diff --git a/packages/run-protocol/scripts/build-bundles.js b/packages/run-protocol/scripts/build-bundles.js
index cab21173742..25dda2a083d 100644
--- a/packages/run-protocol/scripts/build-bundles.js
+++ b/packages/run-protocol/scripts/build-bundles.js
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ async function main() {
       `${bundlesDir}/bundle-vaultFactory.js`,
     ],
     [`${srcDir}/centralSupply.js`, `${bundlesDir}/bundle-centralSupply.js`],
+    [`${srcDir}/mintHolder.js`, `${bundlesDir}/bundle-mintHolder.js`],
     [
       `${srcDir}/vaultFactory/liquidateMinimum.js`,
       `${bundlesDir}/bundle-liquidateMinimum.js`,
diff --git a/packages/run-protocol/src/importedBundles.js b/packages/run-protocol/src/importedBundles.js
index ce48c2084d4..a9474a15cbb 100644
--- a/packages/run-protocol/src/importedBundles.js
+++ b/packages/run-protocol/src/importedBundles.js
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ import liquidateBundle from '../bundles/bundle-liquidateMinimum.js';
 import ammBundle from '../bundles/bundle-amm.js';
 import vaultFactoryBundle from '../bundles/bundle-vaultFactory.js';
 import centralSupplyBundle from '../bundles/bundle-centralSupply.js';
+import mintHolderBundle from '../bundles/bundle-mintHolder.js';
 
-/** @type { Record<string, { moduleFormat: string }>} */
 export const governanceBundles = {
   contractGovernor: contractGovernorBundle,
   committee: committeeBundle,
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ export const governanceBundles = {
 };
 harden(governanceBundles);
 
-/** @type { Record<string, { moduleFormat: string }>} */
 export const economyBundles = {
   liquidate: liquidateBundle,
   amm: ammBundle,
   VaultFactory: vaultFactoryBundle,
   centralSupply: centralSupplyBundle,
+  mintHolder: mintHolderBundle,
 };
 harden(economyBundles);
 
diff --git a/packages/run-protocol/src/mintHolder.js b/packages/run-protocol/src/mintHolder.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..82c43f13360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/run-protocol/src/mintHolder.js
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// @ts-check
+// @jessie-check
+
+import { makeIssuerKit } from '@agoric/ertp';
+
+/**
+ * This contract holds one mint; it basically wraps
+ * makeIssuerKit in its own contract, and hence in
+ * its own vat.
+ *
+ * @param {ContractFacet} zcf
+ * @returns {{ publicFacet: Issuer, creatorFacet: Mint }}
+ *
+ * @typedef {{
+ *   keyword: string,
+ *   assetKind: AssetKind,
+ *   displayInfo: DisplayInfo,
+ * }} CustomTerms
+ */
+export const start = zcf => {
+  const { keyword, assetKind, displayInfo } = zcf.getTerms();
+
+  const { mint, issuer } = makeIssuerKit(keyword, assetKind, displayInfo);
+
+  return {
+    publicFacet: issuer,
+    creatorFacet: mint,
+  };
+};
+harden(start);
diff --git a/packages/vats/src/core/basic-behaviors.js b/packages/vats/src/core/basic-behaviors.js
index 33d7efcae05..a62c38d9197 100644
--- a/packages/vats/src/core/basic-behaviors.js
+++ b/packages/vats/src/core/basic-behaviors.js
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // @ts-check
 import { E, Far } from '@endo/far';
-import { AssetKind, makeIssuerKit } from '@agoric/ertp';
+import { AssetKind } from '@agoric/ertp';
 
 import { Nat } from '@agoric/nat';
 import { makeNameHubKit } from '../nameHub.js';
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ harden(mintInitialSupply);
  * }} powers
  */
 export const addBankAssets = async ({
-  consume: { initialSupply, bridgeManager, loadVat, zoe },
+  consume: { initialSupply, bridgeManager, loadVat, zoe, mintHolderBundle },
   produce: { bankManager, bldIssuerKit },
   issuer: { produce: produceIssuer },
   brand: { produce: produceBrand },
@@ -231,11 +231,22 @@ export const addBankAssets = async ({
   ]);
   const runKit = { issuer: runIssuer, brand: runBrand, payment };
 
-  const bldKit = makeIssuerKit(
-    Tokens.BLD.name,
-    AssetKind.NAT,
-    Tokens.BLD.displayInfo,
-  ); // TODO(#4578): move BLD issuerKit to its own vat
+  const bundle = await mintHolderBundle;
+
+  /** @type {{ creatorFacet: ERef<Mint>, publicFacet: ERef<Issuer> }} */
+  const { creatorFacet: bldMint, publicFacet: bldIssuer } = E.get(
+    E(zoe).startInstance(
+      E(zoe).install(bundle),
+      harden({}),
+      harden({
+        keyword: Tokens.BLD.name,
+        assetKind: AssetKind.NAT,
+        displayInfo: Tokens.BLD.displayInfo,
+      }),
+    ),
+  );
+  const bldBrand = await E(bldIssuer).getBrand();
+  const bldKit = { mint: bldMint, issuer: bldIssuer, brand: bldBrand };
   bldIssuerKit.resolve(bldKit);
 
   const bankMgr = E(E(loadVat)('bank')).makeBankManager(bridgeManager);
diff --git a/packages/vats/src/core/chain-behaviors.js b/packages/vats/src/core/chain-behaviors.js
index a891571737b..18dca0c1c4a 100644
--- a/packages/vats/src/core/chain-behaviors.js
+++ b/packages/vats/src/core/chain-behaviors.js
@@ -275,11 +275,17 @@ export const connectChainFaucet = async ({ consume: { client } }) => {
 };
 harden(connectChainFaucet);
 
+// XXX: move shareBootContractBundles belongs in basic-behaviors.js
 /** @param {BootstrapPowers} powers */
 export const shareBootContractBundles = async ({
-  produce: { centralSupplyBundle: centralP, pegasusBundle: pegasusP },
+  produce: {
+    centralSupplyBundle: centralP,
+    pegasusBundle: pegasusP,
+    mintHolderBundle,
+  },
 }) => {
   centralP.resolve(economyBundles.centralSupply);
+  mintHolderBundle.resolve(economyBundles.mintHolder);
   pegasusP.resolve(pegasusBundle);
 };
 
diff --git a/packages/vats/src/core/manifest.js b/packages/vats/src/core/manifest.js
index b4986413d06..7524dad1577 100644
--- a/packages/vats/src/core/manifest.js
+++ b/packages/vats/src/core/manifest.js
@@ -72,7 +72,11 @@ const SHARED_BOOTSTRAP_MANIFEST = harden({
     home: { produce: { bank: 'bank' } },
   },
   shareBootContractBundles: {
-    produce: { centralSupplyBundle: true, pegasusBundle: true },
+    produce: {
+      centralSupplyBundle: true,
+      mintHolderBundle: true,
+      pegasusBundle: true,
+    },
   },
   mintInitialSupply: {
     vatParameters: {
@@ -94,13 +98,14 @@ const SHARED_BOOTSTRAP_MANIFEST = harden({
       // TODO: re-org loadVat to be subject to permits
       loadVat: true,
       zoe: true,
+      mintHolderBundle: true,
     },
     produce: {
       bankManager: 'bank',
       bldIssuerKit: true,
     },
-    issuer: { produce: { BLD: true, RUN: 'zoe' } },
-    brand: { produce: { BLD: true, RUN: 'zoe' } },
+    issuer: { produce: { BLD: 'BLD', RUN: 'zoe' } },
+    brand: { produce: { BLD: 'BLD', RUN: 'zoe' } },
   },
   makeProvisioner: {
     consume: {
@@ -365,6 +370,7 @@ export const SIM_CHAIN_POST_BOOT_MANIFEST = harden({
   fundAMM: {
     consume: {
       centralSupplyBundle: true,
+      mintHolderBundle: true,
       chainTimerService: 'timer',
       bldIssuerKit: true,
       feeMintAccess: true,
diff --git a/packages/vats/src/core/types.js b/packages/vats/src/core/types.js
index 8104f2bfa08..e78dabac60d 100644
--- a/packages/vats/src/core/types.js
+++ b/packages/vats/src/core/types.js
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
  */
 
 /**
- * @typedef {{ resolve: (v: T) => void }} Producer<T>
+ * @typedef {{ resolve: (v: ERef<T>) => void }} Producer<T>
  * @template T
  */
 /**
@@ -174,6 +174,7 @@
  *     ammBundle: ERef<SourceBundle>,
  *     vaultBundles: ERef<Record<string, SourceBundle>>,
  *     centralSupplyBundle: ERef<SourceBundle>,
+ *     mintHolderBundle: ERef<SourceBundle>,
  *     feeMintAccess: ERef<FeeMintAccess>,
  *     governanceBundles: ERef<Record<string, SourceBundle>>,
  *     initialSupply: ERef<Payment>,
@@ -199,6 +200,7 @@
  *     governanceBundles: Producer<Record<string, SourceBundle>>,
  *     initialSupply: Producer<Payment>,
  *     centralSupplyBundle: Producer<SourceBundle>,
+ *     mintHolderBundle: Producer<SourceBundle>,
  *     feeMintAccess: Producer<FeeMintAccess>,
  *     priceAuthorityVat: Producer<PriceAuthorityVat>,
  *     priceAuthority: Producer<PriceAuthority>,
@@ -237,7 +239,7 @@
  *   consume: EconomyBootstrapPowers['consume'] & {
  *     bankManager: BankManager,
  *     board: ERef<Board>,
- *     bldIssuerKit: ERef<IssuerKit>,
+ *     bldIssuerKit: ERef<RemoteIssuerKit>,
  *     bridgeManager: ERef<OptionalBridgeManager>,
  *     client: ERef<ClientManager>,
  *     clientCreator: ERef<ClientCreator>,
@@ -249,7 +251,7 @@
  *   },
  *   produce: EconomyBootstrapPowers['produce'] & {
  *     bankManager: Producer<BankManager>,
- *     bldIssuerKit: Producer<IssuerKit>,
+ *     bldIssuerKit: Producer<RemoteIssuerKit>,
  *     board: Producer<ERef<Board>>,
  *     bridgeManager: Producer<OptionalBridgeManager>,
  *     client: Producer<ClientManager>,
@@ -262,6 +264,7 @@
  *     namesByAddressAdmin: Producer<NameAdmin>,
  *   },
  * }} BootstrapSpace
+ * @typedef {{ mint: ERef<Mint>, issuer: ERef<Issuer>, brand: Brand }} RemoteIssuerKit
  * @typedef {ReturnType<Awaited<BankVat>['makeBankManager']>} BankManager
  * @typedef {ERef<ReturnType<import('../vat-bank.js').buildRootObject>>} BankVat
  * @typedef {ERef<ReturnType<import('../vat-provisioning.js').buildRootObject>>} ProvisioningVat
diff --git a/packages/vats/src/demoIssuers.js b/packages/vats/src/demoIssuers.js
index e42959cbbad..49a8c1bb275 100644
--- a/packages/vats/src/demoIssuers.js
+++ b/packages/vats/src/demoIssuers.js
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ const provideCoin = async (name, mints) => {
  *
  * TODO: sync this type with end-user docs?
  * @typedef {{
- *   issuer: Issuer,
+ *   issuer: ERef<Issuer>,
  *   issuerPetname: string,
  *   payment: Payment,
  *   brand: Brand,
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ export const ammPoolRunDeposits = issuers => {
 /**
  * @param {Payment} bootstrapPayment
  * @param {Record<string, bigint>} balances
- * @param {{ issuer: Issuer, brand: Brand }} central
+ * @param {{ issuer: ERef<Issuer>, brand: Brand }} central
  */
 export const splitAllCentralPayments = async (
   bootstrapPayment,
@@ -427,8 +427,8 @@ export const splitAllCentralPayments = async (
 /**
  * @param {string} issuerName
  * @param {typeof AMMDemoState['ATOM']} record
- * @param {Record<string, { issuer: Issuer, brand: Brand }>} kits
- * @param {{ issuer: Issuer, brand: Brand }} central
+ * @param {Record<string, { issuer: ERef<Issuer>, brand: Brand }>} kits
+ * @param {{ issuer: ERef<Issuer>, brand: Brand }} central
  */
 export const poolRates = (issuerName, record, kits, central) => {
   /** @param { bigint } n */
@@ -557,6 +557,7 @@ export const fundAMM = async ({
 
         assert(kit.issuer, `No issuer for ${issuerName}`);
         const liquidityIssuer = E(ammPublicFacet).addPool(
+          // @ts-expect-error TODO: addPool should take ERef<Issuer>
           kit.issuer,
           issuerName,
         );
@@ -581,8 +582,9 @@ export const fundAMM = async ({
           }),
         );
 
+        const issuerPresence = await kit.issuer;
         return E(vaultFactoryCreator).addVaultType(
-          kit.issuer,
+          issuerPresence,
           issuerName,
           rates,
         );
diff --git a/packages/vats/src/vat-bank.js b/packages/vats/src/vat-bank.js
index 253410df43c..25fc7bb85e6 100644
--- a/packages/vats/src/vat-bank.js
+++ b/packages/vats/src/vat-bank.js
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ const makePurseController = (
 
 /**
  * @typedef {Object} AssetIssuerKit
- * @property {Mint} [mint]
- * @property {Issuer} issuer
+ * @property {ERef<Mint>} [mint]
+ * @property {ERef<Issuer>} issuer
  * @property {Brand} brand
  */
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ const makePurseController = (
 /**
  * @typedef {Object} AssetDescriptor
  * @property {Brand} brand
- * @property {Issuer} issuer
+ * @property {ERef<Issuer>} issuer
  * @property {string} issuerName
  * @property {string} denom
  * @property {string} proposedName
diff --git a/packages/vats/test/test-clientBundle.js b/packages/vats/test/test-clientBundle.js
index 95c064c3d85..89ef3b18cd1 100644
--- a/packages/vats/test/test-clientBundle.js
+++ b/packages/vats/test/test-clientBundle.js
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ test('connectFaucet produces payments', async t => {
   produce.bldIssuerKit.resolve(bldKit);
   const runIssuer = E(zoe).getFeeIssuer();
   produce.bankManager.resolve(
+    // @ts-ignore never mind other methods
     Promise.resolve(
       // @ts-ignore never mind other methods
       Far('mockBankManager', {
diff --git a/packages/vats/test/test-vat-bank.js b/packages/vats/test/test-vat-bank.js
index 7ff49f276d0..e8dfda0ade1 100644
--- a/packages/vats/test/test-vat-bank.js
+++ b/packages/vats/test/test-vat-bank.js
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ test('communication', async t => {
     message: /"brand" not found/,
   });
 
-  /** @type {undefined | IteratorResult<{brand: Brand, issuer: Issuer, proposedName: string}>} */
+  /** @type {undefined | IteratorResult<{brand: Brand, issuer: ERef<Issuer>, proposedName: string}>} */
   let itResult;
   const p = it.next().then(r => (itResult = r));
   t.is(itResult, undefined);
@@ -206,6 +206,7 @@ test('mintInitialSupply, addBankAssets bootstrap actions', async t => {
   produce.agoricNames.resolve(agoricNames);
 
   produce.centralSupplyBundle.resolve(economyBundles.centralSupply);
+  produce.mintHolderBundle.resolve(economyBundles.mintHolder);
 
   const { zoeService, feeMintAccess } = makeZoeKit(
     makeFakeVatAdmin(() => {}).admin,