 	ctx context.Context, readWriter storage.ReadWriter, ms *enginepb.MVCCStats, lease roachpb.Lease,
 ) error {
-	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, ms, rsl.RangeLeaseKey(),
-		hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &lease)
+	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, rsl.RangeLeaseKey(),
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, &lease, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms})
 }
 
 // SetLeaseBlind persists a lease using a blind write, updating the MVCC stats
@@ -253,8 +253,8 @@ func (rsl StateLoader) SetRangeAppliedState(
 	// The RangeAppliedStateKey is not included in stats. This is also reflected
 	// in ComputeStats.
 	ms := (*enginepb.MVCCStats)(nil)
-	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, ms, rsl.RangeAppliedStateKey(),
-		hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, as)
+	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, rsl.RangeAppliedStateKey(),
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, as, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms})
 }
 
 // SetMVCCStats overwrites the MVCC stats. This needs to perform a read on the
@@ -307,8 +307,8 @@ func (rsl StateLoader) SetGCThreshold(
 	if threshold == nil {
 		return errors.New("cannot persist nil GCThreshold")
 	}
-	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, ms, rsl.RangeGCThresholdKey(),
-		hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, threshold)
+	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, rsl.RangeGCThresholdKey(),
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, threshold, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms})
 }
 
 // LoadGCHint loads GC hint.
@@ -331,8 +331,8 @@ func (rsl StateLoader) SetGCHint(
 	if hint == nil {
 		return false, errors.New("cannot persist nil GCHint")
 	}
-	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, ms, rsl.RangeGCHintKey(),
-		hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, hint); err != nil {
+	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, rsl.RangeGCHintKey(),
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, hint, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms}); err != nil {
 		return false, err
 	}
 	return true, nil
@@ -355,8 +355,8 @@ func (rsl StateLoader) SetVersion(
 	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	version *roachpb.Version,
 ) error {
-	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, ms, rsl.RangeVersionKey(),
-		hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, version)
+	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, readWriter, rsl.RangeVersionKey(),
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, version, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms})
 }
 
 // UninitializedReplicaState returns the ReplicaState of an uninitialized
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/store.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/store.go
index 15ba1e15d058..faa42cafc4ac 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/store.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/store.go
@@ -2546,12 +2546,10 @@ func (s *Store) WriteLastUpTimestamp(ctx context.Context, time hlc.Timestamp) er
 	return storage.MVCCPutProto(
 		ctx,
 		s.TODOEngine(), // TODO(sep-raft-log): probably state engine
-		nil,
 		keys.StoreLastUpKey(),
 		hlc.Timestamp{},
-		hlc.ClockTimestamp{},
-		nil,
 		&time,
+		storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 	)
 }
 
@@ -2582,12 +2580,10 @@ func (s *Store) WriteHLCUpperBound(ctx context.Context, time int64) error {
 	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
 		ctx,
 		batch,
-		nil,
 		keys.StoreHLCUpperBoundKey(),
 		hlc.Timestamp{},
-		hlc.ClockTimestamp{},
-		nil,
 		&ts,
+		storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 	); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_init.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_init.go
index bed46a0ba29b..e73f6f579e6d 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_init.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_init.go
@@ -168,24 +168,24 @@ func WriteInitialClusterData(
 
 		// Range descriptor.
 		if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
-			ctx, batch, nil /* ms */, keys.RangeDescriptorKey(desc.StartKey),
-			now, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil /* txn */, desc,
+			ctx, batch, keys.RangeDescriptorKey(desc.StartKey),
+			now, desc, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 		); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
 		// Replica GC timestamp.
 		if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
-			ctx, batch, nil /* ms */, keys.RangeLastReplicaGCTimestampKey(desc.RangeID),
-			hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil /* txn */, &now,
+			ctx, batch, keys.RangeLastReplicaGCTimestampKey(desc.RangeID),
+			hlc.Timestamp{}, &now, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 		); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		// Range addressing for meta2.
 		meta2Key := keys.RangeMetaKey(endKey)
 		if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
-			ctx, batch, firstRangeMS, meta2Key.AsRawKey(),
-			now, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil /* txn */, desc,
+			ctx, batch, meta2Key.AsRawKey(),
+			now, desc, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: firstRangeMS},
 		); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ func WriteInitialClusterData(
 			// Range addressing for meta1.
 			meta1Key := keys.RangeMetaKey(keys.RangeMetaKey(roachpb.RKeyMax))
 			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
-				ctx, batch, nil /* ms */, meta1Key.AsRawKey(), now, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil /* txn */, desc,
+				ctx, batch, meta1Key.AsRawKey(), now, desc, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 			); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ func WriteInitialClusterData(
 			// Initialize the checksums.
 			kv.Value.InitChecksum(kv.Key)
 			if err := storage.MVCCPut(
-				ctx, batch, nil /* ms */, kv.Key, now, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, kv.Value, nil, /* txn */
+				ctx, batch, kv.Key, now, kv.Value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 			); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_snapshot.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_snapshot.go
index 3c52af6b4b51..0dc36e5a34ce 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_snapshot.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_snapshot.go
@@ -1381,7 +1381,7 @@ func SendEmptySnapshot(
 	var ms enginepb.MVCCStats
 	// Seed an empty range into the new engine.
 	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
-		ctx, eng, &ms, keys.RangeDescriptorKey(desc.StartKey), now, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil /* txn */, &desc,
+		ctx, eng, keys.RangeDescriptorKey(desc.StartKey), now, &desc, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: &ms},
 	); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_test.go
index 0810d6c385ee..ef582ce57fb8 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_test.go
@@ -381,12 +381,10 @@ func TestIterateIDPrefixKeys(t *testing.T) {
 			if err := storage.MVCCPut(
 				ctx,
 				eng,
-				nil, /* ms */
 				key,
 				hlc.Timestamp{},
-				hlc.ClockTimestamp{},
 				roachpb.MakeValueFromString("fake value for "+key.String()),
-				nil, /* txn */
+				storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 			); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -418,7 +416,7 @@ func TestIterateIDPrefixKeys(t *testing.T) {
 
 			t.Logf("writing tombstone at rangeID=%d", rangeID)
 			if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
-				ctx, eng, nil /* ms */, keys.RangeTombstoneKey(rangeID), hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil /* txn */, &tombstone,
+				ctx, eng, keys.RangeTombstoneKey(rangeID), hlc.Timestamp{}, &tombstone, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 			); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/stores.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/stores.go
index 064e792264b2..5109ea28bab4 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/stores.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/stores.go
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ func (ls *Stores) updateBootstrapInfoLocked(bi *gossip.BootstrapInfo) error {
 	ls.storeMap.Range(func(k int64, v unsafe.Pointer) bool {
 		s := (*Store)(v)
 		// TODO(sep-raft-log): see ReadBootstrapInfo.
-		err = storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, s.TODOEngine(), nil, keys.StoreGossipKey(), hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, bi)
+		err = storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, s.TODOEngine(), keys.StoreGossipKey(), hlc.Timestamp{}, bi, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 		return err == nil
 	})
 	return err
diff --git a/pkg/kv/kvserver/txn_wait_queue_test.go b/pkg/kv/kvserver/txn_wait_queue_test.go
index 32e00bdb5000..b803ac02a440 100644
--- a/pkg/kv/kvserver/txn_wait_queue_test.go
+++ b/pkg/kv/kvserver/txn_wait_queue_test.go
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-func writeTxnRecord(ctx context.Context, tc *testContext, txn *roachpb.Transaction) error {
-	key := keys.TransactionKey(txn.Key, txn.ID)
-	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, tc.store.TODOEngine(), nil, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, txn)
+func writeTxnRecord(ctx context.Context, tc *testContext, txnRecord *roachpb.Transaction) error {
+	key := keys.TransactionKey(txnRecord.Key, txnRecord.ID)
+	return storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, tc.store.TODOEngine(), key, hlc.Timestamp{}, txnRecord, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{})
 }
 
 // createTxnForPushQueue creates a txn struct and writes a "fake"
diff --git a/pkg/server/node_test.go b/pkg/server/node_test.go
index 4ea8481bb159..85c7c6ff0557 100644
--- a/pkg/server/node_test.go
+++ b/pkg/server/node_test.go
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ func TestCorruptedClusterID(t *testing.T) {
 		StoreID:   1,
 	}
 	if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
-		ctx, e, nil /* ms */, keys.StoreIdentKey(), hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil /* txn */, &sIdent,
+		ctx, e, keys.StoreIdentKey(), hlc.Timestamp{}, &sIdent, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 	); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -938,8 +938,8 @@ func TestDiskStatsMap(t *testing.T) {
 	engineIDs := []roachpb.StoreID{10, 5}
 	for i := range engines {
 		ident := roachpb.StoreIdent{StoreID: engineIDs[i]}
-		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCBlindPutProto(ctx, engines[i], nil, keys.StoreIdentKey(),
-			hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, &ident, nil))
+		require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCBlindPutProto(ctx, engines[i], keys.StoreIdentKey(),
+			hlc.Timestamp{}, &ident, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 	}
 	var dsm diskStatsMap
 	clusterProvisionedBW := int64(150)
diff --git a/pkg/server/node_tombstone_storage.go b/pkg/server/node_tombstone_storage.go
index 312a97c44a40..9d7a576ef247 100644
--- a/pkg/server/node_tombstone_storage.go
+++ b/pkg/server/node_tombstone_storage.go
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ func (s *nodeTombstoneStorage) SetDecommissioned(
 		}
 
 		if err := storage.MVCCPut(
-			ctx, eng, nil /* ms */, k, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil, /* txn */
+			ctx, eng, k, hlc.Timestamp{}, v, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 		); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/server/server_test.go b/pkg/server/server_test.go
index 4114dc68205c..dac3c9a2dbae 100644
--- a/pkg/server/server_test.go
+++ b/pkg/server/server_test.go
@@ -484,9 +484,8 @@ func TestClusterIDMismatch(t *testing.T) {
 			StoreID:   roachpb.StoreID(i + 1),
 		}
 		if err := storage.MVCCPutProto(
-			context.Background(), e, nil, keys.StoreIdentKey(), hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &sIdent,
+			context.Background(), e, keys.StoreIdentKey(), hlc.Timestamp{}, &sIdent, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 		); err != nil {
-
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		engines[i] = e
@@ -1088,8 +1087,8 @@ func TestAssertEnginesEmpty(t *testing.T) {
 
 	require.NoError(t, assertEnginesEmpty([]storage.Engine{eng}))
 
-	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, eng, nil, keys.DeprecatedStoreClusterVersionKey(),
-		hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, &roachpb.Version{Major: 21, Minor: 1, Internal: 122}))
+	require.NoError(t, storage.MVCCPutProto(ctx, eng, keys.DeprecatedStoreClusterVersionKey(),
+		hlc.Timestamp{}, &roachpb.Version{Major: 21, Minor: 1, Internal: 122}, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 	require.NoError(t, assertEnginesEmpty([]storage.Engine{eng}))
 
 	batch := eng.NewBatch()
diff --git a/pkg/server/settings_cache.go b/pkg/server/settings_cache.go
index 0067a1a06bd8..2e73ada82704 100644
--- a/pkg/server/settings_cache.go
+++ b/pkg/server/settings_cache.go
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func storeCachedSettingsKVs(ctx context.Context, eng storage.Engine, kvs []roach
 	for _, kv := range kvs {
 		kv.Value.Timestamp = hlc.Timestamp{} // nb: Timestamp is not part of checksum
 		if err := storage.MVCCPut(
-			ctx, batch, nil, keys.StoreCachedSettingsKey(kv.Key), hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, kv.Value, nil,
+			ctx, batch, keys.StoreCachedSettingsKey(kv.Key), hlc.Timestamp{}, kv.Value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{},
 		); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/storage/bench_data_test.go b/pkg/storage/bench_data_test.go
index 5f8f21949e90..61522d5cda1e 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/bench_data_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/bench_data_test.go
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ func (d mvccBenchData) Build(ctx context.Context, b *testing.B, eng Engine) erro
 			txn.ReadTimestamp = ts
 			txn.WriteTimestamp = ts
 		}
-		require.NoError(b, MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, txn))
+		require.NoError(b, MVCCPut(ctx, batch, key, ts, value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}))
 	}
 
 	resolveLastIntent := func(batch Batch, idx int) {
diff --git a/pkg/storage/bench_pebble_test.go b/pkg/storage/bench_pebble_test.go
index d0f7fbbdca4c..c5efbd19d972 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/bench_pebble_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/bench_pebble_test.go
@@ -361,10 +361,10 @@ func BenchmarkMVCCPutDelete_Pebble(b *testing.B) {
 		key := encoding.EncodeVarintAscending(nil, blockID)
 		key = encoding.EncodeVarintAscending(key, blockNum)
 
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, db, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, value, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			b.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, db, nil, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+		if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, db, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			b.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/storage/bench_test.go b/pkg/storage/bench_test.go
index 03104108d3e9..050567efd66c 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/bench_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/bench_test.go
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ func setupKeysWithIntent(
 				putTxn = &otherTxn
 			}
 			key := makeKey(nil, j)
-			require.NoError(b, MVCCPut(context.Background(), batch, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, putTxn))
+			require.NoError(b, MVCCPut(context.Background(), batch, key, ts, value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: putTxn}))
 		}
 		require.NoError(b, batch.Commit(true))
 		batch.Close()
@@ -714,7 +714,7 @@ func loadTestData(dir string, numKeys, numBatches, batchTimeSpan, valueBytes int
 		timestamp := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: minWallTime + rand.Int63n(int64(batchTimeSpan))}
 		value := roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes(randutil.RandBytes(rng, valueBytes))
 		value.InitChecksum(key)
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, key, timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, batch, key, timestamp, value, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
@@ -889,7 +889,7 @@ func runMVCCPut(
 		for j := 0; j < versions; j++ {
 			key := roachpb.Key(encoding.EncodeUvarintAscending(keyBuf[:4], uint64(i)))
 			ts := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: timeutil.Now().UnixNano()}
-			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, rw, key, ts, value, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				b.Fatalf("failed put: %+v", err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -912,7 +912,7 @@ func runMVCCBlindPut(ctx context.Context, b *testing.B, emk engineMaker, valueSi
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 		key := roachpb.Key(encoding.EncodeUvarintAscending(keyBuf[:4], uint64(i)))
 		ts := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: timeutil.Now().UnixNano()}
-		if err := MVCCBlindPut(ctx, eng, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCBlindPut(ctx, eng, key, ts, value, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			b.Fatalf("failed put: %+v", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -936,7 +936,7 @@ func runMVCCConditionalPut(
 		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 			key := roachpb.Key(encoding.EncodeUvarintAscending(keyBuf[:4], uint64(i)))
 			ts := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: timeutil.Now().UnixNano()}
-			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key, ts, value, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				b.Fatalf("failed put: %+v", err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -948,7 +948,7 @@ func runMVCCConditionalPut(
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 		key := roachpb.Key(encoding.EncodeUvarintAscending(keyBuf[:4], uint64(i)))
 		ts := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: timeutil.Now().UnixNano()}
-		if err := MVCCConditionalPut(ctx, eng, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, expected, CPutFailIfMissing, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCConditionalPut(ctx, eng, key, ts, value, expected, CPutFailIfMissing, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			b.Fatalf("failed put: %+v", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -971,7 +971,7 @@ func runMVCCBlindConditionalPut(ctx context.Context, b *testing.B, emk engineMak
 		key := roachpb.Key(encoding.EncodeUvarintAscending(keyBuf[:4], uint64(i)))
 		ts := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: timeutil.Now().UnixNano()}
 		if err := MVCCBlindConditionalPut(
-			ctx, eng, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil, CPutFailIfMissing, nil,
+			ctx, eng, key, ts, value, nil, CPutFailIfMissing, MVCCWriteOptions{},
 		); err != nil {
 			b.Fatalf("failed put: %+v", err)
 		}
@@ -994,7 +994,7 @@ func runMVCCInitPut(ctx context.Context, b *testing.B, emk engineMaker, valueSiz
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 		key := roachpb.Key(encoding.EncodeUvarintAscending(keyBuf[:4], uint64(i)))
 		ts := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: timeutil.Now().UnixNano()}
-		if err := MVCCInitPut(ctx, eng, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, false, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCInitPut(ctx, eng, key, ts, value, false, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			b.Fatalf("failed put: %+v", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -1016,7 +1016,7 @@ func runMVCCBlindInitPut(ctx context.Context, b *testing.B, emk engineMaker, val
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 		key := roachpb.Key(encoding.EncodeUvarintAscending(keyBuf[:4], uint64(i)))
 		ts := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: timeutil.Now().UnixNano()}
-		if err := MVCCBlindInitPut(ctx, eng, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, false, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCBlindInitPut(ctx, eng, key, ts, value, false, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			b.Fatalf("failed put: %+v", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@ func runMVCCBatchPut(ctx context.Context, b *testing.B, emk engineMaker, valueSi
 		for j := i; j < end; j++ {
 			key := roachpb.Key(encoding.EncodeUvarintAscending(keyBuf[:4], uint64(j)))
 			ts := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: timeutil.Now().UnixNano()}
-			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, batch, key, ts, value, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				b.Fatalf("failed put: %+v", err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -1179,13 +1179,13 @@ func runMVCCDeleteRange(ctx context.Context, b *testing.B, valueBytes int) {
 			if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(
 				ctx,
 				eng,
-				&enginepb.MVCCStats{},
 				keys.LocalMax,
 				roachpb.KeyMax,
 				math.MaxInt64,
 				hlc.MaxTimestamp,
-				hlc.ClockTimestamp{},
-				nil,
+				MVCCWriteOptions{
+					Stats: &enginepb.MVCCStats{},
+				},
 				false,
 			); err != nil {
 				b.Fatal(err)
@@ -1432,8 +1432,7 @@ func runMVCCGarbageCollect(
 				break
 			}
 			for _, key := range pointKeys {
-				if err := MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, key, pts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val,
-					nil); err != nil {
+				if err := MVCCPut(ctx, batch, key, pts, val, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 					b.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			}
@@ -1493,7 +1492,7 @@ func runBatchApplyBatchRepr(
 		for i := 0; i < batchSize; i++ {
 			key := roachpb.Key(encoding.EncodeUvarintAscending(keyBuf[:4], uint64(order[i])))
 			ts := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: timeutil.Now().UnixNano()}
-			if err := MVCCBlindPut(ctx, batch, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := MVCCBlindPut(ctx, batch, key, ts, value, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				b.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -1902,7 +1901,7 @@ func BenchmarkMVCCScannerWithIntentsAndVersions(b *testing.B) {
 		// Put the keys for this iteration.
 		for j := 0; j < numKeys; j++ {
 			key := makeKey(nil, j)
-			require.NoError(b, MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, &txn))
+			require.NoError(b, MVCCPut(ctx, batch, key, ts, value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}))
 		}
 		numPrevKeys = numKeys
 		// Read the keys from the Batch and write them to a sstable to ingest.
diff --git a/pkg/storage/engine_test.go b/pkg/storage/engine_test.go
index 2d38125772d8..3dd429e1f73b 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/engine_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/engine_test.go
@@ -177,13 +177,13 @@ func TestEngineBatchStaleCachedIterator(t *testing.T) {
 
 		// Put a value so that the deletion below finds a value to seek
 		// to.
-		if err := MVCCPut(context.Background(), batch, nil, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("x"), nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(context.Background(), batch, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("x"), MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
 		// Seek the iterator to `key` and clear the value (but without
 		// telling the iterator about that).
-		if _, err := MVCCDelete(context.Background(), batch, nil, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+		if _, err := MVCCDelete(context.Background(), batch, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
@@ -1473,7 +1473,7 @@ func TestGetIntent(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, keyName := range []string{"a", "aa"} {
 		key := roachpb.Key(keyName)
-		err := MVCCPut(ctx, reader, nil, key, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.Value{RawBytes: key}, txn1)
+		err := MVCCPut(ctx, reader, key, txn1.ReadTimestamp, roachpb.Value{RawBytes: key}, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 
@@ -1482,7 +1482,7 @@ func TestGetIntent(t *testing.T) {
 	txn2 := &roachpb.Transaction{TxnMeta: enginepb.TxnMeta{Key: roachpb.Key("a"), ID: txn2ID, Epoch: 2, WriteTimestamp: txn2TS, MinTimestamp: txn2TS, CoordinatorNodeID: 2}, ReadTimestamp: txn2TS}
 
 	key := roachpb.Key("b")
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, reader, nil, key, txn2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.Value{RawBytes: key}, txn2)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, reader, key, txn2.ReadTimestamp, roachpb.Value{RawBytes: key}, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn2})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	tests := []struct {
@@ -1557,7 +1557,7 @@ func TestScanIntents(t *testing.T) {
 	defer eng.Close()
 
 	for _, key := range keys {
-		err := MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, key, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.Value{RawBytes: key}, txn1)
+		err := MVCCPut(ctx, eng, key, txn1.ReadTimestamp, roachpb.Value{RawBytes: key}, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 
@@ -1604,22 +1604,21 @@ func TestEngineClearRange(t *testing.T) {
 	//
 	// However, certain clearers cannot clear intents, range keys, or point keys.
 	writeInitialData := func(t *testing.T, rw ReadWriter) {
-		var localTS hlc.ClockTimestamp
 		txn := roachpb.MakeTransaction("test", nil, isolation.Serializable, roachpb.NormalUserPriority, wallTS(6), 1, 1)
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("c"), wallTS(1), localTS, stringValue("c1").Value, nil))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("c"), wallTS(1), stringValue("c1").Value, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 		require.NoError(t, rw.PutMVCCRangeKey(rangeKey("d", "h", 1), MVCCValue{}))
 		require.NoError(t, rw.PutMVCCRangeKey(rangeKey("a", "f", 2), MVCCValue{}))
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("g"), wallTS(2), localTS, stringValue("g2").Value, nil))
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("e"), wallTS(3), localTS, stringValue("e3").Value, nil))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("g"), wallTS(2), stringValue("g2").Value, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("e"), wallTS(3), stringValue("e3").Value, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 		require.NoError(t, rw.PutMVCCRangeKey(rangeKey("a", "f", 4), MVCCValue{}))
 		require.NoError(t, rw.PutMVCCRangeKey(rangeKey("g", "h", 4), MVCCValue{}))
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("a"), wallTS(5), localTS, stringValue("a2").Value, nil))
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("b"), wallTS(5), localTS, stringValue("b2").Value, nil))
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("c"), wallTS(5), localTS, stringValue("c2").Value, nil))
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("a"), wallTS(6), localTS, stringValue("a6").Value, &txn))
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("b"), wallTS(6), localTS, stringValue("b6").Value, &txn))
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("e"), wallTS(6), localTS, stringValue("e6").Value, &txn))
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, roachpb.Key("g"), wallTS(6), localTS, stringValue("g6").Value, &txn))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("a"), wallTS(5), stringValue("a2").Value, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("b"), wallTS(5), stringValue("b2").Value, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("c"), wallTS(5), stringValue("c2").Value, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("a"), wallTS(6), stringValue("a6").Value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("b"), wallTS(6), stringValue("b6").Value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("e"), wallTS(6), stringValue("e6").Value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, roachpb.Key("g"), wallTS(6), stringValue("g6").Value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}))
 	}
 	start, end := roachpb.Key("b"), roachpb.Key("g")
 
@@ -2082,7 +2081,7 @@ func TestScanConflictingIntentsForDroppingLatchesEarly(t *testing.T) {
 			setup: func(t *testing.T, rw ReadWriter, txn *roachpb.Transaction) {
 				conflictingTxn := newTxn(belowTxnTS) // test txn should see this intent
 				err := MVCCPut(
-					ctx, rw, nil, keyA, conflictingTxn.WriteTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, conflictingTxn,
+					ctx, rw, keyA, conflictingTxn.WriteTimestamp, val, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: conflictingTxn},
 				)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
@@ -2096,7 +2095,7 @@ func TestScanConflictingIntentsForDroppingLatchesEarly(t *testing.T) {
 			setup: func(t *testing.T, rw ReadWriter, txn *roachpb.Transaction) {
 				conflictingTxn := newTxn(aboveTxnTS) // test txn shouldn't see this intent
 				err := MVCCPut(
-					ctx, rw, nil, keyA, conflictingTxn.WriteTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, conflictingTxn,
+					ctx, rw, keyA, conflictingTxn.WriteTimestamp, val, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: conflictingTxn},
 				)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
@@ -2108,7 +2107,7 @@ func TestScanConflictingIntentsForDroppingLatchesEarly(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "bounds do not include (latest) own write",
 			setup: func(t *testing.T, rw ReadWriter, txn *roachpb.Transaction) {
-				err := MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, keyA, txn.WriteTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, txn)
+				err := MVCCPut(ctx, rw, keyA, txn.WriteTimestamp, val, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn})
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			start:                 keyB,
@@ -2339,7 +2338,7 @@ func TestScanConflictingIntentsForDroppingLatchesEarlyReadYourOwnWrites(t *testi
 			txn.Sequence = tc.intentSequenceNumber
 			txn.ReadTimestamp = tc.intentTS
 			txn.WriteTimestamp = tc.intentTS
-			err := MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, keyA, txn.WriteTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, txn)
+			err := MVCCPut(ctx, eng, keyA, txn.WriteTimestamp, val, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn})
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
 			// Set up the read.
diff --git a/pkg/storage/metamorphic/operations.go b/pkg/storage/metamorphic/operations.go
index 46ef730e0ce6..9b6e83f1291b 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/metamorphic/operations.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/metamorphic/operations.go
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ func (m mvccPutOp) run(ctx context.Context) string {
 	txn.Sequence++
 	writer := m.m.getReadWriter(m.writer)
 
-	err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, writer, nil, m.key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, m.value, txn)
+	err := storage.MVCCPut(ctx, writer, m.key, txn.ReadTimestamp, m.value, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn})
 	if err != nil {
 		if writeTooOldErr := (*kvpb.WriteTooOldError)(nil); errors.As(err, &writeTooOldErr) {
 			txn.WriteTimestamp.Forward(writeTooOldErr.ActualTimestamp)
@@ -236,8 +236,8 @@ func (m mvccCPutOp) run(ctx context.Context) string {
 	writer := m.m.getReadWriter(m.writer)
 	txn.Sequence++
 
-	err := storage.MVCCConditionalPut(ctx, writer, nil, m.key,
-		txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, m.value, m.expVal, true, txn)
+	err := storage.MVCCConditionalPut(ctx, writer, m.key,
+		txn.ReadTimestamp, m.value, m.expVal, true, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn})
 	if err != nil {
 		if writeTooOldErr := (*kvpb.WriteTooOldError)(nil); errors.As(err, &writeTooOldErr) {
 			txn.WriteTimestamp.Forward(writeTooOldErr.ActualTimestamp)
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ func (m mvccInitPutOp) run(ctx context.Context) string {
 	writer := m.m.getReadWriter(m.writer)
 	txn.Sequence++
 
-	err := storage.MVCCInitPut(ctx, writer, nil, m.key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, m.value, false, txn)
+	err := storage.MVCCInitPut(ctx, writer, m.key, txn.ReadTimestamp, m.value, false, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn})
 	if err != nil {
 		if writeTooOldErr := (*kvpb.WriteTooOldError)(nil); errors.As(err, &writeTooOldErr) {
 			txn.WriteTimestamp.Forward(writeTooOldErr.ActualTimestamp)
@@ -298,8 +298,8 @@ func (m mvccDeleteRangeOp) run(ctx context.Context) string {
 
 	txn.Sequence++
 
-	keys, _, _, err := storage.MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, writer, nil, m.key, m.endKey,
-		0, txn.WriteTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn, true)
+	keys, _, _, err := storage.MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, writer, m.key, m.endKey,
+		0, txn.WriteTimestamp, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}, true)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Sprintf("error: %s", err)
 	}
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ func (m mvccDeleteOp) run(ctx context.Context) string {
 	writer := m.m.getReadWriter(m.writer)
 	txn.Sequence++
 
-	_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, writer, nil, m.key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn)
+	_, err := storage.MVCCDelete(ctx, writer, m.key, txn.ReadTimestamp, storage.MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn})
 	if err != nil {
 		if writeTooOldErr := (*kvpb.WriteTooOldError)(nil); errors.As(err, &writeTooOldErr) {
 			txn.WriteTimestamp.Forward(writeTooOldErr.ActualTimestamp)
diff --git a/pkg/storage/mvcc.go b/pkg/storage/mvcc.go
index ea92fb503f0b..bc5387c31fe6 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/mvcc.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/mvcc.go
@@ -832,19 +832,17 @@ func MVCCGetProto(
 func MVCCPutProto(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	rw ReadWriter,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
 	msg protoutil.Message,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) error {
 	value := roachpb.Value{}
 	if err := value.SetProto(msg); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	value.InitChecksum(key)
-	return MVCCPut(ctx, rw, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, value, txn)
+	return MVCCPut(ctx, rw, key, timestamp, value, opts)
 }
 
 // MVCCBlindPutProto sets the given key to the protobuf-serialized byte string
@@ -853,19 +851,17 @@ func MVCCPutProto(
 func MVCCBlindPutProto(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	writer Writer,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
 	msg protoutil.Message,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) error {
 	value := roachpb.Value{}
 	if err := value.SetProto(msg); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	value.InitChecksum(key)
-	return MVCCBlindPut(ctx, writer, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, value, txn)
+	return MVCCBlindPut(ctx, writer, key, timestamp, value, opts)
 }
 
 // MVCCBlindPutInlineWithPrev updates an inline value using a blind put when the
@@ -912,7 +908,7 @@ func MVCCBlindPutInlineWithPrev(
 	}
 	// TODO(jackson): Thread origMetaValSize through so that a resulting
 	// ClearUnversioned sets ClearOptions.ValueSize[Known].
-	return MVCCBlindPut(ctx, rw, ms, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil)
+	return MVCCBlindPut(ctx, rw, key, hlc.Timestamp{}, value, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms})
 }
 
 // LockTableView is a transaction-bound view into an in-memory collections of
@@ -1497,17 +1493,15 @@ func (b *putBuffer) putIntentMeta(
 func MVCCPut(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	rw ReadWriter,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
 	value roachpb.Value,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) error {
 	// If we're not tracking stats for the key and we're writing a non-versioned
 	// key we can utilize a blind put to avoid reading any existing value.
 	var iter MVCCIterator
-	blind := ms == nil && timestamp.IsEmpty()
+	blind := opts.Stats == nil && timestamp.IsEmpty()
 	if !blind {
 		iter = newMVCCIterator(
 			rw, timestamp, false /* rangeKeyMasking */, false /* noInterleavedIntents */, IterOptions{
@@ -1517,7 +1511,7 @@ func MVCCPut(
 		)
 		defer iter.Close()
 	}
-	return mvccPutUsingIter(ctx, rw, iter, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, value, txn, nil)
+	return mvccPutUsingIter(ctx, rw, iter, key, timestamp, value, nil, opts)
 }
 
 // MVCCBlindPut is a fast-path of MVCCPut. See the MVCCPut comments for details
@@ -1533,14 +1527,12 @@ func MVCCPut(
 func MVCCBlindPut(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	writer Writer,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
 	value roachpb.Value,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) error {
-	return mvccPutUsingIter(ctx, writer, nil, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, value, txn, nil)
+	return mvccPutUsingIter(ctx, writer, nil, key, timestamp, value, nil, opts)
 }
 
 // MVCCDelete marks the key deleted so that it will not be returned in
@@ -1555,11 +1547,9 @@ func MVCCBlindPut(
 func MVCCDelete(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	rw ReadWriter,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) (foundKey bool, err error) {
 	iter := newMVCCIterator(
 		rw, timestamp, false /* rangeKeyMasking */, false /* noInterleavedIntents */, IterOptions{
@@ -1574,7 +1564,7 @@ func MVCCDelete(
 
 	// TODO(yuzefovich): can we avoid the put if the key does not exist?
 	return mvccPutInternal(
-		ctx, rw, iter, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, noValue, txn, buf, nil)
+		ctx, rw, iter, key, timestamp, noValue, buf, nil, opts)
 }
 
 var noValue = roachpb.Value{}
@@ -1587,13 +1577,11 @@ func mvccPutUsingIter(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	writer Writer,
 	iter MVCCIterator,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
 	value roachpb.Value,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
 	valueFn func(optionalValue) (roachpb.Value, error),
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) error {
 	buf := newPutBuffer()
 	defer buf.release()
@@ -1601,7 +1589,7 @@ func mvccPutUsingIter(
 	// Most callers don't care about the returned exReplaced value. The ones that
 	// do can call mvccPutInternal directly.
 	_, err := mvccPutInternal(
-		ctx, writer, iter, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, value, txn, buf, valueFn)
+		ctx, writer, iter, key, timestamp, value, buf, valueFn, opts)
 	return err
 }
 
@@ -1761,6 +1749,7 @@ func replayTransactionalWrite(
 		return errors.AssertionFailedf("transaction %s with sequence %d has a different value %+v after recomputing from what was written: %+v",
 			txn.ID, txn.Sequence, value.RawBytes, writtenValue.RawBytes)
 	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -1802,7 +1791,7 @@ func replayTransactionalWrite(
 // parameter be set to hlc.Timestamp{} when writing transactionally, but
 // hlc.Timestamp{} is already used as a sentinel for inline puts.)
 //
-// The local timestamp parameter dictates the local clock timestamp
+// The opts.LocalTimestamp parameter dictates the local clock timestamp
 // assigned to the key-value. It should be taken from the local HLC
 // clock on the leaseholder that is performing the write and must be
 // below the leaseholder's lease expiration. If the supplied local
@@ -1814,14 +1803,12 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	writer Writer,
 	iter MVCCIterator,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
 	value roachpb.Value,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
 	buf *putBuffer,
 	valueFn func(optionalValue) (roachpb.Value, error),
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) (bool, error) {
 	if len(key) == 0 {
 		return false, emptyKeyError()
@@ -1850,7 +1837,7 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 	// aren't allowed within transactions. MVCC range tombstones cannot exist
 	// across them either.
 	if putIsInline {
-		if txn != nil {
+		if opts.Txn != nil {
 			return false, errors.Errorf("%q: inline writes not allowed within transactions", metaKey)
 		}
 		var metaKeySize, metaValSize int64
@@ -1868,8 +1855,8 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 			buf.meta = enginepb.MVCCMetadata{RawBytes: value.RawBytes}
 			metaKeySize, metaValSize, err = buf.putInlineMeta(writer, metaKey, &buf.meta)
 		}
-		if ms != nil {
-			updateStatsForInline(ms, key, origMetaKeySize, origMetaValSize, metaKeySize, metaValSize)
+		if opts.Stats != nil {
+			updateStatsForInline(opts.Stats, key, origMetaKeySize, origMetaValSize, metaKeySize, metaValSize)
 		}
 		return ok && !buf.meta.Deleted, err
 	}
@@ -1881,14 +1868,14 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 	// definition for rationale.
 	readTimestamp := timestamp
 	writeTimestamp := timestamp
-	if txn != nil {
-		readTimestamp = txn.ReadTimestamp
+	if opts.Txn != nil {
+		readTimestamp = opts.Txn.ReadTimestamp
 		if readTimestamp != timestamp {
 			return false, errors.AssertionFailedf(
 				"mvccPutInternal: txn's read timestamp %s does not match timestamp %s",
 				readTimestamp, timestamp)
 		}
-		writeTimestamp = txn.WriteTimestamp
+		writeTimestamp = opts.Txn.WriteTimestamp
 	}
 
 	timestamp = hlc.Timestamp{} // prevent accidental use below
@@ -1896,7 +1883,7 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 	// Determine what the logical operation is. Are we writing an intent
 	// or a value directly?
 	logicalOp := MVCCWriteValueOpType
-	if txn != nil {
+	if opts.Txn != nil {
 		logicalOp = MVCCWriteIntentOpType
 	}
 
@@ -1918,20 +1905,20 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 		// handling, since they cannot be transactional.
 		if meta.Txn != nil {
 			// There is an uncommitted write intent.
-			if txn == nil || meta.Txn.ID != txn.ID {
+			if opts.Txn == nil || meta.Txn.ID != opts.Txn.ID {
 				// The current Put operation does not come from the same
 				// transaction.
 				return false, &kvpb.WriteIntentError{Intents: []roachpb.Intent{
 					roachpb.MakeIntent(meta.Txn, key),
 				}}
-			} else if txn.Epoch < meta.Txn.Epoch {
+			} else if opts.Txn.Epoch < meta.Txn.Epoch {
 				return false, errors.Errorf("put with epoch %d came after put with epoch %d in txn %s",
-					txn.Epoch, meta.Txn.Epoch, txn.ID)
-			} else if txn.Epoch == meta.Txn.Epoch && txn.Sequence <= meta.Txn.Sequence {
+					opts.Txn.Epoch, meta.Txn.Epoch, opts.Txn.ID)
+			} else if opts.Txn.Epoch == meta.Txn.Epoch && opts.Txn.Sequence <= meta.Txn.Sequence {
 				// The transaction has executed at this sequence before. This is merely a
 				// replay of the transactional write. Assert that all is in order and return
 				// early.
-				return false, replayTransactionalWrite(ctx, iter, meta, key, readTimestamp, value, txn, valueFn)
+				return false, replayTransactionalWrite(ctx, iter, meta, key, readTimestamp, value, opts.Txn, valueFn)
 			}
 
 			// We're overwriting the intent that was present at this key, before we do
@@ -1961,8 +1948,8 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 			// Set when the current provisional value is not ignored due to a txn
 			// restart or a savepoint rollback. Represents an encoded MVCCValue.
 			var curProvValRaw []byte
-			if txn.Epoch == meta.Txn.Epoch /* last write inside txn */ {
-				if !enginepb.TxnSeqIsIgnored(meta.Txn.Sequence, txn.IgnoredSeqNums) {
+			if opts.Txn.Epoch == meta.Txn.Epoch /* last write inside txn */ {
+				if !enginepb.TxnSeqIsIgnored(meta.Txn.Sequence, opts.Txn.IgnoredSeqNums) {
 					// Seqnum of last write is not ignored. Retrieve the value.
 					iter.SeekGE(oldVersionKey)
 					var hasPoint bool
@@ -1988,7 +1975,7 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 					exVal = makeOptionalValue(curIntentVal.Value)
 				} else {
 					// Seqnum of last write was ignored. Try retrieving the value from the history.
-					prevIntent, prevIntentOk := meta.GetPrevIntentSeq(txn.Sequence, txn.IgnoredSeqNums)
+					prevIntent, prevIntentOk := meta.GetPrevIntentSeq(opts.Txn.Sequence, opts.Txn.IgnoredSeqNums)
 					if prevIntentOk {
 						prevIntentVal, err := DecodeMVCCValue(prevIntent.Value)
 						if err != nil {
@@ -2110,7 +2097,7 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 			// transaction are ignored, and there are no past committed values
 			// at this key. In that case, we can also blow up the intent
 			// history.
-			if txn.Epoch == meta.Txn.Epoch && exVal.exists {
+			if opts.Txn.Epoch == meta.Txn.Epoch && exVal.exists {
 				// Only add the current provisional value to the intent
 				// history if the current sequence number is not ignored. There's no
 				// reason to add past committed values or a value already in the intent
@@ -2161,7 +2148,7 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 
 	versionValue := MVCCValue{}
 	versionValue.Value = value
-	versionValue.LocalTimestamp = localTimestamp
+	versionValue.LocalTimestamp = opts.LocalTimestamp
 
 	if buildutil.CrdbTestBuild {
 		if seq, seqOK := kvnemesisutil.FromContext(ctx); seqOK {
@@ -2181,8 +2168,8 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 	newMeta := &buf.newMeta
 	{
 		var txnMeta *enginepb.TxnMeta
-		if txn != nil {
-			txnMeta = &txn.TxnMeta
+		if opts.Txn != nil {
+			txnMeta = &opts.Txn.TxnMeta
 			// If we bumped the WriteTimestamp, we update both the TxnMeta and the
 			// MVCCMetadata.Timestamp.
 			if txnMeta.WriteTimestamp != versionKey.Timestamp {
@@ -2232,7 +2219,7 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 	}
 
 	// Update MVCC stats.
-	if ms != nil {
+	if opts.Stats != nil {
 		// Adjust the stats metadata for MVCC range tombstones. The MVCC stats
 		// update only cares about changes to real point keys, but the above logic
 		// needs to care about MVCC range tombstones for conflict purposes.
@@ -2248,7 +2235,7 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 		if meta != nil {
 			meta.Timestamp = origRealKeyChanged.ToLegacyTimestamp()
 		}
-		ms.Add(updateStatsOnPut(key, prevIsValue, prevValSize, origMetaKeySize, origMetaValSize,
+		opts.Stats.Add(updateStatsOnPut(key, prevIsValue, prevValSize, origMetaKeySize, origMetaValSize,
 			metaKeySize, metaValSize, meta, newMeta))
 	}
 
@@ -2279,11 +2266,9 @@ func mvccPutInternal(
 func MVCCIncrement(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	rw ReadWriter,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 	inc int64,
 ) (int64, error) {
 	iter := newMVCCIterator(
@@ -2321,7 +2306,8 @@ func MVCCIncrement(
 		newValue.InitChecksum(key)
 		return newValue, nil
 	}
-	err := mvccPutUsingIter(ctx, rw, iter, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, noValue, txn, valueFn)
+
+	err := mvccPutUsingIter(ctx, rw, iter, key, timestamp, noValue, valueFn, opts)
 
 	return newInt64Val, err
 }
@@ -2356,14 +2342,12 @@ const (
 func MVCCConditionalPut(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	rw ReadWriter,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
 	value roachpb.Value,
 	expVal []byte,
 	allowIfDoesNotExist CPutMissingBehavior,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) error {
 	iter := newMVCCIterator(
 		rw, timestamp, false /* rangeKeyMasking */, false /* noInterleavedIntents */, IterOptions{
@@ -2374,7 +2358,7 @@ func MVCCConditionalPut(
 	defer iter.Close()
 
 	return mvccConditionalPutUsingIter(
-		ctx, rw, iter, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, value, expVal, allowIfDoesNotExist, txn)
+		ctx, rw, iter, key, timestamp, value, expVal, allowIfDoesNotExist, opts)
 }
 
 // MVCCBlindConditionalPut is a fast-path of MVCCConditionalPut. See the
@@ -2389,31 +2373,27 @@ func MVCCConditionalPut(
 func MVCCBlindConditionalPut(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	writer Writer,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
 	value roachpb.Value,
 	expVal []byte,
 	allowIfDoesNotExist CPutMissingBehavior,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) error {
 	return mvccConditionalPutUsingIter(
-		ctx, writer, nil, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, value, expVal, allowIfDoesNotExist, txn)
+		ctx, writer, nil, key, timestamp, value, expVal, allowIfDoesNotExist, opts)
 }
 
 func mvccConditionalPutUsingIter(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	writer Writer,
 	iter MVCCIterator,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
 	value roachpb.Value,
 	expBytes []byte,
 	allowNoExisting CPutMissingBehavior,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) error {
 	valueFn := func(existVal optionalValue) (roachpb.Value, error) {
 		if expValPresent, existValPresent := len(expBytes) != 0, existVal.IsPresent(); expValPresent && existValPresent {
@@ -2429,7 +2409,7 @@ func mvccConditionalPutUsingIter(
 		}
 		return value, nil
 	}
-	return mvccPutUsingIter(ctx, writer, iter, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, noValue, txn, valueFn)
+	return mvccPutUsingIter(ctx, writer, iter, key, timestamp, noValue, valueFn, opts)
 }
 
 // MVCCInitPut sets the value for a specified key if the key doesn't exist. It
@@ -2444,13 +2424,11 @@ func mvccConditionalPutUsingIter(
 func MVCCInitPut(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	rw ReadWriter,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
 	value roachpb.Value,
 	failOnTombstones bool,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) error {
 	iter := newMVCCIterator(
 		rw, timestamp, false /* rangeKeyMasking */, false /* noInterleavedIntents */, IterOptions{
@@ -2459,7 +2437,7 @@ func MVCCInitPut(
 		},
 	)
 	defer iter.Close()
-	return mvccInitPutUsingIter(ctx, rw, iter, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, value, failOnTombstones, txn)
+	return mvccInitPutUsingIter(ctx, rw, iter, key, timestamp, value, failOnTombstones, opts)
 }
 
 // MVCCBlindInitPut is a fast-path of MVCCInitPut. See the MVCCInitPut
@@ -2473,29 +2451,25 @@ func MVCCInitPut(
 func MVCCBlindInitPut(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	rw ReadWriter,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
 	value roachpb.Value,
 	failOnTombstones bool,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) error {
 	return mvccInitPutUsingIter(
-		ctx, rw, nil, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, value, failOnTombstones, txn)
+		ctx, rw, nil, key, timestamp, value, failOnTombstones, opts)
 }
 
 func mvccInitPutUsingIter(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	rw ReadWriter,
 	iter MVCCIterator,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key roachpb.Key,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
 	value roachpb.Value,
 	failOnTombstones bool,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 ) error {
 	valueFn := func(existVal optionalValue) (roachpb.Value, error) {
 		if failOnTombstones && existVal.IsTombstone() {
@@ -2512,7 +2486,7 @@ func mvccInitPutUsingIter(
 		}
 		return value, nil
 	}
-	return mvccPutUsingIter(ctx, rw, iter, ms, key, timestamp, localTimestamp, noValue, txn, valueFn)
+	return mvccPutUsingIter(ctx, rw, iter, key, timestamp, noValue, valueFn, opts)
 }
 
 // mvccKeyFormatter is an fmt.Formatter for MVCC Keys.
@@ -3038,12 +3012,10 @@ func MVCCClearTimeRange(
 func MVCCDeleteRange(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	rw ReadWriter,
-	ms *enginepb.MVCCStats,
 	key, endKey roachpb.Key,
 	max int64,
 	timestamp hlc.Timestamp,
-	localTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp,
-	txn *roachpb.Transaction,
+	opts MVCCWriteOptions,
 	returnKeys bool,
 ) ([]roachpb.Key, *roachpb.Span, int64, error) {
 	// Scan to find the keys to delete.
@@ -3075,8 +3047,8 @@ func MVCCDeleteRange(
 	// need to perform the initial scan at the previous sequence number so that
 	// we don't see the result from equal or later sequences.
 	var scanTxn *roachpb.Transaction
-	if txn != nil {
-		prevSeqTxn := txn.Clone()
+	if opts.Txn != nil {
+		prevSeqTxn := opts.Txn.Clone()
 		prevSeqTxn.Sequence--
 		scanTxn = prevSeqTxn
 	}
@@ -3100,7 +3072,7 @@ func MVCCDeleteRange(
 	var keys []roachpb.Key
 	for i, kv := range res.KVs {
 		if _, err := mvccPutInternal(
-			ctx, rw, iter, ms, kv.Key, timestamp, localTimestamp, noValue, txn, buf, nil,
+			ctx, rw, iter, kv.Key, timestamp, noValue, buf, nil, opts,
 		); err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, 0, err
 		}
@@ -3281,8 +3253,8 @@ func MVCCPredicateDeleteRange(
 		} else {
 			// Use Point tombstones
 			for i := int64(0); i < runSize; i++ {
-				if _, err := mvccPutInternal(ctx, rw, pointTombstoneIter, ms, buf[i], endTime, localTimestamp, noValue,
-					nil, pointTombstoneBuf, nil); err != nil {
+				if _, err := mvccPutInternal(ctx, rw, pointTombstoneIter, buf[i], endTime, noValue,
+					pointTombstoneBuf, nil, MVCCWriteOptions{LocalTimestamp: localTimestamp, Stats: ms}); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 			}
@@ -3432,6 +3404,9 @@ func MVCCPredicateDeleteRange(
 // When deleting an entire Raft range, passing the current MVCCStats as
 // msCovered and setting left/rightPeekBound to start/endKey will make the
 // deletion significantly faster.
+//
+// TODO(sarkesian): Consider accepting MVCCWriteOptions for this function
+// and its relevant callers.
 func MVCCDeleteRangeUsingTombstone(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	rw ReadWriter,
@@ -3919,6 +3894,14 @@ func buildScanIntents(data []byte) ([]roachpb.Intent, error) {
 	return intents, nil
 }
 
+// MVCCWriteOptions bundles options for the MVCCPut and MVCCDelete families of functions.
+type MVCCWriteOptions struct {
+	// See the comment on mvccPutInternal for details on these parameters.
+	Txn            *roachpb.Transaction
+	LocalTimestamp hlc.ClockTimestamp
+	Stats          *enginepb.MVCCStats
+}
+
 // MVCCScanOptions bundles options for the MVCCScan family of functions.
 type MVCCScanOptions struct {
 	// See the documentation for MVCCScan for information on these parameters.
diff --git a/pkg/storage/mvcc_history_test.go b/pkg/storage/mvcc_history_test.go
index d7c1a9f13b4d..fff579b168ad 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/mvcc_history_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/mvcc_history_test.go
@@ -1101,7 +1101,12 @@ func cmdCPut(e *evalCtx) error {
 	resolve, resolveStatus := e.getResolve()
 
 	return e.withWriter("cput", func(rw storage.ReadWriter) error {
-		if err := storage.MVCCConditionalPut(e.ctx, rw, e.ms, key, ts, localTs, val, expVal, behavior, txn); err != nil {
+		opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+			Txn:            txn,
+			LocalTimestamp: localTs,
+			Stats:          e.ms,
+		}
+		if err := storage.MVCCConditionalPut(e.ctx, rw, key, ts, val, expVal, behavior, opts); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		if resolve {
@@ -1122,7 +1127,12 @@ func cmdInitPut(e *evalCtx) error {
 	resolve, resolveStatus := e.getResolve()
 
 	return e.withWriter("initput", func(rw storage.ReadWriter) error {
-		if err := storage.MVCCInitPut(e.ctx, rw, e.ms, key, ts, localTs, val, failOnTombstones, txn); err != nil {
+		opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+			Txn:            txn,
+			LocalTimestamp: localTs,
+			Stats:          e.ms,
+		}
+		if err := storage.MVCCInitPut(e.ctx, rw, key, ts, val, failOnTombstones, opts); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		if resolve {
@@ -1139,7 +1149,12 @@ func cmdDelete(e *evalCtx) error {
 	localTs := hlc.ClockTimestamp(e.getTsWithName("localTs"))
 	resolve, resolveStatus := e.getResolve()
 	return e.withWriter("del", func(rw storage.ReadWriter) error {
-		foundKey, err := storage.MVCCDelete(e.ctx, rw, e.ms, key, ts, localTs, txn)
+		opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+			Txn:            txn,
+			LocalTimestamp: localTs,
+			Stats:          e.ms,
+		}
+		foundKey, err := storage.MVCCDelete(e.ctx, rw, key, ts, opts)
 		if err == nil || errors.HasType(err, &kvpb.WriteTooOldError{}) {
 			// We want to output foundKey even if a WriteTooOldError is returned,
 			// since the error may be swallowed/deferred during evaluation.
@@ -1168,8 +1183,13 @@ func cmdDeleteRange(e *evalCtx) error {
 
 	resolve, resolveStatus := e.getResolve()
 	return e.withWriter("del_range", func(rw storage.ReadWriter) error {
+		opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+			Txn:            txn,
+			LocalTimestamp: localTs,
+			Stats:          e.ms,
+		}
 		deleted, resumeSpan, num, err := storage.MVCCDeleteRange(
-			e.ctx, rw, e.ms, key, endKey, int64(max), ts, localTs, txn, returnKeys)
+			e.ctx, rw, key, endKey, int64(max), ts, opts, returnKeys)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -1322,7 +1342,12 @@ func cmdIncrement(e *evalCtx) error {
 	resolve, resolveStatus := e.getResolve()
 
 	return e.withWriter("increment", func(rw storage.ReadWriter) error {
-		curVal, err := storage.MVCCIncrement(e.ctx, rw, e.ms, key, ts, localTs, txn, inc)
+		opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+			Txn:            txn,
+			LocalTimestamp: localTs,
+			Stats:          e.ms,
+		}
+		curVal, err := storage.MVCCIncrement(e.ctx, rw, key, ts, opts, inc)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -1358,7 +1383,12 @@ func cmdPut(e *evalCtx) error {
 	resolve, resolveStatus := e.getResolve()
 
 	return e.withWriter("put", func(rw storage.ReadWriter) error {
-		if err := storage.MVCCPut(e.ctx, rw, e.ms, key, ts, localTs, val, txn); err != nil {
+		opts := storage.MVCCWriteOptions{
+			Txn:            txn,
+			LocalTimestamp: localTs,
+			Stats:          e.ms,
+		}
+		if err := storage.MVCCPut(e.ctx, rw, key, ts, val, opts); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		if resolve {
diff --git a/pkg/storage/mvcc_incremental_iterator_test.go b/pkg/storage/mvcc_incremental_iterator_test.go
index 9dd59ed6b1fc..7e272f838518 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/mvcc_incremental_iterator_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/mvcc_incremental_iterator_test.go
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIteratorNextIgnoringTime(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, kv := range kvs(kv1_1_1, kv1_2_2, kv2_2_2) {
 		v := roachpb.Value{RawBytes: kv.Value}
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, v, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIteratorNextIgnoringTime(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	// Exercise deletion.
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, e, nil, testKey1, ts3, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, e, testKey1, ts3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	// Returns the kv_1_1_1 even though it is outside (startTime, endTime].
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIteratorNextIgnoringTime(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		ReadTimestamp: ts4,
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, txn1.TxnMeta.Key, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, testValue4, &txn1); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, txn1.TxnMeta.Key, txn1.ReadTimestamp, testValue4, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn1}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIteratorNextKeyIgnoringTime(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, kv := range kvs(kv1_1_1, kv1_2_2, kv2_2_2) {
 		v := roachpb.Value{RawBytes: kv.Value}
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, v, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIteratorNextKeyIgnoringTime(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	// Exercise deletion.
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, e, nil, testKey1, ts3, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, e, testKey1, ts3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	// Returns the kv_1_1_1 even though it is outside (startTime, endTime].
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIteratorNextKeyIgnoringTime(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		ReadTimestamp: ts4,
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, txn1.TxnMeta.Key, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, testValue4, &txn1); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, txn1.TxnMeta.Key, txn1.ReadTimestamp, testValue4, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn1}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIteratorInlinePolicy(t *testing.T) {
 	defer e.Close()
 	for _, kv := range []MVCCKeyValue{inline1_1_1, kv2_1_1, kv2_2_2, inline3_2_1} {
 		v := roachpb.Value{RawBytes: kv.Value}
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, v, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -793,11 +793,11 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIteratorIntentPolicy(t *testing.T) {
 	defer e.Close()
 	for _, kv := range []MVCCKeyValue{kv1_1_1, kv1_2_2, kv1_3_3, kv2_1_1} {
 		v := roachpb.Value{RawBytes: kv.Value}
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, v, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, txn.TxnMeta.Key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, testValue2, &txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, txn.TxnMeta.Key, txn.ReadTimestamp, testValue2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	t.Run("PolicyError returns error if an intent is in the time range", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -958,7 +958,7 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIterator(t *testing.T) {
 
 		for _, kv := range kvs(kv1_1_1, kv1_2_2, kv2_2_2) {
 			v := roachpb.Value{RawBytes: kv.Value}
-			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, v, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -976,18 +976,18 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIterator(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run("kv [1-2)", assertEqualKVs(e, testKey1, testKey2, tsMin, tsMax, latest, kvs(kv1_2_2)))
 
 		// Exercise deletion.
-		if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, e, nil, testKey1, ts3, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+		if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, e, testKey1, ts3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		t.Run("del", assertEqualKVs(e, localMax, keyMax, ts1, tsMax, latest, kvs(kv1Deleted3, kv2_2_2)))
 
 		// Exercise intent handling.
 		txn1, intentErr1 := makeKVTxn(testKey1, ts4)
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, txn1.TxnMeta.Key, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, testValue4, &txn1); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, txn1.TxnMeta.Key, txn1.ReadTimestamp, testValue4, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn1}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		txn2, intentErr2 := makeKVTxn(testKey2, ts4)
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, txn2.TxnMeta.Key, txn2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, testValue4, &txn2); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, txn2.TxnMeta.Key, txn2.ReadTimestamp, testValue4, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn2}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		t.Run("intents-1",
@@ -1024,7 +1024,7 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIterator(t *testing.T) {
 
 		for _, kv := range kvs(kv1_1_1, kv1_2_2, kv2_2_2) {
 			v := roachpb.Value{RawBytes: kv.Value}
-			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, kv.Key.Key, kv.Key.Timestamp, v, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -1042,18 +1042,18 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIterator(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run("kv [1-2)", assertEqualKVs(e, testKey1, testKey2, tsMin, tsMax, all, kvs(kv1_2_2, kv1_1_1)))
 
 		// Exercise deletion.
-		if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, e, nil, testKey1, ts3, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+		if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, e, testKey1, ts3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		t.Run("del", assertEqualKVs(e, localMax, keyMax, ts1, tsMax, all, kvs(kv1Deleted3, kv1_2_2, kv2_2_2)))
 
 		// Exercise intent handling.
 		txn1, intentErr1 := makeKVTxn(testKey1, ts4)
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, txn1.TxnMeta.Key, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, testValue4, &txn1); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, txn1.TxnMeta.Key, txn1.ReadTimestamp, testValue4, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn1}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		txn2, intentErr2 := makeKVTxn(testKey2, ts4)
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, txn2.TxnMeta.Key, txn2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, testValue4, &txn2); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, txn2.TxnMeta.Key, txn2.ReadTimestamp, testValue4, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn2}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		// Single intent tests are verifying behavior when intent collection is not enabled.
@@ -1142,7 +1142,7 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIteratorIntentRewrittenConcurrently(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		ReadTimestamp: ts1,
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, nil, kA, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, vA1, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, e, kA, ts1, vA1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1160,7 +1160,7 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIteratorIntentRewrittenConcurrently(t *testing.T) {
 		// in intentInterleavingIter to be violated.
 		b := e.NewBatch()
 		defer b.Close()
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, b, nil, kA, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, vA2, txn); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, b, kA, ts1, vA2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		return b.Commit(false)
@@ -1255,17 +1255,17 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIteratorIntentDeletion(t *testing.T) {
 	// kA:3 -> vA3
 	// kA:2 -> vA2
 	// kB -> (intent deletion)
-	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, kA, txnA1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, vA1, txnA1))
-	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, kB, txnB1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, vB1, txnB1))
-	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, kC, txnC1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, vC1, txnC1))
+	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, db, kA, txnA1.ReadTimestamp, vA1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txnA1}))
+	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, db, kB, txnB1.ReadTimestamp, vB1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txnB1}))
+	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, db, kC, txnC1.ReadTimestamp, vC1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txnC1}))
 	require.NoError(t, db.Flush())
 	require.NoError(t, db.Compact())
 	_, _, _, err := MVCCResolveWriteIntent(ctx, db, nil, intent(txnA1), MVCCResolveWriteIntentOptions{})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	_, _, _, err = MVCCResolveWriteIntent(ctx, db, nil, intent(txnB1), MVCCResolveWriteIntentOptions{})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, kA, ts2, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, vA2, nil))
-	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, db, nil, kA, txnA3.WriteTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, vA3, txnA3))
+	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, db, kA, ts2, vA2, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, db, kA, txnA3.WriteTimestamp, vA3, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txnA3}))
 	require.NoError(t, db.Flush())
 
 	// The kA ts1 intent has been resolved. There's now a new intent on kA, but
@@ -1314,7 +1314,7 @@ func TestMVCCIncrementalIteratorIntentStraddlesSStables(t *testing.T) {
 
 	put := func(key, value string, ts int64, txn *roachpb.Transaction) {
 		v := roachpb.MakeValueFromString(value)
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, db1, nil, roachpb.Key(key), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: ts}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, txn); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, db1, roachpb.Key(key), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: ts}, v, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -1600,7 +1600,7 @@ func BenchmarkMVCCIncrementalIteratorForOldData(b *testing.B) {
 			value := roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes(randutil.RandBytes(rng, valueSize))
 			value.InitChecksum(key)
 			ts := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: baseTimestamp + 100*int64(i%keyAgeInterval)}
-			if err := MVCCPut(context.Background(), batch, nil, key, ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := MVCCPut(context.Background(), batch, key, ts, value, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				b.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/storage/mvcc_logical_ops_test.go b/pkg/storage/mvcc_logical_ops_test.go
index d111f2658ba1..9c1de35f3805 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/mvcc_logical_ops_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/mvcc_logical_ops_test.go
@@ -37,36 +37,36 @@ func TestMVCCOpLogWriter(t *testing.T) {
 	defer ol.Close()
 
 	// Write a value and an intent.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	txn1ts := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 2})
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, nil, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1ts); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	// Write a value and an intent on local keys.
 	localKey := keys.MakeRangeIDPrefix(1)
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, nil, localKey, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, localKey, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, nil, localKey, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1ts); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, localKey, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	// Update the intents and write another.
 	txn1ts.Sequence++
 	txn1ts.WriteTimestamp = hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 3}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, nil, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1ts); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, nil, localKey, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1ts); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, localKey, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	// Set the txn timestamp to a larger value than the intent.
 	txn1LargerTS := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 4})
 	txn1LargerTS.WriteTimestamp = hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 4}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, nil, testKey2, txn1LargerTS.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, txn1LargerTS); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, testKey2, txn1LargerTS.ReadTimestamp, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1LargerTS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ func TestMVCCOpLogWriter(t *testing.T) {
 	// Write another intent, push it, then abort it.
 	txn2 := makeTxn(*txn2, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 5})
 	txn2.IsoLevel = isolation.ReadCommitted
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, nil, testKey3, txn2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, txn2); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, testKey3, txn2.ReadTimestamp, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn2}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	txn2Pushed := *txn2
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ func TestMVCCOpLogWriter(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Write an inline value. This should be ignored by the log.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, nil, testKey6, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value6, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, ol, testKey6, hlc.Timestamp{}, value6, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
diff --git a/pkg/storage/mvcc_stats_test.go b/pkg/storage/mvcc_stats_test.go
index bbe78ef13e40..498f7c215571 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/mvcc_stats_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/mvcc_stats_test.go
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsDeleteCommitMovesTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	ts1 := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1e9}
 	// Put a value.
 	value := roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value")
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, ts1, value, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsDeleteCommitMovesTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 		TxnMeta:       enginepb.TxnMeta{ID: uuid.MakeV4(), WriteTimestamp: ts3},
 		ReadTimestamp: ts3,
 	}
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsPutCommitMovesTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	// Write an intent at t=1s.
 	value := roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value")
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, ts1, value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsPutPushMovesTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	// Write an intent.
 	value := roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value")
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsDeleteMovesTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Write an intent.
 	value := roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value")
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsDeleteMovesTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	require.EqualValues(t, expM2ValSize, m2ValSize)
 
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsPutMovesDeletionTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Write a deletion tombstone intent.
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsPutMovesDeletionTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 		require.EqualValues(t, vVal2Size, 17)
 	}
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -625,7 +625,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsDelDelCommitMovesTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	ts3 := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3e9}
 
 	// Write a non-transactional tombstone at t=1s.
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, key, ts1, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -654,7 +654,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsDelDelCommitMovesTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 		TxnMeta:       enginepb.TxnMeta{ID: uuid.MakeV4(), WriteTimestamp: ts2},
 		ReadTimestamp: ts2,
 	}
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsPutDelPutMovesTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Write a non-transactional value at t=1s.
 	value := roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value")
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, ts1, value, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -812,7 +812,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsPutDelPutMovesTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 		TxnMeta:       enginepb.TxnMeta{ID: uuid.MakeV4(), WriteTimestamp: ts2},
 		ReadTimestamp: ts2,
 	}
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -903,7 +903,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsPutDelPutMovesTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 
 		txn.WriteTimestamp.Forward(ts3)
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, &aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val2, txn); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, val2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: &aggMS}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 
@@ -963,10 +963,10 @@ func TestMVCCStatsDelDelGC(t *testing.T) {
 	ts2 := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2e9}
 
 	// Write tombstones at ts1 and ts2.
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, key, ts1, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, ts2, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, key, ts2, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsPutIntentTimestampNotPutTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	// Write an intent at 2s+1.
 	value := roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value")
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1096,7 +1096,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsPutIntentTimestampNotPutTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 			{Sequence: 0, Value: encValue},
 		},
 	}).Size())
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1141,7 +1141,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsPutWaitDeleteGC(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Write a value at ts1.
 	val1 := roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value")
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, ts1, val1, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1171,7 +1171,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsPutWaitDeleteGC(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Delete the value at ts5.
 
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, ts2, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, key, ts2, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1240,7 +1240,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsTxnSysPutPut(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Write an intent at ts1.
 	val1 := roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value")
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val1, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, val1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1303,7 +1303,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsTxnSysPutPut(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	require.EqualValues(t, expMVal2Size, mVal2Size)
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val2, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, val2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1340,7 +1340,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsTxnSysPutAbort(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Write a system intent at ts1.
 	val1 := roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value")
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val1, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, val1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn, Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1415,7 +1415,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsSysPutPut(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Write a value at ts1.
 	val1 := roachpb.MakeValueFromString("value")
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, ts1, val1, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1449,7 +1449,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsSysPutPut(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Put another value at ts2.
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, aggMS, key, ts2, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, ts2, val2, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: aggMS}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1642,26 +1642,42 @@ func TestMVCCStatsRandomized(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	actions["Put"] = func(s *state) (bool, string) {
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, s.batch, s.MSDelta, s.key, s.TS, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, s.rngVal(), s.Txn); err != nil {
+		opts := MVCCWriteOptions{
+			Txn:   s.Txn,
+			Stats: s.MSDelta,
+		}
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, s.batch, s.key, s.TS, s.rngVal(), opts); err != nil {
 			return false, err.Error()
 		}
 		return true, ""
 	}
 	actions["InitPut"] = func(s *state) (bool, string) {
+		opts := MVCCWriteOptions{
+			Txn:   s.Txn,
+			Stats: s.MSDelta,
+		}
 		failOnTombstones := s.rng.Intn(2) == 0
 		desc := fmt.Sprintf("failOnTombstones=%t", failOnTombstones)
-		if err := MVCCInitPut(ctx, s.batch, s.MSDelta, s.key, s.TS, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, s.rngVal(), failOnTombstones, s.Txn); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCInitPut(ctx, s.batch, s.key, s.TS, s.rngVal(), failOnTombstones, opts); err != nil {
 			return false, desc + ": " + err.Error()
 		}
 		return true, desc
 	}
 	actions["Del"] = func(s *state) (bool, string) {
-		if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, s.batch, s.MSDelta, s.key, s.TS, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, s.Txn); err != nil {
+		opts := MVCCWriteOptions{
+			Txn:   s.Txn,
+			Stats: s.MSDelta,
+		}
+		if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, s.batch, s.key, s.TS, opts); err != nil {
 			return false, err.Error()
 		}
 		return true, ""
 	}
 	actions["DelRange"] = func(s *state) (bool, string) {
+		opts := MVCCWriteOptions{
+			Txn:   s.Txn,
+			Stats: s.MSDelta,
+		}
 		keySpan := currentKeySpan(s)
 
 		mvccRangeDel := !s.isLocalKey && s.Txn == nil && s.rng.Intn(2) == 0
@@ -1699,7 +1715,7 @@ func TestMVCCStatsRandomized(t *testing.T) {
 		if !mvccRangeDel {
 			desc = fmt.Sprintf("mvccDeleteRange=%s, returnKeys=%t, max=%d", keySpan, returnKeys, max)
 			_, _, _, err = MVCCDeleteRange(
-				ctx, s.batch, s.MSDelta, keySpan.Key, keySpan.EndKey, max, s.TS, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, s.Txn, returnKeys,
+				ctx, s.batch, keySpan.Key, keySpan.EndKey, max, s.TS, opts, returnKeys,
 			)
 		} else if predicates == (kvpb.DeleteRangePredicates{}) {
 			desc = fmt.Sprintf("mvccDeleteRangeUsingTombstone=%s",
diff --git a/pkg/storage/mvcc_test.go b/pkg/storage/mvcc_test.go
index 7c09c4d5493e..5bc6a09bbbef 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/mvcc_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/mvcc_test.go
@@ -271,10 +271,10 @@ func TestMVCCGetNoMoreOldVersion(t *testing.T) {
 	// b<T=1>
 	//
 	// If we search for a<T=2>, the scan should not return "b".
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	valueRes, err := MVCCGet(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, MVCCGetOptions{})
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ func TestMVCCGetWithValueHeader(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1, Logical: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1, Logical: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{LocalTimestamp: hlc.ClockTimestamp{WallTime: 1}}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	valueRes, vh, err := MVCCGetWithValueHeader(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, MVCCGetOptions{})
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ func TestMVCCGetWithValueHeader(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	require.Equal(t, hlc.ClockTimestamp{WallTime: 1}, vh.LocalTimestamp)
 
-	_, err = MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{WallTime: 2, Logical: 1}, nil)
+	_, err = MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, MVCCWriteOptions{LocalTimestamp: hlc.ClockTimestamp{WallTime: 2, Logical: 1}})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -355,10 +355,10 @@ func TestMVCCWriteWithOlderTimestampAfterDeletionOfNonexistentKey(t *testing.T)
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	_, err := MVCCDelete(context.Background(), engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil)
+	_, err := MVCCDelete(context.Background(), engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	err = MVCCPut(context.Background(), engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil)
+	err = MVCCPut(context.Background(), engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	require.ErrorAs(t, err, new(*kvpb.WriteTooOldError))
 	require.Regexp(t, err, "WriteTooOldError: write for key \"/db1\" at timestamp 0.000000001,0 too old; must write at or above 0.000000003,1")
 
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ func TestMVCCInlineWithTxn(t *testing.T) {
 	defer engine.Close()
 
 	// Put an inline value.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ func TestMVCCInlineWithTxn(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Verify inline put with txn is an error.
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn2)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn2})
 	if !testutils.IsError(err, "writes not allowed within transactions") {
 		t.Errorf("unexpected error: %+v", err)
 	}
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteMissingKey(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	require.Empty(t, mvccGetRaw(t, engine, mvccKey(testKey1)))
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ func TestMVCCGetAndDeleteInTxn(t *testing.T) {
 
 	txn := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1})
 	txn.Sequence++
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ func TestMVCCGetAndDeleteInTxn(t *testing.T) {
 
 	txn.Sequence++
 	txn.WriteTimestamp = hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ func TestMVCCGetWriteIntentError(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn1); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ func TestMVCCScanWriteIntentError(t *testing.T) {
 	for i, kv := range fixtureKVs {
 		v := *protoutil.Clone(&kv.Value).(*roachpb.Value)
 		v.Timestamp = hlc.Timestamp{}
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, kv.Key, kv.Value.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, txnMap[i]); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, kv.Key, kv.Value.Timestamp, v, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txnMap[i]}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -641,11 +641,11 @@ func TestMVCCGetInconsistent(t *testing.T) {
 	defer engine.Close()
 
 	// Put two values to key 1, the latest with a txn.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	txn1ts := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2})
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1ts); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -675,7 +675,7 @@ func TestMVCCGetInconsistent(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Write a single intent for key 2 and verify get returns empty.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, txn2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn2); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, txn2.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn2}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	res, err := MVCCGet(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2},
@@ -711,11 +711,11 @@ func TestMVCCGetProtoInconsistent(t *testing.T) {
 	v2 := roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes(bytes2)
 
 	// Put two values to key 1, the latest with a txn.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, v1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	txn1ts := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2})
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v2, txn1ts); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, v2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ func TestMVCCGetProtoInconsistent(t *testing.T) {
 
 	{
 		// Write a single intent for key 2 and verify get returns empty.
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, txn2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v1, txn2); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, txn2.ReadTimestamp, v1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn2}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		val := roachpb.Value{}
@@ -776,10 +776,10 @@ func TestMVCCGetProtoInconsistent(t *testing.T) {
 		// Write a malformed value (not an encoded MVCCKeyValue) and a
 		// write intent to key 3; the parse error is returned instead of the
 		// write intent.
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v2, txn1ts); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, v2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		val := roachpb.Value{}
@@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ func TestMVCCInvalidateIterator(t *testing.T) {
 			ts2 := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}
 
 			key := roachpb.Key("a")
-			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, key, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, ts1, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
@@ -868,28 +868,28 @@ func TestMVCCInvalidateIterator(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func mvccScanTest(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, engine Engine) {
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 4}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 4}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -982,19 +982,19 @@ func TestMVCCScanMaxNum(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey6, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey6, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1070,19 +1070,19 @@ func TestMVCCScanWithKeyPrefix(t *testing.T) {
 	// b<T=5>
 	// In this case, if we scan from "a"-"b", we wish to skip
 	// a<T=2> and a<T=1> and find "aa'.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, roachpb.Key("/a"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, roachpb.Key("/a"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, roachpb.Key("/a"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, roachpb.Key("/a"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, roachpb.Key("/aa"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, roachpb.Key("/aa"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, roachpb.Key("/aa"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, roachpb.Key("/aa"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, roachpb.Key("/b"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, roachpb.Key("/b"), hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1108,17 +1108,17 @@ func TestMVCCScanInTxn(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	txn := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1})
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, txn.ReadTimestamp, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1166,24 +1166,24 @@ func TestMVCCScanInconsistent(t *testing.T) {
 	ts4 := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 4}
 	ts5 := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5}
 	ts6 := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 6}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, ts1, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	txn1ts2 := makeTxn(*txn1, ts2)
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1ts2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1ts2); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1ts2.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts2}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, ts3, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, ts3, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, ts4, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, ts4, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	txn2ts5 := makeTxn(*txn2, ts5)
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, txn2ts5.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, txn2ts5); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, txn2ts5.ReadTimestamp, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn2ts5}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, ts6, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey4, ts6, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1240,28 +1240,28 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRange(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey5, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value5, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey5, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value5, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey6, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value6, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey6, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value6, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	// Attempt to delete two keys.
-	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, testKey6,
-		2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, false)
+	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey2, testKey6,
+		2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -1316,8 +1316,8 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRange(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Attempt to delete no keys.
-	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, testKey6,
-		-1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, false)
+	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey2, testKey6,
+		-1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -1344,8 +1344,8 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRange(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("the value should not be empty")
 	}
 
-	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, keyMax,
-		0, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, false)
+	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey4, keyMax,
+		0, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -1369,8 +1369,8 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRange(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("the value should not be empty: %+v", res.KVs)
 	}
 
-	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, localMax, testKey2,
-		0, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, false)
+	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, localMax, testKey2,
+		0, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -1401,28 +1401,28 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeReturnKeys(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey5, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value5, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey5, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value5, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey6, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value6, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey6, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value6, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	// Attempt to delete two keys.
-	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, testKey6,
-		2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, true)
+	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey2, testKey6,
+		2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, true)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -1456,8 +1456,8 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeReturnKeys(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Attempt to delete no keys.
-	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, testKey6,
-		-1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, true)
+	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey2, testKey6,
+		-1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, true)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -1484,8 +1484,8 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeReturnKeys(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("the value should not be empty")
 	}
 
-	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, keyMax,
-		math.MaxInt64, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, true)
+	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey4, keyMax,
+		math.MaxInt64, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, true)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -1515,8 +1515,8 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeReturnKeys(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("the value should not be empty")
 	}
 
-	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, localMax, testKey2,
-		math.MaxInt64, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, true)
+	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, localMax, testKey2,
+		math.MaxInt64, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, true)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -1548,29 +1548,29 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeFailed(t *testing.T) {
 	defer engine.Close()
 
 	txn := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1})
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	txn.Sequence++
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, txn.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	txn.Sequence++
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, txn.ReadTimestamp, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, testKey4,
-		math.MaxInt64, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, false); err == nil {
+	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey2, testKey4,
+		math.MaxInt64, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, false); err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("expected error on uncommitted write intent")
 	}
 
 	txn.Sequence++
-	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, testKey4,
-		math.MaxInt64, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn, false); err != nil {
+	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey2, testKey4,
+		math.MaxInt64, txn.ReadTimestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}, false); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 }
@@ -1586,21 +1586,21 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeConcurrentTxn(t *testing.T) {
 	txn1ts := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1})
 	txn2ts := makeTxn(*txn2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2})
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1ts); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, txn2ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, txn2ts); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, txn2ts.ReadTimestamp, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn2ts}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, testKey4,
-		math.MaxInt64, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn1ts, false,
+	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey2, testKey4,
+		math.MaxInt64, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts}, false,
 	); err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("expected error on uncommitted write intent")
 	}
@@ -1616,23 +1616,23 @@ func TestMVCCUncommittedDeleteRangeVisible(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2, Logical: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2, Logical: 1}, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	txn := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2, Logical: 2})
-	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, testKey4,
-		math.MaxInt64, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn, false,
+	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey1, testKey4,
+		math.MaxInt64, txn.ReadTimestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}, false,
 	); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -1654,15 +1654,15 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeOldTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
-	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil)
+	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	_, err = MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil)
+	_, err = MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5}, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -1670,8 +1670,8 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeOldTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	// Delete at a time before the tombstone. Should return a WriteTooOld error.
 	b := engine.NewBatch()
 	defer b.Close()
-	keys, resume, keyCount, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, b, nil, testKey1, testKey4,
-		math.MaxInt64, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 4}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, true)
+	keys, resume, keyCount, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, b, testKey1, testKey4,
+		math.MaxInt64, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 4}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, true)
 	require.Nil(t, keys)
 	require.Nil(t, resume)
 	require.Equal(t, int64(0), keyCount)
@@ -1681,8 +1681,8 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeOldTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	// Delete at the same time as the tombstone. Should return a WriteTooOld error.
 	b = engine.NewBatch()
 	defer b.Close()
-	keys, resume, keyCount, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, b, nil, testKey1, testKey4,
-		math.MaxInt64, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, true)
+	keys, resume, keyCount, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, b, testKey1, testKey4,
+		math.MaxInt64, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, true)
 	require.Nil(t, keys)
 	require.Nil(t, resume)
 	require.Equal(t, int64(0), keyCount)
@@ -1693,8 +1693,8 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeOldTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	// include the tombstone in the returned keys.
 	b = engine.NewBatch()
 	defer b.Close()
-	keys, resume, keyCount, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, b, nil, testKey1, testKey4,
-		math.MaxInt64, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 6}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, true)
+	keys, resume, keyCount, err = MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, b, testKey1, testKey4,
+		math.MaxInt64, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 6}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, true)
 	require.Equal(t, []roachpb.Key{testKey1}, keys)
 	require.Nil(t, resume)
 	require.Equal(t, int64(1), keyCount)
@@ -1720,19 +1720,19 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeInline(t *testing.T) {
 		{testKey4, value4},
 		{testKey5, value5},
 	} {
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, kv.key, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 0}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, kv.value, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, kv.key, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 0}, kv.value, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("%d: %+v", i, err)
 		}
 	}
 
 	// Create one non-inline value (non-zero timestamp).
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey6, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value6, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey6, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value6, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	// Attempt to delete two inline keys, should succeed.
-	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, testKey6,
-		2, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 0}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, true)
+	deleted, resumeSpan, num, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey2, testKey6,
+		2, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 0}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, true)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -1748,22 +1748,22 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeInline(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Attempt to delete inline keys at a timestamp; should fail.
 	const inlineMismatchErrString = "put is inline"
-	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, testKey6,
-		1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, true,
+	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey1, testKey6,
+		1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, true,
 	); !testutils.IsError(err, inlineMismatchErrString) {
 		t.Fatalf("got error %v, expected error with text '%s'", err, inlineMismatchErrString)
 	}
 
 	// Attempt to delete non-inline key at zero timestamp; should fail.
-	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey6, keyMax,
-		1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 0}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil, true,
+	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey6, keyMax,
+		1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 0}, MVCCWriteOptions{}, true,
 	); !testutils.IsError(err, inlineMismatchErrString) {
 		t.Fatalf("got error %v, expected error with text '%s'", err, inlineMismatchErrString)
 	}
 
 	// Attempt to delete inline keys in a transaction; should fail.
-	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, testKey6,
-		2, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 0}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn1, true,
+	if _, _, _, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, testKey2, testKey6,
+		2, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 0}, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}, true,
 	); !testutils.IsError(err, "writes not allowed within transactions") {
 		t.Errorf("unexpected error: %+v", err)
 	}
@@ -1852,12 +1852,12 @@ func TestMVCCClearTimeRange(t *testing.T) {
 	//                 keys
 	eng := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer eng.Close()
-	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, testKey2, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil))
-	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, testKey2, ts2, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil))
-	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, testKey5, ts2, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil))
-	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, testKey1, ts3, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil))
-	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, testKey5, ts4, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil))
-	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, testKey2, ts4, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil))
+	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, testKey2, ts1, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, testKey2, ts2, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, testKey5, ts2, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, testKey1, ts3, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, testKey5, ts4, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
+	require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, testKey2, ts4, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}))
 
 	assertKVs := func(t *testing.T, reader Reader, at hlc.Timestamp, expected []roachpb.KeyValue) {
 		t.Helper()
@@ -2000,7 +2000,7 @@ func TestMVCCClearTimeRange(t *testing.T) {
 	// Add an intent at k3@ts3.
 	txn := roachpb.MakeTransaction("test", nil, isolation.Serializable, roachpb.NormalUserPriority, ts3, 1, 1)
 	addIntent := func(t *testing.T, rw ReadWriter) {
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, nil, testKey3, ts3, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, &txn))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, rw, testKey3, ts3, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}))
 	}
 	t.Run("clear everything hitting intent fails", func(t *testing.T) {
 		b := eng.NewBatch()
@@ -2095,25 +2095,25 @@ func TestMVCCClearTimeRangeOnRandomData(t *testing.T) {
 
 		key := roachpb.Key(fmt.Sprintf("%05d", k))
 		if rand.Float64() > 0.8 {
-			_, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, e, &ms, key, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: ts}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil)
+			_, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, e, key, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: ts}, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: &ms})
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 		} else {
 			v := roachpb.MakeValueFromString(fmt.Sprintf("v-%d", i))
-			require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, e, &ms, key, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: ts}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil))
+			require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, e, key, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: ts}, v, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: &ms}))
 		}
 	}
 	swathTime := rand.Intn(randTimeRange-100) + 100
 	for i := swathStart; i < swathEnd; i++ {
 		key := roachpb.Key(fmt.Sprintf("%05d", i))
 		v := roachpb.MakeValueFromString(fmt.Sprintf("v-%d", i))
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, e, &ms, key, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64(swathTime)}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, e, key, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64(swathTime)}, v, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: &ms}))
 	}
 
 	// Add another swath of keys above to exercise an after-iteration range flush.
 	for i := keyRange; i < keyRange+200; i++ {
 		key := roachpb.Key(fmt.Sprintf("%05d", i))
 		v := roachpb.MakeValueFromString(fmt.Sprintf("v-%d", i))
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, e, &ms, key, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64(randTimeRange + 1)}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v, nil))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, e, key, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64(randTimeRange + 1)}, v, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: &ms}))
 	}
 
 	ms.AgeTo(2000)
@@ -2178,25 +2178,25 @@ func TestMVCCInitPut(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	err := MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, false, nil)
+	err := MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, value1, false, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	// A repeat of the command will still succeed
-	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, false, nil)
+	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 2}, value1, false, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	// Delete.
-	_, err = MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, nil)
+	_, err = MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 3}, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	// Reinserting the value fails if we fail on tombstones.
-	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 4}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, true, nil)
+	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 4}, value1, true, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	if e := (*kvpb.ConditionFailedError)(nil); errors.As(err, &e) {
 		if !bytes.Equal(e.ActualValue.RawBytes, nil) {
 			t.Fatalf("the value %s in get result is not a tombstone", e.ActualValue.RawBytes)
@@ -2208,13 +2208,13 @@ func TestMVCCInitPut(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// But doesn't if we *don't* fail on tombstones.
-	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 5}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, false, nil)
+	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 5}, value1, false, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	// A repeat of the command with a different value will fail.
-	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 6}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, false, nil)
+	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 6}, value2, false, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	if e := (*kvpb.ConditionFailedError)(nil); errors.As(err, &e) {
 		if !bytes.Equal(e.ActualValue.RawBytes, value1.RawBytes) {
 			t.Fatalf("the value %s in get result does not match the value %s in request",
@@ -2270,19 +2270,19 @@ func TestMVCCInitPutWithTxn(t *testing.T) {
 
 	txn := *txn1
 	txn.Sequence++
-	err := MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, false, &txn)
+	err := MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, value1, false, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// A repeat of the command will still succeed.
 	txn.Sequence++
-	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, false, &txn)
+	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, value1, false, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// A repeat of the command with a different value at a different epoch
 	// will still succeed.
 	txn.Sequence++
 	txn.Epoch = 2
-	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, false, &txn)
+	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, value2, false, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Commit value3.
@@ -2295,7 +2295,7 @@ func TestMVCCInitPutWithTxn(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Write value4 with an old timestamp without txn...should get an error.
-	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, clock.Now(), hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, false, nil)
+	err = MVCCInitPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, clock.Now(), value4, false, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	require.ErrorAs(t, err, new(*kvpb.WriteTooOldError))
 }
 
@@ -2309,28 +2309,28 @@ func TestMVCCReverseScan(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey4, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey5, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value5, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey5, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, value5, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey6, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value6, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey6, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, value6, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -2441,10 +2441,10 @@ func TestMVCCReverseScanFirstKeyInFuture(t *testing.T) {
 	// Before fixing #17825, the MVCC version scan on key3 would fall out of the
 	// scan bounds and if it never found another valid key before reaching
 	// KeyMax, would stop the ReverseScan from continuing.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -2477,12 +2477,12 @@ func TestMVCCReverseScanSeeksOverRepeatedKeys(t *testing.T) {
 	// written. Repeat the key enough times to make sure the `SeekForPrev()`
 	// optimization will be used.
 	for i := 1; i <= 10; i++ {
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64(i)}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64(i)}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
 	txn1ts := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 11})
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1ts); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -2527,7 +2527,7 @@ func TestMVCCReverseScanStopAtSmallestKey(t *testing.T) {
 		defer engine.Close()
 
 		for i := 1; i <= numPuts; i++ {
-			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64(i)}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: int64(i)}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -2564,7 +2564,7 @@ func TestMVCCResolveTxn(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn1); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -2611,12 +2611,12 @@ func TestMVCCResolveNewerIntent(t *testing.T) {
 	defer engine.Close()
 
 	// Write first value.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1Commit.WriteTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1Commit.WriteTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	// Now, put down an intent which should return a write too old error
 	// (but will still write the intent at tx1Commit.Timestamp+1.
-	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1)
+	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1})
 	if !errors.HasType(err, (*kvpb.WriteTooOldError)(nil)) {
 		t.Fatalf("expected write too old error; got %s", err)
 	}
@@ -2767,7 +2767,7 @@ func TestMVCCResolveIntentTxnTimestampMismatch(t *testing.T) {
 	txn.TxnMeta.WriteTimestamp.Forward(tsEarly.Add(10, 0))
 
 	// Write an intent which has txn.WriteTimestamp > meta.timestamp.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, tsEarly, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, tsEarly, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -2812,9 +2812,9 @@ func TestMVCCConditionalPutOldTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
-	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil)
+	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Check that a write too old error is thrown, regardless of whether the value
@@ -2825,7 +2825,7 @@ func TestMVCCConditionalPutOldTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 		// Condition matches.
 		value2,
 	} {
-		err = MVCCConditionalPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, expVal.TagAndDataBytes(), CPutFailIfMissing, nil)
+		err = MVCCConditionalPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, value3, expVal.TagAndDataBytes(), CPutFailIfMissing, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 		require.ErrorAs(t, err, new(*kvpb.WriteTooOldError))
 
 		// Either way, no new value is written.
@@ -2848,14 +2848,14 @@ func TestMVCCMultiplePutOldTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil)
+	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Verify the first txn Put returns a write too old error and does not
 	// write a new value.
 	txn := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1})
 	txn.Sequence++
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn})
 	var wtoErr *kvpb.WriteTooOldError
 	require.ErrorAs(t, err, &wtoErr)
 	expTS := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3, Logical: 1}
@@ -2869,7 +2869,7 @@ func TestMVCCMultiplePutOldTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	// timestamp and verify no WriteTooOldError.
 	txn.BumpReadTimestamp(wtoErr.ActualTimestamp)
 	txn.Sequence++
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, txn)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	// Verify new value was actually written at (3, 1).
 	valueRes, err = MVCCGet(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.MaxTimestamp, MVCCGetOptions{Txn: txn})
@@ -2888,7 +2888,7 @@ func TestMVCCPutNegativeTimestampError(t *testing.T) {
 
 	timestamp := hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: -1}
 	expectedErrorString := fmt.Sprintf("cannot write to %q at timestamp %s", testKey1, timestamp)
-	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil)
+	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, timestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	require.EqualError(t, err, expectedErrorString)
 }
 
@@ -2904,7 +2904,7 @@ func TestMVCCPutOldOrigTimestampNewCommitTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil)
+	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Perform a transactional Put with a transaction whose read timestamp is
@@ -2913,7 +2913,7 @@ func TestMVCCPutOldOrigTimestampNewCommitTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	txn := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1})
 	txn.WriteTimestamp = hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 5}
 	txn.Sequence++
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn})
 
 	// Verify that the Put returned a WriteTooOld with the ActualTime set to the
 	// transactions provisional commit timestamp.
@@ -2936,7 +2936,7 @@ func TestMVCCAbortTxn(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn1); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -2968,14 +2968,14 @@ func TestMVCCAbortTxnWithPreviousVersion(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	txn1ts := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2})
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, txn1ts); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -3020,27 +3020,27 @@ func TestMVCCWriteWithDiffTimestampsAndEpochs(t *testing.T) {
 	// Start with epoch 1.
 	txn := *txn1
 	txn.Sequence++
-	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, &txn)
+	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	// Now write with greater timestamp and epoch 2.
 	txne2 := txn
 	txne2.Sequence++
 	txne2.Epoch = 2
 	txne2.WriteTimestamp = hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txne2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, &txne2)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txne2.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txne2})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	// Try a write with an earlier timestamp; this is just ignored.
 	txne2.Sequence++
 	txne2.WriteTimestamp = hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txne2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, &txne2)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txne2.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txne2})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	// Try a write with an earlier epoch; ignored with error.
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, &txn)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn})
 	require.Error(t, err)
 	require.Regexp(t, "put with epoch 1 came after put with epoch 2 in txn", err)
 	// Try a write with different value using both later timestamp and epoch.
 	txne2.Sequence++
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txne2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, &txne2)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txne2.ReadTimestamp, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txne2})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	// Resolve the intent.
 	txne2Commit := txne2
@@ -3054,7 +3054,7 @@ func TestMVCCWriteWithDiffTimestampsAndEpochs(t *testing.T) {
 	expTS := txne2Commit.WriteTimestamp.Next()
 
 	// Now try writing an earlier value without a txn--should get WriteTooOldError.
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, nil)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	var wtoErr *kvpb.WriteTooOldError
 	require.ErrorAs(t, err, &wtoErr)
 	require.Equal(t, expTS, wtoErr.ActualTimestamp)
@@ -3087,12 +3087,12 @@ func TestMVCCGetWithDiffEpochs(t *testing.T) {
 	defer engine.Close()
 
 	// Write initial value without a txn.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	// Now write using txn1, epoch 1.
 	txn1ts := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1})
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1ts); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	// Try reading using different txns & epochs.
@@ -3144,14 +3144,14 @@ func TestMVCCGetWithDiffEpochsAndTimestamps(t *testing.T) {
 	defer engine.Close()
 
 	// Write initial value without a txn at timestamp 1.
-	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil)
+	err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	// Write another value without a txn at timestamp 3.
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 3}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	// Now write using txn1, epoch 1.
 	txn1ts := makeTxn(*txn1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 4})
-	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, txn1ts)
+	err = MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1ts.ReadTimestamp, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1ts})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	// Try reading using different epochs & timestamps.
 	testCases := []struct {
@@ -3200,7 +3200,7 @@ func TestMVCCGetWithOldEpoch(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1e2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1e2); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1e2.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1e2}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	_, err := MVCCGet(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 2}, MVCCGetOptions{
@@ -3241,7 +3241,7 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeWithSequence(t *testing.T) {
 			for i := enginepb.TxnSeq(0); i < 3; i++ {
 				key := append(prefix, []byte(strconv.Itoa(int(i)))...)
 				txn.Sequence = 2 + i
-				if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, key, txn.WriteTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, &txn); err != nil {
+				if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, txn.WriteTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}); err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			}
@@ -3249,15 +3249,15 @@ func TestMVCCDeleteRangeWithSequence(t *testing.T) {
 			// Perform the initial DeleteRange.
 			const origSeq = 6
 			txn.Sequence = origSeq
-			origDeleted, _, origNum, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil,
-				prefix, prefix.PrefixEnd(), math.MaxInt64, txn.WriteTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, &txn, true)
+			origDeleted, _, origNum, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, prefix, prefix.PrefixEnd(),
+				math.MaxInt64, txn.WriteTimestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}, true)
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
 			txn.Sequence = tc.sequence
-			deleted, _, num, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, nil,
-				prefix, prefix.PrefixEnd(), math.MaxInt64, txn.WriteTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, &txn, true)
+			deleted, _, num, err := MVCCDeleteRange(ctx, engine, prefix, prefix.PrefixEnd(),
+				math.MaxInt64, txn.WriteTimestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn}, true)
 			if tc.expErr != "" && err != nil {
 				if !testutils.IsError(err, tc.expErr) {
 					t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %+v", err)
@@ -3296,7 +3296,7 @@ func TestMVCCGetWithPushedTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	defer engine.Close()
 
 	// Start with epoch 1.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn1); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	// Resolve the intent, pushing its timestamp forward.
@@ -3323,10 +3323,10 @@ func TestMVCCResolveWithDiffEpochs(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn1); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, txn1e2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1e2); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, txn1e2.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1e2}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	numKeys, _, _, _, err := MVCCResolveWriteIntentRange(ctx, engine, nil,
@@ -3365,7 +3365,7 @@ func TestMVCCResolveWithUpdatedTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn1); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -3415,7 +3415,7 @@ func TestMVCCResolveWithPushedTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn1); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	valueRes, err := MVCCGet(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{WallTime: 1}, MVCCGetOptions{
@@ -3475,7 +3475,7 @@ func TestMVCCResolveTxnNoOps(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Add key and resolve despite there being no intent.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	if _, _, _, err := MVCCResolveWriteIntent(ctx, engine, nil,
@@ -3485,7 +3485,7 @@ func TestMVCCResolveTxnNoOps(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Write intent and resolve with different txn.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn1); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, txn1.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -3506,16 +3506,16 @@ func TestMVCCResolveTxnRange(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := NewDefaultInMemForTesting()
 	defer engine.Close()
 
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn1); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey2, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey3, txn2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, txn2); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey3, txn2.ReadTimestamp, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn2}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey4, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value4, txn1); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey4, txn1.ReadTimestamp, value4, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
@@ -3592,14 +3592,14 @@ func TestMVCCResolveTxnRangeResume(t *testing.T) {
 		key0 := roachpb.Key(fmt.Sprintf("%02d%d", i+0, i+0))
 		key1 := roachpb.Key(fmt.Sprintf("%02d%d", i+1, i+1))
 		key2 := roachpb.Key(fmt.Sprintf("%02d%d", i+2, i+2))
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, key0, txn1.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn1); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key0, txn1.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		txn2ts := makeTxn(*txn2, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 2})
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, key1, txn2ts.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value2, txn2ts); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key1, txn2ts.ReadTimestamp, value2, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn2ts}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, key2, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 3}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value3, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key2, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 3}, value3, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -3713,7 +3713,7 @@ func writeToEngine(
 				log.Infof(ctx, "Put: %s, seq: %d, writets: %s",
 					p.key.String(), txn.Sequence, txn.WriteTimestamp.String())
 			}
-			require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, nil, p.key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, p.values[i], txn))
+			require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, eng, p.key, txn.ReadTimestamp, p.values[i], MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}))
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -4112,7 +4112,7 @@ func TestFindSplitKey(t *testing.T) {
 		v := strings.Repeat("X", 10-len(k))
 		val := roachpb.MakeValueFromString(v)
 		// Write the key and value through MVCC
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, ms, []byte(k), hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, []byte(k), hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, val, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -4477,7 +4477,7 @@ func TestFindBalancedSplitKeys(t *testing.T) {
 					expKey = key
 				}
 				val := roachpb.MakeValueFromString(strings.Repeat("X", test.valSizes[j]))
-				if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, ms, key, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, nil); err != nil {
+				if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, hlc.Timestamp{Logical: 1}, val, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms}); err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			}
@@ -4524,7 +4524,7 @@ func testPopulateKeysWithVersions(
 			ts := hlc.Timestamp{Logical: int32(j)}
 			require.NoError(
 				t,
-				MVCCPut(ctx, engine, ms, []byte(k), ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, nil),
+				MVCCPut(ctx, engine, []byte(k), ts, val, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms}),
 			)
 		}
 	}
@@ -4758,16 +4758,15 @@ func TestMVCCGarbageCollect(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 			for _, val := range test.vals[i : i+1] {
 				if i == len(test.vals)-1 && test.isDeleted {
-					if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, ms, test.key, val.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{},
-						nil); err != nil {
+					if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, test.key, val.Timestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms}); err != nil {
 						t.Fatal(err)
 					}
 					continue
 				}
 				valCpy := *protoutil.Clone(&val).(*roachpb.Value)
 				valCpy.Timestamp = hlc.Timestamp{}
-				if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, ms, test.key, val.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{},
-					valCpy, nil); err != nil {
+				if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, test.key, val.Timestamp,
+					valCpy, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms}); err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			}
@@ -4907,7 +4906,7 @@ func TestMVCCGarbageCollectNonDeleted(t *testing.T) {
 		for _, val := range test.vals {
 			valCpy := *protoutil.Clone(&val).(*roachpb.Value)
 			valCpy.Timestamp = hlc.Timestamp{}
-			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, test.key, val.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, valCpy, nil); err != nil {
+			if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, test.key, val.Timestamp, valCpy, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -4941,7 +4940,7 @@ func TestMVCCGarbageCollectIntent(t *testing.T) {
 	key := roachpb.Key("a")
 	{
 		val1 := roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes(bytes)
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, key, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val1, nil); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, key, ts1, val1, MVCCWriteOptions{}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -4949,7 +4948,7 @@ func TestMVCCGarbageCollectIntent(t *testing.T) {
 		TxnMeta:       enginepb.TxnMeta{ID: uuid.MakeV4(), WriteTimestamp: ts2},
 		ReadTimestamp: ts2,
 	}
-	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, nil, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, txn); err != nil {
+	if _, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, key, txn.ReadTimestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	keys := []kvpb.GCRequest_GCKey{
@@ -5043,7 +5042,7 @@ func TestMVCCGarbageCollectUsesSeekLTAppropriately(t *testing.T) {
 			for _, seconds := range key.timestamps {
 				val := roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes(bytes)
 				ts := toHLC(seconds)
-				if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, ms, roachpb.Key(key.key), ts, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, nil); err != nil {
+				if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, roachpb.Key(key.key), ts, val, MVCCWriteOptions{Stats: ms}); err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			}
@@ -5186,11 +5185,11 @@ func (d rangeTestData) populateEngine(
 	for _, v := range d {
 		if v.rangeTombstone.Timestamp.IsEmpty() {
 			if v.point.Value != nil {
-				require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, engine, ms, v.point.Key.Key, v.point.Key.Timestamp,
-					hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes(v.point.Value), v.txn),
+				require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, engine, v.point.Key.Key, v.point.Key.Timestamp,
+					roachpb.MakeValueFromBytes(v.point.Value), MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: v.txn, Stats: ms}),
 					"failed to insert test value into engine (%s)", v.point.Key.String())
 			} else {
-				_, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, ms, v.point.Key.Key, v.point.Key.Timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, v.txn)
+				_, err := MVCCDelete(ctx, engine, v.point.Key.Key, v.point.Key.Timestamp, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: v.txn, Stats: ms})
 				require.NoError(t, err, "failed to insert tombstone value into engine (%s)", v.point.Key.String())
 			}
 			ts = v.point.Key.Timestamp
@@ -6095,7 +6094,7 @@ func TestResolveIntentWithLowerEpoch(t *testing.T) {
 	defer engine.Close()
 
 	// Lay down an intent with a high epoch.
-	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, nil, testKey1, txn1e2.ReadTimestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, value1, txn1e2); err != nil {
+	if err := MVCCPut(ctx, engine, testKey1, txn1e2.ReadTimestamp, value1, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1e2}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	// Resolve the intent with a low epoch.
diff --git a/pkg/storage/pebble_mvcc_scanner_test.go b/pkg/storage/pebble_mvcc_scanner_test.go
index e47433608390..7de6ddc30b56 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/pebble_mvcc_scanner_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/pebble_mvcc_scanner_test.go
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ func TestMVCCScanWithMemoryAccounting(t *testing.T) {
 		defer batch.Close()
 		for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
 			key := makeKey(nil, i)
-			require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(context.Background(), batch, nil, key, ts1, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val, &txn1))
+			require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(context.Background(), batch, key, ts1, val, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: &txn1}))
 		}
 		require.NoError(t, batch.Commit(true))
 	}()
diff --git a/pkg/storage/pebble_test.go b/pkg/storage/pebble_test.go
index 753a3b5f9238..9329425e8c11 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/pebble_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/pebble_test.go
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ func fillInData(ctx context.Context, engine Engine, data []testValue) error {
 	batch := engine.NewBatch()
 	defer batch.Close()
 	for _, val := range data {
-		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, val.key, val.timestamp, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, val.value, val.txn); err != nil {
+		if err := MVCCPut(ctx, batch, val.key, val.timestamp, val.value, MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: val.txn}); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/storage/sst_test.go b/pkg/storage/sst_test.go
index ce4b0846cd9b..8a937a384f51 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/sst_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/sst_test.go
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func TestCheckSSTConflictsMaxIntents(t *testing.T) {
 		require.NoError(t, batch.PutMVCC(mvccKey, mvccValue))
 	}
 	for _, key := range intents {
-		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, batch, nil, roachpb.Key(key), txn1TS, hlc.ClockTimestamp{}, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("intent"), txn1))
+		require.NoError(t, MVCCPut(ctx, batch, roachpb.Key(key), txn1TS, roachpb.MakeValueFromString("intent"), MVCCWriteOptions{Txn: txn1}))
 	}
 	require.NoError(t, batch.Commit(true))
 	batch.Close()